Academic literature on the topic 'Conventional impression'
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Journal articles on the topic "Conventional impression"
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Kekez, Ivna Vuković, Gordana Paić Karega, Marina Gadža, Benjamin Benzon, Ivana Medvedec Mikić, Katarina Vukojevic, and Danijela Kalibovic Govorko. "Conventional vs. Digital Dental Impression." International Journal of Reliable and Quality E-Healthcare 11, no. 1 (January 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijrqeh.298631.
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Dental impressions are an important part of routine diagnostic and therapeutic dental procedures. Using conventional impression materials, the dentist captures intraoral details, and the dental technician uses impression for dental casts pouring. Intraoral scanners (IOS) are fast, accurate and more pleasant for a patient than conventional impression techniques and became a valid alternative to those procedures. Thirty-four dental students performed alginate and digital impressions on each other and filled two two-part questionnaires to reveal their preferences and expectations from both techniques. The results showed a statistically significant difference in time needed for digital and conventional impressions, with digital being faster. From the patient's perspective, the digital scan was more pleasant than the conventional impression. The majority of participants thought digital techniques would completely replace conventional techniques during their lifetime and find it necessary to implement new technologies in dental schools' curricula.
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Mangano, Alessandro, Matteo Beretta, Giuseppe Luongo, Carlo Mangano, and Francesco Mangano. "Conventional Vs Digital Impressions: Acceptability, Treatment Comfort and Stress Among Young Orthodontic Patients." Open Dentistry Journal 12, no. 1 (January 31, 2018): 118–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874210601812010118.
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Objective: The objective of the present study was to compare patients’ acceptability, comfort and stress with conventional and digital impressions. Materials and Methods: Thirty young orthodontic patients (15 males and 15 females) who had no previous experience of impressions were enrolled in this study. Conventional impressions for orthodontic study models of the dental arches were taken using an alginate impression material (Hydrogum®, Zhermack Spa, Badia Polesine, Rovigo, Italy). Fifteen days later, digital impressions of both arches were acquired using an intraoral scanner (CS3600®, Carestream Dental, Rochester, NY, USA). Immediately after impression taking, patients’ acceptability, comfort and stress were measured using two questionnaires and the State anxiety scale. Results: Data showed no difference in terms of anxiety and stress; however, patients preferred the use of digital impressions systems instead of conventional impression techniques. Alginate impressions resulted as fast as digital impressions. Conclusions: Digital impressions resulted the most accepted and comfortable impression technique in young orthodontic patients, when compared to conventional techniques.
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Gogushev, Kiril, and Metodi Abadjiev. "CONVENTIONAL VS DIGITAL IMPRESSION TECHNIQUE FOR MANUFACTURING OF THREE-UNIT ZIRCONIA BRIDGES: CLINICAL TIME EFFICIENCY." Journal of IMAB - Annual Proceeding (Scientific Papers) 27, no. 2 (June 4, 2021): 3765–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5272/jimab.2021272.3765.
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Introduction: Taking an impression of the oral cavity, which accurately recreates the prosthetic field, the surrounding hard dental and soft tissues, is one of the main and most important stages in the process of making any fixed prosthetic restoration. In modern prosthetic dentistry, impressions taken with the help of polyether and vinyl polysiloxane impression materials are common. Digital impressions eliminate some of the steps of conventional impression techniques and save clinical time. Aim: The aim of this article is to compare the clinical time in digital and conventional impression techniques from a whole dental arch using a controlled clinical trial. Material and methods: The present study includes 36 patients from Varna who need prosthetic treatment with fixed 3-unit bridge construction. For all participants, the conventional impression technique was performed first and one week later - the digital one. All clinical manipulations related to the implementation of the two impression techniques were performed according to the instructions of the manufacturing companies by the same specialist dentist. Results: In all participants, the time required to perform the digital impression technique is significantly less than that of the conventional impression technique. Conclusion: The digital impression technique has proven to be more efficient in terms of clinical time required for its implementation than the conventional impression technique.
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Kim, Tae-Gyung, Sungtae Kim, Hyunmin Choi, Jae-Hoon Lee, Jae-Hong Kim, and Hong-Seok Moon. "Clinical Acceptability of the Internal Gap of CAD/CAM PD-AG Crowns Using Intraoral Digital Impressions." BioMed Research International 2016 (2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7065454.
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The purpose of this study was to compare the internal gap between CAD/CAM palladium-silver crowns and cast gold crowns generated from intraoral digital versus conventional impressions and to determine the clinical acceptability. Nickel-chrome master dies were made from the prepared resin tooth with the conventional impression method (n=40). For ICC (Intraoral, CAD/CAM) group, 10 intraoral digital impressions were made, and 10 CAD/CAM crowns of a PD-AG (palladium-silver) machinable alloy were generated. For IC (Intraoral, Cast) group, 10 gold crowns were cast from ten intraoral digital impressions. For CCC (Conventional, CAD/CAM) group, 10 CAD/CAM PD-AG crowns were made using the conventional impression method. For CC (Conventional, Cast) group, 10 gold crowns were fabricated from 10 conventional impressions. One hundred magnifications of the internal gaps of each crown were measured at 50 points with an optical microscope and these values were statistically analyzed using a two-way analysis of variance (α=0.05). The internal gap of the intraoral digital impression group was significantly larger than in the conventional impression group (P<0.05). No significant difference was observed between the CAD/CAM group and the cast group (P>0.05). Within the limitations of this in vitro study, crowns from intraoral digital impressions showed larger internal gap values than crowns from conventional impressions.
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Seo, KweonSoo, and Sunjai Kim. "A New Method to Evaluate Trueness and Precision of Digital and Conventional Impression Techniques for Complete Dental Arch." Applied Sciences 11, no. 10 (May 18, 2021): 4612. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11104612.
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Purpose: The aim of this study was to present a new method to analyze the three-dimensional accuracy of complete-arch dental impressions and verify the reliability of the method. Additionally, the accuracies of conventional and intraoral digital impressions were compared using the new method. Methods: A master model was fabricated using 14 milled polyetheretherketone cylinders and a maxillary acrylic model. Each cylinder was positioned and named according to its corresponding tooth position. Twenty-five definitive stone casts were fabricated using conventional impressions of the master model. An intraoral scanner was used to scan the master model 25 times to fabricate 25 digital models. A coordinate measuring machine was used to physically probe each cylinder in the master model and definitive casts. An inspection software was used to probe cylinders of digital models. A three-dimensional part coordinate system was defined and used to compute the centroid coordinate of each cylinder. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was evaluated to examine the reliability of the new method. Independent two sample t-test was performed to compare the trueness and precision of conventional and intraoral digital impressions (α = 0.05). Results: ICC results showed that, the new method had almost perfect reliability for the measurements of the master model, conventional and digital impression. Conventional impression showed more accurate absolute trueness and precision than intraoral digital impression for most of the tooth positions (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The new method was reliable to analyze the three-dimensional deviation of complete-arch impressions. Conventional impression was still more accurate than digital intraoral impression for complete arches.
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Haddadi, Yasser, Golnosh Bahrami, and Flemming Isidor. "Accuracy of Intra-oral Scans Compared to Conventional Impression in Vitro." Primary Dental Journal 8, no. 3 (September 2019): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/205016819827601491.
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AIM The purpose of the present study was to assess the accuracy of intra-oral scans and conventional impression measured at various points on a single tooth preparation. Methods Ten conventional silicone impressions, and ten intra oral-scans using eight different digital intra oral digital scanners were taken of a prepared master tooth. The conventional impressions were directly digitised using a laboratory scanner. Each scan/impression was superimposed on a high-accuracy digital model of the prepared master tooth. For each superimposition, the deviation from the prepared master tooth was measured at six points on four two-dimensional cross-sections. Data was analysed using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results Most intra oral scanners had lower accuracy at the preparation margin compared to smooth surfaces. When only conventional impression and the latest intra oral scanners of various manufacturers are considered, the mean discrepancy at the preparation margin was 50μm (SD 16) for conventional impression, 15μm (SD 4) for Trios 3, 26μm (SD 4) for LAVA TDS, 29μm (SD 7) for CEREC Omnicam, 30μm (SD 6) for CS 3600 and 64μm (SD 7) for GC Aadva. The increased accuracy of Trios 3 was statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusions At the preparation margin, Trios 3 performed significantly better than conventional impression and the other intra oral scanners. LAVA TDS, CEREC Omnicam and CS3600 showed similar accuracy at the margin, yet better than conventional impression and GC Aadva.
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Sayed, Mohammed E., Abdulkarim Hussain Alshehri, Bandar M. A. Al-Makramani, Fuad Al-Sanabani, Fawzia Ibraheem Shaabi, Fatimah H. Alsurayyie, Walaa Magdy Ahmed, Hosain Al-Mansour, and Saurabh Jain. "Accuracy of Master Casts Generated Using Conventional and Digital Impression Modalities: Part 1—The Half-Arch Dimension." Applied Sciences 11, no. 24 (December 17, 2021): 12034. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app112412034.
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Accurate impression-making is considered a vital step in the fabrication of fixed dental prostheses. There is a paucity of studies that compare the casts generated by various impression materials and techniques that are commonly used for the fabrication of provisional and definitive fixed prostheses. The aim of this study is to compare the accuracy of casts obtained using conventional impression and digital impression techniques. Thirty impressions were made for the typodont model (10 impressions each of polyvinyl siloxane, alginate, and alginate alternative materials). Ten digital models were printed from the same model using a TRIOS-3 3Shape intraoral scanner. Accuracy was assessed by measuring four dimensions (horizontal anteroposterior straight, horizontal anteroposterior curved, horizontal cross-arch, and vertical). A one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test (α = 0.05) were used to analyze data. A statistically significant difference in the four dimensions of the stone casts and digital models was observed among the four groups (exception: between alginate alternative and 2-step putty–light body impression in the horizontal anteroposterior straight, horizontal anteroposterior curved, and horizontal cross-arch dimensions; between alginate and alginate alternative in the horizontal anteroposterior curved dimension; between alginate and 2-step putty–light body impression in the horizontal anteroposterior curved dimension; and between alginate alternative and digital in the vertical dimension). Polyvinyl siloxane had the highest accuracy compared to casts obtained from other impression materials and digital impressions.
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Sfondrini, Maria Francesca, Paola Gandini, Maurizio Malfatto, Francesco Di Corato, Federico Trovati, and Andrea Scribante. "Computerized Casts for Orthodontic Purpose Using Powder-Free Intraoral Scanners: Accuracy, Execution Time, and Patient Feedback." BioMed Research International 2018 (2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4103232.
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Introduction. Intraoral scanners allow direct images of oral situation, with fewer steps than conventional impressions. The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of digital impressions, traditional impressions, and digitalization of full-arch gypsum models, to evaluate timing of different methods and finally to study perception of patients about conventional and digital impression techniques. Methods. Dental arches of fourteen patients were evaluated by alginate impression, titanium dioxide powder-free intraoral scanning (Trios, 3Shape), and digitalization obtained from gypsum models using the same scanner. Conventional and digital techniques were evaluated through measurements (lower and upper arch anteroposterior length, lower and upper intercanine distance, and lower and upper intermolar distance) with a caliber for analogic models and using a computer software for digital models (Ortho Analyzer, Great Lakes Orthodontics). In addition, chairside and processing times were recorded. Finally, each patient completed a VAS questionnaire to evaluate comfort. Statistical analyses were performed with ANOVA and Tukey tests for accuracy measurements and paired t-test for times and VAS scores. Significance was predetermined at P<0.05. Results. The measurements obtained with intraoral scanning, gypsum models after conventional impression, and digitalized gypsum models were not significantly different. Both chairside and processing times of digital scanning were shorter than the traditional method. VAS reporting patients comfort were significantly higher when evaluating digital impression. Conclusions. Intraoral scanners used for orthodontic applications provide useful data in clinical practice, comparable to conventional impression. This technology is more time efficient than traditional impression and comfortable for patients. Further evolution with more accurate and faster scanners could in future replace traditional impression methods.
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Rippe, Marília Pivetta, Elen Guerra, Arianne Vallim Pinto Coelho, Lilian Costa Anami, Renata Marques de Melo Marinho, Marco Antonio Bottino, and Luiz Felipe Valandro. "Effect of different impression methods and ceramic materials on adaptation of inlays." Brazilian Dental Science 21, no. 3 (August 1, 2018): 296. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/bds.2018.v21i3.1543.
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<p><strong>Objective:</strong> The aim of this study was to evaluate the internal and marginal adaptation of inlays fabricated from different types of impressions (conventional and digital) and different ceramics (feldspathic and lithium disilicate). <strong>Material and Methods:</strong> Forty premolars were prepared for all-ceramic inlay restoration and assigned to 4 groups (n=10), according to the impression method (conventional with addition silicone and digital impressions) and ceramic type (lithium disilicate and feldspathic ceramic blocks). For each type of impression, 10 inlays were fabricated from lithium disilicate blocks and the other 10 from feldspathic ceramic blocks, by means of the CAD-CAM system. The internal adaptation was analyzed by replica. The marginal fit was analyzed under a stereomicroscope by directly measuring the gap formed between the inlay and the tooth in the proximal and occlusal regions. <strong>Results:</strong> The marginal or internal adaptations were not affected by type of impression (conventional = digital impression), irrespective of the ceramic type. Only the internal adaptation was affected by material, i.e., feldspathic ceramic had lower values than disilicate ceramic, when considering the digital impression. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The conventional and digital impressions promote similar marginal and internal adaptation of tested feldspathic and disilicate ceramic inlays. For digital impression the feldspathic ceramic showed better internal adaptation than lithium disilicate. </p><p><strong>Keywords</strong></p><p>Ceramics; Dental internal adaptation; Dental marginal adaptation; Dental impression technique.</p>
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Schmidt, Alexander, Leona Klussmann, Bernd Wöstmann, and Maximiliane Amelie Schlenz. "Accuracy of Digital and Conventional Full-Arch Impressions in Patients: An Update." Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 3 (March 4, 2020): 688. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9030688.
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The aim of this clinical study was to update the available data in the literature regarding the transfer accuracy (trueness/precision) of four current intraoral scanners (IOS) equipped with the latest software versions and to compare these data with conventional impressions (CVI). A metallic reference aid served as a reference dataset. Four digital impressions (Trios3Cart, Trios3Pod, Trios4Pod, and Primescan) and one CVI were investigated in five patients. Scan data were analyzed using three-dimensional analysis software and conventional models using a coordinate measurement machine. The transfer accuracy between the reference aid and the impression methods were compared. Differences with p < 0.05 were considered to be statistically significant. Overall, mean ± standard deviation (SD) transfer accuracy ranged from 24.6 ± 17.7 µm (CVI) to 204.5 ± 182.1 µm (Trios3Pod). The Primescan yielded the lowest deviation for digital impressions (33.8 ± 31.5 µm), followed by Trios4Pod (65.2 ± 52.9 µm), Trios3Cart (84.7 ± 120.3 µm), and Trios3Pod. Within the limitations of this study, current IOS equipped with the latest software versions demonstrated less deviation for short-span distances compared with the conventional impression technique. However, for long-span distances, the conventional impression technique provided the lowest deviation. Overall, currently available IOS systems demonstrated improvement regarding transfer accuracy of full-arch scans in patients.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Conventional impression"
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Howell, Kent Jon. "Accuracy of the Biomet 3i Encode® Robocast™ Technology Versus Conventional Implant Impression Techniques." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1306772544.
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Gintaute, Aiste [Verfasser], and Wael [Akademischer Betreuer] Att. "Accuracy of computerized and conventional impression-making procedures of straight and tilted dental implants." Freiburg : Universität, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1119718031/34.
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Loos, Rene. "Vergleichende Untersuchung von intraoraler und extraoraler Digitalisierung nach Modellherstellung mit CEREC-3D®." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-ds-1226095011745-95833.
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Durch den Einsatz von CAD/CAM-Technologien sollen potenzielle Fehlerquellen der handwerklich-manuellen Herstellung zahnmedizinischprothetischer Restaurationen eliminiert werden. Grundlage für die Fertigung einer prothetischen Restauration mittels CAD/CAM ist eine möglichst genaue Digitalisierung der klinischen Situation. In dieser Studie wurde die Genauigkeit der digitalen Erfassung von Zähnen unter experimentellen sowie unter klinischen Bedingungen mit dem CEREC-3D® System (intraoral) im Vergleich zu konventioneller Abformung und Modellerstellung mit anschließender extraoraler Digitalisierung (Digiscan) untersucht. Von einem Schulungsmodell wurde mit einer Doppelmischabformung ein Modell mit präpariertem Zahn 16 erzeugt und extraoral digitalisiert. Dieses Modell wurde simuliert intraoral sowie nach erneuter Abformung und Modellherstellung extraoral digitalisiert. Im Anschluss daran erfolgte die Zuordnung der einzelnen Datensätze auf das Referenz-CAD-Modell und die dreidimensionale Differenzberechnung. Die durch die Ethik-Kommission genehmigte klinische Studie umfasste zehn Probanden. Bei diesen zehn Probanden erfolgte eine konventionelle und optische Abformung des Oberkiefers. Aus der konventionellen Abformung entstand ein Modell, welches extraoral-optisch digitalisiert wurde. Diesen Daten wurde die optische Abformung zugeordnet. Die dreidimensionale Auswertung erfolgte analog der in-vitro Studie. Die Auswertung der in-vitro Daten lieferte mittlere dreidimensionale Abweichungen von ±17-35μm bei der Betrachtung vom präparierten Zahn 16 und seinen Nachbarzähnen. Betrachtete man nur den präparierten Zahn 16, zeigten sich mittlere Abweichungen um ±17μm. Im Vergleich dazu lag die berechnete mittlere Differenz bei der intraoralen Digitalisierung eines Quadranten mit ±26-81μm erheblich darüber. Im Registrierzentrum konnte die geringste Abweichung gefunden werden. Der konventionelle Verfahrensweg (Abformung – Modellherstellung – extraorale Digitalisierung) hingegen liefert eine Genauigkeit von ±9-19μm. Anhand der gewonnenen Ergebnisse kann man sagen, dass die CEREC-3D®Kamera für die Erfassung von Einzelzahnrestaurationen sowie gegebenenfalls kleinerer mehrspanniger Restaurationen geeignet ist. Größere Restaurationen hingegen übersteigen den Indikationsbereich des Systems und sollten extraoral über den Umweg einer Abformung digitalisiert werden. Klinische Parameter beeinflussen die Genauigkeit der intraoralen Digitalisierung in einem akzeptablen Maß. Dies wird anhand des Vergleiches der in-vitro mit den in-vivo Daten ersichtlich. Dabei ist die Puderschicht von durchschnittlich 28,6μm (51) bei der intraoralen Digitalisierung zu berücksichtigenUsing CAD/CAM-technology in dentistry is supposed to reduce or eliminate potential sources of error resulting from the manual craftsmanship needed when making dental restorative restorations. For any CAD/CAM-made restoration, a digitalization as precise as possible is basic. In this study, the precision of the digital measurement of teeth was examined in-vitro and invivo. The intraoral CEREC-3D® system was compared with conventional impression taking and model making and subsequent digitalization (Digiscan). A one-stage putty-and-wash impression was taken from a training model. The first upper molar in this model was prepared for a full crown. The resulting gypsum model was extraorally digitized. This master model was digitized with simulated intraoral digitizing and, after taking again an impression and making a gypsum model, with extraoral digitizing. The data was then aligned to the reference CAD-model, and the threedimensional differences were calculated. The clinical trial included ten probands and was approved by the responsible ethical committee. From each proband, a conventional impression as well as an intraoral digitizing was made from the upper jaw. The gypsum model resulting from the impression was digitized extraorally, and the data was aligned to the data-sets of the intraoral digitizing. The threedimensional differences were calculated analogous to the in-vitro analysis. The threedimensional analysis showed mean differences between ±17 and 35 microns for the prepared tooth 16 and its neighboring teeth. Looking at tooth 16 alone, the mean differences were around ±17 microns. Compared to these values, the mean differences calculated for intraoral digitizing of a whole quadrant were considerably higher (±26-81 microns). The smallest mean deviations were found at the center of alignment. The conventional method (impression taking - model making - extraoral digitizing) showed a significantly higher precision (±9-19 microns). The results show that the CEREC-3D®camera is suitable for single tooth and short-span restorations. However, the indication is not given for long-span restorations using the intraoral system. Such restorations should always be made after conventional impression taking, model making and subsequent extraoral digitizing. The precision of the intraoral digitizing is influenced by clinical parameters in an acceptable way as shown by the comparison of invitro and in-vivo data. The powder-layer of average 28.6 microns (51) has to be taken into consideration, when using intraoral digitizing
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Loos, Rene. "Vergleichende Untersuchung von intraoraler und extraoraler Digitalisierung nach Modellherstellung mit CEREC-3D®." Doctoral thesis, Technische Universität Dresden, 2008. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A23812.
Full textAbstract:
Durch den Einsatz von CAD/CAM-Technologien sollen potenzielle Fehlerquellen der handwerklich-manuellen Herstellung zahnmedizinischprothetischer Restaurationen eliminiert werden. Grundlage für die Fertigung einer prothetischen Restauration mittels CAD/CAM ist eine möglichst genaue Digitalisierung der klinischen Situation. In dieser Studie wurde die Genauigkeit der digitalen Erfassung von Zähnen unter experimentellen sowie unter klinischen Bedingungen mit dem CEREC-3D® System (intraoral) im Vergleich zu konventioneller Abformung und Modellerstellung mit anschließender extraoraler Digitalisierung (Digiscan) untersucht. Von einem Schulungsmodell wurde mit einer Doppelmischabformung ein Modell mit präpariertem Zahn 16 erzeugt und extraoral digitalisiert. Dieses Modell wurde simuliert intraoral sowie nach erneuter Abformung und Modellherstellung extraoral digitalisiert. Im Anschluss daran erfolgte die Zuordnung der einzelnen Datensätze auf das Referenz-CAD-Modell und die dreidimensionale Differenzberechnung. Die durch die Ethik-Kommission genehmigte klinische Studie umfasste zehn Probanden. Bei diesen zehn Probanden erfolgte eine konventionelle und optische Abformung des Oberkiefers. Aus der konventionellen Abformung entstand ein Modell, welches extraoral-optisch digitalisiert wurde. Diesen Daten wurde die optische Abformung zugeordnet. Die dreidimensionale Auswertung erfolgte analog der in-vitro Studie. Die Auswertung der in-vitro Daten lieferte mittlere dreidimensionale Abweichungen von ±17-35μm bei der Betrachtung vom präparierten Zahn 16 und seinen Nachbarzähnen. Betrachtete man nur den präparierten Zahn 16, zeigten sich mittlere Abweichungen um ±17μm. Im Vergleich dazu lag die berechnete mittlere Differenz bei der intraoralen Digitalisierung eines Quadranten mit ±26-81μm erheblich darüber. Im Registrierzentrum konnte die geringste Abweichung gefunden werden. Der konventionelle Verfahrensweg (Abformung – Modellherstellung – extraorale Digitalisierung) hingegen liefert eine Genauigkeit von ±9-19μm. Anhand der gewonnenen Ergebnisse kann man sagen, dass die CEREC-3D®Kamera für die Erfassung von Einzelzahnrestaurationen sowie gegebenenfalls kleinerer mehrspanniger Restaurationen geeignet ist. Größere Restaurationen hingegen übersteigen den Indikationsbereich des Systems und sollten extraoral über den Umweg einer Abformung digitalisiert werden. Klinische Parameter beeinflussen die Genauigkeit der intraoralen Digitalisierung in einem akzeptablen Maß. Dies wird anhand des Vergleiches der in-vitro mit den in-vivo Daten ersichtlich. Dabei ist die Puderschicht von durchschnittlich 28,6μm (51) bei der intraoralen Digitalisierung zu berücksichtigen.Using CAD/CAM-technology in dentistry is supposed to reduce or eliminate potential sources of error resulting from the manual craftsmanship needed when making dental restorative restorations. For any CAD/CAM-made restoration, a digitalization as precise as possible is basic. In this study, the precision of the digital measurement of teeth was examined in-vitro and invivo. The intraoral CEREC-3D® system was compared with conventional impression taking and model making and subsequent digitalization (Digiscan). A one-stage putty-and-wash impression was taken from a training model. The first upper molar in this model was prepared for a full crown. The resulting gypsum model was extraorally digitized. This master model was digitized with simulated intraoral digitizing and, after taking again an impression and making a gypsum model, with extraoral digitizing. The data was then aligned to the reference CAD-model, and the threedimensional differences were calculated. The clinical trial included ten probands and was approved by the responsible ethical committee. From each proband, a conventional impression as well as an intraoral digitizing was made from the upper jaw. The gypsum model resulting from the impression was digitized extraorally, and the data was aligned to the data-sets of the intraoral digitizing. The threedimensional differences were calculated analogous to the in-vitro analysis. The threedimensional analysis showed mean differences between ±17 and 35 microns for the prepared tooth 16 and its neighboring teeth. Looking at tooth 16 alone, the mean differences were around ±17 microns. Compared to these values, the mean differences calculated for intraoral digitizing of a whole quadrant were considerably higher (±26-81 microns). The smallest mean deviations were found at the center of alignment. The conventional method (impression taking - model making - extraoral digitizing) showed a significantly higher precision (±9-19 microns). The results show that the CEREC-3D®camera is suitable for single tooth and short-span restorations. However, the indication is not given for long-span restorations using the intraoral system. Such restorations should always be made after conventional impression taking, model making and subsequent extraoral digitizing. The precision of the intraoral digitizing is influenced by clinical parameters in an acceptable way as shown by the comparison of invitro and in-vivo data. The powder-layer of average 28.6 microns (51) has to be taken into consideration, when using intraoral digitizing.
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Anadioti, Evanthia. "Internal and marginal fit Of pressed and cad lithium disilicate crowns made from digital and conventional impressions." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2013. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2435.
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Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate in vitro the 3D and 2D marginal fit and 2D internal fit of CAD and Press all-ceramic crowns made from digital and conventional impressions.
Methods: A dentoform replica tooth (#30) was prepared for an all-ceramic crown (Master Die). 30 impressions were made with PVS material; 30 definitive casts were poured in type IV gypsum. 30 LavaTM C.O.S. impressions were made; 30 resin models were produced. 30 crowns were waxed and pressed in lithium disilicate (IPS e.max Press) (15 from each impression technique) and 30 crowns were milled from lithium disilicate blocks (IPS e.max CAD) (15 from each impression technique) utilizing the E4D scanner and milling engine. The Master Die and the intaglio of the 60 crowns were digitized using a 3D laser coordinate measurement machine (CMM). For each specimen a separate data set was created for the Qualify 2012 software. The two data sets, digital master die and digital intaglio of the crown, were merged using Best-Fit alignment. An area above the cavosurface margin with 0.75mm occlusal-gingival width circumferentially was defined. The 3D marginal fit of each specimen was an average of all 3D measurement values on that specified area for all the crowns, and it was used for the statistical analysis. For the 2D measurements, two sections, one facial-lingual and one mesial-distal, were made through the grooves on the standardized metal base of the tooth. The distance between the die and the intaglio surface of the crown were measured at 7 standardize points (2 on the margins, 2 at 0.75mm above the margin, 2 on the axial walls and 1 on the occlusal surface). For the 3D measurements one-way ANOVA with post-hoc Tukey's HSD test was used to determine whether there were significant differences in mean marginal fit values among four experimental groups (alpha=0.05). For the 2D data, a two-way ANOVA was performed to detect a significant interaction between the type of impressions and the type of crowns on the marginal and internal fit (alpha=0.05).
Results: One-way ANOVA revealed that the 3D mean marginal fit for Group A (0.048mm±SD 0.009) was significantly lower than those obtained from other three experimental groups Group B (0.088mm±SD 0.024), Group C (0.089mm±SD 0.020) and Group D (0.084mm±SD 0.021), while no significant differences were found among Group B, C and D. Similar results were found regarding the 2D marginal fit Group A (0.040mm±SD 0.008), Group B (0.076mm±SD 0.0234), Group C (0.075mm±SD 0.0148) and Group D (0.073mm±SD 0.0258). For the 2D internal fit, Group C (0.2109mm±SD 0.0410) had statistically significant poorer internal fit than the other three groups Group A (0.1105mm±SD 0.0474), Group B (0.1158±SD 0.02) and Group D (0.1454MM±SD 0.0245), while no significant difference was found among those three groups.
Conclusions: The combination of PVS impression method and Press fabrication technique produced the most accurate 3D and 2D marginal adaptation. The combination of LavaTM C.O.S. impression and Press fabrication technique produced the poorer 2D internal fit.
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Hung, Wei-Lin, and 洪維琳. "Comparison of subjective perception and impression discrepancy between conventional and digital intra-oral impression." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/37297081415865457992.
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碩士高雄醫學大學
口腔衛生學系碩士在職專班
105
Background and objective: Acquiring 3D digital images through “Digital Intra-oral Impression” to produce dental crowns is the latest promising future. However, the high cost and low prevalence of the equipment made it unacceptable for the majority of domestic dentists. Intra-oral scanner system still under continuous developing and become more popular which deserved further study for its clinical results. This study analyzes the subjective perception of dental clinical patients and impression discrepancy toward conventional and digital intraoral impression and discussion on the relationship between them. In further, providing the user’s clinical evaluation as advice for dentists. Materials & Methods: There were thirty subjects participated in this study. Subjects were asked to estimate their subjective perception before and after receiving the conventional and digital impression from a dentist. Then measuring the discrepancies between two different methods of the impression. The final part, all the measurement data were analyzed statistically by paired t-test, repeated measures two-way ANOVA, Kolmogorov- Smirnov test, and Mann-Whitney U test. Result: There were thirty subjects participated in this study (27.77±8.19 years old in average, 17 males, 13 females). Over all, there was a statistically significant difference in most subjects’ perception. Most subjects prefer digital impression. In addition, gender affects the negative feelings between two different impression procedures. After measuring the discrepancy of scan results, we found that lingual aspect has more discrepancy than other aspects. The analysis suggested that no association between subjective perception and discrepancy. Conclusion: Through our study, it is proven digital intra-oral impression improves the uncomfortable feeling and reduce the tension of conventional impression method. However, lingual aspect has more inaccuracy on digital impression. Finally, the subjective perception has no association with the impression discrepancy.
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Sousa, Vera Lúcia Azevedo de. "Accuracy of intraoral digital impressions and conventional impressions: at the level of partial removable prostheses." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/81980.
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Trabalho de Projeto do Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Dentária apresentado à Faculdade de MedicinaIntrodução: A introdução do sistema CAD/CAM permite utilizar ficheiros STL obtidos por uma câmara intra-oral para confeção de próteses removíveis em modelos 3D, com a ausência do envio de modelos de gesso ou impressões convencionais em silicone ou alginato para o laboratório.Materiais e Métodos: Realizou-se uma revisão bibliográfica na base de dados PubMed com a combinação de palavras-chave e conectores Booleanos: “removable dentures” OR “removable prostheses” AND (“digital impression technique” OR “CAD/CAM”) NOT “fixed prostheses”, seguida de uma segunda revisão nas bases de dados PubMed, Web of ScienceTM, B-On, ClinicalKey® e ScienceDirect com a combinação: “CAD/CAM” AND “Intraoral digital impression” AND “Prosthodontic”. O estudo clínico piloto consistiu na realização, em 3 doentes, de duas impressões convencionais em alginato e duas impressões digitais intraorais com o scanner Cerec Omnicam (Dentsply Sirona, Wals, Áustria), efetuadas pelo mesmo operador. Os dois modelos de gesso obtidos das impressões convencionais foram digitalizados, pelo mesmo scanner, e as duas imagens resultantes foram sobrepostas, assim como as duas imagens das impressões digitais. Seguiu-se a análise através de medições lineares no software Cerec inLab SW 15.0 (Sirona Dental Systems, Wals, Áustria).Resultados: Na revisão bibliográfica obtivemos 35 artigos na Pubmed. Após leitura do título, abstract e aplicando os critérios de inclusão, selecionamos 4 artigos. Atráves das bases de dados ClinicalKey®, B-On, Web of ScienceTM e ScienceDirect selecionamos 14 artigos e 5 por referência cruzada manual, ficando com 23 artigos. Na análise das imagens, realizamos medições lineares, horizontais e verticais, para verificar a exatidão e a precisão, respectivamente. A exatidão variou em média 0,31mm e 0,49mm entre o modelo de referência e os modelos virtuais obtido pela digitalização do modelo de referência e da digitalização intra-oral, respectivamente. A precisão das impressões digitais intra-orais apresenta melhores resultados do que as impressões convencionais em desdentações parciais com pequenas áreas edêntulas. Conclusão: Dentro das limitações deste estudo, podemos verificar que análise da precisão das impressões digitais apresentou melhores resultados do que os modelos de referência digitalizados em desdentados parciais com pequenas áreas êdentulas. Neste estudo piloto verificou-se que a precisão da técnica de impressão digital é influenciada pelas condições da cavidade oral e pelo tipo de substrato digitalizado, já as diferenças na exatidão podem atribuir-se à mudança dimensional do alginato e distorção dos modelos de referência. A análise da exatidão da técnica de impressão convencional é influenciada pelos problemas intrínsecos à mesma e por não terem sido utilizados pontos de referência precisos para efetuar as medições.
Introduction: The introduction of CAD/CAM technology allows the use of STL files obtained by an intraoral camera for production of fixed and removable prostheses, without sending cast stone models or conventional intraoral impressions in silicone or alginate to the laboratory.Materials and Methods: A literature review was carried out through the search engine: Pubmed, using the combinations of key-words and Boolean connectors: “removable dentures” OR “removable prostheses” AND (“digital impression technique” OR “CAD-CAM”) NOT “fixed prostheses” and then a second literature review was carried out through the search engines: PubMed, Web of ScienceTM, B-On, ClinicalKey® and ScienceDirect, using the combination:“CAD/CAM” AND “Intraoral digital impression” AND “Prosthodontic”. A clinical pilot study was performed with 3 patients, each patient had two conventional impressions in alginate and two intraoral digital impressions done with the Cerec Omnicam scanner (Dentsply Sirona, Wals, Austria), by the same operator; posteriorly, two stone cast models were also scanned. The two scans of the digital impressions were overlapped as were the two scans the stone cast models and analyzed in the Cerec inLab SW 15.0 software (Sirona Dental Systems, Wals, Austria). Results: In the literature review, we obtained 35 articles in the PubMed. After reading title, abstract and applying the inclusion criteria, we selected 4 articles. Through search engine ClinicalKey®, Web of ScienceTM, B-On and ScienceDirect were selected 14 articles and 5 articles by manual cross reference, staying with 23 articles. In the images analysis, linear measurements, horizontal and vertical were obtained, to verify trueness and precision, respectively. The trueness varied in mean 0.31mm and 0.49mm between the reference model and the virtual models obtained by the scan of the reference model and the intraoral scan, respectively. The precision of intraoral digital impressions are better than conventional impressions in partial edentulous jaws with small edentulous areas. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, we can verify that the precision analysis of intraoral scans was better than the scans of reference model in partial edentulous jaws with small edentulous areas. In this pilot study we verified that the precision of digital impression technique is influenced by the oral cavity conditions and by substrate scanning and the differences in the trueness can be attributed to the dimensional change of the alginate and distortion of the reference models. The trueness analysis of the conventional impression technique was influenced by intrinsic problems and the fact that precise reference points for measurements were not used.
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Huang, Yu-Chun, and 黃于純. "Comparison the displacement and accuracy between conventional and digital impression methods for mobile tooth." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/73955050025264214506.
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碩士高雄醫學大學
牙醫學系碩士在職專班
104
Objective: Periodontitis with mobile teeth which require additional stabilization/ splinting treatment or final fixed prostheses. Truly and precisely transfer mobile tooth into the laboratory for an accurate working cast is very important and tough. Elastomeric impression material with varies viscosities .Which kind of viscosity combination in conventional impression technique can get less displacement for mobile tooth . Or intraoral digital impression technique can solve the problem from teeth displacement during the conventional impression procedure. Materials and methods: 6 Impressions techniques (4 conventional and 2 digital) were performed on a right mandibular half arch acrylic model containing 3 natural teeth (44,45,47). Standard Porcelain fused to metal tooth preparation was performed on 2nd premolar and 2nd molar as 3-unit C&B (45x47)abutments. A vacuum suck down acrylic plate was made as an index. According to Miller’s classification, natural tooth 2nd premolar was made as a mobility II teeth , 2nd molar was made as a mobility I teeth and 1st premolar was a non-mobile tooth. Four different viscosity PVS impression material (Group 1-4), use one step double mixed impression technique performed on a preformed 2.5-3.0 mm tray spacer perforated custom tray. Two digital impression with introral scanner (3-shape TRIOS Cart) and extraoral scanner (3-shape D850 Lab scanner) was performed directly on the same mandibular half arch acrylic model .Four viscosity combination were Group 1 : Monophase for both injection type and tray material (Honigum, Germany, DMG); Group 2: Light body wash+ Monophase (Take-1, Kerr); Group 3: XLV + Heavy body (Aquasil, USA, Densply); Group 4: Light body + Putty soft (Silagum, Germany, DMG). Every group had 5 repeated samples. Total 20 ADA Type IV stone casts were scanned by 3-shape Lab scanner. Every sample had three intra- abutment (B1, B2, B3) and three inter-abutment distances (D1, D2, D3) to be measured by CAD software. All data were analysis by one-way ANOVA and one sample t-test. Results: For conventional impression techniques, all have mobile tooth buccal displacement and reduced inter-abutment distance. The displacement of mobility II tooth was less in light body + monophase (-0.25mm) and light body + heavy body (-0.26mm), but larger on monophase only (-0.47mm) and light body + putty soft (-0.43mm). The displacement of mobility I tooth was the same with less buccal displacement in light body + monophase(-0.07mm) and light body + heavy body (-0.08mm),but larger on monophase only(-0.18mm) and light body + putty soft (-0.19mm). The degree of mesiodistal deviation was less in light body + monophase (-0.12 mm). For intraoral digital impression technique (3-shape TRIOS Cart) which had less buccal deviation on mobility I (-0.09 mm) and mobility II tooth (+0.07mm ),but larger on mesiodistal deviation (-0.36mm). For Lab scanner (3-shape D850) which had the least deviation for both buccal or mesiodistal, mobility II tooth has less buccal deviation (0.04mm). Non-mobile tooth impression with Lab scanner (3-shape D850) has the least deviation (0.019mm) when direct scanning on mandibular half arch acrylic model and mean deviation of 4 conventional impressions was 0.05mm. No statistic difference between four conventional impression materials and lab scanner, but has statistic difference with intraoral digital impression. Conclusion: Conventional impression and lab scanner can obtain accurate working cast on non-mobile tooth. In mobility I tooth using light body and monophase (tray material) has the least deviation on buccal and mesiodistal. But in mobility II tooth, whether conventional or intraoral digital impression cannot fulfill the clinical acceptable requirement for fixed dental prostheses. Conventional impression technique has too much buccal displacement and intraoral scanner (3-shape TRIOS) has larger mesiodistal deviation on mobility II tooth. Therefore, the final impression of mobility II tooth may be postponed until stable to mobility I and combination light body for injection type with monophase for tray material produces a more accurate definitive cast than those fabricated with monophase only or with putty soft for tray material. Intraoral scanner can use in provisional treatment prostheses, but it needs well-trained and must be aware of larger mesiodistal deviation.
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Lino, Carolina Alves. "Técnica de impressão digital vs. convencional: comparação em desdentados totais." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/82703.
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Trabalho Final do Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Dentária apresentado à Faculdade de MedicinaIntrodução: Em prótese total removível, a impressão convencional permite obter modelos de gesso com uma reprodução ótima dos tecidos orais. O aparecimento de scanners intraorais trouxe, todavia, a introdução na prática clínica de um método de impressão digital, eliminando a impressão física dos tecidos e o modelo de gesso. Adicionado à tecnologia CAD-CAM, este novo método possibilita cada vez mais um fluxo digital dos procedimentos protéticos. No entanto, o número limitado de publicações e o facto de ser uma tecnologia recente é génese de controvérsia na sua utilização em prótese removível. Assim, este estudo piloto objetiva a comparação da impressão digital em relação ao gold-standard (impressão convencional) no paciente desdentado total.Materiais e Métodos: Realizou-se uma revisão da literatura nas bases de dados PubMed, Cochrane e WebofScienceTM, concomitantemente a uma pesquisa manual. Com uma amostra de cinco pacientes, iniciou-se o protocolo experimental com uma impressão convencional para as duas arcadas com um elastómero seguindo-se as impressões digitais com o scanner Cerec Omnicam (Dentsply Sirona, York, USA). A digitalização dos modelos de gesso resultantes das primeiras impressões foi executada pelo D900L (3Shape, Copenhaga, Dinamarca), um scanner laboratorial de elevada precisão. Posteriormente, os modelos resultantes foram sobrepostos e analisados tridimensionalmente recorrendo ao software Geomagic® ControlTM (3D Systems, Rock Hill, USA), com a recolha dos diversos valores de desvio.Resultados: A revisão da literatura obteve um total de dezassete artigos, dois livros e uma tese. A análise dos resultados obtidos do estudo piloto demonstrou que o desvio médio maxilar atingiu valores entre -0,2732mm e 0,146mm e o mandibular valores entre -0,5426mm e 0,3428mm. Na diferenciação das várias zonas de suporte verificou-se que nas localizações maxilares com suporte secundário o desvio atingiu maioritariamente valores positivos ao contrário das de suporte primário. A nível mandibular os resultados não foram conclusivos para as diferentes localizações. Conclusão: Os resultados deste estudo sugerem que a performance do scanner intraoral e os valores de desvio médio (comparação digital-convencional) estão dependentes da reabsorção óssea do paciente e das características histológicas que as diferentes localizações anatómicas apresentam, bem como da anatomia topográfica dos rebordos. Acresce a estas limitações a abordagem mucoestática da impressão digital, sendo notório o desvio em zonas sujeitas a compressão (suporte secundário) e a escassez de informação em regiões de difícil acesso do scanner. Por estes motivos, esta metodologia digital de impressão é ainda limitada na prática clínica de prótese total removível.
Introduction: In removable prosthodontics, a conventional impression will obtain cast models with excellent reproduction of oral tissues. However, with the introduction of intraoral scanners into clinical practice, digital impressions have found a way of putting aside the physical impression of tissues and cast models. With CAD-CAM technology, this new method increases the possibility of a digital workflow for prosthodontic procedures. Nevertheless, being this a new technology and with reduced literature, mainly in removable prosthodontics, some controversy is present. Therefore, this pilot study aims to compare digital impressions with the gold-standard (conventional impression) in edentulous patients.Materials and Methods: A literature review was conducted on the databases PubMed, Cochrane, and WebofScienceTM, alongside with a manual search. With a sample of five patients, the experimental protocol began with a conventional impression of both jaws with an elastomer followed by the digital impressions by Cerec Omnicam (Dentsply Sirona, York, USA), done by the same operator. The digitalization of the cast models, which resulted from the first impressions, was made by D900L (3Shape, Copenhagen, Denmark), a high accuracy laboratorial scanner. Afterwards, the resulting models were overlapped and analyzed tridimensionally with Geomagic® ControlTM (3D Systems, Rock Hill, USA), and the deviation values were registered.Results: The literature review obtained a total of seventeen articles, two books, and one dissertation. The analysis of the pilot study results showed that, in a conventional-digital comparison, the maxillary mean deviation ranged from -0,2732mm to 0,146mm and the mandibular from -0,5426mm to 0,3428mm. The differentiation of the various support regions showed that on maxillary locations with secondary support the deviation reached mainly positive values, as opposed to those with primary support. In the mandible the results were inconclusive for all locations. Conclusion: The results of this pilot study suggest that the performance of the intraoral scanner and the values of mean deviation (digital-conventional comparison) depend on the bone reabsorption of the patient, and on the histological characteristics that the different anatomical locations present, as well as on the topographic anatomy of the bone ridges. In addition to these limitations, there is a mucostatic approach of the digital impression, in which the deviation within the areas that are subject to compression (secondary support) is very clear, and a lack of information in areas of difficult access for the scanner. Due to these reasons, the application of this digital impression methodology is still restricted within the scope of removable prosthodontics.
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Viegas, Diogo Miguel da Costa Cabecinha Pacheco. "Avaliação da precisão e fidelidade do método de impressão digital vs. convencional : e a influência da direção de digitalização, tipo de scanner e experiência adquirida do operador." Doctoral thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/49988.
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Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar a influência do tipo de técnica de impressão, tipo de scanner intraoral, direção de digitalização e experiência adquirida do operador na exatidão do modelo final.
Material e Métodos: Um modelo mestre parcial foi usado como referência. Foram obtidas 128 digitalizações, divididas em dois grupos: o método convencional (n = 32) e o método digital (n = 96). O grupo digital foi dividido em três grupos: Trios 3 (n = 32), Omnicam (n = 32) e CS 3600 (n = 32). Cada um desses grupos foi subdividido de acordo com a direção da digitalização (n = 16), e cada uma foi sobreposta ao modelo de referência digital para medir a fidelidade e precisão dos procedimentos.
Resultados: Os valores de precisão para o tipo de impressão obtidas foram de 59,89 ± 13,08μm para a técnica convencional e 13,42 ± 4,28 μm para digital (p <0,05); os valores de fidelidade foram 49,37 ± 19,13 μm para a convencional e 53,53 ± 4,97 μm para a digital (p >0,05); os valores de fidelidade da direção de digitalização foram 53,05 ± 4,36 μm para a técnica contínua e 54,03 ± 5,52 μm para a segmentada (p >0,05); e os valores de precisão foram 14,18 ± 4,67 μm para contínua e 12,67 ± 3,75 μm para segmentada (p> 0,05). Para o tipo de scanner, os valores de fidelidade foram de 50,06 ± 2,65 μm para o Trios 3, 57,45 ± 4,63 μm para a Omnicam e 52,57 ± 4,65 μm para o CS 3600 (p> 0,05); e os de precisão foram 11,7 ± 2,07 μm para o Trios 3, 10,09 ± 2,24 μm para a Omnicam e 18,49 ± 2,42 μm para o CS 3600 (p <0,05).
Conclusões: O método de impressão digital é o método mais favorável em relação à precisão; em termos de fidelidade, não há diferenças entre os dois tipos de impressões.Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the influence of the type of impression technique, type of intraoral scanner, scanning direction and operator experience on the accuracy of the final cast. Material and Methods: A partial master cast was used as a reference. A total of 128 scans were obtained to be separed into two groups: the conventional method (n=32) and the digital method (n=96). The digital group was divided into three groups: TRIOS 3 (n=32), Omnicam (n=32) and CS 3600 (n=32). These these groups were subdivided according to the scanning direction (n=16), and each scan was superimposed to the digital reference cast to measure the trueness and precision of the procedures. Results: The overall precision values for the type of impression were 59.89 ± 13.08 μm for conventional and 13.42 ± 4.28 μm for digital (p <0.05); the values for trueness were 49.37 ± 19.13 μm for conventional and 53.53 ± 4.97 μm for digital (p >0,05); the scanning direction trueness values were 53.05 ± 4.36 μm for continuous and 54.03 ± 5.52 μm for segmented (p >0,05); and the precision values were 14.18 ± 4.67 μm for continuous and 12.67 ± 3.75 μm for segmented (p> 0.05). For the scanner type, the trueness values were 50.06 ± 2.65 μm for Trios 3, 57.45 ± 4.63 μm for Omnicam, and 52.57 ± 4.65 μm for CS 3600 (p >0,05); and those for precision were 11.7 ± 2.07 μm for Trios 3, 10.09 ± 2.24 μm for Omnicam, and 18.49 ± 2.42 μm for CS 3600 (p <0.05). Conclusions: The digital impression method is the most favorable method regarding precision; in terms of trueness, there are no differences between the types of impressions.
Books on the topic "Conventional impression"
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Krakovitch, Odile. Les impressions de la Convention nationale 1792-an IV: Inventaire analytique des articles AD XVIIIc 208-357. Paris: Archives nationales, 1997.
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Auyoung, Elaine. Organizing Things in Dickens. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190845476.003.0004.
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This chapter demonstrates how the organization of narrative information can shape a reader’s impression of what is represented. It focuses on two ways in which concrete objects are arranged in Charles Dickens’s Bleak House: as specific members of general categories and as part of causally connected narrative structures. Dickens relies on these representational strategies to capture a scale of reality no longer suited to the individual human body. In doing so, he also reveals that the realist novel’s conventional commitment to individual experience at the scale of concrete particulars reflects constraints on the comprehension process.
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Lenman, Bruce P. Conclusion: Servicing Early-Modern European Sovereignties. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781845861209.003.0013.
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To assess the significance for European states of the impressive range of activities undertaken by early-modern military engineers one has to look at two historical debates. The first is what is meant by ‘the state’ in this era. In the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, populist nationalisms used state structures to compete for territory with one another. They also used the coercive capacity of the state to impose a particular sense of national identity on the populations they controlled, eradicating alternative identities, and propagating myths that projected their sense of identity back to remote antiquity. The Chief End of Man was seen as the creation and extension of a centralised, interventionist state designed to defend the interests, redress the wrongs, and reinforce the identity, rightly understood, of ‘the nation’. Tempted by reductionism, historians have concentrated on a few states seen conventionally as ‘first-class powers’ and precursors of modern nation states, despite the fact that early-modern Europe was a dense network of sovereignties, some tiny; others like Venice or Bavaria never leading European powers but significant ones within specific contexts....
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Bouteneff, Peter C., Jeffers Engelhardt, and Robert Saler, eds. Arvo Pärt. Fordham University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5422/fordham/9780823289752.001.0001.
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Scholarly writing on the music of Arvo Pärt is situated primarily in the fields of musicology, cultural and media studies, and, more recently, in terms of theology/spirituality. Arvo Pärt: Sounding the Sacred focuses on the representational dimensions of Pärt’s music (including the trope of silence), writing and listening past the fact that its storied effects and affects are carried first and foremost as vibrations through air, impressing themselves on the human body. In response, this ambitiously interdisciplinary volume asks: What of sound and materiality as embodiments of the sacred, as historically specific artifacts, and as elements of creation deeply linked to the human sensorium in Pärt studies? In taking up these questions, the book “de-Platonizes” Pärt studies by demystifying the notion of a single “Pärt sound.” It offers innovative, critical analyses of the historical contexts of Pärt’s experimentation, medievalism, and diverse creative work; it re-sounds the acoustic, theological, and representational grounds of silence in Pärt’s music; it listens with critical openness to the intersections of theology, sacred texts, and spirituality in Pärt’s music; and it positions sensing, performing bodies at the center of musical experience. Building on the conventional score-, biography-, and media-based approaches, this volume reframes Pärt studies around the materiality of sound, its sacredness, and its embodied resonances within secular spaces.
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Athanassaki, Lucia, and Frances Titchener, eds. Plutarch's Cities. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192859914.001.0001.
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This volume is the first comprehensive attempt to assess the significance of the polis in Plutarch’s works from several perspectives, namely the polis as a physical entity, a lived experience and a source of inspiration, the polis as a historical and sociopolitical unit, the polis as a theoretical construct and paradigm to think with. The book’s multifocal and multi-perspectival examination of Plutarch’s cities—past and present, real and ideal—yields some remarkable corrections of his conventional image. Plutarch was neither an antiquarian nor a philosopher of the desk. He was not oblivious to his surroundings but had a keen interest in painting, sculpture, monuments, and inscriptions, about which he acquired impressive knowledge in order to help him understand and reconstruct the past. Cult and ritual proved equally fertile for Plutarch’s visual imagination. Whereas historiography was the backbone of his reconstruction of the past and evaluation of the present, material culture, cult, and ritual were also sources of inspiration to enliven past and present alike. Plato’s descriptions of Athenian houses and the Attic landscape were also a source of inspiration, but Plutarch clearly did his own research, based on autopsy and on oral and written sources. Plutarch, Plato’s disciple and Apollo’s priest, was on balance a pragmatist. He did not resist the temptation to contemplate the ideal city, but he wrote much more about real cities, as he experienced or imagined them.
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Penrose, Angela. No Ordinary Woman. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198753940.001.0001.
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Edith Penrose was a creative thinker, a distinguished economist, and an inspirational teacher who profoundly challenged the prevailing orthodoxy in several fields, including micro-economics, business studies, and development economics. Her major contribution to the field of economics was The Theory of the Growth of the Firm (1959), now regarded as a classic that has ‘inspired thinking in strategy, entrepreneurship, knowledge creation, and innovation’. Edith Penrose’s approach to explaining the nature of the firm, her fundamental insights, and the concepts she developed are still being applied and extended to new fields of enquiry. She has had a major influence on the study of the business enterprise and, some argue, the economy itself. She had a distinguished academic and public service career and wrote over 100 books and articles, many of which are devoted to the understanding of the interface between the strategies and activities of multinational enterprises, including the oil industry, and the nation states—particularly the developing countries—in which they operated. This is the first biography of Edith Penrose drawing on unpublished diaries and letters, the personal memories of her family, friends, and colleagues, and describes her eventful life, her extensive output, and influence. The book tells her personal and professional story, weaving through the extraordinary upheavals of the twentieth century in which she played a part. The book builds a picture of a vital, energetic woman who lived life to the full, defied convention, made an impression on all who met her, and left a significant intellectual legacy.
Book chapters on the topic "Conventional impression"
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Nguyen, Huy H., Junichi Yamagishi, and Isao Echizen. "Capsule-Forensics Networks for Deepfake Detection." In Handbook of Digital Face Manipulation and Detection, 275–301. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87664-7_13.
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AbstractSeveral sophisticated convolutional neural network (CNN) architectures have been devised that have achieved impressive results in various domains. One downside of this success is the advent of attacks using deepfakes, a family of tools that enable anyone to use a personal computer to easily create fake videos of someone from a short video found online. Several detectors have been introduced to deal with such attacks. To achieve state-of-the-art performance, CNN-based detectors have usually been upgraded by increasing their depth and/or their width, adding more internal connections, or fusing several features or predicted probabilities from multiple CNNs. As a result, CNN-based detectors have become bigger, consume more memory and computation power, and require more training data. Moreover, there is concern about their generalizability to deal with unseen manipulation methods. In this chapter, we argue that our forensic-oriented capsule network overcomes these limitations and is more suitable than conventional CNNs to detect deepfakes. The superiority of our “Capsule-Forensics” network is due to the use of a pretrained feature extractor, statistical pooling layers, and a dynamic routing algorithm. This design enables the Capsule-Forensics network to outperform a CNN with a similar design and to be from 5 to 11 times smaller than a CNN with similar performance.
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Sakurai, Yoshitaka, Rainer Knauf, Takashi Kawabe, and Setsuo Tsuruta. "Adaptive Kansei Search Method Using User’s Subjective Criterion Deviation." In Intelligent Computer Vision and Image Processing, 14–26. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-3906-5.ch002.
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Sensibility-vectors (kansei-vectors) are useful for retrieving objects like pictures, music, perfumes, and apparels on the Internet. The sensibility-vector is an array of values, each indicating a degree of feeling or impression represented as sensibility word or kansei word. However, even such an approach leaves a gap between user’s subjective sensibility (image, feeling) value and the corresponding one stored in the database. This paper proposes a search method to automatically and adaptively decrease such gaps by estimating a subjective criterion deviation (SCD) of the user’s search histories and fuzzy modeling. Conventional methods need tests and questionnaires beforehand to infer user’s individual sensibility to his or her instinct or impression. The proposed method automatically decreases such gaps without users’ burden caused by such conventional methods as requiring questionnaires. Moreover, this method reflects the dynamic changes in user’s preferences. Namely, this method does not need to know user’s preferences beforehand with questionnaires. An experiment was conducted by building and using a perfume search system. Experimental data results showed that the proposed method is effective.
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Brenner, Philip S. "How Religious Identity Shapes Survey Responses." In Faithful Measures. NYU Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479875214.003.0002.
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This chapter reviews recent research on the measurement of religious behaviors, particularly the overreporting of religious service attendance on surveys. Conventional understandings of this survey error apply a theoretical explanation known as “impression management.” According to this explanation, the respondent exaggerates his or her frequency of religious service attendance to a survey interviewer in order to appear socially desirable. Thus, this approach suggests, self-administered surveys, like those completed by mail or web, will allow unbiased measurement. However, recent research has demonstrated that substantial and significant bias emerges even in self-administered surveys, calling into question this conventional understanding. This research has thus proposed that error in religious measures is founded in the identity processes, an explanation that better fits the findings. The chapter argues that religious respondents pragmatically interpret questions about behaviors to be instead about their identities as religious individuals.
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Christoforou, Maria, Eftychia Xerou, and Salomi Papadima-Sophocleous. "Integrating a virtual reality application to simulate situated learning experiences in a foreign language course." In CALL and complexity – short papers from EUROCALL 2019, 82–87. Research-publishing.net, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.14705/rpnet.2019.38.990.
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Immersion through Virtual Reality (VR) gives the subjective impression that the learner has a realistic experience (Dede, 2009). The pedagogical potential of VR provides the means of enabling constructivist places of contextualised learning. This paper aims to examine the potential the VR application Mondly may have to maximise interactivity and aid learners in proactively experiencing empirical conversations that emulate authentic contexts. The research took place in an undergraduate course Italian I (A1, Common European Framework of Reference for languages), offered by the Cyprus University of Technology. The present study adopts a quasi-experimental design to evaluate the impact of Mondly on Italian learning. Digital material is incorporated into the lesson to promote contextualised learning. An experimental group is subjected to learning through Mondly whereas a control group is subjected to conventional lectures utilising the same material as the experimental group.
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Rowland, Daniel B. "Moscow—The Third Rome or the New Israel?" In God, Tsar, and People, 155–87. Cornell University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501752094.003.0007.
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This chapter reviews recent events in the former Soviet Union that have stimulated the rethinking of many previously axiomatic notions about the past and present of Russia. It also looks at situations in Russia that created a propitious environment for the famous idea that sixteenth-century Russians thought of themselves as inhabitants of “the Third Rome.” It also explains how the Third Rome helped to create the impression that Muscovite Russia was exotic and expansionist, a worthy predecessor of the evil empire that occupied people's attention in the 1980s and before. The chapter cites the flaws of the conventional notion that the Third Rome theory is an early justification for Russian expansionism. It points out the relative scarcity of evidence for the Third Rome theme in Muscovite sources, especially in sources that originated before the 1590s.
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Thomas, Edmund. "Introduction." In Monumentality and the Roman Empire. Oxford University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199288632.003.0008.
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Roman buildings are among the most impressive and conspicuous legacies of the ancient world. To the millions who visit their ruins and reconstructed forms every year they are an absorbing and fascinating sight, not only because of their physical size and beauty as works of art, but for their historical value as a suggestive reminder of the past. For Edward Gibbon, these architectural remains were evidence of cultural and economic prosperity and supported his conclusion that: ‘[i]f a man were called to fix the period during which the condition of the human race was most happy and prosperous, he would without hesitation name that which elapsed from the death of Domitian [AD 96] to the accession of Commodus [AD 180].’ Since Gibbon’s time, excavation and scholarly analysis have reinforced this impression. Most regions within the Roman Empire have produced archaeological evidence of imposing buildings from this period. Foundations, scattered finds of building materials and architectural decoration, and building inscriptions, together suggest that the volume of buildings erected at this time was substantially greater than the surviving structures might suggest. This book is about Roman monumental architecture erected under the Antonine emperors, particularly during the reigns of Antoninus Pius (AD 138–61) and Marcus Aurelius (AD 161–80). Although there have been many individual regional and site studies, there has never been a general synthesis which evaluates the architecture of the Antonine period as a whole in the light of the increasing quantity of evidence. The present book does not aim to provide that synthesis in the manner of a conventional art-historical analysis of forms and styles. Nor does it set out to analyse the technologies and materials of Roman buildings, the logistics or practicalities of their construction, or the processes of their design, aspects which have been well studied in recent years. It attempts, rather, to consider the significance of the architecture of this period for contemporaries. Its focus is the question of architectural meaning. In the ancient world, buildings were not only a backdrop and setting for social interaction but also a form of social language.
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Thomas, Edmund. "Principles of Monumental Form in Antiquity." In Monumentality and the Roman Empire. Oxford University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199288632.003.0010.
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Roman buildings are among the most impressive and conspicuous legacies of the ancient world. To the millions who visit their ruins and reconstructed forms every year they are an absorbing and fascinating sight, not only because of their physical size and beauty as works of art, but for their historical value as a suggestive reminder of the past. For Edward Gibbon, these architectural remains were evidence of cultural and economic prosperity and supported his conclusion that: ‘[i]f a man were called to fix the period during which the condition of the human race was most happy and prosperous, he would without hesitation name that which elapsed from the death of Domitian [AD 96] to the accession of Commodus [AD 180].’ Since Gibbon’s time, excavation and scholarly analysis have reinforced this impression. Most regions within the Roman Empire have produced archaeological evidence of imposing buildings from this period. Foundations, scattered finds of building materials and architectural decoration, and building inscriptions, together suggest that the volume of buildings erected at this time was substantially greater than the surviving structures might suggest. This book is about Roman monumental architecture erected under the Antonine emperors, particularly during the reigns of Antoninus Pius (AD 138–61) and Marcus Aurelius (AD 161–80). Although there have been many individual regional and site studies, there has never been a general synthesis which evaluates the architecture of the Antonine period as a whole in the light of the increasing quantity of evidence. The present book does not aim to provide that synthesis in the manner of a conventional art-historical analysis of forms and styles. Nor does it set out to analyse the technologies and materials of Roman buildings, the logistics or practicalities of their construction, or the processes of their design, aspects which have been well studied in recent years. It attempts, rather, to consider the significance of the architecture of this period for contemporaries. Its focus is the question of architectural meaning. In the ancient world, buildings were not only a backdrop and setting for social interaction but also a form of social language.
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Stone, David. "Interpreting a Design." In European Union Design Law. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198719298.003.0009.
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In many cases, the tribunal is asked to assess the overall impression created on the informed user, not of a physical product made to the design, but rather a drawing, photograph, or other image (or series of drawings, photographs, or other images), which, in many cases, will have been crafted using various conventions such as dotted lines and shading.
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Celuch, Krzysztof. "The Business Environment of Destination Marketing." In The Business and Management of Convention and Visitor Bureaus. Goodfellow Publishers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23912/9781911396796-4363.
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Marketing is the process of creating, communicating and delivering offers which prove valuable to the customers, clients, partners and community focused around a given brand, product, service, person, event or place. It is the process consisting of the identification, prediction and delivery of the strategic benefits expected by the recipients as well as the management of profit-generating relations with clients. Destination marketing is a realisation of the process in relation to a selected geographical unit and, at the same time, a market concept of managing the said unit. Activities undertaken within the destination marketing strategy may be aimed at improving the image of a given territory and increasing its recognisability, developing specific features of its social and economic life, and influencing opinions, attitudes and behaviours of external and internal groups of stakeholders by shaping appropriate set of means and instruments for the stimulation of trade-off relations. These activities result in creating the image of a destination, that is a set of impressions and interpretations spontaneously connected with a given stimulus (physical or social) which brings on appropriate associations with the place in question.
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Angelika, Nussberger. "5 Judgments and Efficacy." In The European Court of Human Rights. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198849643.003.0005.
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This chapter evaluates the efficacy of the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR). On the one hand, the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) system has had an amazing success in building up a constitutional order in Europe defining common values. Significant changes in the laws of all Member States were made; individual human rights violations were effectively remedied. On the other hand, Europe is far from being a human rights paradise. Even an average observer of daily news cannot avoid having the impression that in some States even the most basic human rights are not effectively guaranteed and that some so-called ‘democracies’ hide their disdain for individual rights behind lip services and promises to abide by the Convention, but in reality use membership in the Council of Europe only as a tool in foreign relations. The chapter then identifies the roles played by the Committee of Ministers, NGOs, and the Court in executing judgments on human rights violations. Article 46 para 1 ECHR obliges the parties to abide by the final judgment of the Court in any case to which they are parties. In line with the general rules of State responsibility, the Court interprets the obligations arising out of Convention violations as threefold: ‘to cease the breach, to make reparation for it and ensure non-repetition of similar violations in the future’.
Conference papers on the topic "Conventional impression"
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Govorko, Danijela Kalibovic, Benjamin Benzon, Antonija Jurela, Gordana Paic Karega, Ivna Vukovic Kekez, Dora Mimica, Ivana Medvedec Mikic, Livia Cigic, and Katarina Vukojevic. "Conventional vs. Digital dental impression: practitioner’s and patient’s perspective-a pilot study." In 2019 4th International Conference on Smart and Sustainable Technologies (SpliTech). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/splitech.2019.8783139.
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Băcilă, Bogdan Ioan, and Hyunkook Lee. "Subjective Elicitation Of Listener-Perspective-Dependent Spatial Attributes in a Rerverberant Room, using the Repertory Grid Technique." In ICAD 2019: The 25th International Conference on Auditory Display. Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom: Department of Computer and Information Sciences, Northumbria University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.21785/icad2019.073.
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Spatial impression is a widely researched topic in concert hall acoustics and spatial audio display. In order to provide the listener with plausible spatial impression in virtual and augmented reality applications, especially in the 6 Degrees of Freedom (6DOF) context, it is first important to understand how humans perceive various acoustical cues from different listening perspectives in a real space. This paper presents a fundamental subjective study conducted on the perception of spatial impression for multiple listener positions and orientations. An in-situ elicitation test was carried out using the repertory grid technique in a reverberant concert hall. Cluster analysis revealed a number of conventional spatial attributes such as source width, environmental width and envelopment. However, reverb directionality and echo perception were also found to be salient spatial properties associated with changes in the listener’s position and head orientation.
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Akiyama, Ryo, Takuya Mori, Hideki Aoyama, and Tetsuo Oya. "Study on Method to Generate Wood Grain Pattern Representing Required Impression." In ASME 2013 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2013-12508.
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Various approaches for generating wood grain patterns using computer graphics have been proposed so far. However, with such conventional methods, it is difficult to reproduce real wood grain patterns, as well as design wood grain patterns with impressions that reflect customer needs. This paper proposes a new approach for generating wood grain patterns. For instance, it can generate virtual trees by simulating tree growth taking into consideration environmental conditions, model fine tree tissues and reflection properties at the wood surface, etc. By applying these modeled factors, more diverse and accurate wood grain patterns can be generated. The authors also propose a method of controlling the grain patterns generated based on Kansei to realize grain patterns that meet customer needs. By building the basic system of the proposed method, various grain patterns could be generated, and grain pattern impressions controlled.
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Wei, Xi, Vadim Utkin, Giorgio Rizzoni, and Lino Guzzella. "Model-Based Fuel Optimal Control of Hybrid Electric Vehicle Using Variable Structure Control Systems." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-59327.
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Hybrid electric vehicles provide promising alternatives to conventional engine-powered vehicles, offering improvements in fuel economy and emissions. Realization of these benefits depends, in part, upon proper control of the vehicle. This paper examines a variable structure control which switches between two operating points. The resulting sliding optimal control provides a better energy management strategy than that obtained conventionally from Pontryagin’s minimum principle. One of the operating points is zero engine power, thus the sliding optimal control is referred to as engine start-stop. Contrary to the general impression that the engine should stop at low speeds or during decelerations, new studies show that engine start-stop also improves fuel economy during highway cruising. The main contribution of this paper is to show that this “duty-cycle” operation mode is indeed optimal. The main tool used in the proof is Pontryagin’s minimum principle.
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Kim, Daehyeon, Youngjin Kim, Jimin Park, Hyeongrae Kim, Juyeon Kim, and Dongho Oh. "Individual Drive Cross-Coupled Control System to Compensate for Measurement Error for Roll-to-Roll Contact Pressure Uniformization." In ASME 2021 30th Conference on Information Storage and Processing Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isps2021-64689.
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Abstract Commercialization of printed electronics products requires uniform line width and thickness of the print pattern, which can be accomplished only by uniformization of the contact pressure in the roll-to-roll processs [1]. The conventional contact pressure control system has limitations in compensation, because the indirect measurement of the contact pressure performed by using the load cell generates time-delay error and magnitude error. In this study, a transfer function between the load cell signals and the actual contact pressure is derived to calculate the measurement time-delay, and the error was compensated by using a time-delay predictor. In addition, individual drive cross-coupled control system with time-delay compensator is designed in consideration of the effect that two servo motors have on the pressure on the other side of the impression roll to perform contact pressure uniformization.
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Yanagisawa, Hideyoshi, Tamotsu Murakami, Shogo Noguchi, Koichi Ohtomi, and Rika Hosaka. "Quantification Method of Diverse Kansei Quality for Emotional Design: Application of Product Sound Design." In ASME 2007 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2007-34627.
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This paper proposes a quantification method of a product’s emotional quality, which we call kansei quality, with attention paid to its diversity to support the affective design. The customer’s sensitivity towards such a quality differs from person to person due to perception gaps and ambiguity. The proposed method helps the designer to grasp such diverse sensitivities of customers. In contrast to the conventional approach that aims to generalize human sensitivity using average results of sensory tests, the proposed method divides an emotional quality based on differences among the customers’ sensitivity. We apply the proposed method for designing a machine sound in which the designer deals with the sound quality as a kansei quality. We carry out an impression evaluation experiment on human subjects using existing product sounds. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the method, we compare the proposed method with the conventional approach using experimental results. The comparison results show the advantages of the method, such as the avoidance of meaningless average data caused by canceling out multiple different sensitivities. Based on the proposed method, we developed a prototype system that enables the designer to evaluate the kansei qualities of a created sound without conducting a sensory test.
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Yoshida, Hideo. "Wide Variety of Possible Applications of Micro-Thermofluid Control." In ASME 2004 2nd International Conference on Microchannels and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icmm2004-2327.
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The possible applications of micro-thermofluid control are overviewed, mainly on the basis of the total of seventeen proceedings of IEEE International Workshops or Conferences on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems held since 1987. The contents consist of three aspects. The first is thermofluid control in microsystems; particularly, the attention is focused on the various types of micropumps. The second is thermofluid control in miniaturized thermofluid machines such as a microturbine and a microcooler. The third is micro-thermofluid control for conventional-sized flow phenomena such as turbulent shear flows and a flapping-wing micro-aerial vehicle. The author stresses that, in this field, considerable advances have been achieved by relatively young researchers with various backgrounds other than the classical theromofluid dynamics, and many challenging works are in progress which will lead to new possibilities in the field of thermofluid dynamics. Also, the author has gained the impression that the researchers’ byword has recently changed from “what can MEMS research do?” to “what should MEMS research do?”
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Zhang, Yang, Dong Wang, Qiang Li, Yue Shen, Ziqi Liu, Xiaodong Zeng, Zhiqiang Zhang, Jinjie Gu, and Derek F. Wong. "User Retention: A Causal Approach with Triple Task Modeling." In Thirtieth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-21}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2021/468.
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For many Internet companies, it has been an important focus to improve user retention rate. To achieve this goal, we need to recommend proper services in order to meet the demands of users. Unlike conventional click-through rate (CTR) estimation, there are lots of noise in the collected data when modeling retention, caused by two major issues: 1) implicit impression-revisit effect: users could revisit the APP even if they do not explicitly interact with the recommender system; 2) selection bias: recommender system suffers from selection bias caused by user's self-selection. To address the above challenges, we propose a novel method named UR-IPW (User Retention Modeling with Inverse Propensity Weighting), which 1) makes full use of both explicit and implicit interactions in the observed data. 2) models revisit rate estimation from a causal perspective accounting for the selection bias problem. The experiments on both offline and online environments from different scenarios demonstrate the superiority of UR-IPW over previous methods. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work to model user retention by estimating the revisit rate from a causal perspective.
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Hyde, T. H., C. J. Hyde, and W. Sun. "A Basis for Selecting the Most Appropriate Small Specimen Creep Test Type." In ASME 2012 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2012-78463.
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Many components in conventional and nuclear power plant, aero-engines, chemical plant etc, operate at temperatures which are high enough for creep to occur. These include plain pipes, pipe bends, branched pipes etc; the manufacture of such components may also require welds to be inserted in them. In most cases, only nominal operating conditions (i.e. pressure, temperatures, system load etc) are known and hence precise life predictions are not possible. Also, the proportion of life consumed will vary from position to position within a component and the plant. Hence, non-destructive techniques are adopted to assist in making decisions on whether to repair, continue operating or scrap certain components. One such approach is to use scoop samples removed from the components to make small creep test specimens, i.e., sub-size uniaxial creep test specimens, impression creep test specimens, small punch creep test specimens and small ring creep test specimens. Each specimen type has its own unique advantages and disadvantages and it may not be obvious which one is the most appropriate test method to use. This paper gives a brief description of each specimen and associated test type and describes their practical limitations. The suitability of each of the methods for determining “bulk” material properties is described and it is shown that an appropriate test type can be chosen.
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Baumann, Jenny, Ulrich Rist, Martin Rose, Tobias Ries, and Stephan Staudacher. "Actuated Transition in an LP Turbine Laminar Separation: An Experimental Approach." In ASME 2011 Turbo Expo: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2011-45852.
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The reduction of blade counts in the LP turbine is one possibility to cut down weight and therewith costs. At low Reynolds numbers the suction side laminar boundary layer of high lift LP turbine blades tends to separate and hence cause losses in turbine performance. To limit these losses, the control of laminar separation bubbles has been the subject of many studies in recent years. A project is underway at the University of Stuttgart that aims to suppress laminar separation at low Reynolds numbers (60,000) by means of actuated transition. In an experiment a separating flow is influenced by disturbances, small in amplitude and of a certain frequency, which are introduced upstream of the separation point. Small existing disturbances are therewith amplified, leading to earlier transition and a more stable boundary layer. The separation bubble thus gets smaller without need of a high air mass flow as for steady blowing or pulsed vortex generating jets. Frequency and amplitude are the parameters of actuation. The non-dimensional actuation frequency is varied from 0.2 to 0.5, whereas the normalized amplitude is altered between 5, 10 and 25% of the free stream velocity. Experimental investigations are made by means of PIV and hot wire measurements. Disturbed flow fields will be compared to an undisturbed one. The effectiveness of the presented boundary layer control will be compared to those of conventional ones. Phase-logged data will give an impression of the physical processes in the actuated flow.
Reports on the topic "Conventional impression"
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Cajas, María Augusta, Marcela Cabrera, Jaime Astudillo, Yulissa Abad, and Daniela Astudillo. Accuracy in marginal and/or internal adaptation of full-coverage fixed prostheses made with digital versus conventional impressions: an overview of systematic reviews and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.10.0024.
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Review question / Objective: Is the accuracy (marginal adaptation and / or internal adaptation) of fixed full coverage prostheses made with digital impressions better than conventional impressions? Eligibility criteria: Inclusion criteria• Systematic reviews and / or meta-analyzes that evaluated the precision (marginal adaptation and / or internal adaptation) of full coverage fixed prostheses on natural teeth in clinical studies and on tooth replicas in in vitro studies.• Systematic reviews and / or meta-analyzes comparing digital impressions with an intraoral scanner versus conventional impressions taken with any impression material.• Systematic reviews and / or meta-analyzes of randomized clinical trials (RCTs), prospective comparative and in vitro and non-randomized clinical trials.Exclusion criteria:• Systematic literature reviews, case reports, pilot studies• Studies evaluating the seating of crowns on implants and partial restorations• Studies with no response from the author to the requested information query.