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Journal articles on the topic 'Conventional polyol'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Lumcharoen, Duangphon, and Onusa Saravari. "Preparation and Characterization of Flexible Polyurethane Foams from Palm Oil-Based Polyol." Advanced Materials Research 911 (March 2014): 352–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.911.352.

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Flexible polyurethane (PU) foams were prepared by replacing commercial petroleum-based polyether polyol with palm oil-based polyol up to 50 wt%. Palm oil was converted to polyol by transesterification reaction with glycerol using calcium oxide as a catalyst. PU foams were then prepared from reaction between mixtures of palm oil-based polyol and petrochemical polyols with toluene diisocyanate (TDI) using water as blowing agent. The morphology and physical-mechanical properties including apparent density, indentation hardness, compressive deflection coefficient or support factor, tensile strengt

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Dzido, Grzegorz, Aleksandra Smolska, and Muhammad Omer Farooq. "Rapid Synthesis of Silver Nanowires in the Polyol Process with Conventional and Microwave Heating." Applied Sciences 13, no. 8 (2023): 4963. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13084963.

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Silver nanowires (AgNWs) represent an excellent material for many advanced applications due to their thermal and electrical properties. However, synthesising materials with the desired characteristics requires knowledge of the parameters affecting their size and an appropriate fabrication method. This paper presents a study on the synthesis of silver nanowires using the polyol process by conventional and microwave heating. Various polyols (1,2-ethanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol) with different viscosities and dielectric properties were used as reductan

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3

Lubczak, Jacek, Renata Lubczak, Ewelina Chmiel-Bator, and Marzena Szpiłyk. "Polyols and Polyurethane Foams Obtained from Mixture of Metasilicic Acid and Cellulose." Polymers 14, no. 19 (2022): 4039. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14194039.

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Hydroxyalkylation of the mixture of metasilicic acid and cellulose with glycidol and ethylene carbonate leads to a polyol suitable to obtain rigid polyurethane foams. The composition, structure, and physical properties of the polyol were studied in detail. The obtained foams have apparent density, water absorption, and polymerization shrinkage, as well as heat conduction coefficients similar to conventional, rigid polyurethane foams. The polyols and foams obtained from environmentally unobtrusive substrates are easily biodegradable. Additionally, the obtained foams have high thermal resistance

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Kairytė, Agnė, Arūnas Kremensas, Giedrius Balčiūnas, Sylwia Członka, and Anna Strąkowska. "Closed Cell Rigid Polyurethane Foams Based on Low Functionality Polyols: Research of Dimensional Stability and Standardised Performance Properties." Materials 13, no. 6 (2020): 1438. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13061438.

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Currently, polyurethane foam producers come across the several problems when petroleum-based polyols are replaced with low functionality biomass, or waste-based, polyols. In addition, the dilemma is intensified with regulations that require full or partial replacement of blowing agents that can cause high ozone depletion with alternatives like water, which causes the formation of CO2. Therefore, these gases diffuse out of the foam so quickly that the polymeric cell walls cannot withstand the pressure, consequently causing huge dimensional changes at ambient temperature and humidity. Even thoug

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Pang, Minhui, Zirui Liu, Hongyan Li, Lina Liang, and Lixia Li. "Effect of Fatty Acids on Vegetable-Oil-Derived Sustainable Polyurethane Coatings for Controlled-Release Fertilizer." Coatings 14, no. 9 (2024): 1183. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings14091183.

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Vegetable-oil-based polyurethane has become a promising sustainable candidate for controlled-release fertilizer based on green chemistry. The purpose of this study was to prepare a series of coatings from selective feedstocks including five vegetable oils with a high saturation degree, mono-unsaturation degree, or poly-unsaturation degree, considering that vegetable oil fatty acids played a key role in the synthesis of polyol and polyurethane. The effect of the type and proportion of fatty acids on the physicochemical properties, microstructure, and macro-properties of vegetable-oil-derived po

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Dingcong, Roger G., Daryl B. Radjac, Fortia Louise Adeliene M. Alfeche, et al. "An Iterative Method for the Simulation of Rice Straw-Based Polyol Hydroxyl Moieties." Sustainability 15, no. 15 (2023): 12082. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151512082.

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Bio-derived polyol products have gained global interest as a green and sustainable substitute for fossil-based polyols in a diverse range of polyurethane (PU) applications. According to previous studies, PU properties are highly influenced by the reaction kinetics during their formation. One major factor affecting this is the reactivity of their polyol’s functional hydroxyl moieties that are classified as primary, secondary, and hindered-secondary. However, experimental quantitative characterization of these polyol hydroxyl moieties remains a challenge in the field due to various factors affec

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Inose, Tomoko, Shuichi Toyouchi, Gang Lu, et al. "Water-mediated polyol synthesis of pencil-like sharp silver nanowires suitable for nonlinear plasmonics." Chemical Communications 55, no. 77 (2019): 11630–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9cc04743c.

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Amundarain, Izotz, Rafael Miguel-Fernández, Asier Asueta, Sara García-Fernández, and Sixto Arnaiz. "Synthesis of Rigid Polyurethane Foams Incorporating Polyols from Chemical Recycling of Post-Industrial Waste Polyurethane Foams." Polymers 14, no. 6 (2022): 1157. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14061157.

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The preparation and characteristics of rigid polyurethane foams (RPUFs) synthesized from polyols obtained by glycolysis of post-industrial waste RPUFs have been studied. More precisely, waste rigid foams that have been chemically recycled by glycolysis in this work are industrially produced pieces for housing and bracket applications. The glycolysis products have been purified by vacuum distillation. The physicochemical properties of the polyols, such as hydroxyl value, acid value, average molecular weight (Mn) and viscosity have been analyzed. The chemical structure and thermal stability of t

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9

Ghifari, Alvien, Dang Xuan Long, Seonhyoung Kim, Brian Ma, and Jongin Hong. "Transparent Platinum Counter Electrode Prepared by Polyol Reduction for Bifacial, Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells." Nanomaterials 10, no. 3 (2020): 502. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10030502.

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Pt catalytic nanoparticles on F-doped SnO2/glass substrates were prepared by polyol reduction below 200 °C. The polyol reduction resulted in better transparency of the counter electrode and high power-conversion efficiency (PCE) of the resultant dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) compared to conventional thermal reduction. The PCEs of the DSSCs with 5 μm-thick TiO2 photoanodes were 6.55% and 5.01% under front and back illumination conditions, respectively. The back/front efficiency ratio is very promising for efficient bifacial DSSCs.

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Chen, Tao, Lingjuan Lv, Yuanzhi Chen, and Peng Bai. "A comprehensive economic optimization methodology of divided wall columns for biopolyol separation." Royal Society Open Science 7, no. 4 (2020): 191748. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.191748.

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Global energetic and environmental crises have attracted worldwide attention in recent years. Biomass is an important direction of development for limiting greenhouse gas emissions and replacing fossil fuel. As downstream products of biomass, some industrially valuable polyols are costly to separate via conventional distillation due to their near volatility. The use of fully heat-integrated divided wall columns (DWCs), which carry energy and equipment investment savings, is a promising technique for purifying biopolyol products. However, the design of DWCs is complex because of the greater fre

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Neswati, Neswati, and Kurnia Harlina Dewi. "Degradation Assessment of Flexible Polyurethane Foam Composites Based on Palm Oil in Soil." Chemistry & Chemical Technology 18, no. 4 (2024): 558–66. https://doi.org/10.23939/chcht18.04.558.

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This paper presents information on a comparison of the degradation of a flexible palm oil-based polyurethane foam with a commercial flexible polyurethane foam (control) in soil over a period of 30 days. The sample used in this study was a composite polyurethane foam containing about 50-60% palm oil polyol and has characteristics similar to conventional polyurethane foam. The novelty of this study is to investigate the degradation rate of a composite flexible polyurethane foam with a palm oil polyol content of 50-60%. As a result of the study, an environmentally friendly formulation of composit

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Lee, Min Seong, Yeong Jun Choi, Su-Jeong Bak, Mingyu Son, Jeehoon Shin, and Duck Hyun Lee. "Polyol-Mediated Synthesis of V2O5–WO3/TiO2 Catalysts for Low-Temperature Selective Catalytic Reduction with Ammonia." Nanomaterials 12, no. 20 (2022): 3644. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12203644.

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We demonstrated highly efficient selective catalytic reduction catalysts by adopting the polyol process, and the prepared catalysts exhibited a high nitrogen oxide (NOX) removal efficiency of 96% at 250 °C. The V2O5 and WO3 catalyst nanoparticles prepared using the polyol process were smaller (~10 nm) than those prepared using the impregnation method (~20 nm), and the small catalyst size enabled an increase in surface area and catalytic acid sites. The NOX removal efficiencies at temperatures between 200 and 250 °C were enhanced by approximately 30% compared to those of the catalysts prepared

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Shin, Se-Ra, Van Dung Mai, and Dai-Soo Lee. "Chemical Recycling of Used Printed Circuit Board Scraps: Recovery and Utilization of Organic Products." Processes 7, no. 1 (2019): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr7010022.

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The disposal of end-of-life printed circuit boards (PCBs) comprising cross-linked brominated epoxy resins, glass fiber, and metals has attracted considerable attention from the environmental aspect. In this study, valuable resources, especially organic material, were recovered by the effective chemical recycling of PCBs. Pulverized PCB was depolymerized by glycolysis using polyethylene glycol (PEG 200) with a molecular weight of 200 g/mol under basic conditions. The cross-linked epoxy resins were effectively decomposed into a low-molecular species by glycolysis with PEG 200, followed by the ef

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Sarris, Dimitris, Erminta Tsouko, Maria Kothri, Maria Anagnostou, Eleni Karageorgiou, and Seraphim Papanikolaou. "Upgrading Major Waste Streams Derived from the Biodiesel Industry and Olive Mills via Microbial Bioprocessing with Non-Conventional Yarrowia lipolytica Strains." Fermentation 9, no. 3 (2023): 251. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation9030251.

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This study reports the development of a bioprocess involving the valorization of biodiesel-derived glycerol as the main carbon source for cell proliferation of Yarrowia lipolytica strains and production of metabolic compounds, i.e., citric acid (Cit), polyols, and other bio-metabolites, the substitution of process tap water with olive mill wastewater (OMW) in batch fermentations, and partial detoxification of OMW (up to 31.1% decolorization). Increasing initial phenolics (Phen) of OMW-glycerol blends led to substantial Cit secretion. Maximum Cit values, varying between 64.1–65.1 g/L, combined

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15

Pomilovskis, Ralfs, Inese Mierina, Hynek Beneš, et al. "The Synthesis of Bio-Based Michael Donors from Tall Oil Fatty Acids for Polymer Development." Polymers 14, no. 19 (2022): 4107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14194107.

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In this study, the synthesis of a Michael donor compound from cellulose production by-products—tall oil fatty acids—was developed. The developed Michael donor compounds can be further used to obtain polymeric materials after nucleophilic polymerization through the Michael reaction. It can be a promising alternative method for conventional polyurethane materials, and the Michael addition polymerization reaction takes place under milder conditions than non-isocyanate polyurethane production technology, which requires high pressure, high temperature and a long reaction time. Different polyols, th

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16

Katsuki, Hiroaki, and Sridhar Komarneni. "Microwave-assisted polyol synthesis of Ag powders." Journal of Materials Research 18, no. 4 (2003): 747–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2003.0101.

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Silver metal powders were prepared through reduction of AgNO3 in ethylene glycol using microwave-polyol (M-P) and conventional-polyol (C-P) reactions at 100–200 °C. Powders of Ag were rapidly produced by microwave-assisted reaction at temperatures above 160 °C. The formation yield of Ag powders from AgNO3 reached 97.8% after treatment for 135 min at 140 °C and 98.6% after treatment for 23 min at 160 °C. Compared to the formation of Ag powders using a C-P reaction, a M-P reaction led to increased rate of formation by 6.5 times at 160 °C, 5.2 times at 140 °C, and 3 times at 130 °C. Silver partic

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17

Chen, Xiaoyun, Kshitish A. Patankar, and Matthew Larive. "Monitoring Polyurethane Foaming Reactions Using Near-Infrared Hyperspectral Imaging." Applied Spectroscopy 75, no. 1 (2020): 46–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003702820941877.

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Polyurethane (PU) foams are finding increasingly wider applications ranging from memory foams and mattresses to cushions and insulation materials. They are prepared by reactions between multifunctional isocyanates and polyols as the two main building blocks, along with other additives, including the blowing agents. A non-contact near-infrared (NIR) hyperspectral imaging (HSI) camera was used in this study to monitor PU foaming reactions between a polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanate, polyol, and water. Five foams were prepared with three process variables: water content, mixing time, and

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18

Rajput, Sandip D., Chandrashekhar K. Patil, and Vikas V. Gite. "Fabrication of renewable myristic acid based polyurethane nano zinc phosphate hybrid coatings to mitigate corrosion of mild steel." Pigment & Resin Technology 47, no. 2 (2018): 97–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prt-12-2016-0120.

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Purpose The present study aims to demonstrate the use of renewable source in the preparation of polyurethane (PU) coatings and mitigation of corrosion of mild steel using nano zinc phosphate. Results indicated improvement in the properties of the PU coatings, especially anticorrosive properties by the addition of nano zinc phosphate. Design/methodology/approach Renewable-source-based polyestermyristamide polyol was synthesized using myristic acid as a starting material. The synthesis of polyol was carried by amidation as well as by esterification by a one-pot route. The structure of the prepar

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19

Wen, Jia Jie, Xiao Dong Guo, Ben He Zhong, et al. "Study on the Polyol Synthesis of LiFePO₄ for Lithium Ion Batteries." Advanced Materials Research 335-336 (September 2011): 1303–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.335-336.1303.

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The LiFePO4nanoparticles with high crystallinity were prepared using polyol process without any further heating as a post step, which will greatly economize in time and energy comparing with other conventional synthesis method. The temperature of the polyol solution was rapidly increased up to 550 K and maintained for 24 h in a round-bottomed flask attached to refluxing condenser to obtain nanoparticles. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern was indexed on the basis of orthorhombic olivine-type structure without any unwanted second phase. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the samp

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20

Habibie, Thareq Kemal, Bambang Heru Susanto, and Michaelle Flavin Carli. "Effect of NiMo/Zeolite Catalyst Preparation Method for Bio Jet Fuel Synthesis." E3S Web of Conferences 67 (2018): 02024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20186702024.

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Bio jet fuel is an alternative fuel derived from vegetable oil substitutes for conventional aviation fuel. Bio jet fuel can be synthesize through hydrodeoxygenation and catalytic cracking process pathways that influence by the catalyst. The success rates of bio jet synthesis with catalysts influence by the characteristic and activity of the catalysts. One factor that influence the catalyst characteristic and activity is the preparation method. This study focuses on the preparation method of a catalyst by comparing the conventional method of impregnation and the latest microwave polyol method.

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Raj, Cyril Reuben, S. Suresh, Arijit Upadhyay, K. Akash Govind, and R. Nivethaa. "Binary Mixture of Solid-Solid Phase Change Material: Synthesis, Characterization and Experimental Study." Materials Science Forum 978 (February 2020): 407–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.978.407.

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In this work, a class of polyol solid-solid phase change material where Neopentyl glycol is mixed in 6 and 2 wt.% of Pentaerythritol and was synthesized by physical blending method to obtain homogeneous mixture and thermally cycled for 500 times. The surface morphology, chemical composition, crystal phase identification, thermal degradation, and phase change phenomena were characterized. The phase transition temperatures and enthalpies upon heating and cooling of 6 and 2 wt.% of Pentaerythritol are found to be 43.1 °C, 133 J g-1, and 28.2 °C, 119 J g-1, and 41.2 °C, 121 J g-1, and 28.5 °C, 106

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Pushkareva, Irina V., Artem S. Pushkarev, Valery N. Kalinichenko, et al. "Reduced Graphene Oxide-Supported Pt-Based Catalysts for PEM Fuel Cells with Enhanced Activity and Stability." Catalysts 11, no. 2 (2021): 256. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11020256.

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Platinum (Pt)-based electrocatalysts supported by reduced graphene oxide (RGO) were synthesized using two different methods, namely: (i) a conventional two-step polyol process using RGO as the substrate, and (ii) a modified polyol process implicating the simultaneous reduction of a Pt nanoparticle precursor and graphene oxide (GO). The structure, morphology, and electrochemical performances of the obtained Pt/RGO catalysts were studied and compared with a reference Pt/carbon black Vulcan XC-72 (C) sample. It was shown that the Pt/RGO obtained by the optimized simultaneous reduction process had

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23

Alharshan, Gharam A., Mohamed A. M. Uosif, Rabeea D. Abdel-Rahim, El Sayed Yousef, Essam Ramadan Shaaban, and Adham M. Nagiub. "Developing a Simple, Effective, and Quick Process to Make Silver Nanowires with a High Aspect Ratio." Materials 16, no. 15 (2023): 5501. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16155501.

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A growing number of people are interested in using silver nanowires (AgNWs) as potential transparent and conductive materials. The production of high-performance and high-throughput AgNWs was successfully optimized in this work using a one-step, straightforward, and reproducible modified polyol approach. The factors influencing the morphology of the silver nanowires have undergone extensive research in order to determine the best-optimized approach for producing AgNWs. The best AgNW morphology, with a length of more than 50 m and a diameter of less than 35 nm (aspect ratio is higher than 1700)

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Al-Ani, Enas, David Hill, and Khalid Doudin. "Chlorhexidine Mucoadhesive Buccal Tablets: The Impact of Formulation Design on Drug Delivery and Release Kinetics Using Conventional and Novel Dissolution Methods." Pharmaceuticals 14, no. 6 (2021): 493. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph14060493.

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Oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) is a mucosal infection caused by Candida spp., and it is common among the immunocompromised. This condition is mainly treated using oral antifungals. Chlorhexidine (CHD) is a fungicidal and is available as a mouth wash and oral gel. It is used as an adjuvant in the treatment of OPC due to the low residence time of the current formulations. In this study, its activity was tested against C. albicans biofilm and biocompatibility with the HEK293 human cell line. Then, it was formulated as mucoadhesive hydrogel buccal tablets to extend its activity. Different ratios

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Neff, R. A., and T. M. Marsalko. "Roles of Conventional Polyol and Isocyanate in Humid Aging and Durability of Molded Seating Foam." Journal of Cellular Plastics 35, no. 6 (1999): 492–513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021955x9903500602.

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Carvalho, Kaccnny, Rita M. B. Alves, and Luiz Kulay. "Environmental Performance of Alternative Green Polyol Synthesis Routes: A Proposal for Improvement." Processes 9, no. 7 (2021): 1122. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9071122.

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This study verified the environmental effectiveness of potentially less aggressive routes for the synthesis of poly(propylene/ethylene oxide) glycol (PPG). The analysis was developed in two stages. Firstly, the environmental performance of the conventional PPG processing route was compared to alternative variants—vegetal PPG and CO2-based PPG—applying the life cycle assessment technique to measure the primary energy demand, global warming potential, acidification, photochemical oxidation, and freshwater ecotoxicity impact categories. The synthesis of vegetable polyols from bio-based assets, su

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Gu, Xiaohua, Xiaoyao Wang, Tong Wang, et al. "Analysis of Factors Influencing the Efficiency of Catalysts Used in Waste PU Degradation." Polymers 14, no. 24 (2022): 5450. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14245450.

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Polyurethane (PU) is an indispensable part of people’s lives. With the development of polyurethane, the disposal of polyurethane waste has become a significant issue around the world. Conventional degradation catalysts have poor dispersion and low degradation efficiency when used in the process of solid degradation into liquid. Therefore, this paper innovatively adopts self-made core–shell nanoscale titanium catalysis, traditional alkali metal catalyst (KOH), and polyol to carry out the glycolysis of waste polyurethane (PU) pipeline foam. The homogenized nanoscale titanium catalyst coated with

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Chai, Kai Ling, Min Min Aung, Hong Ngee Lim, Ikhwan Syafiq Mohd Noor, Luqman Chuah Abdullah, and Hiroshi Uyama. "Synthesis, Characterisation, and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Study of Green and Sustainable Polyurethane Acrylate from Jatropha Oil Using a Three Step Process." Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology 30, no. 3 (2022): 2127–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.47836/pjst.30.3.21.

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Bio-based polymer is a promising candidate to substitute conventional petroleum-derived polymer as it is sustainably produced from renewable resources, which helps reduce the production process’ carbon footprint. It also helps reduces humankind’s dependability on fossil fuel-based feedstock. In this work, a sustainable jatropha oil-based polyurethane acrylate (PUA) was successfully prepared and synthesised using a 3-steps process; epoxidation (formation of an epoxy group), hydroxylation (addition of–OH group to opened ring), and acrylation (addition of acrylate group into polyol). The yellowis

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Meléndez-González, P. C., E. Garza-Duran, J. C. Martínez-Loyola, P. Quintana-Owen, I. L. Alonso-Lemus, and F. J. Rodríguez-Varela. "Enhanced catalytic activity of low-Pt content nanocatalysts supported on hollow carbon spheres for the ORR in alkaline media." MRS Advances 5, no. 57-58 (2020): 2961–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2020.370.

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In this work, low-Pt content nanocatalysts (≈ 5 wt. %) supported on Hollow Carbon Spheres (HCS) were synthesized by two routes: i) colloidal conventional polyol, and ii) surfactant-free Bromide Anion Exchange (BAE). The nanocatalysts were labelled as Pt/HCS-P and Pt/HCS-B for polyol and BAE, respectively. The physicochemical characterization of the nanocatalysts showed that by following both methods, a good control of chemical composition was achieved, obtaining in addition well dispersed nanoparticles of less than 3 nm TEM average particle size (d) on the HCS. Pt/HCS-B contained more Pt0 spec

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Kim, Jinsil, Pyong Hwa Hong, Kiwon Choi, et al. "A Heterocyclic Polyurethane with Enhanced Self-Healing Efficiency and Outstanding Recovery of Mechanical Properties." Polymers 12, no. 4 (2020): 968. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12040968.

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A functional polyurethane based on the heterocyclic group was synthesized and its self-healing and mechanical properties were examined. To synthesize a heterocyclic polyurethane, a polyol and a heterocyclic compound with di-hydroxyl groups at both ends were blended and the blended solution was reacted with a crosslinker containing multiple isocyanate groups. The heterocyclic polyurethane demonstrates better self-healing efficiency than the conventional polyurethane with no heterocyclic groups. Furthermore, unlike the conventional self-healing materials, the heterocyclic polyurethane examined i

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Singh, S. N., S. B. Burns, J. S. Costa, and V. Bonapersona. "Method of Increasing the Solubility of Hydrocarbons and HFCs in Polyurethanes Raw Materials and the Effects on the Performance and Processing Characteristics of Construction Foams*." Cellular Polymers 16, no. 6 (1997): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0262489319971606004.

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Liquid hydrocarbons and hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) are the leading zero ozone depletion potential (ODP) blowing agents being considered for rigid polyurethane foam insulation used in the construction industry. Different isomers of pentane, namely normal-, iso- and cyclopentane, are the major hydrocarbons under consideration. The leading HFCs being evaluated are HFC-245fa (CF3-CH0-CF9H) and HFC-365mfc (CF3-CH2-CF2-CH3). The solubility of such blowing agents in many of the typical polyols and isocyanates used by the construction industry is limited. Additives have been used to improve the solubil

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Serrano-Martínez, Víctor M., Carlota Hernández-Fernández, Henoc Pérez-Aguilar, María Pilar Carbonell-Blasco, Avelina García-García, and Elena Orgilés-Calpena. "Development and Application of a Lignin-Based Polyol for Sustainable Reactive Polyurethane Adhesives Synthesis." Polymers 16, no. 13 (2024): 1928. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16131928.

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In response to the environmental impacts of conventional polyurethane adhesives derived from fossil fuels, this study introduces a sustainable alternative utilizing lignin-based polyols extracted from rice straw through a process developed at INESCOP. This research explores the partial substitution of traditional polyols with lignin-based equivalents in the synthesis of reactive hot melt polyurethane adhesives (HMPUR) for the footwear industry. The performance of these eco-friendly adhesives was rigorously assessed through Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DS

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Nguyen, Canh Minh Thang, and Vinh Tien Nguyen. "Room-Temperature Polyol Synthesis of Ag/SiO2 Nanocomposite as a Catalyst for 4-Nitrophenol Reduction." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2020 (December 23, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6650576.

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We prepared silver nanoparticles (AgNP) embedded in SiO2 using a green polyol approach by conducting the synthesis at ambient temperature and pH. Glycerol solutions of SiO2 and silver nitrate were stirred overnight at room temperature. UV-vis spectra and TEM images of the reaction dispersion and XRD patterns of the centrifuged solid confirmed formation of AgNP (6 ± 2 nm) were embedded in SiO2. AAS showed that, about 50% of initial silver was deposited on SiO2. The presence of SiO2 enhanced the formation of AgNP and the stability of Ag/SiO2 in glycerol. The reason for these findings was probabl

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M., B. Dalen, and D. Mador S. "Effects of CaCO3 and Kaolin Filler Loadings on Some Mechanical Properties of Poly Urethane Foams." International Research Journal of Pure & Applied Chemistry 14, no. 2 (2017): 1–13. https://doi.org/10.9734/IRJPAC/2017/31143.

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In Nigeria, the foam industries basically use CaCO<sub>3</sub> as filler in polyurethane (PU) foam manufacture. This has contributed to the high importation of this mineral, thereby, increasing dependency on imported goods. It is for this reason that, kaolin, a clay deposit commonly found on the upper Plateau in Central Nigeria is utilized as a potential filler in replacement or as a supplement for CaCO<sub>3</sub>.Various masses (0,2,4,6,8,10,12,14, and 16 g) of the fillers (CaCO<sub>3</sub> or kaolin) were used in curing of PU foams and mechanical properties such as density, tensile strength

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Sang, Xiao Ming, Xing Gang Chen, Shou Wu Yu, and Gui Xiang Hou. "Preparation and Properties of Rigid Polyurethane-Imide Foams." Advanced Materials Research 150-151 (October 2010): 1119–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.150-151.1119.

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A series of rigid polyurethane foams are synthesized via the reaction of isocyanate terminated polyimide prepolymers with polyether polyol. Deionized water and n-pentane are used for blowing agents. The prepolymers and polymers are characterized by conventional methods, and physical, mechanical and thermal properties are studied. The results show that in comparison to pure polyurethane foams, these rigid polymer foams exhibit improved thermal stability as well as good compressive property. SEM of the compressed body of rigid polyurethane-imide foams show that the destructive forms are open-typ

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Sang, Xiao Ming, Xing Gang Chen, Gui Xiang Hou, and Shou Wu Yu. "Preparation of Rigid Polyurethane-Imide Foams." Advanced Materials Research 150-151 (October 2010): 1123–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.150-151.1123.

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A novel rigid polyurethane thermosetting foam is synthesized via the reaction of isocyanate terminated polyimide prepolymers with polyether polyol(4110), and deionized water and n-pentane are used for blowing agents simultaneously. The prepolymers and polymers are characterized by conventional methods and -NCO conversion rate, characteristic structure and morphology are also studied. The results show that the optimal condition of polymerization of polyimide prepolymers is under 60 oC for 30min. FTIR data show that the imide groups have been achieved successfully. The rigid polyurethane-imide f

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Nik Roselina, N. R., Aziz Azizan, Koay Mei Hyie, et al. "Synthesis Route towards Fine and Monodisperse Ni Nanoparticles via Hot-Injection Approach." Applied Mechanics and Materials 393 (September 2013): 146–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.393.146.

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Manipulation of adding sequences have been found to influence the reaction rate, thus made it easier to produced controllable Ni nanoparticles. Hot-injection approach shown capability to significantly reduce the production time of Ni nanoparticles compared to the conventional one-pot synthesis. With minor modification on conventional polyol method, narrow, monodispersed and highly yield spherical nickel (Ni) nanoparticles were successfully produced at synthesis temperature of 60°C. Three mixing methods were investigated to study its efficiency towards producing rapid and narrower size distribu

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Vieira, Fernanda R., Nuno V. Gama, Dmitry V. Evtuguin, et al. "Bio-Based Polyurethane Foams from Kraft Lignin with Improved Fire Resistance." Polymers 15, no. 5 (2023): 1074. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15051074.

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Rigid polyurethane foams (RPUFs) were synthesized using exclusively lignin-based polyol (LBP) obtained via the oxyalkylation of kraft lignin with propylene carbonate (PC). Using the design of experiments methodology combined with statistical analysis, the formulations were optimized to obtain a bio-based RPUF with low thermal conductivity and low apparent density to be used as a lightweight insulating material. The thermo-mechanical properties of the ensuing foams were compared with those of a commercial RPUF and a RPUF (RPUF-conv) produced using a conventional polyol. The bio-based RPUF obtai

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Su, Huaigang, Qin Zhao, Cheng Jiang, et al. "Preparation of highly dispersed SnO/TiO₂ catalysts and their performances in catalyzing polyol ester." RSC Advances 13, no. 13 (2023): 8934–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2ra07334j.

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A series of stannous oxide supported on rutile titanium dioxide (SnO/TiO2) were prepared by a conventional incipient wetness impregnation method, and their performance as catalysts for fatty acid esterification reactions was investigated.

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Muruganantham, Rasu, Rengapillai Subadevi, and Marimuthu Sivakumar. "A Polyol Route LiFePO₄ Cathode Material for Li-Batteries." Advanced Materials Research 584 (October 2012): 341–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.584.341.

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Lithium ion battery technology has played a key role in portable electronics revolution, and it is vigorously pursued for electric vehicle applications. LiFePO4 has recently received a great deal of attention due to its potential usage as a next-generation cathode material for lithium-ion batteries such as power tools, electric vehicles (EVs)and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs),etc.LiFePO4 is advantageous when comparing other conventional cathode materials such as LiCoO2, LiNiO2 and LiMn2O4, namely, it is inexpensive, environmentally benign and thermally stable, etc.. In the present work, LiFeP

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Bousnina, Mohamed Ali, Frédéric Schoenstein, Silvana Mercone, and Noureddine Jouini. "From Ni–P Metastable Alloy Nanoparticles to Bulk Submicrometer Grain-Sized MMCs with Tunable Mechanical and Magnetic Properties." Metals 10, no. 1 (2020): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10010112.

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In this study, submicrometer grain-sized metal matrix composites (MMCs) based on nickel were elaborated via a bottom-up strategy combining the polyol process and a non-conventional heat treatment route. First, four sets of nano-sized Ni–P metastable alloy nanopowders with an average particle size centered at 50, 100, 130, and 220 nm were prepared by the polyol process modified by the addition of hypophosphite (strong reducing agent) and heterogeneous nucleation using silver nitrate and platinum salt (nucleating agents). The heat treatment step was realized by reactive spark plasma sintering (R

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Ibrahim, Amal M., M. M. Abd El-Latif, and Morsi M. Mahmoud. "Synthesis and characterization of nano-sized cobalt ferrite prepared via polyol method using conventional and microwave heating techniques." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 506, no. 1 (2010): 201–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2010.06.177.

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Lee, Kwi Jong, Young Il Lee, In Keun Shim, Byung Ho Jun, Hye Jin Cho, and Jae Woo Joung. "Large-Scale Synthesis of Polymer-Stabilized Silver Nanoparticles." Solid State Phenomena 124-126 (June 2007): 1189–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.124-126.1189.

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The synthesis and characterization of polymer-stabilized silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) for water-based silver inks are studied. In order to synthesize Ag NPs with spherical shape, the conventional polyol processes require an excess of poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) (10 ~ 1000 times than AgNO3) and therefore result in low productivity per reactor volume. In this study, poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) with carboxylic acid group was used instead of PVP. Even at less molar ratio of PAA to AgNO3 (< 2), the spherical Ag NPs with average size of 30 nm were successfully synthesized at 100 gram-scale with h

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Songvorawit, Nut, Kooranee Tuitemwong, and Pravate Tuitemwong. "Single Step Synthesis of Amino-Functionalized Magnetic Nanoparticles with Polyol Technique at Low Temperature." ISRN Nanotechnology 2011 (June 26, 2011): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2011/483129.

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The synthesis and characterization of amino-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (amino-MNPs) were carried out. Amino-MNPs were prepared using polyol technique in an autoclave (121°C) without inert gas. The characterization of particles employed conventional SEM-EDS, TEM, XRD, FTIR, and VSM techniques. Results showed that amount of NaOH affected to the speed of MNP formation. The desirable uniform cubic shape of amino-MNPs was obtained from the addition of 2.50% w/v NaOH for 3 reaction cycles (2 hours/cycle). The amino-MNPs obtained from this condition have cubic shapes with the average size

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Lin, Jing, Qiu Zhuan Yang, Xiu Fang Wen, et al. "Novel Thermally Stable Epoxy-polyurethane Composites: Preparation, Characterization." Advanced Materials Research 239-242 (May 2011): 2742–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.239-242.2742.

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A novel series of hydroxyl terminated bisphenol-A type novolac epoxy resins modified with propionic acid (MEP) were prepared by one-step ring-opening reaction process in the presence of tetramethylammonium bromide catalyst. The obtained MEP was characterized using FTIR,1HNMR analyses. In addition, Intercross-linked epoxy-polyurethane composites networks were also obtained by curing reaction among MEP, cross linker polyisocyanate IL1351 and phthalic anhydride. The thermal characteristics of the epoxy-polyurethane composites were determined by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The thermal stabil

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Liao, Juan, Kai Zhang, Wen Zhong Wang, Yong Gang Wang, and Li Yu. "Study on Synthesis and Characterization of AgCl Microparticle Materials Based on One-Step Solution Phase Route." Advanced Materials Research 568 (September 2012): 295–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.568.295.

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AgCl microparticle materials, with novel heart-like morphology, were successfully prepared by means of a simple solution phase route, in which a small amount of hydrochloric acid, ethylene and PVP were introduced to the conventional polyol process. The obtained microparticle materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and UV-Vis absorption spectrum. SEM images show that the obtained AgCl microparticle materials have heart-like morphology with an average diameter of 3 um. The influence of different reaction times on size and morphology of

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Gupta, Bakul, Will Rouesnel, and J. Justin Gooding. "The Role of Oxygen in Synthesizing Monodisperse Silver Nanocubes." Australian Journal of Chemistry 64, no. 11 (2011): 1488. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch11241.

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In this work, we report on silver nanocubes prepared by using the conventional polyol synthesis in the presence of hydrochloric acid and oxygen. We found that by controlling the headspace oxygen concentration in the sample vial at a temperature of 140°C, monodisperse silver nanocubes of 100–115 nm in edge length were produced. A specific headspace oxygen concentration along with the chloride ions promoted the oxidative etching of twinned particles so that only single crystal cubes were produced. At lower oxygen concentrations, nanorods and wires were obtained whereas at very high concentration

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Karimi, Fatemeh, and Brant A. Peppley. "Comparison of conventional versus microwave heating for polyol synthesis of supported iridium based electrocatalyst for polymer electrolyte membrane water electrolysis." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 42, no. 8 (2017): 5083–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.01.090.

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Choi, Jin-Hyeok, Jeong-Jae Woo, and Il Kim. "Sustainable Polycaprolactone Polyol-Based Thermoplastic Poly(ester ester) Elastomers Showing Superior Mechanical Properties and Biodegradability." Polymers 15, no. 15 (2023): 3209. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15153209.

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Thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) have attracted increasing attention for a wide variety of industrial and biomedical applications owing to their unique properties compared to those of traditional rubbers. To develop high-performance engineering TPEs and reduce the environmental pollution caused by plastic waste, α,ω-hydroxyl-terminated polycaprolactone (PCL) polyols with molecular weights of 1000–4200 g mol−1 and polydispersity index (Ð) of 1.30–1.88 are synthesized via the ring-opening polymerization of sustainable ε-caprolactone using a heterogeneous double metal cyanide catalyst. The resulti

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Petru, Andreea-Elena, Cristian Iacovita, Ionel Fizeșan, et al. "Evaluating Manganese-Doped Magnetic Nanoflowers for Biocompatibility and In Vitro Magnetic Hyperthermia Efficacy." Pharmaceutics 17, no. 3 (2025): 384. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics17030384.

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Background/Objectives: Magnetic hyperthermia (MH) has emerged as a promising alternative to conventional cancer treatments, offering targeted tumor destruction with minimal damage to healthy tissues. In this study, we synthesized manganese-doped magnetic nanoflowers (Mn-NFs) using a polyol-mediated approach to enhance heating efficiency and biocompatibility for MH applications. Our objective was to evaluate their structural, magnetic, and in vitro hyperthermic properties to determine their potential for lung cancer therapy. Methods: Mn-NFs, with the general formula MnxFe3-xO4 (x = 0, 0.3, 0.5,

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