Relevant bibliographies by topics / Conventional signs

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Conventional signs'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 4 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Conventional signs"

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PELC, JERZY. "NATURAL VERSUS CONVENTIONAL SIGNS." Canadian-American Slavic Studies 22, no. 1-4 (1988): 115–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/221023988x00113.

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"Conventional Signs and Abbreviations." International Trade by Commodity Statistics 2012, no. 1 (January 15, 2013): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/itcs-v2012-1-1-en.

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"Conventional Signs and Abbreviations." International Trade by Commodity Statistics 2012, no. 2 (January 31, 2013): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/itcs-v2012-2-1-en.

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"Conventional Signs and Abbreviations." International Trade by Commodity Statistics 2018, no. 3 (August 7, 2018): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/itcs-v2018-3-1-en.

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"Conventional Signs and Abbreviations." International Trade by Commodity Statistics 2018, no. 4 (September 8, 2018): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/itcs-v2018-4-1-en.

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"Conventional Signs and Abbreviations." International Trade by Commodity Statistics 2018, no. 5 (October 9, 2018): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/itcs-v2018-5-1-en.

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"Conventional Signs and Abbreviations." International Trade by Commodity Statistics 2018, no. 6 (December 21, 2018): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/itcs-v2018-6-1-en.

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"Conventional Signs and Abbreviations." International Trade by Commodity Statistics 2019, no. 6 (October 18, 2019): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/e03912f3-en.

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"Conventional Signs and Abbreviations." Main Economic Indicators 2013, no. 5 (May 22, 2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/mei-v2013-5-1-en.

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"Conventional Signs and Abbreviations." Main Economic Indicators 2013, no. 6 (June 13, 2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/mei-v2013-6-1-en.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Conventional signs"

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Ianeva, Nadia. "Registration of non-conventional signs under the community trademark regime." Berlin wvb, Wiss. Verl, 2008. http://d-nb.info/990791149/04.

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Azevedo, Filho Valberto Alves de. "Marcas & Signos : a recepção dos sinais não convencionais pelo Brasil." Universidade Católica de Santos, 2016. http://biblioteca.unisantos.br:8181/handle/tede/2721.

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Submitted by Rosina Valeria Lanzellotti Mattiussi Teixeira (rosina.teixeira@unisantos.br) on 2016-06-10T14:27:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Valberto Alves de Azevedo Filho.pdf: 400610 bytes, checksum: a29a0aa077dd8b49492d3ccf04175141 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-10T14:27:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Valberto Alves de Azevedo Filho.pdf: 400610 bytes, checksum: a29a0aa077dd8b49492d3ccf04175141 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-17
The present paper intends to inquire the national policy behind trademarks on the ground of nonconventional symbols, from trademark history to a comparative analysis between Brazil¿s law system and the United States of America¿s, along side the international treatises which Brazil is bound by, such as the Paris Convention and TRIPS. Throughout this comparison, the work will show how Brazilian law system disrespects its own Constitution, and goes the other way from the international regulation of trademarks when restricts its protections only to symbols that are visual perceived, letting behind other kinds of symbols which accomplish the same goals. As a result, the paper proposes changes in Brazilian law to protect these nonconventional symbols (as to say, nonvisual symbols) in order to reach an harmony with the international law, no matter how these symbols can be perceived. By protecting such nonconventional symbols, fair trade will be assured and more consumers will be included in the market, as they have the right to be informed about the different products and services offered to them.
O presente estudo busca inquirir a política nacional de proteção jurídica das marcas, tendo em perspectiva os sinais não convencionais, partindo de sua evolução histórica à análise comparativa de regulamentação jurídica com os Estados Unidos da América (EUA) e com importantes tratados internacionais do qual o Brasil é signatário, a exemplo da Convenção da União de Paris e o Acordo sobre aspectos dos direitos de propriedade intelectual relacionados ao comércio ¬¿ TRIPS. A partir desse cotejo, buscar-se-á destacar que a legislação brasileira, ao resumir o sinal protegido como marca apenas aos visualmente perceptíveis, olvida do tratamento constitucional e internacional dado a matéria, e com isso deixa órfão de proteção outros signos que possuem forma de apresentação distinta, mas não deixam de cumprir as funções axiais do instituto. Diante disso, mostrar-se-á a necessidade de reforma da legislação para, em harmonia com o direito constitucional e internacional, proteger outros sinais suficientemente distintivos, independente da sua forma de apresentação sensorial. Protegendo esses diferentes sinais, estar-se-á melhor tutelando a concorrência, promovendo maior inclusão e exaltando os direitos do consumidor, que, entre outras prerrogativas, possui o direito de ter acesso a informação suficiente e clara sobre os diferentes produtos e serviços colocados no mercado.
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Andersson, Moa. "Lika, olika och unika : Ett mångfaldsarbete med fokus på barnlitteratur i förskolan." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-85636.

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I detta arbete används ett normkritiskt perspektiv för att undersöka mångfalden som presenteras ur ett urval bilderböcker publicerade mellan år 2016-2021. Arbetet kommer fokusera på några av de normer som bilderboken presenterar gällande bland annat genus, funktionsvariationer och kultur.  Vidare kommer bilderbokens multimodala kommunikationssätt att analyseras utifrån metodansatsen semiotisk modalitet och vidare granskas genom kvantitativa och kvalitativa analysmetoder. Detta för att belysa textens och illustrationens likvärdighet i den multimodala kommunikationen.  I min process har ett urval på nio böcker tagits fram och kritiskt granskats utifrån normkritiska kriterier och genom både konventionella och ikoniska tecken för att på så sätt skapa en så heltäckande analys som möjligt. Som avslutning presenteras resultatet av denna undersökning där också normer och/eller teman som återkommer, eller inte uppmärksammas, i flera av böckerna tas upp. Vidare belyses vikten av förskolepedagogens förståelse för bilderboken, normkritik och inkludering. Vikt läggs vid att pedagogen själv skall förstå varför regelbundna reflektioner och analyser av materialet förskolan erbjuder barnen bör göras.
This thesis uses a norm-critical perspective to highlight the diversity presented from a selection of picture books published by swedish authors between the years 2016-2021. The work will focus on some of the norms that the picture book presents regarding, among other things, gender, functional variations and culture Furthermore, the picture book's multimodal communication method will be analyzed on the basis of the method approach semiotic modality and further examined through quantitative and qualitative analysis methods. This is to highlight the importance of the text and the equivalence of the illustration in the multimodal communication. In my process, a selection of nine books has been selected and critically examined on the basis of norm-critical criteria and through both conventional and iconic signs in order to create as comprehensive an analysis as possible. In conclusion the results of this study are presented where norms and/or themes that recur, or are not noticed, are also addressed in several of the books. Furthermore, the importance of the preschool educator's understanding of the picture book, norm criticism and inclusion is highlighted. Emphasis is placed on the educators understanding why regular reflections and analyzes of the material the preschool offers the children should be made.
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Kirmizioglu, Erkut. "Analysis Of Comprehension Of Traffic Signs: A Pilot Study In Ankara, Turkey." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612722/index.pdf.

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Traffic signs, which are extremely important for traffic safety, aims to regulate traffic by providing information about the characteristics of road and road environment for drivers. The success of traffic signs mainly rely on the easy comprehensibility of its meaning in a short time. Further more, today&rsquo
s global economies and transportation systems emphasize the need for more universial traffic signs which was the main motivation of two main treaties on traffic signs
Vienna Convetion in 1968 and European Aggreement Treaty in 1971, which are signed and followed by Turkey. For an effort to increase traffic safety, a Subcommittee of the Turkish Highway Traffic Safety (THTS) Council requested the determination of comprehensibility of critical signs with higher probability of impact on traffic safety selected by a group of experts from engineers and law enforcement agencies in a survey study. The survey questionnaire included 30 selected traffic signs (including two prohibition signs omitting oblique bar recently changed as a part of the European Union Participation Process) and 9 control group signs, a total of 39 traffic signs, and driver characteristic questions, such as gender, age, educational background, etc. to reveal insights about a) the level of comprehensibility of different groups of traffic signs and and b) driver characteristics that may affect the comprehensibility of these signs. A pilot study in the city of Ankara is conducted over a sample of 1,478 surveys. Answers for the meaning of each sign are coded using a scale of five (opposite, wrong, no comment, partially correct and correct responses). The results showed that the control group signs have very high comprehensibility as expected, while some of the critical signs were not known much, or mistaken for others, even mistaken for opposite meanings. The certain loss of comprehensibility of the traffic signs changed recently is seen in the comparative analysis of the signs before and after the change, as well as significant shift towards an opposite meaning. The significance of driver characteristics (gender, education, occupation etc.) affecting the comprehensibility of the traffic signs varies among traffic signs and characteristics. As the result of this study, (THTS) Council decided to support traffic and driver education more and mass promotion of mis- or un-comprehended signs without searching for more local solutions or versions.
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Reilly-Sanders, Erin F. "Drawing Outside the Bounds: Tradition and Innovation in Depictions of the House in Children's Picturebooks." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1398851009.

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Dickson, Chelsea Lynn. "Making Sense of the Equal Sign in Middle School Mathematics." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2019. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/7605.

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One of the main reasons that students struggle as they transition from arithmetic to algebra in the middle grades is that they fail to develop the appropriate understanding of the equal sign. Previous research has suggested that students need to move past an operational understanding and develop a relational understanding of the equal sign in order to work with algebraic equations successfully. Other research has suggested that the way that we interpret and utilize the equal sign is based on three main factors: multiple meanings of the equal sign, equation types, and structural conventions. This study extends both areas of research by analyzing two middle grade curricula and looking for what meanings, equation types, and structural conventions appear in both teacher and student materials. The study confirms that students are exposed to three main meanings of the equal sign in the middle grades. The study also describes which meanings of the equal sign are associated with particular equation types and the frequency with which these equation types appear throughout the 7th and 8th grade curricula. Study findings can be used to inform instruction, as they delineate the factors that are attended to while making sense of the equal sign in the middle grades.
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Córdova, Schaefer Jesús. "¡I did not sign anything!: the non-signatories of the arbitral convention. The structure of article 14 of the peruvian arbitration law." THĒMIS-Revista de Derecho, 2018. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/123865.

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Modern commercial relations have been making their dynamics more complex over the years and have made of arbitration the best way of conflicts resolution. One of the most complex changes has been the addition of elements in national and international arbitration agreements. It is also of fundamental importance to define who are the parties involved in the arbitration, both parties involved and non-signatories.In this article, the author analyzes the figure of third parties who have not subscribed to the arbitration agreement in light of the Peruvian Arbitration Law.In addition, the author proposes solutions for its better regulation.
Las relaciones comerciales modernas han ido complejizando su dinámica a través de los años y hacen del arbitraje el medio de solución de controversias por excelencia. Uno de los cambios más complejos ha sido el agregado de elementos en los convenios arbitrales en el ámbito nacional e internacional que deben analizarse. Es, además, de relevancia fundamental definir quiénes son las partes que intervienen en el arbitraje, tanto las partes involucradas como los no-signatarios.En este artículo, el autor analiza la figura de los terceros que no hayan suscrito el convenio arbitral a la luz de la Ley Arbitral Peruana, además de proponer soluciones para su mejor regulación.
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Al-Hamdani, Hayja. "Réexamen de la notion d'arbitraire linguistique. Définition et contribution à l'identification de sa problématique." Thesis, Lyon, École normale supérieure, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ENSL0808.

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Cette thèse jette la lumière sur la notion d'arbitraire linguistique qui, depuis les premières réflexions sur la nature du langage, ne cesse d'être, plus ou moins, un objet de débat: l'origine du langage est-elle humaine ou divine? Son statut est-il conventionnel ou naturel? La dénomination des choses est-elle fondée sur l'arbitraire humain ou sur sa raison? Par conséquent, le signe linguistique est-il arbitraire ou motivé? Ce débat s'étend depuis l'Antiquité jusqu'à nos jours, dans une proportion d'intensité variable en temps et en lieu. Mais dans tout cela, qu'entendons-nous au juste par arbitraire? Et pourquoi représente-t-il toujours une problématique?Dans ce contexte, nous avons conduit un travail qui parcourt l'histoire, de l'Antiquité à la période actuelle, pour voir comment la question de l'arbitraire a été traitée chez les savants. La globalité de cette étude permet de construire une idée du point de divergence qui fait de l'arbitraire une question autant soutenue que débattue par les savants. Ainsi, cette étude est conçue pour réexaminer la notion de l'arbitraire afin de pouvoir la définir et identifier sa problématique.Conduite dans une méthode de travail qui repose sur l'analyse logique et philosophique des textes, cette étude montre en conclusion que le problème de l'arbitraire réside dans l'ambiguïté de sa notion. Celle-ci est due à la multiplicité des sens qu'il peut renfermer, donc à la multiplicité de sa conception chez les philosophes et linguistes, mais aussi à la multiplicité des points de vue pour déterminer la partie concernée par l'arbitraire dans la théorie du signe. Autrement dit, c'est en terme de l'arbitraire des idées, qu'on peut parler de l'arbitraire du langage.La thèse finit par présenter une position sur le langage et l'arbitraire, construite sur deux questions: i) le fait qu'il existe des lois dans le langage qui gèrent son fonctionnement selon un système propre; ii) le fait qu'il existe un lien pertinent entre la pensée du groupe et sa langue
This thesis sheds light on the linguistic notion of arbitrariness, which, since the very first reflections on the nature of language, continues – to a greater or lesser extent – to be a subject of debate: is the origin of language human or divine? Is its status conventional or natural? Is the naming of things based on human arbitrariness or human reason? Consequently, is the linguistic sign arbitrary or motivated? This debate extends from antiquity to the present day, in a proportion of variable intensity in time and place. But in all this, what do we mean by arbitrary? And why has it always represented a problematic?In this context, we have conducted a survey which retraces the history of this notion from antiquity to the present day, to see how the question of arbitrariness has been treated by savants. The global nature of this study can enable the construction of an idea of the point of divergence which makes arbitrariness into a matter of such sustained and controversial debate among savants. Thus, this study was designed to review the concept of arbitrariness in order to identify and define the problem.This study has been conducted using a working method based on the logical and philosophical analysis of texts. It conclusively demonstrates that the problem of the arbitrary lies in the ambiguity of the concept. This is due to the multiplicity of meanings that it can contain, that is, the multiplicity of its conceptions among philosophers and linguists, but this is also due to the multiplicity of points of view applied to determining the part affected by the arbitrary within the theory of the sign. In other words, it is in terms of arbitrary ideas that we can speak of the arbitrariness of language.The thesis ends by presenting a position about language and arbitrariness, which has been constructed around two issues: i) the fact that there are laws in the language that manage its working according to an own system; ii) that there is a relevant connection between the thought of a group and its language
تلقي هذه الأطروحة الضوء على مفهوم الاعتباط اللغوي الذي ما انفك يكون بشكل او بآخر موضوعا للجدل منذ البدايات الأولى للتفكير في طبيعة اللغة : فهل إن أصل اللغة إنسانيّ أم إلهي؟ وهل أنّ تشريعها جاء بشكل اتفاقي أم طبيعي؟ هل جرت التسمية على أساس اعتباطية الإنسان ام على عقلانيته؟ وبالنتيجة فهل ان الإشارة اللغوية اعتباطية ام معللة؟ امتد هذا الجدل منذ العصور القديمة وحتى يومنا هذا بنسب متفاوتة بالشدة في الزمان والمكان. ولكن في كل هذا ، ما الذي نعنيه بالضبط بالاعتباط؟ ولماذا يمثل دائما إشكالية؟في هذا السياق أجرينا بحثا طاف التاريخ برمته منذ العصر القديم حتى يومنا هذا كي نتعرف كيف تمت معالجة هذا الموضوع عند علماء اللغة. ان شمولية هذا العمل تسمح بتكوين فكرة حول نقطة الخلاف الذي جعل من الاعتباط موضوعا قابلا للتأييد والرفض على حد سواء بين العلماء. وعليه فقد صممت هذه الدراسة لإعادة النظر في مفهوم الاعتباط من اجل تعريفه وتحديد اشكاليته.تتألف الأطروحة من أربعة أجزاء فصلت في سياق زمني ، ولكن رتبت على وفق التوزيع ألموضوعاتي. يتناول الجزء الأول مكونات الاعتباط كعناصر تعريفية ، وأنواع الاعتباط ، ويبحث الجزء الثاني في إشكالية الاعتباط من خلال دراسة جذور فكره والحجج التي قدمت في هذا الطرح والطرح الذي عارضه ، الأمر الذي ترك المشكلة بلا حل، إضافة إلى المقترحات التي حاول من خلالها العلماء الخروج من المشكلة. وقد خصص الجزء الثالث حصرا حول ملامح الاعتباط عند سوسير ؛ في حين ناقش الجزء الرابع مفهوم الاعتباط في الفكر الحديث.أجريت هذه الدراسة على وفق منهج بحث استند على التحليل المنطقي والفلسفي للنصوص. وبينت بالنتيجة أن مشكلة الاعتباط تكمن في غموض مفهومه. ويعود ذلك إلى تعدد المعاني التي يمكن ان تحتويه المفردة، وبالتالي تعدد طريقة فهمه عند الفلاسفة وعلماء اللغة ، إضافة إلى تعدد وجهات النظر في تحديد الجانب المعني بالاعتباط في نظرية الإشارة اللغوية. وبعبارة أخرى، يمكننا القول إنّ اعتباطية اللغة تكمن في إطار اعتباطية الأفكار.تقدم الأطروحة في النهاية فكر المؤلف حول اللغة ومسألة الاعتباط اللغوي، وقد بناه على مسألتين: الأولى أن هناك قوانين في اللغة تدير حركته على وفق نظام خاص؛ والثانية أن هناك علاقة وثيقة بين فكر المجموعة ولغتها
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Meddour, Sabrina. "L’enfant et la liberté religieuse à la lumière du droit international, européen et français." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO30102.

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Le droit à la liberté de pensée, de conscience et de religion expressément reconnu à l’enfant par l’article 14 de la Convention internationale de New York adoptée en 1989 soulève de nombreuses questions. En raison de l’état de dépendance de l’enfant et de sa vulnérabilité, l’exercice de cette liberté apparaît particulièrement fragilisée. Les droits de l’enfant sont en effet menacés de toute part, tant par l’autorité publique, que par sa famille, ou par des tiers, voire par l’enfant lui-même. Les parents tout en étant les premiers protecteurs et les premiers « guides spirituels » de l’enfant pourront parallèlement représenter les premiers obstacles à l’exercice de sa liberté religieuse pleine et entière suscitant un conflit entre droits parentaux et droits de l’enfant. L’État s’érige d’ailleurs en protecteur lorsque ses parents lui font courir un risque au nom même de leurs convictions religieuses. Le juge pourra aussi connaître de conflits familiaux provoqués par un désaccord religieux. Garant de l’ordre public, l’État sera parfois amené à limiter la liberté religieuse de l’enfant et de ses parents en mettant en avant la primauté d’un intérêt social tel la sauvegarde du principe de laïcité. Il apparaît donc nécessaire de considérer la question de la liberté religieuse de l’enfant à la fois dans la sphère familiale et plus largement dans la société en nous interrogeant notamment quant à l’effectivité réelle du droit de liberté religieuse de l’enfant. Comme pour tout sujet touchant aux droits de l’enfant, la recherche de l’équilibre entre liberté et protection s’inscrit sur un chemin difficile dont témoigne l’étude du droit de l’enfant à la liberté religieuse
The right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion expressly granted to the child under article 14 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child adopted in 1989 raises many questions. Regarding his particular dependence and vulnerability, the exercise of this liberty by the child appears particularly weaken. Children’s rights are indeed threatened from all quarters, so much by public authority as by their family or by third parties, if not by the child himself. Parents, while being his first protectors and first “spiritual guides”, can also represent the first obstacle to the full exercise of the child’s freedom of religion, therefore raising a conflict between parental and children’s rights. It is to be noticed that the State establishes itselfs as the protector of the child whenever parents endanger him even in the name of religious beliefs. The judge might also intervene within family conflicts resulting from religious disagreements. Ensuring public order as well, the State will in some cases subject child’s and parents’ freedom of religion to limitations deemed necessary in regard to the primacy of a particular social interest such as the protection of secularism. It seems therefore essential to consider the question of the child’s religious freedom within the family sphere as well as, to a larger extent, within society, while questioning the effectivity of the right of the child to religious freedom. As for any subject relating to children’s rights, the search for balance between freedom and protection is engaged on a difficult path as evidenced by this study on the right of the child to religious freedom
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Schäfer, Martin [Verfasser]. "Human DC-SIGN mediated recognition of mycobacteria in conventional and bacterial artificial chromosome transgenic mouse models / Martin Schäfer." 2006. http://d-nb.info/985177160/34.

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Books on the topic "Conventional signs"

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Manchev, Li︠u︡bomir, and Ilii︠a︡ Iv Slavchev. Uslovni znat︠s︡i za edromashtabni topografski karti: V mashtab 1:10 000, 1:5 000 i 1:2 000. Sofii︠a︡: Izd. UKG, 1993.

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Canada. Surveys, Mapping and Remote Sensing Sector., ed. National Topographic Data Base standards and specifications. 2nd ed. Sherbrooke, Quebec: Surveys, Mapping and Remote Sensing Sector, Energy, Mines and Resources Canada, 1991.

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Geological Survey (U.S.). Topographic map symbols. Washington, D.C.]: USGS, 2000.

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Vasiliev, Irina Ren. Mapping time. North York, Ont: University of Toronto Press Incorporated, 1998.

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United States. President (2001- : Bush) and United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations, eds. Protocol III to the 1949 Geneva Convention and an amendment and protocol to 1980 Conventional Weapons Convention: Message from the President of the United States transmitting the Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the adoption of an additional distinctive emblem (the "Geneva Protocol III"), adopted at Geneva on December 8, 2005, and signed by the United States on that date, the amendment to Article I of the Convention on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Certain Conventional Weapons Which May be Deemed to be Excessively Injurious or to have Indiscriminate Effects (the "CCW Amendment"), and the CCW Protocol Explosive Remnants of War (the "CCW Protocol V"). Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2006.

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United Nations. Economic Commission for Europe. Transport Division, ed. Convention on road traffic of 1968 and European Agreement supplementing the Convention (2006 consolidated versions). New York: United Nations, 2007.

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United Nations. Economic Commission for Europe. Transport Division., ed. Convention on Road Signs and Signals of 1968: European Agreement Supplementing the Convention ; and, Protocol on Road Markings, Additional to the European Agreement : (2006 consolidated versions). New York: United Nations, 2007.

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Stand With Christ: Why Missionaries Can't Sign the 2000 Baptist Faith and Message. Macon, GA: Smyth & Helwys Publishing, 2002.

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A faith that sings: Discovering heavenly living on earth from the Psalms. Nashville, Tenn: Broadman Press, 1989.

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Répertoire des conventions, accords et traités internationaux sur l'environnement signés et/ou ratifiés par le Mali. Mali?]: Ministère de l'environnement et de l'assainissement, 2005.

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Book chapters on the topic "Conventional signs"

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Brown, John N. A., Anton Josef Fercher, and Gerhard Leitner. "“…They Are Merely Conventional Signs…”: Measuring Intuitive Interaction." In Human–Computer Interaction Series, 43–47. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56532-3_7.

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Chignell, Anthony H., and David Wong. "Conventional RRD Surgery: Post-operative Management, Signs and Complications." In Management of Vitreo-Retinal Disease, 97–106. London: Springer London, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-0887-0_11.

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"Conventional signs." In OECD Economic Outlook, Volume 2019 Issue 1, 10. OECD, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/bd2d6303-en.

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"Conventional Signs." In OECD International Direct Investment Statistics, 6. OECD, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264185722-1-en.

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"Conventional signs." In OECD Economic Outlook, Volume 2019 Issue 2. OECD, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/274d9c03-en.

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"Conventional signs." In OECD Economic Outlook, Volume 2020 Issue 1. OECD, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/57cfd92b-en.

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"Conventional Signs." In OECD International Direct Investment Statistics. OECD, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/idis-2013-1-en.

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"Conventional signs." In OECD Economic Outlook, Volume 2020 Issue 2. OECD, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/7e07c4f5-en.

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"Acronyms and Conventional Signs." In Society at a Glance: Asia/Pacific, 7–8. OECD, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264106154-2-en.

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"Conventional Signs and Abbreviations." In OECD Statistics on International Trade in Services, Volume 2016 Issue 2, 5–6. OECD, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/sits-v2016-2-1-en.

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Conference papers on the topic "Conventional signs"

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Sai, Vallabapurapu Ujval, Patchipulusu Varaprasad Priyatam, and P. V. V. S. Srinivas. "A Framework for Traffic Signs Recognition Using Convolutional Neural Network Over Conventional Models." In 2022 Second International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Smart Energy (ICAIS). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icais53314.2022.9743065.

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Hernández, Rebeca, Marta Serrano, Andrea García-Junceda, Elvira Oñorbe, and Javier Vivas. "Improvement of High Temperature Creep Strength of Conventional Grade 91 Steel by Thermomechanical Treatments." In ASME 2019 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-93148.

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Abstract The study of the enhanced creep strength of conventional ferritic-martensitic (F/M) grade 91 steel by a thermomechanical treatment (TMT) to increase the precipitation of MX particles in the matrix was performed. Creep properties were evaluated by tests at constant load at temperatures that varied from 600 °C to 700 °C with different levels of stress for both steels: T91 and T91-TMT. The creep curves and main parameters for both steels in the different conditions were analysed. Results show a great improvement of creep strength of the T91 after the thermomechanical treatment in comparison with the conventional steel. T91-TMT presents a rupture life significantly higher than T91 and a decrease of the values of the minimum creep rate. An increase of the density of MX precipitates in the matrix of the T91-TMT due to the thermomechanical treatment in comparison with T91 can be also observed. A change in the fractography was also detected. T91-TMT specimens showed signs of brittle fracture instead of the ductile fracture, with the common necking effect detected in the T91.
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Møller, U. Døhn, CH Brahe, ML Hetland, V. Fana, S. Krabbe, M. Ammitzbøll-Danielsen, M. Østergaard, and L. Terslev. "FRI0628 Ultrasound shows signs of inflammation in most patients with rheumatoid arthritis in longstanding clinical remission, irrespective of conventional synthetic or biologic dmard therapy." In Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, 14–17 June, 2017. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2017-eular.3763.

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Pickard, David C. O., Irving J. Bigio, Stephen G. Bown, Laurence B. Lovat, Paul M. Ripley, and Marco Novelli. "Optical Biopsy for the Diagnosis of Dysplasia in Barrett’s Oesophagus." In European Conference on Biomedical Optics. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ecbo.2001.4432_179.

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Barrett’s oesophagus is an increasingly common pre-cancerous condition, which occurs in patients suffering from acid reflux into their gullet. Biopsies must be taken from patients diagnosed with this condition regularly to pick up signs of pre-cancerous changes. Elastic scattering spectroscopy offers the possibility of distinguishing between benign and pre-cancerous changes in the lower oesophagus with a relatively simple optical measurement. This ‘optical biopsy’ is correlated with a conventional histopathological specimen obtained at the same point. It is shown that to a relatively high degree of sensitivity and specificity it is possible to distinguish between pre-malignant patches, benign lesions and normal tissue.
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Zhang, Yiming, and Ye Lin. "A Study of Control Strategy for Vehicle Semi-Active Suspension System." In ASME 1991 Design Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1991-0267.

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Abstract This paper investigates a reference control strategy for Vehicle semi-active suspension. The control is conducted by following the idea optimal active controller. The passive actuator is set to optimal whenever the active and passive actuators have the same signs; and set to zero output whenever the two signs are opposite. The simulation results of a 2DoF vehicle show that the semi -active suspension system can follow the ideal active system very well, both are superior to conventional passive systems. In this paper, a 2DoF vehicle model was also used to study a statistical optimal control strategy of the semi-active suspension system. The statistical optimal concept is the result of the combination of the nonlinear programming and controllable damper. A way of estimating statistical characteristics of road irregularities was also proposed. Vehicle active, suspension, due to its perfect v i bra t i on isolation performance, gets moreand more attention. Active suspension can be generally divided into two categories, totally active suspension system and semi-active suspension system. From the published results it is known that active suspension can surpass the performance limit of conventional passive suspension and greatly improve the vehicle riding comfort and steering ability. But active suspension has a critical disadvantage of less applicability, due to its high cost and low reliability. Also it consumes large amount of energy as it works. The idea of semi-active suspension was put forward to overcome the shortcoming of active suspension. It is a compromise between active suspension and passive suspension. Semi-active suspension has approximately the same behavior as active suspension, and almost consumes no energy as it works. So semi-active suspension possesses a great potential in application. At. present, in the field of suspension research over the world, a great deal of attention is paied to semi-active suspension. At present, for the cotrol of semi-active suspension the widely studied strategy is “on off” control [1] [2], which is first put forward by Karnopp. “On-off” control can eliminate the phenomenon of vibration amplification for passive suspension, thus it can improve the suspension performance to certain extent. At present, no substantive result has been obtained yet in the field of optimal control of semi-active suspension. This paper will investigate a reference control strategy on the basis of linear optimal control. The control is conducted by following the optimal ctive controller. The referrence control result is optimal when the outputs of the active and semi-active force generators have the same signs.
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Patnaik, P. C., C. Adams, D. Fuleki, and R. Thamburaj. "Elevated Temperature Exposure of Gas Turbine Materials to a Bio-Fuel Combustion Environment." In ASME 1998 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/98-gt-164.

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The use of biomass fuels in gas turbine engines requires an examination of the effect of the fuel on the engine materials. While the fuel may be more environmentally friendly than conventional fuels, it has the potential to produce serious life limiting corrosion within gas turbine engines. The effects of the high alkali and low sulphur content of the fuel on its corrosive properties needs to be examined. To determine the extent and type of corrosion typical material systems were exposed to bio-fuel combustion products in a flame tunnel and furnace under conditions designed to promote high temperature corrosion. The preliminary results indicate that type I hot corrosion is certainly occurring with some signs of type II hot corrosion in certain material systems.
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Brown, Christopher P., and David B. Smith. "Using Improved Remote Visual Inspection Tools to Reach Intermediate Stages in Turbomachinery." In ASME 2004 Power Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2004-52055.

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Using conventional technology, only the outer stages (the first stage and the last one or two stages) of industrial steam turbines are generally accessible to visual inspection. Signs of problems such as erosion, or native or foreign object damage in the intermediate stages can only be detected by other diagnostic means, such as vibration monitoring. This deficiency can make turbine diagnosis difficult in some circumstances. A remote visual inspection technology that can penetrate to the intermediate stages through access from the first or last stages would provide more complete visual coverage. In a recent inspection of a large cross-compound steam turbine at Detroit Edison’s St. Clair Power Plant, new minimally invasive inspection tools were used to locate the cause of rotor imbalance in the low pressure turbine. Attempts to find the problem using conventional borescopes had failed — they could not be inserted far enough into the intermediate stages to locate the problem. Using the modified inspection tools, a missing shroud band segment was discovered on the L-3 stage of the low pressure turbine. Conventional tools had been unable to reach further than the L-1 stage. The new tools, featuring stiffness in the axial direction and flexibility in the radial direction, were maneuvered through ten stages of turbomachinery and were used to locate the problem and evaluate collateral damage to other turbine stages.
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Jeong, Kwangwoo, Hoon Lee, Jaihyun Lee, Sanghoon Yoo, Byungho Lee, and Sejun Kim. "Utilization of ADAS for Improving Idle Stop-and-Go Control." In ASME 2018 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2018-8931.

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Idle Stop and Go (ISG), also known as Automatic Engine Stop/Start, has been widely implemented in production vehicles as one of the “Eco” functions that save fuel, and the application has been promoted to meet stringent fuel economy regulations throughout the world. However, the vibration and the hesitation caused by engine stop and restart often discourage the usage. Because a conventional ISG system usually restarts the engine when it sees the brake pedal release, the driver may perceive a delay in immediate vehicle launch. Furthermore, there are some driving conditions where engine on/off is undesirable or unnecessary. A quick stop-and-go situation such as making a complete stop at a stop sign is one of the conditions where ISG would be inappropriate, and in those cases, ISG may irritate the driver or even end up increasing fuel consumption with too frequent engine stop/start. In order to mitigate aforementioned issues, a utilization of Advanced Driver Assistance System (ADAS) is proposed. With the surrounding traffic information obtained from the ADAS module, ISG control algorithm is able to determine when to turn on or off the engine prior to driver’s input. The applications demonstrated in this paper include the following usage examples: The ISG control logic monitors the movement of the vehicle in front and restarts the engine out of ISG mode before brake release, which eliminates the delay in the following vehicle launch. By employing traffic sign recognition and vehicle location info, the control logic is also able to inhibit engine off when the vehicle stops at stop signs which will avoid unwanted ISG activation. In this paper, the advanced ISG control logic is introduced, and the real-world vehicle test results are provided with the description of prototype vehicle configuration.
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Kuroda, S., and P. Blazdell. "Suspension Plasma Spraying of Ceramics by Using an Ink Jet Printer." In ITSC2002, edited by C. C. Berndt and E. Lugscheider. Verlag für Schweißen und verwandte Verfahren DVS-Verlag GmbH, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2002p0539.

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Abstract Coatings produced by suspension plasma spraying are characterized by their small grain size, which usually translates to better properties. In this study, a ceramic suspension is prepared from zirconia nanopowder and an organic solvent for use in an inkjet printer. The print head dispenses a stream of droplets, approximately 100 µm in size, that are injected into a dc plasma jet. Investigators found that the droplets disintegrate in transit and are much smaller by the time they hit the substrate. By heating the substrate surface, it is possible to create regularly shaped splats that are much smaller than those achieved by conventional plasma powder spraying. Although SEM examination revealed microcracks in some of the larger splats, no signs of cracking were observed in splats smaller than the critical diameter of 5 µm. Paper includes a German-language abstract.
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Faes, Koen, Jens Vermeersch, and Rafael Gomes Nunes Silva. "Joining of Metal-Plastic Composites With Advanced Welding Processes." In ASME 2021 16th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2021-61250.

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Abstract Due to the growing environmental concern and the increasing demand for more ecological methods of transportation, composite materials that combine low weight and high resistance have raised the interest of several industrial sectors. Among these materials, the metal-plastic composites (MPCs) can be highlighted, who combine a low weight and a relatively high mechanical resistance. Such materials are used in advertising signs, building panels, motor shielding, etc. Mechanical joining of MPC materials is to be avoided when protrusions are not allowed or because of aesthetical reasons. Welding is therefore considered as an interesting alternative. However, qualitative joining using welding of the MPC materials to other MPC materials or to metallic plates is a real challenge. Due to their special features (layer structure, material mix, etc.), conventional manufacturing processes are therefore only of limited or no use at all. In particular, the polymer core layer is a barrier for the use of conventional joining methods. This contribution presents a novel joining approach for MPCs. The basic approach is the local melting of the polymer layer by ultrasonic waves and displacement of the molten plastic material by pressure on the cover sheets. This work proposes the investigation of the use of non-conventional solid-state welding processes, such as ultrasonic welding (USW) and refill friction stir spot welding (RFSSW), for joining MPCs with aluminum sheets. Prior to the application of the joining processes, the intermediate plastic core of the MPC materials is displaced using ultrasonic vibrations, so that the materials can be joined as monolithical materials. These joining concepts are validated experimentally. The obtained weld quality is assessed based on destructive and non-destructive testing methods.
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Reports on the topic "Conventional signs"

1

Doose, Charles, and Animesh Jain. APS-U Definitions of Signs and Conventions Related to Magnets. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1172028.

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Boustati, Alma. The Advantages and Disadvantage of Double Taxation Agreements for Developing Countries. Institute of Development Studies, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.143.

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When a developing and a developed country sign Double Taxation Agreements (DTAs), its generally the case that the developing country is the one that forgoes some of its tax revenues (Braun & Fuentes, 2016). Nevertheless, developing countries enter these agreements on the assumption that this will have enough economic benefits to offset these losses (Neumayer, 2007). Besides alleviating the burden of double taxation, DTAs also have the added value of improving exchange of information, which helps combat tax evasion and avoidance (Barthel et al., 2009). One of the incentives for signing DTAs for developing countries is the increase in Foreign Direct Investments (FDIs) (Neumayer, 2007). The evidence from the literature on the link between signing DTAs and increasing FDIs is very mixed, with some finding a positive impact and others finding no impact (Quak & Timmis, 2018). However, the literature points to some clear factors that drive the relationship between FDIs and DTAs. There are also studies that attempt to quantify the tax revenue loss of developing countries when they enter DTAs. All the studies find substantial negative loss, although most do not account for the potential benefit of increased FDIs (ActionAid, 2016; IMF, 2014; Janský & Šedivý, 2018; McGauran, 2013; Van de Poel, 2016). There are also other reasons for why developing countries may still commit to negotiate and enter DTAs even when the benefits are not guaranteed. This includes increasing diplomatic ties with the treaty partner and the incentive of receiving foreign aid (Braun and Zagler, 2017). The other is a prisoner’s dilemma situation. The two most prevalent DTA conventions are the OECD Model and the UN Model. The UN Model tends to be more advantageous for developing countries compared to the OECD Model (Eyitayo-Oyesode, 2020). There are many issues over which the UN Committee’s expert members from developed and developing countries disagree but developed country member are better at influencing decisions. Finally, the OECD Model is updated more frequently, resulting in the UN one being comparatively out of date (Hearson, 2015; Quak & Timmis, 2018). Generally, the literature on the impact of DTAs on developing countries’ economies is extensive. This is especially the case for the impact of DTAs on FDIs as well as on tax revenue loss. However, because of the complexity of these issues, many of the empirical studies inevitably suffer from methodological issues that make conclusive claims very difficult. Notably missing from the literature is the impact of DTAs on international trade.
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