Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Convertisseurs multiniveaux'
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Guennegues, Virginie. "Contribution l'étude des convertisseurs multiniveaux destinés aux applications moteurs rapides." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPL094N/document.
Full textThis PhD thesis deals with multilevel inverters dedicated to high speed motors applications, used in Oil \& Gas applications. The main objective is to study a topology which enables reducing switching losses, in comparison with the conventional 3-level NPC (Neutral Point Clamped) topology. Moreover, the inverter has to provide motor input signals with a low harmonic distortion level, not to create undesired additional heating in the motor. After a study of the existing topologies, the 3-level NPP (Neutral Point Piloted) topology is chosen regarding all its benefits. Indeed, thanks to series connection of semi-conductor components, switching losses can be divided by two compared to homologous components on the NPC topology. After having compared NPC and NPP topologies in terms of waveforms and losses distribution in components, the author interest is the experimental validation of this topology. The performances reached by the NPP inverter are interesting because it enables to switch two times faster than for a NPC topology for a given current or to switch a higher current for a given switching frequency. The switching schemes of the NPP leg are studied to understand the gain obtained on this topology. In spite of the fact that switching frequency can be doubled on the NPP topology, the sinus filter can not be avoided in order to respect harmonic specification on the motor. A sinus filter with coupled inductances is introduced so that to responds the different sizing criteria
Becker, Florent. "Contribution à la continuité de service des convertisseurs statiques multiniveaux." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0202/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with continuity of service of multilevel power converters, during the failure of one of their power components. The studied converter topologies are the following, widely used in industrial applications: Neutral Point Clamped (NPC) and Neutral Point Piloted (NPP) or T-Type. First, to reduce the failure rate of the converter, an advanced control is proposed ; it increases the lifetime of the power components by minimizing the number of switchings over a period. This idea is based on the fact that a multilevel converter makes possible to generate the same output voltage level from several different switching sequences. The principle of the proposed control will be developed in a general way. Then, it is applied to the cases of 5-level "H-bridge" topologies, NPP (or T-Type) and NPC. Then, the continuity of service in nominal mode is studied for a 5 level "H-brige" NPP (or T-Type) converter, when an open circuit failure occurs on a power component. We first propose a fault diagnosis, consisting in a fault detection step, followed by the location of the faulty component. Then, an original fault-tolerant converter topology will ensure the continuity of service of the system, by modifying the control according to the localized faulty component. Reconfigurable digital electronic architectures based on Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) components will be dedicated to the diagnosis and the reconfiguration of the control; they will perform high temporal performances. All the results presented in this paper are validated by modeling and simulation. Then, they are experimentally validated on a test bench
Becker, Florent. "Contribution à la continuité de service des convertisseurs statiques multiniveaux." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0202.
Full textThis thesis deals with continuity of service of multilevel power converters, during the failure of one of their power components. The studied converter topologies are the following, widely used in industrial applications: Neutral Point Clamped (NPC) and Neutral Point Piloted (NPP) or T-Type. First, to reduce the failure rate of the converter, an advanced control is proposed ; it increases the lifetime of the power components by minimizing the number of switchings over a period. This idea is based on the fact that a multilevel converter makes possible to generate the same output voltage level from several different switching sequences. The principle of the proposed control will be developed in a general way. Then, it is applied to the cases of 5-level "H-bridge" topologies, NPP (or T-Type) and NPC. Then, the continuity of service in nominal mode is studied for a 5 level "H-brige" NPP (or T-Type) converter, when an open circuit failure occurs on a power component. We first propose a fault diagnosis, consisting in a fault detection step, followed by the location of the faulty component. Then, an original fault-tolerant converter topology will ensure the continuity of service of the system, by modifying the control according to the localized faulty component. Reconfigurable digital electronic architectures based on Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) components will be dedicated to the diagnosis and the reconfiguration of the control; they will perform high temporal performances. All the results presented in this paper are validated by modeling and simulation. Then, they are experimentally validated on a test bench
Ralaivao, Rajaonimaria Hugues. "Commande des structures matricielles multiniveaux : application au convertisseur NPC." Lille 1, 1999. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1999/50376-1999-455.pdf.
Full textBen, Abdelghani Hafedh. "Étude, conception et réalisation d'un convertisseur statique hybride multiniveaux tolérant aux défauts." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016INPT0042/document.
Full textGiven the importance of power converter safety operation in several fields (electric traction, renewable energy, etc ..), it is necessary to examine availability of these systems in the case of malfunction of an IGBT module, a converter leg or a phase machine. Thus, it is essential to develop new hardware architectures and software controls capable of operating at significant power after fault occurence. This thesis deals with a new multilevel fault tolerant hybrid topology. It consists on adding to a 3-phase 3-level NPC (Neutral Point Clamped) inverter, a fourth 3-level FC (Flying Cap) leg. New techniques of fault tolerance parts, namely detection, isolation, reconfiguration and system control during post fault mode, are proposed, analyzed and validated with a 15kW experimental converter prototype
Fahrni, Claude. "Principe d'alimentation par convertisseurs multiniveaux à stockage intégré : application aux accélérateurs de particules /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2008. http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?nr=4034.
Full textChabert, Christophe. "Etude et modélisation de convertisseurs multiniveaux à commutation douce en vue d'applications navales /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2003. http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?nr=2771.
Full textMariéthoz, Jean-Sébastien. "Etude formelle pour la synthèse de convertisseurs multiniveaux asymétriques : topologies, modulation et commande /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?nr=3188.
Full textMissanda, Mavoungou Arsène. "Étude des systèmes éoliens raccordés au réseau électrique à l'aide de convertisseurs multiniveaux." Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2014. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/1293/1/MISSANDA_MAVOUNGOU_Ars%C3%A8ne.pdf.
Full textSerbia, Nicola. "Convertisseurs modulaires multiniveaux pour le transport d'énergie électrique en courant continu haute tension." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014INPT0007/document.
Full textThis work was performed in the frame of collaboration between the Laboratory on Plasma and Energy Conversion (LAPLACE), University of Toulouse, and the Second University of Naples (SUN). This work was supported by Rongxin Power Electronic Company (China) and concerns the use of multilevel converters in High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) transmission. For more than one hundred years, the generation, the transmission, distribution and uses of electrical energy were principally based on AC systems. HVDC systems were considered some 50 years ago for technical and economic reasons. Nowadays, it is well known that HVDC is more convenient than AC for overhead transmission lines from 800 - 1000 km long. This break-even distance decreases up to 50 km for underground or submarine cables. Over the twenty-first century, HVDC transmissions will be a key point in green electric energy development. Due to the limitation in current capability of semiconductors and electrical cables, high power applications require high voltage converters. Thanks to the development of high voltage semiconductor devices, it is now possible to achieve high power converters for AC/DC conversion in the GW power range. For several years, multilevel voltage source converters allow working at high voltage level and draw a quasi-sinusoidal voltage waveform. Classical multilevel topologies such as NPC and Flying Capacitor VSIs were introduced twenty years ago and are nowadays widely used in Medium Power applications such as traction drives. In the scope of High Voltage AC/DC converters, the Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC), proposed ten years ago by Professor R. Marquardt from the University of Munich (Germany), appeared particularly interesting for HVDC transmissions. On the base of the MMC principle, this thesis considers different topologies of elementary cells which make the High Voltage AC/DC converter more flexible and easy suitable respect to different voltage and current levels. The document is organized as follow. Firstly, HVDC power systems are introduced. Conventional configurations of Current Source Converters (CSCs) and Voltage Source Converters (VSCs) are shown. The most attractive topologies for VSC-HVDC systems are analyzed. The operating principle of the MMC is presented and the sizing of reactive devices is developed by considering an open loop and a closed loop control. Different topologies of elementary cells offer various properties in current or voltage reversibility on the DC side. To compare the different topologies, an analytical approach on the power losses evaluation is achieved which made the calculation very fast and direct. A HVDC link to connect an off-shore wind farm platform is considered as a case study. The nominal power level is 100 MW with a DC voltage of 160 kV. The MMC is rated considering press-packed IGBT and IGCT devices. Simulations validate the calculations and also allow analyzing fault conditions. The study is carried out by considering a classical PWM control with an interleaving of the cells. In order to validate calculation and the simulation results, a 10kW three-phase prototype was built. It includes 18 commutation cells and its control system is based on a DSP-FGPA platform
Song, Manguelle Joseph Song Manguelle Joseph. "Convertisseurs multiniveaux asymétriques alimentés par transformateurs multi-secondaires basse-fréquence : réactions au réseau d'alimentation /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?nr=3033.
Full textHaederli, Christoph. "Convertisseurs multiniveaux à bus continu avec point milieu : nouvelles topologies et stratégies de contrôles." Toulouse, INPT, 2008. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00001951/.
Full textIn this thesis, a new concept for the representation, the analysis and synthesis of ML (multi level) converters is introduced. This concept allows simple comprehension, comparison and classification of topologies. The family of ML converters with 3 level split DC link supply has been studied more indepth. The converter structures of this family allow for ML output generation while providing good controllability and reasonable components dimensioning. In addition to the known SMC (stacked multi cell converter) and ANPC (active neutral point clamped converter), new topologies are introduced and the functional limitations are studied. Control concepts based on CM (common mode) voltage injection and based on the use of redundant states are introduced. The performance can be significantly improved compered to state of the art control schemes
Bouhali, Omar. "CONTRIBUTION DES CONVERTISSEURS MULTINIVEAUX AU RACCORDEMENT DE LA PRODUCTION D'ORIGINE EOLIENNE SUR UN RESEAU ELECTRIQUE." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00152745.
Full textRomero, Rodríguez Miguel. "Synthèse de contrôle par supervision pour des systèmes HVDC à base de convertisseurs modulaires multiniveaux." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSEI081.
Full textThe growth of renewable energy production is changing the future of power transmission systems. In recent years, High-Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) technologies based on Modular Multilevel Converters (MMC) are embraced by industry and academia as a solution for the efficient integration of renewable energies into electrical grids. However, this type of technology introduces new challenges in the way power transmission systems are controlled and operated, as faster and more complex control strategies will be needed in a domain which nowadays relies heavily on human decision. In this context, Discrete Event Systems (DES) modeling and Supervisory Control Theory (SCT) are powerful tools for the synthesis of supervisors ensuring that the system to be controlled respects a set of behavioral specifications, imposed by the designer, within its physical limitations. This work proposes a method for the full development, from conception to implementation, of the supervisory control of a multi-terminal DC (MTDC) system. A functional analysis on the considered system has been done so as to identify the main components and operational modes of the grid. Then, the proposed solution is based on the discrete-event modeling of the continuous-time behavior of the components in the system. From there, SCT concepts are applied so as to obtain a hierarchical control architecture taking into account the priority of some control actions that should be treated at the local level. Furthermore, the obtained discrete controllers present a mode-switching structure in order to realize mode management during the operation of the MTDC grid. Finally, a method for the implementation of the obtained controllers in widespread power system simulation software is proposed. The whole work has been validated through the simulation of a case study, involving the mode management of a 3-terminal bipolar MTDC system
Bouhali, Omar. "Contribution des convertisseurs multiniveaux au raccordement de la production d'origine éolienne sur un réseau électrique." Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2007. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2007/50376-2007-Bouhali.pdf.
Full textThis work deals with the evaluation of the possibilities which offers the multilevel converters for the connection of a wind generation system including a storage system. First of all, modeling and control of the connection are given. Classically, the grid converter is controlled to regulate the intermediate continuous bus. The use of a NPC converter topology requires the balancing of the DC-bus voltage. A solution based on the redundant configurations is proposed. Then, the modeling and the control of a three-phase multilevel inverter are presented by extending the presented concepts, which are established by using the vectorial mathematical tools. The storage unit is used to control the continuous bus and consequently compensate the fluctuations of the wind power. The energy supervision of the association of both sources is presented and the operation range is given. Various possibilities of the connection of both sources are proposed and evaluated. Experimental validations are given. Finally, the use of a converter using four series capacitors in the DC-bus is developed for the multi source system connections. Various possibilities of connection on this continuous bus are investigated. The supervision system of the powers for each case is also given
Ahmadi, Sajjad. "Contribution à l'étude de la tolérance de pannes de convertisseurs multiniveaux en pont en H." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LORR0026.
Full textEnsuring service continuity in safety-critical applications is indispensable. In some of these applications, the multilevel inverters play a vital role. Hence, employing a multilevel converter with fault tolerant feature is of great importance. In this regard, a fault tolerant five-level Neutral Point Clamped (NPC) inverter is proposed in this research work. The proposed fault diagnosis algorithm is based on failure mode analysis, which is a logic based approach. The realization of this strategy does not require any component modeling and complicated calculations. Although switches are more fragile than clamping diodes, clamping diodes are also subjected to breakdown. Hence, identification of a defective clamping diode is also studied in this research work. Moreover, for fault detection procedure, a voltage quantifier is proposed to avoid any misdiagnosis arising from measurement errors and voltage drop in the circuit. Following to the fault diagnosis, the proposed fault tolerant strategy aims to restore the rated voltage and current at the inverter terminal in the presence of an open-circuit fault in a switch or in a clamping or anti-parallel diode. Compared with healthy operation, harmonic content of the terminal voltage and current is not increased. The proposed fault tolerant structure does not include any contactor or bidirectional switch, which allows fast triggering of fault tolerant operation. The simulation and experimental results are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed approaches. A fault is detected in 20 µs and localized between 20 and 60 µs after occurrence, depending on the faulty semiconductor (switch or clamping diode)
Mahamat, Chabakata. "Analyse et commandes des convertisseurs multi-niveaux pour un générateur photovoltaïque connecté au réseau électrique." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLN024/document.
Full textThis PhD work, prepared at SATIE laboratory, is part of the promotion of solar photovoltaic (PV) energy. In this work, we are particularly interested in design and control of the grid-connected PV system in a context of use in Chad where cost, reliability, efficiency, and energy quality issues of the system should be taken into account. The considered grid is a low voltage grid (220 V) with a frequency equal to fifty hertz (50 Hz) but likely to vary, in which a power of five point two ( 5.2 kW) is injected. A design method of the filter passive to reduce the filter elements is proposed firstly. In order to reduce manufacturing cost and volume of the passive filter, we apply a technique consisting of dividing each inductance value and making it in several small inductances in series. This technique optimizes the conventional PV system. Then, we proposed a new grid-connected PV system architecture using a multi-level inverter. The adaptation of this innovative structure has reduced the manufacturing cost of passive filter by nearly 40 % compared to the classical optimized system. Finally, a decoupled PQ control, using a phase locked loop for sysnchronization, has been designed and applied for both systems. It is well adapted to the system with multilevel inverter
Amamra, Sid-Ali. "Conversion statique continu - alternatif multiniveaux : application à la mutualisation d'énergies renouvelables par le réseau de distribution." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013VERS0063.
Full textA new multilevel converter topology has been proposed in this thesis. The first part deals with harmonics spectrum optimization for a six-level three-phase inverter controlled through pre calculated switching angle. A new selective harmonic elimination method using pulse height modulation PHM strategy has been proposed. Compliance analysis is proposed to demonstrate the conformity to IEEE Std 519-1992 and IEC 61000-3-12 norms. In the second part is devoted to the proposal of a novel six-level converter topology for electrical traction application. A new six-level inverter structure has been proposed and developed, it has twelve power switches. A prototype of the structure was carried out in laboratory-based Semikron 200V MOSFET 120A valves, and controlled through a dSPACE 1103 card. Simulation and experimental validation was achieved through several tests
Morati, Mathieu. "Contribution à l'étude et au contrôle des convertisseurs multiniveaux : application à la compensation des fours à arc." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0052/document.
Full textThis thesis is dedicated to the multilevel converters and addresses issues related to compensation for disturbance generated on an electrical network such as those produced by arc furnaces. It is composed of four chapters covering the themes of modeling of electrical networks, voltage converters, control and compensation strategies, with simulations and experimental results obtained on high power industrial equipment. There are many networks applications and multilevel converters are here considered to be directly connected to distribution networks. Therefore, a state of the art of different voltage converters, classics and multilevel topologies, is presented and the topologies called modular are retained for further studies. These converters use modular power cells made of H bridges, ½ bridges or 3-level H bridges connected in cascade. They allow to create different types of configurations or couplings called in this memory: star, delta and double stars. The different modules and the strategies to control them are investigated around the same switching power component (IGBT 2.5kV/1.5kA). Through electrical and thermal fields, a method is proposed to estimate their losses, junction temperatures in order to determine the limits of use of such a component of power. Sizing and reliability of these converters is also discussed for each considerer configurations in order to identify the advantages and disadvantages for a network application. Generally, the multilevel converters control strategy is difficult because of the multiple sources of DC voltages to control. In this context, control strategies are proposed and validated in simulation according to the types of modules and configuration used to compensation for disturbance of an arc furnace. Finally, the last part of this thesis is devoted to the experimental results based on an industrial compensator DSVC (Dynamic Static Var Compensator) for arc furnace compensation. The different results obtained at several industrial sites have thus allowed the validation of the various works exposed in this thesis
Morati, Mathieu. "Contribution à l'étude et au contrôle des convertisseurs multiniveaux : application à la compensation des fours à arc." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0052.
Full textThis thesis is dedicated to the multilevel converters and addresses issues related to compensation for disturbance generated on an electrical network such as those produced by arc furnaces. It is composed of four chapters covering the themes of modeling of electrical networks, voltage converters, control and compensation strategies, with simulations and experimental results obtained on high power industrial equipment. There are many networks applications and multilevel converters are here considered to be directly connected to distribution networks. Therefore, a state of the art of different voltage converters, classics and multilevel topologies, is presented and the topologies called modular are retained for further studies. These converters use modular power cells made of H bridges, ½ bridges or 3-level H bridges connected in cascade. They allow to create different types of configurations or couplings called in this memory: star, delta and double stars. The different modules and the strategies to control them are investigated around the same switching power component (IGBT 2.5kV/1.5kA). Through electrical and thermal fields, a method is proposed to estimate their losses, junction temperatures in order to determine the limits of use of such a component of power. Sizing and reliability of these converters is also discussed for each considerer configurations in order to identify the advantages and disadvantages for a network application. Generally, the multilevel converters control strategy is difficult because of the multiple sources of DC voltages to control. In this context, control strategies are proposed and validated in simulation according to the types of modules and configuration used to compensation for disturbance of an arc furnace. Finally, the last part of this thesis is devoted to the experimental results based on an industrial compensator DSVC (Dynamic Static Var Compensator) for arc furnace compensation. The different results obtained at several industrial sites have thus allowed the validation of the various works exposed in this thesis
Videt, Arnaud. "Variateur de vitesse à impact électromagnétique réduit : onduleur multiniveaux et nouvelles stratégies de modulation." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00365461.
Full textBodel, Catherine. "Comparaison des structures d'onduleurs de tension multiniveaux sur la base du dimensionnement des éléments réactifs et des pertes dans les semi-conducteurs." Lille 1, 2001. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2001/50376-2001-49.pdf.
Full textBartholomeus, Patrick. "Contribution à l'étude des redresseurs à facteur de puissance quasi-unitaire fonctionnant en mode multiniveaux : application au chargeur de batteries." Lille 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LIL10078.
Full textHembert, Francky. "Etude et réalisation d'un filtre actif monophasé à structure multiniveaux obtenue par mise en série de ponts à quatre interrupteurs." Lille 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LIL10196.
Full textMartins, Carlos de Almeida. "Contrôle direct du couple d'une machine asynchrone alimentée par convertisseur multiniveaux à fréquence imposée." Doctoral thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/11690.
Full textMartins, Carlos de Almeida. "Contrôle direct du couple d'une machine asynchrone alimentée par convertisseur multiniveaux à fréquence imposée." Tese, Toulouse, INPT, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/11690.
Full textBergna, Diaz Gilbert. "Modular Multilevel Converter Control for HVDC Operation : Optimal Shaping of the Circulating Current Signal for Internal Energy Regulation." Thesis, CentraleSupélec, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SUPL0017/document.
Full textFollowing Europe’s 2020 growth program, the Energy Roadmap 2050 launched by the European Commission (EC) has officially set a long term path for a low-carbon economy, assuming a reduction of at least 80% of greenhouse gas emissions by the year 2050. Meeting such ambitious requirements will imply a major change in paradigm, including the electricity grid infrastructure as we know it.The breakthroughs in semi-conductor technology and the advances in power electronics topologies and control have added momentum to the on-going process of turning the SuperGrid into a reality. Perhaps the most recent breakthrough occurred in 2003, when Prof. Marquardt introduced the Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC or M2C) which is now the preferred power electronic topology that is starting to be used in VSC-HVDC stations. It does however, introduce a number of rather complex challenges such as “additional” circulating currents within the converter itself, causing extra losses and potentially unstable operation. In addition, the MMC will be required to properly balance the capacitive energy stored within its different arms, while transferring power between the AC and DC grids that it interfaces.The present Thesis project aimed to design adequate “high-level” MMC control strategies suited for HVDC applications, under balanced and unbalanced AC grid conditions. The resulting control strategy is derived with a “top-to-bottom” design approach, inherent to optimization strategies, where the desired performance of the MMC results in the control scheme that will be applied. More precisely, the Lagrange multipliers optimization methodology is used to calculate the minimal MMC circulating current reference signals in phase coordinates, capable of successfully regulating the capacitive arm energies of the converter, while reducing losses and voltage fluctuations, and effectively decoupling any power oscillations that would take place in the AC grid and preventing them from propagating into the DC grid
Freytes, Julian. "Analyse de stabilité en petit signaux des Convertisseurs Modulaires Multiniveaux et application à l’étude d'interopérabilité des MMC dans les Réseaux HVDC." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ECLI0022/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with the modeling and control of MMCs in the context of MTDC. The first objective is to obtain an MMC model in dq frame which can reproduce accurately the AC- and DC- interactions, while representing at the same time the internal dynamics which may interact with the rest of the system. This model is suitable to be linearized and to study its stability, among other linear techniques. Then, based on the developed dq model, different control strategies are developed based on the state-of-the-art on MMC controllers. Since the order of the system may be a limiting factor for studying MTDC grids with many MMCs, different reduced-order models are presented and compared with the detailed dq model. Finally, the developed MMC models with different controllers are used for the MTDC studies. The impact of the chosen controllers of each MMC is evaluated, highlighting the potential issues that may occur in multivendor schemes
Leredde, Alexandre. "Etude, Commande et Mise en Oeuvre de Nouvelles Structures Multiniveaux." Phd thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00668376.
Full textGoualard, Olivier. "Utilisation de semi-conducteurs GaN basse tension pour l'intégration des convertisseurs d'énergie électrique dans le domaine aéronautique." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2016. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/20325/1/GOUALARD_Olivier.pdf.
Full textBerkouk, El Madjid. "Contribution a la conduite des machines asynchrones monophasee et triphasee alimentees par des convertisseurs directs et indirects. Application aux gradateurs et onduleurs multiniveaux." Paris, CNAM, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995CNAM0212.
Full textBriault, Franck. "Contribution à la prédiction des perturbations électromagnétiques engendrées par un véhicule électrique." Paris 11, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA112461.
Full textTaking into account EMC aspects during the development of automotive projects needs to make use of numerical prediction tools. This present work, which has been realised in the PSA Peugeot Citroën company, gives a contribution to this long term goal, applied to the emissivity of the electric vehicle. Due to the high degree of complexity of this type of vehicle, we have to elaborate an hypothesis to simplify the representation, based on the high supposed shielding effectiveness of the electronic enclosure used. A numerical comparison has been obtained, between the radiation of a shielded electronic enclosure, and a typical structure with cables. Yet, it is necessary to obtain a numerical model of the shielded enclosure. To validate such a model, comparisons between computation and measurements are required. The plane wave experimental simulator existing at PSA permits to caracterise quickly the shielding effectiveness of the enclosure, by way of reception tests. Likewise, this property is used to validate the numerical modelisation, simulating the illumination of the enclosure. Meanwhile, this validation study has permitted to reveal the limitations of the numerical tool ASERIS BE©. It could then be developped in the AEROSPATIALE company, and adapted to the constraints of an automotive use. We could show threw this study the poor quality of the serial shielding used on board, in particular situation (low frequency magnetic field), which causes reciprocally high radiation levels outside. This has been illustrated in evaluating numerically the magnetic field radiated in a real vehicle. Then, threw the numerical prediction, we were able to give precious indications, concerning the interference hazards, and the location of sensitive receptors
Leredde, Alexandre. "Etude, commande et mise en œuvre de nouvelles structures multiniveaux." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INPT0094/document.
Full textThis PhD Thesis deals with the study of new multilevel structures. At the beginning of this work, a new methodology to create new multilevel structures has been conceived. To evaluate the performances of these structures, there are many possibilities: number of output voltage levels, number of components, and the quality of the converters’ output waveforms. The list of criteria is not exhaustive. One technique to obtain an output multilevel waveform is to split the DC link in several capacitors. There is a limitation since putting more than two capacitors in serial connection leads to an unbalancing of these voltage capacitors. Several solutions are possible to balance these voltages. The first one uses the control of the structure in a three phase application, using a space vector modulation and minimizing the energy stored in the DC link. The second solution consists in using auxiliary circuits, which realize an energy transfer between one capacitor to another through an inductor. The drawback of this method is the high number of components. This problem can be reduced sharing some components between the three phases of the converter. The third part of this study is related to multicell converters, structures with very interesting good properties. New converter structures mix serial and parallel multicell converters, to obtain a hybrid converter with similar performances to the two basic converters. An experimental prototype was built to validate the results of the PhD. The digital control of this hybrid structure was made with a FPGA where two DSP processors were implemented
Li, Yafang. "Etude d’un convertisseur DC-DC pour les réseaux haute tension à courant continu (HVDC) : modélisation et contrôle du convertisseur DC-DC modulaire multiniveaux (M2DC)." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ECLI0006/document.
Full textThis work is based on Multi Terminal Direct Current (MTDC) grids. In the MTDC grid, DC/DC converter stations are needed to connect different HVDC grids. A lot of DC/DC converters have been studied and developed, but are not suitable for high voltage and great power constraints. Therefore, the objective of this work is the study of a DC/DC converter for high voltage and great power applications. For the potentially HVDC applications, the volume and costs are major criteria. According to this, a high voltage and great power potential DC/DC converter is selected, which is the DC-DC Modular Multilevel Converter (M2DC). Focusing on the M2DC, the work proposes analyses in steady state and builds an average model for the converter. Based on the average model, the basic control algorithm for the converter is developed to validate the previous analysis. Since the thesis aims to use the existing L2EP Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC) to test the M2DC model and control, a design of the M2DC based on MMC is proposed. Finally, the M2DC HIL (Hardware In-the-Loop) simulations results are presented confirming previous analyses and allowing to go on to prototyping the M2DC on the base of the existing MMC
Shinoda, Kosei. "Contrôle et opération des réseaux HVDC multi-terminaux à base de convertisseurs MMC." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ECLI0017.
Full textThe scope of this thesis includes control and management of the Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC)-based Multi-Terminal Direct Current (MTDC).At first, our focus is paid on the internally stored energy, which is the important additional degree of freedom brought by the complex topology of MMC. In order to draw out the utmost of this additional degree of freedom, an in-depth analysis of the limits of this internally stored energy is carried out, and they are mathematically formulated.Then, this degree of freedom of the MMC is used to provide a completely new solution to improve the DC voltage dynamics. A novel control strategy, named Virtual Capacitor Control, is proposed. Under this control, the MMC behaves as if there were a physical capacitor whose size is adjustable. Thus, it is possible to virtually increase the equivalent capacitance of the DC grid to mitigate the DC voltage fluctuations in MTDC systems.Finally, the scope is extended to MMC-based MTDC grid. One of the crucial challenges for such system is to cope with a sudden loss of a converter station which may lead to a great variation of the system voltage. The voltage droop method is commonly used for this purpose. The analysis shows that the desired control action may not be exerted when the available headroom of the converter stations are insufficient. We thus propose a novel voltage droop control structure which permits to provide different actions depending on the sign of DC voltage deviation caused by the disturbance of system voltage as well as an algorithm that determines the droop parameters taking into account the operating point and the available headroom of each station
Solano, Saenz Eduard Hernando. "Étude des convertisseurs multicellulaires série - parallèle et de leurs stratégies de commande, approches linéaire et prédictive." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2014. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/13939/1/solano.pdf.
Full textPham, Thi Thuy Linh. "Contribution à l'étude de nouveaux convertisseurs sécurisés à tolérance de panne pour systèmes critiques à haute performance. Application à un PFC Double- Boost 5 Niveaux." Phd thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00656620.
Full textGarreau, Clément. "Etude et modélisation de stratégies de régulation linéaires découplantes appliquées à un convertisseur multicellulaire parallèle." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018INPT0040/document.
Full textThe parallel multilevel converters allow high current with a high power-weight ratio by associatingcommutation cells in parallel. This parallelization reduces the current in each cells and so onpermits to use standard range of components. With an adapted command the quality of the outputwaveforms is improved. This report will focus on a specific structure made off Buck converter withmagnetic coupling. Indeed thanks to the interleaved command, the output current ripple is reducedbut in return using separated inductances on each leg leads an increasing of the leg current ripple,directly linked to the number of leg and the ripple of the output current. In order to avoid thisproblem those inductances are replaced by one or more intercell transformers (ICT) that reducethe ripple of each leg current. However in a way to ensure unsaturated ICTs and good integrationit is necessary to balance the current of each leg despite parameter variation. Thus this report isfocused on modeling uncoupling methods for the system ensuring an equal distribution of thecurrents with duty cycles differences. Those modeling methods were generalized to achieve to analgorithm which generate control law whatever the number of leg. In the last part those controllaws are tested on a test bench by implementing them on a FPGA board to validate experimentallythe results
Laamiri, Saber. "Commande des systèmes électriques : machines synchrones et convertisseurs multi-niveaux." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ECDN0031/document.
Full textThis PhD thesis aims to the observation and control of multilevel converters and the synchronous machines control. To satisfy the needs of GS Maintenance's customers and for maintenance reasons, a control strategy for a current fed self controlled synchronous machine is validated by experiments tests. The proposed strategy focus on a very low speed because the machine counter electromotive force is insufficient for inverter thyristors switching. Recently, the company proposed for its customers a power converter with medium voltage to keep its place in the speed variation. So, a modern voltage control of the synchronous machine fed by a voltage inverter is proposed and validated by simulation results. Medium voltage operation encouraged the company to choose the multi-level converter. Then, the flying capacitor converter is proposed in this work and a direct control based on the sliding mode theory and the priority principle is designed to guarantee the voltage balance. This control strategy has been generalized for any number of cells of the converter and validated by simulation results for a 7 cells converter. To reduce the cost and complexity of the converter, an adaptive observer floating voltages is proposed by taking into account the switching states of the converter. This observer is then associated with the direct control in closed loop. A test bench of a 3 cells converter is set up in the company. Experimental tests of « observer based direct control » are then conducted on this test bench
Erroui, Najoua. "High power conversion chain for hybrid aircraft propulsion." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019INPT0106.
Full textRecently, the use of air transport systems has increased considerably. Therefore, the current environmental considerations are pushing to reduce their ecological impact. Projects such as Clean Sky 2 provide an answer to this problem, by proposing a reduction in CO2 emissions and noise pollution. The development of a hybrid-electric aircraft would reduce these emissions by reducing the size and weight of the systems and using more efficient electrical systems. This would reduce fuel consumption and therefore pollutant emissions. This work takes part into HASTECS Clean Sky 2 European project which aims to optimize the complete electrical chain of the hybrid aircraft integrating all aeronautical constraints such as partial discharges for electrical equipment placed in the non-pressurized zone. HASTECS project has set itself the challenge of doubling the specific power of electric machines including their cooling from 5 kW/kg to 10 kW/kg, while the power electronics, with their cooling system, would evolve from 15 kW/kg in 2025 to 25 kW/kg in 2035. To increase the specific power, the cooling system mass should be decreased either by optimizing its components which is done by the 4th work package (WP4) or by reducing power losses. Inverter losses reduction could be achieved by using small voltage rating components, by playing on modulation strategies or by using more performant semiconductors. The first option could be done by using multilevel architectures to avoid the direct series association. Unlike direct series association, the parallel one is easier to manage in terms of switches command so it was allowed in our studies. Several inverter topologies (2-, 3- and 5-level topologies) and modulation strategies (PWM, third harmonic injection, discontinuous PWM and full-wave) were compared using several semiconductors generations to choose the most performant solution in terms of efficiency and specific power. For the considered mission profile, the inverter could be sized for the maximum power point (takeoff) or the most extended flight phase (cruise). A comparative study of modulation strategies was carried out to highlight the structure and modulation presenting the best performance to minimize the losses for the chosen sizing points using most interesting topologies for the studied mission profile using two electrical motor windings configurations proposed by WP1
Pham, Thi Thuy Linh. "Contribution à l’étude de nouveaux convertisseurs sécurisés à tolérance de panne pour systèmes critiques à haute performance. Application à un PFC Double- Boost 5 Niveaux." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INPT0095/document.
Full textThis work is an exploration and an evaluation of new variants of multi-level AC/DC topologies (PFC) considering their global reliability and availability: electrical safety with an internal failure and post-failure operation. They are based on a non-differential AC and centre tap connection that led to symmetrical arrangement cells in series. These topologies permit an intrinsic active redundancy between cells in a same group and a segregation capability between the two symmetrical groups of cells. More again, they are modular and they can be paralleled and derived to any number of levels. Only single low-voltage (600V) transistor pear cell is used avoiding the short-circuit risk due to an unwanted control signal. Comparisons, taking into account losses, distribution losses, rating and stresses (overvoltage and over-temperature) during the post-operation are presented. Results highlight the proposed 5-level Double-Boost Flying Capacitor topology. This one was patented at the beginning of thesis, as a solution with the best compromise. On the theoretical side, we show that the reliability calculation based only on a "first fault occurrence" criterion is inadequate to really describe this type of topology. The inclusion of fault tolerance capability is needed to evaluate the overall reliability law (i.e. including a second failure). The adaptation of theoretical models with constant failure rate including overvoltage and over-temperature dependencies exhibit an increasing of the reliability over a short time. This property is an advantage for embedded systems with monitoring condition. Local detection and rapid diagnosis of an internal failure were also examined in this work. Two methods are proposed firstly, by a direct flying caps monitoring and secondly, by a realtime and digital synchronous demodulation of the input sampled voltage at the switching frequency (magnitude and phase). Both techniques have been integrated on FPGA and DSP frame and evaluated on a AC230V-7kW DC800V – 31kHz lab. set-up. We put forward the interest of the second method which only uses one input voltage sensor. Finally, we propose in this dissertation a new generic X-level PFC Vienna using, in 5-level version, half transistors and drivers for identical input frequency and levels. At the cost of a slight increase of losses and density losses, this topology appears very attractive for the future. A preliminary lab. set-up and test were also realized and presented at the end of the thesis
Ghennam, Tarak. "Supervision d'une ferme éolienne pour son intégration dans la gestion d'un réseau électrique, Apports des convertisseurs multi niveaux au réglage des éoliennes à base de machine asynchrone à double alimentation." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00708171.
Full textChebbah, Mohamed Talel. "Étude et simulation d'un convertisseur multiniveaux type PUC." Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2014. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/1313/7/CHEBBAH_Mohamed_Talel.pdf.
Full textGaptia, Maï Moussa Lawan. "Gestion optimale d'énergie électrique à partir des sources d'énergies renouvelables dédiées aux sites isolés Power control for decentralized energy production system based on the renewable energies — using battery to compensate the wind/load/PV power fluctuations Three level Neutral-Point-Clamped Inverter Control Strategy using SVPWM for Multi-Source System Applications Wind turbine and Batteries with Variable Speed Diesel Generator for Micro-grid Applications." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMLH28.
Full textThe thesis works are part of the research work of the thematic team: Mastery of Renewable Energies and Storage Systems (MERS) of the GREAH-EA3220 laboratory. They include the dimensioning of the constituent elements of the system and the optimal management of electrical energy for a hybrid system (Variable speed Diesel, Wind, PV and Batteries) dedicated to isolated sites. Power sources supply loads through multi-level converters of power electronics. The generator set with a variable speed diesel engine is considered to be the main source of energy used to control the DC voltage at the coupling point. This type of generator is chosen to optimize fuel consumption. It is used to deliver an electrical power compatible with the engine speed which does not tolerate frequent and rapid variations. Renewable energy sources whose share of energy is sought to meet demand are managed so as to instantly extract the maximum power available from resources (sunshine, wind). These thus impose their dynamics and their intermittences at the coupling point. The battery pack is used to compensate for rapid fluctuations in energy from renewable energy sources compared to a slower evolution supported by the generator. Interactions within the resulting hybrid electrical system are managed by means of multi-level static converters (AC / DC, DC / DC and DC / AC). An electrical energy management approach based on the frequency distribution of disturbances induced at the coupling point by renewable sources. An experimental platform on a reduced scale (1/22) has been developed to experimentally validate theoretical approaches and simulations. The results of simulations obtained in the Matlab / Simulink / SimPowerSystems software environment and those from the experimental device produced and piloted by dSPACE-1104 prove the adequacy of the proposed control methods
Brandelero, Julio Cezar. "Conception et réalisation d'un convertisseur multicellulaire DC/DC isolé pour application aéronautique." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2015. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/14246/1/Brandelero.pdf.
Full textRiachy, Léa. "Contribution à la commande d'un onduleur multiniveaux, destinée aux énergies renouvelables, en vue de réduire le déséquilibre dans les réseaux électriques." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMR076/document.
Full textThe work in this research thesis presents a contribution to voltage regulation in electrical networks. By considering adequate active and reactive powers injection into the grid, voltage control and load balancing are provided. These powers are generated from a grid connected renewable energy conversion system : a special attention was paid to the Wind Energy ConversionSystem (WECS) based on Doubly-Fed Induction Generator (DFIG).The typical control strategy for WECS is the maximum power coefficient tracking method. However, this method limits desirable ancillary power services, such as the participation of wind turbines in voltage regulation in the power grid. Therefore, a new method that derives the optimal power coefficient enhancing the participation of WTS in voltage regulation in the network (reactive and unbalanced power compensation), has been developed. The multilevel NPC (Neutral Point Clamped) converter, used for grid interface connection of renewable energy sources systems, has been studied. A predictive control method for the three-level NPC converter, capable of simultaneously compensating the problems of : DC link capacitors voltage balancing, load balancing and power factor correction in the power system, has been proposed. Then, the application of this predictive control was extended to simultaneously achieve multiple objectives: load balancing with power factor correction in the network, DC link capacitors voltage balancing, switching losses minimization and common mode voltage reduction. The switching losses minimization was obtained by proposing a new strategy which consists on exploiting the manufacturer datasheets that gives the evolution of the switching loss energy in function of the circulating current. The experimental curves of the datasheet are expressed in a mathematical model implemented in the predictive control. Simulation and experimental results are presented to evaluate the performance of the proposed method
Zhang, Haibo. "Analysis and performance enhancement of a series parallel offshore wind farm topology integrated into a HVDC grid." Thesis, Lille 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL10156/document.
Full textThe massive exploitation of far offshore wind energy relies heavily on the High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) transmission system, in which dedicated offshore substations for converting power from AC into DC are necessary. However, the bulky offshore platform is costly and its installation is complicated. This thesis aims to contribute to the study of a pure DC offshore wind farm topology which exports its energy to onshore without using an offshore centralized power conversion substation. The examined wind farm topology is called Series Parallel Wind Farm (SPWF), which comprises several clusters of wind turbines connected in series, so that the output converters of the wind turbines step up the voltage to a higher level for direct power transmission. However, due to this distinctive feature, unbalanced power production of wind turbines leads to output voltage variation of wind turbines, which is harmful to the wind turbines. The work carried out in this thesis begins with the identification of the basic elements to constitute the SPWF. Afterwards, the operation of the SPWF is explained and its overvoltage characteristic is described and emphasized. An overvoltage limitation control strategy is developed, which requires an active participation of the onshore converter. Hence, the onshore Multilevel Modular Converter (MMC) as well as the HVDC cables models are examined. The control strategy is applied to both Point-to-Point (P2P) HVDC transmission system and Multi-Terminal DC (MTDC) systems. The results validate the feasibility of the proposed strategy, and demonstrate its advantage of no power curtailment requirement to limit the wind turbines output voltage
Ghennam, Tarak. "Supervision d’une ferme éolienne pour son intégration dans la gestion d’un réseau électrique, Apports des convertisseurs multi niveaux au réglage des éoliennes à base de machine asynchrone à double alimentation." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ECLI0012/document.
Full textThis research work deals with two topics conditioning the large scale development of wind turbines into electrical grids. The first is devoted to the development of new algorithms for the control of Doubly Fed Induction Machine (DFIM) based wind energy conversion systems. Two direct current control strategies have been proposed and are based on the hysteresis square areas (HZCA) and hysteresis circular areas (HZCI). Both strategies apply an appropriate voltage vector to control the active and reactive powers delivered to the grid, and also, to balance the voltages of the inner DC bus converter. Simulation and experimental results show that the HZCI strategy is better than HZCA in terms of output voltage waveforms and harmonic contain.The second topic is dedicated to the active and reactive powers supervision in a wind farm in order to supply prescribed power references from the grid operator. This supervision is ensured by a centralized algorithm that distributes power references between wind turbines in a proportional way. These references are calculated according to the maximum production capacity of wind turbines. An analysis of the power flow in the DFIM based wind energy system has been made to identify the (P, Q) characteristic and to calculate limits in terms of reactive power compensation. The local power management of each wind system has been developed allowing the powers distribution between the stator of the DFIM and the grid side converter by considering several operating modes of the wind generator
Vidales, Luna Benjamin. "Architecture de convertisseur intégrant une détection de défauts d'arcs électriques appliquée au sources d'énergie continues d'origine photovoltaïques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LORR0040.
Full textIn this research work, the development of a multilevel inverter for PV applications is presented. The PV inverter, has two stages one DC/DC converter and one DC/AC inverter, and is capable of generating an AC multilevel output of nine levels, it's a transformerless inverter and uses a reduced number of components compared to other topologies. The conception of a novel DC/DC converter is capable of generating two isolated DC voltage levels needed to feed the DC/AC stage. This DC/DC stage is developed in two variants, buck and boost, the _rst to perform the reduction of voltage when the DC bus is too high, and second to increase the voltage when the DC bus is too low to perform interconnection with the grid through the DC/AC inverter. This is achieved thanks to the parallel functioning of the developed topology, which make use of moderated duty cycles, that reduces the stress in the passive and switching components, reducing potential losses. The validation of the PV inverter is performed in simulation and experimental scenarios. In the other hand, the response of the inverter facing an arc fault in the DC bus is studied by performing a series of tests where the fault is generated in strategic points of the DC side, this is possible thanks to the design and construction of an arc fault generator based in the specifications of the UL1699B norm. During the tests is observed that with the apparition of an arc fault, there is a lost in the half-wave symmetry of the AC multilevel output voltage waveform, generating even harmonics which aren't present during normal operation, only when an arc fault is present in the DC system. The monitoring of even harmonics set the direction for developing the detection technique. Since the magnitude of even harmonics in the inverter is very low, the total even harmonic distortion is employed as a base for the detection technique presented in this thesis. The effectiveness of this method is verified with a series of tests performed with different loads
Forrisi, Ivano. "Contribution to renewable systems grid connected : control, stability analysis and reliability." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0345.
Full textThe aim of this PhD thesis is to analyze a PV-grid connected system in terms of control, stability and reliability. A comparison between a classical 2-Level inverter and a multilevel NPC is presented. The advantages and weakness of both the converters are analyzed with respect to the power efficiency, optimization of the energy injection to the grid and reliability of the system. In order to control the inverter output current, two different solutions are proposed: flatness-based control and passivity-based control. These controls are compared in terms of robustness, complexity and number of sensors used. It is shown that both the controls may manage the resonance problems due to a LCL filter. For increasing the efficiency of the MPPT in a configuration Distributed-MPPT with connections in series of the boost converters outputs, a novel technique for the dc voltages balancing of a NPC inverter is proposed. A large stability analysis using "Higher-Order-Singular-Value-Decomposition" is presented and compared with Takagi-Sugeno approach for nonlinear systems. Finally, 2-Level inverter is compared with two multilevel inverters (NPC and NPP) in terms of availability, considering the redundancy levels of the converters. To analyze the systems availability, the Markov chains theory is considered and it is implemented on GRIF