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1
Gargantua in a a convex mirror: Fischart's view of Rabelais. New York: Peter Lang, 1986.
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2
Tonelli, Maria Cristina, ed. Giovanni Klaus Koenig. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-191-4.
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An architect and academic, Giovanni Klaus Koenig (1924-1989) was a designer of rail means of transport, passionate scholar of trains and trams, critic of contemporary architecture and an industrial design historian. As an intellectual he was committed to solving the problems of Florence, his city. All of this in years in which critical and operational attention to the present was uncommon, the discipline of design was still to be founded, the involvement of an architect with rolling stock companies was out of the ordinary. The text aims to piece together his figure mirrored with his city and the national context, thanks to the contribution of those who had him as an interlocutor and the scholars who worked on the beaten track of his research. The goal is not limited to render the complex of a culturally incisive personality, but to highlight areas still to be explored for current scholars, those "phosphorescent trails" that he left us as a legacy.
5
Self-Portrait in a Convex Mirror: Poems (Penguin Poets). Penguin (Non-Classics), 1990.
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6
Chénetier, Marc, Olivier Brossard, John Ashbery, and Pierre Alféry. Autoportrait dans un miroir convexe: Édition critique. JOCA SERIA, 2020.
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7
Boyd Maunsell, Jerome. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198789369.003.0001.
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This chapter traces and opens up the themes that recur in the series of chapters which follow. With a brief discussion of a painting mentioned by Vasari in his Lives of the Painters—Parmigianino’s Self-Portrait in a Convex Mirror (1523–4)—ideas of illusion and truth-telling, the differences between visual and literary self-portraiture, and the difficulties in searching for the meaning of a life, are introduced. The scope of Portraits from Life is outlined, with brief definitions of memoir and autobiography, and a discussion of the thin line between fiction and autobiography in all writing. The key problems, satisfactions, and possibilities of biography and autobiography are raised, especially as they relate to the Modernist period and to writers who are also novelists. The way in which autobiography often becomes a form of group portraiture is also discussed.
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Marat, Erica. A Mirror of Society. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190861490.003.0001.
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The introductory chapter develops a new understanding of both police and police reform in the post-Soviet context. Departing from the conventional interpretation of the police as merely an institution of coercion, the chapter defines it as a medium for state-society consensus on the limits of the state’s legitimate use of violence. Police reform is, in turn, a never-ending top-down and bottom-up collaboration that may experience both great leaps forward and great setbacks, as opposed to a definite sum of projects. Depending on a country’s specific political context, changing the way the police operate will require some type of revision in how and when the state wields its monopoly on legitimate violence.
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Rychterová, Pavlína. A Crooked Mirror for Princes. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199394852.003.0010.
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This chapter examines the growing importance of the vernacular languages during the later Middle Ages in shaping the form, content, and audiences of political discourse. It presents a famously wicked king of the late Middle Ages, Wenceslas IV (1361–1419), as a case study and traces the origins of his bad reputation to a group of fourteenth- and fifteenth-century writings. These have often been dismissed as fictions or studied solely as literature, but in fact they represent new modes of articulating good and bad kingship. The chapter shows that, in the context of an increasingly literate bourgeois culture, especially in university cities, these vernacular works transformed Latin theological approaches to monarchy, while rendering mirrors for princes and related literatures accessible to an unprecedented audience.
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Schoeman, Kobus, ed. Churches in the mirror: Developing contemporary ecclesiologies. SunBonani Scholar, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18820/9781928424710.
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Ecclesiology is the study of the church and has two focal points; the one is the historical and doctrinal perspective on the church, and the other is the church as situated in a local context in the sense of the local practices of actual congregations. The ecclesiology or, more correctly, the ecclesiologies of this volume mainly focuses on the second aspect, i.e., understanding the local congregation or parish as a community of believers. A congregation may firstly be described by posing a theological question: What is the local missional church or congregation all about? This question may be answered from different perspectives, but it remains essential to answer it from a theological perspective. The first five chapters in this book focus mainly on a theological understanding of the congregation. This is done from different disciplines within the study field of theology. Congregations are, secondly, social realities and should be described and analysed through an analytical or empirical lens, or, to answer the question attached to the first empirical-descriptive task of practical theology, “What is going on?”. The remaining chapters use a quantitative and qualitative lens and give an empirical analysis of the congregation. The intention is to critically reflect on the church and congregations’ ecclesiology from a theological and analytical perspective with an emphasis on the South African context. It wants to map markers for the development of contemporary ecclesiologies, and the different chapters are meant as mirrors to look in and reflect on the theological and contextual relevance of denominations and congregations in South Africa.
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Ahmed, Amel. American Political Development in the Mirror of Europe. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190846374.003.0006.
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Area-specific knowledge is indispensable for studying political development, but this can also lead to “blindspots” when conducting historical research if one’s horizons are limited to conventionally defined “areas.” Focusing on the 19th century, the author argues that the compartmentalization of the study of European and American political development has restricted our understanding of both. Particularly in struggles over democratization, pre-democratic elites in both regions saw their fates as linked and adopted similar strategies. In fact, one such strategy—the manipulation of electoral systems to limit working-class influence—was a mainstay of European politics, but first emerged in the American context. This finding illustrates the benefits of a comparative area studies (CAS) framework. A context-sensitive comparison of European and American political development offers a new perspective on the question of institutional endogeneity in Europe, while offering a new take on the question of “why no workers’ parties in the United States?”
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Huybrechts, D. Spherical and Exceptional Objects. Oxford University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199296866.003.0008.
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Spherical objects — motivated by considerations in the context of mirror symmetry — are used to construct special autoequivalences. Their action on cohomology can be described precisely, considering more than one spherical object often leads to complicated (braid) groups acting on the derived category. The results related to Beilinson are almost classical. Section 3 of this chapter gives an account of the Beilinson spectral sequence and how it is used to deduce a complete description of the derived category of the projective space. This will use the language of exceptional sequences and semi-orthogonal decompositions encountered here. The final section gives a simplified account of the work of Horja, which extends the theory of spherical objects and their associated twists to a broader geometric context.
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Speyer, Augustin. Periphrastic verb forms. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198813545.003.0015.
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The origin of periphrastic verb forms in German is seen in the context of an articulated grammaticalization theory, where grammaticalization is understood as a series of a semantic change (‘bleaching’, read as: stripping of semantic features) followed by a syntactic reanalysis with subsequent extension. The development of several German periphrastic forms is illustrated under this view, focusing on the passive, the periphrastic perfect, and the future tense. Two waves of grammaticalization are distinguished, one in OHG (passive, perfect), one in MHG (future tense). Differences in the ordering frequencies of the non-finite and finite part of the verb form between some forms suggest structural differences, which might mirror different stages in the grammaticalization process.
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Spiegel, Avi Max. Coevolution. Princeton University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691159843.003.0003.
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This chapter seeks to understand how Islamist movements have evolved over time, and, in the process, provide important background on the political and religious contexts of the movements in question. In particular, it shows that Islamist movements coevolve. Focusing on the histories of Morocco's two main Islamist movements—the Justice and Spirituality Organization, or Al Adl wal Ihsan (Al Adl) and the Party of Justice and Development (PJD)—it suggests that their evolutions can only be fully appreciated if they are relayed in unison. These movements mirror one another depending on the competitive context, sometimes reflecting, sometimes refracting, sometimes borrowing, sometimes adapting or even reorganizing in order to keep up with the other.
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Kilintari, Marina, and Andrew C. Papanicolaou. Imaging the Networks of Motor Cognition. Edited by Andrew C. Papanicolaou. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199764228.013.23.
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It has been suggested that we comprehend and imagine voluntary actions through the use of essentially the same neuronal networks that mediate their execution. Two hypotheses, named in the literature the “mirror” neuron and the “simulation” theory, both variants of the general notion of “embodied cognition” are briefly reviewed in the first section of this chapter in order to provide a context for the experimental findings presented in subsequent sections. The second and third sections juxtapose functional neuroimaging evidence largely supporting the embodied cognition theory insofar as recognition of actions and imagining of actions are concerned. The fourth and final section explores the clinical and the functional neuroimaging literature for evidence of a neuronal network that mediates our subjective experience of ownership of our own body.
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Bullock, Barbara E., Lars Hinrichs, and Almeida Jacqueline Toribio. World Englishes, Code-Switching, and Convergence. Edited by Markku Filppula, Juhani Klemola, and Devyani Sharma. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199777716.013.009.
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In this chapter, it is argued that the study of World Englishes (WE) should assume a more central place in the analysis of variation and change in the context of language contact. Because they emerge from situations of bilingualism and contact, WE varieties are highly informative with regard to the structural issues of code-switching and convergence (also termed structural borrowing, transfer, interference, imposition). The inherently mixed nature of WE is shown here to mirror the diverse structural patterns that are commonly encountered in bilingual speech. It is argued that different mixing patterns arise in response to the social and medial embedding of WE vernaculars at the community, the individual, and the interactional levels. Social evaluations of relative prestige, individual projections of style, stance, and identity, and the complex nature of multilingual interaction conspire to bring about complex, new language structures.
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Winner, Ellen. Wordless Sounds. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190863357.003.0003.
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Philosophers have worried that music cannot be sad or happy. Only sentient creatures can have emotions. However, empirical studies show that people do perceive emotions in music, including music from unfamiliar traditions. The question then becomes how music conveys emotion. Research shows that structural features in music mirror how emotions are conveyed by prosodic features of speech. When we are sad we speak slowly, softly, and in a low register; and when music is slow and soft and low, we perceive it as sad. Other emotional properties (like the link between the minor mode and sadness, the major mode and happiness) may be learned, but this matter remains in dispute. The research provides no support for the claim that music does not express emotions. The conventional wisdom that music is the language of the emotions holds up very well.
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Pak, G. Sujin. Christological Exegesis and the Interpretation of Metaphors in Old Testament Prophecy. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190866921.003.0009.
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In identifying the history of Christ and the Gospel as the prime content of sacred history, Luther exhibited widespread Christological exegesis of the Old Testament prophets. Calvin read the original histories of the Old Testament prophets analogically to serve as a mirror of God’s providential activity with the church. Metaphor in particular functioned in distinctly different ways in their exegeses. While for Luther, Old Testament metaphors overwhelmingly pointed to the advent of Christ and the Gospel, for Calvin, metaphors—in direct distinction from allegorical reading—served as visual signposts of meaning precisely delimited by authorial intention, the prophet’s historical context, and the literary properties of the text. Such distinctions become consolidated along confessional lines in the next generation so that Christological exegesis and the interpretation of the Old Testament metaphors served as a prime site of Lutheran and Reformed confessional polemics.
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Arruzza, Cinzia. Tyranny in Athens. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190678852.003.0002.
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This chapter offers a thorough analysis of both the literary tropes surrounding tyranny and the tyrant in fifth-century Greek literature—with some reference to fourth-century and later texts—and the function they played in democratic self-understanding. The chapter addresses the ongoing debate about the existence of a democratic theory of democracy in fifth- and fourth-century Athens, arguing that a proper democratic theory did not exist. Within the context of this debate, the chapter draws on theses of Diego Lanza, Giovanni Giorgini, and James F. McGlew that the depictions of tyranny in anti-tyrannical literature served the purpose of offering to the democratic citizen an inverted mirror with which he could contemplate the key features of democratic practice, by way of opposition. In other words, hatred for a highly stylized discursive representation of tyranny played a key role in democratic self-understanding.
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Cohan, Steven. Monstrous Hollywood. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190865788.003.0005.
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This chapter is the mirror image of the previous one. It looks at narratives about has-been female stars in the context of the studio system’s demise during the 1950s and 1960s. These somewhat later backstudios depict the agency and sexuality of an older female star, who no longer has the safe haven of the studio to control or at least cushion her excessive behavior, as a “monstrous” perversion of femininity. In these films the mature female star personifies the incoherence of the Hollywood brand as a result of the studio system’s implosion, just as her excessive figure is treated as its cause, not its symptom. The chapter closes with a glance at the millennial backstudio, S1m0ne (2002), which takes as its premise the possibility of a computer-generated star and which registers the same anxieties about powerful female actors that these midcentury backstudios enact.
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Manion, Lee. Thinking through the English Crusading Romance. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198795148.003.0005.
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Manion’s chapter explores how the short Middle English romance Sir Gowther (c.1400) reflects broadly upon issues in medieval crusade discourse. By redefining the poem as a crusading romance and by situating it in the context of English crusading in the Baltic region, particularly in pagan Lithuania, Manion demonstrates how the romance participates in cultural debates about the purpose, scope, and conduct of religious conflict while articulating alternative ideas or critical commentary. The protagonist’s conversion, use of a falchion, and marriage to the emperor’s daughter—all of which resonate with the historical conversion of Lithuania—address ongoing concerns about the defence of Christendom through the acquisition of new allies and more effective leadership. At the same time, Sir Gowther does not simply mirror history. Instead, it argues abstractly for the conversion, not extermination, of pagan unbelievers, and thus illustrates the romance genre’s general capacity to think through contested ideas.
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Crow, Michael M., and William B. Dabars. Interdisciplinarity and the Institutional Context of Knowledge in the American Research University. Edited by Robert Frodeman. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198733522.013.38.
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This chapter assesses the accommodation of interdisciplinarity in the American research university in terms of the reflexive relationship between knowledge production and its institutional context. Although the tacit assumption in academic culture is that institutional frameworks have already been optimally configured to facilitate knowledge production, the process remains defined by the traditional correlation between academic disciplines and departments, and, more broadly, the filiopietism and isomorphism that impede the development of new models for the set of research universities. Entrenchment in discipline-based departments mirrors an academic culture that prizes individualism over teamwork and the discovery of specialized knowledge over problem-based collaboration. An overview of theoretical approaches and relevant models in this context precedes a brief historical survey of the institutional accommodation of interdisciplinarity. The chapter issues a call for mutual intelligibility among academic disciplines, and concludes with a case study.
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Ristuccia, Nathan J. Praying Orthodoxy. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198810209.003.0006.
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Throughout the early Middle Ages, yearly penitential seasons like Rogationtide and Lent provided a context for basic doctrinal instruction—a replacement for the vanishing Patristic catechumenate. Not only was lay participation in such penitential seasons high, but the ritual structure of these holidays meant that verbal instruction and physical practice mirrored each other. Rogationtide developed a special connection with teaching on the Lord’s Prayer. During the early Middle Ages, knowledge of the Apostles’ Creed and Lord’s Prayer was the proof of someone’s Christianity. The Rogation procession—a ritual that all Christians had to join—mirrored the recitation of the Lord’s Prayer—a text that all Christians were expected to understand. The interdependence of these two popular practices shaped lay experience of their own Christianization. Christian instruction occurred through rituals. The rule of prayer upheld the doctrines of faith.
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Chua, Daniel K. L. Beethoven & Freedom. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199769322.001.0001.
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Beethoven’s music is often associated with freedom. Chua explores the nature of this relationship through an investigation of the philosophical context of Beethoven’s reception and hermeneutic readings of key works. Freedom is arguably the core value of modernity since late eighteenth-century; Beethoven’s music engages with its aspirations and dilemmas, providing a sonic ‘lens’ that enables us to focus on the aesthetic, philosophical, and theological ramifications of its claims of progress and autonomy and the formation of the self and its values. Taking his bearings from Adorno’s fragmentary reflections on Beethoven, Chua charts a journey from the heroic freedom associated with the Eroica Symphony to a freedom of vulnerability that opens itself to ‘otherness’. Chua’s analysis of the music demonstrates how various forms of freedom are embodied in the way time and space are manipulated in Beethoven’s works, providing an experience of a concept that Kant had famously declared inaccessible to sense. Beethoven’s music, then, does not simply mirror freedom; it is a philosophical and poetic engagement with the idea that is as relevant today as it was in the aftermath of the French Revolution.
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Stevenson, Jane. Chinese Wallpaper. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198808770.003.0009.
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In England modern taste was more often expressed by decorators than by architects. Thus interior decoration is the context in which new trends in art are absorbed and understood. A difficult concept which is visually expressed (this includes cubism, abstraction, and surrealism) can be and, if it is genuinely expressive of the moment, will be, reinterpreted as fashion and decor. The interface between interior decoration and fine art is further complicated between the wars by the number of artists who worked as designers. Women who needed to earn money tended to practise the applied and decorative arts, out of genuine affinity, or realism, or a combination of both. Undiluted modernism was very rare in England. Smart style was eclectic: baroque elements (e.g. Venetian mirrors, blackamoor torchères) were put together with eighteenth-century furniture and modern pictures.
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Mainwaring, Lynda. Psychological Factors and Sport-Related Concussion. Edited by Ruben Echemendia and Grant L. Iverson. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199896585.013.15.
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Psychological factors related to sport concussion have been overshadowed by interests in neurocognitive recovery. This chapter begins by examining psychological factors relevant to research and management of sport concussion in the context of a culture where normalizing pain and injury is routine. Among the key components of this chapter is a discussion of emotional disturbance following concussion characterized as the “concussion crevice,” which is represented by high fatigue, low vigor, elevated depression and confusion scores, and high overall emotional distress. This differs from pre-injury “iceberg” profiles of high energy, and low depression, fatigue, and confusion, which is characteristic of mentally healthy athletes. Acute emotional response to concussion is distinguished from response to musculoskeletal injury, mirrors neurocognitive recovery, and appears to correspond with the dynamic neurometabolic restoration pattern described in the literature. Directions for future research are recommended.
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Yacovazzi, Cassandra L. Hidden Dangers. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190881009.003.0005.
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By the late 1840s, a new genre of literature revealed deep concerns with corruption in the growing urban centers. City mysteries exposed a dark underworld of the metropolis, leading readers through smoky saloons, gambling dens, and brothels. More than any other “sin of the city,” urban gothic literature focused on prostitution. The female prostitute embodied the greatest antithesis to the ideal or “true” woman. Anticonvent literature often compared nuns to prostitutes, convents to brothels, priests to seducers, and Mother Superiors to madams. City mysteries mirrored convent narratives in their description of women being seduced into lives of misery and sexual deviance. Both convent narratives and city mysteries promised to unveil a hidden world of sin and debauchery for an eager readership. This chapter compares convent tales and city mysteries, focusing on the nun-prostitute figure and the ways in which this female archetype threatened nineteenth-century female gender norms.
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Campbell, Stuart, and Aurelie Daems. Figurines in Prehistoric Mesopotamia. Edited by Timothy Insoll. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199675616.013.029.
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This chapter surveys the figures of prehistoric Mesopotamia, from the Epipalaeolithic to the end of the Ubaid periods (10,000–4000 bp). Figurines take a wide range of forms in different times and places, but there are also marked continuities. As well as discussion of context and breakage, there is also consideration of the modelling or omission of sexual features on figurines. Increasing numbers of figurines during the period probably can be associated with a greater diversity of material culture, and suggests that figurines can be related to changes in other aspects of society, something that is mirrored in the decline of their numbers towards 4000 bp.
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Sng, Zachary. Middling Romanticism. Fordham University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5422/fordham/9780823288410.001.0001.
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The book examines the “middling” work performed by writers of the Romantic period such as Lessing, Kleist, P. B. Shelley, and Hölderlin. It traces their attempts to re-imagine the middle as a constitutive principle, which begin with dislodging terms such as medium, moderation, and mediation from their conventional roles as self-evident, self-effacing tools that conduct from one pole to another or provide a compromise between two extremes. What they offer instead is a dwelling in and with the middle: an attention to intervals, interstices, and gaps that recognize their centrality to the concept of relation. This produces a profound medial ambivalence that underpins romanticism’s re-writing of conceptual pairs such as origin and destination, speaker and addressee, deficit and surplus, self and other. In this light, we might also ask what it means for us to recognize our mediated relationship to romanticism. To address this question, the readings consider romantic writing in the context of a double juxtaposition: alongside the legacy of romantic middling in the twentieth century but the classical sources about the middle that romanticism draw on. The challenge is to see romanticism as neither ancient nor modern, but as the historical hinge upon which such distinctions turn, the mirror in which our own image is mediated and cast back to us.
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King, Daniel. Galen. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198810513.003.0004.
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Galen develops a robustly aetiological approach to diagnosis and therapy which centres on the differentiation of pain perceptions throughout the body. He develops a specific definition of pain as the perception of overwhelming and contrary-to-nature change which links the perception of pain with his understanding of disease. Throughout On Affected Parts, he argues for pain terminology and descriptions that facilitate the communication of experiences and perceptions between doctor and patient. Galen promotes, in this context, a type of ‘common language’ in which familiar terminology communicates effectively the common experiences of doctor and patient: modern categories of subjective and objective language are not effective tools to help understand this complex approach to pain description. Galen’s control of language in this context is mirrored by his attempts to control his patients’ narration of pain symptoms, which moulds their experiences to fit Galen’s understanding of pain, disease, and the body.
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Daggett, Melissa. Spiritualism in Nineteenth-Century New Orleans. University Press of Mississippi, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781496810083.001.0001.
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The advent of Modern American Spiritualism took place in the 1850s and continued as a viable faith into the 1870s. Because of its diversity and openness to new cultures and religions, New Orleans provided fertile ground to nurture Spiritualism, and many séance circles flourished in the Faubourgs Tremé and Marigny as well as the American sector of the city. This book focuses on Le Cercle Harmonique, the francophone séance circle of Henry Louis Rey, a Creole of color who was a key civil rights activist, author, and Civil War and Reconstruction leader. His life has remained largely in the shadows of New Orleans historiography owning, in part, to a language barrier. The book weaves an intriguing historical tale of the supernatural, chaotic postbellum politics, and the personal triumphs and tragedies of Henry Louis Rey. Besides Rey’s séance circle, there is also a discussion about the Anglo-American séance circles in New Orleans. The book places these séance circles within the context of the national scene, and the genesis of nineteenth-century Spiritualism is examined with a special emphasis placed on events in New York and Boston. The lifetime of Henry Rey and that of his father, Barthélemy Rey, spanned the nineteenth century, and mirror the social and political dilemmas of the black Creoles. The book concludes with a comparison of Spiritualism with the Spiritualist and Spiritual churches, as well as voodoo. The book’s narrative is accompanied by wonderful illustrations, reproductions of the original spiritual communications, and photographs.
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Marat, Erica. The Politics of Police Reform. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190861490.001.0001.
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What does it take to reform a post-Soviet police force? Across the region, the countries inherited remarkably similar police forces with identical structures, chains of command, and politicized relationships with the political elite. Centralized in control but decentralized in their reach, the police remain one of the least reformed post-communist institutions. As a powerful state organ, the Soviet-style militarized police have resisted change despite democratic transformations in the overall political context, including rounds of competitive elections and growing civil society. This book explores the conditions in which a meaningful transformation of the police is likely to succeed and when it will fail. Based on the analysis of five post-Soviet countries (Ukraine, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, and Tajikistan) that have officially embarked on police reform efforts, the book examines various pathways to transforming how the state relates to society through policing. It develops a new understanding of both police and police reform. Departing from the conventional interpretation of the police as merely an institution of coercion, this study defines it as a medium for state-society consensus on the limits of the state’s legitimate use of violence. Police are, according to a common Russian saying, a “mirror of society”—serving as a counterweight to its complexity. Police reform, in turn, is a process of consensus-building on the rationale of the use of violence through discussions, debates, media, and advocacy.
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Kirwan, Jon. The Catholic Generation of 1930. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198819226.003.0007.
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This chapter builds on the previous one and shows how, in important respects, the project of the nouveaux théologiens mirrored the thinking that defined the wider generation of 1930. It demonstrates that the Fourvière Jesuits and Le Saulchoir Dominicans acted as a particular unit of this generation through their sense of mission to engage with the contemporary crisis, which was inspired by those formative influences on the unit which were examined earlier. In particular the chapter considers how the categories of history, phenomenology, and engagement structured their thought during these years in works such as de Lubac’s Catholicism and Chenu’s Une École de théologie. Moreover, this work is set within the context of wider Catholic thought during the period, which was dominated by thinkers such as Jacques Maritain.
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Dinello, Dan. Children of Men. Liverpool University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781999334024.001.0001.
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A mirror of tomorrow, Alfonso Cuarón's visionary Children of Men (2006) was released to good reviews and a poor box office but is now regarded by many as a twenty-first-century masterpiece. Its propulsive story dramatizes a dystopian future when an infertile humanity hurtles toward extinction and an African refugee holds the key to its survival. Cuarón creates a documentary of the near future when Britain's totalitarian government hunts down and cages refugees like animals as the world descends into violent chaos. In the midst of xenophobia and power abuses that have led to a permanent state of emergency, Children of Men inspires with a story of hope and political resistance. This book explicates Children of Men's politically progressive significance in the context of today's rise of authoritarianism and white nationalism. Though topical at the time, the film now feels as if it's been torn from today's headlines. Examining the film from ideological, psychological, and philosophical perspectives, the book explores the film's connection to post-9/11 apocalyptic narratives, its evolutionary twist to the nativity story, its warning about the rise of neofascism, and its visual uniqueness as science-fiction, delving into the film's gritty hyper-realistic style and the innovative filmic techniques developed by director Cuarón and his cinematographer, Emmanuel Lubezki. The book explores the film's criticism of the pathologies of a reactionary politics that normalize discriminatory hierarchies and perpetuate vast differences in privilege. Children of Men prods us to imagine an egalitarian alternative with a narrative that urges emotional identification with rebels, outcasts, and racial and ethnic outsiders.
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Hedley, Douglas. S. T. Coleridge’s Contemplative Imagination. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198799511.003.0014.
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Chapter 13 takes as its theme the deep roots in the Platonic tradition of Coleridge’s view of contemplation as the experience of nóēsis, for Plato the highest form of epistēmē, being the knowledge of ‘Ideas’ beyond diánoia (discursive and conceptual understanding). Coleridge’s theory of the symbol only makes sense within this metaphysical-theological context. Plotinus’s decisive contribution within Coleridge’s metaphysics is often overlooked. Contemplation, for Plotinus, is connected to Gift. Contemplation is always a return to the ‘Giving’ of the One (rooted in Plato’s ‘unbegrudging’ Goodness of the demiurge, Timaeus 29), and this process of gift and return is mirrored throughout different levels of reality. Like the Cambridge Platonists before him, Coleridge furnished this contemplative return with a Trinitarian articulation. Coleridge’s own contemplative theology is especially inspired by the revival of neo-Platonism in German idealism.
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Metzner, Susanne. Psychodynamic Music Therapy. Edited by Jane Edwards. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199639755.013.8.
Full textAbstract:
The basic underlying assumption in psychodynamic music therapy is the existence of, and dynamic processes within, an unconscious part of the mind, which has an influence on intrapsychic and interpersonal processes within and outside of the musical activity between the therapist and patient. The therapeutic relationship is distinguished by the attentiveness of the music therapist to his or her own reactions, feelings, fantasies, and ideas, which are triggered by the patient’s transference. Psychodynamic music therapy proposes that, with the assistance of music, human beings can become aware of their inner states, and can communicate these through performed musical expression. From a psychoanalytic viewpoint, music is considered to portray meaning and to give the individual the feeling of being mirrored, accompanied, and even personally understood. This chapter explains how psychodynamic music therapy was developed and how it is practiced within the treatment context of mental health services.
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Escolar, Marisa. Allied Encounters. Fordham University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5422/fordham/9780823284504.001.0001.
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Allied Encounters: The Gendered Redemption of World War II Italy is the first-ever monograph to analyze cultural representations of Allied-occupied Italy, one of the war’s most unstable spaces. While the U.S. military viewed itself as a redemptive force, competing narratives emerged in the Italian imaginary. Both national paradigms, however, are deeply entangled with the gendering of redemption long operative in Anglo-American and Italian discourse, emerging from a Dantean topos that depicts Italy as a whore in need of redemption. Tracing the formation of these gendered paradigms and pointing to their intersection with sexualized and racialized identities, this book examines literary, cinematic, and military representations of the soldier-civilian encounter, by Anglo-Americans and Italians, set in two major occupied cities, Naples and Rome. Informed by the historical context as well as their respective representational traditions, these texts—produced during and in the immediate aftermath—become more than mirrors of the intercultural encounter or generic allegories about U.S.–Italian relations. Instead, they are sites in which to explore other repressed traumas—including the Holocaust, the American Civil War, and European colonialism, as well as individual traumatic events like the massacre of the Fosse Ardeatine and the mass civilian rape near Rome by colonial soldiers— that inform how the occupation unfolded and is remembered. In addition to challenging canonical interpretations of emblematic texts, this book introduces several little-known diaries, novels, and guidebooks.
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Carl, Andrea-Hilla, Stefanie Kunze, Yasmin Olteanu, Özlem Yildiz, and Aysel Yollu-Tok, eds. Geschlechterverhältnisse im Kontext von Unternehmen und Gesellschaft. Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783748907077.
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Claudia Gather, feminist, researcher, networker, mentor, professor and tireless political influencer, has left a lasting impression in recent decades through her work, thinking and actions, not only on the field of gender studies in terms of research, teaching and practice but also on those people she has supported carefully and without question over the years. This is reason enough to dedicate an anniversary publication which honours her academic life work to her. This anniversary publication assembles articles on the topics of work, entrepreneurship, power and sustainability contributed by her long-time friends and colleagues. All of them critically discuss pathways for more gender equality and pluralism in academia and society in each respective context. With contributions by Philipp Kenel; Irem Güney-Frahm; Tanja Fendel, Özlem Yildiz; Tanja Schmidt; Stefanie Kunze, Mirko Bendig; Yasmin Olteanu; Lena Schürmann; Ulrike Marx, Albrecht Becker; Bouchra Achoumrar; Thomas Afflerbach, Katharina Gläsener; Anna Kasten, Kerstin Raule; Katharina Gapp-Schmeling, Anneli Heinrich; Anna Brüning-Pfeiffer; Sabine Hark, Friederike Maier.