Journal articles: 'Cooling system'

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Ding, Yuzhang, Haocheng Ji, Rui Liu, Yuwei Jiang, and Minxiang Wei. "Study of the thermal behavior of a battery pack with a serpentine channel." AIP Advances 12, no. 5 (2022): 055028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0089378.

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To effectively enhance the thermal security of the Li-ion battery packs used in the electric vehicle industry, novel cooling systems equipped with serpentine channels are established. Then, the heat generation model is established and verified experimentally. In this research study, the structure of the cooling channel, the coolant velocity, the coolant temperature, and the coolant flow direction are considered to be the influencing factors. The results demonstrate that, by adopting the serpentine cooling channel, a better thermal conductivity can be obtained, and the type-B cooling system possesses a more reasonable structure. For different types of liquid cooling systems, the coolant temperature has a small influence on the temperature nephogram; however, for the same type of system, the coolant temperature strongly influences the temperature distribution. Similarly, the temperature difference is only related to the type of cooling system, with ∼6.09 and 5.53 K obtained for the type-A and type-B cooling systems, respectively. Furthermore, allowing the coolant in the serpentine cooling channels to flow in opposite directions can lower the value of the maximum temperature and temperature difference.

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Fan, Huan-ran, and Cheng Li. "ICONE23-1351 INVESTIGATION ON AIR COOLING OF THE PASSIVE CONTAINMENT COOLING SYSTEM." Proceedings of the International Conference on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE) 2015.23 (2015): _ICONE23–1—_ICONE23–1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeicone.2015.23._icone23-1_162.

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Sirikasemsuk, Sarawut, Songkran Wiriyasart, Ruktai Prurapark, Nittaya Naphon, and Paisarn Naphon. "Water/Nanofluid Pulsating Flow in Thermoelectric Module for Cooling Electric Vehicle Battery Systems." International Journal of Heat and Technology 39, no. 5 (2021): 1618–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ijht.390525.

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We investigated the results of the cooling performance of the pulsating water/nanofluids flowing in the thermoelectric cooling module for cooling electric vehicle battery systems. The experimental system was designed and constructed to consider the effects of the water block configuration, hot and cold side flow rates, supplied power input, and coolant types on the cooling performance of the thermoelectric module. The measured results from the present study with the Peltier module are verified against those without the thermoelectric module. Before entering the electric vehicle battering system with a Peltier module, the inlet coolant temperatures were 2.5-3.5℃ lower than those without the thermoelectric system. On the hot side, the maximum COP of the thermoelectric cooling module was 1.10 and 1.30 for water and nanofluids as coolant, respectively. The results obtained from the present approach can be used to optimize the battery cooling technique to operate in an appropriate temperature range for getting higher energy storage, durability, lifecycles, and efficiency.

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Pambudi, Nugroho Agung, Husin Bugis, Ilham Wahyu Kuncoro, et al. "Preliminary experimental of GPU immersion-cooling." E3S Web of Conferences 93 (2019): 03003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199303003.

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A typical information technology system takes around 40% of the total energy used in cooling the system. There are three major classifications of cooling system and they are: water cooling, close loop liquid cooling, and immersion cooling systems. Immersion cooling has been observed to be the latest trend in cooling systems for IT devices. It is a cooling procedure that is carried out through the immersion of all computer components in a dielectric coolant. This research examined the cooling process of GPU using this immersion method. Mineral oil, because of its high dielectric strength, is used as a medium fluid. The temperature difference between the use of fan and immersion cooling was then measured using a benchmark software. The result showed that the immersion cooling produced a lower GPU temperature compared to the conventional fan. The working temperature of the GPU with the use of immersion method was 70°C while it was 80°C with the conventional fan method.

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Andrey, Ermakov, Salakhov Rishat, Khismatullin Renat, and Idiatullin Bulat. "Development and Research of the Adaptive Cooling System with an Electric Pump." International Journal of Heat and Technology 39, no. 2 (2021): 638–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ijht.390235.

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This paper studies the effect of the electrically-driven pump on improving the efficiency of internal combustion engine cooling systems. Numerical one-dimensional simulation of the system operation was performed according to the European transient cycle (ETC). The paper compares the cooling system with a belt-driven pump and electrically-driven pump. It was found that the electrically-driven cooling system not only could maintain a more stable coolant temperature, and also provided energy savings for the pump drive. It can be noted that the mechanically-driven cooling system has disproportionately high energy costs, unstable coolant temperature, so in case of sudden changes in operating modes, the built-in thermostat cannot keep it within two degrees Celsius. At high engine speeds and low load, the drive consumes too much power, and when thermostat is faulty and the coolant is overcooled, at low speeds and high load, the coolant is overheating. The paper also considers options with electric-driven pump with and without an enabled thermostat. With a working thermostat and electrically driven pump, the system consumes a little more energy, because the thermostat does not open fully and as a result, the pump speed is 8.2% higher than in a cooling system without a thermostat.

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Kim, Jin-Kuk, Guang Chung Lee, Frank X. X. Zhu, and Robin Smith. "Cooling System Design." Heat Transfer Engineering 23, no. 6 (2002): 49–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01457630290098754.

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Maurya, Rajesh Kumar, M. S. Niranjan, Nagendra Kumar Maurya, and Shashi Prakash Dwivedi. "Development of a System to Control Flow of Coolant in Turning Operation." Journal of Mechanical Engineering 17, no. 1 (2020): 17–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/jmeche.v17i1.15216.

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Automation of cooling system in machine tools is an effective method for achieving higher productivity and increased tool life. A cooling system is designed to control the operating temperature on the cutting tool tip by circulating coolant through a reservoir built on the top of the machine tool. This arrangement maintains the coolant flow rate as per variation of cutting tool tip temperature sensed by LM-35 temperature sensor which is located 1 cm away (calibrated distance) from the cutting tool tip and whose output voltage is linearly proportional to the temperature. Coolant flow rate is varied in such a manner that the temperature of the cutting tool tip remains within fixed value of temperature. The aim of present work is to develop a cooling control panel system to provide coolant on cutting tool tip in turning operation of mild steel. The coolant flow rate can be increased or decreased as per the variation of sensor temperature during turning of mild steel with high speed steel (HSS) cutting tool at different depth of cut, and spindle speed ,keeping feed rate constant which results in effective cooling of the cutting tool tip. The experiments were carried out with and without use of coolant. It supplies the coolant as per instructions of cooling control panel system which results in saving of coolant as well as power. The mechatronics application of designed cooling control panel system enabled the reduction in cutting tool tip temperature in more robust way as compare to conventional cooling system.

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Koenhardono, Eddy Setyo. "Performance Improvement of Hopper Cooling System on Traditional Fishing Boats Due to Excessive Cooling." Kapal: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi Kelautan 17, no. 2 (2020): 58–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/kapal.v17i2.29496.

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The engine cooling system that drives traditional fishing boats uses a hopper cooler type system that experiences excessive cooling. Ideally, the temperature of the cooling water in the hopper should be approximately 70-80°C. The fact, it is only 42°C, thus reducing the effective power generated by the engine. This excessive cooling may cause an increase in fuel consumption and emissions. One method to reduce excessive cooling is to increase the temperature of the cooling media in the hopper. The author has conducted a simple experiment on a traditional fishing boat in Kenjeran, Surabaya, by installing a valve to control the flow of seawater entering the hopper. However, the use of seawater as a cooling medium has a maximum operating temperature limitation, so there is no precipitation of salt and lime, which is 50oC. At this temperature, the benefits are not large, only an increase in speed of 4.4% and a fuel reduction of 4.3%. Therefore, the existing seawater cooling system must be modified to an indirect seawater cooling system to get optimum performance improvement. The re-modification allows the temperature of the freshwater in the hopper to be maintained at 80°C, so that the speed of the fishing boat may increase by 14%, with a fuel savings of 12.3%.

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Song, Yufei, Zhiguo Liu, Shiwu Li, and Qingyong Jin. "Design and Optimization of an Immersion Liquid Cooling System in Internet Datacenter." International Journal of Heat and Technology 39, no. 6 (2021): 1923–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ijht.390629.

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With the development of high-performance chips, the heat flux of Internet datacenter (IDC) is on the rise, and heat dissipation becomes a major bottleneck of IDC development. The cooling needs of the IDC room can hardly be met by the traditional method of air cooling. In recent years, immersion liquid cooling has attracted a growing attention, due to its excellent performance. This paper designs and optimizes an immersion liquid cooling system for IDC. Multiple numerical simulations were carried out to analyze the influence of the system parameters on heat dissipation, and improve the system efficiency using a dielectric coolant. Specifically, 20 graphics processing units (GPUs) and 2 central processing units (CPUs) were set up in each machine of the liquid cooling server. Then, the GPU and CPU temperature was examined under different opening positions on the server top plate, inlet coolant temperatures, and coolant flow speeds. The results show that a 30mm-wide, 430mm-long opening should be set at the upper part of the GPU array, 20mm away from the top plate. The cooling effect can be optimized at the inlet temperature of 30℃, and the coolant flow speed of 3m3/h.

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Gao, Yuhe, Jie Ji, Zewei Guo, and Peng Su. "Comparison of the solar PV cooling system and other cooling systems." International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies 13, no. 4 (2018): 353–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijlct/cty035.

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Sim, Jason, Rozli Zulkifli, and Shahrir Abdullah. "Conceptual Thermosyphonic Loop Cooled Thermoelectric Power Cogeneration System for Automotive Applications." Applied Mechanics and Materials 663 (October 2014): 294–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.663.294.

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Thermoelectric cogeneration may be applied to the exhaust of an automobile to generate additional electric power, by applying a temperature differential across the thermoelectric power generation modules. To obtain maximum net power, the highest allowable temperature difference should be obtained. Therefore, a cooling system should be employed to ensure that the cold side of the thermoelectric modules remain as cold as possible. An evaporative cooling system patented by Einstein and Szilard is used as a base for a non-parasitic cooling system to be used together with thermoelectric modules. The cooling system utilizes the same heat which powers the thermoelectric modules as a power source. By utilizing the high solubility of ammonia in water, the solubility dependency with temperature, and usage of polar and non-polar solvents to direct the flow of ammonia as a coolant, it is possible to create a cooling system which performs better than passive heat sinks, but negates the power requirements of active cooling systems.

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Ye, Bangjiao, Yoshimi Kasugai, Yujiro Ikeda, Yangmei Fan, and Rongdian Han. "Radioactivity Sputtered from Cooling-Pipe Materials into Coolant in the ITER Cooling System." Fusion Science and Technology 40, no. 2 (2001): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.13182/fst01-a187.

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Pendhari, Asiya S. "Indirect Evaporative Cooling: An Efficient and Convenient Energy System." Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Mechanics and Computational Fluid Dynamics 07, no. 3&4 (2020): 26–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/2349.7661.202006.

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Evaporative cooling is now an alternative method for the conventional air cooling method. This method does not only save energy but also protect the environment from global warming and hazardous gases. Thus this system is highly efficient and eco-friendly. Evaporative cooling system is further divided into two categories that are direct evaporative cooling system and an indirect evaporative cooling system. The direct evaporative cooling system is not much efficient due to high wet bulb temperature and moisture thus rather than using the direct evaporative cooling system the indirect evaporative cooling system is preferred. This paper discusses comparative studies of performance, working principles, material selection criteria’s and various methods. It also explains the performance under different weather conditions, hybrid structure to reduce the load on the further system. It summarises various aspects like wick attained aluminium sheet is the best material for IEC or counter-flow heat exchanger is effective than parallel-flow heat exchanger. It finally results that indirect evaporative cooling system is moisture free, very effective and environment savings. That can be used in various residential and commercial sectors effectively as an alternative for conventional energy-consuming system.

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Zuo, Z. J., Si Bi, L. R. Fu, Z. Q. Weng, and S. H. Peng. "Cooling System Design of Ion Nitriding and PCVD Composite Treatment Furnace." Applied Mechanics and Materials 448-453 (October 2013): 3462–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.448-453.3462.

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Keywords: ion nitriding furnace cooling system vacuum system Abstract. About fuction of vacuum plasma nitriding furnace cooling system, and its design and calculation of main parts, in particular control of water consumption. The cooling water system have been set into the water flowing through the four heat shield, and gradually take the heat, then the coolant out by outlet pipe. Cooling water flows through layers of insulation to varying degrees of cooling, to ensure that each level of temperature, precise calculation of water flow can only be guaranteed to ensure the maximum water savings and cooling the furnace down. This article provide the basis for vacuum furnace cooling system design in the future.

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Wang, Yu, and Lin Ruan. "Self-Circulating Evaporative Cooling System of a Rotor and Its Experimental Verification." Processes 10, no. 5 (2022): 934. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10050934.

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With the development of hydropower, the heat problem of a rotor cannot be ignored. This paper presents a topology of an evaporative cooling system for rotors. The system seals the pole coil in a tank and immerses the coil in the insulating coolant with a suitable boiling point. The latent heat of vaporization during the boiling of coolant is used to control the temperature rise of the pole coil. After explaining the circulation principle of the system, the effectiveness of the cooling system is verified by experiments. A small-scale experimental platform has been set up to test the effectiveness of the new topology. The comparison experiment with air-cooling shows that the phase change cooling system can not only provide hundreds of times the heat transfer capacity of air-cooling, but also the temperature rise of the coil is half that of air cooling. Based on the experimental results, the calculated formula of the heat transfer coefficient of the evaporative cooling system in the rotating state was fitted, and the deviation of the calculated result could be kept at less than 25%. Thanks to the evaporative cooling system, the rotor carries a high current density.

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Park, Manseok, Sungdong Kim, and Sarah Eunkyung Kim. "TSV Liquid Cooling System for 3D Integrated Circuits." Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society 20, no. 3 (2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.6117/kmeps.2013.20.3.001.

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Shimizu, Toshiaki. "Control System to Optimize Cooling Tower Type Condenser Cooling Water System." JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL 76, no. 6 (2022): 522–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2524/jtappij.76.522.

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Bhattacharjee, Ankur, Rakesh K. Mohanty, and Aritra Ghosh. "Design of an Optimized Thermal Management System for Li-Ion Batteries under Different Discharging Conditions." Energies 13, no. 21 (2020): 5695. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13215695.

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The design of an optimized thermal management system for Li-ion batteries has challenges because of their stringent operating temperature limit and thermal runaway, which may lead to an explosion. In this paper, an optimized cooling system is proposed for kW scale Li-ion battery stack. A comparative study of the existing cooling systems; air cooling and liquid cooling respectively, has been carried out on three cell stack 70Ah LiFePO4 battery at a high discharging rate of 2C. It has been found that the liquid cooling is more efficient than air cooling as the peak temperature of the battery stack gets reduced by 30.62% using air cooling whereas using the liquid cooling method it gets reduced by 38.40%. The performance of the liquid cooling system can further be improved if the contact area between the coolant and battery stack is increased. Therefore, in this work, an immersion-based liquid cooling system has been designed to ensure the maximum heat dissipation. The battery stack having a peak temperature of 49.76 °C at 2C discharging rate is reduced by 44.87% to 27.43 °C after using the immersion-based cooling technique. The proposed thermal management scheme is generalized and thus can be very useful for scalable Li-ion battery storage applications also.

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Kryshtopa, С. І., L. І. Kryshtopa, F. V. Kozak, М. М. Hnyp, І. М. Mykytii, and М. М. Tseber. "Development of the mathematical model for calculation of energy efficiency of mobile diesel compressor stations." Scientific Bulletin of Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas, no. 1(48) (June 29, 2020): 56–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.31471/1993-9965-2020-1(48)-56-65.

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The experience of development of domestic and foreign specialists in the sphere of energy loss reduction during gas cooling of mobile diesel compressor stations of the oil and gas industry is analyzed. The reason why the productivity of the compressors decreases after short period of operation, while the specific energy consump-tion increases. The disadvantages of existing cooling systems of compressed gas of mobile diesel compressor sta-tions are presented. Requirements for refrigerant coolants for compressor gas cooling systems are formulated. A reasonable choice of Freon R134a as a coolant for cooling of the compressed gas of the compressor stations is made. The structure and principle of operation of the system of high-efficiency reduction of temperature of the perspective system of cooling of compressed gas are presented. The tasks and basic assumptions of mathematical modeling of energy efficient scheme of gas cooling system are formulated. The purpose of this article is to investigate theoreti-cally the choice of coolant for a promising highly efficient system for cooling the compressed gas of mobile diesel compressor stations in the oil and gas industry. Inputs, outputs and general structure of mathematical model of multistage gas cooling of mobile diesel compressor stations are offered. The structure of the system of high-efficiency reduction of temperature of the perspective system of cooling of compressed gas and the principle of action are presented. The description and calculation formulas of the mathematical model of compressed gas cool-ing of mobile diesel compressor stations are given. When choosing a refrigerant with the condition of further use of the obtained energy, the main requirement was taken into account. The total specific energy costs for the opera-tion of the compressor installation according to the existing and perspective schemes and its energy efficiency indicators are determined.

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Fumo, N., P. J. Mago, and L. M. Chamra. "Hybrid-cooling, combined cooling, heating, and power systems." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 223, no. 5 (2009): 487–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09576509jpe709.

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Combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) systems have the ability to optimize fuel consumption by recovering thermal energy from the prime mover of the power generation unit (PGU). Design of a CCHP system requires consideration, among other variables, of CCHP system components size and type. This study focuses on the analysis of hybrid-cooling, heating, and power (hybrid-cooling CCHP) systems that have an absorption chiller (CH) and a vapour compression system to handle the cooling load. The effect of the size of both cooling mechanisms is analysed in conjunction with the PGU size and efficiency. For better energy performance analysis simulations, results are presented based on the building-CCHP system primary energy consumption (PEC). Hybrid-cooling CCHP systems yield higher primary energy reduction than CCHP systems with an absorption CH alone. To account for the effect of climate conditions, hot and cold climates were considered by performing simulations for Tampa and Chicago weather conditions. The results are presented in tabular form to show the value of the PEC reduction as a function of the PGU size and efficiency, and the size of the absorption CH.

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Ruzimov, S., and D. A. Muydinov. "STUDY ON CAR ANTIFREEZE AND COOLANT: MAIN PROBLEMS, MAINTAINING, REPAIRING AND DIAGNOSING SERVICES." TECHNICAL SCIENCES 5, no. 3 (2020): 46–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.26739/2181-9696-2020-5-7.

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In this report we explained diagnosing, maintaining and repairing the cooling system problems. Cooling system is quite dependable. Employed cooling system in an automobile is to maintain the desired coolant temperature thus ensuring for optimum engine operation. However, they do require periodic maintenance. Cooling system service is one of the best values for the customer in terms of preventive maintenance

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Kizuka, N., K. Sagae, S. Anzai, S. Marushima, T. Ikeguchi, and K. Kawaike. "Conceptual Design of the Cooling System for 1700°C-Class, Hydrogen-Fueled Combustion Gas Turbines." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 121, no. 1 (1999): 108–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2816296.

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The effects of three types of cooling systems on the calculated operating performances of a hydrogen-fueled thermal power plant with a 1,700°C-class gas turbine were studied with the goal of attaining a thermal efficiency of greater than 60 percent. The combination of a closed-circuit water cooling system for the nozzle blades and a steam cooling system for the rotor blades was found to be the most efficient, since it eliminated the penalties of a conventional open-circuit cooling system which ejects coolant into the main hot gas stream. Based on the results, the water cooled, first-stage nozzle blade and the steam cooled first-stage rotor blade were designed. The former features array of circular cooling holes close to the surface and uses a copper alloy taking advantage of recent coating technologies such as thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) and metal coatings to decrease the temperature and protect the blade core material. The later has cooling by serpentine cooling passages with V-shaped staggered turbulence promoter ribs which intensify the internal cooling.

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Katramiz, Elvire, Hussein Al Jebaei, Sorour Alotaibi, Walid Chakroun, Nesreen Ghaddar, and Kamel Ghali. "Sustainable cooling system for Kuwait hot climate combining diurnal radiative cooling and indirect evaporative cooling system." Energy 213 (December 2020): 119045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2020.119045.

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Anisha and Anil Kumar. "Identification and Mitigation of Shortcomings in Direct and Indirect Liquid Cooling-Based Battery Thermal Management System." Energies 16, no. 9 (2023): 3857. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16093857.

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Electric vehicles (EVs) have become a viable solution to the emerging global climate crisis. Rechargeable battery packs are the basic unit of the energy storage system of these vehicles. The battery thermal management system (BTMS) is the primary control unit of the energy source of the vehicles. EV performance is governed by specific power, charging/discharging rate, specific energy, and cycle life of the battery packs. Nevertheless, these parameters are affected by temperature, making thermal management the most significant factor for the performance of a battery pack in an EV. Although the BTMS has acquired plenty of attention, research on the efficiency of the liquid cooling-based BTMS for actual drive cycles has been minimal. Liquid cooling, with appropriate configuration, can provide up to 3500 times more efficient cooling than air cooling. Direct/immersive and indirect liquid cooling are the main types of liquid cooling systems. Immersive/direct cooling utilizes the technique of direct contact between coolant and battery surface, which could provide larger heat transfer across the pack; however, parameters such as leakage, configuration, efficiency, etc., are needed to be considered. Indirect cooling techniques include cold plates, liquid jackets, discrete tubes, etc. It could result in complex configuration or thermal non-uniformity inside the pack. The paper intends to contribute to the alleviation of these gaps by studying various techniques, including different configurations, coolant flow, nanoparticles, varying discharging rates, different coolants, etc. This paper provides a comprehensive perspective of various techniques employed in liquid cooling battery packs, identifying the shortcomings in direct/immersive and indirect liquid cooling systems and discussing their mitigation strategies.

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Mukhlisin, Agus, Prisma Megantoro, Estiko Rijanto, et al. "Experimental and simulation approach of cooling system in 3-phase inverter using extended surface." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 13, no. 4 (2022): 2313. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v13.i4.pp2313-2323.

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Overheating is a failure mode that significantly affects the reliability of electronic devices. All electronic devices, including a 3-phase inverter driving a traction motor, produce heat dissipation. Heat dissipation needs to be controlled with cooling to prevent overheating. Overheating can be avoided by increasing cooling or reducing heat dissipation. Heat dissipation in the 3-phase inverter is caused by the internal resistance of the metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET), switching loss, and other factors. Cooling for the 3-phase inverter can use water coolant or air coolant. The cooling system is based on the amount of heat dissipation produced. Cooling of a 3-phase inverter can use air coolant with the addition of an extended surface area in the heat sink. The heat sink uses aluminum material, often called pin fin. There are kinds of aluminum available in the market. We calculated heat generation based on the MOSFET's internal resistance, switching loss, and other factors. We validated the simulation results experimentally using a thermal camera. Thus, we could find an optimal number, dimensions, and aluminum type of fin for the cooling system in the 3-phase inverter.

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Tiwari, Akanksha, Shraddha Sahu, Yogesh Kumar, and Soumitra Tiwari. "New way of cooling by desiccant cooling system." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING 11, Special (2018): 76–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.15740/has/ijae/11.sp.issue/76-80.

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Luo, Xiaobing, Yonglu Liu, and Wei Liu. "A Honeycomb Microchannel Cooling System for Microelectronics Cooling." Heat Transfer Engineering 32, no. 7-8 (2011): 616–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01457632.2010.509755.

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Siricharoenpanich, A., S. Wiriyasart, A. Srichat, and P. Naphon. "Thermal cooling system with Ag/Fe3O4 nanofluids mixture as coolant for electronic devices cooling." Case Studies in Thermal Engineering 20 (August 2020): 100641. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2020.100641.

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Xu, Ziming, Jun Xu, Zhechen Guo, Haitao Wang, Zheng Sun, and Xuesong Mei. "Design and Optimization of a Novel Microchannel Battery Thermal Management System Based on Digital Twin." Energies 15, no. 4 (2022): 1421. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15041421.

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In order to avoid high-temperature and large rate discharge impact on the performance of battery modules, a microchannel liquid cooling battery thermal management system (BTMS) and BTMS virtual model of the microchannel structure based on digital twin (DT) is proposed. On the basis of accurate virtual simulation model, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model and the Gaussian process regression algorithm were combined to drive the optimization process in order to improve the cooling capacity of the system. The results show that the microchannel plates can greatly enhance the cooling capacity of the direct cooling system and effectively improve the uniformity of the coolant. The width of the microchannel plates and the side spacing actually represent the amount of coolant flowing through the inside and outside of the battery module, which significantly impacts the maximum temperature and maximum temperature difference. Increasing the coolant flow can only effectively improve the cooling capacity of the module to a limited extent. Gaussian process regression based on the DT virtual model is more suitable for analyzing the interaction between multiple factors and obtaining global optimization results. After optimization, the maximum temperature and the maximum temperature difference of the system are reduced by 4.02 °C and 5.05 °C, respectively. The proposed structure and method are expected to provide insights into the design and development of battery thermal management systems.

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Park, Jun Su, Dong-Jun Shin, Sung-Hwan Yim, and Sang-Hyun Kim. "Evaluate the Cooling Performance of Transmit/Receive Module Cooling System in Active Electronically Scanned Array Radar." Electronics 10, no. 9 (2021): 1044. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10091044.

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The active electronically scanned array (AESA) radar consists of many transmit/receive (T/R) modules and is used to track missiles approaching destroyers and fighters. The performance of the AESA radar depends on the T/R module temperature. The T/R module temperature should be maintained under 80 °C to guarantee the performance of the AESA radar. In order to match the design requirements of the cooling system of the AESA radar, it is necessary to evaluate the cooling performance according to various operation/installation environments. In this study, computational fluid analysis was performed by changing the number of T/R modules and the coolant mass flow rate to evaluate the cooling performance of the AESA radar coolant channel. The number of T/R modules was changed from 2 to 16, and the number of coolant inlet Re was changed from 277 to 11,116. As a result, it was confirmed that the temperature increased as the number of T/R modules increased. In addition, when the coolant status was laminar flow, it was confirmed that the cooling performance was significantly lowered. Therefore, the coolant status should be transient or turbulence to decrease the temperature of the T/R module. Additionally, the correlation between the arrangement of the T/R module and the cooling flow must be considered to cool the AESA radar.

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Araswati, Nurbaiti, Herry Suhardiyanto, and Mohamad Solahudin. "Analysis of Heat Transfer in Cooling Pipe for Root Zone Cooling System." Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian 05, no. 3 (2017): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.19028/jtep.05.3.253-260.

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KOGURE, Hideo. "Cooling system for electroplating." Journal of the Surface Finishing Society of Japan 40, no. 9 (1989): 974–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4139/sfj.40.974.

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Kemmerer, Jason, and Robert True. "Loudspeaker having cooling system." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 123, no. 3 (2008): 1221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.2901306.

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Kim, Jin-Kuk, and Robin Smith. "Cooling water system design." Chemical Engineering Science 56, no. 12 (2001): 3641–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0009-2509(01)00091-4.

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Tanaka, R., Y. Arai, and N. Ishihara. "VENUS Rack Cooling System." IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science 33, no. 1 (1986): 831–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tns.1986.4337229.

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Kulkarni, Shubham S. "A Glance on Radiant Cooling Technology for Heating and Cooling for Residential and Commercial Building Application." Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Mechanics and Computational Fluid Dynamics 07, no. 3&4 (2020): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/2349.7661.202005.

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As we know that nowadays due to the hot and humid weather and the increasing temperature the high amount of energy consumption is used for the heating & cooling purpose in residential as well as in commercial building for air conditioning systems. To overcome this problem and to reduce the energy consumption as well as good thermal comfort to people in the indoor environment, use the radiant heating & cooling system is a better way. This concept is used to cool or heat the room and absorbs the indoor sensible heat by thermal radiation. The system removes heat by using less energy and more energy-efficient. This system uses water as a medium to cool or heat the room space. There are three types discussed in these papers for cooling & heating. In this paper, we did an overall study regarding radiant heating and cooling systems. It reduces the energy lost due to the duct leakage. It also has a lower life cycle cost compared to conventional. In this paper, we have reviewed how to reduce energy consumption and give thermal comfortable air-condition through radiant cooling and chilled ceiling panel system.

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Maurya, Ekta Saheblal. "Liquid Cooling System and Air Cooling System in Data Center: A Comparison." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 8, no. 11 (2020): 548–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2020.32226.

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Wang, Xingxing, Shengren Liu, Yujie Zhang, et al. "A Review of the Power Battery Thermal Management System with Different Cooling, Heating and Coupling System." Energies 15, no. 6 (2022): 1963. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15061963.

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The battery thermal management system is a key skill that has been widely used in power battery cooling and preheating. It can ensure that the power battery operates safely and stably at a suitable temperature. In this article, we summarize mainly summarizes the current situation for the research on the thermal management system of power battery, comprehensively compares and analyzes four kinds of cooling systems including air cooling, liquid cooling, phase-change materials and heat pipe, two types of heating systems including internal heating and external heating, and the corresponding characteristics of the coupled system in no less than two ways. It is found that liquid cooling system and its heating system, phase-change material cooling system and it is heating system, heat pipe cooling system, coupling cooling system and its heating system have great research prospects, it also provides a certain reference for future research directions.

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Tasilbhai, Dodiya Sahil. "Performance Analysis of Thermoelectric Cooling with Thermal Control Battery System for Electric Vehicle." International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology 12, no. 2 (2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.b3871.1212222.

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A promising type of green transport, lithium battery-powered electric cars (EVs) have attracted a lot of attention and interest in the current years. In this study, thermoelectric cooling with forced convection was designed and possible cooling method for a thermal control battery system. Compared to free convection cooling, air cooling and TEC cooling appear TEC is the leading cooling work. Conditional tests are done on created battery thermal control battery system for EV automobile vehicles. The advanced battery thermal control battery can be a combination of TE Cooling, air cooling, and liquid cooling. There's Unobserved contact of the liquid coolant that acts as a medium to carry absent the thermally created from the battery with and amid the battery continuing. The outcome saws a promising cooling impact with a reasonable amount of energy wastage. The outcomes show that the ambient temperature is 32.5 to 30.5 and inlet temperature is 24.8 to 17.1 and then find out 2nd inlet temperature is between 13.9 to 6.4, and then after finding the lowest COP is 0.20. So, Thermoelectric cooling is the best option as compared to a simple VCRs system

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El-Oun, Z. B., and J. M. Owen. "Preswirl Blade-Cooling Effectiveness in an Adiabatic Rotor–Stator System." Journal of Turbomachinery 111, no. 4 (1989): 522–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3262303.

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Blade-cooling air for a high-pressure turbine is often supplied from preswirl nozzles attached to a stationary casing. By swirling the cooling air in the direction of rotation of the turbine disk, the temperature of the air relative to the blades can be reduced. The question addressed in this paper is: Knowing the temperatures of the preswirl and disk-cooling flows, what is the temperature of the blade-cooling air? A simple theoretical model, based on the Reynolds analogy applied to an adiabatic rotor–stator system, is used to calculate the preswirl effectiveness (that is, the reduction in the temperature of the blade-cooling air as a result of preswirling the flow). A mixing model is used to account for the “contamination” of the blade coolant with disk-cooling air, and an approximate solution is used to estimate the effect of frictional heating on the disk-cooling air. Experiments were conducted in a rotor–stator rig that had preswirl nozzles in the stator and blade-cooling passages in the rotating disk. A radial outflow or inflow of disk-cooling air was also supplied, and measurements of the temperature difference between the preswirl and blade-cooling air were made for a range of flow rates and for rotational Reynolds numbers up to Reθ = 1.8 × 106. Considering the experimental errors in measuring the small temperature differences, good agreement between theory and experiment was achieved.

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Zhao, Yingjie, Fan Yang, and Yijiang Ma. "Experimental Method for Flow Calibration of the Aircraft Liquid Cooling System." Applied Sciences 12, no. 10 (2022): 5056. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12105056.

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In the process of aircraft operation, the flow calibration of aircraft liquid cooling system has always been one of the research hotspots in engineering. Based on the principle of the differential pressure method, a new experimental flow calibration method is proposed for the aircraft liquid cooling system in this paper. In the reducer and the square bend of the aircraft liquid cooling system, the pressure difference will be generated. The flowmeter is used to measure the flow of the coolant, and the flow rate coefficient of the aircraft liquid cooling system can be calibrated. The experimental platform is established to conduct the flow calibration of the aircraft liquid cooling system, and the influence of the temperature and imported pressure on the flow will be investigated. Results indicate that the experimental method proposed is very effective, and the flow calibration can be realized without damaging the aircraft liquid cooling system.

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Zhang, Junhong, Zhexuan Xu, Jiewei Lin, Zefeng Lin, Jingchao Wang, and Tianshu Xu. "Thermal Characteristics Investigation of the Internal Combustion Engine Cooling-Combustion System Using Thermal Boundary Dynamic Coupling Method and Experimental Verification." Energies 11, no. 8 (2018): 2127. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11082127.

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The engine cooling system must be able to match up with the stable operating conditions so as to guarantee the engine performance. On the working cycle level, however, the dynamic thermo-state of engines has not been considered in the cooling strategy. Besides, the frequent over-cooling boiling inside the gallery changes the cooling capacity constantly. It is necessary to study the coupling effect caused by the interaction of cooling flow and in-cylinder combustion so as to provide details of the dynamic control of cooling systems. To this end, this study develops a coupled modeling scheme of the cooling process considering the interaction of combustion and coolant flow. The global reaction mechanism is used for the combustion process and the multiphase flow method is employed to simulate the coolant flow considering the wall boiling and the interphase forces. The two sub-models exchange information of in-cylinder temperature, heat transfer coefficient, and wall temperature to achieve the coupled computation. The proposed modeling process is verified through the measured diesel engine power, in-cylinder pressure, and fire surface temperature of cylinder head. Then the effects of different cooling conditions on the cyclic engine performances are analyzed and discussed.

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Abd. Aziz, Radhiyah, Nurul Farahin Zamrud, and Nurrina Rosli. "Comparison on cooling efficiency of cooling pad materials for evaporative cooling system." Journal of Modern Manufacturing Systems and Technology 1, no. 1 (2018): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/jmmst.v1i1.199.

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    This research aims to examine on cooling efficiency of different type natural based material as a cooling pad for evaporative cooling system. Efficiency of direct evaporative cooling system mostly depends on the cooling pad and hence, the material used in the cooling pad plays a very vital role. Here, two types of natural based materials (activated carbon foam and luffa pad) were selected to be used as cooling pad. Those materials pad are then fabricated to fit into the evaporative cooling setup. Temperature, and humidity are the most important data in this experimental analysis. The readings of these terms are taken for each type of cooling pad using data logger and also, the further calculations are done based on these readings. The material of the cooling pad and the air flow rate are varied to observe the effect on their cooling efficiency. From the analysis, the ACF cooling pad shows better cooling efficiency compared to that of luffa pad.   

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YOUSEF, KHALED, CHRISTOPHER BOLIN, ABRAHAM ENGEDA, and AHMED HEGAZY. "EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF A REFRIGERANT AS A COOLANT OF A POWER PLANT CONDENSER." International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration 22, no. 04 (2014): 1450024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010132514500242.

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Steam power plants are the largest industrial users for water. New restrictions for using water in cooling systems have led to a search for alternative cooling methods. This paper presents an experimental study of using a vapor compression refrigeration system (VCRS) for cooling a steam power plant condenser. The refrigeration system uses commercially available and environmental friendly R-410A to cool an intermediate chilled water loop which is used as a coolant for the steam condenser. Working under lower condenser pressure with higher coolant flow rates reduces the power required for the refrigeration system and rises the coefficient of performance (COP) and condensation rate. Based on the present experimental data an adjustment to a known empirical correlation for the Nusselt number in a shell and tube steam condenser is presented. The results show that decreasing the inlet coolant temperature increases condensation rate, heat rejection, COP, overall heat transfer coefficient, and R-410A to condensate mass flow ratio. Moreover, the increase in the rate of condensation and COP is most pronounced at lower steam condenser operating pressure and higher water coolant mass flow rate. The results reveal that using a VCRS is capable of providing a steam condenser with a more constant and lower coolant temperature than traditional wet and dry cooling technologies.

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Rabczak, Sławomir, Danuta Proszak-Miąsik, and Krzysztof Nowak. "Free cooling system application in air conditioning." Journal of Civil Engineering, Environment and Architecture XXXI, no. 61 (3/II/14) (2014): 433–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.7862/rb.2014.109.

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Turabimana, Pacifique, Jung Woo Sohn, and Seung-Bok Choi. "A Novel Active Cooling System for Internal Combustion Engine Using Shape Memory Alloy Based Thermostat." Sensors 23, no. 8 (2023): 3972. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23083972.

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Pollutants in exhaust gases and the high fuel consumption of internal combustion engines remain key issues in the automotive industry despite the emergence of electric vehicles. Engine overheating is a major cause of these problems. Traditionally, engine overheating was solved using electric pumps and cooling fans with electrically operated thermostats. This method can be applied using active cooling systems that are currently available on the market. However, the performance of this method is undermined by its delayed response time to activate the main valve of the thermostat and the dependence of the coolant flow direction control on the engine. This study proposes a novel active engine cooling system incorporating a shape memory alloy-based thermostat. After discussing the operating principles, the governing equations of motion were formulated and analyzed using COMSOL Multiphysics and MATLAB. The results show that the proposed method improved the response time required to change the coolant flow direction and led to a coolant temperature difference of 4.90 °C at 90 °C cooling conditions. This result indicates that the proposed system can be applied to existing internal combustion engines to enhance their performance in terms of reduced pollution and fuel consumption.

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Fedorovskiy, Konstantin Yu, and Nadezhda K. Fedorovskaya. "TEMPERATURES OPTIMIZATION OF TWO-CIRCUIT CLOSED COOLING SYSTEM OF SHIP'S POWER PLANT." Russian Journal of Water Transport, no. 62 (March 10, 2020): 175–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.37890/jwt.vi62.48.

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The issues of creating environmentally friendly highly reliable closed-loop cooling systems are considered in the paper. The achievement of these qualities is ensured by the rejection of cooling water intake. The analysis of various coolants of the power installation requiring cooling is carried out. It is shown that for the cooling of a number of coolants it is advisable to create double-circuit cooling systems. This requires the introduction of an additional heat exchanger and the separation of the temperature head between the cooled coolant and seawater. The authors suggest an approach that makes it possible to distribute this temperature head between the circuits optimally. This procedure involves comparing various heat exchangers based on their reduced area. A nomogram is presented to determine the optimal value of the temperature head.

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Sunkara, Sowmya, and Syed Hayath. "Battery Thermal Management System for Electric Vehicles." Indian Journal of Software Engineering and Project Management 3, no. 1 (2023): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.54105/ijsepm.a9017.013123.

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Electrical vehicles (EVs) as a result of their rapid evolution and growing popularity, zero-emission, and high tank-to-wheel efficiency. Though, some features, particularly those relating to battery performance, cost, lifetime, and protection, restrict the development of the electrical car. In order to operate at peak efficiency under various circumstances, battery management is therefore required. The BTMS is essential for controlling the thermal performance of the battery. The BTMS technologies include heating, air conditioning, liquid cooling, direct refrigerant cooling, phase change material (PCM) cooling, and thermoelectric cooling. Performance, weight, size, cost, dependability, safety, and energy consumption are trade-offs analyzed for these systems. According tothe analysis the system is made up of two coolant loops, one refrigeration loop, and one cabin HVAC loop. The batteries, drivetrain, and cabin all contribute to the thermal burden. The model of these system is been built in the software MATLAB/SIMULINK. Based on the outcomes of the simulation, BTMS is crucial for regulating battery thermal behavior. Through the integration of thesimulation model with battery thermal and ML models, next research might be more thorough and precise.

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Gribacheva, V., and S. Shcherbakov. "THE COOLING SYSTEM OF THE PERIODIC PULSED REACTOR." PROBLEMS OF ATOMIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. SERIES: NUCLEAR AND REACTOR CONSTANTS 2021, no. 2 (2021): 256–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.55176/2414-1038-2021-2-256-267.

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The paper proposes the configuration and composition equipment of the cooling system of the designed periodic pulsed reactor (PPR) of high power. The special features of the PPR are a small flow section, a large heating of the coolant in the power pulse and the impossibility of useful use of thermal energy in the periodic mode of operation. Liquid lithium is proposed as a coolant and heat is discharged through air heat exchangers (AHE). The goal was to achieve compactness and low power consumption, the ability to work with frequent stops and optimize the operation of equipment in pulse modes. For this purpose, high-temperature AHE with a small heat exchange surface and forced air cooling are used, the circulation circuit is divided into two parts - the reactor circuit and the AHE circuit with two circulation pumps and a common drain tank. The separation of the circuit allows to independently perform the operations of starting, stopping and heating the circuits in a periodic mode. The drain tank limits the composition of the equipment exposed to temperature pulses. Numerical studies of the temperature regime of the coolant in the equipment of the PDR cooling system are carried out. The calculations were performed using the TURBOFLOW code in two-dimensional terms for all the main elements of the equipment. Quasi-stationary (nominal and partial power levels) and pulse modes of operation are considered. Calculated characteristics for forced and natural air circulation are obtained. The limits of the air circulation modes under the conditions of non-freezing of the coolant are determined. The obtained values of the maximum temperatures of the coolant: in the pulsed mode is 750 °C, in the quasi-stationary mode - 490 °C with an average power of 15 MW, air flow of 150 m3/s and the size of the AHE in the plan of 5×5 m, 100 panels of 1.08×0.025×5 m.

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Xu, Sijun, Hua Zhang, and Zilong Wang. "Thermal Management and Energy Consumption in Air, Liquid, and Free Cooling Systems for Data Centers: A Review." Energies 16, no. 3 (2023): 1279. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16031279.

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The thermal management and reduction of energy consumption in cooling systems have become major trends with the continued growth of high heat dissipation data centers and the challenging energy situation. However, the existing studies have been limited to studying the influences of individual factors on energy saving and thermal management and have not been systematically summarized. Thus, this paper reviews the key factors in achieving thermal management and reducing energy consumption in each cooling system, the corresponding research, and optimization methods. To achieve these goals, in this paper, literature surveys on data center cooling systems are investigated. For data center air cooling, thermal management is mainly related to the uniform distribution of hot and cold air. Adjusting the porosity of perforated tiles can reduce energy consumption. For liquid cooling and free cooling systems, climate conditions, cooling system structural design, coolant type, and flow rate are key factors in achieving thermal management and reducing energy consumption. This paper provides the power usage effectiveness (PUE) values of the cooling systems in some cases. A summary of the key factors can provide directions for research on thermal management and energy reduction, and a summary of previous research can provide a basis for future optimization.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Cooling system'

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