Relevant bibliographies by topics / Coomassie Brilliant Blue (CBB)

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers
  5. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Coomassie Brilliant Blue (CBB)'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 7 June 2025
Last updated: 26 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Coomassie Brilliant Blue (CBB)"

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Rai, Anshuman, Vandana Sirotiya, Ankesh Ahirwar, et al. "Textile dye removal using diatomite nanocomposites: a metagenomic study in photosynthetic microalgae-assisted microbial fuel cells." RSC Advances 15, no. 11 (2025): 8300–8314. https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ra00793c.

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Maity, Mritunjoy, Sandip Dolui, and Nakul C. Maiti. "Hydrogen bonding plays a significant role in the binding of coomassie brilliant blue-R to hemoglobin: FT-IR, fluorescence and molecular dynamics studies." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 17, no. 46 (2015): 31216–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cp04661k.

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Goren, M. P., and J. T. Li. "The Coomassie Brilliant Blue method underestimates drug-induced tubular proteinuria." Clinical Chemistry 32, no. 2 (1986): 386–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/32.2.386.

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Abstract The sensitivity of the Coomassie Brilliant Blue (CBB) procedure differs for different proteins. To investigate the impact of this variability on clinical measurements of proteinuria, we collected urine specimens from patients with glomerular disease or drug-induced tubular nephrotoxicity and compared urinary protein concentrations as determined by the CBB method with those obtained by the biuret method. The CBB method underestimated the protein concentration predicted by the biuret method by as much as eightfold in specimens with low proportions of albumin. Determinations of protein by the CBB method in serially diluted urine specimens from patients with tubular damage also deviated from linearity by as much as twofold for protein concentrations less than 1 g/L. We conclude that CBB binding is relatively insensitive for measuring proteins specifically associated with tubular damage and hence may be inappropriate for clinical use.
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Ata, Sadia, Muhammad Imran Din, Atta Rasool, Imran Qasim, and Ijaz Ul Mohsin. "Equilibrium, Thermodynamics, and Kinetic Sorption Studies for the Removal of Coomassie Brilliant Blue on Wheat Bran as a Low-Cost Adsorbent." Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry 2012 (2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/405980.

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The sorption studies of coomassie brilliant blue (CBB) from aqueous solution have been carried out on wheat bran (WB). Coomassie brilliant blue on wheat bran was used to study the adsorption behavior under various parameters such as pH, dosage amount, and contact time. It was observed that under optimized conditions up to 95.70% dye could be removed from solution onto WB. Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms were used to elaborate the results. Freundlich model was found to be fitted well and favored multilayer adsorption. The Freundlich constants n and KF were determined as 0.53 and2.5×10−4. Thermodynamic parameters such asΔG,ΔH, andΔSstudied were taking into account, showed spontaneous and favorable reaction for coomassie brilliant blue on wheat bran. The maximum adsorption capacityqmwas found to be 6.410 mg/g. The investigations show that non treated WB is a low-cost adsorbent for the removal of dyes from textile industry effluents.
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ANJUM, HUSSAIN, and V. CHITRE A. "Electrochemical Potentials in Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) and Coomassie Brilliant Blue (CBB) Interaction." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 74, Jan 1997 (1997): 50–51. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5877555.

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<strong>Chemistry Department, Sophia College for Women, Bhulabhai Desai Road. Bombay-400 </strong><em>026</em> <em>Manuscript received 10 March 1995, revised 30 June 1995, accepted 6 July 1995</em> Electrochemical Potentials in Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) and Coomassie Brilliant Blue (CBB) Interaction
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Verma, Shiv Kumar, Anand Kumar, Moti Lal, and Mira Debnath. "Biodegradation of Synthetic Dye by Endophytic Fungal Isolate in Calotropis procera Root." International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 3, no. 3 (2015): 373–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v3i3.13136.

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In this study, based on colony morphology characteristics, a total of 19 fungal endophytes were isolated from root of Calotropis Procera a traditional Indian medicinal plant. All fungal isolates were screened for their dye degradation ability. The dyes used as test dyes were Rose Bengal (RB), azo dye Methyl Red (MR), Coomassie Brilliant Blue (CBB) and Methylene Blue (MB) and the concentration of each dye in the experiment was kept 100mg/L. Among the 19 fungal endophytic isolates (CPR1-CPR19), only one isolate CPR4 showed strong dye decolourization capability against all the four test dye. Dye decolourization ability by the isolate CPR4 was determined to be 97.4%, 87%, 65% and 45% for Rose Bengal (RB), Methyl Red (MR), Coomassie Brilliant Blue (CBB) and Methylene Blue (MB) respectively. Complete colour decolourization was observed with rose Bengal followed by Methyl Red. Glucose minimal medium was used for liquid and solid culture of fungal isolates. Fungal biomass production in the presence of four test dye was studied and compare with control culture of fungal endophytes. Effect of temperature, pH, stationary and agitation conditions on dye degradation was also studied.Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 3(3): 373-380
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Ameen, Maad M. "Influence of Coomassie Brilliant Blue dye Doping on the Physical Properties of Hydrothermally Synthesized Cu-Sb-S Nanocomposites." Scientia. Technology, Science and Society 2, no. 5 (2025): 39–55. https://doi.org/10.59324/stss.2025.2(5).04.

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This research examines the effects of Coomassie Brilliant Blue (CBB) incorporation on Cu-Sb-S nanocomposite thin films synthesized through hydrothermal methods. Samples were prepared with varying CBB concentrations (0, 0.01, 0.03, and 0.05 gm) and comprehensively known to have structural, morphological, optical, and electronic characteristics. XRD analysis successfully verified forming crystalline phases, with patterns showing characteristic peaks that evolved with increasing CBB content. Based on the X-ray diffraction results. The crystal formations of the products, Cu3SbS3, Cu3SbS4, and Na2C2O4, are cubic, Tetragonal, and Monoclinic symmetry respectively. FE-SEM imaging revealed a uniform nanostructure distribution and controlled morphology across all compositions, confirming successful CBB integration into the host matrix. Optical characterization demonstrated systematic modifications in the transmission and absorption properties with an increasing CBB concentration, indicating effective band structure modification. The optical direct band gab values were proved UV-visible absorption to be 1.4,1.5,1.6 and 1.7 eV were estimated by Tauc plots for ratio (X= 0,0.01,0.03,0.05 gm) respectively. Hall effect measurements revealed p-type semiconductor behavior throughout the composition range, with a notable trend of a decreasing carrier concentration from 9.53×10¹⁴ to 3.21×10¹⁴ cm⁻³ accompanied by a significant enhancement in carrier mobility from 4.231 to 27.654 cm²/V·s as the CBB content increased. These findings demonstrate a successful modification of the Cu-Sb-S system's optoelectronic properties through CBB incorporation, suggesting potential applications in photovoltaic devices and optoelectronic systems requiring high carrier mobility. It can also be used as a good absorbent layer in solar cells.
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Ameen, Maad M. "Influence of Coomassie Brilliant Blue dye Doping on the Physical Properties of Hydrothermally Synthesized Cu-Sb-S Nanocomposites." Scientia. Technology, Science and Society 2, no. 5 (2025): 39–55. https://doi.org/10.59324/stss.2025.2(5).04.

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This research examines the effects of Coomassie Brilliant Blue (CBB) incorporation on Cu-Sb-S nanocomposite thin films synthesized through hydrothermal methods. Samples were prepared with varying CBB concentrations (0, 0.01, 0.03, and 0.05 gm) and comprehensively known to have structural, morphological, optical, and electronic characteristics. XRD analysis successfully verified forming crystalline phases, with patterns showing characteristic peaks that evolved with increasing CBB content. Based on the X-ray diffraction results. The crystal formations of the products, Cu3SbS3, Cu3SbS4, and Na2C2O4, are cubic, Tetragonal, and Monoclinic symmetry respectively. FE-SEM imaging revealed a uniform nanostructure distribution and controlled morphology across all compositions, confirming successful CBB integration into the host matrix. Optical characterization demonstrated systematic modifications in the transmission and absorption properties with an increasing CBB concentration, indicating effective band structure modification. The optical direct band gab values were proved UV-visible absorption to be 1.4,1.5,1.6 and 1.7 eV were estimated by Tauc plots for ratio (X= 0,0.01,0.03,0.05 gm) respectively. Hall effect measurements revealed p-type semiconductor behavior throughout the composition range, with a notable trend of a decreasing carrier concentration from 9.53&times;10&sup1;⁴ to 3.21&times;10&sup1;⁴ cm⁻&sup3; accompanied by a significant enhancement in carrier mobility from 4.231 to 27.654 cm&sup2;/V&middot;s as the CBB content increased. These findings demonstrate a successful modification of the Cu-Sb-S system's optoelectronic properties through CBB incorporation, suggesting potential applications in photovoltaic devices and optoelectronic systems requiring high carrier mobility. It can also be used as a good absorbent layer in solar cells.
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Sharma, Pratibha, and Jayshree Rathore. "Sunlight Induced Photogalvanics for Conversion and Storage of Solar Energy: Coomassie Brilliant Blue-Isopropyl Alcohol-Sodium Lauryl Sulphate System." Oriental Journal Of Chemistry 39, no. 4 (2023): 1059–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/ojc/390432.

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Research plan was proposed for systematic observation with scientific way in the solar cell field of photogalvanics. It was analysis of experimental work under the solar energy output. The study of photogalvanic was done for solar energy conversion and storage by using of dye as Coomassie Brilliant Blue CBB), reductant as Isopropyl alcohol (IA), and surfactant as Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS). For this purpose, a specially designed H shaped photogalvanic system was used under investigation for innovative results. Different scientific instruments were used for methodology set up i.e., pH meter (digital), microammeter, and 200 Wt. W bulb (As light source), multi-meter, two electrodes (one was calomel and another was Pt), carbon pot 450 k, resistance key. Findings: The photogalvanic cells were studied using different parameters via photo potential, photocurrent, conversion efficiency, fill factor and cell performance. The above values are as follows: 533.0 mV, 201.0 uA, 0.8796 %, 0.3066 and 114.0 minutes. These cells were studied for the good results in solar energy field. Novelty: The observed results are very good over previously obtained results with respect to Coomassie brilliant blue, reductant as Isopropyl alcohol, and surfactant as sodium lauryl sulphate system.
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Zhang, Mengyue, Fan Yang, Nan Wang, et al. "Ultra-Fast Removal of CBB from Wastewater by Imidazolium Ionic Liquids-Modified Nano-Silica." Molecules 30, no. 1 (2024): 24. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30010024.

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The efficient removal of dyes is of significant importance for environmental purification and human health. In this study, a novel material (Si-MPTS-IL) has been synthesized by the immobilization of imidazole ionic liquids (ILs) onto nano-silica using the radiation grafting technique. The adsorption performance of Si-MPTS-IL for Coomassie Brilliant Blue (CBB) removal is studied by a series of static adsorption experiments. It is found that Si-MPTS-IL has ultra-fast adsorption kinetics, reaching equilibrium within 2 min. The adsorption process for CBB conforms to the Langmuir model. In addition, Si-MPTS-IL exhibits a negligible impact on the adsorption efficiency of CBB with the increase in salt concentration. After six cycles of adsorption–desorption, the adsorption efficiency of Si-MPTS-IL remained above 80%, indicating excellent regenerative properties and a promising candidate for the treatment of wastewater containing CBB. A study of the mechanism indicates that the CBB capture by Si-MPTS-IL can be attributed to the synergistic effects of electrostatic interactions and pore filling.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Coomassie Brilliant Blue (CBB)"

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Gauci-Mansour, Victoria J. "In-gel proteomics : optimisation of Coomassie Brilliant Blue staining as a fluorescent alternative for sensitive protein detection." Thesis, 2012. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/524303.

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Gel electrophoresis, particularly one-dimensional electrophoresis (1DE) and two-dimensional electrophoresis (2DE), remain among the most widely used methods for resolving and analysing a variety of proteomes. Detection of the resulting proteome map relies on the stain employed (i.e. Coomassie Brilliant Blue (CBB) or SYPRO Ruby (SR) in addition to many others). Fluorescent in-gel protein stains are generally preferred due to their higher sensitivity, reduced background interference, and wider dynamic range. Although traditionally used densitometrically, CBB has been shown to possess fluorescent properties. Recently, it was noted that infrared detection of CBB stained proteins was similar to SR which suggested a competitive alternative for sensitive fluorescent staining. Systematic characterisation of numerous CBB formulations in the Coorssen Lab identified BioSafe (Bio-Rad) and the Neuhoff formulation (NG) as superior performers; however, application to native proteomes saw slightly poorer detection in comparison to SR. Sub-optimal performance of the CBB stains tested might well have been due to the standardised protocol applied at the time. Using protein standards and 1DE, the protocol for both BioSafe and NG were optimised to improve selectivity without affecting sensitivity; the resulting linear dynamic range for BioSafe and NG were similar to that of SR. Although the capacity for detection was investigated using purified proteins, the ultimate goal of this research program is the improved detection of native proteomes. 2DE analyses of mouse brain and A. thaliana (leaf) proteomes indicate superior total spot detection using CBB, in particular NG, relative to SR and BioSafe. Thus, although SR is widely employed for sensitive protein detection, the same or better analyses can be achieved using CBB, at a fraction of the cost.
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Book chapters on the topic "Coomassie Brilliant Blue (CBB)"

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Arndt, Claudia, Stefanie Koristka, Anja Feldmann, Ralf Bergmann, and Michael Bachmann. "Coomassie Brilliant Blue Staining of Polyacrylamide Gels." In Methods in Molecular Biology. Springer New York, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-8745-0_4.

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Arndt, Claudia, Stefanie Koristka, Anja Feldmann, Holger Bartsch, and Michael Bachmann. "Coomassie-Brilliant Blue Staining of Polyacrylamide Gels." In Methods in Molecular Biology. Humana Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-821-4_40.

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Neumann, Ulf. "Quantitation of Proteins Separated by Electrophoresis Using Coomassie Brilliant Blue." In Springer Protocols Handbooks. Humana Press, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-259-9_27.

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Kumar, Gaurav. "Fungal Laccase Efficiently Destains Coomassie Brilliant Blue-R-250 Stained Polyacrylamide Gels." In Methods in Molecular Biology. Springer New York, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-8745-0_28.

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Aggarwal, Rachna, and Biji T. Kurien. "Destaining Coomassie Brilliant Blue-Stained Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate–Polyacrylamide Protein Gels Using a Household Detergent." In Methods in Molecular Biology. Springer New York, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-8745-0_29.

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Kurien, Biji T., and Yaser Dorri. "Coomassie Brilliant Blue Removal/Disposal from Gel Destain and Used Gel Stain in an Environment-Friendly Manner." In Methods in Molecular Biology. Humana Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-821-4_55.

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Yan, Huang, Xiao Ying Lü, and Nan Huang. "Study of Protein Adsorption and Conformational Change on DLC and Ti Surfaces Using FTIR and Coomassie Brilliant Blue Protein Assay." In Key Engineering Materials. Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-422-7.893.

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Ren, Guang, Carl K. Okerberg, and Suresh T. Mathews. "Ultrasensitive Protein Detection and Imaging: Comparison of Lumitein™, ProteoSilver™, SYPRO® Ruby, and Coomassie® Brilliant Blue Gel Stains." In Methods in Molecular Biology. Humana Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-821-4_57.

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Ramasamy Sivakumar, Mullaivanam, and Rangasamy Shanthi. "Plasma and Hemocyanin Phenoloxidase Derived from the Hemolymph of Giant Freshwater Prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man, 1879)." In Crustacea - Nano, Micro and Macro Studies [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.104268.

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We attempted to study the immune response in M. rosenbergii by melanization reaction produced by plasma phenoloxidase (PO) activity. The substrate affinity of the PO enzyme was determined using different phenolic substrates, and it was found that the diphenols were only oxidized. The enzyme was characterized as catechol oxidase type of PO and L-3,4 dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) showed the highest substrate affinity to the enzyme. The biochemical parameters that determined optimum enzyme activity were found to be 2.5 mM L-DOPA at an absorbance of 470 nm, 10 mM Tris–HCl buffer at pH 7.5, temperature at 25°C, and 15 min incubation. Kinetic characteristics of plasma were studied from the M. rosenbergii. The hemocyanin was isolated by gel filtration chromatographic technique using Sephadex G-100. The M. rosenbergii hemocyanin (MrHC) showed only one band with a molecular weight of 325 kDa on native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) when stained with Coomassie Brilliant Blue (CBB) and bathocuproine sulfonic acid. The reduction of MrHC protein in SDS-PAGE displayed three subunits with a molecular weight of 74, 76, and 78 kDa, respectively. Determination of optimal condition for PO activity of plasma has also been attempted. The plasma optimal condition taken for the MrHC was tested for its ability to oxidize diphenols such as L-DOPA was shown only PO activity. These results showed that in the presence of PO and peroxidase inhibitors, phenylthiourea (PTU) and tropolone respectively have decreased plasma and MrHC PO activity. This indicates that hemocyanin triggers innate immunity probably through one of its subunits that function as the active moiety.
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"Coomassie Brilliant Blue (acid blue, anazolene sodium)." In Encyclopedia of Genetics, Genomics, Proteomics and Informatics. Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6754-9_3600.

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Conference papers on the topic "Coomassie Brilliant Blue (CBB)"

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Prayogo, Ahmad Barep, Buhani, and Suharso. "The kinetics of adsorption for coomassie brilliant blue dye and phosphate anions using Sargassum sp. algae biomass." In THE 18TH JOINT CONFERENCE ON CHEMISTRY 2023 (18th JCC - 2023): Chemistry for Sustainable Development. AIP Publishing, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0237642.

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CANTELI, A. M. D., D. CARPINE, G. DONÁ, T. A. TAKASHINA, A. de P. SCHEER, and L. IGARASHI-MAFRA. "PHOTO-FENTON AND ADSORPTION COMBINED PROCESS FOR DEGRADATION AND REMOVING OF COOMASSIE BRILLIANT BLUE DYE FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION." In XX Congresso Brasileiro de Engenharia Química. Editora Edgard Blücher, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/chemeng-cobeq2014-0611-24728-147356.

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Nasution, Mhd Afif Alim, Buhani, Suharso, and Jilda Sofiana Dewi. "Adsorption kinetics of coomassie brilliant blue by carbon from rubber fruit shells (Hevea brasilliensis) modified with magnetite particles." In THE 18TH JOINT CONFERENCE ON CHEMISTRY 2023 (18th JCC - 2023): Chemistry for Sustainable Development. AIP Publishing, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0237641.

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AL-Shemary, Reham Q., Saad Imran Al-Abadi, Muneer A. Al-Da’amy, and Eman T. Kareem. "Isothermal and thermodynamic study of the adsorption of coomassie brilliant blue G-250 dye from aqueous solutions by modification Iraqi Porcellanite Rocks." In 4TH INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES AND ADVANCES TECHNOLOGIES. AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0157140.

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Kempfer, A. C., N. Maugeri, C. Farías, E. Bermejo, M. Gimeno, and M. Lazzari. "PURIFICATION AND PARTIAL CHARACTERIZATION OF A BIOACTIVE SUBSTANCE FROM RAT'S VESSEL WALL INDEPENDENT OF PROSTACYCLIN PRODUCTION." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643362.

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Our previous observations provided evidence that a bioactive substance (BAS) with inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation and with inotropic activity on smooth muscle preparations is present in aortic wall of rats treated previously with indomethacin. The ability to inhibit platelet aggregation was used for monitoring its purification and partial characterization. The original sample was extracted by rinsing aortic rings (1.5 mg dried rings) in buffer Krebs (300 μl) for 40 minutes at room temperature. The substance was purified by gel filtration (Bio-gel P-30, Sephadex G-100, Sephadex G-75) and ion exchange chromagra-phy (DEAE cellulose). In the last method, salt gradient elution was performed. Further purification by Sephadex G-50 resulted in removal of 90% of the contaminating substances without a loss of inhibitory activity. The main peak of both chromatographic procedures was analyzed on SDS-PAGE and PAGE with denaturing solvents. The substance was evident by Coomassie Brilliant Blue and periodic acid Schiff staining.In order to determine if the BAS was susceptible to proteolysis, an aliquot of the original sample (29 ug total protein) was incubated with trypsin (final concentration 0.3 μg/ml) and with chymotrypsin (final concentration 3 μg/ml). The BAS activity was not detected. An aliquot of the same original sample was incubated with neuraminidase (final concentration 1.2 units). The BAS activity was detected.The substance appeared to be stable for at least 18 hours at room temperature and 2 hours at 37°C, In addition it was stable over a pH range between 6.8 to 8.6, showing an anionic behaviour.The protein concentration of this substance determined by the method of Lowry was 1 μg/mlPartial characterization supports the conclusion that the substance present in aortic wall of rats is a homogeneous protein, which has a molecular size estimated at 55-65 kDa.
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Reports on the topic "Coomassie Brilliant Blue (CBB)"

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บุญหล้า, ชาญชัย. การทดสอบความแม่นยำของการตรวจวัดดัชนีการตกผลึกแคลเซี่ยมออกซาเลต (โคซี่) เพื่อการวินิจฉัยโรคนิ่วในปัสสาวะ และการพัฒนานวัตกรรมวิธีการตรวจวัดปริมาณออกซาเลตในปัสสาวะโดยอาศัยอนุภาคนาโนควอนตัมดอท. คณะแพทยศาสตร์ จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย, 2018. https://doi.org/10.58837/chula.res.2018.34.

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โรคนิ่วปัสสาวะเป็นภาวะที่มีก้อนนิ่วในระบบทางเดินปัสสาวะ ซึ่งเป็นปัญหาสุขภาพมายาวนานมาก ทั่วโลก และยิ่งมากขึ้นในประเทศเขตร้อน รวมทั้งประเทศไทย นิ่วปัสสาวะส่วนใหญ่เกิดขึ้นในไต เรียกว่า นิ่วไต ซึ่งปัจจุบันถือว่านิ่วไตเป็นหนึ่งในปัจจัยเสี่ยงสำคัญของโรคไตวายเรื้อรัง โดยทั่วไปนิ่วมีหลายชนิดแต่ที่พบมาก ที่สุดคือ นิ่วแคลเซี่ยมออกซาเลต เกิดจากการอิ่มตัวยวดยิ่งของปัสสาวะแล้วทำให้ตกผลึกแคลเซี่ยมออกซาเลต ดังนั้น การวัดว่าปัสสาวะความสามารถในการตกผลึกแคลเซี่ยมออกซาเลตได้มากน้อยเพียงใด จะสามารถ ประเมินความเสี่ยงต่อการเกิดนิ่วแคลเซี่ยมออกซาเลตในปัสสาวะได้ คณะวิจัยได้พัฒนาเทคนิคการตรวจวัด ดัชนีการตกผลึกแคลเซี่ยมออกซาเลต (โคซี่) ขึ้นมาในปี ค.ศ. 2014 สำหรับคัดกรองโรคนิ่วแคลเซี่ยมออกซาเลตในปัสสาวะ ซึ่งได้ผลดี แต่กระบวนการตรวจวัดโคซี่ยังใช้เวลานาน ใช้เวลาตกผลึกแคลเซี่ยมออกซาเลต 60 นาที การศึกษานี้จึงปรับวิธีการทำใหม่โดยลดเวลาตกผลึกลงเป็น 10 นาที จากนั้นวัดค่าโคซี่ด้วยวิธีใหม่นี้ใน ตัวอย่างปัสสาวะ 24 ชั่วโมง (n=302) จากกลุ่มผู้ป่วยนิ่วจำนวน 176 ราย และกลุ่มที่ไม่เป็นนิ่วจำนวน 129 ราย ค่าโคซี่ในปัสสาวะของกลุ่มผู้ป่วยนิ่วสูงกว่ากลุ่มไม่เป็นนิ่วอย่างมีนัยสำคัญ ผลการวิเคราะห์ ROC เพื่อ จำแนกคนที่เป็นนิ่วออกจากคนที่ไม่เป็นนิ่ว พบว่าวิธีโคซี่มีค่าพื้นที่ได้กราฟเท่ากับ 0.7651 (95% CI: 0.7124– 0.8178) สำหรับจำแนกคนเป็นนิ่วทั้งหมด และเท่ากับ 0.8839 (95% CI: 0.8115–0.9564) สำหรับจำแนก เฉพาะคนที่เป็นนิ่วแคลเซี่ยมออกซาเลต ผลการศึกษานี้ชี้ว่าวิธีโคซี่ที่พัฒนาขึ้นนี้มีความแม่นยำในการ วินิจฉัยโรคนิ่วปัสสาวะในระดับปานกลาง (moderately accurate: มีค่าพื้นที่ได้กราฟอยู่ระหว่าง 0.7-0.9) เมื่อกำหนดค่าปกติ (cutoff) ที่ 460 COM eqv. mg/day วิธีโคซี่นี้จะให้ค่าการวินิจฉัย sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value และ accuracy เท่ากับ 84%, 81%, 61%, 94% และ 82% ตามลำดับ ซึ่งเพียงพอที่จะนำมาใช้ในคลินิกจริงสำหรับคัดกรองได้ อีกปัญหาหนึ่งของ วิธีการทำโคซี่คือต้องใช้การปั่นเหวี่ยงเพื่อแยกตะกอนผลึกโคซี่ออกมาซึ่งการปั่นเหวี่ยงทำให้ต้องใช้เวลาเพิ่มขึ้น คณะผู้วิจัยจึงพัฒนาวิธีใหม่เพิ่มเติม เรียกว่า magnetic-assisted COCI (mCOCI) โดยมีแนวคิดว่าจะฝัง magnetic nanoparticles เข้าไปในผลึกโคซี่ แล้วแยกผลึกออกมาโดยใช้แรงแม่เหล็กแทนการใช้แรงปั่น เหวี่ยง แต่ผลการทดลองไม่เป็นไปตามที่คาดไว้ ถึงแม้ magnetic nanoparticles ถูกฝังเข้าไปในผลึกได้ แต่ การแยกผลึกด้วยแรงแม่เหล็กไม่มีประสิทธิภาพเท่าที่ควร เหตุผลหลักมาจากความแรงของแม่เหล็กในผลึกต่ำ มากจนไม่สามารถใช้แม่เหล็กดูดได้ดี นอกจากนี้คณะผู้วิจัยได้พยายามที่จะปรับปรุงวิธีโคซี่ให้ถูกลงและใช้งาน ง่ายขึ้น โดย เปลี่ยนจากการวัดปริมาณผลึกแคลเซี่ยมออกซาเลตจากการวัดด้วยค่าการดูดกลืนแสงช่วงคลื่น UV ที่ 215 nm มาเป็นช่วงคลื่น visible ที่ 470 nm วิธีที่พัฒนาขึ้นเพิ่มเติมจากโคซี่เดิมนี้ เรียกว่า chromogenic COCI (cCOCI) มีหลักการคือฝังสารสี Coomassie brilliant blue (CBB, R-250) เข้าไปใน ผลึกโคซี่ ทำให้ผลึกใหญ่ขึ้น ตกตะกอนได้ง่ายขึ้น และผลึกเปลี่ยนจากไม่มีสีเป็นสีฟ้า ผลึกสีฟ้าที่ได้จะล้างด้วย สารละลายอะซิติกแล้วละลายด้วย 2 N HCl จะได้เป็นสารละลายสีม่วงแดง วัดค่าการดูดกลืนแสงที่ 470 nm ผลการทดลองพบว่าค่า cCOCI ให้ผลสอดคล้องกับค่า COCI ซึ่งผลการศึกษาทำให้เชื่อว่า cCOCI น่าจะสามารถประยุกต์ใช้ในคลินิกได้ดีกว่าและถูกกว่า COCI เดิม อีกหนึ่งวัตถุประสงค์ของงานวิจัยนี้คือการพัฒนาวิธีใหม่สำหรับตรวจวัดปริมาณออกซาเลตในปัสสาวะ และในตัวอย่างอาหาร คณะผู้วิจัยได้พัฒนาขึ้นมา 2 วิธีที่มีหลักการต่างกัน คือ วิธีที่หนึ่งอาศัย quantum dot (QD) nanoparticles และลิแกนด์ที่จับจำเพาะกับออกซาเลต (oxalate-binding ligands) เรียกวิธีนี้ว่า QDbased oxalate test ซึ่งปัจจุบันสามารถสังเคราะห์ oxalate-binding ligands ได้แล้วและอยู่ระหว่างการ เชื่อมต่อกับ QD nanoparticles ส่วนวิธีที่สองวัดปริมาณออกซาเลตโดยอาศัยการทำงานของเอนไซม์ oxalate oxidase (OxO) และการสร้าง protein nanoparticles เป้าหมายที่พัฒนาวิธี enzymatic oxalate test นี้ขึ้นมา คือ เพื่อใช้เป็น point-of-care testing (POCT) ปัจจุบันคณะผู้วิจัยสามารถโคลน recombinant OxO (ยีนจากข้าวบาร์เลย์) ในยีส (Pichia pastoris) ได้แล้ว อยู่ในขั้นตอนการเพิ่มปริมาณให้ มากขึ้นเพื่อใช้ผลิต OxO-containing protein nanoparticles ในระหว่างนี้คณะผู้วิจัยได้พัฒนา POCT สำหรับการตรวจวัดกลูโคสขึ้นด้วย แนวคิดคือต้องการให้ 1 POCT test สามารถตรวจวัดได้พร้อมกันทั้งออก ซาเลตและกลูโคส ซึ่งจะมีประโยชน์มากสำหรับผู้ป่วยนิ่วให้สามารถรู้ได้ว่าอาหารที่กำลังจะรับประทานนั้นมี ปริมาณออกซาเลตและกลูโคสมากน้อยเพียงใด ทำให้สามารถเลี่ยงการรับประทานอาหารที่มีออกซาเลตและ น้ำตาลสูงได้ ซึ่งจะเป็นประโยชน์ต่อการป้องกันการเกิดนิ่วซ้ำในอนาคต และยังเป็นประโยชน์ต่อคนปกติทั่วไป ที่ต้องการเลี่ยงอาหารที่มีออกซาเลตและน้ำตาลสูงด้วย
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