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Journal articles on the topic 'Cooperation Communism'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 5 February 2022

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1

Makhrachev, Georgiy S. "Handicraft industry in Tambov Governorate: from military communism to NEP." Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities, no. 191 (2021): 215–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/1810-0201-2021-26-191-215-223.

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We consider the peculiarities of the development of handicraft industry in Tambov Governorate during the military communism and NEP. A decrease in fishing activity is noted during the period of military communism, especially in northern counties. The leather, cobbler and textile industries that were able to meet military needs developed during this period. The process of cooperation between the handicraftsmen began. However, while the original field cooperation was based on local government principles, in 1920 it was transferred to the management of the consumer cooperative society. An interes

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2

Ter-Matevosyan, Vahram. "Kemalism and Communism: From Cooperation to Complication." Turkish Studies 16, no. 4 (2015): 510–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14683849.2015.1081071.

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Kokoulin, Vladislav. "COOPERATION AND FOOD HARVESTING IN SIBERIA DURING THE PERIOD OF «WAR COMMUNISM»." Interexpo GEO-Siberia 5 (2019): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2618-981x-2019-5-45-52.

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The article discusses the role and place of cooperation in food harvesting in Siberia in the initial period of “war communism”. A strong stereotype is in the historiacal literature formed that harvesting in Siberia was carried out exclusively in the form of the razvjorstka, before the introduction of which grain wes collected at the procurement centers with “samotjok”. On the basis of the analysis of scientific sources of various departmental origin and materials of the periodical press, the author shows that “samotjok” is one of the propaganda cliches of that era. In reality, harvesting was c

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Foster, Anne L. "Secret Police Cooperation and the Roots of Anti-Communism in Interwar Southeast Asia." Journal of American-East Asian Relations 4, no. 4 (1995): 331–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187656195x00174.

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Rynkov, Vadim. "War Communism Dawn of the NEP: the Fishing Industry Management of the Northern Ob-Irtysh Region (1920-1921)." Journal of Economic History and History of Economics 19, no. 3 (2018): 330–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2308-2588.2018.19(3).330-366.

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The author analyzes historiography of soviet fishing industry establishment at the Northern Ob-Irtysh region and examines sources from the funds of Sibrevcom authorities and all-Siberian co-operative organizations that have not been earlier introduced into scientific research of the problem of establishment of the NEP policy in the provinces. This allowed validating a conclusion about complex interaction between cooperative organizations and food activities, and about contradictions between all-Siberian and Tyumen organizations. In 1920, cooperation actively used individual suppliers, individu

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Woods, Colleen. "Seditious Crimes and Rebellious Conspiracies: Anti-communism and US Empire in the Philippines." Journal of Contemporary History 53, no. 1 (2017): 61–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022009416669423.

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This article details how US colonial policymakers and Filipino political elites, intent on fostering a non-revolutionary Philippine nationalism in the late 1920s and 1930s, produced an anti-communist politics aimed at eliminating or delegitimizing radical anti-imperialism. Communist-inspired, anti-imperial activists placed US imperialism in the Philippines within the framework of western imperialism in Asia, thereby challenging the anti-imperial ideology of the US empire. Americans and elite Filipinos met this challenge by repressing radical, anti-imperialist visions of Philippine independence

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Małczak, Leszek. "Współpraca naukowa PRL z drugą Jugosławią." Poznańskie Studia Slawistyczne, no. 19 (February 23, 2021): 117–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/pss.2020.19.5.

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Scientific connections between Polish People’s Republic and The Second Yugoslavia were a very important element of the bilateral relations between both countries. The mechanisms and rules of the scientific cooperation were similar to the rules and mechanisms of the cultural cooperation and faced the same constraints and possibilities. Types of institutions existing in the field of culture had their correspondences in the field of science and education. Developing of the scientific cooperation was not a strategic aim for both countries in the interwar period as well as during the Communism due

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Dunaeva, Victoria. "Miejsce animacji kulturalnej w działalności polskich i rosyjskich lokalnych ośrodków kultury po przełomie ustrojowym (na wybranych przykładach)." Adeptus, no. 1 (June 10, 2013): 26–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.11649/a.2012.002.

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The place of cultural animation in the activity of Polish and Russian local institutions of culture after the fall of communism (selected examples)The main objective of this article is to explore and compare the role of cultural animation in the activity of local institutions of culture in Poland and Russia after the fall of communism. Among the significant issues are the strategy of local cultural institutions within the terms of the market economy, the system of values that they promote and the conditions of effective cooperation of these institutions with their audiences. One of the importa

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Zbuchea, Alexandra, and Loredana Ivan. "Painting Shades of Gray: How to Communicate the History of Communism in Museums." Romanian Journal of Communication and Public Relations 17, no. 2 (2015): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.21018/rjcpr.2015.2.14.

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<p>Communication of sciences / arts lies at the core of a museum public activity. It is a special type of communication, meant to make the collections and the domain of the expertise of the museum accessible to a wide public in order to fulfill the special cultural and social role that museums have in the contemporary society. This cannot be achieved without the cooperation of visitors, as well as the museum stakeholders. For fruitful relationships, museums have to design their activity and public offer taking into account the characteristics as well as the interests of various segments

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Ali, Shehzad. "Slavoj Žižek, Pandemic! COVID-19 Shakes the World." Review of Human Rights 6, no. 1 (2020): xlix—l. http://dx.doi.org/10.35994/rhr.v6i1.109.

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One of the major themes of the book is to recognize the seriousness of the situation and its possible outcomes. Žižek informs us that the only possible way to face the challenge is to realize that world leaders should unite and develop a global health care system presided over by the World Health organization. As it is obvious that almost every crisis creates opportunities of some kind Žižek seems to argue that in the current disaster there is potential for communism (though not the one of 20th century type but the one) based on human cooperation. As he says: “it should be a disaster communism

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Dalton, Graham, Willem Heijman, and Edward Majewski. "MODERNIZING POLISH AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS TEACHING AND RESEARCH: AN EVALUATION OF ACADEMIC COOPERATION." Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Oeconomia 16, no. 4 (2017): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/aspe.2017.16.4.40.

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Twenty-five years ago in response to the collapse of communism in Poland, an academic consortium was formed around two Polish Universities of Life Sciences (formerly Universities of Agriculture) for a Tempus project. The consortium has expanded from a project to revise curricula in agricultural economics within a market economy to much wider educational and research interests. The consortium’s main achievement has been in the organisation and accreditation of MBA programmes which has subsequently been augmented by a network for other educational and research programmes in a number of countries

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Shamayeva, N. P. "THEORY OF COOPERATION IN THE 19TH - EARLY 20TH CENTURIES: JUSTIFICATION OF THE NEED FOR PRACTICAL REALIZATION OF A JUST SOCIETY." Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series Economics and Law 31, no. 1 (2021): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2412-9593-2021-31-1-53-58.

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The article examines the stages of development of the theory of cooperation during the XIX - early XX centuries. The theory of cooperation reflects the main stages in the development of human society, when the search for a certain ideal of organizing social life begins with the substantiation of frankly utopian ideas (T. More's theory) that cannot be put into practice. The theories of R. Owen and C. Fourier were the first attempts to theoretically substantiate the need to use cooperation under capitalism to facilitate the work and life of ordinary workers. In the case of R. Owen, there was an

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Sathita Dejthongpong. "The Influence of Political System, Political Regime, Party System on Political Participation of ASEAN Member States’ People." RUDN Journal of Political Science, no. 4 (December 15, 2016): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-1438-2016-4-57-65.

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This article examines the influence of political system, political regime, party system on political participation of ASEAN member states. The ten ASEAN member states have unique political background. To understand how the political systems, political regimes and party systems influence the political participation, this article divides the ten ASEAN member states into 3 groups of political regime; democracy, authoritarianism, and communism. Although each ten ASEAN member states have different political regimes, they could unite as an association intended to form a framework for regional cooper

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Krakowiak, Piotr. "Gaps in end-of-life care and lack of support for family carers in Poland and Central Eastern Europe." Palliative Care and Social Practice 14 (January 2020): 263235242095800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2632352420958001.

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The growth of life expectancy in Central Eastern Europe and increase in the number of older people in that region are the consequences of changes in the 1990s period, connected to transition from the communism into a market economy. Central Eastern Europe is already facing consequences of fast ageing and insufficient development of state health care and social services. Those result in gaps in the provision of end-of-life care and overburden of family caregivers. This essay addresses gaps in end-of-life care, showing the development of hospice-palliative care on one side, and highlighting main

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Lukes, Steven. "Marxism and Morality: Reflections on the Revolutions of 1989." Ethics & International Affairs 4 (March 1990): 19–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-7093.1990.tb00243.x.

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Can the momentous events in Tianamen Square and the revolutionary changes in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe be seen as the inevitable triumph of one political ideology over another? Was there a political morality of “Official Communism”? The author identifies the features and framework within which Marxism endured, particularly as a promise of “political emancipation” whereby the individual would achieve “universal freedom” from capitalism and slavery through cooperation and struggle. Yet, ultimately, the pluralist-led events of 1989 demonstrated that protests were aimed at achieving just

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Markovich, Slobodan. "Dr. Djura Djurovic a lifelong opponent of Yugoslav communist totalitarianism." Balcanica, no. 43 (2012): 273–323. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/balc1243273m.

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The paper deals with the life story of Dr. Djura Djurovic (1900-1983), one of key targets of Yugoslav communist totalitarianism. He was a Belgrade lawyer who worked in the Administration of the City of Belgrade before WWII. In 1943 he joined the Yugoslav Home Army (YHA) of General Mihailovic, and held high positions in the YHA press and propaganda departments. His duties included running the Radio-telegraphic agency Democratic Yugoslavia. He accompanied General Mihailovic on his meetings with OSS Colonel McDowell, and with Captain Rakovic he established successful cooperation with Red Army uni

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C. Seitz, John. "The Mass-Clock and the Spy: The Catholicization of World War II." Church History 83, no. 4 (2014): 924–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009640714001176.

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The religious history of World War II in the U.S. has long been dominated by the theme of pluralism. The trials of mobilization and battle fostered inter-religious cooperation. Against a backdrop of Nazi intolerance and godless communism, these collaborative experiences would, in the postwar years, help mute religious conflict and amplify a “Judeo-Christian” consensus. This framing, while compelling, has deflected attention from the distinctive modes with which religious Americans interpreted the war. The work of the National Catholic Community Service (the Catholic arm of the United Service O

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Hammond, Kelly A. "Managing Muslims: imperial Japan, Islamic policy, and Axis connections during the Second World War." Journal of Global History 12, no. 2 (2017): 251–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1740022817000079.

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AbstractProbing into Japan’s quest to legitimize itself within the Islamic sphere, this article examines some of the lessons that imperial Japan hoped to learn from the Germans and the Italians regarding their respective handling of Muslim populations in the Middle East and North Africa. For their part, Muslims living under Japanese occupation on the mainland often benefited from Axis cooperation and were able to create relationships with Muslims beyond China. In the article, I posit that Japanese militarists used their Axis connections as a powerful rhetorical tool to position themselves as l

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Kahn, Owen Ellison. "Cuba's Impact in Southern Africa." Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs 29, no. 3 (1987): 33–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/165843.

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This Article Assesses the impact of the Cuban military on strategic, diplomatic and political relationships in southern Africa. It does not deal with why Cuba and its Soviet benefactor have interested themselves in the region, nor does it discuss Soviet influence on Cuban foreign policy. The aspects covered here include: (1) how Cuba and Angola fit into the complex pattern of regional relations in southern Africa; (2) an outline of the region's main territorial actors and guerrilla movements, along with a brief history of Cuban involvement in the area; (3) the response of South Africa to this

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Treharne, Sally-Ann. "Dutch, the Iron Lady and Latin America. The Anglo-American Special Relationship in Latin America under Reagan and Thatcher." Boolean: Snapshots of Doctoral Research at University College Cork, no. 2010 (January 1, 2010): 159–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.33178/boolean.2010.36.

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Margaret Thatcher and Ronald Reagan made a formidable team in the international political environment of the 1980s. Their close working and indeed personal relationship shaped the future of Western European defence, facilitated the eventual fall of Communism, and brought international recognition to the Anglo-American Special Relationship. It was a testimony to a joint commitment to a renewal in transatlantic relations following a lull in the 1970s. Both leaders had vastly different personalities with Mrs. Thatcher often portrayed as Reagan’s proverbial ‘poodle’ in such satirical shows as the

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Ishaque, Waseem. "UNITED STATES FOREIGN POLICY TOWARDS SOUTH ASIA; ANALYZING IMPLICATIONS FOR PAKISTAN." Global Political Review V, no. III (2020): 24–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2020(v-iii).03.

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The US foreign policy for South Asia has generally remained zero-sum for India and Pakistan. While Pakistan joined US camp immediately after independence and during the period of cold war remained part of the US alliance system and frontline state in the defeat of communism and now War on Terrorism. On the contrary, the US adopted a different approach towards India in terms of strategic partnership and different nuclear-related cooperation. US National Security Strategy of January 2018 has reprioritized national security preferences where India has been granted great status as a potential comp

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Kugler, Mikołaj. "US political and military involvement in the security of Central and Eastern Europe after 1989 – the example of Poland." Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces 196, no. 2 (2020): 320–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.2536.

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The article discusses how the United States of America has contributed to the security of Central and Eastern Europe, both politically and militarily, since the end of the Cold War, using Poland’s example. It shows that the United States committed itself to the security of both Poland and the region, following the collapse of communism in Poland in 1989, albeit to a varying degree in different countries. America played a pivotal role in NATO enlargement in the 1990s, and in extending security assurances to Poland, Hungary, and the Czech Republic, as well as to other countries in the subsequent

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Juhász, Krisztina. "Evaluating Hungary’s Participation in the European Union’s Common Security and Defence Policy." Polish Political Science Review 9, no. 1 (2021): 45–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ppsr-2021-0004.

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Abstract Hungary joined the European Union in 2004 but started to participate in EU crisis management operations well before. Since the Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) was a new policy area at that time, it was an extraordinary experience for Hungary to be integrated into a policy still under development. Aft er briefly detailing the foreign and security policy options Hungary faced right after the transition from communism, this paper analyses Hungary’s contribution to the CSDP. The CSDP is based on two pillars — one operational and the other related to capability-building. The pape

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Ahmad, Harem Hasan, Ribwar Khalid Mustafa, and Ibrahim Ali Salim. "The Eisenhawer Doctrine (1957): The Impact on Arabic Countries and The Soviet Union Attitude." Journal of University of Raparin 7, no. 4 (2020): 240–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.26750/vol(7).no(4).paper13.

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Following the end of World War II, and emerging of a vacuum after the withdrawal of British and French forces from some of the Middle East countries in the region, creating fear in Western countries, particularly the United States, that the Eastern Bloc, in particular Russia, would seek to fill the vacuum and spread the idea of leftism and communism in the region. For this reason, the United States has made every effort to confront the idea of communism and establish a foothold in the region among its policies. To this end, then US President Harry Truman announced his country's new policy in t

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Gallo, Edoardo, and Chang Yan. "The effects of reputational and social knowledge on cooperation." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 12 (2015): 3647–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1415883112.

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The emergence and sustenance of cooperative behavior is fundamental for a society to thrive. Recent experimental studies have shown that cooperation increases in dynamic networks in which subjects can choose their partners. However, these studies did not vary reputational knowledge, or what subjects know about other’s past actions, which has long been recognized as an important factor in supporting cooperation. They also did not give subjects access to global social knowledge, or information on who is connected to whom in the group. As a result, it remained unknown how reputational and social

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Hancock-Stefan, George, and SaraGrace Stefan. "From the Ivory Tower to the Grass Roots: Ending Orthodox Oppression of Evangelicals, and Beginning Grassroots Fellowship." Religions 12, no. 8 (2021): 601. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel12080601.

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When considering the relationship between the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Evangelical Church, can we both celebrate progress towards unity, while acknowledging where growth must still occur? Dr. George Hancock-Stefan, who fled the oppressive communist regime of Yugoslavia with the rest of his Baptist family, now frequently returns to Eastern Europe to explore topics of modern theology. During these travels, he has recognized a concerning trend: the religious unity and interfaith fellowship celebrated in Western academia does not reach the Eastern European local level. This is primarily due

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Broszkiewicz, Roman, Barbara Krzyskow, and Halina Szejnwald Brown. "The Occupational Safety and Health System in Poland during the Transition to Democracy and a Market Economy." NEW SOLUTIONS: A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy 8, no. 2 (1998): 221–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/vc5g-ca39-0nkh-6ufy.

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Since the fall of communism, the occupational health and safety system in Poland, which was extensively developed during the post-war period, has been incrementally adapting to the new social order. The reforms of the 1990s aimed at stimulating active participation by workers and labor unions, increasing the responsibility of employers, reducing the paternalistic role of the state, and strengthening the enforcement branch. The emergent system has many strengths, including a highly branched-out system of regional and local enforcement agencies, competent and self-confident government institutio

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Cuevas, Aaron J. "Book Review: Heidi Blake, From Russia with Blood: The Kremlin’s Ruthless Assassination Program and Vladimir Putin’s Secret War on the West. New York: Mulholland Books, 2019." NETSOL: New Trends in Social and Liberal Sciences 5, no. 2 (2020): 50–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.24819/netsol2020.08.

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In the years following the end of the Cold War and the collapse of the Soviet Union, Western leaders and political scientists lauded the turning point in history as a momentous triumph of democracy and economic liberalism over communism and the doomed command economic model. Western nations and the United Kingdom in particular, saw the period immediately after the Soviet collapse as an opportunity for political and economic cooperation not seen in more than a half century. Lavish public relations events including state dinners, meetings with the Queen of England and inclusion on the G-8 Econom

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Ibrahim, Muhammad. "The Political Role of Russia: A Case Study of Central Asian Muslim States." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 5, no. 1 (2015): 182. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v5i1.7389.

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Capitalism and Socialism prevail over and converted world into bipolar. U.S.S.R was super power of world and leader of Eastern Europe and Socialist Block. There was a state of constant confrontation between two Super powers, the United States and the Soviet Union that led to disintegration of USSR. Central Asian states get independence from USSR. It changed the political significance of Russia at global forums. The politics of world converted to unipolar world. Socio-economic reconstruction calls for the strength of a democratic state capable of inspiring its citizen to self-interested volunta

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ŁACH, Halina. "POLISH AND RUSSIAN BORDER ON THE ROAD TO SCHENGEN." Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces 161, no. 3 (2011): 97–122. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0002.3042.

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After the collapse of communism, the countries of Central Europe, including Poland, be-came a “buffer zone” for the European Union. This was not the result of a deliberate policy by the EU; Poland and the other countries in Central Europe wanted to begin cooperation with the EU as soon as possible, hoping to become its members.Future membership in the Union required Poland to adopt and implement the regulations of the Schengen legal order, which included control on its external borders, a common visa regime, combating cross-border crime, migration policy, infrastructure for border protection,

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COOPER, BARRY, ANDREW E. M. LEWIS-PYE, ANGSHENG LI, YICHENG PAN, and XI YONG. "Establishing social cooperation: The role of hubs and community structure." Network Science 6, no. 2 (2018): 251–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/nws.2018.3.

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AbstractPrisoner's Dilemma (PD) games have become a well-established paradigm for studying the mechanisms by which cooperative behavior may evolve in societies consisting of selfish individuals. Recent research has focused on the effect of spatial and connectivity structure in promoting the emergence of cooperation in scenarios where individuals play games with their neighbors, using simple “memoryless” rules to decide their choice of strategy in repeated games. While heterogeneity and structural features such as clustering have been seen to lead to reasonable levels of cooperation in very res

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Gonzalez Cepeda, Liborio. "El multilateralismo en América: estrategia del dominó en la Guerra Fría." Criterio Jurídico Garantista 9, no. 14 (2016): 68–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.26564/21453381.594.

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La consolidación de procesos de unidad para la coopera- ción entre Estados con la creación de instituciones como la oea y el tiar en América, fue un esfuerzo que encon- tró en el discurso de la Guerra Fría y en sus desarrollos un factor dinamizador e impulsor; se podría decir que fue el elemento que llevó a que propuestas de esa naturaleza, que se venían promoviendo con anterioridad, encontraran la excusa perfecta para su concreción. El miedo al comu- nismo, acentuado con la culpabilidad que se les atribuyó a los comunistas soviéticos por el asesinato en Bogotá del líder liberal

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Amnuay, Rawikarn. "The management cooperation in Bangbua residential community." New Trends and Issues Proceedings on Humanities and Social Sciences 3, no. 1 (2017): 551–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/gjhss.v3i1.1819.

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Cherkasov, P. "Farewell to the Era: IMEMO before the Collapse of the USSR." World Economy and International Relations, no. 9 (2014): 103–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2014-9-103-120.

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The article is dedicated to IMEMO activities at the final stage of the USSR (1990–1991), when two main phenomena manifested: the society’s disappointment in Perestroika, which evolved into a wave of anti-communism, and the rise of nationalist and separatist trends. Gorbachev's attempts to carry out profound economic transformation under conditions of the Soviet republics sovereignization failed, encountering resistance of national and regional elites which hankered for monopoly ownership and uncontrolled power in their regions. IMEMO took an active part in drafting of economic and political re

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Krzyworzeka, Amanda. "Changes in Farmers’ Modes of Work in Podlasie." Wieś i Rolnictwo, no. 1 (190) (July 19, 2021): 59–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.53098/wir012021/03.

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Over a long time, a unique peasant mode of work developed in rural areas, which has been described in substantial detail by scholars including ethnographers, historians and rural sociologists. It was largely based on concentrating on the process and not the result, affirming work as such, cooperation with family members and neighbours, and work being embedded in a social context. This model underwent substantial change already under communism, but recent decades have accelerated the process. In the face of the structural transformation of rural areas, but also wider changes related to the sphe

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Mashayamombe, Norlington, and Costa Hofisi. "Community participation and malaria prevention programs." Environmental Economics 7, no. 4 (2016): 139–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ee.07(4-1).2016.06.

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Malaria prevention and control programs in Zimbabwe have been hampered by low levels of cooperation by local communities. The study sought to assess the impact of community participation on cooperation in malaria prevention and control programs in Binga, Gokwe and Kariba districts in Zimbabwe. This study is aimed at synthesizing, comparing and contrasting data from these three districts which are, arguably, the most prone to malaria in the country. An intensive and extensive review of related literature was done on the impact of community participation on cooperation in malaria prevention and

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Pinotti, Francesco, Fakhteh Ghanbarnejad, Philipp Hövel, and Chiara Poletto. "Interplay between competitive and cooperative interactions in a three-player pathogen system." Royal Society Open Science 7, no. 1 (2020): 190305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.190305.

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In ecological systems, heterogeneous interactions between pathogens take place simultaneously. This occurs, for instance, when two pathogens cooperate, while at the same time, multiple strains of these pathogens co-circulate and compete. Notable examples include the cooperation of human immunodeficiency virus with antibiotic-resistant and susceptible strains of tuberculosis or some respiratory infections with Streptococcus pneumoniae strains. Models focusing on competition or cooperation separately fail to describe how these concurrent interactions shape the epidemiology of such diseases. We s

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Nasarudin, Tubagus Muhammad. "KONSEPSI NEGARA HUKUM PANCASILA DAN IMPLEMENTASINYA DI INDONESIA." PRANATA HUKUM 15, no. 1 (2020): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.36448/pranatahukum.v15i1.217.

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The rule of law in the perspective of Pancasila which can be termed the law state of Indonesia or the rule of law state of Pancasila besides having the same elements as the rule of law in the rechtstaat and rule of law, also has specific elements that make the Indonesian law state different from the concept of the state generally known law. The difference locates in the values contained in the Preamble to the 1945 Constitution which contain Pancasila with the principles of the Belief in the one and only God and the absence of separation between the state and religion, the principle of delibera

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Simonet, Camille, and Luke McNally. "Kin selection explains the evolution of cooperation in the gut microbiota." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 6 (2021): e2016046118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2016046118.

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Through the secretion of “public goods” molecules, microbes cooperatively exploit their habitat. This is known as a major driver of the functioning of microbial communities, including in human disease. Understanding why microbial species cooperate is therefore crucial to achieve successful microbial community management, such as microbiome manipulation. A leading explanation is that of Hamilton’s inclusive-fitness framework. A cooperator can indirectly transmit its genes by helping the reproduction of an individual carrying similar genes. Therefore, all else being equal, as relatedness among i

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Vasiliu, Roxana-Mihaela. "The Political and Civic Involvement of Students: a sociological research." Technium Social Sciences Journal 9 (June 10, 2020): 501–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v9i1.931.

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On a democratic society, it is desirable to consolidate the relation between citizens and political system through a participatory political culture. Romania – as others post-communism spaces – is characterized by a low level of political communication, poor civic involvement and insufficiently cooperation between government and citizens. During this context, the position of the new generation is crucial in consolidating democracy. Previous studies showed that the young Romanian is perceived rather as an outsider in the relation with the system, have a low trust in institutions by comparison w

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Wróbel, Piotr. "Polish-Ukrainian Relations during World War II." East European Politics and Societies: and Cultures 26, no. 1 (2012): 213–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0888325411398910.

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After the fall of communism in 1989–1991, Poland and Ukraine could have become partners in international, economic, and cultural fields. Yet despite many positive achievements, the contemporary Polish-Ukrainian cooperation did not fully develop. Among many reasons that slow down the Polish-Ukrainian rapprochement, historical memories seem to be especially detrimental. The remembrances of World War II are the most destructive. Both Poles and Ukrainians understand that the only way to change this situation is to study and discuss the common history. A list of works on Polish-Ukrainian relations

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Christman, Walter L. "The PfP Consortium “Community of Experts” Approach to International Security Cooperation." Connections: The Quarterly Journal 07, no. 3 (2008): 15–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.11610/connections.07.3.02.

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Deb, Joyee, and Julio González-Díaz. "Enforcing social norms: Trust‐building and community enforcement." Theoretical Economics 14, no. 4 (2019): 1387–433. http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/te2404.

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We study impersonal exchange and ask how agents can behave honestly in anonymous transactions without contracts. We analyze repeated anonymous random matching games, where agents observe only their own transactions. Little is known about cooperation in this setting beyond the prisoner's dilemma. We show that cooperation can be sustained quite generally, using community enforcement and “trust‐building.” The latter refers to an initial phase in which one community builds trust by not deviating despite a short‐run incentive to cheat; the other community reciprocates trust by not punishing deviati

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Alencar, Gildiney Penaves de, Maria da Graça De Lira Pereira, Thiago Teixeira Pereira, Cristiane Martins Viegas de Oliveira, Camila Souza De Morais, and Gabriel Elias Ota. "Jogos Cooperativos: Relações e Importância na Educação Física Escolar." Revista de Ensino, Educação e Ciências Humanas 20, no. 2 (2019): 220. http://dx.doi.org/10.17921/2447-8733.2019v20n2p220-223.

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Os jogos cooperativos são atividades que servem para unir as pessoas, compartilhar com o outro e têm a intenção de despertar a coragem nos participantes e promover um sentimento de prazer. No contexto da Educação Física Escolar, os jogos cooperativos se mostram como uma ferramenta capaz de promover a aprendizagem das habilidades motoras e incitar a prática de atividades físicas. Nesse sentido, o objetivo desta pesquisa é discutir sobre as relações e importância dos jogos cooperativos na Educação Física Escolar. Foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica, exploratória e documental. Percebe-se que

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Sasongko, Adrian Tri, Yeti Lis Purnamadewi, and Sri Mulatsih. "ANALISIS KEUNGGULAN KOMPARATIF DAN FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KINERJA KOPERASI DI PULAU JAWA." JURNAL EKONOMI DAN KEBIJAKAN PEMBANGUNAN 6, no. 2 (2018): 90–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jekp.6.2.90-106.

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Development of cooperatives is an important element that must be done in order to realize the national economic development because the cooperative able to accommodate the community in achieving the goal of improving the welfare of the people based on the principle of mutual cooperation. Differences in regional characteristics lead to diversity in the development and development of cooperatives. Java Island with rapid economic growth, able to build cooperatives in large numbers but the performance of cooperatives and growth is still fluctuating. Therefore, this study aims to determine the comp

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Sasongko, Adrian Tri, Yeti Lis Purnamadewi, and Sri Mulatsih. "ANALISIS KEUNGGULAN KOMPARATIF DAN FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KINERJA KOPERASI DI PULAU JAWA." JURNAL EKONOMI DAN KEBIJAKAN PEMBANGUNAN 6, no. 2 (2018): 90–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jekp.6.2.2017.90-106.

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Development of cooperatives is an important element that must be done in order to realize the national economic development because the cooperative able to accommodate the community in achieving the goal of improving the welfare of the people based on the principle of mutual cooperation. Differences in regional characteristics lead to diversity in the development and development of cooperatives. Java Island with rapid economic growth, able to build cooperatives in large numbers but the performance of cooperatives and growth is still fluctuating. Therefore, this study aims to determine the comp

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Kydd, Andrew. "Trust Building, Trust Breaking: The Dilemma of NATO Enlargement." International Organization 55, no. 4 (2001): 801–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/002081801317193600.

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Barbara Koremenos, Charles Lipson, and Duncan Snidal conjecture that the conditions of membership in international institutions will grow more restrictive as a response to uncertainty about state preferences. Membership criteria will act as a signaling device—states more committed to cooperation will be willing to meet the criteria, whereas those less committed to cooperation will not. The recent enlargement of NATO to include the former Warsaw Pact members Poland, Hungary, and the Czech Republic illustrates this logic. The potential candidates for admission had to meet standards with respect

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Thomas, Matthew Gwynfryn, Bård-Jørgen Bårdsen, and Marius Warg Næss. "The narrow gap between norms and cooperative behaviour in a reindeer herding community." Royal Society Open Science 5, no. 2 (2018): 171221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.171221.

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Cooperation evolves on social networks and is shaped, in part, by norms: beliefs and expectations about the behaviour of others or of oneself. Networks of cooperative social partners and associated norms are vital for pastoralists, such as Saami reindeer herders in northern Norway. However, little is known quantitatively about how norms structure pastoralists' social networks or shape cooperation. Saami herders reported their social networks and participated in field experiments, allowing us to gauge the overlap between reported and emergent cooperation. We show that individuals' perceptions o

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Carlarne, Cinnamon P., and Mohamed S. Helal. "A Conversation about Climate Change Law and the ‘International Community’." Climate Law 8, no. 3-4 (2018): 229–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18786561-00803008.

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As international climate change law approaches its third decade of existence, the field continues to evolve and prove resilient in the face of daunting political, technical, and economic challenges. Moving forward with efforts to structure effective responses to climate change requires scholars and policymakers to engage with the reality that international cooperation on climate change continues to lag. Early efforts to address climate change presumed the existence of an international community that would facilitate the level of cooperation needed to structure effective solutions to a massive

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Ge, Erhao, Yuan Chen, Jiajia Wu, and Ruth Mace. "Large-scale cooperation driven by reputation, not fear of divine punishment." Royal Society Open Science 6, no. 8 (2019): 190991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.190991.

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Reputational considerations favour cooperation and thus we expect less cooperation in larger communities where people are less well known to each other. Some argue that institutions are, therefore, necessary to coordinate large-scale cooperation, including moralizing religions that promote cooperation through the fear of divine punishment. Here, we use community size as a proxy for reputational concerns, and test whether people in small, stable communities are more cooperative than people in large, less stable communities in both religious and non-religious contexts. We conducted a donation ga

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