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Journal articles on the topic 'Cooperative act'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 17 February 2022

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1

Gerber, Nina, Manon K. Schweinfurth, and Michael Taborsky. "The smell of cooperation: rats increase helpful behaviour when receiving odour cues of a conspecific performing a cooperative task." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287, no. 1939 (2020): 20202327. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.2327.

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Reciprocity can explain cooperative behaviour among non-kin, where individuals help others depending on their experience in previous interactions. Norway rats ( Rattus norvegicus ) cooperate reciprocally according to direct and generalized reciprocity. In a sequence of four consecutive experiments, we show that odour cues from a cooperating conspecific are sufficient to induce the altruistic help of rats in a food-exchange task. When rats were enabled to help a non-cooperative partner while receiving olfactory information from a rat helping a conspecific in a different room, they helped their

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2

Rohmat, Aji Basuki. "ANALISIS PENERAPAN PRINSIP-PRINSIP KOPERASI DALAM UNDANG-UNDANG KOPERASI (Studi Undang-Undang No. 25 Tahun 1992 dan Undang-Undang No.17 Tahun 2012)." Jurnal Pembaharuan Hukum 2, no. 1 (2016): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.26532/jph.v2i1.1424.

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Studied law build cooperative efforts very closely related to the economic system adopted by a State, because the legal build cooperative efforts is to learn about the ideology, ideology andeconomic system adopted by the State. Implementation of the application of the Act cooperative must pay attention to the development of co-operative principles are applied internationally, in this case the cooperative principles set out the International Cooperative Alliance and other business practices. This study uses normative juridical approach, in which the specification of research using descriptive a

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3

Hari Sanjaya, Davit, and Achmad Sulchan. "Notary Role In Making Cooperation Deed Based On Act No. 25 Of 1992 On Cooperatives In The Kudus District." Jurnal Akta 6, no. 2 (2019): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/akta.v6i2.5007.

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The purpose of this study are to: 1) To determine and analyze the role of the Notary In Making Cooperative Deed Based on Act No.25 of 1992 on Cooperatives in Kudus District, 2) To determine the barriers and solutions with other legal regulations. The data used in this research is the primary data secondary data to support the assessment, which is then analyzed by socio-juridical.Based on data analysis concluded that: 1) The results of this study indicate Notary Role In Making Deed of Cooperative Members ie till Endorsement Process Deed by the competent authority, the Minister, the Act is used

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4

Stępień, Piotr. "Spółdzielcze własnościowe prawo do lokalu a prawo odrębnej własności lokalu. Przeszłość, teraźniejszość oraz perspektywa na kolejne 100 lat." Studia Iuridica 77 (March 20, 2019): 174–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.1873.

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The article is a review of housing cooperative law in the last 100 years. The aim is to approximate one of the limited real rights contained in article 244 of the Civil Code, a cooperative ownership right to a flat. Indication of the most important changes in the cooperative ownership right to housing, made since the independence of Poland. Starting from the first Polish legal act on housing cooperatives, the act on cooperatives from 1920, passing to the Act of 17 February 1961 on cooperatives and their unions, then the Act of 16 September 1982 – Cooperative Law, as well as to the Act of 15 De

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5

Noer, Zakiah. "AKIBAT HUKUM PENDIRIAN LEMBAGA KEUANGAN MIKRO OLEH BADAN HUKUM KOPERASI." JURNAL MEDIA HUKUM DAN PERADILAN 4, no. 1 (2018): 35–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.29062/jmhp.v4i1.3.

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This research is underlined by the existence of cooperative business activities which collect and distribute funds over its members, and also to its non-members. In order to avoid the violation of the provisions in Act No. 25 Year 1992 about Cooperatives, cooperative has established a microfinance institution (MFI) which called as Cooperative MFI. The establishment of microfinance institutions causes the legal consequences on several aspects because of the different regulations between Cooperative and MFI according Act No. 25 Year 1992 about Cooperatives and Act No.1 Year 2013 about Microfinan

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6

Guinnane, Timothy W. "New Law for New Enterprises: Cooperative Law in Germany, 1867–1889." Jahrbuch für Wirtschaftsgeschichte / Economic History Yearbook 61, no. 2 (2020): 377–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jbwg-2020-0016.

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AbstractThe first modern German cooperatives began operations in the 1840s and faced, among other challenges, unfriendly legal rules. In Prussia, cooperatives experienced official harassment as allies of the then-oppositional Liberals. More importantly, cooperatives lacked the right to act as bodies, forcing them to engage in expensive legal workarounds for simple tasks such as contracting debts. The first German cooperatives law, Prussia’s 1867 Act, made clear the cooperatives had a right to exist and gave them the right to act as entities. Further development in the cooperative movement expo

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7

Michalik, Andrzej. "ZWIĄZKI SPÓŁDZIELCZE JAKO NARZĘDZIE WSPIERANIA SPÓŁDZIELNI SOCJALNYCH." Zeszyty Prawnicze 15, no. 3 (2016): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/zp.2015.15.3.08.

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Cooperative Unions as an Instrument for the Support of Social Cooperatives in PolandSummaryThe article provides basic information on the evolution of cooperativeunions in Poland. It shows the numerous advantages of membership ofcooperative unions for individual cooperatives, which helps them on theroad to economic and social success. This is particularly important forsocial cooperatives, whose aim is to act on behalf of their members’ socialand professional reintegration. The article describes the Polish unionof social cooperatives, the country’s only representative body for socialcooperatives

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Guinnane, Timothy W., and Susana Martínez-Rodríguez. "Cooperatives before cooperative law: business law and cooperatives in Spain, 1869-1931." Revista de Historia Económica / Journal of Iberian and Latin American Economic History 29, no. 1 (2011): 67–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0212610911000012.

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AbstractStudies of Spanish cooperatives date their spread from the Law on Agrarian Syndicates of 1906. But the first legislative appearance of cooperatives is an 1869 measure that permitted general incorporation for lending companies. The 1931 general law on cooperatives, the first act permitting the formation of cooperatives in any activity, reflects the gradual disappearance of the cooperative's «business» characteristics. In this paper, we trace the Spanish cooperative's legal roots in business law and its connections to broader questions of the freedom of association, the formation of join

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9

Budiyono, Tri, and Christina Maya Indah S. "PERGESERAN POLITIK HUKUM KOPERASI DALAM UU RI NO. 25 TAHUN 1992 DAN UU RI NO. 17 TAHUN 2012 SERTA PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI NO. 28/PUU RI -XI/2013*." Masalah-Masalah Hukum 44, no. 3 (2015): 336. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/mmh.44.3.2015.336-347.

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This research revealed the shift of political law as a result of implementation Act of Republic of Indonesia No.17 of 2012 that reposition Act of Republic of Indonesia No.25of 1992. The implementation of Act of Republic of Indonesia No.17 of 2012 leaved crusial problem because of the lack of values ethic of cooperative. The crucial problems in Act of Republic of Indonesia No.17of 2012 related with the reduce of cooperative concept by limited as a legal entity. Beside that, the capital aspect has potential to reduce the value of cooperative, the appointment of cooperative management of non memb

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10

Haman, Lynne. "Balancing act." Teaching Children Mathematics 17, no. 4 (2010): 230–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/tcm.17.4.0230.

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11

Wysocka, Ewa. "Ewolucja regulacji prawnych w bankowości spółdzielczej w Polsce." Studia Iuridica 72 (April 17, 2018): 431–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0011.7646.

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Cooperative banking in Poland has more than 150 years of tradition, going back to the period of Partitions. The first Polish credit associations and cooperatives were established in Greater Poland in the years 1861–1862, in the fashion of credit cooperatives for farmers established by Friedrich Raiffeisen and the so-called cooperative “people’s banks” associating craftsmen, that were founded by Franz Schultze. In 1899, on the territory of the Austrian Partition, small credit institutions, the so-called “Stefczyk Savings Unions” (“Kasy Stefczyka”), were created, associating mainly farmers, In t

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12

Gajdošík, Tomáš. "Network Analysis of Cooperation in Tourism Destinations." Czech Journal of Tourism 4, no. 1 (2015): 26–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cjot-2015-0002.

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Abstract Globalisation on the tourism market causes that the competition is not formed only between stakeholders in a destination, but more and more it is created among destinations. Therefore tourism stakeholders in a destination have to act together and cooperate. The cooperative behaviour of destination stakeholders is seen as a main prerequisite of applying the cooperative destination management, which influences the competitiveness of destination on tourism market. The aim of the paper is to analyse and measure cooperation of stakeholders in the selected destinations in Slovakia and Switz

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13

KooChungOk. "Cooperative Education Under the Framework Act of Cooperatives: Current Situation and Challenges." KOREAN JOURNAL OF COOPERATIVE STUDIES 35, no. 1 (2017): 115–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.35412/kjcs.2017.35.1.006.

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14

ORBELL, JOHN, TOMONORI MORIKAWA, JASON HARTWIG, JAMES HANLEY, and NICHOLAS ALLEN. "“Machiavellian” Intelligence as a Basis for the Evolution of Cooperative Dispositions." American Political Science Review 98, no. 1 (2004): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003055404000966.

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How to promote cooperative behavior is classically solved by incentives that lead self-interested individuals in socially desirable directions, but by now well-established laboratory results show that people often do act cooperatively, even at significant cost to themselves. These results suggest that cooperative dispositions might be an evolved part of human nature. Yet such dispositions appear inconsistent with the “Machiavellian intelligence” paradigm, which develops the idea that our brains have evolved, in substantial part, for capturing adaptive advantage from within-group competition. W

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15

Pratama, Fani, and Akhmad Khisni. "Executing Public Notary Officials Role In Making Cooperative Agreement." Jurnal Akta 5, no. 3 (2018): 623. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/akta.v5i3.3181.

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True cooperative is a business entity that stands based on family rules, in Indonesia cooperative stand up and walk before the independence of Indonesia. First it was a banking company in Purwokerto, Central Java founded by Raden Aria Wiria Atmadja aided and forwarded by a Resident De Wolf Van Westerorde using cooperative system is not running because it is considered more pro natives. Trip the cooperative development of the pre and post-independence Indonesia severely affected the economy of Indonesia. Development side by side with other economic system, cooperatives perceived need of the leg

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16

Stocker, Martina, Matthias-Claudio Loretto, Elisabeth H. M. Sterck, Thomas Bugnyar, and Jorg J. M. Massen. "Cooperation with closely bonded individuals reduces cortisol levels in long-tailed macaques." Royal Society Open Science 7, no. 5 (2020): 191056. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.191056.

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Many animal species cooperate with conspecifics in various social contexts. While ultimate causes of cooperation are being studied extensively, its proximate causes, particularly endocrine mechanisms, have received comparatively little attention. Here, we present a study investigating the link between the hormone cortisol, cooperation and social bonds in long-tailed macaques ( Macaca fascicularis ). We tested 14 macaques in a dyadic cooperation task (loose-string paradigm), each with two partners of different social bond strength and measured their salivary cortisol before and after the task.

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17

류창호. "The Organization and Structure of a Cooperative in Framework Act on a Cooperative." Ajou Law Review 8, no. 4 (2015): 287–320. http://dx.doi.org/10.21589/ajlaw.2015.8.4.287.

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18

Nagaraju, N., and A. R. Viswanatha. "Multi-State Cooperative Societies Act, 2002: An Analysis." International Journal of Social and Economic Research 3, no. 1 (2013): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/j.2249-6270.3.1.002.

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19

Fernández-Rio, Javier Manuel, and Antonio Méndez-Giménez. "El Aprendizaje Cooperativo: Modelo Pedagógico para Educación Física (Cooperative learning: Pedagogical Model for Physical Education)." Retos, no. 29 (December 20, 2015): 201–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i29.38721.

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La cooperación ha formado parte del ideario de todas las leyes educativas de los últimos 25 años y la respuesta habitual de la mayoría de los docentes ha sido la inclusión de simples juegos cooperativos en jornadas u ocasiones puntuales. La tendencia actual en educación física es la denominada Práctica basada en Modelos, uno de los cuales es el Aprendizaje Cooperativo. Más aún, este ha pasado de ser un modelo de enseñanza a un Modelo Pedagógico en el que se tiene en cuenta la interdependencia del aprendizaje, la enseñanza, el contenido y el contexto. En este planteamiento, docente y discentes

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20

Gorbanyuk, V. O. "The cooperative movement in rural areas should be a priority in reforming of agriculture (opportunities, realities and economic efficiency of its approval)." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 20, no. 86 (2018): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/nvlvet8605.

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The history of rural cooperatives in Ukraine is quite deep. It includes both national characteristics and certain global trends. Today in Ukraine the cooperative movement in the agro-industrial complex is primarily connected with the implementation of a comprehensive, agrarian, incl. land reform. The legal and normative mechanisms of socio-economic relations in the village are regulated by the Tax Code of Ukraine, the Civil Code of Ukraine, the Commercial Code of Ukraine, the Land Code of Ukraine, the Law of Ukraine «On Farmers», the Law of Ukraine «On Personal Peasant Economy», the Law of Ukr

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21

Yadav, Geeta. "A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF COOPERATIVES ON ECONOMICAL DEVELOPMENT." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 6, no. 5 (2018): 238–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v6.i5.2018.1444.

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The idea of cooperation is not new to man. It is as old as man himself. Cooperatives are an almost universal form of organization today found in practically all countries and used by people in many ways. A Co-operative is a unique form of business used by people and businesses for their mutual benefit. Cooperatives are community-based, rooted in democracy, flexible, and have participatory involvement, which makes them well suited for economic development The meaning of cooperation is that isolated and powerless individuals can, by combining with one another, achieve advantages available to the

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22

Corrigan, Lawrence T., and Daphne Rixon. "A dramaturgical accounting of cooperative performance indicators." Qualitative Research in Accounting & Management 14, no. 1 (2017): 60–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qram-08-2016-0060.

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Purpose Electric cooperatives may be seen as an alternative form of organizing in the shadow of investor-owned utilities. They are presumed able to meet financial challenges while simultaneously honoring cooperative principles of member-owners. This paper aims to investigate such a balancing act and conceptualize “key performance indicators” (KPIs) as a dramatic accounting discourse. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses a dramaturgical approach to cooperative performance accounting, and claims that KPIs are a simplification of a complex and shifting reality which they also socially cons

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Wang, Manxi, Haitao Xu, and Xianwei Zhou. "Cooperative Dynamic Game-Based Optimal Power Control in Wireless Sensor Network Powered by RF Energy." Sensors 18, no. 7 (2018): 2393. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18072393.

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This paper focuses on optimal power control in wireless sensor networks powered by RF energy, under the simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIFT) protocol, where the information and power can be transmitted at the same time. We aim to maximize the utility for each sensor through the optimal power control, considering the influences of both the SINR and the harvested energy. The utility maximization problem is formulated as a cooperative dynamic game of a given time duration. All the sensors cooperate together to control their transmission power to maximize the utility and ag

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Finley, J. Heather Warner, James G. Hanifen, Pasquale F. Roscigno, et al. "A COOPERATIVE DAMAGE ASSESSMENT: LESSONS FROM THE GREENHILL SPILL1." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1995, no. 1 (1995): 355–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1995-1-355.

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ABSTRACT Following a September 1992 natural gas and oil well blowout in Timbalier Bay, Louisiana, natural resource trustees took action under the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 (OPA), Clean Water Act (CWA), and the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) to restore the natural resources injured by the spill. Trustees appointed by the State of Louisiana and the U.S. Government worked cooperatively with the well owner, Greenhill Petroleum Corporation, in a natural resource damage assessment (NRDA). The resolution of the Greenhill NRDA marks an early success for

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Jalinik, Mikołaj, and Krzysztof Łukaszuk. "The Role of Cooperative Bank in the Development of Agricultural Holdings Based on the Example of the Bielsk Podlaski County." Economic and Regional Studies / Studia Ekonomiczne i Regionalne 12, no. 2 (2019): 146–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ers-2019-0014.

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SummarySubject and purpose of work: The aim of the work is to define the importance of banks in the development of agricultural holdings and the role they play in rural environment.Materials and methods: The relevant material was analysed on the basis of domestic literature concerning a range of banking products offered to natural and legal persons and by the inductive-deductive method.Results: The source of data used for conducting the analyses and drawing conclusions is the information obtained from the Cooperative Bank in Bielsk Podlaski.Conclusions: 1. The goal of cooperative banks is to p

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Li, Leon, and Michael Tomasello. "On the Moral Functions of Language." Social Cognition 39, no. 1 (2021): 99–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/soco.2021.39.1.99.

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Previous comparisons of language and morality have taken a cognitively internalist (i.e., within-minds) perspective. We take a socially externalist (i.e., between-minds) perspective, viewing both language and morality as forms of social action. During human evolution, social cognitive adaptations for cooperation evolved, including cooperative communication (social acts to mentally coordinate with others for common goals) and social normativity (social acts to regulate cooperative social relationships). As human cooperation scaled up in complexity, cooperative communication and social normativi

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27

Kwarteng, Michael. "Pragmatic Analysis of ex-President Donald Trump’s interviews and its relation with the Grice’s (1975) Cooperative Principle." Journal of English Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics 3, no. 3 (2021): 19–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/jeltal.2021.3.3.4.

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This analytical-descriptive paper investigates the violation and the keeping of Grice's (1975) cooperative principles (CPs) in an interview between some American Journalists and former President Donald Trump. The study involved the observation and analysis of ten Donald Trump’s interviews in the context and content of racism, coronavirus, election, politics, leadership and social relation that were randomly selected via YouTube. Its aim was to assess critically the violation and the keeping of Grice's (1975) cooperative principles (CPs) and its maxims, the speech act theory, and also improve u

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Desai, Uday. "THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SURFACE MINING ACT AND COOPERATIVE FEDERALISM." Review of Policy Research 9, no. 1 (1989): 67–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-1338.1989.tb01021.x.

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Capron, Alexander Morgan. "The Patient Self-Determination Act: A Cooperative Model for Implementation." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 1, no. 2 (1992): 97–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180100000189.

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In 1990, I voiced strong doubts about a bill entitled the Patient Self-Determination Act (PSDA), which had been introduced in the U.S. Senate by John Danforth (R-MO) and Daniel Patrick Moynihan (D-NY). I hoped to see it defeated. In 1991, after the bill had become a small part of a massive status (the Omnibys Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990) adopted in the waning hours of the 101st Congress, I devoted countless hours to its implementation. I wanted to see it succeed. Why the change?

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Haddad, Robert, and Brian D. Israel. "Natural Resource Damage Assessments: Is Cooperation a Good Thing?" International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2017, no. 1 (2017): 3091–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2017.1.3091.

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Abstract It has been nearly 55 years since the United States enacted the Clean Water Act (CWA) in which natural resource damages (NRD) were codified.1 The NRD cause of action, originally derived from the public trust doctrine and common law, was later integrated into the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) in 1980 and into the Oil Pollution Act (OPA) in 1990. In response to the establishment of CERCLA and OPA, the U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI) was charged with developing and promulgating NRD regulations under CERCLA while the National Oceanic

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van Gerwen, Nikki, Vincent Buskens, and Tanja van der Lippe. "Individual training and employees’ cooperative behavior: Evidence from a contextualized laboratory experiment." Rationality and Society 30, no. 4 (2018): 432–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1043463118771428.

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Employers are constantly seeking to improve employee performance by means of investing in employee training. The results of training are to a large extent dependent on employees’ willingness to behave productively in a cooperative manner. Yet, systematic evidence investigating the causal relation between training and employees’ cooperative behavior is rare. Here, we present results from a contextualized laboratory experiment in which subjects, who differ in terms of training participation, were asked to contribute resources to a team effort. We conclude that training promotes cooperative behav

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Suharni, Siti, and Fatchur Rochman. "Pendampingan Penyusunan Laporan Keuangan Pada KPRI Karya Praja Bakorwil I Madiun." JURNAL DAYA-MAS 5, no. 1 (2020): 19–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.33319/dymas.v5i1.36.

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Entity Financial Accounting Standards Without Public Accountability (SAK ETAP) that are used for entities without public accountability. SAK ETAP is an entity that does not have significant public accountability and publishes general purpose financial statements for external users such as owners who are not directly involved in business management, creditors, and credit rating agencies. For this reason, KPRI Karya Praja needs to understand and compile financial reports according to these regulations. The purpose of this community service is to assist the KPRI Karya Praja management in preparin

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Gorham, William, and Martin Cramer. "A COOPERATIVE APPROACH TO OIL SPILL PLANNING." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1995, no. 1 (1995): 921–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1995-1-921.

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ABSTRACT California's oil spill cooperatives joined forces to prepare a regional resource manual. The manual provided cooperative members detailed information on sensitive marine resources, response strategies, spill envelopes, response resources, navigation hazards, and other topics for incorporation into individual facility or vessel response plans being prepared for compliance with the stringent requirements of California's Oil Spill Prevention and Response Act. Detailed maps of sensitive resources, response strategies, and spill envelopes were prepared using a geographic information system

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Herawati, Novy Rachma, Alvian Viko Isnandi, and Yulia Eka Sari. "PENGUKURAN KINERJA KOPERASI BERBASIS BALANCED SCORECARD." Ekonika : Jurnal ekonomi universitas kadiri 3, no. 1 (2018): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.30737/ekonika.v3i1.97.

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Cooperative is a business entity consisting of a person or a legal entity cooperative with the basis of its activities based on the principle of Cooperatives as well as the people's economic movement based on the principle of kinship (Act of the Republic of Indonesia Number 25 Year 1992). Village Unit Cooperative serves as a service center for economic activities in rural areas and is an integral part of national development that has a significant role in the community economy. The purpose of this study is to know the performance of cooperatives in financial and nonfinancial in a balanced mann

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SPOGNARDI, ANDRÉS. "Cooperatives as a Buffer Between Capitalism’s Conflicting Classes: The Pioneering Case of the Portuguese Cooperative Societies Act." Journal of Policy History 32, no. 4 (2020): 439–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0898030620000172.

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AbstractPortugal was a pioneer in state-led cooperative development. In 1867, the parliament passed legislation encouraging workers to organize their own collective businesses. In the view of the ruling elite, this would prevent the emergence of a class cleavage between labor and capital, contributing to the stability of the liberal economic and political order. Combining the historical method with John Kingdon’s multiple-streams approach to policy formulation, this article examines the complex array of domestic and external factors that shaped this policy intervention. Additionally, the study

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Lee, Hanwoo. "Methods for Reduction of Registration License Tax of a Cooperative Association Established under “Framework Act on Cooperatives”." Journal of Budget and Policy 8, no. 1 (2019): 123–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.35525/nabo.2019.8.1.005.

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Briskin, Daniel, Peter Y. Wang, and David P. Bartel. "The biochemical basis for the cooperative action of microRNAs." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 30 (2020): 17764–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1920404117.

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In cells, closely spaced microRNA (miRNA) target sites within a messenger RNA (mRNA) can act cooperatively, leading to more repression of the target mRNA than expected by independent action at each site. Using purified miRNA-Argonaute (AGO2) complexes, synthetic target RNAs, and a purified domain of TNRC6B (GW182 in flies) that is able to simultaneously bind multiple AGO proteins, we examined both the occupancies and binding affinities of miRNA-AGO2 complexes and target RNAs with either one site or two cooperatively spaced sites. On their own, miRNA-AGO2 complexes displayed little if any coope

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Gfrerer, Nastassja, and Michael Taborsky. "Working dogs transfer different tasks in reciprocal cooperation." Biology Letters 14, no. 2 (2018): 20170460. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2017.0460.

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Direct reciprocity can establish stable cooperation among unrelated individuals. It is a common assumption of direct reciprocity models that agents exchange like with like, but this is not necessarily true for natural interactions. It is yet unclear whether animals apply direct reciprocity rules when successive altruistic help involves different tasks. Here, we tested whether working dogs transfer help from one to another cooperative task in an iterated prisoner's dilemma paradigm. In our experiment, individual dogs received help to obtain food from a conspecific, which involved a specific tas

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Yang, Sheng Qing, Jian Qiao Yu, and Si Yu Zhang. "Cooperative Search of Autonomous Vehicles for Unknown Targets." Applied Mechanics and Materials 281 (January 2013): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.281.3.

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Motivated by recent research on cooperative search of autonomous vehicles, a new approach for searching unknown targets is introduced in this paper. The unknown targets are assumed to be static. ZAMBONI search in spiral curve form is considered to implement the cooperation of vehicles. Algorithms that based on geometry underlying search process are discussed to make vehicles act in the spiral curves form. The receding horizon control is introduced for obstacle avoidance which can result in a feasible trajectory during the search process. Simulations of the hybrid method based on ZAMBONI search

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Masyithoh, Novita Dewi. "ANALISIS NORMATIF UNDANG-UNDANG NO. 1 TAHUN 2013 TENTANG LEMBAGA KEUANGAN MIKRO (LKM) ATAS STATUS BADAN HUKUM DAN PENGAWASAN BAITUL MAAL WAT TAMWIL (BMT)." Economica: Jurnal Ekonomi Islam 5, no. 2 (2016): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21580/economica.2014.5.2.768.

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<p align="justify"><em>Baitul Maal Wat Tamwil (BMT) has been growing rapidly in Indonesia from year to year. However, its development has still not been followed by the legal rules. Some of them follow the legal system of Cooperatives, that are Act No. 25 of 1992 and </em><em>Decree of the Minister of Cooperatives and SMEs, </em><em>No. 91 /KEP/M.KUKM/IX/2004</em><em> </em><em>about the Implementation Guidelines for Cooperative Operations of Islamic Financial Services (KJKS). However, after</em><em> </em><em>Ac

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Fang, Feng, and Yuan-Li Cai. "Optimal cooperative guidance with guaranteed miss distance in three-body engagement." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering 232, no. 3 (2016): 492–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954410016683416.

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The three-body engagement where a target aircraft protects itself by using a cooperative defender missile to intercept an attacking missile is investigated. It is formulated as a constrained linear quadratic optimal problem. Two different optimal cooperative guidance laws for the target and defender are proposed in two cooperation schemes. Since any control effort to reduce the miss distance to smaller than missile’s lethal radius is wasted, the guidance laws are derived to achieve an upper bound on the missile–defender miss distance. In the two-way cooperation scheme, the target and the defen

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Arana Landín, Sofía. "A study of the statutory background for worker cooperatives in the US: a proposal for a regulatory framework." Boletín de la Asociación Internacional de Derecho Cooperativo, no. 54 (July 22, 2019): 19–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.18543/baidc-54-2019pp19-54.

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The lack of a clear and comprehensive regulatory framework for worker cooperatives is one of the main causes for their scarcity in the USA, as it causes ignorance and uncertainty even though cooperatives are one of several forms of doing business recognized by the Internal Revenue Code (like sole proprietorships, partnerships, limited liability companies, LLC’s, and Subchapter S corporations). Tax laws divide businesses into those categories, each with its own special tax provisions and worker cooperatives try to fit into any of those forms of business while “acting on a cooperative basis”, th

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Wittig, Roman M., Catherine Crockford, Tobias Deschner, Kevin E. Langergraber, Toni E. Ziegler, and Klaus Zuberbühler. "Food sharing is linked to urinary oxytocin levels and bonding in related and unrelated wild chimpanzees." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 281, no. 1778 (2014): 20133096. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2013.3096.

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Humans excel in cooperative exchanges between unrelated individuals. Although this trait is fundamental to the success of our species, its evolution and mechanisms are poorly understood. Other social mammals also build long-term cooperative relationships between non-kin, and recent evidence shows that oxytocin, a hormone involved in parent–offspring bonding, is likely to facilitate non-kin as well as kin bonds. In a population of wild chimpanzees, we measured urinary oxytocin levels following a rare cooperative event—food sharing. Subjects showed higher urinary oxytocin levels after single foo

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Muhtarom, Muhammad. "REFORMULASI PERATURAN HUKUM LEMBAGA KEUANGAN MIKRO SYARIAH DI INDONESIA." Profetika: Jurnal Studi Islam 17, no. 01 (2016): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/profetika.v17i01.2103.

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The presence of Act No. 1 of 2013 on Micro Finance Institutions, have given riseto legal problems for Cooperative of Syariah Micro Finance, because the cooperatives governedby two kinds of regulation, namely cooperative legislation and regulation of microfinance institutions(MFIs). Dualism of laws has given rise to overlapping regulation, supervision andoversight by the relevant agencies, as well as the contradictions settings between one to another.The legal problems required solutions through reformulation of laws of the Syariah MFI’s.Keywords: reformulation of law; cooperatives; syariah mic

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Girard-Buttoz, Cédric, Martin Surbeck, Liran Samuni, et al. "Information transfer efficiency differs in wild chimpanzees and bonobos, but not social cognition." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287, no. 1929 (2020): 20200523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.0523.

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Several theories have been generated to understand the socio-cognitive mechanisms underlying the unique cooperative abilities of humans. The ‘interdependence hypothesis' posits first, that the cognitive dimension of human cooperation evolved in contexts when several individuals needed to act together to achieve a common goal, like when hunting large prey. Second, the more interdependent individuals are, the more likely they are to provide services to conspecifics in other contexts. Alternatively, the ‘social tolerance hypothesis' proposes that higher social tolerance allows conspecifics to coo

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Copp, Susan L. "Using Cooperative Learning Strategies to Teach Implications of the Nurse Practice Act." Nurse Educator 27, no. 5 (2002): 236–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006223-200209000-00013.

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Kim Doo Nyeon. "Meaning and Implications for Recent Revision of Agricultural Cooperative Act in Japan." KOREAN JOURNAL OF COOPERATIVE STUDIES 33, no. 3 (2015): 109–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.35412/kjcs.2015.33.3.006.

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Kristiana Maryani, Fitri Wulandari S, Laily Rosidah,. "MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BEREMPATI ANAK USIA 5-6 TAHUN MELALUI COOPERATIVE LEARNING." JIV-Jurnal Ilmiah Visi 12, no. 2 (2017): 163–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/jiv.1202.9.

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Emphatic abilities are abilities to understand other people’s feelings. Emphatic is built based on their own awareness, the more open children are to their emotions, the better they are in understandingothers’ feelings. Low emphatic abilities are found in 5-6 years old children at PAUD Bina Bangsa Islamic School, they can be seen from children’s daily habit at schools which cannot show understanding oftheir friends’ feelings and how to act to others. Due to that reason, cooperative learning implementation is needed to stimulate cooperation and interaction in children so that they can escalate

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Jentoft, Svein, and Bjørn-Petter Finstad. "Building fisheries institutions through collective action in Norway." Maritime Studies 17, no. 1 (2018): 13–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40152-018-0088-6.

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AbstractInstitutions, and the collective action that created them and which they enable, can play an important role in poverty eradication. In Norway, the Raw Fish Act passed in 1938 in the aftermath of the international financial crisis that hit the fishing industry hard, and the fishers’ cooperative sales-organizations that it authorized testify to this. Most of all, they helped to empower fishers in their economic transactions throughout the value chain. Since the RFA’s enactment, it has undergone reform that has somewhat changed the mandate of the sales-organizations, but the basic princip

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Cahaya, Noor. "PENERAPAN PRINSIP KERJA SAMA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA DAN SASTRA INDONESIA DI SMA NEGERI 1 BANJARMASIN (THE APPLICATIONS OF COOPERATIVE PRINCIPLES ON THE TEACHING AND LEARNING OF INDONESIAN LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE AT SMA NEGERI 1 BANJARMASIN)." JURNAL BAHASA, SASTRA DAN PEMBELAJARANNYA 3, no. 1 (2018): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jbsp.v3i1.4489.

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AbstractThe Applications of Cooperative Principles on the Teaching and Learning of IndonesianLanguage and Literature at SMA Negeri 1 Banjarmasin. A teaching and learningprocess needs a speech act. Speech act represents a psychological individual symptom,and the continuity of a speech act is determined by the speaker’s language ability infacing a language situation. Therefore, both the teacher and students need to payattention on the aspects of cooperative in holding a speech act. The aspects ofcooperative tend to give details about the attainment of effectiveness in a communicationprocess. Thi

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