Relevant bibliographies by topics / Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM)

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM)'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 9 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM)"

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Li, Da Peng. "Application of Coordinate Measuring Machine in Reverse Engineering." Advanced Materials Research 301-303 (July 2011): 269–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.301-303.269.

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In this paper, application of coordinate measuring machine(CMM) in reverse engineering(RE) of product was introduced. Reverse engineering had become a viable method to create a digital model of an existing physical part and to duplicate it. The reverse engineering process involves measuring an object，reconstructing its point cloud as a digital model and rapidly machining it. Application of obtaining point cloud using CMM was presented in reconstructing the digital model of a shoes tree. Rapid duplicate of a severely worn cam of textile machinery was realized by contact measuring profile points using CMM. Reconstructing the digital model and locally modifying the computer model in computer aided design (CAD) software. Finally, numerical control program was finished in computer aided manufacturing (CAM) software. Automatic measurement close freeform curve function of CMM decreased the workload of picking up data of cam profile. Experimental results showed using CMM can greatly save time and alleviate intension of labour.
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Hamana, Hiroyuki, Mitsushi Tominaga, Miyu Ozaki, and Ryoshu Furutani. "Calibration of Articulated Arm Coordinate Measuring Machine Considering Measuring Posture." International Journal of Automation Technology 5, no. 2 (March 5, 2011): 109–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2011.p0109.

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Three-dimensional Coordinate Measuring Machines (CMMs) are widely used to measure wide-ranging accuracy. Parameters describing CMM use mechanisms must be calibrated by measuring artifacts for the target CMM. Most CMM calibration studies have covered orthogonal rather than non-orthogonal CMMs. We focused on calibration for a nonorthogonal articulated-Arm CMM (ACMM), which has more measurement freedom than an orthogonal CMM, although ACMM measurement error exceeds that of orthogonal CMMs. The kinematic parameters of ACMM are calibrated using spherical center coordinates as the artifact. Part of the measuring volume is calibrated, but the ACMM is not sufficiently calibrated. To calibrate arm deformation in different measurement posture as well as kinematic parameters, we produced a new artifact for which we propose calibration confirmed in experiments.
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Phimpisan, Phaireepinas, and Chatchapol Chungchoo. "A Best Practice Guideline for Inspecting Precision Machined Parts by Using Several Coordinate Measuring Machines (CMMs)." Applied Mechanics and Materials 894 (September 2019): 90–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.894.90.

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Currently in Thailand, original equipment manufacturers (OEM) who produce precision-machined parts face a serious problem about product rejection from customers. This is because measuring results from the OEM supplier differ from the measuring results from the OEM buyer. Normally, for precision-machined parts, OEM suppliers and OEM buyers use CMM machines as an inspection tool. One major cause of the difference in measurements is that suppliers and buyers use different CMM machine, operators and measuring methods. In order to mitigate the difference in measurements, the standard guideline for measuring precision-machined parts by CMM machines needs to be improved. In this research, the guideline was developed by studying the best practices of five successful companies, who could minimize rejection due to the differences in the CMM machine operators and measuring methods. Validation results indicated that when manufacturers who had precision problems used this guideline, the product rejection could decreased significantly.
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Hsieh, Jung-Fa. "DIMENSIONAL INSPECTION OF TRANSLATING CAMS BY CNC COORDINATE MEASURING MACHINE." Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering 36, no. 3 (September 2012): 259–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/tcsme-2012-0019.

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In this paper, a simple and analytical method is proposed for accomplishing the inspection procedure. In the proposed approach, a kinematic model of the cam profile is derived using homogenous coordinate transformation theory. The normal vectors and principal curvature of the designed translating cam are then derived from the analytical expression for the cam profile. Based on the coordinates and normal vector of each specified point on the cam profile, the NC data required to move the CMM inspection probe to the surface of the cam are then obtained. A least-square fitting method is proposed to minimize the inspection error caused by a misalignment of the actual evaluation frame relative to the ideal frame.
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Yan, Yong Gang, Yan Qin Li, and Zhan Kui Wang. "Optimization Design of Coordinate Measuring Machine Based on ANSYS Software." Applied Mechanics and Materials 42 (November 2010): 453–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.42.453.

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Coordinate measuring machine (CMM) is a large-scale geometrical detecting instrument. It is of high accuracy, high efficiency simple operation and automation. So, it can ensure the product quality for modern mechanical manufacture industry, and is widely used in the industry such as aircraft, automobile, military and national defense. However, it does not meet gradually the requirement of modern industry because of its measuring accuracy. How to monitor geometrical error rapidly and high accurately is a key research project. To solve the problem, some studies have been carried out. In this paper, a coordinate measuring machine was firstly designed by modern design method. Three dimensional model is built using PRO/E software. And some key components were optimized by using finite element analysis method. The simulating results show that the size and structure of the designed coordinate measuring machines are optimized and improved relate to previous CMM. This study will play an important instructing role for us in studying a novel CMM.
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Huang, Feng Shan, and Li Chen. "CCD Camera Calibration Technology Based on the Translation of Coordinate Measuring Machine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 568-570 (June 2014): 320–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.568-570.320.

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A new CCD camera calibration method based on the translation of Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM) is proposed. The CMM brings the CCD camera to produce the relative translation with respect to the center of the white ceramic standard sphere along the X, Y, Z axis, and the coordinates of the different positions of the calibration characteristic point in the probe coordinate system can be generated. Meanwhile, the camera captures the image of the white ceramic standard sphere at every position, and the coordinates of the calibration characteristic point in the computer frame coordinate system can be registered. The calibration mathematic model was established, and the calibration steps were given and the calibration system was set up. The comparing calibration result shows that precision of this method is equivalent to that of the special calibration method, and the difference between the calibrating data of these two methods is within ±1μm.
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Nouri, Mahtab, Arash Farzan, Ali Reza Akbarzadeh Baghban, and Reza Massudi. "Comparison of clinical bracket point registration with 3D laser scanner and coordinate measuring machine." Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics 20, no. 1 (February 2015): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2176-9451.20.1.059-065.oar.

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OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to assess the diagnostic value of a laser scanner developed to determine the coordinates of clinical bracket points and to compare with the results of a coordinate measuring machine (CMM). METHODS: This diagnostic experimental study was conducted on maxillary and mandibular orthodontic study casts of 18 adults with normal Class I occlusion. First, the coordinates of the bracket points were measured on all casts by a CMM. Then, the three-dimensional coordinates (X, Y, Z) of the bracket points were measured on the same casts by a 3D laser scanner designed at Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran. The validity and reliability of each system were assessed by means of intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Dahlberg's formula. RESULTS: The difference between the mean dimension and the actual value for the CMM was 0.0066 mm. (95% CI: 69.98340, 69.99140). The mean difference for the laser scanner was 0.107 ± 0.133 mm (95% CI: -0.002, 0.24). In each method, differences were not significant. The ICC comparing the two methods was 0.998 for the X coordinate, and 0.996 for the Y coordinate; the mean difference for coordinates recorded in the entire arch and for each tooth was 0.616 mm. CONCLUSION: The accuracy of clinical bracket point coordinates measured by the laser scanner was equal to that of CMM. The mean difference in measurements was within the range of operator errors.
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Watanabe, M., and Ryoshu Furutani. "Development of a Sensitive Probe for Coordinate Measuring Machines." Key Engineering Materials 295-296 (October 2005): 325–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.295-296.325.

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Requirement for precision measurement becomes extremely advanced as industrial needs advances. CMM (Coordinate Measuring Machine) is one of the most adequate measuring machines to meet the requirement. As the precision of CMM becomes higher, it is important to improve the sensitivity of probe. We developed a contact type probe which consisted of a QPD (quadratic photo diode), a ball lens, and a laser diode to detect the displacement of stylus. The probe system has a resolution of 31nm.
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Krismantara, Paulus Agung. "Routine Monitoring DCC CMM using Laser Interferometer." ACMIT Proceedings 5, no. 1 (March 19, 2019): 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.33555/acmit.v5i1.69.

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Manufacturing deals with the high quality product due to the accuracy which produced by measuring machines. In other case, the performance of regular diagnostic of measuring machine should be maintained to aim confidence and reliability in the measurements result. One of the equipment that can reach high accuracy is Direct Computer Control Coordinate Measuring Machine (DCC CMM). The accuracy of DCC CMM is a critical factor that affects result of product measuring. Operator need the higher accuracy machine to maintain the DCC CMM Performance and the consequent of the machine should has better accuracy than the DCC CMM accuracy it self. One of that tool is laser interferometer which has better accuracy than DCC CMM specification and produce the data and can be analyzed for DCC CMM performance. The consistent performance of the DCC CMM is constrained by the errors that brought by the machine error that occurs on a periodic basis on the account of machine usage, machine age and operating temperature. DCC CMM accuracy was compensated and improved by identifying the machine condition. This condition also applicable for predict the machine errors.
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Wang, X. J., and C. Butler. "The Use of a Machine Vision System in a Flexible Manufacturing Cell Incorporating an Automated Coordinate Measuring Machine." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 207, no. 3 (August 1993): 199–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1993_207_081_02.

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The aim of this paper is to present a practical approach to the solution of problems associated with using an automated coordinate measuring machine (CMM) in a flexible manufacturing system (FMS) environment. The approach described uses machine vision and image processing techniques to permit transformations of the coordinate systems. In order to achieve flexible inspection, the system can recognize different workpieces by a quick matching method. The actual measuring path for the workpiece is derived from the original measuring path templates to allow for a workpiece to be measured in an arbitrary orientation on the table of the CMM. The original measuring path can be generated off-line by self-teach programming or from a computer aided design (CAD) system. The generation of the actual measuring path of the CMM is not limited by the complexity of the original off-line measuring path.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM)"

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Sozak, Ahmet. "Uncertainty Analysis Of Coordinate Measuring Machine (cmm) Measurements." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12608887/index.pdf.

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In this thesis, the measurement uncertainty of Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM) is analysed and software is designed to simulate this. Analysis begins with the inspection of the measurement process and structure of the CMMs. After that, error sources are defined with respect to their effects on the measurement and then an error model is constructed to compensate these effects. In other words, systematic part of geometric, kinematic and thermal errors are compensated with error modelling. Kinematic and geometric error model is specific for the structure of CMM under inspection. Also, a common orthogonal kinematic model is formed and with using the laser error data of the CMM and error maps of the machine volume is obtained. Afterwards, the models are compared with each other by taking the difference and ratio. The definition and compensation of the systematic errors leave the uncertainty of measurements for analysing. Measurement uncertainty consists of the uncompensated systematic errors and random errors. The other aim of the thesis is to quantify these uncertainties with using the different methods and to inspect the success of these methods. Uncertainty budgeting, comparison, statistical evaluation by designing an experiments and simulation methods are examined and applied to the CMM under inspection. In addition, Virtual CMM software is designed to simulate the task specific measurement uncertainty of circle, sphere and plane without using the repeated measurements. Finally, the performance of the software, highly depending on the mathematical modelling of machine volume, is tested by using actual measurements.
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Bittle, Steven Douglas. "An active piezoelectric probe for precision measurement on a coordinate measuring machine (CMM)." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/18186.

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Pettersson, Ulf. "Identification and Adaptive Control of a Coordinate Measuring Machine." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2293.

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Important factors in manufacturing are quality and cost. Measuring machines play an important role for these fields. In order to meet higher demands on cost and accuracy, measuring machines can be constructed with weaker materials and increased mechanical flexibilities, and therefore there is a need to include the flexibilities in measuring machine models to obtain good performance.

The core theme in this thesis is modeling and idenfication of the physical parameters of drive mechanisms of a Brown&Sharpe Inc. Global A coordinate measuring machine. The approximation made is that the drive mechanisms can be described by a mass connected by springs, dampers and gear changes. It has been found that a one-spring model gives a reasonably good description of the studied CMM drive mechanism. The physical parameters of this model are identified using off-line algorithms. The algorithms are based on prediction error methods. For the off-line identification the MATLAB System Identification Toolbox and the bond graph representation is used.

The chosen model is then used for control. Traditional control and a Model-reference Adaptive System is derived and studied with the aim to increase the damping of CMM drive mechanisms. It is found that the adaptive system has very good disturbance rejection and can correct for drastic model errors. Another impact is that the damping of the studied drive mechanism can be increased with at least a factor of nine.

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Karuc, Emre. "Design Of A Touch Trigger Probe For A Coordinate Measuring Machine." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12609112/index.pdf.

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Coordinate Measuring Machines (CMMs) have been widely used in industry in order to determine the form / dimensional tolerances of workpieces with very complicated geometrical shapes. Therefore, CMM is an important tool during the manufacturing and quality control phases. Workpiece to be measured on a CMM is probed via touch trigger probe through its stylus tip. In other words, by virtue of the touch trigger probes CMM can acquire the dimensional data of the workpiece that is to be measured. Therefore the probe has become the most vital and fundamental part of the CMM. In this thesis, a novel type of touch trigger probe / scanning probe is proposed. The proposed probe can also be used as a scanning probe for different applications. The main purpose of this thesis is to develop a novel type of touch trigger / scanning probe that has different kinematic stage and sensing stage than the other probes currently used in the industry. Giant Magnetoresistive (GMR) sensors are used for building the sensing stage of the proposed probe. GMR sensors are selected due to their outstanding sensitivity to small disturbances. Furthermore, in order to test the proposed probe
an anvil gauge setup is designed and proposed in this study. Finally, proposed probe is tested on a three-axis computer controlled electrical discharge machine (EDM), and the results acquired from those experiments are discussed.
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Avvari, Ddanukash. "A Literature Review on Differences Between Robotic and Human In-Line Quality Inspection in Automotive Manufacturing Assembly Line." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-56038.

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The advent of the industrial revolution has brought a great number of changes in the functioning of various processes in manufacturing industries. The ways and means of working have evolved exponentially with the implementation of advanced technology. Moreover, with the increasing technology, the customer demands have also been varying dynamically due to changes in customer requirements focusing on individual customization. To cope with the dynamic demand, manufacturing industries had to make sure their products are manufactured with higher quality and shorter lead times. Implementation and efficient usage of technology has provided industries with the necessary tools to achieve market demand and stay competitive by growing continuously. The transformation aims to reach the level of zero-defect manufacturing and ensure higher first-time right yield capability with minimum utilization of available resources. However, technological advancements have not developed the quality inspection process of the manufacturing industry at the same level as other processes. Due to this, the quality inspection processes are still human dependent which requires a highly skilled human operator to perform inspection procedures using sensory abilities to detect deviations. Research suggests that human quality inspection is prone to errors due to fatigue as the process is continuous, strenuous, and tedious work. The efficiency of human inspection is around 80% which becomes a chronic problem in safety-critical and high-value manufacturing environments. Moreover, with the increasing level of customization and technology, the products are becoming more complex with intricate shapes and only human inspection is not enough to meet the customer requirements. Especially in the case of automotive industry in Body in White applications, human inspection of outer body panels, engine parts with tighter tolerances alone does not make the cut. Advancements in the field of metrology have led to the introduction of Coordinate measuring machines (CMM), which are classified as contact and non-contact measuring machines. The measurements are performed offline away from the production line, using the sampling method. The contact measuring machines are equipped with touch trigger probe devices that travel all over the part to make a virtual image of the product which is time-consuming but accurate. Whereas the noncontact measuring machines are equipped with laser scanners or optical devices which scan the part and develop a virtual model which is fast but has accuracy and repeatability issues due to external factors. But coordinate measuring machines have proven to be bottlenecks as they were not able to synchronize with the production pace and could not perform aninspection on all the produced parts, which would help in collecting data. The gathered data can be used to analyse root causes and generate trends in defect detection. With the advancements in non-contact measuring systems, automotive industries have also realized the potential of implementing inline measurement techniques to perform quality inspection. The non-contact measuring system consists of a robotic arm or setup which is equipped with a camera, sensors, and a complex algorithm to identify defects. This provides the robotic arm with machine vision which is works by taking a series of images of the product from various and process these images to detect deviations using digital image processing techniques. The inline measurement has proven to be accurate, fast, and repeatable to be implemented in synchronization with the production line. Further, the automotive industries are moving towards hybrid inspection systems which capitalize on the measuring speed of the robot and the fast decision-making ability of human senses.
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Baird, Patrick James Samuel. "Mathematical modelling of the parameters and errors of a contact probe system and its application to the computer simulation of coordinate measuring machines." Thesis, Brunel University, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.320548.

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Rugbani, Ali Milud. "The design, kinematics and error modelling of a novel micro-CMM parallel manipulator." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86518.

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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The research presented in this dissertation establishes a micro-CMM parallel manipulator as a viable positioning device for three degree of freedom micro measurement applications. The machine offers the advantages associated with parallel kinematic manipulators, such as light carrying weight, high stiffness and no accumulation of errors, while avoiding some of the traditional disadvantages of parallel manipulators such as the associated effects of angular errors (Abbé error), singularity problems, work space limitation and the extensive use of spherical joints. In this dissertation, the direct position kinematic solution is developed analytically and the solution of the inverse position kinematic is solved numerically. A workspace analysis has been performed. A fully functional prototype demonstrator is fabricated to demonstrate this machine. While the demonstrator was not intended to achieve submicron accuracy, it was intended to validate the error models. Computer controlled measurement is developed and used to position the probe and to record measurements. A reliable kinematic error model based on the theory of error propagation is derived analytically. A numerical method is used to verify the analytical results. Comparison shows that the results of the error model, both analytical and numerical, represent a very good match and follow the same trend. The kinematic position model is validated using a conventional CMM. Results show that an average difference of less than 0.5 mm over a set of 30 points is achieved. This result of the micro-CMM demonstrator measurements falls within the error budget of approximately 0.75 mm estimated by the proposed analytical error model.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die navorsing in hierdie tesis vestig ‘n mikro-CMM parallelle manipuleerder as ‘n lewensvatbare posisioneringstoestel vir drie vryheidsgraad-mikrometing toepassings. Die masjien bied voordele geassosieer met parallelle kinematiese manipuleerders, bv. ligte dra-gewig, hoë styfheid en geen ophoping van foute nie. Die tradisionele nadele van parallelle manipuleerders soos die geassosieerde gevolge van hoekfoute (Abbé fout), enkelvoudigheidsprobleme, werkspasiebeperking en die uitgebreide gebruik van sferiese koppelings word vermy. In hierdie tesis word die direkte posisie kinematiese oplossing analities ontwikkel en die oplossing van die omgekeerde posisie kinematies word numeries opgelos. ‘n Werkspasie analise is uitgevoer. ‘n Ten volle funksionele prototipe demonstrasie-model is vervaardig om hierdie masjien te demonstreer. Die model is nie vervaardig om submikron akkuraatheid te bereik nie, maar eerder om foutmodelle geldig te verklaar. Rekenaar-beheerde metings is ontwerp en gebruik om die toetspen te posisioneer en om metings te neem. ‘n Betroubare kinematiese foutmodel gebaseer op die teorie van foutvoortplanting is analities afgelei. ‘n Numeriese metode word gebruik om die analitiese resultate te bevestig. Vergelyking toon aan dat die resultate van die foutmodel, beide analities en numeries, goeie pasmaats is en dieselfde tendens volg. Die kinematiese posisie model word geldig verklaar deur gebruik te maak van ‘n konvensionele CMM. Resultate wys dat daar ‘n gemiddelde verskil van minder as 0.5 mm oor ‘n stel van 30 punte behaal word. Die resultate van die mikro-CMM model se metings val binne die foutbegroting van ongeveer 0.75 mm geskat by die voorgestelde analitiese foutmodel.
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Davis, Tyler Addison. "Flexible machine tool control for direct, in-process dimensional part inspection." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2004. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/139.

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For some time now coordinate measuring machines have been an integral part of the shop floor. The goal has been to make coordinate measuring machines (CMMs) into tools that can easily be used by machinists to improve their manufacturing capabilities. The value of a CMM as a quality control tool is undisputed. Now efforts are being made to further reduce the time and cost of measurement by reducing the physical distance between machining and measuring processes. The ability to reduce that distance to zero and measure a part directly on the chip-making machine has been a goal for many years. Dimensional inspection of parts is primarily conducted by coordinate measuring machines operating on motion instructions from task planning software. The research in direct machining and control (DMAC) at BYU has identified a potential application of CMM technologies on existing machine tools. To prove that a machine tool can be controlled as a CMM with the DMAC controller, this research will integrate the software package PC-DMIS provided by Wilcox Associates, Inc. with a DMAC controller provided by Direct Controls, Inc. to conduct in-process dimensional inspection of parts as they are being machined. This process is referred to as DirectCMM because it will link the DMAC controller directly to PC-DMIS without need for post-processing. This thesis will lay the groundwork for future efforts at developing systems that utilize in-process part inspection to dynamically correct computer aided manufacturing (CAM) process plans. To aid future efforts at dynamic CAM process updating, a software interface specification will be created for passing measurement data between CMM and CAD/CAM software packages. A CMM control specification will also be created to provide a standard method for controlling coordinate measuring machines with the DMAC controller. Possible methods for dynamic CAD/CAM updating will be explored.
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Hájková, Alena. "Návrh interní metodiky pro měření výrobků a dílů na přístroji CMM UPMC Zeiss na pracovišti ČMI Brno." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-417433.

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This diploma thesis deals with the proposal of internal methodology for measurement of products and parts on CMM UPMC Zeiss at CMI Brno. The first part of this work analyzes the current state of knowledge in the field of accurate measurement on coordinate measuring machines (CMM), which includes the definition of basic metrological concepts, methodology for determining and expressing uncertainties of measurement and a general description of CMM. The diploma thesis also contains a detailed description of the UPMC 850 CARAT S-ACC device from the company Zeiss and summarizes the requirements for the testing laboratory in accordance with the standard ČSN EN 17 025: 2018. The next part of the work is focused on defining and determining the measurement uncertainties for this CMM and on developing a testing procedure for measurements on this machine. The final part of this thesis summarizes the achieved results and recommendations for practice.
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Marques, Alessandro. "Uma interface eletrônica e computacional para medições a três coordenadas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2003. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18135/tde-18122015-143939/.

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As Máquinas de Medir a Três Coordenadas (MM3Cs) desde sua criação evoluíram sensivelmente, entretanto poucas foram as modificações estruturais observadas. Hoje, para fabricantes de máquinas destacarem-se no mercado, são necessários grandes investimentos na busca de novos materiais estruturais e no desenvolvimento de programas computacionais cada vez mais versáteis. O sistema eletrônico e os programas computacionais utilizados durante as medições são inacessíveis e rígidos. Estes aplicativos normalmente não podem ser analisados nem modificados pelo usuário. São exemplos clássicos desta rigidez as características préestabelecidas pelo programa, ou métodos de ajustes utilizados na definição das grandezas. Este trabalho tem por objetivo exibir a interface eletrônica e computacional que quebra essa rigidez e permite a aquisição dos sinais das escalas da MM3C, possibilitando o desenvolvimento de novos aplicativos computacionais. O sistema foi aplicado em uma MM3C do tipo Ponte Móvel. Foi desenvolvido um programa computacional, MaqMed 2000, que utiliza os valores dos pontos coordenadas capturados no volume de trabalho da MM3C, e faz a compensação das coordenadas dos pontos utilizados, através das equações do Modelo Reduzido de Sintetização de Erros (MRSE). A avaliação da compatibilidade do dispositivo construído foi feita através do MaqMed 2000 em situações práticas. Foram tomados pontos no perfil de artefatos-padrão e os pontos ajustados através de duas rotinas, uma com e outra sem compensação dos erros. Os artefatos foram medidos em várias posições no volume da MM3C e averiguada a proximidade entre os resultados compensados e os não compensados, ao valor calibrado do artefato. O sistema desenvolvido permitiu compensar os erros em até 98% para compensação bidimensional e 87% para tridimensional.
Since the advent Coordinate Measuring Machines (CMMs) have improved substantially. However, only a small number of structural modifications were observed. Nowadays, considerable capital expenditure is needed to keep CMM builders competitive. Most important research fields concern structural material and production of more flexible and versatile software. The electronic system and the software used during measurement with CMM are rigid and inaccessible and no user modification is permitted. Typical examples are the predetermined software features and curve fitting methods used on the magnitudes definition process. This research aims to exhibit an interface that copes with the system stiffness and enables signal acquisition from the scales of the CMM, allowing the development of new types softwares. The proposed system was implemented on a moving bridge type CMM. A program that uses the values of the coordinate points obtained from the CMM work volume was created. The software MaqMed 2000 performs the compensation of the coordinates of the used points by means of synthesized errors equations. Evaluation of the performance of the built device was carried out using MaqMed 2000 in practical situations. Data sets were collected along the profile of artefacts and fitted by means of two routines, one with error compensation and the other not compensated. Artefacts were measured in several locations in the whole volume of the CMM. The proximity between the compensated and noncompensated results with respect to the calibrated artefact value was examined. The developed system allowed for error compensation of 98% for bi-dimensional compensation and 87% for tri-dimensional compensation.
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Books on the topic "Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM)"

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Chikurov, Nikolay. Mathematical problems of coordinate measuring machines. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1163946.

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The monograph discusses solutions to mathematical problems related to the measurement of various machine-building parts on coordinate measuring machines (CMM). In addition, a number of mathematical problems that arise when measuring parts on the CMM are solved. The method of carrying out the corresponding measurements and mathematical calculations is given. It is intended for specialists who develop and maintain CMM control systems, for CMM operators, as well as for students of technical universities of relevant specialties.
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Porta, C. Testing of three coordinate measuring machine evaluation algorithms. Luxembourg: Commissionof the European Communities, 1986.

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Harvie, A. The intercomparison of three-dimensional measurements taken from coordinate measuring machines (CMMs). Luxembourg: Commission of the European Communities, 1985.

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Pahk, H. Computer aided volumetric error calibration of coordinate measuring machine. Manchester: UMIST, 1990.

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Solomakho, V. L. Metrologicheskoe obespechenie koordinatnykh izmereniĭ v mashinostroenii. Minsk: OOO "Reklama Faksbelar", 1999.

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Wagner, Eberhard. Steuerung von Koordinatenmessgeräten mit schlatenden und messenden Tastsystemen. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1987.

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W, Caskey G., and National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.), eds. A users' guide to NIST SRM 2084: CMM probe performance standard. Gaithersburg, MD: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Technology Administration, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1994.

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Albert, Horst John, and National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.), eds. A comparison of the CMM-driver specification release #1.9 with the I++ DME-interface release 0.9. Gaithersburg, MD: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Technology Administration, Intelligent Systems Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2002.

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A comparison of the CMM-driver specification release #1.9 with the I++ DME-interface release 0.9. Gaithersburg, MD: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Technology Administration, Intelligent Systems Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2002.

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Albert, Horst John, and National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.), eds. A comparison of the CMM-driver specification release #1.9 with the I++ DME-interface release 0.9. Gaithersburg, MD: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Technology Administration, Intelligent Systems Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM)"

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Gąska, Adam, Wiktor Harmatys, Piotr Gąska, Maciej Gruza, and Jerzy Sładek. "Validation of Virtual CMM-Based Method for Uncertainty Estimation of Measurements Performed on Five-Axis Coordinate Measuring Machines." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 39–46. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-18177-2_4.

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Savio, Enrico. "Coordinate Measuring Machine." In CIRP Encyclopedia of Production Engineering, 1–6. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35950-7_6579-4.

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Luebke, Karsten. "Coordinate Measuring Machine." In CIRP Encyclopedia of Production Engineering, 285–89. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-20617-7_6579.

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Savio, Enrico. "Coordinate Measuring Machine." In CIRP Encyclopedia of Production Engineering, 364–69. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-53120-4_6579.

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Moroni, Giovanni, and Stefano Petrò. "Coordinate Measuring Machine Measurement Planning." In Geometric Tolerances, 111–58. London: Springer London, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84996-311-4_4.

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Westerhout, Gart, and Dave Monet. "The Flagstaff Measuring Machine." In Inertial Coordinate System on the Sky, 491–92. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0613-6_133.

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Zaimovic-Uzunovic, Nermina, and Samir Lemes. "Cylindricity Measurement on a Coordinate Measuring Machine." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 825–35. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68619-6_80.

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Zaimovic-Uzunovic, Nermina, Samir Lemes, Dzenana Tomasevic, and Josip Kacmarcik. "Flatness Measurement on a Coordinate Measuring Machine." In New Technologies, Development and Application II, 165–72. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-18072-0_19.

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Zakharchenko, Mikhail, Petr Salov, Liudmila Seliverstova, Andrew Kochetkov, and Oleg Zakharov. "Performance Analysis of 6-Axis Coordinate Measuring Machine." In Recent Research in Control Engineering and Decision Making, 298–307. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65283-8_24.

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Furutani, Ryoshu. "Adaptive Calibration for Articulated Arm Coordinate Measuring Machine." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 155–61. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-18177-2_15.

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Conference papers on the topic "Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM)"

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Albuquerque, V. A., F. W. Liou, S. Agarwal, and O. R. Mitchell. "Automatic Coordinate Measuring Machine Inspection." In ASME 1999 Design Engineering Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc99/dac-8700.

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Abstract In many industrial applications, such as product prototype development, automation of inspection process can greatly improve product quality and product development cycle, time. This paper discusses a development of a vision aided automatic inspection using Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM). We seek to integrate the flexibility afforded by computer vision systems with the precision of numerically controlled coordinate measuring machines to achieve a fully automatic and reliable inspection of the industrial parts. The 3-D design information and part specification from computer-aided design file is used for inspection point placement and CMM path planning. The proposed system demonstrates that optimal collision-free inspection paths can be efficiently generated for geometrically complex parts consisting of multiply intersecting features. This is made possible by using iterative subdivision of surfaces for point placement coupled with, efficient 3-D collision avoidance and path planning. The paper discusses different algorithms used, and presents experimental results.
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Yau, Hong-Tzong, and Chia-Hsiang Menq. "Computer-Aided Coordinate Metrology." In ASME 1993 International Computers in Engineering Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/cie1993-0028.

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Abstract Three-dimensional coordinate metrology has gained much attention in recent years. On one hand, the accuracy and repeatability of a coordinate measuring machine (CMM) are approaching the sub-micron level. On the other hand, there is hardly any part that exists of which the dimensions cannot be measured with a CMM. This paper presents the recent development and applications in three-dimensional coordinate metrology. The emphasis has been placed in the utilization of computers and integration with CAD/CAM systems. Three important technologies, namely, CAD-directed inspection, three-dimensional optimal match, and reverse engineering are presented and discussed. With computers and CAD/CAM support, three-dimensional coordinate metrology has become an active part of the computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM). Its versatility and high degree of automation have made the CMM a universal inspection machine for quality control of manufactured parts in computer integrated manufacturing.
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Subramanian, Rajesh, H. James de St. Germain, and Samuel Drake. "Integrating a Vision System With a Coordinate Measuring Machine to Automate the Datum Alignment Process." In ASME 2005 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2005-85455.

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Inspection is an important stage in the manufacturing process of machined parts. Coordinate measuring machines (CMM) have become more automatic, programmable, and capable of fulfilling the growing demands of inspection. However, fixturing (datum alignment) of parts is still done manually, consuming valuable inspection time. In this paper, we describe an automated datum alignment technique which integrates a vision system with the CMM to avoid part fixturing. The rough position of the part is estimated through image analysis. This initial reference frame drives the CMM through an automatic datum alignment procedure, thereby automatically establishing the reference frame without the use of fixtures. This technique has been demonstrated for two and a half dimensional (2.5D) machined parts with well-defined features that exhibit a stable position on a flat table.
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ElMaraghy, W. H., Z. Wu, and H. A. ElMaraghy. "Evaluation of Actual Geometric Tolerances Using Coordinate Measuring Machine Data." In ASME 1989 Design Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1989-0037.

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Abstract This paper focuses on the development of a procedure and algorithms for the systematic comparison of geometric variations of measured features with their specified geometric tolerances. To automate the inspection of mechanical parts, it is necessary to analyze the measurement data captured by coordinate measuring machines (CMM) in order to detect out-of-tolerance conditions. A procedure for determining the geometric tolerances from the measured three dimensional coordinates on the surface of a cylindrical feature is presented. This procedure follows the definitions of the geometric tolerances used in the current Standards, and is capable of determining the value of each geometric tolerance from the composite 3-D data. The developed algorithms adopt the minimum tolerance zone criterion. Nonlinear numerical optimization techniques are used to fit the data to the minimum tolerance zone. Two test cases are given in the paper which demonstrate the successful determination of geometric tolerances from given simulated data.
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Yang, Chuan, Qiang Zhao, Yu-Long Zhao, and Wei-Xuan Jing. "The Study on Position Accuracy of Micro-Coordinate Measuring Machine." In 2008 Second International Conference on Integration and Commercialization of Micro and Nanosystems. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/micronano2008-70242.

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In order to measure the microcosmic profiles of ultra-smooth surfaces, a high-accuracy noncontact micro-Coordinate Measuring Machine (micro-Coordinate Measuring Machine, micro-CMM) is developed in this paper. The working table of this measurement device is located by a macro-micro dual-drive system. A closed-loop control system, which is composed by a laser interferometer and stepper motors, is adopted to improve the positioning accuracy of the macro-positioning stage. The experimental results show that the positioning accuracy of this system is obviously improved and satisfies the positioning requirement of the macro-positioning stage. Because the positioning accuracy of the flexure-based micro-positioning stage can not satisfy the design requirement under the control of the traditional PID control, A PID control system based on Adaptive Neural-Fuzzy Inference is proposed to improve the control accuracy of the micro-positioning stage. The experimental results show that this system can improve the positioning accuracy of the micro-positioning stage, and basically meets the requirement of the design.
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DHOUIBI, MOHAMED, BOGDAN STIRBU, ANDRÉ CHABOTIER, and MARC PIRLOT. "Gun Barrel Erosion Analysis Using a Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM): Experimental and Statistic Study." In 31st International Symposium on Ballistics. Lancaster, PA: DEStech Publications, Inc., 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/ballistics2019/33042.

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Zhu, Yong, Ruwei Cui, and Yingang Yang. "Research on Information Security for the Solution for Controller of Coordinate Measuring Machine(CMM)." In 2016 4th International Conference on Machinery, Materials and Information Technology Applications. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icmmita-16.2016.251.

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Aggogeri, Francesco, Emanuele Barini, and Raffaello Levi. "CMM Measurement Variability Analysis: A Comparison Between Two Metrological Laboratories Measuring Three Industrial Workpieces." In ASME 2008 9th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2008-59307.

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Quality may be defined as a set of requirements a system should satisfy in order to meet customer’s needs. Control of these requirements assures satisfaction of relevant standards, and consequently the performance levels of a manufacturing/transactional stream. In this context it is fundamental to define control procedures and reliable measurement systems adequate for adopting improvement action as soon as anomalies and dysfunctions are detected. This paper deals with a study of measurement variability occurring during practical exploitation of CMMs (Coordinate Measuring Machines). These measurement systems are designed to probe selected points of workpiece surface, and compare the relevant coordinates or derived quantities with specified values; capability and versatility of CMMs justify their widespread use in industry. Evaluation of CMM measurement variability is however often awkward owing to a number of factors, such as e.g. measurement task, environment, operator and measurement procedures. A round robin exercise involving two industrial laboratories was planned in order to address these issues. Three typical machine tool parts were circulated among participants, who were asked to measure linear dimensions as well as tolerances at specified locations, according to an agreed upon schedule. Results of measurements, performed by experienced CMM industrial users, were analyzed in order to bring out discrepancies, and suggest remedial actions in the light of information gathered. Several factors involving metrological as well as other aspects were observed to cause major discrepancies, yielding in turn information on where to look for potential sources of trouble. Conclusions were drawn in terms of operating procedure, leading to improved information on origin and components of variability.
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Cong, Wang, Xu Lingdi, and Li Ang. "Research on the method of improving the accuracy of CMM (coordinate measuring machine) testing aspheric surface." In Space Optics and Earth Imaging and Space Navigation, edited by Carl Nardell, Suijian Xue, and Huaidong Yang. SPIE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2284678.

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Bohan, Zhao, Gao Feng, Li Yan, Zhang Dongya, Zhang Wanli, and Zhou Fei. "Study on Generation and Optimization Methodology of On-Machine Measurement Schemes for Multi-Axis CNC Machine Tool." In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-71263.

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Quality Control (QC) is one of the most important phases in the production process. In tradition, the workpiece must be inspected for dimension and shape errors in the QC lab or Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM) after being machined, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, especially for large scale parts. Thus the only practical way to do that is to migrate the critical primary inspection operations upstream from the QC lab or CMM to the production floor, and that’s what On-Machine Measurement (OMM) does. OMM technology can inspect the workpiece on its operating station by motion control and the position detection function of CNC machine tool, by which the measuring error caused by the misalignment between measuring datum and manufacturing datum can be avoided accurately. Therefore, it is a feasible way to achieve the real-time control of the manufacturing process and improve the manufacturing accuracy and efficiency. The servo axes of multi-axis CNC machine tool might be redundant for being used in OMM, which will result in that one measurement task could be done by different servo motion schemes. In addition, the map between the machine accuracy and measuring accuracy has not been found out previously. Thus, how to determine metering schemes to measure a workpiece with high accuracy and efficiency is one of the most important problems and also a hotspot for everybody. To solve this problem, a generation method of task-oriented OMM scheme is proposed. Utilizing multi-body system theory and transformation of homogeneous coordinates, a function relationship between the geometrical characteristic of workpiece as independent variables and motions of machine tool as dependent variables is established. All possible metering schemes are obtained by analyzing the solution of functional equation. Then the performance of measurement scheme can be evaluated by comparing the measuring errors of each scheme after building a mapping relationship between the machine tool volumetric errors and measuring errors. In the end, a case study was accomplished, and the correctness and efficiency of the methodology has been verified.
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Reports on the topic "Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM)"

1

Johnston, Derek. Installation and Implementation of an In-Process Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/952956.

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Montano, Joshua D. Hot Coordinate Measuring Machine Technology Assessment (U). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1080338.

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Moncarz, Howard T., Theodore H. Hopp, and Patrick Lezark. Implementation of the Coordinate Measuring Machine Controller. Gaithersburg, MD: National Bureau of Standards, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.88-3874.

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Montano, Joshua D. Coordinate Measuring Machine Pit Artifact Inspection Procedure. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1048684.

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Jacobs, Stephen D. Coordinate Measuring Machine for Characterizing Conformal Optics. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada393371.

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Singer, A. T., J. L. Land, S. D. Phillips, D. Sawyer, B. Borchardt, G. Caskey, D. Ward, P. Snoots, and B. Faust. Interim testing artifact (ITA), a performance evaluation system for coordinate measuring machines (CMMs):. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.5602.

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Montano, Joshua D., and Victor A. Martinez. Hot Coordinate Measuring Machine Technical Specifications and Requirements (U). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1074578.

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Zurcher, N. Calculating uncertainty of 1-D measurements on a coordinate measuring machine. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/125359.

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Baldwin, J. M., R. D. Pilkey, R. M. Cassou, and K. D. Summerhays. Modification of the Sandia National Laboratories/California advanced coordinate measuring machine for high speed scanning. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/481861.

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Zurcher, N. Using a coordinate measuring machine to calibrate step gages at world class levels of uncertainty. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/437769.

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