Journal articles: 'COPD control'

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Agusti, Alvar, and William MacNee. "The COPD control panel: towards personalised medicine in COPD." Thorax 68, no. 7 (November 1, 2012): 687–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/thoraxjnl-2012-202772.

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WALSH, NANCY. "Combination Treatment Bolsters COPD Control." Family Practice News 38, no. 13 (July 2008): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0300-7073(08)70832-6.

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Behlau, Franklin, Blanca I. Canteros, Gerald V. Minsavage, Jeffrey B. Jones, and James H. Graham. "Molecular Characterization of Copper Resistance Genes from Xanthomonas citri subsp.citriand Xanthomonas alfalfae subsp. citrumelonis." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 77, no. 12 (April 22, 2011): 4089–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.03043-10.

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ABSTRACTCopper sprays have been widely used for control of endemic citrus canker caused byXanthomonas citrisubsp.citriin citrus-growing areas for more than 2 decades.Xanthomonas alfalfaesubsp.citrumelonispopulations were also exposed to frequent sprays of copper for several years as a protective measure against citrus bacterial spot (CBS) in Florida citrus nurseries. Long-term use of these bactericides has led to the development of copper-resistant (Cur) strains in bothX. citrisubsp.citriandX. alfalfaesubsp.citrumelonis, resulting in a reduction of disease control. The objectives of this study were to characterize for the first time the genetics of copper resistance inX. citrisubsp.citriandX. alfalfaesubsp.citrumelonisand to compare these organisms to other Curbacteria. Copper resistance determinants fromX. citrisubsp.citristrain A44(pXccCu2) from Argentina andX. alfalfaesubsp.citrumelonisstrain 1381(pXacCu2) from Florida were cloned and sequenced. Open reading frames (ORFs) related to the genescopL,copA,copB,copM,copG,copC,copD, andcopFwere identified inX. citrisubsp.citriA44. The same ORFs, exceptcopCandcopD, were also present inX. alfalfaesubsp.citrumelonis1381. Transposon mutagenesis of the cloned copper resistance determinants in pXccCu2 revealed that copper resistance inX. citrisubsp.citristrain A44 is mostly due tocopL,copA, andcopB, which are the genes in the cloned cluster with the highest nucleotide homology (≥92%) among different Curbacteria.

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WALSH, NANCY. "Combination Treatment Improved Control in COPD." Internal Medicine News 41, no. 19 (October 2008): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1097-8690(08)71092-8.

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Jenkins, Christine R. "Bringing COPD control into the consultation." Respirology 25, no. 11 (July 12, 2020): 1110–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/resp.13884.

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Layec, Gwenael, Luke J. Haseler, Jan Hoff, and Russell S. Richardson. "Evidence that a higher ATP cost of muscular contraction contributes to the lower mechanical efficiency associated with COPD: preliminary findings." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 300, no. 5 (May 2011): R1142—R1147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00835.2010.

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Impaired metabolism in peripheral skeletal muscles potentially contributes to exercise intolerance in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We used 31P-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P-MRS) to examine the energy cost and skeletal muscle energetics in six patients with COPD during dynamic plantar flexion exercise compared with six well-matched healthy control subjects. Patients with COPD displayed a higher energy cost of muscle contraction compared with the controls (control: 6.1 ± 3.1% of rest·min−1·W−1, COPD: 13.6 ± 8.3% of rest·min−1·W−1, P = 0.01). Although, the initial phosphocreatine resynthesis rate was also significantly attenuated in patients with COPD compared with controls (control: 74 ± 17% of rest/min, COPD: 52 ± 13% of rest/min, P = 0.04), when scaled to power output, oxidative ATP synthesis was similar between groups (6.5 ± 2.3% of rest·min−1·W−1 in control and 7.8 ± 3.9% of rest·min−1·W−1 in COPD, P = 0.52). Therefore, our results reveal, for the first time that in a small subset of patients with COPD a higher ATP cost of muscle contraction may substantially contribute to the lower mechanical efficiency previously reported in this population. In addition, it appears that some patients with COPD have preserved mitochondrial function and normal energy supply in lower limb skeletal muscle.

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Karametos, Ilias, Paraskevi Tsiboli, Ilias Togousidis, Chrisi Hatzoglou, Grigorios Giamouzis, and Konstantinos Gourgoulianis. "Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease as a Main Factor of Premature Aging." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 4 (February 13, 2019): 540. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16040540.

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(1) Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is defined as an inflammatory disorder that presents an increasingly prevalent health problem. Accelerated aging has been examined as a pathologic mechanism of many chronic diseases like COPD. We examined whether COPD is combined with accelerated aging, studying two hormones, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and growth hormone (GH), known to be characteristic biological markers of aging. (2) Methods: Data were collected from 119 participants, 70 (58.8%) COPD patients and 49 (41.2%) from a health control group over the period of 2014–2016 in a spirometry program. Information about their medical history, tobacco use, and blood tests was obtained. (3) Results: The average age of the health control patients was 73.5 years (SD = 5.5), and that of the COPD patients was 75.4 years (SD = 6.9). Both groups were similar in age and sex. A greater proportion of smokers were found in the COPD group (87.1%) versus the control group (36.7%). The majority of COPD patients were classified as STAGE II (51.4%) and STAGE III (37.1%) according to GOLD (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease). Levels of DHEA (SD = 17.1) and GH (SD = 0.37) were significantly lower in the COPD group (p < 0.001) compared to those in the controls (SD = 26.3, SD = 0.79). DHEA and GH were more significant and negatively correlated with age. The regression equation of DHEA with age produced a coefficient equal to 1.26. In this study, the difference in DHEA between COPD patients and controls was, on average, 30.2 μg/dL, indicating that the biological age of a COPD patient is on average about 24 years older than that of a control subject of the same age. Similarly, the difference in GH between COPD patients and controls was, on average, 0.42 ng/mL, indicating that the biological age of a COPD patient is on average about 13.1 years older than that of a control subject of the same age. (4) Conclusions: The findings of our study strongly suggest the presence of premature biological aging in COPD patients. Their biological age could actually vary from 13 to 23 years older than non-COPD controls according to DHEA and GH variation.

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Plans-Rubió, Pedro. "Prevention and control of influenza in persons with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease." International Journal of COPD 2, no. 1 (March 2007): 41–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/copd.2007.2.1.41.

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Mandell, Brian F. "COPD: More options mean potentially better control." Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine 81, no. 6 (June 2014): 332–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3949/ccjm.81b.06014.

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Hara, Hiromichi, Kazuyoshi Kuwano, and Jun Araya. "Mitochondrial Quality Control in COPD and IPF." Cells 7, no. 8 (July 24, 2018): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells7080086.

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Mitochondria play important roles in the maintenance of intracellular homeostasis; hence, the quality control of mitochondria is crucial for cell fate determination. Mitochondria dynamics and mitochondria-specific autophagy, known as mitophagy, are two main quality control systems in cells. Mitochondria fuse to increase energy production in response to stress, and damaged mitochondria are segregated by fission and degraded by mitophagy. Once these systems are disrupted, dysfunctional mitochondria with decreased adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production accumulate, affecting cell fate. Recently, increasing evidence suggests that the dysregulation of mitochondria quality control is pathogenic in several age-related diseases. In this review, we outlined the role of mitochondria quality control systems in the pathogenesis of age-associated lung diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).

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Guimarães, M., A. Bugalho, A. S. Oliveira, J. Moita, and A. Marques. "COPD control: Can a consensus be found?" Revista Portuguesa de Pneumologia (English Edition) 22, no. 3 (May 2016): 167–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rppnen.2016.01.004.

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da Silva, Andréa Lúcia G., Helen T. da Rosa, Eduarda Bender, Paulo Ricardo da Rosa, Mirian Salvador, Clara F. Charlier, Dinara Jaqueline Moura, Andréia R. de Moura Valim, Temenouga N. Guecheva, and João Antônio Pegas Henriques. "Effect of Physical Exercise on the Level of DNA Damage in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients." ISRN Pulmonology 2013 (February 5, 2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/907520.

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This study assessed the chronic effects of physical exercise on the level of DNA damage and the susceptibility to exogenous mutagens in peripheral blood cells of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. The case-control study enrolled COPD patients separated into two groups (group of physical exercise (PE-COPD; n=15); group of nonphysical exercise (COPD; n=36)) and 51 controls. Peripheral blood was used to evaluate DNA damage by comet assay and lipid peroxidation by measurement of thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS). The cytogenetic damage was evaluated by the buccal micronucleus cytome assay. The results showed that the TBARS values were significantly lower in PE-COPD than in COPD group. The residual DNA damage (induced by methyl methanesulphonate alkylating agent) in PE-COPD was similar to the controls group, in contrast to COPD group where it was significantly elevated. COPD group showed elevated frequency of nuclear buds (BUD) and condensed chromatin (CC) in relation to PE-COPD and control groups, which could indicate a deficiency in DNA repair and early apoptosis of the damaged cells. We concluded that the physical exercise for COPD patients leads to significant decrease of lipid peroxidation in blood plasma, decrease of susceptibility to exogenous mutagenic, and better efficiency in DNA repair.

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Toppo, Amardeepak, D. Sudheer, G. S. Rajawat, and Thomas Kurian. "Endocrinal assessment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients as compared to control groups." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 5, no. 4 (March 28, 2017): 1640. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20171279.

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Background: Hormones also take part in respiratory control via peripheral chemo receptors or by their local effects on the lungs and the airways. In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients, respiratory muscles are required to work efficiently than normal individuals to establish a sufficient respiration. Changes in serum hormone levels of COPD patients adversely affect functioning of respiratory muscles. Objective of the study was to assess endocrinal profile in COPD patient with comparable control groups.Methods: A Hospital based Case control study conducted at Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Late B.R.K.M Government Medical College, Jagdalpur, Chhattisgarh, India during July 2016 to January 2017. Study included 75 diagnosed cases of COPD in which moderate, severe, very severe COPD was 25 in each of this group (per GOLD ‘s guideline) and compared to age matched 25 healthy control.Results: In this study serum growth hormone and serum testosterone showed significant difference between COPD cases and control group and fair significant difference in serum FSH between COPD cases and control groups. There was no significant correlation between serum growth hormone, serum testosterone and serum FSH with COPD grading. There was no statistically difference observed in serum LH (p=0.425) level between COPD cases and control groups. Present study showed there was statistically difference in FT3, FT4 and TSH level between COPD cases and control groups. There was significant negative correlation between FT4 levels between COPD grading. But no correlation seen between COPD grading and control with respect to serum FT3 and TSH level.Conclusions: Endocrinal assessment in present study showed significant decrease in serum growth hormone and serum testosterone in COPD patients, which are anabolic hormones. Early detection and correction of such an anabolic hormonal abnormality may prevent skeletal and diaphragmatic muscle weakness, and improve respiratory drive of COPD patients.

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Khijmatgar, Shahnawaz, Giridhar Belur, Rajesh Venkataram, Mohmed Isaqali Karobari, Anand Marya, Veena Shetty, Avidyuti Chowdhury, et al. "Oral Candidal Load and Oral Health Status in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Patients: A Case-Cohort Study." BioMed Research International 2021 (September 11, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5548746.

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Objective. The objective of this study was to determine the candidal load of the patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and evaluate the oral health status of subjects with COPD. Material and Methods. N = 112 COPD subjects and N = 100 control subjects were included in the study. The selection of COPD cases was confirmed based on the set criteria from the American College of Physicians. The oral health status was assessed as per WHO criteria to determine the score of decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT), significant caries index (SiC), community periodontal index and treatment needs (CPITN), and oral hygiene index-simplified (OHI-S). Gram staining was performed to identify Candida using the whole saliva. Quantitative evaluation of the candidal load was carried out using Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA). Chrome agar was used to differentiate between the commensal carriages. A statistical analysis paired t -test and 95% confidence interval (CI) for proportions was carried out using STATA software. Results. Candidal growth was found in 21.42% ( n = 24 ) of COPD cases and 1.1% ( n = 11 ) of control cases ( p < 0.05 ) (95% CI 0.45, 0.59). The DMFT score was 8.26 in COPD subjects and 4.6 in controls, the SiC score was 16.42 in COPD subjects and 10.25 in controls, and the CPITN score for both COPD and control cases was score 2. Conclusion. In conclusion, there was a higher candidal load among subjects suffering from COPD. Theophylline medication can be a risk factor for increased candidal load in COPD patients.

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Levin, Kate A., Marianne Milligan, Hannah K. Bayes, Emilia Crighton, and David Anderson. "Measuring the impact of a Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Community Respiratory Programme on emergency admissions to hospital: a controlled interrupted time series analysis." Age and Ageing 50, no. 5 (June 9, 2021): 1728–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afab104.

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Abstract Background A community respiratory service was implemented in the North West of Glasgow (NW) in January 2013, as part of the Reshaping Care for Older People programme (RCOP). This study aimed to measure the impact of the service on older people’s emergency admissions (EAs) to hospital. Methods EAs to hospital with a primary diagnosis of COPD (COPD EAs) per 1,000 population aged 65 years+ in NW were compared before and after onset of the service with a 6-month phase-in period, using segmented linear regression. South and North East Glasgow (S + NE) was the control—an area with no such service in place. The model adjusted for the rate of all-cause EAs to control for the impact of other localised RCOPP initiatives. Autoregressive terms and a Fourier term to adjust for seasonality were included in the model. Results Prior to implementation of the respiratory service, increases in COPD EAs over time were evident in NW. Adjusting for changes in COPD EAs in NE + S, an additional reduction of −0.04 (−0.03, −0.05) per 1,000 population per month was observed in NW following the phase-in, so that by March 2015, the predicted reduction due to the respiratory service was −0.85 COPD EAs per 1,000 population, a relative reduction of 34.3%. No significant changes in admissions with COPD as a secondary diagnosis (COPD5 EAs) were observed, suggesting that the intervention had no impact on these. Conclusions The community respiratory service was associated with a significant reduction in the rate of COPD EAs among older people and no change in COPD5 EAs.

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Begum, K., MK Begum, ZH Sarker, MRK Dewan, and MJH Siddique. "Lipid Profile Status of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Hospitalized Patients." Bangladesh Journal of Medical Biochemistry 3, no. 2 (February 15, 2013): 42–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmb.v3i2.13810.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the serum level of total cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), low density lipoproteins (LDL) and high density lipoproteins, (HDL) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients admitted in National Institute of Disease of Chest and Hospital, Mohakhali, Dhaka during. January 2009 to January 2010. Twenty two patients with COPD and 22 healthy controls were included in this study. Total cholesterol, HDL and TG levels were determined with ILAB 1800 Chemistry Analyzer using ILAB test Reagents. LDL concentration was calculated using the Friedewald Equation. The mean level of TG was 150.04±29.66 mg/dl and 126.14±13.28 in COPD patients and healthy control, respectively. A statistically significant difference was found between the two groups (p<0.001). The mean level of TC was 181.83±20.11 mg/dl and 176.28±15.35 mg/dl in COPD patients and healthy control respectively (p<0.001). LDL level mean value was 116.12±14.26 mg/dl and 108.95±10.39 in COPD patients and control respectively (p<0.001). The mean value of HDL showed 38.79±2.4 in COPD patients and 39.014±1.56 in control. A statistically significance was also found between the two groups (p<0.001). Our results showed that the values of TC, TG, LDL were higher than healthy control that is highly significant statistically. On the other hand, the was significantly decreased HDL level compared with controls. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmb.v3i2.13810 Bangladesh J Med Biochem 2010; 3(2): 42-45

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Naoum, Ibrahim, Abedalghani Abedalhalim, Amir Aker, Luai Khalaili, and Sameer Kassem. "Glycemic Control & Morbidity in Diabetics With COPD Exacerbation. A Retrospective Study." Journal of the Endocrine Society 5, Supplement_1 (May 1, 2021): A414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvab048.844.

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Abstract Background: Diabetes and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are widely prevalent and comorbidity with these diseases is quite common. However, there is limited data on the interrelation between glycemic control and COPD exacerbations in diabetic patients. Objective: To study the association between pre-admission glycemic control and COPD clinical outcomes including mortality, risk of hospital readmission and the need for mechanical ventilation. Methods: A retrospective population-based cohort study. We screened for patients with both diabetes and COPD exacerbation aged 35 years and above. Pre-admission glycemic control was defined by the last HBA1C level prior to hospitalization. Patients with HBA1C>8% were defined as uncontrolled. We evaluated the difference between controlled and uncontrolled groups in the rates of mortality, readmission and the need for mechanical ventilation. We examined demographic and clinical parameters that might reflect COPD severity including: COPD medication use, blood hemoglobin, platelets, LDH and CRP levels. Results: 513 hospitalizations with diabetes and COPD were screened. 222 hospitalization were excluded either due to unestablished diagnosis of COPD or due to lack of HBA1C test in the preceding year. Of the remaining 291, 208 admissions were with controlled diabetes whereas 83 were uncontrolled. Although not statistically significant, the rate of re-hospitalization was higher in the uncontrolled group (OR 1.99, CI 0.99–4.0, p-value 0.051). There was no statistically significant difference in mortality (OR 1.6, CI 0.73–3.5, p-value 0.243). The use of oxygen and the need for noninvasive mechanical ventilation were significantly higher in the uncontrolled group (67.5% vs. 52.4%, p-value 0.019, 33.7% versus 18.8%, p-value 0.006, respectively). There was no significant difference in possible confounders tested between the groups. Conclusion: Uncontrolled diabetes may adversely affect patients with COPD exacerbation. Larger studies are needed to conclusively determine the impact of glycemic control on COPD morbidity and mortality.

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Avdeev, S. N., Z. R. Aisanov, A. S. Belevsky, K. M. Beeh, A. A. Vizel, S. K. Zyryanov, G. L. Ignatova, et al. "The concept of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease clinical control as a decision - making tool in real clinical practice for optimizing of basic pharmacotherapy." Terapevticheskii arkhiv 92, no. 1 (January 15, 2020): 89–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.26442/00403660.2020.01.000489.

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The main goals of COPD therapy are to achieve clinical stability with minimal clinical manifestations and low risk of relapse. The proposed COPD control concept by analogy with asthma has not been quite well characterized yet. COPD control is defined as "the long - term maintenance of a clinical situation with a low impact of symptoms on the patient’s life and absence of exacerbations." The situation of clinical control in COPD is considered desirable and potentially achievable for most patients with COPD. Pharmacotherapeutic options for COPD are constantly expanding. The control concept may be useful when the decision on treatment of COPD is made for dynamic adjustment of the therapy volume.

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Pavlush, D. G., V. A. Nevzorova, E. A. Gilifanov, V. B. Shumatov, and I. M. Martynenko. "Control of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations frequency in association with ENT organs abnormalities." Russian Pulmonology 29, no. 6 (February 27, 2020): 716–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.18093/0869-0189-2019-29-6-716-724.

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a disease holding a stable position in morbidity and mortality structure in patients aged over 40 years.The aim of the study was to evaluate the condition of otorhinolaryngological (ENT) organs in patients with the COPD at different disease periods with subsequent analysis of COPD exacerbation rate based on the results of therapy regimen change according to the established comorbidity.Materials and Methods. Examination of ENT organs was performed in patients with COPD (n = 99) Patients from group 1 (n = 50) were treated at Pulmonary Department of the Regional State Budgetary Health Institution "Vladivostok Clinical Hospital No.1" for disease exacerbation; outpatients from group 2 (n = 49) had stable COPD course. Control group (n = 50) included patients without history of smoking and without respiratory and hearing disorders. All patients were matched by age and sex. Repeated examination was conducted in patients (n = 72) with stable COPD after 6 months.Results. It was observed that patients from groups 1 and 2 had different severity of disease symptoms, but equally high (> 2) risk of COPD exacerbation within 1 year. 50.0 and 42.9% of patients actively complained about the ENT organ-related conditions during the periods of COPD exacerbation and stable course, respectively. Among ENT organ diseases the most frequent were laryngeal diseases reported in 84.0 and 73.5% of patients with COPD exacerbation and stable course, respectively. The chronic catarrhal rhinitis and pharyngitis were revealed in 26 and 30% of patients with COPD exacerbation (p < 0.01). According to the data of 6-month study, the number of COPD exacerbations in high-risk patients with COPD using personal treatment plan for ENT-organ diseases was reduced by half, which had a positive effect on the condition of ENT-organs.Conclusion. The study showed that patients with COPD often ENT-organ-related complaints – in the exacerbation period about 50% of patients, and at stable course – 43%. Patients most often complain on glottic incompetence with the most pronounced symptoms at COPD exacerbation. Decreased number of COPD exacerbations by 2 times in patients with high risk of their occurrence and improvement of ENT organ condition were noted if ENT diseases were timely treated. ENT specialist consultation should be provided at dispensary observation organization for patients with COPD in order to personalize the treatment plan depending on the clinical situation.

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Broxterman, Ryan M., Peter D. Wagner, and Russell S. Richardson. "Exercise training in COPD: muscle O2 transport plasticity." European Respiratory Journal 58, no. 2 (January 14, 2021): 2004146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.04146-2020.

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Both convective oxygen (O2) transport to, and diffusive transport within, skeletal muscle are markedly diminished in patients with COPD. However, it is unknown how these determinants of peak muscle O2 uptake (V′mO2peak) respond to exercise training in patients with COPD. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the plasticity of skeletal muscle O2 transport determinants of V′mO2peak in patients with COPD.Adaptations to 8 weeks of single-leg knee-extensor exercise training were measured in eight patients with severe COPD (mean±sem forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) 0.9±0.1 L) and eight healthy, well-matched controls. Femoral arterial and venous blood samples, and thermodilution-assessed leg blood flow were used to determine muscle O2 transport and utilisation at maximal exercise pre- and post-training.Training increased V′mO2peak in both COPD (by ∼26% from 271±29 to 342±35 mL·min−1) and controls (by ∼32% from 418±37 to 553±41 mL·min−1), restoring V′mO2peak in COPD to only ∼80% of pre-training control V′mO2peak. Muscle diffusive O2 transport increased similarly in both COPD (by ∼38% from 6.6±0.9 to 9.1±0.9 mL·min−1·mmHg−1) and controls (by ∼36% from 10.4±0.7 to 14.1±0.8 mL·min−1·mmHg−1), with the patients reaching ∼90% of pre-training control values. In contrast, muscle convective O2 transport increased significantly only in controls (by ∼26% from 688±57 to 865±69 mL·min−1), leaving patients with COPD (438±45 versus 491±51 mL·min−1) at ∼70% of pre-training control values.While muscle diffusive O2 transport in COPD was largely restored by exercise training, V′mO2peak remained constrained by limited plasticity in muscle convective O2 transport.

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Munuswamy, Revathy, Jana De Brandt, Chris Burtin, Wim Derave, Joseph Aumann, Martijn A. Spruit, and Luc Michiels. "Monomeric CRP is Elevated in Patients with COPD Compared to Non-COPD Control Persons." Journal of Inflammation Research Volume 14 (September 2021): 4503–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/jir.s320659.

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Hurtado-Ruzza, Rafael, Óscar Álvarez-Calderón Iglesias, Ricardo Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo, César Calvo-Lobo, Marta San-Antolín, Marta Elena Losa-Iglesias, Carlos Romero-Morales, and Daniel López-López. "Self-Perceived Handicap Associated With Dysphonia and Health-Related Quality of Life of Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients: A Case–Control Study." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 64, no. 2 (February 17, 2021): 433–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_jslhr-20-00473.

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Purpose The association between voice alterations, health-related quality of life (HRQL), and chronic respiratory diseases, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), has previously been reported. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that HRQL and dysphonia-associated handicap of patients diagnosed with asthma or COPD are worse than healthy controls. Method A case–control study in which participants were recruited by a consecutive sampling method from a single institution was conducted. Three groups were created: (a) asthma (51 patients), (b) COPD (52 patients), and (c) 50 healthy controls. Self-reported handicap associated with dysphonia was assessed using the 30-item Voice Handicap Index (VHI-30); meanwhile, HRQL was tested via the European Quality of Life (EQ) Questionnaire and the EQ–visual analog scale. Also, aerodynamic assessment applied to phonation was assessed, and maximum phonation time and s/e index were registered. Results VHI scores were higher for asthma and COPD (7.19 ± 8.31 and 11.80 ± 15.18, respectively) than in the control group (3.72 ± 6.78). The EQ index was lower in asthma and COPD patients than in controls. The EQ–visual analog scale showed lower scores in asthma and COPD than in the controls. Conclusions HRQL was worse in COPD patients than in asthma patients. Even though the patient groups showed worse VHI and HRQL scores than the healthy controls, the scores fell within the normal variation range. No significant variations in the maximum phonation time index between groups were noted.

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Seifart, Carola, Alexandra Plagens, Dörte Brödje, Bernd Müller, Peter von Wichert, and Joanna Floros. "Surfactant Protein B Intron 4 Variation in German Patients with COPD and Acute Respiratory Failure." Disease Markers 18, no. 3 (2002): 129–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2002/194075.

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major health problem. Genetic factors that contribute to the disease have been postulated. The pulmonary surfactant protein B (SP-B), which is essential for normal lung function, is considered as a candidate gene for COPD in this case-control study. We studied the SP-B intron 4 size variants in 346 individuals. This group consisted of 118 patients with chronic bronchitis or COPD, including 24 patients with acute respiratory failure (ARF) in COPD, 118 matched controls without pulmonary disease and 110 healthy individuals (population control). The frequency of intron 4 variants was similar in either control group (10.9%, 14.4% respectively), with a small increase in the COPD group (18.6%). This increase was due to a high increase of intron 4 variants in the ARF subgroup (37.5%,p= 0.003, OR 4.9, 95% CI: 1.76–13.6). The data indicate that SP-B intron 4 variants may associate with increased risk of ARF in COPD and may be used as a marker of susceptibility in this disease subgroup.

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Øie, Marte Rystad, Sarah Bettina Dahlslett, Malcolm Sue-Chu, Anne-S. Helvik, Sverre Karmhus Steinsvåg, and Wenche Moe Thorstensen. "Rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps in COPD." ERJ Open Research 6, no. 2 (April 2020): 00015–2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/23120541.00015-2020.

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The validity of the united airway disease concept for rhinosinusitis (RS) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been questioned because of methodological limitations in previous studies. In this study we investigated the prevalence of RS without nasal polyps (RSsNP) and the severity of sinonasal symptoms in COPD and a corresponding control group. We also evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of these symptoms for RSsNP in COPD. 90 COPD patients and 93 controls were included in an observational cross-sectional study where globally accepted diagnostic criteria of RS and COPD (EPOS 2012 and GOLD) were incorporated; symptomatic and endoscopic criteria for the diagnosis of RS, and spirometry with reversibility for diagnosis of COPD. RS symptoms were identified by responses to the sinonasal outcome test (SNOT-22), nasal endoscopy identified signs of sinonasal disease and discriminated between RS with and without nasal polyps, and visual analogue scales (VAS) rated the severity of sinonasal symptoms. We found RSsNP in 51% of our COPD patients which is threefold greater than in the control group (p<0.001). Nasal discharge (72%) and nasal obstruction (62%) were the two most frequently reported symptoms in COPD. The diagnostic accuracy for RSsNP is better for the composite VAS for rhinological symptoms than for facial symptoms. We conclude that RSsNP is present in 51% of our COPD patients, which is significantly more prevalent compared to a corresponding control group. These results suggest that COPD is associated with RS.

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Mantilla, Carlos B., and Gary C. Sieck. "Neuromotor control in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease." Journal of Applied Physiology 114, no. 9 (May 1, 2013): 1246–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01212.2012.

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Neuromotor control of skeletal muscles, including respiratory muscles, is ultimately dependent on the structure and function of the motor units (motoneurons and the muscle fibers they innervate) comprising the muscle. In most muscles, considerable diversity of contractile and fatigue properties exists across motor units, allowing a range of motor behaviors. In diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), there may be disproportional primary (disease related) or secondary effects (related to treatment or other concomitant factors) on the size and contractility of specific muscle fiber types that would influence the relative contribution of different motor units. For example, with COPD there is a disproportionate atrophy of type IIx and/or IIb fibers that comprise more fatigable motor units. Thus fatigue resistance may appear to improve, while overall motor performance (e.g., 6-min walk test) and endurance (e.g., reduced aerobic exercise capacity) are diminished. There are many coexisting factors that might also influence motor performance. For example, in COPD patients, there may be concomitant hypoxia and/or hypercapnia, physical inactivity and unloading of muscles, and corticosteroid treatment, all of which may disproportionately affect specific muscle fiber types, thereby influencing neuromotor control. Future studies should address how plasticity in motor units can be harnessed to mitigate the functional impact of COPD-induced changes.

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Vishweswaraiah, Sangeetha, Tania Ahalya Thimraj, Leema George, Chaya Sindaghatta Krishnarao, Komarla Sundararaja Lokesh, Jayaraj Biligere Siddaiah, Kjell Larsson, et al. "Putative Systemic Biomarkers of Biomass Smoke-Induced Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease among Women in a Rural South Indian Population." Disease Markers 2018 (November 22, 2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4949175.

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Rationale. Exposure to biomass smoke (BMS) has been implicated in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). About 3 billion people worldwide use biomass fuel for cooking and heating. Women in rural communities of low- and lower-middle-income countries are disproportionately exposed to massive amounts of BMS during active cooking hours (4–6 h/day). Therefore, BMS exposure is considered as a risk factor for COPD in the same order of magnitude as tobacco smoke. In rural India, due to cultural reasons, women are the primary cook of the family and are mostly nonsmokers. Thus, BMS-induced COPD is predominant among rural Indian women. However, BMS-COPD remains a relatively unexplored health problem globally. Therefore, we investigated the serum chemokine and cytokine signatures of BMS-COPD and tobacco smoke-induced COPD (TS-COPD) patients compared to their control in a rural South Indian population for this field study. Methods. Concentrations of 40 serum chemokines and cytokines were measured using a multiplexed immunoassay. The study cohort consisted of BMS-COPD (female; n=29) and BMS-exposed subjects without COPD (BMS-CONTROL; female; n=24). For comparison, data from TS-COPD patients (male, n=23) and tobacco smokers without COPD (TS-CONTROL; male, n=22) were investigated. Subjects were matched for age, sex, and biomass exposure. Tobacco consumption was slightly higher in TS-COPD subjects compared to TS-CONTROL. BMS-exposed and TS-exposed subjects (currently exposed) were from the same locality with similar dwelling habits and socioeconomic status. A validated structured questionnaire-based survey and spirometry was performed. An additional control group with no tobacco and BMS exposure (TS-BMS-CONTROL; n=15) was included. Statistical significance was set at p≤0.01. Results. Serum median concentrations (pg/ml) of CCL15 [8799.35; 5977.22], CCL27 [1409.14; 1024.99], and CXCL13 [37.14; 26.03] were significantly higher in BMS-CONTROL compared to BMS-COPD subjects. Nine analytes exhibited higher concentrations in TS-CONTROL compared to TS-COPD subjects. Comparison of chemokine and cytokine concentrations among BMS-COPD versus TS-COPD and BMS-CONTROL versus TS-CONTROL subjects also revealed distinct molecular signatures. Conclusion. Our data identifies CCL27 and CXCL13 as putative, plausibly homeostatic/protective biomarkers for BMS-COPD within the investigated population that warrants validation in larger and multiple cohorts. The findings further indicate exposure-specific systemic response of chemokines and cytokines.

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Pandey, Sarika, Priyanka Gaur, Rajiv Garg, Surya Kant, Sandeep Bhattacharya, Abhishek Dubey, and Zameerul Hasan. "Association of Serum MMP 9 Level with COPD and Healthy Control in North Indian Population." International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research 4, no. 2 (March 2018): 1703–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/ijlssr.2018.4.2.15.

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Jacono, Frank J. "Control of ventilation in COPD and lung injury." Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology 189, no. 2 (November 2013): 371–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resp.2013.07.010.

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Weinmann, Sheila, William M. Vollmer, Victor Breen, Michael Heumann, Eva Hnizdo, Jacqueline Villnave, Brent Doney, Monica Graziani, Mary Ann McBurnie, and A. Sonia Buist. "COPD and Occupational Exposures: A Case-Control Study." Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 50, no. 5 (May 2008): 561–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/jom.0b013e3181651556.

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Weinmann, S., W. M. Vollmer, V. Breen, M. Heumann, E. Hnizdo, J. Villnave, B. Doney, M. Graziani, M. A. McBurnie, and S. Buist>. "COPD and Occupational Exposures: A Case-Control Study." American Journal of Epidemiology 163, suppl_11 (June 1, 2006): S214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aje/163.suppl_11.s214-c.

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Soler-Cataluña, Juan José, Bernardino Alcázar, Maribel Marzo, Joselín Pérez, and Marc Miravitlles. "Evaluation of Changes in Control Status in COPD." Chest 157, no. 5 (May 2020): 1138–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2019.11.004.

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Soler, Xavier. "Evaluation of Changes in Control Status in COPD." Chest 157, no. 5 (May 2020): 1064–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2020.03.017.

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Agusti, Alvar, Joaquim Gea, and Rosa Faner. "Biomarkers, the control panel and personalized COPD medicine." Respirology 21, no. 1 (July 14, 2015): 24–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/resp.12585.

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Finney, S. J. "Tight glycaemic control in acute exacerbations of COPD." Thorax 61, no. 4 (April 1, 2006): 275–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/thx.2005.053546.

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Vishnivetsky, Ivan Ivanovich, Oleksandr Dyadyk, and Yuriy Mostovoy. "The place of comorbidities in ‘COPD control panel’." Thorax 68, no. 4 (January 11, 2013): 388.1–389. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/thoraxjnl-2012-203056.

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Soler-Cataluña, Juan José, Bernardino Alcázar, and Marc Miravitlles. "Clinical control in COPD: A New therapeutic objective?" Archivos de Bronconeumología (English Edition) 56, no. 2 (February 2020): 68–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arbr.2019.06.011.

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Toppo, Amardeepak, D. Sudheer, G. S. Rajawat, and Thomas Kurian. "A study to assess nutritional profile in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients." International Journal of Advances in Medicine 4, no. 2 (March 23, 2017): 450. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20171040.

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Background: The potential ill effects of malnutrition are numerous, such as decreased maximal respiratory muscle force, decreased hypoxic Ventilatory response and decreased resistance to infection. The objective was to assess nutritional profile in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patient.Methods: The study was conducted at a tertiary care referral hospital. Period of study was one year. Present study was case control study. Institutional Ethics committee permission was taken. A total of 75 cases of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and comparable controls were included in the study.Results: Present study shows that there was significant difference in mid arm circumference and mid-thigh circumference between COPD cases and control groups as well as between serum pre-albumin and serum transferrin level, serum uric acid (p=0.018) and serum calcium level (p=0.002). There was no statistically difference with respect to serum total protein (p=0.308), serum albumin (p=0.533) and serum phosphorus level (p=0.064) between COPD patient and control groups. There was statistically significant difference in total lymphocyte count between COPD cases and control groups as well as between serum LDL and serum HDL, serum LDL and serum HDL with COPD grading. As COPD grading increased there was significant decrease in serum LDL and serum HDL level. There was no significant difference with respect serum TG (p=0.738), VLDL and total cholesterol level (p=0.063) between COPD cases and control groups.Conclusions: Simple measurement of BMI, mid arm circumference and mid-thigh circumference can assess mal-nutrition in COPD patients and biochemical parameter like serum pre-albumin and serum transferrin may helpful in early detection of malnutrition.

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Kocamış, Özkan, and Duygu Zorlu. "Choroid and Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Exacerbation." Journal of Ophthalmology 2018 (July 8, 2018): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1201976.

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Purpose. We aimed at measuring the choroid and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness with optic coherence tomography (OCT) in patients diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods. A total of 60 patients with COPD and 23 healthy controls were evaluated in the scope of this prospective, observational study. COPD patients were divided into two groups as those that were stable and those with an exacerbation based on the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) classification. Subfoveal choroid thickness (SFCT) of the patients and the control group was compared by measuring the choroid thickness at points 1000 µm nasal and temporal to the fovea and the mean retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness. Results. The subfoveal choroid thickness of the COPD patients in both the exacerbation and stable groups was found to be statistically significantly thinner than the control group (p=0.047 and p=0.046, resp.). No statistically significant difference was found between the subfoveal choroid thickness of the patients that were stable and those that had an exacerbation (p=0.813). No statistically significant difference was found between the mean RNFL, 1000 µm nasal, or 1000 µm temporal choroid thicknesses of the COPD patients and the control group (p=0.263, p=0.455, and p=0.611, resp.). Conclusion. Decreased subfoveal choroid thickness was found in the COPD patients both during an exacerbation and in the stable period, when compared to the control group. The mean RNFL thickness was similar in the exacerbation and stable period of the stable COPD patients when compared to the control group. This suggests that ocular findings might be important in terms of COPD morbidity. This trial is registered with www.chictr.org.cn/enIndex.aspx.

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Austin, Krista G., Larry Mengelkoch, Jennifer Hansen, Edward Shahady, Prawee Sirithienthad, and Lynn Panton. "Comparison of oxygenation in peripheral muscle during submaximal aerobic exercise, in persons with COPD and healthy, matched-control persons." International Journal of COPD 1, no. 4 (December 2006): 467–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/copd.2006.1.4.467.

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Smith, Joshua R., Bruce D. Johnson, and Thomas P. Olson. "Impaired central hemodynamics in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease during submaximal exercise." Journal of Applied Physiology 127, no. 3 (September 1, 2019): 691–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00877.2018.

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It is unknown whether central hemodynamics are impaired during exercise in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. We hypothesized that, at a similar absolute V̇o2 during exercise, COPD patients would have a lower stroke volume and cardiac output compared with healthy controls. Furthermore, we hypothesized that greater static hyperinflation [ratio of inspiratory capacity to total lung capacity (IC/TLC)] and expiratory intrathoracic pressure would be significantly related to the lower cardiac output and stroke volume responses in COPD patients. Clinically stable COPD ( n = 13; FEV1/FVC: 52 ± 13%) and controls ( n = 10) performed constant workload submaximal exercise at an absolute V̇o2 of ~1.3 L/min. During exercise, inspiratory capacity maneuvers were performed to determine operating lung volumes and cardiac output (via open-circuit acetylene rebreathe technique) and esophageal pressure were measured. At similar absolute V̇o2 during exercise ( P = 0.81), COPD had lower cardiac output than controls (COPD: 11.0 ± 1.6 vs. control: 12.2 ± 1.2 L/min, P = 0.03) due to a lower stroke volume (COPD: 107 ± 13 vs. control: 119 ± 19 mL, P = 0.04). The heart rate response during exercise was not different between groups ( P = 0.66). FEV1 (%predicted) and IC/TLC were positively related to stroke volume ( r = 0.68, P = 0.01 and r = 0.77, P < 0.01). Last, esophageal pressure-time integral during inspiration was positively related to cardiac output ( r = 0.56, P = 0.047). These data demonstrate that COPD patients have attenuated cardiac output and stroke volume responses during exercise compared with control. Furthermore, these data suggest that the COPD patients with the most severe hyperinflation and more negative inspiratory intrathoracic pressures have the most impaired central hemodynamic responses. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease leads to cardiac structural changes and pulmonary derangements that impact the integrative response to exercise. However, it is unknown whether these pathophysiological alterations influence the cardiac response during exercise. Herein, we demonstrate that COPD patients exhibit impaired central hemodynamics during exercise that are worsened with greater hyperinflation.

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Moayyedkazemi, Alireza, and Mohammad Hossein Rahimirad. "Evaluating serum C-reactive protein level in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and its correlation with disease severity." Biomedical Research and Therapy 5, no. 11 (November 5, 2018): 2784–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.15419/bmrat.v5i11.494.

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Background: It has been proven that patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are at risk for increased atherothrombotic events. Studies have demonstrated that C-reactive protein (CRP) and COPD are risk factors for heart disease. The present study aimed to evaluate the serum level of CRP in patients with COPD and compare it with those of the control group. Method: The present case-control study was conducted on 40 patients with COPD and 51 asymptomatic individuals (control subjects). High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), blood gases, and spirometry were evaluated in patients with COPD and compared with those of the control group. Results: Patients with COPD had a higher hsCRP than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (7.6 mg/L compared to 4.2 mg/L, P<0.001). A negative correlation was found between hsCRP and the predicted percentage of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1%) (P=0.03; r=0.32). There was also a positive correlation between hsCRP and the severity of COPD based on the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) criteria (P=0.04; r=0.3). Conclusion: Serum hsCRP is higher in the COPD group than the control group matched based on age, and hsCRP is correlated with the severity of COPD. Further studies with larger sample sizes are required for evaluating this correlation in patients with COPD.

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Akata, Kentaro, Kei Yamasaki, Fernando Sergio Leitao Filho, Chen Xi Yang, Hiroto Takiguchi, Basak Sahin, Beth A. Whalen, et al. "Abundance of Non-Polarized Lung Macrophages with Poor Phagocytic Function in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)." Biomedicines 8, no. 10 (October 8, 2020): 398. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines8100398.

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Lung macrophages are the key immune effector cells in the pathogenesis of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Several studies have shown an increase in their numbers in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL) of subjects with COPD compared to controls, suggesting a pathogenic role in disease initiation and progression. Although reduced lung macrophage phagocytic ability has been previously shown in COPD, the relationship between lung macrophages’ phenotypic characteristics and functional properties in COPD is still unclear. (1) Methods: Macrophages harvested from bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid of subjects with and without COPD (GOLD grades, I–III) were immuno-phenotyped, and their function and gene expression profiles were assessed using targeted assays. (2) Results: BAL macrophages from 18 COPD and 10 (non-COPD) control subjects were evaluated. The majority of macrophages from COPD subjects were non-polarized (negative for both M1 and M2 markers; 77.9%) in contrast to controls (23.9%; p < 0.001). The percentages of these non-polarized macrophages strongly correlated with the severity of COPD (p = 0.006) and current smoking status (p = 0.008). Non-polarized macrophages demonstrated poor phagocytic function in both the control (p = 0.02) and COPD (p < 0.001) subjects. Non-polarized macrophages demonstrated impaired ability to phagocytose Staphylococcus aureus (p < 0.001). They also demonstrated reduced gene expression for CD163, CD40, CCL13 and C1QA&B, which are involved in pathogen recognition and processing and showed an increased gene expression for CXCR4, RAF1, amphiregulin and MAP3K5, which are all involved in promoting the inflammatory response. (3) Conclusions: COPD is associated with an abundance of non-polarized airway macrophages that is related to the severity of COPD. These non-polarized macrophages are predominantly responsible for the poor phagocytic capacity of lung macrophages in COPD, having reduced capacity for pathogen recognition and processing. This could be a key risk factor for COPD exacerbation and could contribute to disease progression.

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Cosío, Borja G., Sergi Pascual-Guardia, Alicia Borras-Santos, Germán Peces-Barba, Salud Santos, Laura Vigil, Juan José Soler-Cataluña, et al. "Phenotypic characterisation of early COPD: a prospective case–control study." ERJ Open Research 6, no. 4 (October 2020): 00047–2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/23120541.00047-2020.

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The phenotypic characteristics of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in individuals younger than 50 years of age (early COPD) are not well defined. This prospective, multicentre, case–control study sought to describe these characteristics and compare them with those of smokers (≥10 pack-years) of similar age with normal spirometry (controls).We studied 92 cases (post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) <0.7) and 197 controls. Results were contrasted with participants with similar inclusion criteria recruited into the ECLIPSE and COPDGene cohorts.Cases had moderate airflow limitation (FEV1 71.3±20.8%) but were often symptomatic, used healthcare resources frequently, had air trapping (residual volume 150.6±55.5% ref.), had reduced diffusing capacity (84.2±20.7% ref.) and had frequent evidence of computed tomography (CT) emphysema (61%). Of note, less than half of cases (46%) had been previously diagnosed with COPD. Interestingly, they also often reported a family history of respiratory diseases and had been hospitalised because of respiratory problems before the age of 5 years more frequently than controls (12% versus 3%, p=0.009). By and large, these observations were reproduced when available in the ECLIPSE and COPDGene cohorts.These results show that early COPD is associated with substantial health impact and significant structural and functional abnormalities, albeit it is often not diagnosed (hence, treated). The fact that a sizeable proportion of patients with early COPD report a family history of respiratory diseases and/or early-life events (including hospitalisations before the age of 5 years) renders further support to the possibility of early-life origin of COPD.

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Pandey, Ramesh, and Shikha Pandey. "A case control study in BMC Sagar to assess the risk factors of COPD." International Journal of Advances in Medicine 4, no. 4 (July 20, 2017): 1155. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20173250.

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Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is defined as a disease which is characterized by airflow limitation that is not fully reversible. COPD is a major health concern in India in terms of morbidity and mortality. In a developing country like India, it is a big challenge to limit the growing burden of COPD. A case control study was carried out at Bundelkhand Medical College (BMC) Hospital, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, IndiaMethods: There were a total of 323 COPD cases and 325 controls which were taken from the patients attending the department of Medicine of BMC. The diagnosis was made by using the standard clinical criteria and was confirmed by spirometry, chest X-ray and Computed Tomography thorax as and when required. A detailed clinical history regarding age, sex, residence, smoking and type of cooking fuel used at home was taken by using predesigned questionnaire.Results: This study shows that proportion of male was higher in case group than in controls. Large percentage of cases of COPD had history of smoking as compared to controls. Mean pack-years of COPD patients was higher as compared to controls.Conclusions: Exposures to active smoking and environment tobacco smoke (ETS) both were found as important risk factors for COPD. Of the other important risk factors were exposure to solid fuel smoke at home mainly in females.

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Woldhuis, Roy R., Maaike de Vries, Wim Timens, Maarten van den Berge, Marco Demaria, Brian G. G. Oliver, Irene H. Heijink, and Corry-Anke Brandsma. "Link between increased cellular senescence and extracellular matrix changes in COPD." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 319, no. 1 (July 1, 2020): L48—L60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00028.2020.

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with features of accelerated aging, including cellular senescence, DNA damage, oxidative stress, and extracellular matrix (ECM) changes. We propose that these features are particularly apparent in patients with severe, early-onset (SEO)-COPD. Whether fibroblasts from COPD patients display features of accelerated aging and whether this is also present in relatively young SEO-COPD patients is unknown. Therefore, we aimed to determine markers of aging in (SEO)-COPD-derived lung fibroblasts and investigate the impact on ECM. Aging hallmarks and ECM markers were analyzed in lung fibroblasts from SEO-COPD and older COPD patients and compared with fibroblasts from matched non-COPD groups ( n = 9–11 per group), both at normal culture conditions and upon Paraquat-induced senescence. COPD-related differences in senescence and ECM expression were validated in lung tissue. Higher levels of cellular senescence, including senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal)-positive cells (19% for COPD vs. 13% for control) and p16 expression, DNA damage (γ-H2A.X-positive nuclei), and oxidative stress ( MGST1) were detected in COPD compared with control-derived fibroblasts. Most effects were also different in SEO-COPD, with SA-β-gal-positive cells only being significant in SEO-COPD vs. matched controls. Lower decorin expression in COPD-derived fibroblasts correlated with higher p16 expression, and this association was confirmed in lung tissue. Paraquat treatment induced cellular senescence along with clear changes in ECM expression, including decorin. Fibroblasts from COPD patients, including SEO-COPD, display higher levels of cellular senescence, DNA damage, and oxidative stress. The association between cellular senescence and ECM expression changes may suggest a link between accelerated aging and ECM dysregulation in COPD.

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Urbonienė, Daiva, Raimundas Sakalauskas, and Brigita Šitkauskienė. "C-reactive protein levels in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma." Medicina 44, no. 11 (November 12, 2008): 833. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina44110105.

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma are defined as chronic inflammatory airway diseases. There is increasing evidence that systemic inflammation may be involved in their pathogenesis too. We aimed to investigate the C-reactive protein levels in plasma of patients with COPD, asthma and control subjects and to evaluate associations of C-reactive protein levels with pulmonary function and smoking history. Material and methods. We investigated 87 persons: 41 with COPD, 30 with asthma, and 16 controls. Clinical evaluation, pulmonary function tests, C-reactive protein concentration measurement, body mass index and smoking history evaluation were performed. Results. We determined significantly higher C-reactive protein concentrations in COPD patients compared with asthma patients and controls (8.37±1.14 vs 3.14±0.67 and 2.39±0.59 mg/L, respectively; P<0.001). Creactive protein concentrations in smokers and ex-smokers with COPD were significantly higher than in COPD non-smokers (8.38±1.52 and 10.4±2.22 vs 4.10±0.86 mg/L, respectively; P<0.05). In COPD patients, C-reactive protein level correlated with FEV1 (R=–0.463, P=0.002), FEV1/FVC (R=–0.449, P=0.003), and pack-years (R=0.572, P=0.001). There was no correlation between C-reactive protein level and analyzed parameters in asthmatics and control group. Conclusions. Our data support the hypothesis that systemic inflammation plays a role in the pathogenesis of COPD, and cigarette smoking might influence this inflammation.

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Fuentes-Alonso, Marta, Marta Lopez-Herranz, Ana López-de-Andrés, Zichen Ji, Rodrigo Jiménez-García, Clara Maestre-Miquel, José J. Zamorano-León, Isabel Jimenez-Trujillo, and Javier de Miguel-Diez. "Prevalence and Determinants of Mental Health among COPD Patients in a Population-Based Sample in Spain." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 13 (June 24, 2021): 2786. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10132786.

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(1) Background: To assess the prevalence of mental disorders (depression and anxiety), psychological distress, and psychiatric medications consumption among persons suffering from COPD; to compare this prevalence with non-COPD controls and to identify which variables are associated with worse mental health. (2) Methods: This is an epidemiological case-control study. The data were obtained from the Spanish National Health Survey 2017. Subjects were classified as COPD if they reported suffering from COPD and the diagnosis of this condition had been confirmed by a physician. For each case, we selected a non-COPD control matched by sex, age, and province of residence. Conditional logistic regression was used for multivariable analysis. (3) Results: The prevalence of mental disorders (33.9% vs. 17.1%; p < 0.001), psychological distress (35.4% vs. 18.2%; p < 0.001), and psychiatric medications consumption (34.1% vs. 21.9%; p < 0.001) was higher among COPD cases compared with non-COPD controls. After controlling for possible confounding variables, such as comorbid conditions and lifestyles, using multivariable regression, the probability of reporting mental disorders (OR 1.41; 95% CI 1.10–1.82).), psychological distress (OR 1.48; 95% CI 1.12–1.91), and psychiatric medications consumption (OR 1.38 95% CI 1.11–1.71) remained associated with COPD. Among COPD cases, being a woman, poor self-perceived health, more use of health services, and active smoking increased the probability of suffering from mental disorders, psychological distress, and psychiatric medication use. Stroke and chronic pain were the comorbidities more strongly associated with these mental health variables. (4) Conclusions: COPD patients have worse mental health and higher psychological distress and consume more psychiatric medications than non-COPD matched controls. Variables associated with poorer mental health included being a woman, poor self-perceived health, use of health services, and active smoking.

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Rashid, Md Haroon Ur, Rezaul Karim Chowdhury, Mashah Binte Amin, and Md Momenuzzaman Khan. "Osteoporosis among the Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients." Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal 11, no. 1 (February 27, 2020): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/akmmcj.v11i1.45662.

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Background: COPD is a widely prevalent disease with high morbidity and mortality and is associated with various comorbidities, among which is osteoporosis. However, osteoporosis is often undiagnosed in these patients. Material and methods: This study was conducted on 40 patients with COPD and 15 healthy controls (the control group). They were selected from EMCH from Jan 2015 to Dec 2017. All participants were subjected to detailed clinical history taking, a thorough clinical examination, plain chest radiography (posteroanterior and lateral views), blood sampling for complete blood picture, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and serum calcium and phosphates, ventilatory function tests (spirometry), and measurement of bone density using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Results: The results of this study revealed prevalence of osteoporosis was higher in the COPD group compared with the control group (P < 0.00). Prevalence of osteoporosis increased with increasing severity of COPD (P < 0.00). Conclusion: Osteopenia and osteoporosis are more prevalent in COPD patients than in healthy controls and the severity of osteoporosis increases with increasing severity of COPD. Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal Vol. 11, No. 1: Jan 2020, P 16-21

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Agusti, Alvar, and William MacNee. "Authors response. The chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) control panel: towards personalised medicine in COPD." Thorax 68, no. 4 (January 7, 2013): 389–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/thoraxjnl-2012-203090.

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Araújo, Antonio Duarte, Venceslau Hespanhol, and Jaime Correia-de-Sousa. "Is COPD Control a Useful Concept? Assessing Treatment Success by Evaluating COPD-Related Health Status." Archivos de Bronconeumología (English Edition) 53, no. 9 (September 2017): 530–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arbr.2017.01.012.

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Journal articles on the topic 'COPD control'

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