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Journal articles on the topic 'Coplanar waveguide transmission line'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 24 June 2025

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1

Knyazev N. S., Malkin A. I., and Chechetkin V. A. "Losses measurement method for transmission lines at mmWave." Technical Physics Letters 48, no. 3 (2022): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/tpl.2022.03.52880.18981.

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An experimental method was developed to determine losses in microstrip and coplanar transmission lines for devices operating in the frequency range of 77-81 GHz. The parameters of the scattering matrices are obtained using a vector network analyzer and frequency upconverters. The calculation of losses in waveguide-coplanar and coplanar-microstrip adapters is made. Keywords: losses, attenuation, microstrip line, coplanar waveguide, electrodynamic parameters.

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2

Son, Ki Jun, Jang Hyeon Jeong, Sung Jo Han, and Young Yun. "A Short Wavelength and Low Loss Thin-Film Transmission Line Employing ML/CPW Composite Structure on Silicon Substrate." Applied Mechanics and Materials 442 (October 2013): 138–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.442.138.

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In this work, a thin-film transmission line (TFTL) employing microstrip line/coplanar waveguide (ML/CPW) on silicon substrate was proposed, and its RF characteristics were investigated. The TFTL employing ML/CPW composite structure exhibited the wavelength shorter than conventional coplanar waveguide and thin-film microstrip line. Concretely, at 10 GHz, the wavelength of conventional coplanar waveguide and thin film waveguide is 10.35 and 7.83 mm, while the wavelength of the TFTL employing ML/CPW composite structure was 6.26 mm, which was 60.5 % of the conventional coplanar waveguide. The TFTL employing ML/CPW composite structure with a length of λ/8 showed the loss less than 1.12 dB up to 30 GHz, which was lower than conventional coplanar waveguide and thin-film microstrip line. Above results indicates that the TFTL employing ML/CPW composite structure is a promising candidate for application to a miniaturization of RF components on silicon RFIC.

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3

Abdalla, M., H. Elregaily, and A. Mitkees. "Analysis of Ferrite Coplanar Waveguide Transmission Line." International Conference on Aerospace Sciences and Aviation Technology 14, AEROSPACE SCIENCES (2011): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/asat.2011.23389.

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4

Farcich, Nick J., and P. M. Asbeck. "A three-dimensional transmission line with coplanar waveguide features." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 48, no. 11 (2006): 2189–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.21881.

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5

Yang, Lei, and Doo-Yeong Yang. "High Pass Filter Design Using Folded Coplanar Waveguide CRLH Transmission Line." International Journal of Contents 11, no. 3 (2015): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5392/ijoc.2015.11.3.063.

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6

Nary, K. R., K. G. Bellare, and S. I. Long. "A model for coplanar waveguide transmission line structures on semiconductor substrates." IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 41, no. 11 (1993): 2034–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/22.273433.

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7

Shi, Yuan, Qingsheng Zeng, Zhefei Wang, et al. "Wideband asymmetric coplanar waveguide antenna using composite right/left‐handed transmission line." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 64, no. 6 (2022): 1062–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.33216.

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8

Seck, Daouda, Djamel Allal, Florent Marlec, Clément Lenoir, Mohamed Sebbache, and Kamel Haddadi. "Nanoscale Calibration Standards for On-Wafer S-Parameters measurements up to 110 GHz." EPJ Web of Conferences 323 (2025): 12003. https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202532312003.

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We report the first experimental results on the design and fabrication of nanoscale on-wafer calibration standards operating up to 110 GHz. The propagation constant and effective permittivity of coplanar waveguide (CPW) transmission lines (TLs) are extracted from raw S-parameters using the Thru-Reflect-Line (TRL) method. Experimental data show deviations in extracted propagation characteristics when comparing nanostructures to microscale structures.

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9

Lee, Hee-Jo, Nathan Jeong, and Hyang Hee Choi. "Microwave Properties of Coplanar Waveguide-Based PEDOT:PSS Conducting Polymer Line in Ethanol Gas Atmosphere." Materials 13, no. 7 (2020): 1759. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13071759.

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This study aims to investigate the microwave properties of coplanar waveguide (CPW)-based poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) conducting polymer line in an ethanol gas atmosphere, with the frequency range of 0.5–2 GHz. For an ethanol-exposed PEDOT:PSS line (test sample), the transmission coefficient (S21) decreased immediately; moreover, the microwave effective conductivity (σm/w) decreased simultaneously, compared with the ethanol-free PEDOT:PSS line (reference sample). The immediate variations in ΔS21 ( = S21,ethanol − S21,free) and Δσm/w ( = σm/w,ethanol − σm/w,free) were approximately 10.2 dB and 2.7 × 104 S/m, respectively. Furthermore, in the analysis of the circuit model of the PEDOT:PSS line, the characteristic impedance and distributed elements, i.e., resistance (R) and inductance (L) per length, of the test sample increased, compared with the reference sample. However, upon stopping the exposure to ethanol gas, the microwave properties of the test sample instantaneously recovered to those of the reference sample. According to these critical observations, we could confirm that the coplanar waveguide with a PEDOT:PSS line shows a significant difference in the diverse microwave properties, through rapid response to the ethanol gas at room temperature.

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10

Biurrun-Quel, Carlos, Jorge Teniente, and Carlos del-Río. "Reduced Loss and Prevention of Substrate Modes with a Novel Coplanar Waveguide Based on Gap Waveguide Technology." Sensors 23, no. 6 (2023): 2909. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23062909.

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The Gap Waveguide technology utilizes an Artificial Magnetic Conductor (AMC) to prevent the propagation of electromagnetic (EM) waves under certain conditions, resulting in various gap waveguide configurations. In this study, a novel combination of Gap Waveguide technology and the traditional coplanar waveguide (CPW) transmission line is introduced, analyzed, and demonstrated experimentally for the first time. This new line is referred to as GapCPW. Closed-form expressions for its characteristic impedance and effective permittivity are derived using traditional conformal mapping techniques. Eigenmode simulations using finite-element analysis are then performed to assess its low dispersion and loss characteristics. The proposed line demonstrates an effective suppression of the substrate modes in fractional bandwidths up to 90%. In addition, simulations show that a reduction of up to 20% of the dielectric loss can be achieved with respect to the traditional CPW. These features depend on the dimensions of the line. The paper concludes with the fabrication of a prototype and validation of the simulation results in the W band (75–110 GHz).

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11

Nurzhaubayeva, Gulsaya, Katipa Chezhimbayeva, and Norshakila Haris. "Characterization of high impedance of multilayer coplanar waveguide transmission line design for integration with nanodevices." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 4, no. 5 (118) (2022): 6–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2022.263671.

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Terahertz technology has recently attracted the attention of the researchers due to its wide range of applications such as security and military, biomedicine and health care, astronomy and biology. There are many scrutinized research papers among the terahertz applications with nanodevices such as self-switching devices. They need monolithic microwave integrated circuits for integration. It is evident that the system impedance of transmission lines is 50 Ω. However, the main limitation of self-switching diodes is high level of impedance in megaohms which is a huge value and is not so easy to implement. Paper focuses on the design and simulation of the coplanar waveguide transmission line structures with higher impedance by applying multilayer technology for the integration with self-switching diodes. Using multilayer technology in design allows wide range of impedances. Two approaches have been targeted such that meets all the requirements of integration with nanodevice. First approach is a widening the gap of the polyimide dielectric layers used in the fabrication of these components. Several design structures have been considered such as positioning the location of signal and grounds contacts with respect to the position of the dielectric layers. As the result the highest characteristic impedance of about 90 Ω was achieved at operating frequency of 110 GHz. Secondly, novel coplanar waveguide transmission line structure was investigated where the V – shape structure was joined with the signal elevated structure. The terahertz application research may effect on high data transmission rate of no less than 10 GBit/s and thereby in increase of traffic volume.

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12

Gulsaya, Nurzhaubayeva, Chezhimbayeva Katipa, and Haris Norshakila. "Characterization of high impedance of multilayer coplanar waveguide transmission line design for integration with nanodevices." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 4, no. 5 (118) (2022): 6–14. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2022.263671.

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Terahertz technology has recently attracted the attention of the researchers due to its wide range of applications such as security and military, biomedicine and health care, astronomy and biology. There are many scrutinized research papers among the terahertz applications with nanodevices such as self-switching devices. They need monolithic microwave integrated circuits for integration. It is evident that the system impedance of transmission lines is 50 Ω. However, the main limitation of self-switching diodes is high level of impedance in megaohms which is a huge value and is not so easy to implement. Paper focuses on the design and simulation of the coplanar waveguide transmission line structures with higher impedance by applying multilayer technology for the integration with self-switching diodes. Using multilayer technology in design allows wide range of impedances. Two approaches have been targeted such that meets all the requirements of integration with nanodevice. First approach is a widening the gap of the polyimide dielectric layers used in the fabrication of these components. Several design structures have been considered such as positioning the location of signal and grounds contacts with respect to the position of the dielectric layers. As the result the highest characteristic impedance of about 90 Ω was achieved at operating frequency of 110 GHz. Secondly, novel coplanar waveguide transmission line structure was investigated where the V – shape structure was joined with the signal elevated structure. The terahertz application research may effect on high data transmission rate of no less than 10 GBit/s and thereby in increase of traffic volume.

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13

Deng, Zhong Liang, Hong Lai Qu, and Yuan Zhi Chen. "A Novel MEMS CPW Structure." Applied Mechanics and Materials 151 (January 2012): 170–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.151.170.

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This paper presents a novel MEMS coplanar microwave waveguide (CPW) structure. The high-resistivity silicon is chosen as the material of substrate and the aluminum is as the metal transmission line because of its high conductivity ,Removing the silicon between the signal line and ground line, underneath the edge of both line,these can effectly reduce the loss.A layer of polyimide is added between the metal and silicon substrates continued to reduce the loss. The simulation results from HFSS show and demonstrate the insert loss is less than the results of traditional CPW.

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14

Zhu, Kaiqiang, Wei Feng, Yifan Zhu, et al. "Waveguide-coupled heterodyne terahertz detector based on AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistor." Applied Physics Letters 121, no. 8 (2022): 081101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0095379.

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We report a room-temperature, low output impedance, broad intermediate-frequency (IF) bandwidth field-effect terahertz detector based on an AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistor (HEMT) integrated in a metal waveguide. The waveguide detector equips a pair of quasi-Yagi antenna probes that are used to couple the terahertz energy to the HEMT channel. The gate is configured as an asymmetric edge-coupled coplanar waveguide transmission line. This terahertz electric field is asymmetrically distributed in the channel along the edges of the transmission lines. The responsivity and noise for direct and heterodyne detections are characterized and analyzed at different local oscillator (LO) powers. The noise-equivalent power in direct detection is below 189 pW/[Formula: see text]. Operated in a heterodyne mode with a LO power of −3 dBm, the detector offers a conversion loss less than 55 dB in a frequency band of 320–340 GHz. The channel in a form of transmission line performs the broad IF bandwidth, which is increased to gigahertz range (3 GHz), and reduces the output impedance to 377 Ω which is about 20 times lower than previously reported. The transmission-line impedance could be optimized together with the distribution of the terahertz electric field in the gated channel to reduce the conversion loss.

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15

Xie, Tingting, Pengwei Gong, Xiaohe Cheng, Tao Xiu, and Yuan Yao. "An Ultra-Broadband Conductor-Backed Coplanar Waveguide with Sine Edges." Sensors 24, no. 20 (2024): 6640. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24206640.

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In this paper, a conductor-backed coplanar waveguide with sine edges (CBCPW-SE), consisting of a conductor-backed coplanar with periodic sine edges supported by a dielectric substrate, is proposed as a promising new transmission line (TL) at millimeter-wave and terahertz frequencies. This configuration offers a distinct advantage by maintaining a constant input impedance of 50 Ω across a broad frequency spectrum, eliminating the necessity for any additional impedance matching transitions, thereby enhancing the overall efficiency and simplicity of the transmission system. To verify the design, the CBCPW-SE was fabricated and measured. The measurement results demonstrate that, from 10 MHz to 100 GHz, the insertion loss is less than 0.1 dB/mm and the reflection coefficient is better than −10 dB. The measured S21 (dB) for a 50 mm-long CBCPW-SE section is less than −5 dB from 10 MHz to 100 GHz. The measured group delay per unit length of the trace is 3.4–5 ps, ranging from 10 MHz to 100 GHz. Moreover, the measured group velocity dispersion (GVD) approaches zero, signifying the minimal temporal spreading of the signal components, a crucial aspect for maintaining signal integrity and facilitating high-speed data transmission.

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16

Fellahi, Abdelhatif El, Aurélien Mazzamurro, Jean Claude Gerbedoen, et al. "Miniaturized Coplanar Waveguide for Nanostructured Magnetostrictive Multilayer Characterization." Proceedings 2, no. 13 (2019): 851. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2130851.

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A miniaturized coplanar waveguide (CPW) on a Y-cut LiNbO3 substrate operating in Radio Frequency region (RF) is proposed for studying of magnetostrictive multi-layered structure. The structure is composed of a 14 × [TbCo2 (3.7 nm)/FeCo (4 nm)] nanostructured multi-layer. Using microtechnology process, the miniaturized CPW has been designed with a 50 µm wide signal line in the frequency range from 6 MHz to 6 GHz. Electromagnetic simulations based on ®Ansys/HFSS demonstrate insertion losses less than 2 dB and show that the magnetic field is more confined in the nanostructured multi-layer placed on top of the micro-sized CPW. By using Vectorial Network Analyzer (VNA) the Ferromagnetic Resonance (FMR) is investigated from the reflection (Sii) or transmission (Sij) coefficients of scattering parameters. An inversion model is finally used to extract the complex permeability spectrum of the thin-film in a large frequency range.

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17

Fu, Jia-Hui, Qun Wu, Kuang Zhang, Guo-Hui Yang, and Fan-Yi Meng. "The research of equivalent circuit of left-handed coplanar-waveguide transmission line element." Journal of Applied Physics 107, no. 9 (2010): 09A941. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3368112.

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18

Zheng, Long, Guangming Wang, and Lin Geng. "COMPACT COPLANAR WAVEGUIDE (CPW)-FED TUNABLE WIDEBAND RESONANT ANTENNAS USING METAMATERIAL TRANSMISSION LINE." Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters 40 (2013): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2528/pierl13032512.

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19

Mazdouri, Behnam, and S. Mohammad Hassan Javadzadeh. "Modelling of current distribution and nonlinearity in superconducting coplanar waveguide (CPW) transmission line." Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications 32, no. 11 (2018): 1354–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09205071.2018.1437081.

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20

Serrano, Enrique, Alejandro L. Borja, Luigi Boccia, et al. "SiGe BiCMOS balanced transmission line based on coplanar waveguide and split ring resonator." Radio Science 51, no. 6 (2016): 868–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2016rs006033.

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21

Han, Ke, Xubing Guo, Stewart Smith, Zhongliang Deng, and Wuyu Li. "Novel High-Capacitance-Ratio MEMS Switch: Design, Analysis and Performance Verification." Micromachines 9, no. 8 (2018): 390. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi9080390.

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This paper proposes a novel high-capacitance-ratio radio frequency micro-electromechanical systems (RF MEMS) switch. The proposed RF MEMS mainly consists of serpentine flexure MEMS metallic beam, comprised of coplanar waveguide (CPW) transmission line, dielectric and metal-insulator-metal (MIM) floating metallic membrane. Comparing the proposed high-capacitance-ratio MEMS switch with the ones in available literature, an acceptable insertion loss insulation, acceptable response time and high capacitance ratio (383.8) are achieved.

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22

Mary Sindhuja, N. M., and S. Kanthamani. "Three-Bit DMTL Phase Shifter for Phased Array Antennas." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 28, no. 07 (2019): 1950112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126619501123.

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RF MEMS phase shifter is a device that is used to modify the transmission phase of RF signal and provide signal control. Phase shifters are high-value components used in phased array antenna architectures. In phased array antenna the phase shifter is used to provide reliable electronic beam steering. The proposed 3-bit distributed MEMS transmission line (DMTL) phase shifter is designed using elevated coplanar waveguide (ECPW) transmission line for the first time, which results in better return loss of [Formula: see text]14.23[Formula: see text]dB and an average insertion loss of [Formula: see text]1.46[Formula: see text]dB. This paper discusses the development of ECPW-based 3-bit DMTL phase shifter designed to operate at 15[Formula: see text]GHz.

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23

Zhang, Jingjing, and Thomas Y. Hsiang. "Extraction of Subterahertz Transmission-line Parameters of Coplanar Waveguides." PIERS Online 3, no. 7 (2007): 1102–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2529/piers060912144405.

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24

Liu, Jie, Kai Zhang, Qiang Wu, Li Peng, Kai Yao, and Hu Liu. "Optimization and Design of Passive Link with Single Channel 25 Gbps Based on High-Speed Backplane." Electronics 10, no. 15 (2021): 1773. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10151773.

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In recent years, with the development of the communication industry, the need to use Ethernet switches to transmit big data has become more urgent, and its protocol standards are iterating towards higher return loss, wider bandwidth, lower impedance fluctuations and insertion loss. Based on the research of high-speed backplane with a single channel 25 Gbps transmission rate, a novel double grounded planar strip coplanar waveguide design is presented, which significantly improved return loss to 20 dB and reduced insertion loss, which meet the loss standard of 100GBASE-KR4. The resonant cavity model of transmission line reference plane is improved by introducing vias and the parameters of vias in the reference plane are studied to reduce the impact of resonance, which improved the transmission −1 dB bandwidth to 60 GHz. Based on equivalent circuit analysis of differential vias’ joint reverse pad, the parameters related to the differential vias are studied, the impedance fluctuation is reduced to 100 ± 3 Ω, which is 70% better than the impedance fluctuation standard (100 ± 10 Ω) of 100GBASE-KR4. After optimizing the mathematical model of strip coplanar waveguide, reference plane and differential vias, we built a simulation model of the backplane passive link which met the 100GBASE-KR4 backplane Ethernet specification. In the actual test, it was found that the optimized model can improve the link performance.

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25

Roelvink, J., S. Trabelsi, and S. O. Nelson. "Measuring the Complex Permittivity Tensor of Uniaxial Biological Materials With Coplanar Waveguide Transmission Line." IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters 24, no. 11 (2014): 811–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lmwc.2014.2352461.

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26

Hirose, T., K. Makiyama, K. Ono, et al. "A flip-chip MMIC design with coplanar waveguide transmission line in the W-band." IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 46, no. 12 (1998): 2276–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/22.739211.

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27

Soemphol, Chaiyong, and Niwat Angkawisittpan. "Coplanar waveguide-fed ultra-wideband antenna with WLAN band." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 21, no. 3 (2021): 1523–29. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v21.i3.pp1523-1529.

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A modified coplanar waveguide fed ultra-wideband antenna with extended transmission band to WLAN frequency is investigated. The proposed antenna consists of a modified semi-circular patch and staircase of ground plane. The prototype is constructed on a low cost FR4 substrate. The overall dimensions of proposed UWB antenna are 34 mm x 40 mm. The result has been shown that the proposed antenna archives low VSWR over transmission bandwidth from 2.10-12.7 GHz to cover both WLAN and UWB bands. The average gain is 3.87 dBi. It depicts nearly omni-directional radiation pattern like dipole antenna. Moreover, the fabricated prototype antenna shows a good agreement between the simulated and measured results. It is illustrated that our proposed technique is a good choice for designing any structure of microstrip antenna which appropriate to use for many wireless communication systems.

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28

Venkatesan, S., T. Sriram Murthy, A. Thirumala Rao, B. Gopi Krishna, and SK Mastan Vali. "A CPW Fed Slot Antenna with Triangular Serrated Stub." International Journal of Innovative Research in Computer Science and Technology 10, no. 1 (2022): 146–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.55524/ijircst.2022.10.1.27.

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This paper is aimed to focus on bandwidth enhancement of a slot antenna with coplanar waveguide feeding. The experimentation is performed on the general CPW structure which is having a signal conductor in the middle and two ground layers etched on either side of feed with some gap to allow a unique feature of uniplanar in construction. In this context, the study of a CPW transmission line discontinuity is applied to prepare a slot antenna and this is followed by the study of incorporating serrated shape in the structure.

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29

Yoon, Euy-Sik, Myoung-Jin Lee, and Ji-Chae Jung. "Frequency Characteristic Estimation of Ceramic Stem based TO Package using a Coplanar Waveguide Feed-line for 10 Gbps Data Transmission." Hankook Kwanghak Hoeji 18, no. 4 (2007): 235–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3807/hkh.2007.18.4.235.

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30

Soemphol, Chaiyong, and Niwat Angkawisittpan. "Coplanar waveguide-fed ultra-wideband antenna with WLAN band." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 21, no. 3 (2021): 1523. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v21.i3.pp1523-1529.

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<span>A coplanar waveguide</span><em></em><span>fed ultra-wideband antenna with extended transmission band to WLAN frequency is investigated. The proposed antenna consists of a modified </span><span>semi-</span><span>circular patch and staircase of ground plane. The prototype is fabricated on a low cost FR4 substrate with dielectric constant of 4.4</span><span> with thicknes of 0.8 mm. The overall dimensions of proposed UWB antenna are </span><span>34 mm x 40 mm. The simulation and experimental results have been shown that the proposed antenna archives low VSWR over transmission bandwidth from 2.10 - 12.7 GHz to cover both WLAN and UWB bands. The average gain is 3.87 dBi. It depicts nearly omni-directional radiation pattern like dipole antenna. Moreover, the fabricated prototype antenna shows a good agreement between the simulated and measured results</span>

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31

Pan, K. C., D. Brown, G. Subramanyam, et al. "A Reconfigurable Coplanar Waveguide Bowtie Antenna Using an Integrated Ferroelectric Thin-Film Varactor." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2012 (2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/249019.

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A novel printed antenna with a frequency reconfigurable feed network is presented. The antenna consists of a bowtie structure patch radiating element in the inner space of an annulus that is on a nongrounded substrate with a ferroelectric (FE) Barium Strontium Titanate (BST) thin film. The bowtie patch is fed by a coplanar waveguide (CPW) transmission line that also includes a CPW-based BST shunt varactor. Reconfiguration of the compact 8 mm × 8 mm system has been demonstrated by shifting the antenna system’s operating frequency 500 MHz in the 7–9 GHz band by applying a DC voltage bias.

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32

Carchon, G., W. De Raedt, and B. Nauwelaers. "Novel approach for a design-oriented measurement-based fully scalable coplanar waveguide transmission line model." IEE Proceedings - Microwaves, Antennas and Propagation 148, no. 4 (2001): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-map:20010544.

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33

Belenguer, Ángel, J. Cascon, A. L. Borja, H. Esteban, and V. E. Boria. "Dual Composite Right-/Left-Handed Coplanar Waveguide Transmission Line Using Inductively Connected Split-Ring Resonators." IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 60, no. 10 (2012): 3035–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmtt.2012.2210438.

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34

Harnsoongnoen, Supakorn, and Anuwat Wanthong. "Coplanar Waveguide Transmission Line Loaded With Electric-LC Resonator for Determination of Glucose Concentration Sensing." IEEE Sensors Journal 17, no. 6 (2017): 1635–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jsen.2017.2652121.

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35

Zhu, Jiangmiao, Zhaotong Wan, and Kejia Zhao. "Method to Change the Through-Hole Structure to Broaden Grounded Coplanar Waveguide Bandwidth." Sensors 23, no. 9 (2023): 4342. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23094342.

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A grounded coplanar waveguide (GCPW), as a millimeter wave special transmission line, can be used to calibrate broadband oscilloscope probes. A method to change the through-hole structure to widen the GCPW is investigated in this paper. The effect of the through-hole array on the band-width of the GCPW is investigated and verified using COMSOL Multiphysics simulation software. Finally, the S-parameters of the fabricated GCPWs are measured by a vector network analyzer, and the results show that they have an insertion loss > −3 dB and return loss < −10 dB in the frequency range of DC to 60 GHz, which satisfies the design requirements.

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36

S. Jalaja, Mrs, Dr V. Prithivirajan, K. Gajalakshimi, S. Chitra, and R. Nithya. "CPW based Band Pass Filter Using DGS for ISM Band Applications." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.34 (2018): 421. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.34.19340.

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The design and simulation of coplanar waveguide (CPW) bandpass filter (BPF) has been described in this paper. It mainly focuses on Defected Ground Structure (DGS), where U-shaped DGS with open stub in transmission line has been introduced. By etching the DGS pattern in ground and transmission will change the distribution of inductance and capacitance to produce filtering effect. This paper also discusses about the influence of geometrical parameter l for the improvement in the frequency response of bandpass filter. As increasing the dimension of the geometric parameter l shift the center frequency to the higher frequencies. This filter offers a bandwidth of 1.65 GHz with passband ranging from 2.1 GHz to 3.75 GHz with a stopband rejection is about -28 dB.

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Sajin, Gheorghe Ioan, Iulia Andreea Mocanu, and Marius Andrei Voicu. "Method of CRLH Antenna Impedance Measurement by Means of On-Wafer Characterization Equipment." Advances in Science and Technology 77 (September 2012): 253–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.77.253.

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The paper deals with a measurement method of the input impedance in the radiating section of a coplanar waveguide (CPW) Composite Right / Left-Handed (CRLH) antenna. In this respect were used the technical facilities offered by an on-wafer measurement equipment contacting the antenna feeding line. With appropriate formulas derived from the theory of the transmission lines, the resistive Rs and the reactive Xs parts of the CRLH radiating structure impedance Zs = Rs + jXs were found. The results for three antenna samples were: Zs1 (Ω) = 48.5326 - j×16.9639, Zs2 (Ω) = 48.6053 - j×16.8143 and Zs3 (Ω) = 48.1786 - j×16.3707. As it is normal, the reactive parts of the measured impedances are negative due to the CRLH line construction with series interdigital capacitors inducing left hand behavior.

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Sohn, Jaecheon, S. H. Han, Masahiro Yamaguchi, and S. H. Lim. "Electromagnetic noise suppression characteristics of a coplanar waveguide transmission line integrated with a magnetic thin film." Journal of Applied Physics 100, no. 12 (2006): 124510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2402478.

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Spiegel, S. J., and A. Madjar. "Impact of light illumination and passivation layer on silicon finite-ground coplanar-waveguide transmission-line properties." IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 48, no. 10 (2000): 1673–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/22.873894.

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Wei, ShengJun, and QuanYuan Feng. "An asymmetric coplanar waveguide (ACPW) resonant antenna based on the composite right/left-handed transmission line." Science China Information Sciences 56, no. 12 (2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11432-013-5027-y.

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41

Rauch, W., A. A. Valenzuela, G. Sölkner, et al. "Coplanar waveguide and epitaxial YBa2Cu3O7-x/NdAlO3/YBa2Cu3O7-x-trilayer transmission line resonators for microwave applications." Applied Superconductivity 1, no. 10-12 (1993): 1633–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0964-1807(93)90310-x.

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42

Rosas-Guevara, G., R. Murphy-Arteaga, and W. Moreno. "Small Antenna Based on MEMS and Metamaterial Properties for Reconfigurable Applications." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2013 (2013): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/498176.

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This paper presents the design of a novel, small coplanar antenna using microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and metamaterial (MTM) properties. The antenna is designed using coplanar waveguide (CPW) technology, presenting lower dielectric losses and higher signal integrity. The design method for this MEMS-MTM antenna, herein presented, is based on a composite right/left hand (CRLH) transmission Line (TL) using a mixed approach; considering the circuit model and full-wave simulations. The fabrication process is based on high-resistivity silicon wafers. The radiator has dimensions of0.017 λg×0.033 λgand a thickness of0.0116 λg, whereas the complete circuit, of 5 mm × 11 mm, is equivalent to0.14 λg×0.31 λg. The antenna is designed using MEMS parallel-plate capacitors as the radiator, which also allows for the reconfiguration of the central frequency by electrostatically varying the capacitance. The results presented here correspond to a central frequency of 8.4 GHz. Due to its small size, this antenna has a wide variety of applications in wireless circuits for different fields.

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Wang, Zhangjing, Yang Peng, and Yahua Ran. "Compact Triple-Band Antenna Employing Simplified MTLs for Wireless Applications." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2016 (2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2478156.

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A compact triple-band asymmetric coplanar waveguide- (ACPW-) fed antenna based on simplified metamaterial transmission lines (SMTLs) is proposed in this paper. The antenna consists of two SMTL unit cells of the same dimension. Three operating bands, which cover UMTS in the 1.76 GHz band and WLAN in the 5.2 GHz and 5.8 GHz, are achieved when the zeroth-order and first-positive-order modes appear. The characteristics of the proposed transmission line metamaterial structure are studied in detail by circuit analysis and dispersion analysis. The working mechanism and radiation performances of the antenna are examined and illustrated at the three operating bands, respectively. A prototype designed on FR4 substrate with dielectric constant 4.3 occupies an overall size of 12.55 × 22.7 × 1.6 mm3and is constructed and successfully measured.

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Xie, Shaoyi, Jiawei Li, Guangjian Deng, Jiaxin Feng, and Shaoqiu Xiao. "A Wide-Angle Scanning Leaky-Wave Antenna Based on a Composite Right/Left-Handed Transmission Line." Applied Sciences 10, no. 6 (2020): 1927. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10061927.

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This paper presents a frequency-independent, wide-angle scanning leaky-wave antenna (LWA), based on the composite right/left-handed transmission line (CRLH TL). The proposed LWA consists of a coplanar waveguide-grounded (CPWG) structure loaded by varactors. Loaded varactors are used to control the phase constant of the fundamental mode of the LWA by adjusting the applied DC voltage. The LWA has an excellent wide-angle scanning capability, a simple structure, and low cost. Results show that the main beam of an LWA with 20unit cells can scan from −66° to 62° at the operation frequency of3.0 GHz, with a peak gain of 9.9 dBi, and a gain fluctuation of less than 4.9 dB. The operation bandwidth and radiation efficiency are about 13% and over 50%, respectively. A 10-unit cascaded LWA prototype was designed, fabricated, and measured to verify the design concept.

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Coskun, Suleyman, Merih Yildiz, and Temel Sonmezocak. "Crosstalk Reduction Strategies on UCPW Transmission Lines Supported by Real Application Data: Experimental Analysis of Point Capacity." Applied Sciences 15, no. 7 (2025): 3589. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15073589.

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Crosstalk between transmission lines, primarily caused by capacitive coupling, is a major challenge in high-frequency electronic systems, leading to signal integrity degradation. This study investigates the effectiveness of capacitors placed between ground planes in ungrounded coplanar waveguide (UCPW) transmission lines fabricated on FR4 circuit boards. A vector network analyzer (VNA) was used to measure near-end crosstalk (S31) reduction, with improvements of up to −40 dB observed. Experiments were conducted on transmission lines of 100 mm and 200 mm lengths, demonstrating the impact of capacitor placement on mitigating interference. The results indicate that this method provides a scalable and practical approach to improving signal integrity in compact, high-density electronic designs. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of crosstalk mitigation strategies, offering valuable insights for applications in high-speed communication and RF circuit design. This work systematically analyzes the role of capacitor placement in reducing crosstalk, addressing a critical gap in the literature and paving the way for future advancements in transmission line optimization.

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Sim, Sung-min, Yeonsu Lee, Yong-Seok Lee, Yong-Kweon Kim, Ignacio Llamas-Garro, and Jung-Mu Kim. "A 50-100 GHz ohmic contact SPDT RF MEMS silicon switch with dual axis movement." Microelectronic Engineering 162 (August 1, 2016): 69–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mee.2016.05.008.

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We firstly show the prototype of an ohmic contact Single-Pole Double-Throw Radio Frequency Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (SPDT RF MEMS) switch operating at 50–100 GHz. The fabricated ohmic contact SPDT RF MEMS silicon switch moves both laterally and vertically, to improve the isolation at high frequencies by initially misaligning the contact part of the switch over a Coplanar Waveguide (CPW) transmission line. The lateral and vertical movement of the switch is operated by using comb and parallel plate actuators, respectively. The proposed switch was fabricated using Silicon-On-Glass (SiOG) bonding process. The insertion loss of the fabricated switch is measured according to the different operation states of the switch, in the range from 50 to 100 GHz. The fabricated length of the transmission line is 4.6 mm and the measured insertion loss and isolation are 9.13 dB and 24.37 dB at 70 GHz, respectively.

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Wagih, Mahmoud, Alex S. Weddell, and Steve Beeby. "Overcoming the Efficiency Barrier of Textile Antennas: A Transmission Lines Approach." Proceedings 32, no. 1 (2019): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019032018.

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Designing high-efficiency antennas on textiles is fundamental for the development of wirelessly-connected smart garments. Furthermore, large antenna arrays could be used to receive or harvest directional and ambient radio-frequency (RF) power from the environment, thus enabling battery-free e-textiles. The key challenges that are hindering the realisation of high efficiency antennas lie in the dielectric properties of fabrics, the conductivity of their traces, and their low textile thickness. This work numerically and experimentally analyses different RF transmission line structures to establish the limitations of widely utilised antenna designs, such as the microstrip patch, and proposes alternative wearable antenna design based on coplanar waveguide (CPW) structures. It is demonstrated that by using a CPW, insertion losses in a 20 mm line can be minimized by up to 40% for the same substrate, as compared to a microstrip, at 30 GHz. A CPW monopole antenna is demonstrated with more than 80% efficiency on a lossy, thin, poly-cotton substrate. Moreover, it is shown that the efficiency of the CPW monopole is independent of the substrate’s thickness and type of fabric.

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Gao, Muzhi, Gaoyang Zhu, Fanmin Kong, and Kang Li. "Graphene-based Terahertz closed-stopband composite right/left-handed leaky-wave antennas." E3S Web of Conferences 268 (2021): 01081. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126801081.

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A simple scheme for the realization of the terahertz (THz) fundamental-mode closed-stopband composite right/left-handed leaky-wave antennas (CRLH LWAs) is presented. The proposed CRLH LWAs are reconstructed by graphene-based coplanar waveguide (CPW) transmission line supercells. Their shunt inductances achieved by narrow graphene strips of two unit cell structures are halved. The CRLH LWAs are designed and confirmed by numerical simulations. They also exhibit frequency-scannable behaviors at THz with narrower bandwidth than that of the conventional graphene-based fundamental-mode CPW unit cell CRLH LWAs at THz without stopbands. Therefore, the proposed supercell CRLH LWAs could further improve the performance of the beam-steering antennas at THz.

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Dinh, Dang Nhu, Huynh Nguyen Bao Phuong, Dinh Thanh Liem, Hoang Phuong Chi, and Dao Ngoc Chien. "NOVEL COMPACT DUAL-BROADBAND PLANAR METAMATERIAL ANTENNA." Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology 55, no. 3 (2017): 334. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/2525-2518/55/3/8569.

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This paper proposes a novel uni-planar dual-band antenna using Composite Right Left Handed (CRLH) transmission line (CRLH-TL). Proposed antenna is designed based on the fringing effects of metamaterials and combined with coplanar waveguide (CPW) feeding in order to create two frequency bands for WLAN applications at the 2.4 and 5.5 GHz bands. Principle of gradual transform is applied to the antenna for extending the resonance frequency ranges. Optimized metamaterial antenna are fabricated and measured. Measurement results showed that the antenna operates in two broad frequency ranges spreading from 1.8 to 3.62 GHz and from 4.85 to 7.52 GHz with very compact overall dimensions of 18 mm × 16 mm (0,147 λ0 × 0.13λ0).

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Ba, Doudou, and Jean-Marie Lerat. "New Structure for High-Sensitivity Coaxial Thermal Power Sensor in the Frequency Range from DC–50 GHz." EPJ Web of Conferences 323 (2025): 12005. https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202532312005.

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This paper presents the design and development of a new thermal microwave power sensor for a frequency range spanning from DC to 50 GHz. The purpose of this new design is to propose a high-sensitivity thermoelectric power sensor suitable for microcalorimeter application that is a primary method of microwave power calibration. The core structure of the power sensor comprises a Grounded Coplanar Waveguide (GCPW) transmission line, two load resistors, a thermopile, and output pads for DC measurements. The optimized power sensor demonstrates promising simulation performance, with a return loss better than 20 dB across the frequency range and an efficiency exceeding 80%. At 50 GHz, the sensitivity of the power sensor reaches well over 0.240 mV/mW.

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