Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Copolymere silicium'
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Bousbiat, Essaid. "Detecteurs pyroelectriques sur polyvinylidene bifluore et copolymere, integres sur silicium : approche technologique de capteurs unitaires et matrices bidimensionnelles infrarouges." Toulouse, INSA, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ISAT0011.
Full textHe, Xiongwei. "Synthese et caracterisation d'un copolymere multisequence contenant des sequences cristalisables : etude de ses gels physiques." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986STR13321.
Full textBeconne, Jean-Paul. "Détecteurs pyroélectriques en copolymère intégrés sur silicium." Toulouse 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU30042.
Full textSPERRY, PASCAL. "Synthese et etude de nouveaux reseaux a forte densite de reticulation permeables a l'oxygene : application aux lentilles de contact." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989STR13100.
Full textArquier, Damien. "Nouvelle voie d'accès à des nanoparticules de silicium présentant des fonctions de surface et des propriétés de photoluminescence." Montpellier 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON20064.
Full textBöHME, Sophie. "Towards high-chi block copolymers at the industry scale : routes for a possible integration as a new nanostructuring technology." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAT109/document.
Full textThe increasing cost and complexity of processes needed to keep up with the ever increasing demand for more powerful processors in the IC industry, lead to smaller and smaller feature sizes. Photolithography, once the workhorse for nanostructuration, reaches now its physical limits in terms of resolution. Other, alternative methods have thus to be found in order to continue producing more efficient integrated circuits, while keeping the production costs at a reasonable level. The combination of conventional photolithography and directed self-assembly of block copolymers (BCP) seems to be one promising alternative. Block copolymers have the unique property to phase separate at the nanometer scale driven by the chemical incompatibility (described by the Flory-Huggins interaction parameter chi) of the blocks. This way, when brought onto a substrate, structures like spheres, cylinders or lamellar can be obtained and used as etching masks for nanostructuration. Probably the most used BCP is Polystyrene-b-Polymethylmethacrylate (PS-b-PMMA), which has been studied for over 20 years. PS-b-PMMA is a so called “low-chi” BCP and can reach feature sizes not smaller than 10 nm. The higher the incompatibility of the blocks (i.e. the higher the chi-value), the smaller the obtainable feature size. This thesis deals primarily with “high-chi” Polystyrene-b-Polydimethylsiloxane (PS-b-PDMS) block copolymers and evaluates its possible integration into IC industry. Processes are developed and optimized in view of their future application in industry. A common annealing method for “high-χ” block copolymers is solvent vapor annealing (SVA), where the BCP layer is exposed to solvent vapors. Solvent molecules swell then the BCP layer, increasing the mobility of polymer chains and allowing long range ordering of the features. Although this method is widely used, it has never been reported on large scale production lines, for example on 300 mm wafers. The SVA is a very complex process that is sensitive to the environment and uses often toxic solvents. During this thesis, mechanisms of solvent vapor annealing are studied and safe solvents that are compatible with industrial environment are studied. Furthermore alternative solutions for annealing high-chi BCPs without solvents are proposed. Blending the BCP with plasticizer molecules, for example, leads to rapid self-assembly with thermal annealing and the feasibility of this process was shown on 300 mm wafers.Pattern transfer etching is a problematic step in IC nanostructuring. The smaller the features, the higher the aspect ratio, the more challenging the etching process. Different plasma etching procedures, all typically used in industrial gate etching processes, are studied on PS-b-PDMS. Challenging silicon features of down to 10 nm and aspect ratios of up to 6:1 are obtained.Finally, a simple spin-coating process of metal-oxide inclusion on widespread PS-b-PMMA is introduced in which etch selectivity of the BCP is highly increased. PS-b-PMMA has the advantage of being studied by numerous research groups and the understanding of the BCP is very advanced. However, its etching quality for pattern transfer are very poor as to the poor etch selectivity between PS and PMMA. Complicated multiple-step etching processes, where wet etching and dry etching are alternated have to be performed in order to transfer the patterns satisfactorily. By introducing metal salts selectively in one of the blocks, the etch contrast is considerably enhanced and the pattern transfer can be obtained in one single step of dry etching
Bencheikh, Fatima. "Corrélation entre les propriétés optiques, la structure électronique et la morphologie des semi-conducteurs organiques pi-conjugués." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM4362.
Full textThe development of organic photovoltaic cell technology requires various skills related to the molecular engineering, interface engineering, controlling and characterizing the morphology of the films, device structure optimization and understanding of photophysics of the materials. In this context, the work presented in this thesis contributes to the understanding of the photophysical properties of π-conjugated organic materials and propose optical characterizations tools for probing the morphology of these materials. First, a rigorous methodology for determining refractive indices of organic films by ellipsometry has been proposed. The models used in ellipsometry have been chosen by taking into account the physical properties of π-conjugated organic materials which allow the determination of the electronic structure of fullerene derivatives (PC60BM and PC70BM). Secondly, we associated ellipsometric data to complementary measurements of absorbance and photoluminescence in the case of two copolymers (PTB7 and PTB7-Th) in films and solutions in order to isolate inter and intra-chain interactions. We have demonstrated that the photophysics of these copolymers differs from the P3HT. We have shown that even in solution in chlorobenzene, the PTB7 PTB7-Th aggregate strongly. These aggregates, H-type, break more easily in the chlorobenzene solutions based of PTB7-Th as in those based on PTB7
Brouty, Marie-Sophie. "Recherche de nouveaux catalyseurs acides supportés de type polyphénylsilsesquioxanes chlorés sulfonés greffés sur silices." Lyon 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO10135.
Full textCarlier, Eric. "Elaboration et caractérisation de catalyseurs par greffage de polymères fonctionnalisés sur silices poreuses : tests de l'activité catalytique." Lyon 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LYO10225.
Full textRenotte-Greco, Dominique. "Création et caractérisations de nouveaux ensimages greffés sur supports silices et fibres de carbone." Pau, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PAUU3008.
Full textAlves, Dalla Corte Daniel. "Effects of surface chemical treatment on silicon negative electrodes for lithium-ion batteries: an in situ infrared spectroscopic study." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/87/75/45/PDF/Daniel_PhD_X.pdf.
Full textSilicon represents an expressive gain in energy density for negative electrodes in Li-ion batteries. Reversible cycling and long term stability of silicon electrodes are both dependent of the passivation efficiency of the solid electrolyte interface (SEI) layer formed at the electrode surface. Surface and bulk phenomena of amorphous silicon were studied by in-situ FTIR spectroscopy during electrochemical cycling. Electrodes were prepared by thin-film deposition of hydrogenated amorphous silicon on ATR crystals, allowing for the measurements of electrode reactions in the original chemical environment. The results reveal a dynamic surface passivation layer which is intensively formed during the first lithiation, partially dissolved during delithiation and that grows continuously along the cycling life. Electrolyte components play a major role on the chemical composition of the SEI layer. Various electrode treatments were obtained by chemical and electrochemical grafting of different molecular layers on silicon surface. The results show that the silicon electrochemical performance is strongly affected by the chemical nature, chain size and covering ratio of the grafted species. Carboxyl-terminated monolayers represent an attractive functionalization for silicon electrodes due to their densely packed structure, strong covalent attachment to the active material and chemical similarity with typical SEI products. Such a surface treatment leads to a good anchoring support for the SEI, increasing its stability and improving silicon electrochemical performance. On the other hand, the use of plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition technique for preparing the amorphous silicon electrodes allow us to add carbon (as -CH3) to the silicon layer, with verified improvements in cycling performance. This methylated silicon material show improved electrochemical performances at same time as it develops a thicker SEI layer
Moineau, Johanne. "Dépôt d'organosilanes sur plaques de silicium oxyde sous forme de monocouches auto-organisées : Fonctionnalisation de surface et réactions post-greffage." Montpellier 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON20163.
Full textMigliorini, Sabrina. "Agents de couplage et surfaces modèles de silice suivi en infrarouge ATR du greffage d'organosilanes sur silicium oxydé." Montpellier 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON20035.
Full textLeroux, Denis. "Polystyrène sulfoné supporté sur silice poreuse : greffage et activité en catalyse acide." Lyon 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO10290.
Full textSouharce, Grégoire. "Génération de surface nanostructurées par le contrôle des interactions aux interfaces." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00845841.
Full textDoucoure, Abdoulaye. "Polymérisation plasma de monomères fluorocarbonés sur des membranes inorganiques macro et mésoporeuses pour des applications en perméation gazeuse." Montpellier 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MON20067.
Full textTran, Thanh Hien. "Couches minces copolymères plasma anti-buée élaboration et caratérisation : élaboration et caratérisation." Thesis, Le Mans, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LEMA1012/document.
Full textThe PhD work is focused on the deposition of a multilayer coating with an anti-fog top layer obtained thanks to the plasma copolymerization of hydrophilic and hydrophobic monomers and an intermediate barrier layer, also obtained by plasma deposition on polycarbonate. The work is divided into 3 parts: the independently preparations of the two monolayers, barrier and anti-fogging ones, then the barrier-antifog multilayer deposition. The characterization of the thin films obtained is based on Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy.The barrier plasma-layer is issued from by the mixture of dioxygen and one of these three organosilicon precursors : hexamethyledisiloxane ; 2,4,6,8-tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane ; triethoxyfluorosilane. The influence of the plasma conditions such as discharge power, monomer/dioxygen ratio, deposition duration on the chemical structure and the hydrophobicity of the different types of the organosilicon layers was studied. The results of permeation with liquid water or dioxygen show that the barrier property of the organosilicon layer is more efficient than that of the fluorinated layer. Anti-fog plasma-copolymer is synthetized from two hydrophilic and hydrophobic precursors deposited by pulsed plasma mode. The precursors such as 2-(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate and acrylic acid were selected for the hydrophilic part while the 1H, 1H, 2H-perfluoro-1-decene will be associated to the oleophobic part. The dependence of the chemical structure and the morphology of the anti-fog layers is studied according to the hydrophilic/oleophobic distribution and the deposition time
Carlier, Julien. "Développement technologique de composants microfluidiques intégrés à base de résine SU-8 : application à l'analyse de protéines par spectrométrie de masse." Lille 1, 2004. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2004/50376-2004-147.pdf.
Full textUn nouveau type de source a été développé au sein de l'équipe 'Microfluidique' à partir de la résine SU-8 dont les caractéristiques intéressantes permettent en particulier de réaliser des structures suspendues. Ces sources, testées en spectrométrie de masse, se sont révélées aussi efficaces que les sources commerciales. Couplées à des microcanaux dans un microsystème, elles ont permis d'alimenter un spectromètre de masse avec des débits aussi bas que 100 nL. Min-1 Avec cette technologie, il doit être possible d'intégrer différentes fonctions de prétraitement de l'échantillon au sein de microcanaux fonctionnalisés ainsi que la source ESI réalisée. La filière technologique développée permet aussi le dépôt de différents matériaux comme les métaux et le Téflon®. Nous montrons ainsi la possibilité de réalisations de composants microfluidiques comme des valves thermoactivables et un échantillonneur microfluidique. Nous espérons ainsi exploiter la flexibilité d'une technologie multi-matériaux pour regrouper des composants variés qui mettent en œuvre plusieurs effets physico-chimiques
Realista, Coelho Dos Santos Pedrosa Catarina. "Nanotopographies bioactives pour le contrôle de la différenciation des cellules souches mésenchymateuses pour des applications en ingénierie de tissu osseux." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0319/document.
Full textNanotopography with length scales of the order of extracellular matrix elements offers the possibility of regulating cell behavior. Investigation of the impact of nanotopography on cell response has been limited by inability to precisely control geometries, especially at high spatial resolutions, and across practically large areas. This work allowed the fabrication of well-controlled and periodic nanopillar arrays of silicon to investigate their impact on osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). Silicon nanopillar arrays with critical dimensions in the range of 40-200 nm, exhibiting standard deviations below 15% across full wafers were realized using self-assembly of block copolymer colloids. To investigate if modifications of surface chemistry could further improve the modulation of hMSC differentiation, mimetic peptides were grafted on the fabricated nanoarrays. A peptide known for its ability to ameliorate cell adhesion (RGD peptide), a synthetic peptide able to enhance osteogenesis (BMP-2 mimetic peptide), and a combination or both molecules were covalently grafted on the nanostructures.Immunofluorescence and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) measurements reveal clear dependence of osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs on the diameter and periodicity of the arrays. Moreover, the differentiation of hMSCs was found to be dependent on the age of the donor. Surface functionalization allowed additional enhancement of the expression of osteogenic markers, in particular when RGD peptide and BMP-2 mimetic peptide were co-immobilized. These findings can contribute for the development of personalized treatments of bone diseases, namely novel implant nanostructuring depending on patient age
Etienne, Mathieu. "Approches analytique et électrochimique du comportement en solution de silices mésoporeuses organiquement modifiées." Nancy 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NAN10192.
Full textOsei-Agyemang, Eric. "Modeling reactivity and functionalization of ZrC/ZrO2 surfaces and interfaces en-route to synthesis of ZrC/SiC nanocomposites." Thesis, Lille 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL10195/document.
Full textZrC is a non-oxide ceramic applied in the nuclear and aerospace industries but the excellent mechanical and physical properties are hampered by formation of low refractory oxides at temperatures of 500-600 oC. A need exists for coating the surface with other materials like SiC. Density functional theory (DFT) combined with thermodynamic modelling was used for this study. Stabilities of the various low index surfaces of ZrC are studied to determine the appropriate surfaces for coating with SiC. A preliminary study of reactivity of small inorganic molecules such as H2O, O2, and H2 is carried out. The properties of ZrC surfaces towards oxidation is then studied to develop proper models and understanding of the different types of oxide layers exhibited at real oxidizing conditions. Several experimental techniques were combined with the theoretical studies to analyse the oxide layers formed on ZrC surfaces. Mechanical and thermodynamic models were developed to characterize the interface formed between ZrC surfaces and the oxide layer. Functionalization of ZrC was finally carried out on the exposed facets of the oxidized ZrC. The functionalized surfaces were first grafted with 3-bromo propyne and allyl(chloro)dimethylsilane followed by hydrosilylation from diphenylsilane and 1,4-diethylnylbenzene (these two monomers form a polymer macromolecule). The resulting particles are finally subjected to laser pyrolysis to yield the resulting ZrC/SiC core/shell nanocomposites. The use of H2O as functionalizing group however did not yield grafted polymer units and hence a dual functional group organic molecule (3-butenoic acid) was used to yield the desired ZrC/SiC nanocomposites
Milani, Roberto. "Matériaux à base de phosphazènes chlorés pour la fonctionnalisation de surface, la synthèse de précurseurs monomères et la chimie supramoléculaire." Thesis, Lille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL10013/document.
Full textTo the research described in this thesis two principal topics of studies have been performed: - the use ofhexachlorocyc1otriphosphazene (HCCP) and poly(dichlorophosphazène) (PDCP) as coupling agents for the surface functionalization of solid substrates (inorganic materials containing organic silicon and polymerie materials), - The synthesis of phosphazenic compounds as new materials exhibiting the supramolecular structures
Rahma, Hakim. "Synthèse de nanofilms à greffons dendritiques pour l’immobilisation de biomolécules." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR14593/document.
Full textBiofunctionalization of silica surfaces represents a crucial step for many applications in biotechnology such as biosensing and bioseparation. Monitoring the surface modification of the materials supports can improve their performances for the recognition of biological species. In this work, we have developed functional dendritic organosilanes of first and second generation for chemical modification of surfaces. These dendritic organosilanes RSiX3 (X = Cl or OMe3 or OEt3) were covalently grafted on planar silica or on core-shell superparamagnetic nanoparticles surfaces (gamma-Fe2O3/SiO2). The grafted surfaces were analyzed by AFM and TEM. They were also characterized by Infrared, contact angle and zetametry. These modified surfaces by dendritic molecules have shown high ability to immobilize biological molecules such as protein A or rabbit antibodies
Agraffeil, Claire. "Etude de l'auto-organisation des copolymères à blocs pour la réalisation de nanofils slicium." Phd thesis, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00685630.
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