Academic literature on the topic 'Copper Antimony Sulfide'

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Journal articles on the topic "Copper Antimony Sulfide"

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Sarswat, Prashant K., and Michael L. Free. "Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Response from Copper Antimony Zinc Sulfide Thin Films on Transparent Conducting Electrode." International Journal of Photoenergy 2013 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/154694.

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Copper antimony sulfide (CAS) is a relatively new class of sustainable absorber material, utilizing cost effective and abundant elements. Band gap engineered, modified CAS thin films were synthesized using electrodeposition and elevated temperature sulfurization approach. A testing analog of copper zinc antimony sulfide (CZAS) film-electrolyte interface was created in order to evaluate photoelectrochemical performance of the thin film of absorber materials. Eu3+/Eu2+redox couple was selected for this purpose, based on its relative band offset with copper antimony sulfide. It was observed that zinc has a significant effect on CAS film properties. An enhanced photocurrent was observed for CAS film, modified with zinc addition. A detailed investigation has been carried out by changing stoichiometry, and corresponding surface and optical characterization results have been evaluated. A summary of favorable processing parameters of the films showing enhanced photoelectrochemical response is presented.
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Solozhenkin, Petr M. "Technology of Dry Wastes Processing of Sorption and Solutions of Antimony Chlorides." Transbaikal State University Journal 30, no. 1 (2024): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.21209/2227-9245-2024-30-1-73-80.

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Reducing the loss of valuable components during the processing of complex gold-antimony ores, increasing the extraction of antimony during the flotation of sulfide minerals, is an urgent scientific problem. The aim of the study is to maximize the extraction of gold and antimony from dry sorption waste after gold cyanidation, and to improve the reagent regime of the antimony mineral flotation process. Research objectives are as follows: evaluation of the technology efficiency for processing dry sorption waste; extraction of gold from the cake of acidic leaching of antimony; production of various antimony-containing products from solutions of antimony chlorides; study of the possibility of replacing lead with a mixture of zinc and copper cations to hydrophobize the surface of antimony sulfide minerals during flotation. The object of the research is man-made and natural mineral raw materials containing gold and antimony. The following research methodology and methods are used: information analysis, evaluation of existing scientific developments, methods of theoretical and experimental research. A new technological solution has been proposed: acidic (a mixture of hydrochloric acid and hydrogen hydroxide) hydrometallurgical technology for processing dry sorption waste in order to extract gold and antimony. Acid treatment makes it possible to completely transfer antimony into solution, significantly improves the quality of the cake for subsequent cyanidation and gold extraction, reduces the volume of material for processing by cyanidation, and simplifies cyanidation technology. Sb2S3 activation and the possibility of lead (Pb(NO3) replacement have been studied 2) a mixture of zinc and copper (ZnSO4 and CuSO4) during the flotation of antimony ores from the Khipkoshinsky deposit in the Transbaikal Region. This has made it possible to create favorable conditions for interaction with xanthogenate and hydrophobize the surface of sulfide minerals. Theoretically, hydrogen sulfide substitutes such as NaCNS, KCNS, CuCNS for use in the flotation process were evaluated.
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Vinayakumar, V., S. Shaji, D. Avellaneda, J. A. Aguilar-Martínez, and B. Krishnan. "Copper antimony sulfide thin films for visible to near infrared photodetector applications." RSC Advances 8, no. 54 (2018): 31055–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ra05662e.

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Wang, Wei, Zheng Xu, Song Tao Huang, et al. "Characteristics Research and Selective Leaching of Anode Slime with High Content of Copper and Stannum." Advanced Materials Research 1010-1012 (August 2014): 1594–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1010-1012.1594.

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The anode slime comes from the process of scrap copper electrolysis which contains high content of copper, stannum and some other metals, such as lead, antimony and precious metals. The result of particle size distribution showed that copper exist in large particle-size parts more than in small ones, while most of stannum concentrate in small particle ones. XRD and MLA were employed to characterize the anode slime. Copper is occurrence in copper sulfide, while stannum is in stannic oxide. Selective leaching by using hydrochloric acid has been conducted based on initial analysis. 97.86% of antimony, 96.24% of stannum and 93.68% of lead were leached. 82.5% of copper remained in the residue. Copper can be separated with antimony, Stannum and lead effectively.
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Zhang, Feng, Keqiang Chen, Xiantao Jiang, et al. "Nonlinear optical absorption and ultrafast carrier dynamics of copper antimony sulfide semiconductor nanocrystals." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 6, no. 33 (2018): 8977–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8tc01606b.

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Ternary copper antimony sulfide nanocrystals (CAS NCs), a promising solar cell candidate, have been proposed and investigated from the perspective of nonlinear optical response and ultrafast photoinduced carrier dynamics.
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Rylnikova, Marina, Viktor Fedotenko, and Natalia Mitishova. "Influence of structural and textural features of ores and rocks on mine dust explosion hazard during development of pyrite deposits." E3S Web of Conferences 192 (2020): 03017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019203017.

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In the practice of mining works, sulfide-dust explosions often occur during underground development of pyrite ore deposits: copper-zinc, lead-zinc, copper-nickel, antimony, and others. This makes it necessary to conduct researches aimed at improvement of methods for studying the explosive properties of sulfide dust and development of industrial and environmental safety requirements for mining operations. Currently, there is no generally accepted state-approved regulatory procedure for assessment of sulfide dust explosion hazards during underground mining operations in Russia. Assessment of the type and concentration of mine sulfide dust in the underground mine atmosphere is vitally important for solving this problem. In practice, ores even with a sulfur content of less than 35% can constitute a sulfide dust explosion hazard, although mine dust with a sulfur content of less than 35% does not explode in laboratory conditions. To identify the cause of this phenomenon and develop technical solutions for ensuring safety of underground mining operations, change in the sulfur content of various mine dust fractions obtained from primary disintegration of sulfides was studied.
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Zou, Yu, and Jiang Jiang. "Colloidal synthesis of chalcostibite copper antimony sulfide nanocrystals." Materials Letters 123 (May 2014): 66–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2014.02.069.

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Xu, Dongying, Shuling Shen, Yejun Zhang, Hongwei Gu, and Qiangbin Wang. "Selective Synthesis of Ternary Copper–Antimony Sulfide Nanocrystals." Inorganic Chemistry 52, no. 22 (2013): 12958–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic401291a.

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Zeng, Qiang, Yunxiang Di, Chun Huang, et al. "Famatinite Cu3SbS4 nanocrystals as hole transporting material for efficient perovskite solar cells." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 6, no. 30 (2018): 7989–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8tc02133c.

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Rath, Thomas, Andrew J. MacLachlan, Michael D. Brown, and Saif A. Haque. "Structural, optical and charge generation properties of chalcostibite and tetrahedrite copper antimony sulfide thin films prepared from metal xanthates." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 3, no. 47 (2015): 24155–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ta05777a.

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Chalcostibite and tetrahedrite thin films are prepared from solution on mesoporous TiO<sub>2</sub> layers and photoinduced generation of long-lived charges is detected in these TiO<sub>2</sub>/copper antimony sulfide heterojunctions.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Copper Antimony Sulfide"

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Mao, Baodong. "Synthesis and Property Characterization of Novel Ternary Semiconductor Nanomaterials." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1334065821.

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Lemoine, Pascale. "Combinaisons ternaires soufrées formées par l'europium et un second métal : exemples de dérivés de l'europium à valence mixte; synthèse, structures et propriétés physiques." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066416.

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L'études des combinaisons ternaires soufrées formées par l'europium et un second métal conduit dans de nombreux cas a des composes qui ne contiennent que de l'europium divalent, tels que Eu3Sb4S9, EuLn2S4 (Ln: Dy—Lu, Y) et Eu1,1Bi2S4. . Dans ces trois composes Eu (ii) présente un environnement 8-prismatique et le second métal, un environnement octaédrique. Dans Eu3Sb4S9, le doublet 5s2 non-engagé de Sb (iii) crée de larges tunnels au sein de la structure. Les composés EuLn2S4 ont une structure de type CaFe2O4. Le réseau du composé Eu1, 1Bi2S4 contient de larges canaux partiellement occupés par des atomes d'europium divalent d'environnement 9-prismatique. Dans quelques cas, lorsque le second métal est susceptible de stabiliser partiellement la valence iii de l'europium, des composés à valence mixte sont obtenus, tels Eu2BiS4 et Eu2CuS3 qui contiennent les deux valences de l'europium, mais de façon différenciée par des sites cristallographiques distincts. Dans Eu2BiS4, Eu(ii) a un environnement 7-prismatique, Eu (iii), 7-octaedrique et Bi (iii), octaédrique. Dans Eu2CuS3, Eu (ii) a un environnement 8-prismatique, Eu(iii), octaédrique et Cu (i),tétraédrique. Dans ces deux composés, il existe des feuillets perpendiculaires à l'axe b, de formule Eurs(3) (r = Cu ou Bi). Tous ces composés sont paramagnétiques et semi-conducteurs. Cette étude met en évidence la stabilité de l'état divalent de l'europium dans les sulfures et la nécessité pour obtenir des composes à valeur mixte ou intermédiaire de l'europium, de modifier les conditions d'études, telles que la température et la pression.
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Book chapters on the topic "Copper Antimony Sulfide"

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O'Hara, Patrick F. "Geochemistry of Early Proterozoic Felsic Volcanic Rocks Associated With Gold Mineralization at the Bell Ranch Prospect, Yavapai County, Arizona." In Proterozoic Ore Deposits of the Southwestern U.S. Society of Economic Geologists, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.5382/gb.01.24.

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Abstract During 1983, one hundred-sixteen samples were collected at the Bell Ranch prospect and analyzed for major elements plus zirconium, gold, silver, arsenic, antimony, mercury, copper, lead, and zinc. Thirty-eight samples were collected from rocks interpreted to have a felsic volcanic protolith. These geochemical data are part of a regional study of Early Proterozoic hydrothermal systems associated with strata-bound mineralization. The regional study includes lithologic and alteration mapping as well as analysis of more than 1,300 geochemical samples from eleven properties. The original purpose of the study was to classify polymetallic massive sulfide types empirically and to derive generative models of the hydrothermal-geological environment associated with mineralization. During 1983, two gold-bearing, base-metal-poor hydrothermal systems were included in the database.
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"antimony copper sulfid(e) (US)." In Dictionary Geotechnical Engineering/Wörterbuch GeoTechnik. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41714-6_12190.

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Wothers, Peter. "The Salt Makers." In Antimony, Gold, and Jupiter's Wolf. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199652723.003.0013.

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This chapter looks at the elements from the penultimate group of the periodic table—the halogens (‘salt-formers’). We shall see that the first of these elements was discovered by Scheele during his investigations of the mineral pyrolusite. Lavoisier knew of the element but he failed to recognize it as such since he was convinced the gas had to contain oxygen and so must be a compound. It was left to Davy to prove that this was not so, which led to the English chemist naming this element that had been discovered (but not properly named) over thirty years before by the great Scheele. Davy’s choice was to influence the names given to all the members of this group, including the most recent member named in 2016. There are three common acids known as mineral acids, since they may all be obtained by heating combinations of certain minerals. Their modern names are nitric acid, sulfuric acid, and hydrochloric acid. Of these three, hydrochloric was probably the last to be discovered. Nitric and sulfuric acids were obtained in the thirteenth or early fourteenth centuries, but the earliest unambiguous preparation of relatively pure hydrochloric acid is from a hundred years later, in a manuscript from Bologna which translates as Secrets for Colour. It gives a curious recipe for a water to soften bones: ‘Take common salt and Roman vitriol in equal quantities, and grind them very well together; then distil them through an alembic, and keep the distilled water in a vessel well closed.’ As we saw in Chapter 3, ‘Roman vitriol’ is a hydrated metal sulfate, probably iron or copper sulfate; its mixture with salt, when heated, produces water and hydrogen chloride, which together form the acid solution. Later texts from the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries include similar methods to prepare this so-called spirit of salt, or ‘oyle of salt’. The first mentioned use, to soften bones, is indeed best achieved with hydrochloric acid, which readily dissolves the minerals from bone to leave only the organic matter largely intact. Leave a chicken bone in dilute hydrochloric acid for a few hours, and it may easily be bent without breaking.
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Conference papers on the topic "Copper Antimony Sulfide"

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Kumar, YB Kishore, Kiran Yb, Hariprasad Tarigonda, and Surya Sekhar Reddy M. "Preparation of Copper Antimony Sulfide Thin Film Solar Cells by Chemical Synthesis." In Advances in Design, Materials, Manufacturing and Surface Engineering for Mobility (ADMMS’25). SAE International, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4271/2025-28-0117.

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&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Copper Antimony Sulfide (CuSbS&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) is a promising ternary semiconductor for use as an absorber layer in third-generation thin film heterojunction solar cells. This newly developed optoelectronic material offers a viable alternative to cadmium telluride (CdTe) and copper indium gallium di-selenide (Cu(In,Ga)Se&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) due to its composition of inexpensive, readily available, and non-toxic elements. These films were successfully produced at an optimal substrate temperature of 533 K using the conventional spray technique. X-ray diffraction and Raman studies confirm that the films exhibit a chalcostibite structure. Characterization studies reveal that the films possess lattice parameters of a = 0.60 nm, b = 0.38 nm, and c = 1.45 nm, with an absorption coefficient of 10&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt; cm&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; and a band gap of 1.50 eV. Notably, the films exhibit p-type conductivity. All of these studies confirm that CuSbS&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is an excellent choice for the absorber layer in solar cell applications. An attempt was made in this study to improve the crystallinity of the CuSbS&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; films by different experimental conditions. (i) CuSbS&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; films have been fabricated using two different carrier gases (air and nitrogen) via chemical spray pyrolytic technique. (ii) To enhance the crystallinity of these films, spray pyrolytic films have been kept on the hot plate at optimal substrate temperature for about 15 minutes. Subsequently, a CuSbS&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; solar cell is developed entirely through the non-vacuum method. The absorber layer is fabricated by using the spray pyrolytic method. A n-CdS buffer layer is successfully deposited via the chemical bath technique. The cell’s efficiency increased from 0.488% to 0.54% when the absorber layer in the solar cell was left on hot substrates for about 15 minutes following the pyrolytic reaction. The study discusses how these techniques contribute to improving the efficiency of the solar cell parameters.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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Taskinen, P., and D. Lindberg. "Challenges facing non-ferrous metal production." In 12th International Conference of Molten Slags, Fluxes and Salts (MOLTEN 2024) Proceedings. Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy (AusIMM), 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.62053/vtjd2567.

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The increase in metals demand in the electrifying globe means significant growth in the smelting of copper, nickel, zinc, and lead, produced from primary sulfide sources or using sulfide mattes as the intermediates of the process chains. This means that leaner and complex mineral deposits will be evaluated as ores and are in the future traded in the commodity market for smelting and refining to pure metals. An important issue in the trend is the technology metals, like antimony, tellurium, and gallium, which exist as trace elements in sulfide ores and form no ores of their own. Their recovery becomes important in the coming decades as will be the case with growing slag amounts without use in other industries. The key is to produce environmentally acceptable slags in the smelting operations. It sets new boundary conditions to the treatment of flue dusts. This means that all material streams of smelting and refining must be re-evaluated for the deportments of the main and minority metals. In copper smelting, the recoveries of precious metals are today important for the feasibility of the custom smelters but due to low prices of many minority metals they are discarded in slag landfills. It is one of the emerging issues also in the secondary copper smelting today and once the demand grows, the same question will be faced also in the mining-beneficiation-smelting-refining chain of the primary production of nickel, zinc, and lead. The distributions of many technology metals in the copper and nickel smelting have been recently studied using methods where the chemically bound trace elements in the slag and its phases at the smelting conditions have been studied. Thus, the key data about options for process modifications and additional processing steps are piling up. Short processing routes in the metals smelting and refining are attractive due to their simplicity. At the same time, complexity of many raw materials challenges the fluxing at high oxygen partial pressures in low silica slags with high metal concentrations. The compromise between high primary recovery and safe operation is a demanding task in conditions where slag foaming outside the processing window is evident. The increase in the demand of pure nickel is challenging the raw material basis where low-grade sulfide ores are soon smelted along with nickel laterites to matte. It is a demanding task at high MgO concentrations. The low solubility of MgO in iron silicate slags requires new fluxing strategies and new smelting end points for the operation at reasonable temperatures; the direct nickel matte smelting in one-matte mode may be an option.
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Hu, X., L. Sundqvist Ökvist, and J. Björkvall. "Electrolytic reduction of metal sulfides/oxides in molten salts for sustainable metal production." In 12th International Conference of Molten Slags, Fluxes and Salts (MOLTEN 2024) Proceedings. Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy (AusIMM), 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.62053/unyj2040.

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The metal production industry is a significant contributor to global CO2 emissions due to the use of fossil fuels such as coal and coke. To mitigate these emissions and meet climate goals, innovative and sustainable technologies are required. Molten salt electrolysis is a promising technology that directly produces metals from their precursor sulfides or oxides using electricity. When combined with renewable electricity and an inert anode, the electrolysis process can be carbon neutral. This paper presents the results of two pilot-scale studies on the electrolytic reduction of metal oxides and sulfides in molten salts. The first study focuses on the electrolytic reduction of chalcopyrite in molten NaCl-KCl salt. The results demonstrate that in situ separation of copper, iron, and sulfur is possible, enabling the extraction of all valuable elements without CO2 emissions. Furthermore, the findings underscore the capability to eliminate impurities like zinc, antimony, arsenic, and mercury from the electrolysis product. The second study investigates the electrolytic reduction of pure/synthetic chemicals of wüstite, hematite, and magnetite, as well as a magnetite-type iron ore in molten NaOH salt. The findings reveal a stepwise reduction of iron oxides from high valence to low valence, ultimately leading to the production of metallic iron electrolytically. Notably, this study underscores the challenges associated with the selection of an economically viable and durable inert anode material for efficient oxygen generation. These results indicate that molten salt electrolysis provides a sustainable and green route for base metal production. The use of this technology has the potential to significantly reduce CO2 emissions in the metal production industry, contributing to achieving climate goals.
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McConnell, D. R. "Prospects for Marine Minerals in the US Pacific OCS and EEZ." In Offshore Technology Conference. OTC, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/35266-ms.

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Abstract The seafloor in the US Pacific OCS and EEZ is enriched to varying degrees in critical and economically important minerals such as nickel, manganese, cobalt, copper, zinc, REY (rare earth elements plus yttrium), titanium, vanadium, antimony, gold, and silver. These mineral deposits take the form of polymetallic nodules on the seabed, cobalt rich ferromanganese crusts on seamounts and ridges swept clean of sediment accumulation, and seafloor massive sulfides formed by hydrothermal systems at geologic plate spreading centers and volcanic margins. Each of these mineral deposits form on or near the deep ocean seafloor where water depths are typically 4000 m to 5500 m and on the seamounts and volcanic arcs that rise from these depths. Commercial interest in deep sea mineral deposits and the potential for collecting or mining them began in earnest in the 1970s but has been heightened in the last 20 years as the international framework for developing these minerals in International Waters has matured that has coincided with forecasted rapid rising demand for minerals to supply energy and manufacturing needs for the green economy. Compilation reports published by academia, government, and private companies are reviewed to assemble data and assess the prospects for deep sea marine minerals in the US Pacific OCS and EEZ. Key compilations were made by the Circum-Pacific Council and USGS in the 1980s and 1990s. These, together with recent (2023) efforts by USGS to compile geochemical data from USGS affiliated marine research sampling cruises from the 1980s and 1990s, historical data maintained by NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), and recent publicly disclosed results from ISA contractors are used to inform the known occurrence and prospectivity for polymetallic nodules, cobalt-rich ferromanganese crusts, and seafloor massive sulfides in the US Pacific OCS and EEZ.
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