Relevant bibliographies by topics / Copper sources

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Copper sources'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 7 June 2025
Last updated: 2 August 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Copper sources"

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Boyd, Stefanie D., Morgan S. Ullrich, Amelie Skopp, and Duane D. Winkler. "Copper Sources for Sod1 Activation." Antioxidants 9, no. 6 (2020): 500. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox9060500.

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Copper ions (i.e., copper) are a critical part of several cellular processes, but tight regulation of copper levels and trafficking are required to keep the cell protected from this highly reactive transition metal. Cu, Zn superoxide dismutase (Sod1) protects the cell from the accumulation of radical oxygen species by way of the redox cycling activity of copper in its catalytic center. Multiple posttranslational modification events, including copper incorporation, are reliant on the copper chaperone for Sod1 (Ccs). The high-affinity copper uptake protein (Ctr1) is the main entry point of coppe
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Rabiansky, P. A., L. R. McDowell, J. Velasquez-Pereira, et al. "Evaluating Copper Lysine and Copper Sulfate Sources for Heifers." Journal of Dairy Science 82, no. 12 (1999): 2642–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(99)75521-9.

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Cromwell, G. L., M. D. Lindemann, H. J. Monegue, D. D. Hall, and D. E. Orr. "Tribasic copper chloride and copper sulfate as copper sources for weanling pigs." Journal of Animal Science 76, no. 1 (1998): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/1998.761118x.

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Gale, N. H., Z. A. Stos-Gale, and G. R. Gilmore. "Alloy Types and Copper Sources of Anatolian Copper Alloy Artifacts." Anatolian Studies 35 (December 1985): 143–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3642880.

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Few will doubt that in the East Mediterranean world and in the Near East the development of metallurgy was an important factor (though certainly not the only one) in the evolution of socio-economic organization in the Late Chalcolithic and especially in the Early and Late Bronze Age. The availability of silver, lead and gold added markedly to the possibilities of the acquisition of prestigious objects by the few, to developments in the concept of wealth and in the development of hierarchical societies. The availability of copper, arsenical copper, and later, tin bronze made possible the produc
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Panagos, Panos, Cristiano Ballabio, Emanuele Lugato, et al. "Potential Sources of Anthropogenic Copper Inputs to European Agricultural Soils." Sustainability 10, no. 7 (2018): 2380. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10072380.

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In the European Union (EU), copper concentration in agricultural soil stems from anthropogenic activities and natural sources (soil and geology). This manuscript reports a statistical comparison of copper concentrations at different levels of administrative units, with a focus on agricultural areas. Anthropogenic sources of diffuse copper contamination include fungicidal treatments, liquid manure (mainly from pigs), sewage sludge, atmospheric deposition, mining activities, local industrial contamination and particles from car brakes. Sales of fungicides in the EU are around 158,000 tonnes annu
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Eremina, Natalya V., Natalia V. Bulina, Mikhail A. Mikhailenko, Olga B. Vinokurova, Igor Y. Prosanov, and Marina V. Chaikina. "Cu-Substituted Hydroxyapatite Powder: Mechanochemical Synthesis Using Different Copper Sources and Thermal Stability." Powders 2, no. 4 (2023): 678–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/powders2040042.

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In this paper, we present results of a study on the possibilities of the mechanochemical synthesis of copper-substituted hydroxyapatite with the replacement of calcium cations by copper cations. During the synthesis, various reagents—sources of copper cations—were used. It was found that the nature of the carrier of the doping cation plays an important role in the formation of the structure of Cu-substituted apatite. It was established that a single-phase material forms most efficiently when copper (II) phosphate is employed; however, even this reagent did not allow the introduction of a large
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Levine, Mary Ann. "Determining geologic sources of artifact copper: Source characterization using trace element patterns." Geoarchaeology 17, no. 6 (2002): 625–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/gea.10033.

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WITTENBERG, K. M., R. J. BOILA, and M. A. SHARIFF. "COMPARISON OF COPPER SULFATE AND COPPER PROTEINATE AS COPPER SOURCES FOR COPPER-DEPLETED STEERS FED HIGH MOLYBDENUM DIETS." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 70, no. 3 (1990): 895–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas90-108.

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Copper (Cu) depleted steers were used to compare copper sulfate and copper proteinate as Cu sources for cattle consuming high molybdenum diets. Two experiments utilizing corn silage and barley concentrate diets with 10 mg added Mo kg−1 DM were undertaken. Experiment A was a 105-d study in which an 83:17 ratio of silage to concentrate was fed, whereas, experiment B was an 84-d study comparing the same Cu treatments for cattle fed a 26:74 (Low) or a 64:36 (High) ratio of silage to concentrate. Cu treatments for both experiments were: no supplemental Cu (0Cu); a dietary supplement of 10 mg Cu kg−
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Tschopp, M. A., and D. L. McDowell. "Grain boundary dislocation sources in nanocrystalline copper." Scripta Materialia 58, no. 4 (2008): 299–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2007.10.010.

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MITA, Mamoru. "Plating Characteristics of Vapor Deposited Copper Film Using High Purity Copper Sources." Journal of the Surface Finishing Society of Japan 48, no. 5 (1997): 539–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4139/sfj.48.539.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Copper sources"

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Sinha, Rajib. "Modelling Copper Sources and Fate in Lake Råcksta Träsk, Stockholm : Sediment Copper Content as Indicator of Urban Metal Emissions." Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekologi, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-33046.

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In Stockholm, Sweden, diffuse emissions of metals have become the dominating source of copper towater. This thesis work made an attempt to link the source of copper emission and the fate of the copper in a lake. These models have been applied in the case study of Lake Råcksta Träsk and its urban drainage area in Stockholm, Sweden. The source analysis model has been adopted and modified from Cui et al (2008) and Sörme and Lagerkvist (2002) and the basic fate model has been taken and modified from Håkanson (2006) and Lindström and Håkanson (2001). For better understanding and improving the model
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Wichaidit, Wadee. "Comparative evaluation of signal processing methods for locating acoustic emission sources in jointed copper pipes." Thesis, Brunel University, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.443318.

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Sprague, Nicolle Marie. "Copper in the Urban Water Cycle: Sources and Sinks, Benefits and Detriments, and Corrosion in Soft Waters." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42724.

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In recent years, stringent world-wide regulation of copper in drinking water, wastewater discharge and sludge has prompted utilities to carefully evaluate copper sources and sinks, benefits and detriments, and mitigation. This work compiled the individual efforts of researchers and utilities to provide a basis for holistic decision-making. Mass balances suggest that between 14-61% of copper in wastewater originates from home plumbing. Dosing of pure copper sulfate "root killer" by consumers, which is of unlikely value, accounted for up to 27% of copper inputs. Removal of copper in wastewater t
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Carpenter, Corey Blaine. "Effects of increasing copper and zinc from two different sources and space allowance on nursery and finishing pig growth performance and carcass characteristics." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/35473.

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Master of Science<br>Department of Animal Sciences and Industry<br>Joel M. DeRouchey<br>Five experiments using a total of 4,470 pigs were used to determine the effects of dietary Cu and Zn source and finishing pig space allowance. Experiment 1 evaluated increasing dietary Zn from Zn hydroxychloride or ZnSO₄ for finishing pigs. Increasing dietary Zn up to 100 mg/kg Zn maximized ADG and HCW with the greatest response observed during the last 37 d period when ractopamine was included in the diet. Pigs fed diets with Zn hydroxychloride had greater HCW compared to those fed ZnSO₄. Experiment 2 eval
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Nascimento, Tassio Lessa do. "synthesis and characterization of a meso-porphyrin derivate the lcc, how to disable metals: zinc, copper and nickel." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2010. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=5326.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico<br>A busca por processos quÃmicos que reduzam ou eliminem o uso e a geraÃÃo de substÃncias tÃxicas tem sido crescente nas Ãltimas dÃcadas. Com este novo direcionamento para reduÃÃo do impacto das atividades industriais, foram propostas alternativas que possam reduzir o impacto ambiental. Neste aspecto, foram sintetizados meso-porfirnas do tipo A4 (meso-5,10,15,20) a partir do LÃquido da Casca da Castanha do Caju - LCC (uma fonte renovÃvel, local, abundante e biodegradÃvel). O primeiro derivado refere-se à formaÃÃo do composto bromad
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Carpenter, Corey. "Effects of increasing copper and zinc from two different sources and space allowance on nursery and finishing pig growth performance and carcass characteristics." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/35419.

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Master of Science<br>Department of Animal Sciences and Industry<br>Joel M. DeRouchey<br>Five experiments using a total of 4,470 pigs were used to determine the effects of dietary Cu and Zn source and finishing pig space allowance. Experiment 1 evaluated increasing dietary Zn from Zn hydroxychloride or ZnSO4 for finishing pigs. Increasing dietary Zn up to 100 mg/kg Zn maximized ADG and HCW with the greatest response observed during the last 37 d period when ractopamine was included in the diet. Pigs fed diets with Zn hydroxychloride had greater HCW compared to those fed ZnSO4. Experiment 2 eval
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Paveley, C. F. "Heavy metal sources and distribution in soils, with special reference to Wales : Background ranges, threshold concentrations and sources of lead, zinc, copper, cadmium, cobalt, nickel, manganese and iron in A and B soil horizons." Thesis, University of Bradford, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.233744.

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Cortinhas, Cristina Simões. "Fornecimento de zinco, cobre e selênio orgânicos para vacas leiteiras e efeitos sobre a qualidade do leite e saúde da glândula mamária." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10135/tde-16072009-112611/.

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Os objetivos gerais deste estudo foram avaliar o efeito suplementação de zinco (Zn), cobre (Cu) e selênio (Se) orgânicos para vacas leiteiras e os seus efeitos sobre a qualidade do leite, saúde da glândula mamária e consumo de alimentos. Os objetivos específicos foram avaliar: a contagem de células somáticas (CCS), a prevalência de mastite clínica e subclínica,a produção e composição de leite nos 80 primeiros dias de lactação; monitorar a atividade enzimática de superóxido dismutase (CuZnSOD), glutationa peroxidase (GSH-Px) e ceruloplasmina (CP); o consumo de alimentos; a concentração plasmát
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Khai, Nguyen Manh. "Effects of using wastewater and biosolids as nutrient sources on accumulation and behaviour of trace metals in Vietnamese soils /." Uppsala : Dept. of Soil Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2007. http://epsilon.slu.se/200774.pdf.

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Machu, Yann. "Origine des sources et bilans des transferts de Cu au Golfe du Lion." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Perpignan, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024PERP0037.

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La Méditerranée Nord-Occidentale, en particulier le Golfe du Lion (GdL), est l’une des régions les plus productives de la Méditerranée également considérée comme un « hot spot » du réchauffement climatique. Cette zone extrêmement réactive est idéale pour observer l’impact des activités anthropiques sur les écosystèmes côtiers dans un contexte de changements globaux. Le GdL est caractérisé par l’occurrence d’évènements extrêmes (épisodes de pluies intenses et d’apports éoliens sahariens), typique du climat méditerranéen, dont les conséquences environnementales peuvent être exacerbées par la for
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Books on the topic "Copper sources"

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Weant, George E. Sources of copper air emissions. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Air and Energy Engineering Research Laboratory, 1985.

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1930-, Rapp George Robert, ed. Determining geologic sources of artifact copper: Source characterization using trace element patterns. University Press of America, 2000.

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Filliozat, Jean. A copper plate inscription of Śrīraṅgarāya I. Pondicherry Museum, Govt. of Pondicherry, 1986.

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Karnataka (India). Directorate of Archaeology & Museums. Copper plate inscriptions from Karnataka. Edited by Nagaraja Rao M. S and Ramesh K. V. 1935-. Directorate of Archaeology & Museums, Govt. of Karnataka, 1997.

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Galon. The art of converting red, or rosette, copper into brass by means of calamine stone: Its casting into slabs, its battery under the hammer and its drawing into wire. De archaeologische pers, 1987.

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Chen, Yanli, and Xiaofen Ma. "Qing shi lu" zhong tong ye tong zheng zi liao hui bian. Xi nan jiao tong da xue chu ban she, 2016.

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Manuel, González Ramírez, ed. La huelga de Cananea. Instituto Nacional de Estudios Históricos de la Revolución Mexicana, 2006.

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Decaux, Hugo Mancebo. Acuñación de cobres 1840: Documentos históricos. Stemo Ltda., 1990.

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Lazo, Begoña Hernández y. Huelga de Cananea. Comisión Nacional para las Celebraciones del 175 Aniversario de la Independencia Nacional y 75 Aniversario de la Revolución Mexicana, 1985.

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Melefors, Evert. Senmedeltida kopparutvinning i Åtvidaberg speglad i räkenskaper från 1500-talets början. Svenska fornskriftsällskapet, 2013.

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Book chapters on the topic "Copper sources"

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Delves, H. T. "Dietary Sources of Copper." In Novartis Foundation Symposia. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470720622.ch2.

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Ayres, Robert U., Leslie W. Ayres, and Ingrid Råde. "Copper: Sources and Supply." In The Life Cycle of Copper, Its Co-Products and Byproducts. Springer Netherlands, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-3379-3_2.

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Kies, Constance. "Food Sources of Dietary Copper." In Copper Bioavailability and Metabolism. Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0537-8_1.

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Peek, Philip M. "Southern Nigerian Copper-Alloy Components, Sources, and Analyses." In The Lower Niger Bronzes. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003016229-4.

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Järvinen, Mika, Shouzhuang Li, and Hanna Paulomäki. "Thermal Power Plant Technologies and Heat Engines for Renewable Sources." In Green Energy and Technology. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-69856-9_3.

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Abstract Thermal power plants were originally developed to be operated with fossil fuels, but they can and are already being utilized with renewable energy sources such as geothermal heat and solar heat. Furthermore, they can be utilized in an efficient manner by burning sustainably produced e-fuels, which are derived from sustainable biomass or green hydrogen and captured CO2. In this chapter dedicated to an in-depth examination of thermal power plant technologies, including steam power plants, gas turbine cycles, combined cycles, and heat pumps, and their integration with renewable heat sour
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Langridge, Peter. "Micronutrient Toxicity and Deficiency." In Wheat Improvement. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90673-3_24.

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AbstractMicronutrients are essential for plant growth although required in only very small amounts. There are eight micronutrients needed for healthy growth of wheat: chlorine, iron, boron, manganese, zinc, copper, nickel and molybdenum. Several factors will influence the availability of micronutrients, including levels in the soil, and mobility or availability. Zinc deficiency is the most significant problem globally followed by boron, molybdenum, copper, manganese and iron. Deficiency is usually addressed through application of nutrients to seeds, or through foliar spays when symptoms develo
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Pühringer, Andrea. "Frankfurt’s Book and Art Market in the 17th Century." In From Press to Readers. Éditions et Presses universitaires de Reims, 2024. https://doi.org/10.4000/13fws.

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Frankfurt as the centre of book production is the focus of the study. Due to the poor state of the sources and especially due to the effects of the Thirty Years’ War, which affected Frankfurt in the long term, statements on the organisation of the book and art market in the 17th century can only be made conditionally. The connections between the book market and the art market are an important aspect of the presentation. The increase in illustrations, initially woodcuts, later increasingly copper engravings, not only accelerated book prices, but also production costs. At the same time, they mad
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De Simone, Marilena, Daniel-Viorel Ungureanu, and Daniele Campagna. "Circular Economy of Wind Turbines Waste in Constructions and Cities." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-57800-7_55.

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AbstractWind energy is one of the most widely distributed renewable energy sources. Generally, wind turbines have an expected lifetime of 20–25 years after which decommissioning is expected. Life cycle assessments show that optimal recycling at the end of life is of economic and environmental interest and is in line with the principles of a circular economy. Despite these benefits, current recycling processes cannot guarantee high-end material quality, but the reuse of parts of wind turbines as construction elements in buildings and infrastructures has been demonstrated to be a suitable option
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Steiner, M., and M. Boller. "Copper Removal in Infiltration Facilities for Stormwater Runoff." In Advances in Urban Stormwater and Agricultural Runoff Source Controls. Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0532-6_15.

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Priya, Jayati, Manish Kumar Jain, and Navneet Singh Randhawa. "Copper Extraction Process Waste: A Source of Critical Metals." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-6024-4_6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Copper sources"

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Ferguson, Robert J. "Modeling Lead and Copper Corrosion and Solubility in Municipal Water Distribution Systems." In CORROSION 2017. NACE International, 2017. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2017-09104.

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Abstract Lead and copper in municipal water systems present a major health hazard in addition to the infrastructure loss associated with corrosion releasing them into the distribution system. Soluble lead and copper became a legal as well as economic concern with the implementation of the Lead and Copper rule in the United States in 1991 and its subsequent expansion. Similar regulations where implemented in Canada during the same time period. The regulations set action limits for the metals at 15 μg/L for Pb and 1.3 mg/L for Cu. Lead and copper in municipal systems can result from soluble lead
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Wang, Cong, Bofeng Wang, Hongqi Zhang, et al. "Performance Analysis of Molybdenum and Oxygen-free Copper Vacuum Brazed Joints." In 2024 Joint International Vacuum Electronics Conference and International Vacuum Electron Sources Conference (IVEC + IVESC). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ivecivesc60838.2024.10694904.

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Wangerin, Matthew C., and Kaj D. Rondum. "Effects of Copper Deposition on Boiler Waterside Surfaces." In CORROSION 1995. NACE International, 1995. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1995-95618.

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Abstract The relative importance of metal oxide corrosion products in waterside deposits, as opposed to traditional scale-forming constituents, is discussed, and the sources of copper and copper oxide boiler deposits are reviewed. Also reviewed are explanations of some of the problems associated with the presence of deposits and especially, copper-containing deposits. These include those due to a reduction in heat transfer and tube metal overheating, as well as various corrosion mechanisms. Case histories, which illustrate certain deleterious mechanisms due to the presence of such deposition,
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Michels, Harold T., Bryan Boulanger, and Nikolaos P. Nikolaidis. "Copper Roof Stormwater Runoff - Corrosion and the Environment." In CORROSION 2002. NACE International, 2002. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2002-02225.

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Abstract A well defined watershed was utilized to determines copper concentration, speciation and aquatic toxicity in stormwater runoff. Stormwater runoff samples were collected during 16 storm events from a copper roof, and simultaneously at several other locations within the watershed, in order to better understand the sources and fate of copper. Copper concentration, pH, and hardness were measured. Acute toxicological evaluations indicated, that although runoff was toxic at the bottom of the downspout, it exhibited no acute toxicity by the time it flowed into a stream, a state regulated wat
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Muratkhanov, Daulet, Yerkhozha Mamanov, and Bulegenov Kanat. "ABOUT THE GENETIC TYPES OF COPPER DEPOSITS IN KAZAKHSTAN AND THE PROSPECTS FOR IDENTIFICATION OF NEW ECONOMIC COPPER OBJECTS." In 24th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 24. STEF92 Technology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2024/1.1/s01.03.

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Kazakhstan is on leading position in the world in terms of reserves and mining of copper ores. There are 30 deposits with approved reservest. Nowadays, the copper industry of the Rrepublic is provided with a raw material base. Among them, the Zhezkazgan deposit remains unique in terms of reserves and a set of components. The main geological and industrial types of copper deposits (in terms of mining) are deposits of copper sandstones (58%), copper pyrite (17.1%), copper porphyry (8.2%), scarn (4.2%), etc. In the total balance of reserves, ores such as copper sandstones account for 28%, copper
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Zakrzewski, James, John Cosulich, and Earle Hartling. "A Practical Application for the Chemical Treatment of Southern California’S Reclaimed, Title 22 Water for Use as Makeup Water for Recirculating Cooling Water Systems." In CORROSION 1998. NACE International, 1998. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1998-98571.

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Abstract Pilot cooling water studies conducted at a Southern California landfill/cogeneration station demonstrated a successful chemical treatment program for recirculating cooling water that used unnitrified, reclaimed, Title 22 water as the primary makeup water source. The constituents in the reclaimed water are supplied by variety of residential and waste water sources resulting in a water quality that may vary to a greater degree than domestic water supplies. This water contains high concentrations of orthophosphate, ammonia, chlorides and suspended solids. The impact of which, under cycle
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Lytle, Darren A., Michael R. Schock, and Thomas J. Sorg. "Investigation on Techniques and Control of Building Lead and Copper Corrosion by Orthophosphate and Silicate." In CORROSION 1995. NACE International, 1995. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1995-95609.

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Abstract A new building was identified as having high lead levels in it’s drinking water. Through a detailed sampling protocol, the sources of lead were identified as brass plumbing fittings and fixtures, and Sn:Pb solder. A study was performed in two isolated sections of the building plumbing system to determine if the lead levels could be reduced naturally with time by simply using the water. Significant reductions in lead levels were not achieved following 8 months of water usage. A second study was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of three chemical corrosion inhibitors; zinc orthoph
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Nekoksa, George. "Testing on Cathodic Protection Coupons for the 100 mV Criterion." In CORROSION 2001. NACE International, 2001. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2001-01588.

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Abstract Test results are presented for a buried and cathodically protected structure coupled to a copper ground. When the 100 mV criterion is applied on a structure polarized by foreign uninterruptible current sources, the structure potential decays to its polarized potential instead to its corrosion potential making the use of the 100 mV criterion questionable. Use of coupons eliminates this problem because the coupon potential after interruption always decays to its corrosion potential.
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Corbett, Richard A., and Peter Elliott. "Ant-Nest Corrosion - Digging the Tunnels." In CORROSION 2000. NACE International, 2000. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2000-00646.

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Abstract Approximately 10% of all preliminary failures of copper tubes used in the HVAC industry are the direct result of ant-nest corrosion on a worldwide scale. This unusual form of localized corrosion has been detected in new tubes from some manufacturers, as well as early in service (i.e., less than one year). Laboratory studies have replicated service failures. The sources of the corrosive species that promote this form of attack are considered.
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Kelly, John A., Chad D. Frierson, and Andrew C. Doak. "Scale and Corrosion Control Mechanisms for Condensate, Feedwater, and Boilers in Industrial Systems." In CORROSION 2018. NACE International, 2018. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2018-11361.

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Abstract Iron, copper and hardness scale deposition occurring on internal boiler generating surfaces seriously impact steam generation in industrial steam boilers and generators. Deposits lead to a loss in efficiency, serious corrosion, and short and long term overheating problems leading ultimately to tube failures. Corrosion problems associated with deposits are generally ductile gouging or caustic gouging (underdeposit corrosion or UDC). This may also lead to hydrogen damage. Pertinent mechanisms of scale and deposition control processes as well as the sources of contaminants are discussed.
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Reports on the topic "Copper sources"

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Navas-Alemán, Lizbeth. Innovation and Competitiveness in Mining Value Chains: The Case of Brazil. Inter-American Development Bank, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003813.

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Mining companies have mirrored other large multinational companies in setting up global value chains (GVCs), sourcing their inputs and services from an ever-larger number of highly capable suppliers in developing countries, such as those in resource-rich Latin America. However, recent empirical studies on the mining GVC in that region suggest that even innovative local suppliers find it difficult to exploit their innovations in local and foreign markets. Using a conceptual framework that combines literature on innovation and GVCs, this study analyzed how global/regional- and firm-level factors
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Avis, William. Drivers, Barriers and Opportunities of E-waste Management in Africa. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.016.

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Population growth, increasing prosperity and changing consumer habits globally are increasing demand for consumer electronics. Further to this, rapid changes in technology, falling prices and consumer appetite for better products have exacerbated e-waste management challenges and seen millions of tons of electronic devices become obsolete. This rapid literature review collates evidence from academic, policy focussed and grey literature on e-waste management in Africa. This report provides an overview of constitutes e-waste, the environmental and health impacts of e-waste, of the barriers to ef
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Spano, Christian, Paolo Natali, Charles Cannon, et al. Latin America and the Caribbean 2050: Becoming a Global Low-Carbon Metals and Solutions Hub. Inter-American Development Bank, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003412.

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This report evaluates scope 3 emissions along the copper and iron ore value chains and the opportunities that Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) has to become a low carbon metals and solutions hub. The report presents four carbon emission scenarios that represent different sets of decisions for policy-makers and investors. Two scenarios fall short of aligning with Paris targets: (1) the business as usual (BaU) scenario with no further abatement action; and (2) a BaU scenario with the current level of emission reduction potential from players in the value chain (BaU Possible). The other two
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Cawood, T. K., and J. M. Peter. The geology of critical battery metals: a spotlight on Co in VMS deposits and Li in pegmatites. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/332348.

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As we move away from a fossil fuel-driven economy, the demand for metals used in energy-dense, rechargeable batteries is increasing; these include cobalt and lithium. Although cobalt is mostly obtained as a by-product from nickel and copper mining, significant amounts also occur in volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) deposits, of which Canada has many. However, the primary controls on cobalt distribution in VMS deposits are poorly understood, and may be affected by deformation and metamorphism. We show that cobalt can occur in pyrite, which retains its primary composition through greenschist fa
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Bourgaux, Camille, and Anni-Yasmin Turhan. Temporal Query Answering in DL-Lite over Inconsistent Data. Technische Universität Dresden, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2022.236.

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In ontology-based systems that process data stemming from different sources and that is received over time, as in context-aware systems, reasoning needs to cope with the temporal dimension and should be resilient against inconsistencies in the data. Motivated by such settings, this paper addresses the problem of handling inconsistent data in a temporal version of ontology-based query answering. We consider a recently proposed temporal query language that combines conjunctive queries with operators of propositional linear temporal logic and extend to this setting three inconsistency-tolerant se
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Nang, Phirun, Sreymom Sam, Pichdara Lonn, and Chhuong Ouch. Adaptation Capacity of Rural People in the Main Agro-Ecological Zones in Cambodia. Cambodia Development Resource Institute, 2014. https://doi.org/10.64202/wp.93.201406.

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Cambodia is divided into four agro-ecological zones—the Tonle Sap plain, Mekong plain, mountains/plateau and coast—representing heterogeneous agricultural activity, population and livelihood systems (UNDP 2011b). Climate change impacts and the adaptive capacity of the people differ from one zone to another. Adaptation measures have varied according to the sector and the locality, adaptive capacity and severity of the impacts. Even though co-management by the state and communities of forest, fishery and water resources has been improved, local communities’ capacity to respond or adapt to climat
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Journeay, M., J. Z. K. Yip, C. L. Wagner, P. LeSueur, and T. Hobbs. Social vulnerability to natural hazards in Canada. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/330295.

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While we are exposed to the physical effects of natural hazard processes, certain groups within a community often bear a disproportionate share of the negative consequences when a disaster strikes. This study addresses questions of why some places and population groups in Canada are more vulnerable to natural hazard processes than others, who is most likely to bear the greatest burden of risk within a given community or region, and what are the underlying factors that disproportionally affect the capacities of individuals and groups to withstand, cope with, and recover from the impacts and dow
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Seroussi, Eyal, and George Liu. Genome-Wide Association Study of Copy Number Variation and QTL for Economic Traits in Holstein Cattle. United States Department of Agriculture, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2010.7593397.bard.

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Copy number variation (CNV) has been recently identified in human and other mammalian genomes and increasing awareness that CNV might be a major source for heritable variation in complex traits has emerged. Despite this, little has been published on CNVs in Holsteins. In order to fill this knowledge-gap, we proposed a genome-wide association study between quantitative trait loci (QTL) for economic traits and CNV in the Holstein cattle. The approved feasibility study was aimed at the genome-wide characterization of CNVs in Holstein cattle and at the demonstrating of their possible association w
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Hutchinson, M. L., J. E. L. Corry, and R. H. Madden. A review of the impact of food processing on antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in secondary processed meats and meat products. Food Standards Agency, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.bxn990.

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For meat and meat products, secondary processes are those that relate to the downstream of the primary chilling of carcasses. Secondary processes include maturation chilling, deboning, portioning, mincing and other operations such as thermal processing (cooking) that create fresh meat, meat preparations and ready-to-eat meat products. This review systematically identified and summarised information relating to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) during the manufacture of secondary processed meatand meat products (SPMMP). Systematic searching of eight literature databases was undertaken and the resu
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Downes, Jane, ed. Chalcolithic and Bronze Age Scotland: ScARF Panel Report. Society for Antiquaries of Scotland, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.09.2012.184.

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The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarised under five key headings:  Building the Scottish Bronze Age: Narratives should be developed to account for the regional and chronological trends and diversity within Scotland at this time. A chronology Bronze Age Scotland: ScARF Panel Report iv based upon Scottish as well as external evidence, combining absolute dating (and the statistical modelling thereof) with re-examined typologies based on a variety of sources – material cultural, funerary, settlement, and environmental evidence – is required to construct a robust and up to da
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