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Journal articles on the topic 'Copulatory mechanism'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

Wei, Zheng, Xin Tong, and Bao-Zhen Hua. "How Does the Male Penisfilum Enter the Female Copulatory Pore in Hangingflies?" Insects 11, no. 2 (2020): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11020123.

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Hangingflies are characterized by the interesting nuptial feeding behavior and unusual belly-to-belly hanging mating position. However, the mating behavior and the copulatory mechanism remain poorly known for Bittacidae, especially how the elongated male penisfilum enters the copulatory pore of the female. In this study, the mating behavior and copulatory mechanism of Terrobittacus implicatus (Huang and Hua, 2006) were investigated to reveal the functional morphology of hangingfly genitalia. The results show that the male provides a prey as a nuptial gift to the female and twists his abdomen a

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2

Huber, Bernhard A. "Genital mechanics and sexual selection in the spider Nesticus cellulanus (Araneae: Nesticidae)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 71, no. 12 (1993): 2437–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z93-340.

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The spider Nesticus cellulanus (Clerck, 1758) was investigated with respect to the functional morphology of its genital organs, using for the first time the method of freeze-fixation of the spiders in copula by liquid nitrogen and subsequent preparation of serial sections of the copulatory organs in functional contact. Use of this method provides new and detailed insights into the function of complex genitalia. Previous ideas, based on artificial expansion of the male copulatory bulbs and simulation experiments, must be rejected or doubted. The role of female choice as a universal cause of spe

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3

Shrenker, P., and A. Bartke. "Effects of hyperprolactinaemia on male sexual behaviour in the golden hamster and mouse." Journal of Endocrinology 112, no. 2 (1987): 221–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1120221.

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ABSTRACT In the male rat, hyperprolactinaemia is associated with significant reductions in plasma LH and FSH levels and in several measures of copulatory behaviour. In contrast to this situation, experimental induction of hyperprolactinaemia in male mice and hamsters is associated with an increase in plasma gonadotrophin levels. It was therefore of interest to determine the effects of hyperprolactinaemia on the copulatory behaviour of these animals. Hyperprolactinaemia was induced by transplantation of pituitaries from adult females and sexual behaviour was tested in the presence of ovariectom

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4

Long, Dan-Wen, and Xin Tong. "Copulatory mechanism and genital coupling of the longhorn beetle Moechotypa diphysis (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae)." ZooKeys 1234 (April 17, 2025): 275–90. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1234.140491.

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The function of insect external genitalia has played a significant role in exploring insect mating mechanisms and male fertilization strategies. However, due to the privacy of genital coupling, insect copulatory mechanisms have only been investigated in a few insect groups. In this study, we observed the mating behavior using freeze-fixated pairs in copula to reveal the copulatory mechanism of the longhorn beetle Moechotypa diphysis (Pascoe, 1871). At the beginning stage of mating, the male M. diphysis usually takes 30 min to control the female and then extends its median lobe and endophallus.

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5

Rugman-Jones, Paul F., and Paul E. Eady. "Conspecific sperm precedence in Callosobruchus subinnotatus (Coleoptera: Bruchidae): mechanisms and consequences." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 274, no. 1612 (2007): 983–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2006.0343.

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Conspecific sperm precedence (CSP) has been identified as an important post-copulatory, pre-zygotic mechanism that can act to reduce gene flow between populations. The evolution of CSP is thought to have arisen as a by-product of male and female coevolution in response to intraspecific post-copulatory sexual selection. However, little is known about the mechanisms that generate CSP. When Callosobruchus subinnotatus females copulate with both C. subinnotatus and Callosobruchus maculatus males, regardless of mating order, the majority of eggs are fertilized by conspecific sperm. The low number o

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6

Helna, A. K., and Sudha Kappalli. "Male and female reproductive systems of the pseudocycnid copepod Cybicola armatus (Bassett-Smith, 1898) (Siphonostomatoida) infecting the commercially important scombrid fish Scomberomorus commerson: a light and electron microscopic study." Crustaceana 95, no. 5-6 (2022): 533–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685403-bja10204.

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Abstract Cybicola armatus (Bassett-Smith, 1898), a host-specific parasitic copepod, massively infects gill filaments of the scombrid fish, Scomberomorus commerson. While the female attaches to the host fish’s gills, the relatively small-sized male prefers to attach to the female genital somite in copulatory position. To our knowledge this is the first report on the structural features of male and female reproductive organs of C. armatus, a pseudocycnid parasite, using morphological, histological, histochemical and ultrastructural parameters. In males, the sac-like testis is followed by a highl

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7

Cross, Ericha, та Charles E. Roselli. "17β-Estradiol rapidly facilitates chemoinvestigation and mounting in castrated male rats". American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 276, № 5 (1999): R1346—R1350. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1999.276.5.r1346.

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Testosterone and estradiol act synergistically to stimulate male sexual behavior. Previous studies demonstrated that testosterone’s actions are mediated genomically. Attempts to show that estradiol acts in a similar fashion have been inconclusive. However, estrogens have been shown to exert short-latency effects by acting directly on neuronal membranes. The present experiment examined whether testosterone or estradiol rapidly facilitates copulatory behaviors in castrated sexually experienced rats. Within 35 min of administration, estradiol stimulated chemoinvestigation and frequency of mountin

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8

Long, Dan-Wen, and Xin Tong. "Copulatory mechanism and genital coupling of the longhorn beetle Moechotypa diphysis (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae)." ZooKeys 1234 (April 17, 2025): 275–90. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1234.140491.

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The function of insect external genitalia has played a significant role in exploring insect mating mechanisms and male fertilization strategies. However, due to the privacy of genital coupling, insect copulatory mechanisms have only been investigated in a few insect groups. In this study, we observed the mating behavior using freeze-fixated pairs in copula to reveal the copulatory mechanism of the longhorn beetle <i>Moechotypa diphysis</i> (Pascoe, 1871). At the beginning stage of mating, the male <i>M. diphysis</i> usually takes 30 min to control the female and then extends its median lobe an

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9

Simmons, Leigh W., Geoff A. Parker, and David J. Hosken. "Evolutionary insight from a humble fly: sperm competition and the yellow dungfly." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 375, no. 1813 (2020): 20200062. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2020.0062.

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Studies of the yellow dungfly in the 1960s provided one of the first quantitative demonstrations of the costs and benefits associated with male and female reproductive behaviour. These studies advanced appreciation of sexual selection as a significant evolutionary mechanism and contributed to the 1970s paradigm shift toward individual selectionist thinking. Three behaviours in particular led to the realization that sexual selection can continue during and after mating: (i) female receptivity to remating, (ii) sperm displacement and (iii) post-copulatory mate guarding. These behaviours either g

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10

Fänger, Harald, and Clas M. Naumann. "Genital Morphology and Copulatory Mechanism inZygaena trifolii(Esper, 1783) (Insecta, Lepidoptera, Zygaenidae)." Acta Zoologica 79, no. 1 (1998): 9–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-6395.1998.tb01138.x.

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11

Zhong, Wen, and Baozhen Hua. "Mating Behaviour and Copulatory Mechanism in the Scorpionfly Neopanorpa longiprocessa (Mecoptera: Panorpidae)." PLoS ONE 8, no. 9 (2013): e74781. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0074781.

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12

Ma, Na, Wen Zhong, and Baozhen Hua. "Genitalic morphology and copulatory mechanism of the scorpionfly Panorpa jilinensis (Mecoptera: Panorpidae)." Micron 41, no. 8 (2010): 931–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.micron.2010.07.008.

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13

Huber, Bernhard A. "Genital Morphology, Copulatory Mechanism and Reproductive Biology in Psilochorus Simoni (Berland, 1911) (Pholcidae; Araneae)." Netherlands Journal of Zoology 44, no. 1-2 (1993): 85–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854294x00079.

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14

Uhl, Gabriele, Stefan Heinz Nessler, and Jutta Schneider. "Copulatory mechanism in a sexually cannibalistic spider with genital mutilation (Araneae: Araneidae: Argiope bruennichi)." Zoology 110, no. 5 (2007): 398–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.zool.2007.07.003.

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15

Bourgoin, T., and J. Huang. "Comparative morphology of female genitalia and the copulatory mechanism in Trypetimorphini (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha, Tropiduchidae)." Journal of Morphology 207, no. 2 (1991): 149–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052070205.

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16

Vuarin, Pauline, Alice Bouchard, Loïc Lesobre, et al. "Post-copulatory sexual selection allows females to alleviate the fitness costs incurred when mating with senescing males." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 286, no. 1913 (2019): 20191675. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2019.1675.

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Male senescence has detrimental effects on reproductive success and offspring fitness. When females mate with multiple males during the same reproductive bout, post-copulatory sexual selection that operates either through sperm competition or cryptic female choice might allow females to skew fertilization success towards young males and as such limit the fitness costs incurred when eggs are fertilized by senescing males. Here, we experimentally tested this hypothesis. We artificially inseminated female North African houbara bustards with sperm from dyads of males of different (young and old) o

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17

Alichi, Mahmood, and Kambiz Minaei. "Dynamics of a cooperative lock-and-key model in genital matching of Sitona Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)." Journal of Insect Biodiversity and Systematics 7, no. 4 (2021): 467–76. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5786823.

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It has been argued that the copulatory structures of the weevil genus <em>Sitona</em> Germar have their equivalents in the opposite sex. Hence, the male intromittent organ represents a species<strong>-</strong>specific key to unlock the corresponding genital tract of its mate, and the female internal genitalia displays several positions that match the functional armature and surface prominences of the endophallic internal sac from the conspecific male. However, this claim can lead to a major challenge due to the perceived lack of variation in the females copulatory organs across the species of

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18

Mahmood, Alichi, and Minaei Kambiz. "Dynamics of a cooperative lock-and-key model in genital matching of Sitona Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)." Journal of Insect Biodiversity and Systematics 7, no. 4 (2021): 467–76. https://doi.org/10.52547/jibs.7.4.467.

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It has been argued that the copulatory structures of the weevil genus Sitona Germar have their equivalents in the opposite sex. Hence, the male intromittent organ represents a species-specific key to unlock the corresponding genital tract of its mate, and the female internal genitalia displays several positions that match the functional armature and surface prominences of the endophallic internal sac from the conspecific male. However, this claim can lead to a major challenge due to the perceived lack of variation in the females copulatory organs across the species of a large genus, Sitona. Th

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19

Tong, Xin, Wen Zhong, and Bao-Zhen Hua. "Copulatory mechanism and functional morphology of genitalia and anal horn of the scorpionflyCerapanorpa dubia(Mecoptera: Panorpidae)." Journal of Morphology 279, no. 10 (2018): 1532–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.20903.

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20

Alichi, Mahmood. "The cutting edge of the lock-and-key hypothesis in weevils: a case study of Sitona fairmairei (Coleoptera, Curculionidae)." Journal of Insect Biodiversity and Systematics 8, no. 2 (2022): 175–82. https://doi.org/10.52547/jibs.8.2.175.

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According to a perspective, male and female copulatory organs have not more extreme morphologies. However, a skewed bias in males, -as well as the scanty taxonomic data on female genitalia, may explain why most evolutionary biologists failed to find acceptable evidence for the reproductive co-evolution in insects. A recent finding shows that the mechanical footing has a cooperative essence in the weevil genus <em>Sitona</em>. In this viewpoint, successful mating is achieved by the dynamic correspondence between the male endophallus and female genital lumen. The present work addresses some miss

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21

Hemmings, Nicola, and Tim Birkhead. "Differential sperm storage by female zebra finches Taeniopygia guttata." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 284, no. 1860 (2017): 20171032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2017.1032.

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When females mate promiscuously, female sperm storage provides scope to bias the fertilization success towards particular males via the non-random acceptance and utilization of sperm. The difficulties observing post-copulatory processes within the female reproductive tract mean that the mechanisms underlying cryptic female choice remain poorly understood. Here, we use zebra finches Taeniopygia guttata , selected for divergent sperm lengths, combined with a novel technique for isolating and extracting sperm from avian sperm storage tubules (SSTs), to test the hypothesis that sperm from separate

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22

Chase, Ronald. "A mutant strain of terrestrial snails (Achatina fulica), exhibiting a supernumerary penis." Canadian Journal of Zoology 66, no. 6 (1988): 1491–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z88-218.

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In normal snails, hermaphroditic copulatory organs are situated on the right side of each animal. Mutant animals of the species Achatina fulica, isolated from a laboratory colony, possess a supernumerary penis, a supernumerary retractor muscle, and a supernumerary genital atrium, all on the left side. In some cases, apparent examples of supernumerary vaginas and vasa deferentia are also present. All supernumerary organs are symmetrically positioned with respect to the normal organs. A study of the genetic mechanism of inheritance is currently incomplete, but suggests that the phenotype is dete

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23

Huber, Bernhard A. "Copulatory Mechanism inHolocnemus plucheiandPholcus opilionoides, With Notes on Male Cheliceral Apophyses and Stridulatory Organs in Pholcidae (Araneae)." Acta Zoologica 76, no. 4 (1995): 291–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-6395.1995.tb01001.x.

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24

MAUTZ, B. S., and S. K. SAKALUK. "Heritable variation in the timing of spermatophore removal, a mechanism of post-copulatory female choice in crickets." Journal of Evolutionary Biology 21, no. 5 (2008): 1366–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1420-9101.2008.01560.x.

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25

WANG, JI-SHEN. "Evolving longer for a mate: A new scorpionfly (Mecoptera: Panorpoidea: Panorpidae) with exaggeratedly elongated male abdominal segments." Zootaxa 5264, no. 1 (2023): 109–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5264.1.7.

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Male scorpionflies often evolve exaggeratedly elongated abdominal segments (EEAS) that are used as a sexual display to the females, and a combat weapon in intra-sexual disputes. EEAS have independently evolved several times since the Jurassic till the present day in at least eight genera and four families. In this paper, Neopanorpa exaggerata sp. n. with EEAS is described from Yunnan Province, China. Through comparisons among extinct and extant species, our current knowledge is summarized for the evolution, copulatory mechanism, and biogeography of the scorpionflies with EEAS. Also discussed a

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26

Michels, Jan, Stanislav N. Gorb, and Klaus Reinhardt. "Reduction of female copulatory damage by resilin represents evidence for tolerance in sexual conflict." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 12, no. 104 (2015): 20141107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2014.1107.

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Intergenomic evolutionary conflicts increase biological diversity. In sexual conflict, female defence against males is generally assumed to be resistance, which, however, often leads to trait exaggeration but not diversification. Here, we address whether tolerance, a female defence mechanism known from interspecific conflicts, exists in sexual conflict. We examined the traumatic insemination of female bed bugs via cuticle penetration by males, a textbook example of sexual conflict. Confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed large proportions of the soft and elastic protein resilin in the cuti

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Wiley, R. Haven, B. J. Hatchwell, and N. B. Davies. "Recognition of Individual Males' Songs by Female Dunnocks: a Mechanism Increasing the Number of Copulatory Partners and Reproductive Success." Ethology 88, no. 2 (2010): 145–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0310.1991.tb00269.x.

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28

Tong, Xin, Lu Jiang, and Bao-Zhen Hua. "A unique mating pattern of Panorpodes kuandianensis (Mecoptera: Panorpodidae)." Contributions to Zoology 86, no. 3 (2017): 229–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18759866-08603003.

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Sexually reproductive insects exhibit diverse mating behaviors. However, the mating pattern remains unknown for Panorpodes of Panorpodidae to date. In this study, we investigated the mating behavior and copulatory mechanism of the short-faced scorpionfly Panorpodes kuandianensis Zhong, Zhang and Hua, 2011 for the first time. The results show that the male provides a salivary mass as a nuptial gift to the female and starts to copulate with the female in a V-shaped position, then changes to an end-to-end position by temporarily twisting the female abdominal segments VII−IX by 180°. During mating

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29

Neeraja B. "Prolonged Copulation in Dysdercus cingulatus (Red Cotton Stainer) as a Cause for Augmented Fecundity." International Journal of Zoological Investigations 08, no. 01 (2022): 46–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.33745/ijzi.2022.v08i01.006.

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Cotton stainer, Dysdercus cingulatus is the common pest of cotton crops. Both the adults and nymphs are known to feed upon the cotton pods. In recent times it’s pest status has extended to almost all the crops, which illustrates that these insects have increased in number and also have acclimatized to the ever changing environment. This is an Hemipteran insect and it is known that males and females are known to be involved in prolonged copulation. In the present study, it was observed that the male and female adults were in state of extended copulation both in the field and also in the laborat

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30

ALICHI, MAHMOOD. "A bio-syringe mechanism and the pattern of genital correspondence in the weevil genus Sitona (Coleoptera: Curculionidae): an approach to the great interest of Sharp and Muir." Zootaxa 4933, no. 4 (2021): 514–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4933.4.3.

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The remarkable diversity in male and female genital morphology among the species of Sitona Germar might contribute to the understanding of the structural “lock-and-key” isolating mechanism. Recently, it has been found that in spite of the phallic sizes in male weevils of the genus Sitona, their internal sacs should precisely match with the vaginal infoldings of conspecific females. The present research also deals with the male transfer apparatus, which is a special organ for insemination procedure inside the female bursa copulatrix. A wedge-shaped structure with a fused ejaculatory pump was di

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31

Mainardi, Chiara Elvira, Chiara Peccerillo, Alessandra Paolini, et al. "Using Gamma Irradiation to Predict Sperm Competition Mechanism in Bagrada hilaris (Burmeister) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae): Insights for a Future Management Strategy." Insects 14, no. 8 (2023): 681. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects14080681.

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The stink bug, Bagrada hilaris, is a pest of mainly Brassicaceae crops. It is native to Africa and Asia and was recently reported as invasive in the southwestern part of the USA and in South America. There are no mitigation programs in place that do not involve pesticides. Therefore, much attention has recently been paid to the study of this species in order to identify sustainable and effective control strategies, such as the Sterile Insect Technique (SIT). In order to evaluate the suitability of the SIT on this pest, the mechanism of post-copulatory sperm competition was investigated. This i

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Vydrin, Pavel S., Svetlana N. Kalinina, Oleg O. Burlaka, and Michail S. Aleksandrov. "Assessment of copulative function and severity of lower urinary tract symptoms in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia after transurethral enucleation." Urology reports (St. - Petersburg) 11, no. 2 (2021): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/uroved55409.

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AIM: was to conduct a comparative assessment of copulative function and the severity of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) who underwent laser and bipolar transurethral enucleation of the prostate and who treated conservatively. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 143 BPH patients aged 50 to 80 years (mean age 65 years) with complaints of copulatory and urinary disorders were under observation. All patients were divided into two groups. The 1st (main) group included 102 patients who underwent surgical treatment: transurethral laser enucleation of t

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Fonseca, P. J., and M. A. Revez. "Song discrimination by male cicadas Cicada barbara lusitanica(Homoptera, Cicadidae)." Journal of Experimental Biology 205, no. 9 (2002): 1285–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.205.9.1285.

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SUMMARY Cicada barbara lusitanica males presented a stereotyped singing response behaviour when exposed to a playback of the conspecific song. Males preferred (as measured by the time taken to sing) the conspecific signal to heterospecific songs that differed markedly in temporal pattern. Manipulation of the gross temporal pattern of C. barbara calling song significantly reduced stimulus attractiveness. Indeed, C. barbaramales stopped responding to stimuli in which the temporal pattern approached the characteristic C. orni song, a sympatric and closely related species. If present in females, t

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Nomura, Kazuhiko, Noriaki Maeda, Isamu Yamaguchi, Seitaro Mutoh, Kunio Nakahara, and Masakuni Okuhara. "A mechanism of 5-HT3 receptor mediation is involved in the pathogenesis of psychosocial stress-induced gastric lesions and male copulatory disorder in mice." Japanese Journal of Pharmacology 71 (1996): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-5198(19)36411-x.

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Ramm, Steven A., Aline Schlatter, Maude Poirier, and Lukas Schärer. "Hypodermic self-insemination as a reproductive assurance strategy." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 282, no. 1811 (2015): 20150660. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2015.0660.

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Self-fertilization occurs in a broad range of hermaphroditic plants and animals, and is often thought to evolve as a reproductive assurance strategy under ecological conditions that disfavour or prevent outcrossing. Nevertheless, selfing ability is far from ubiquitous among hermaphrodites, and may be constrained in taxa where the male and female gametes of the same individual cannot easily meet. Here, we report an extraordinary selfing mechanism in one such species, the free-living flatworm Macrostomum hystrix. To test the hypothesis that adaptations to hypodermic insemination of the mating pa

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Manno, T. G., A. P. Nesterova, L. M. DeBarbieri, and F. S. Dobson. "Why do female Columbian ground squirrels (Spermophilus columbianus) give an estrus call?" Canadian Journal of Zoology 86, no. 8 (2008): 900–909. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z08-066.

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Female Columbian ground squirrels ( Spermophilus columbianus (Ord, 1815)) sometimes emit a repetitive vocalization after copulation. We examined two possible explanations for why sexual selection would favor expression of these “estrus calls”: to encourage sperm competition through mating with additional males and to increase mate guarding by the consort male as a mechanism of postcopulatory female mate choice. During three annual mating periods, we observed mating behaviour, estrus calls, and postcopulatory behavioural interactions of free-ranging individuals. Predictions of the advertisement

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Chow, K. L., and S. W. Emmons. "HOM-C/Hox genes and four interacting loci determine the morphogenetic properties of single cells in the nematode male tail." Development 120, no. 9 (1994): 2579–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.120.9.2579.

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The copulatory structure of the C. elegans male tail includes a set of nine bilaterally symmetrical pairs of sense organs known as rays. Each ray comprises three cells, which are generated by a stereotyped cell sublineage expressed by 18 epidermal ray precursor cells. A pattern formation mechanism in the epidermis guides the specification of morphogenetic differences between the rays necessary for correct organelle assembly at specific positions within the epidermis. Expression of these ray differences was altered in mutations we described previously, resulting in displaced and fused rays. Her

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Bartke, A., W. W. Morgan, R. N. Clayton, et al. "Neuroendocrine studies in hyperprolactinaemic male mice." Journal of Endocrinology 112, no. 2 (1987): 215–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1120215.

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ABSTRACT In several species, including man and the rat, hyperprolactinaemia is associated with suppression of gonadotrophin release and male sexual behaviour. However, in the hyperprolactinaemic male mouse, plasma LH and FSH levels and copulatory behaviour are increased rather than suppressed. In an attempt to identify mechanism(s) which may be responsible for these effects of hyperprolactinaemia in the mouse, we have examined the effects of two ectopic pituitary isografts on several indices of hypothalamic and pituitary function in adult DBA/2J males. Animals with pituitary grafts had markedl

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Preston, B. T., I. R. Stevenson, J. M. Pemberton, D. W. Coltman, and K. Wilson. "Male mate choice influences female promiscuity in Soay sheep." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 272, no. 1561 (2005): 365–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2004.2977.

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In most animal species, males are predicted to compete for reproductive opportunities, while females are expected to choose between potential mates. However, when males' rate of reproduction is constrained, or females vary widely in ‘quality’, male mate choice is also predicted to occur. Such conditions exist in the promiscuous mating system of feral Soay sheep on St Kilda, Scotland, where a highly synchronized mating season, intense sperm competition and limitations on sperm production constrain males' potential reproductive rate, and females vary substantially in their ability to produce suc

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Schneider, Jutta M., Marie E. Herberstein, Matthew J. Bruce, Michael M. Kasumovic, Melissa L. Thomas, and Mark A. Elgar. "Male copulation frequency, sperm competition and genital damage in the golden orb-web spider (Nephila plumipes)." Australian Journal of Zoology 56, no. 4 (2008): 233. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo08041.

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Copulation in many sexually cannibalistic spiders is associated with a loss of function of the male reproductive organs and, as a consequence, males that survive sexual cannibalism may nevertheless be unable to subsequently copulate successfully. Sexual cannibalism is common in the Australian golden orb-web spider (Nephila plumipes), in which the tip of the conductor typically breaks during copulation. Thus, male mating frequency may be physiologically limited to two females, irrespective of the male’s ability to avoid cannibalism or the opportunity to locate and court additional, receptive fe

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Santana, Yanira, Angel Montejo, Javier Martín, Ginés LLorca, Gloria Bueno, and Juan Blázquez. "Understanding the Mechanism of Antidepressant-Related Sexual Dysfunction: Inhibition of Tyrosine Hydroxylase in Dopaminergic Neurons after Treatment with Paroxetine but Not with Agomelatine in Male Rats." Journal of Clinical Medicine 8, no. 2 (2019): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8020133.

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Antidepressant-related sexual dysfunction is a frequent adverse event caused by serotonergic activation that intensely affects quality of life and adherence in depressed patients. The dopamine system has multiple effects promoting sexual behavior, but no studies have been carried out to confirm dopaminergic changes involved in animal models after antidepressant use. Methods: The sexual behavior-related dopaminergic system in the rat was studied by comparing two different antidepressants and placebo for 28 days. The antidepressants used were paroxetine (a serotonergic antidepressant that causes

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Hussin, Amer M. "Histological study of the constituents that related to the immune defensive mechanism in the vagina of ewes." Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Medicine 35, no. 1 (2011): 88–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.30539/iraqijvm.v35i1.608.

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In order to study the vaginal defensive mechanisms in ewes, vaginal smears and biopsies were collected from eight adult Awasi ewes. The biopsies samples were processed by the routine histological methods and stained by H & E and PAS stains, while the smears samples were stained with MB. Samples were examined under light microscope. The resent study revealed that the vaginal wall lacks many important constituents, among these were the vaginal glands, goblet cells, muscularis mucosa and lymphatic nodules. And as the vagina was the nearest organ to the external environment and as it receives

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Egli, Marcel, Richard Bertram, Natalia Toporikova, Michael T. Sellix, Wilfredo Blanco, and Marc E. Freeman. "Prolactin secretory rhythm of mated rats induced by a single injection of oxytocin." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 290, no. 3 (2006): E566—E572. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00427.2005.

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Mating or vaginocervical stimulation [copulatory stimulus (CS)] induces two daily surges of the hormone prolactin (PRL) in rats. This unique secretory pattern of PRL surges is characteristic for the first half of pregnancy and is also present in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Studies have shown that CS additionally provokes an acute release of the hormone oxytocin (OT). In this study, we tested whether a single injection of OT (iv) is sufficient to initiate the PRL secretion pattern of OVX/CS rats. Furthermore, we measured the 24-h profile of dopamine (DA) content in the anterior lobe of the pitui

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Mattei, Alexandra L., Mark L. Riccio, Frank W. Avila, and Mariana F. Wolfner. "Integrated 3D view of postmating responses by the Drosophila melanogaster female reproductive tract, obtained by micro-computed tomography scanning." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 27 (2015): 8475–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1505797112.

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Physiological changes in females during and after mating are triggered by seminal fluid components in conjunction with female-derived molecules. In insects, these changes include increased egg production, storage of sperm, and changes in muscle contraction within the reproductive tract (RT). Such postmating changes have been studied in dissected RT tissues, but understanding their coordination in vivo requires a holistic view of the tissues and their interrelationships. Here, we used high-resolution, multiscale micro-computed tomography (CT) scans to visualize and measure postmating changes in

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Zhong, Wen, Zi-Yi Qi, and Bao-Zhen Hua. "Atypical mating in a scorpionfly without a notal organ." Contributions to Zoology 84, no. 4 (2015): 305–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18759866-08404003.

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Firm coupling of genitalia is critical for copulation in most groups of insects. To counter female resistance that usually breaks off genital connection, male scorpionflies (Mecoptera: Panorpidae) usually provide nuptial gifts for the female and seize their mates with grasping devices. The notal organ, a modified clamp on tergum III of male scorpionflies, plays a significant role in seizing the female wings and helping maintain mating position during copulation. The mating behaviour remains unknown for the scorpionfly Furcatopanorpa longihypovalva (Hua and Cai, 2009) whose male lacks a notal o

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Soldatenko, E. V., and A. A. Petrov. "Mating and morphology of the copulatory apparatus in Planorbarius corneus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Gastropoda: Pulmonata)." Zoosystematica Rossica 22, no. 2 (2013): 153–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.31610/zsr/2013.22.2.153.

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This paper examines mating behaviour and copulatory mechanics (including insemination) in Planorbarius corneus (Linnaeus, 1758) and presents a revised description of its copulatory apparatus. The taxonomic position of the genus Planorbarius within the Basommatophora is discussed. The study shows that although P. corneus is similar to Planorbella (Seminolina) duryi (Wetherby, 1879) in the structure of the shell, copulatory apparatus, mating behaviour and even mating positions, they have different mechanisms of intromission. The analysis of morphology and mating behaviour does not support a clos

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Banik, Dipanwita, Priyasankar Chaudhuri, and Anurag Bhattacharjee. "Cytomorphological changes in the cerebral and ventral ganglionic neurosecretory cells during copulation in epigeic earthworms." European Journal of Biological Research 10, no. 3 (2020): 207–16. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3948600.

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In spite of hermaphroditism, most earthworm species reproduce by cross fertilization i.e. by the process of copulation of two mature partners. Mechanism of copulation in few earthworm species (<em>Lumbricus terrestris</em>) is known. However literature on neurosecretory control of copulation in earthworm is lacking. In the present study 30 pairs of conjugating earthworms of <em>Eisenia fetida</em> were collected from laboratory culture beds during 2016 of monsoon season. Cerebral and ventral ganglia of 10 pairs of conjugating earthworms and 20 pairs of post conjugation (2 hrs after separation,

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Huang, W., and J. M. Pemberton. "Within-trio tests provide little support for post-copulatory selection on major histocompatibility complex haplotypes in a free-living population." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 288, no. 1945 (2021): 20202862. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.2862.

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Sexual selection has been proposed as a force that could help maintain the diversity of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes in vertebrates. Potential selective mechanisms can be divided into pre-copulatory and post-copulatory, and in both cases, the evidence for occurrence is mixed, especially in natural populations. In this study, we used a large number of parent-offspring trios that were diplotyped for MHC class II genes in a wild population of Soay sheep ( Ovis aries ) to examine whether there was within-trio post-copulatory selection on MHC class II genes at both the haplotype and

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Badiane, Arnaud, Mélissa Martin, Sandrine Meylan, Murielle Richard, Beatriz Decencière Ferrandière, and Jean-François Le Galliard. "Male ultraviolet reflectance and female mating history influence female mate choice and male mating success in a polyandrous lizard." Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 130, no. 3 (2020): 586–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blaa061.

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Abstract Pre-copulatory female mate choice based on male ultraviolet (UV) coloration has been demonstrated in several vertebrate species; however, post-copulatory mechanisms have been largely overlooked. Here, we investigated female mate preference based on male UV coloration in the common lizard Zootoca vivipara, in which males display conspicuous UV coloration on their throat. During two successive years, we staged sequential mating trials between females and four different males with UV-reduced or control belly and throat coloration. We recorded pre-copulatory female behaviour, copulation b

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Illert, Anna L., Hiroyuki Kawaguchi, Letitia Quintanilla-Fend, et al. "Control of Meiotic and Mitoic Progression by the F-Box Protein NIPA In Vivo." Blood 108, no. 11 (2006): 1118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v108.11.1118.1118.

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Abstract The regulated oscillation of protein expression is an essential mechanism of cell cycle control. The SCF class of E3 ubiquitin ligases is involved in this process by targeting cell cycle regulatory proteins for degradation by the proteasome, with the F-Box subunit of the SCF specifically recruiting a given substrate to the SCF core. We previously reported the cloning of NIPA (Nuclear Interaction Partner of ALK) in complex with constitutively active oncogenic fusions of ALK, which contributes to the development of lymphomas and sarcomas. Subsequently we characterized NIPA as a F-Box pr

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