Journal articles: 'Copway'

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Ruoff, A. LaVonne Brown. "George Copway: Nineteenth-Century American-Indian Autobiographer." a/b: Auto/Biography Studies 3, no. 2 (January 1987): 6–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08989575.1987.10815432.

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Bird, John R. E. "Settler Salvation and Indigenous Survival: George Copway’s Reconciliatory Vision, 1849–1851." London Journal of Canadian Studies 35, no. 1 (November 30, 2020): 138–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.14324/111.444.ljcs.2020v35.007.

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From 1849 to 1851, Canada’s first international literary celebrity, the Mississauga writer Kahgegagahbowh, or George Copway, travelled the United States, Great Britain and Europe promoting his vision for the future of Indigenous peoples in the United States. Building on a theological critique of settler colonialism, he called for the creation of a new Indigenous territory west of the Mississippi led by a legislature made up of English-speaking Indigenous Christians. Copway believed that through the establishment of this territory he called Kahgega, European settlers would be able to atone for the sins committed against Indigenous North Americans, thus escaping the impending wrath of God. More importantly, believing that Indigenous peoples faced imminent extinction, he saw Kahgega as a permanent means of preserving his people and safeguarding their shrinking lands and political agency. Though Kahgega failed to impress the public, Copway’s vision offers a fascinating window into an early attempt at reconciling the Indigenous and non-Indigenous halves of North American society. Using the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada’s definition of ‘reconciliation’, this article shows that past, often failed, Indigenous political visions reveal the complexities and tensions inherent in dialogue surrounding reconciliation.

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Coleman, Daniel. "Grappling with Respect: Copway and Traill in a Conversation that Never Took Place." ESC: English Studies in Canada 39, no. 2-3 (2013): 63–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/esc.2013.0027.

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Sweet, Timothy. "Pastoral Landscape with Indians: George Copway and the Political Unconscious of the American Pastoral." Prospects 18 (October 1993): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0361233300004841.

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After squanto taught the colonists at Plymouth in 1620 “both the manner how to set [their corn], and after how to dress and tend it,” Indians seem to have disappeared from the American pastoral scene, except as unwelcome intruders. Seventeen years later, writes William Bradford, “the Pequots fell openly on the English at Connecticut, in the lower parts of the river, and slew sundry of them as they were at work in the fields.” Mary Rowlandson opens the story of her captivity during King Philip's War similarly, describing how the Narragansetts came out of the wilderness to attack the farmsteads at Lancaster, setting fire to buildings “with flax and hemp, which they brought out of the barn,” and later celebrated by feasting on the animals they had captured: “miserable was the waste that was there made, of horses, cattle, sheep, swine, calves, lambs, roasting pigs, and fowl (which they had plundered in the town) some roasting, some lying and burning, and some boiling to feed our merciless enemies.” These accounts — in which Indians violate the pastoral scene, killing peaceful tillers of the soil and wantonly consuming the stock that had been so carefully husbanded — suggest that in the 17th Century, despite the original beneficence of Squanto, Indian “savagery” was perceived as a threat not only to the lives of individual colonists but to agriculture itself, the foundation of the colonial economy in North America. But it was the agrarian culture of the English that turned the Indians into “savages,” for the Pequot War and King Philip's War began, as Francis Jennings has demonstrated, with the colonists' hunger for land.

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Smith, Donald B. "The Life of George Copway or Kah-ge-ga-gah-bowh (1818-1869) — and a review of his writings." Journal of Canadian Studies 23, no. 3 (August 1988): 5–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/jcs.23.3.5.

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Morgan, Cecilia. "Creating Interracial Intimacies: British North America, Canada, and the Transatlantic World, 1830–1914." Journal of the Canadian Historical Association 19, no. 2 (July 23, 2009): 76–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/037749ar.

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Abstract This article explores the domestic relationships of a number of interracial couples: Kahkewaquonaby/Peter Jones and Eliza Field; Nahnebahwequa/ Catherine Sutton and William Sutton; Kahgegagahbowh/George Copway and Elizabeth Howell; and John Ojijatekah Brant-Sero, Mary McGrath, and Frances Kirby. These unions took place within the context of and, in a number of instances, because of Native peoples’ movements across a multiple boundaries and borders within British North America, Canada, and Britain. Based in both Canadian Native historiography and work in colonial and imperial history, particularly that which focuses on gender, this article argues that international networks, such as nineteenth-century evangelicalism, the missionary movement, and circuits of performance, shaped such unions and played a central, constitutive role in bringing these individuals together. However, the article also points to the importance of exploring such large-scale processes at the biographic and individual level. It points to the different outcomes and dynamics of these relationships and argues that no one category or mode of scholarly explanation can account for these couples’ fates. The article also points to multiple and varied combinations of gender, class, and race in these relationships. It thus offers another dimension to the historiography on Native-white intimate relationships in North America which, to date, has focused mostly on relationships between white men and Native or mixed-race/Métis women. The article concludes by considering how these relationships complicate our understanding of commonly used concepts in imperial history, specifically those of domesticity and home.

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Arrowsmith, Edward, Rachel L. Mitchell, Jack L. Taylor, Stephen Matthew Schleicher, Natalie R. Dickson, and Stacey McCullough. "Providing uninterrupted oral oncolytic therapies during the COVID-19 pandemic." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 29_suppl (October 10, 2020): 226. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.29_suppl.226.

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226 Background: Uninterrupted utilization of oral oncolytics is critical to maximizing safety and efficacy of cancer treatment. The COVID-19 pandemic presented numerous challenges to delivering a continuous and safe supply of oral oncolytics to patients with cancer including potential loss of insurance coverage, patient lost income making copays more difficult, remote pharmacy staffing difficulties, and logistical challenges in safely distributing drug to cancer patients. Tennessee Oncology has an in-house Specialty Pharmacy that utilizes home delivery of oral oncolytics while coordinating care with providers during changing patient situations. Methods: We analyzed patients who received an oral oncolytic from our pharmacy in two periods: January-May 2019 and January-May 2020. We compared the aggregate patient copay amounts during these periods, the number of patients who utilized copay assistance or foundational financial support. For insights on continuation we also assessed the medication possession ratios (MPR, the sum of the day’s supply for all fills of a given drug in a particular period divided by the number of days in that period) during these time periods for five of our most commonly dispensed drugs. Results: The aggregate patient copay was similar between the two time periods. A 22% increase in the utilization of copay cards indicated patient’s insurance coverage was sustained. We also observed a 12% increase in the number of patients utilizing foundation support for prescriptions filled. MPRs for five commonly dispensed oral oncolytics were unchanged during COVID-19. Conclusions: Our in-house specialty pharmacy maintained delivery of oral oncolytics during the COVID-19 pandemic. Patient cost share was contained by our pharmacy staff proactively utilizing copay cards for all eligible patients and diligently securing foundational grant support. The pharmacy interventions allowed for affordability, uninterrupted pharmacy operations, and consistent medication supply. This led to continued medication adherence. MPR for the 5 top dispensed medications was consistent in a year-on-year comparison. [Table: see text]

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Cladellas, Ramón, Mercè Clariana, Mar Badia, and Concepción Gotzens. "Academic cheating and gender differences in Barcelona (Spain)." Summa Psicológica 10, no. 1 (July 31, 2013): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.18774/448x.2013.10.37.

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El presente estudio expone las características de la conducta deshonesta en el aula, describe sus causas y examinalas nefastas consecuencias que tiene para el aprendizaje. Con el fin de analizar el estado de la cuestión en nuestropaís, se ha hecho una entrevista psicoeducativa y se ha aplicado un cuestionario a un total de 306 alumnos deúltimo curso de bachillerato, último curso de universidad y último curso de Psicología en Barcelona (España).Se ha comprobado que, igual cómo ocurre en otros países, más de la mitad de los estudiantes reconocen tener elhábito de copiar, y también que los chicos copian más que las chicas. Para finalizar, el trabajo expone estrategiasoperativas para controlar la conducta deshonesta en el aula, que incluyen: incorporar contenidos relacionados conla ética en el currículum, enseñar técnicas de análisis y resumen para evitar que los alumnos se vean obligadosa copiar, y ser muy estrictos con las fechas límite y la aplicación de las normas en las instituciones educativas.

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Baicker, Katherine, Sendhil Mullainathan, and Joshua Schwartzstein. "Behavioral Hazard in Health Insurance *." Quarterly Journal of Economics 130, no. 4 (July 15, 2015): 1623–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjv029.

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Abstract A fundamental implication of standard moral hazard models is overuse of low-value medical care because copays are lower than costs. In these models, the demand curve alone can be used to make welfare statements, a fact relied on by much empirical work. There is ample evidence, though, that people misuse care for a different reason: mistakes, or “behavioral hazard.” Much high-value care is underused even when patient costs are low, and some useless care is bought even when patients face the full cost. In the presence of behavioral hazard, welfare calculations using only the demand curve can be off by orders of magnitude or even be the wrong sign. We derive optimal copay formulas that incorporate both moral and behavioral hazard, providing a theoretical foundation for value-based insurance design and a way to interpret behavioral “nudges.” Once behavioral hazard is taken into account, health insurance can do more than just provide financial protection—it can also improve health care efficiency.

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Pérez Varela, Ana. "Diez copias decimonónicas de una salva portuguesa del siglo XVI en Austria, España y Portugal: en torno a su procedencia y autoría." Liño 26, no. 26 (June 9, 2020): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.17811/li.26.2020.43-54.

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RESUMEN:Este estudio pretende ser el análisis de una serie de piezas de finales del siglo XIX que copian una bella salva lisboeta del siglo XVI conservada en el Kunsthistorisches Museum de Viena, de acuerdo con la mentalidad romántica e historicista de la platería decimonónica. Hemos hallado copias e imi-taciones de la pieza relacionadas con el artista Ricardo Martínez Costoya, platero oficial de la catedral de Santiago de Compostela entre 1886 y 1924; y con Karl Haas, quien dirigió desde 1866 el atelier de galvanoplastia de la Escuela de Artes Aplicadas de Viena. En este estudio trataremos de determinar la curiosa iconografía de la salva; y sobre todo, reflexionar sobre las atribuciones a Martínez basándonos en nuestro conocimiento sobre el artista, y su diferencia con las que nosotros atribuimos a Haas. Palabras Clave: Platería; salva; siglo XVI; siglo XIX; iconografía.

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Zullig, Leah L., Jeffrey M. Peppercorn, Deborah Schrag, Donald H. Taylor, Xiaoyin Zhong, Gregory Samsa, Amy Pickar Abernethy, and Yousuf Zafar. "Copayment assistance and adherence to prescription medication among patients with cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 34_suppl (December 1, 2012): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.34_suppl.57.

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57 Background: The relationship between prescription medication adherence and copay assistance is understudied and directly impacts quality of care. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey study assessing patient-reported failure to take medication as prescribed (nonadherence) and application for copay assistance. Participants were enrolled between 6/2010-5/2011 from the HealthWell Foundation (a copay assistance program) and Duke Cancer Center. Eligible patients were adults receiving treatment for a solid malignancy. Nonadherence was defined as taking a less than prescribed amount of medication, not filling or partially filling a prescription, or taking medications prescribed for someone else. Adherence and receipt of copay assistance were not linked to a specific drug. Logistic regression assessed the association between medication nonadherence, copay assistance application, and financial burden. Results: Among 258 participants, 75% applied for copay assistance. 38% (n=99) reported nonadherence with medications due to cost. Compared to adherent participants, nonadherent participants were more likely to: ask their doctor for a less expensive medication than prescribed (p<0.001); reduce spending on basics like food or clothing to pay for medication (p<0.001); purchase an over-the-counter drug to replace a more costly prescription (p<0.001); borrow/use credit to pay for medications (p<0.001); and talk with doctors about treatment-related costs (p=0.014). In adjusted analyses applying for copay assistance did not change odds of nonadherence. Having a prescription drug plan (OR 6.56, 95% CI 1.69-25.53) and utilizing coping strategies (OR 2.72, 95% CI 2.03-3.65) increased odds of nonadherence; older age (OR 0.93, 95% 0.88-0.98) decreased odds of nonadherence. Conclusions: Medication nonadherence due to cost was prevalent among cancer patients whether or not they applied for copay assistance. To afford medications cancer patients adapted their lifestyles and altered their care. Future research should investigate whether underinsured patients have timely access to copay assistance programs and whether copay assistance impacts the quality of care.

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King, Gregory J., Xiuli Chao, and Izak Duenyas. "Who Benefits When Prescription Drug Manufacturers Offer Copay Coupons?" Management Science 65, no. 8 (August 2019): 3758–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2018.3123.

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The rising cost of prescription drugs is a concern in the United States. To manage drug costs, insurance companies induce patients to choose less-expensive medications by making them pay higher copayments for more-expensive drugs, especially when multiple drug options are available to treat a condition. However, drug manufacturers have responded by offering copay coupons—coupons intended to be used by those already with prescription drug coverage. Recent empirical work has shown that such coupons significantly increase insurer costs without much benefit to patients, who incur lower out-of-pocket expenses with coupons but may eventually see higher costs passed to them. As a result, there is pressure from the insurance industry and consumer advocacy groups to ban copay coupons. In this paper we analyze how copay coupons affect patients, insurance companies, and drug manufacturers, while addressing the question of whether insurance companies would in fact always benefit from a copay coupon ban. We find that copay coupons tend to benefit drug manufacturers with large profit margins relative to other manufacturers, while generally, but not always, benefiting patients; insurer costs tend to increase with coupons from high-price drug manufacturers and decrease with coupons from low-price manufacturers. Although often helping drug manufacturers and increasing insurer costs, we also identify situations in which copay coupons benefit both patients and insurers. Thus, a blanket ban on copay coupons would not necessarily benefit insurance companies. In addition to the policy implications of our work, we make concrete managerial recommendations to insurers. We discuss how they should set formulary selection policies taking into account the fact that drug manufacturers may offer coupons; and we suggest how they can benefit from subsidizing coupons from drug manufacturers with low-price drugs, or from having drug manufacturers compete on price, to receive a favorable formulary position (i.e., copay). This paper was accepted by Yossi Aviv, operations management.

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Rajurkar, Swapnil P., Cary A. Presant, Linda D. Bosserman, and Wendy J. McNatt. "A Copay Foundation Assistance Support Program for Patients Receiving Intravenous Cancer Therapy." Journal of Oncology Practice 7, no. 2 (March 2011): 100–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jop.2010.000112.

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Copay for chemotherapy drugs is a financial hardship for many patients with cancer. The authors have developed a support program to work closely with copay assistance foundations to secure financial assistance for appropriate treatment.

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Rajurkar, S. P., C. Presant, L. Bosserman, and W. McNatt. "A novel copay foundation assistance support program for patients receiving cancer therapy in cancer centers." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2009): 6630. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.6630.

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6630 Background: With advent of newer CT (biotherapy, chemotherapy, and supportive care) treatment is becoming increasingly expensive for cancer pts. Pts enrolled with Medicare and commercial insurance plans often have large copay requirements with each treatment cycle. Often, these pts undergo significant financial hardship and some pts decline treatment. We have developed a novel support program to coordinate all copay assistance foundations (FDNs) in order to secure financial assistance to facilitate appropriate CT. Methods: In September, 2008 in our multi-site cancer center (11 oncologists, 6 CT sites), we developed a dedicated support program to coordinate pt applications to copay assistance FDNs including Healthwell, Cancer Care, Patient Access, Chronic Disease Fund, Beckstarnd Cancer, Lilly Cares, and Leukemia and Lymphoma Society. Pts requesting assistance with CT copay were enrolled in this program. A dedicated staff individual obtained information about diagnosis, insurance, income level, CT plan and associated co-pay requirements. Data was given to FDNs who determined the amount of monetary assistance. Responses of FNDs and administrative costs were analyzed. Results: Of 264 pts started initiating CT between September 2008 and December 2008, 25 (9.3%) requested assistance for either IV or PO treatments. The average interval between the submission of FDN application and date of determination of assistance was 10 days. Out of 83 applications (3.32 applications/pt), 50 (60%) were approved. Ultimately 22/25 pts received FDN support of $113,475. The most common reasons for denial were if the pt's income exceeded a certain level, exclusion of coverage of certain medications and the FDN being out of funds. The administrative costs associated with this program were $18,000/yr ($720/pt, or $217/application). Administrative costs were 1.64% of approved support. More difficulties were encountered with applications for oral CT than IV CT. Conclusions: Copay for CT drugs is a financial hardship for a significant number of pts. Coordinated resources must be provided and reimbursed to facilitate appropriate and sustainable cancer care. This program is a successful model for other centers. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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Shi, Yang Yang, Ming Bo Wu, Yu Wei Wang, and Shi Bin Li. "Effects of Cross-Linking Agents on Synthesis of Heat-Resistant Resin from Ethylene Tar." Applied Mechanics and Materials 217-219 (November 2012): 1159–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.217-219.1159.

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Ethylene tar (ET) was utilized as raw material, 1,4-benzenedimethanol and trioxane as crosslinking agent to prepare condensed poly-nuclear aromatic resin (COPNAR). FT-IR, 1H-NMR, TGA, elemental analysis, and improved Brown-Ladner calculation were systematically conducted for ET, COPNAR, and COPNAR/graphite composites prepared via graphite molding. The ET average molecular structure parameters were calculated using improved Brown-Ladner method, the crosslinking agent was found an important factor for the COPNAR synthesis, and the obtained COPNAR and CONPAR/graphite composites exhibited highly beneficial heat resistance.

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Ayrim, Yelda, Kumru Didem Atalay, and Gülin Feryal Can. "A New Stochastic MCDM Approach Based on COPRAS." International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making 17, no. 03 (May 2018): 857–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219622018500116.

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This study proposes a novel integrated Complex Proportional Assessment (COPRAS) approach by using stochastic decision process named as Stochastic COPRAS (COPRAS-S) to increase the evaluation performance of COPRAS. In COPRAS-S, criteria importance weights and the performance values of alternatives are determined by generating random numbers from uniform distribution in a range of minimum and maximum values of a limited number of decision-maker evaluations. Thus, the numbers of experts are increased and decision-making process is performed in an effective way because different opinions are incorporated. In addition, randomness feature brought with vagueness in decision is modeled in this process. A special normalization approach based on standard deviation is also implemented in COPRAS-S. In this way, cost and benefit type criteria are evaluated in a different way. This proposed stochastic structure for COPRAS is a practical and powerful tool that strengthens the decision.

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Huang, Tang-Hsiu, Chiung-Zuei Chen, Hung-I. Kuo, Hong-Ping Er, and Sheng-Hsiang Lin. "Enhanced risk of traumatic brain injury in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease." Journal of Investigative Medicine 68, no. 4 (December 31, 2019): 846–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jim-2019-001207.

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This study tests our hypothesis that patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have an increased risk of traumatic brain injury (TBI).In this nationwide retrospective cohort study, we used a subset of Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database, involving 1 million randomly selected beneficiaries. Patients with newly diagnosed COPD between 2000 and 2008 were identified. They were subgrouped as ‘COPDAE+’ (if they had severe acute exacerbation of COPD during the follow-ups) or ‘COPDAE−’ (if they had no acute exacerbation), and were frequency matched with randomly selected subjects without COPD (the ‘non-COPD’ group). Baseline differences were balanced by the inverse probability of treatment weighting based on the propensity score. For each patient, the risk of TBI during the subsequent 5 years was determined. The competing risk of death was controlled.We identified 3734 patients in ‘COPDAE+’, and frequency matched them with 11,202 patients in ‘COPDAE−’ and 11,202 subjects in ‘non-COPD’. Compared with those in ‘non-COPD’, patients in ‘COPDAE+’ and ‘COPDAE−’ had an increased risk of TBI: the adjusted HR for ‘COPDAE+’ was 1.50, 95% CI 1.31 to 1.73, and that for ‘COPDAE−’ was 1.21, 95% CI 1.09 to 1.34. The highest risk was observed in the ‘COPDAE+’ group that aged <65 (the adjusted HR was 1.92; 95% CI 1.39 to 2.64).COPD has been linked to complications beyond the respiratory system. In this study we showed that COPD is associated with an increased risk of TBI.

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Dafny, Leemore, Christopher Ody, and Matt Schmitt. "When Discounts Raise Costs: The Effect of Copay Coupons on Generic Utilization." American Economic Journal: Economic Policy 9, no. 2 (May 1, 2017): 91–123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/pol.20150588.

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Branded pharmaceutical manufacturers frequently offer “copay coupons” that insulate consumers from cost-sharing, thereby undermining insurers' ability to influence drug utilization. We study the impact of copay coupons on branded drugs first facing generic entry between 2007 and 2010. To overcome endogeneity concerns, we exploit cross-state and cross-consumer variation in coupon legality. We find that coupons increase branded sales by 60+ percent, entirely by reducing the sales of bioequivalent generics. During the five years following generic entry, we estimate that coupons increase total spending by $30 to $120 million per drug, or $700 million to $2.7 billion for our sample alone. (JEL G22, I13, L11, L65, M31)

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ANDERSON, JANE. "HHS Mandates Copay-Free Contraception." Internal Medicine News 44, no. 13 (August 2011): 8–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1097-8690(11)70649-7.

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ANDERSON, JANE. "HHS Mandates Copay-Free Contraception." Pediatric News 45, no. 8 (August 2011): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-398x(11)70214-4.

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Achina Quimbiulco, Johana Cristina, and Luis Fernando Sarango M. "Análisis de los contenidos comunicacionales culturales de las coplas cayambeñas de la parroquia de Ayora, cantón Cayambe, provincia de Pichincha – Ecuador." Ciencia e Interculturalidad 25, no. 2 (October 11, 2019): 110–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/rci.v25i2.8547.

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Esta investigación analiza los contenidos comunicacionales de las coplas del territorio indígena-mestizo del pueblo Kayambi, Ayora-Cayambe, provincia de Pichincha – Ecuador, desde una perspectiva intercultural, decolonial y de comunicación propia. La información se recogió a partir de entrevistas que permitieron recopilar por primera vez las coplas y su memoria histórica cultural en los abuelos y abuelas de la comunidad y grupos comunitarios. Los testimonios de la población, los resultados de la estadística, el análisis de contenidos de las coplas afirman la existencia de una copla andina, diferente a la copla española. Los principales resultados demuestran que en las coplas antiguas existe mayor contenido relacionado a la convivencia con la naturaleza, se observan temas alusivos a las aves, los ríos, los cerros, los frutos. Por otro lado, que los contenidos negativos de las coplas son circunstanciales y se proliferan ante la ausencia de procesos de creación orientados a cultivar la identidad cultural y no representan la mentalidad o la forma de ser de la población. Del mismo modo se aprecia un enraizamiento con el idioma materno kichwa que revelan que las coplas surgieron en primer momento en idioma Kichwa. El estudio determinó que en las coplas Ayoreñas -Cayambeñas de legado indígena sobresale el sentido comunicativo por encima de la rima por lo que se diferencia de la copla española. Las coplas constituyen un punto que une a la población indígena y mestiza del pueblo Kayambi y el cantón Cayambe, por lo tanto es fundamental promover procesos culturales y comunicacionales que re-encanten el sentido ancestral de esta forma de comunicación propia.

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Bonner, Loren. "Affording Copays: Helping patients afford their copays." Pharmacy Today 22, no. 2 (February 2016): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ptdy.2016.01.016.

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Shi, Yu Kun, Jin Long Xu, Song Lin Wang, Sheng Lin Yang, Jun Hong Jin, and Guang Li. "Effect of Copoly(Ester-Amide 6)(PET-PA6) on Compatibility of PET/PA6 Blended Fibers." Materials Science Forum 993 (May 2020): 709–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.993.709.

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Significant improvement of compatibility in PET/PA6 blends is essential to obtain fibers having enough mechanical strength as well as the comprehensive performance. In this article, copoly (ester-amide 6) was used as compatibilizer to improve the compatibility of PET and PA6. Three copoly (ester-amide 6) s with 5, 10% content of PA6 were prepared by co-polymerization from PTA , EG, as well as PA6 or caprolactam (A6), i.e. polyamide was incorporated both in the form of polymer and monomer, respectively. The sequence length of PET in the copoly (ester-amide 6) s is 33.4, 16.5 and 38.4 for PET-PA6-5%, PET-PA6-10% and PET-A6-5%, respectively, calculated by 13C NMR. Then PET/PA6 blend fibers were fabricated by melting spinning of PET and PA6 with 20 %wt addition of PET-PA6-5%, PET-PA6-10% and PET-A6-5%, respectively, to explore the effect of copoly (ester-amide 6) s on compatibility of PET/PA6 blend fibers, where the mass ratio of PET and PA6 is 85/15. DSC results show that the crystallization peaks of PET and PA6 during cooling from the blend melt become adjacent each other with increasing addition of copoly (ester-amide 6) s, even forming fused crystallization of them. It was found from SEM that the size of PA6 phase decreased and the phase boundary became indistinct due to the presence of copoly (ester-amide 6) s. Further more, the glass transition temperatures (Tg) of PET and PA6 closed to each other based on DMA result. Among these three copoly (ester-amide 6) s, PET-A6-5% display the best effect on the compatibility of PET and PA6 blend fiber, suggesting copoly (ester-amide 6) s could play important role in raise the compatibility of PET and PA6 blend.

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Adelson, Kerin B., Martha Stutsky, Monica Fradkin, Michelle Renee Harrison, Osama Abdelghany, Bret Morrow, Mandeep Smith, et al. "Should Cancer Centers start their own specialty pharmacy? Quality and economic data from the oral chemotherapy program at Smilow Cancer Hospital and Yale New Haven Health System." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 8_suppl (March 10, 2017): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.8_suppl.108.

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108 Background: Recent focus has shown that oral chemotherapy is high risk for medical error. Our QOPI certification process identified that oral oncologic processes were marked by: lack of documentation in the EMR, patients receiving refills from third party pharmacies after prescription discontinuation, incorrect self-administration of medications due to lack of education, delivery delays, high copays, and underuse of available patient assistance programs. Methods: A multidisciplinary task force developed a program to expedite drug access, standardize consent, and ensure clinical support including education, adherence and toxicity monitoring. We expanded an existing health-system pharmacy to provide specialty services. Treatment protocols were created for every oral oncologic drug, which are routed to a clinical oncology pharmacist and the specialty pharmacy. Nursing and pharmacist verify all orders. Medication Assistance Program for copay support. Day 1, 5 and 21 pharmacist to patient calls. Multidisciplinary flow sheet documentation. Results: Today, 80% of our patients receive medication within 72 hours. Specialty pharmacists monitor toxicity even for patients whose prescriptions are filled by other pharmacies. Pharmacists have prevented more than 400 prescription errors. Today, monthly revenue before cost for the oral chemotherapy program is nearly than $4 million. The total revenue since initiation in February 2015 is over $44 million, yielding an approximately $9 million margin after costs. Funding through the medication assistance program exceeded $1 million thus far in 2016, with an average of 140 patients receiving assistance each month. Conclusions: A patient-centered multidisciplinary model integrating clinical, operational, financial, and IT resources optimized care for patients receiving oral oncologic therapy. This project transferred revenue from for-profit third party pharmacies to our non-profit health system, and revenue is used to provide enhanced education, monitoring, and patient assistance. Our collaborative improvement model can be adapted to many practice settings.

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Teixeira, Evandro Luis. "Jacques Copeau: uma vida dedicada à renovação do teatro." DAPesquisa 2, no. 4 (November 26, 2019): 062–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5965/1808312902042007062.

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O presente artigo é resultado do Projeto de Pesquisa Poética, Ética e Estética na Pedagogia Teatral de Jacques Copeau – financiado pelo PROBIC/UDESC – que se propõe a pesquisar os textos de Jacques Copeau ainda não disponíveis em Língua Portuguesa, através das traduções do orientador Prof. Dr. José Ronaldo Faleiro e de outros autores que discutem a sua obra. O objetivo deste artigo é possibilitar maiores esclarecimentos sobre a vida e a obra de Jacques Copeau.

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26

Norwood, James, and John Rudlin. "Jacques Copeau." Theatre Journal 40, no. 2 (May 1988): 285. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3207675.

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27

Walshe, Karen. "Terence Copley." British Journal of Religious Education 34, no. 1 (January 2012): 117–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01416200.2012.639138.

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28

Carvalho, Marie J. "Coplas/Verses." Missouri Review 29, no. 1 (2006): 110–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mis.2006.0039.

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29

De La Rosa, Paco. "Coplas flamencas." La pensée de midi N° 28, no. 2 (April 9, 2009): 132–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/lpm.028.0132.

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30

Martos, Josep-Lluís. "Manuscritos e incunables en el entorno de los Reyes Católicos: el cancionero EM6." Rilce: Revista de Filología Hispánica 37, no. 1 (December 21, 2020): 319–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.15581/008.37.1.319-46.

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Este trabajo estudia los datos externos e internos del cancionero EM6, lo que supone una importante novedad, al haber recibido muy poca atención codicológica. Este es, sin embargo, el punto de partida para una metodología que combina las técnicas historiográficas con las filológicas: la llamada filología material. Así, se analizan las diferentes secciones de este cancionero con criterios ecdóticos y filológicos, de lo que se concluye lo siguiente: a) el estadio textual de las Coplas de la vita Christi es inmediatamente anterior a su versión impresa y debe singularizarse frente al testimonio del cancionero SA4a; b) las obras que se copian a continuación presentan diferencias de orden, de duplicidad y de mutilaciones respecto del impreso de Centenera de 1483, pero son indudablemente un codex descriptus de este; c) se delimita y confirma la materialidad de los tres impresos cosidos tras el cancionero de Íñigo de Mendoza, cuya datación coincide con el periodo de Isabel como reina de Portugal; d) se determina que, como los tres impresos incorporados a este manuscrito, la copia del Repertorio de los tiempos proviene del incunable impreso por Fadrique de Basilea en 1493 y no del producido por Juan de Burgos en 1495. Como conclusión principal, se enmarca este cancionero en el entorno de los Reyes Católicos y se atribuye a Martín de Mendieta, un hombre de cámara de la reina y de la princesa Isabel, de cuyos libros personales custodia una parte unos años después de su muerte.

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31

Chatterjee, Prasenjit, and Shankar Chakraborty. "Materials selection using COPRAS and COPRAS-G methods." International Journal of Materials and Structural Integrity 6, no. 2/3/4 (2012): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmsi.2012.049951.

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32

Lu, Yunhua, Jican Hao, Guoyong Xiao, Lin Li, Zhizhi Hu, and Tonghua Wang. "Optical, thermal and gas separation properties of acetate-containing copoly(ether-imide)s based on 6FDA and fluorenyl diamines." High Performance Polymers 31, no. 9-10 (January 9, 2019): 1101–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954008318822118.

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The diamine, 9,9-bis[4-(4-amino-3-hydroxylphenoxy)phenyl]fluorene (BAHPPF) was synthesized by the modified two-step method. Then, a series of acetate-containing copoly(ether-imide)s were prepared by the copolymerization of BAHPPF, 9,9-bis(4-aminophenyl)fluorene (BAF) and 2,2′-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)hexafluoropropane dianhydride (6FDA) followed by chemical imidization. The structures and properties of the BAHPPF and copoly(ether-imide)s were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer (NMR), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer (UV-VIS), and tensile testing. Single gas permeation performances of these copoly(ether-imide)s were also studied for five representative gases of interest including H2, O2, N2, CO2, and CH4. The experimental results showed that the copoly(ether-imide)s showed excellent optical properties with high light transmittance above 80.2% at 450 nm. The glass transition temperature of these copolymers were higher than 333°C. Their tensile strength and Young’s module also increased, and the elongation decreased with the decrease of BAHPPF. High gas permeabilities of copoly(ether-imide)s were obtained, and the ideal selectivity of CO2/CH4 was improved due to the introduction of acetate group and flexible ether linkage. These copoly(ether-imide)s could be applied to the field of optics and gas separation.

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Singleton, Chloe, Stephen Hearnshaw, Liang Zhou, Nick E. Le Brun, and Andrew M. Hemmings. "Mechanistic insights into Cu(I) cluster transfer between the chaperone CopZ and its cognate Cu(I)-transporting P-type ATPase, CopA." Biochemical Journal 424, no. 3 (December 10, 2009): 347–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20091079.

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Multinuclear Cu(I) clusters are common in nature, but little is known about their formation or transfer between proteins. CopZ and CopA from Bacillus subtilis, which are involved in a copper-efflux pathway, both readily accommodate multinuclear Cu(I) clusters. Using the luminescence properties of a multinuclear Cu(I)-bound form of the two N-terminal soluble domains of CopA (CopAab) we have investigated the thermodynamic and kinetic properties of cluster formation and loss. We demonstrate that Cu(I)-bound forms of dimeric CopZ containing more than one Cu(I) per CopZ monomer can transfer Cu(I) to apo-CopAab, leading to the formation of luminescent dimeric CopAab. Kinetic studies demonstrated that transfer is a first-order process and that the rate-determining steps for transfer from CopZ to CopAab and vice versa are different processes. The rate of formation of luminescent CopAab via transfer of Cu(I) from CopZ was more rapid than that observed when Cu(I) was added ‘directly’ from solution or in complex with a cysteine variant of CopZ, indicating that transfer occurs via a transient protein–protein complex. Such a complex would probably require the interaction of at least one domain of CopAab with the CopZ dimer. Insight into how such a complex might form is provided by the high resolution crystal structure of Cu3(CopZ)3, a thus far unique trimeric form of CopZ containing a trinuclear Cu(I) cluster. Modelling studies showed that one of the CopZ monomers can be substituted for either domain of CopAab, resulting in a heterotrimer, thus providing a model for a ‘trapped’ copper exchange complex.

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SCHNEIDER, MARY ELLEN. "Medicare Offers No-Copay Obesity Counseling." Internal Medicine News 45, no. 1 (January 2012): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1097-8690(12)70058-6.

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35

Kricheldorf, Hans R., and Thorsten Krawinkel. "LC Polyimides 29. Non-Crystalline Cholesteric Copoly(Ester-Imide)s Derived from Adipic Acid and Isosorbide." High Performance Polymers 9, no. 2 (June 1997): 91–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-0083/9/2/002.

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Numerous cholesteric copoly(ester-imide)s were prepared from mixtures of isosorbide and tert.-buthylhydroquinone (or other diphenols), on the one hand, and mixtures of adipoylchloride and N-(4-chlorocarbonylphenyl) trimellitimide chloride on the other. When the molar ratio of isosorbide/diphenol was varied, Grandjean textures were only observed for low concentrations of isosorbide (5/95 or 10/90). In the case of adipoylchloride/imide dichloride molar ratios of 30/70–50/50 favoured the formation of Grandjean textures. Most copoly(esterimide)s were non-crystalline with glass transition temperatures ( Tgs) between 90 and 190 °C. In several cases the Grandjean textures were frozen in by cooling below Tg. Such copoly(esterimide)s may be useful as pigments. All copoly(ester-imide)s containing methylhydroquinone were semicrystalline with melting temperatures in the range of 240–270 °C.

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Liennard, Alain. "Valorisation flexible du coprah des fruits du cocotier, arbre de vie en Polynésie française." BOIS & FORETS DES TROPIQUES 302, no. 302 (December 1, 2009): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/bft2009.302.a20402.

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L'essor économique des nations et pays du Pacifique est intimement lié au secteur agricole et en particulier à la commercialisation du coprah, lequel s'avère générateur d'emplois et de devises quand son exportation devient notable. C'est le cas en Polynésie française dont la production de coprah est modeste par rapport à celle d'Indonésie, qui assure de l'ordre de 30 % de la production mondiale, alors que les navires qui naguère collectaient quasiment tous les atolls ne passent plus si les chargements ne sont pas importants. Le maintien de l'équilibre économique et social dans cette région polynésienne dépend aussi de la consommation durable de coprah et de son huile. C'est à cet effet qu'une réflexion la plus innovante possible a été menée pour connaître toutes les opportunités d'utilisation de l'huile de coprah, en particulier la valorisation énergétique, génératrice de multiples externalités positives. (Résumé d'auteur)

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37

Lisbona Guillén, Miguel. "Un carnaval inventado. El disfraz de lo Zoque en el Chiapas contemporáneo." Revista de Museología "Kóot", no. 4 (February 8, 2016): 103–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/koot.v0i4.2252.

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Esta artículo tiene como finalidad reflexionar sobre una fiesta nacida en el año 2007, el Carnaval de Copoya, una localidad perteneciente al municipio de Tuxtla Gutiérrez, capital del estado de Chiapas (México).La carnestolenda no es una construcción reciente en el mundo, y tiempo habrá en estas páginas para profundizar en ello, pero sí llama la atención que en la localidad de Copoya, a escasos cinco kilómetros de la capital chiapaneca, surgiera una festividad cuando ya existía un carnaval celebrado conjuntamente por los que se reconocen como zoques en Copoya y en Tuxtla Gutiérrez.

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38

Monak, Melissa, Georgina T. Rodgers, Kimberly Bell, Antoinette Whitt, Shontia Gamble, Laron Jones, Tamara Mason, and Ni'Ema Lewis. "Development of a financial navigation program to ease the burden of financial toxicity." Journal of Clinical Oncology 36, no. 30_suppl (October 20, 2018): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2018.36.30_suppl.124.

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124 Background: Due to the rising cost of cancer care, even well-insured patients are at risk for financial toxicity. Cancer treatment costs can be challenging for patients and families because of increasing deductibles, increasing premiums and frequent co-payments. At Cleveland Clinic Cancer Centers, our goal is to identify patients at risk for financial distress and help ease the financial stress and hardship associated with cancer care. Methods: The Financial Navigator (FN) role was created in 2016 to complete benefits investigations to determine covered services and minimize the patient’s out of pocket expenses. We are participants in the Oncology Care Model and are expected to provide and document the estimated out-of-pocket costs in the patient’s medical record. Navigators conduct telephone outreach calls with treatment patients to educate them on their benefits. The FN also assists with applications on copay assistance and free drug options. Finally, the FN will connect patients with resources for premium assistance and household expenses when copay assistance isn’t an option. The FN team has grown to 7 FTE’s since 2016. Results: Since 2016 the dollar amount approved through copay assistance applications has increased by 65%, the free drug value received increased by 62%, and YTD 2018 data shows that we have surpassed all of 2017 in what we collected towards patient out of pockets from copay assistance programs. We have also been able to comply with the out of pocket expense metric for OCM, not only for our Medicare patients, but for all of our treatment patients and compliance has risen from 44% in December 2017 to 98% in April 2018. Conclusions: In conclusion our Navigators have built relationships with Social Workers, Care Coordinators, and community services that are available to patients. This added benefit helps patients with non-medical financial stressors. The team can connect patients to organizations that can assist with household utilities, childcare concerns, food concerns, and mortgages. Utilization of the FN role has helped the healthcare team and patients to identify ways to mitigate the costs of care and distress related to financial concerns.

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39

Cáseda Teresa, Jesús Fernando. "En torno a Rodrigo Cota y la autoría de las Coplas del provincial." Sefarad 79, no. 1 (July 12, 2019): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/sefarad.019-004.

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En este estudio se atribuye la autoría de las Coplas del provincial a Rodrigo Cota. Establezco dicha autoría a partir de lo que dice Juan Álvarez Gato en un poema y de las abundantes referencias a la familia de Pedrarias Dávila, cuñado de Cota, que hallamos en el texto. Pongo en relación las Coplas del provincial con las obras que conocemos de Rodrigo Cota, y encuentro interesantes coincidencias. Establezco la causa de la escritura de las Coplas del provincial (sentencia arbitral de Medina del Campo), tras situar el espacio (Madrid) y tiempo (primavera de 1465) del poema.

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40

Sosa-González, Wadi Elim, Ramón del Jesús Palí-Casanova, Yamile Pérez-Padilla, María Isabel Loría-Bastarrachea, José Luis Santiago-García, and Manuel de Jesús Aguilar-Vega. "Sulfonated aromatic copoly(ether–amide) membranes II." High Performance Polymers 30, no. 4 (March 30, 2017): 437–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954008317699863.

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Several aromatic sulfonated copoly(ether–amide)s, based on the aromatic diamines 4,4′-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)bis(p-phenyleneoxy)-dianiline (HFD) and 2,4-diaminobenzensulfonic acid (DABS) and 4,4′-oxybis(benzoic acid) (OBA), were synthesized through a polycondensation reaction. The sulfonation degree was controlled by introducing different concentrations of 2,4-DABS from 40 mol% up to 80 mol%. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance validated the expected concentrations of sulfonic acid groups in the sulfonated aromatic copoly(ether–amide)s. Thermal decomposition of sulfonic groups was found to initiate at 280°C, while main chain decomposition initiates at 410°C. Proton conductivity between 30°C and 75°C was 19.0 and 45.0 mS/cm, respectively, for the copolymer with the highest concentration of sulfonic groups (–SO3H). Comparison with structurally similar sulfonated copolyamides and copoly(ether–amide)s indicates that these new sulfonated copoly(ether–amide)s based on 4,4′-OBA show improved mechanical properties, but a decrease in ion exchange capacity and proton conductivity.

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41

Ahmed, Mehboob, Shazia Riaz, Syed Nasir Abbas, and Fahim Rehman. "Pediatric Hodgkin Lymphoma-Treatment Outcome with COPDac/ABVD Combination Chemotherapy – Single Institution Experience." Blood 124, no. 21 (December 6, 2014): 5449. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.5449.5449.

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Abstract Background: We describe single center experience of using ABVD/COPDac . This regimen was adapted due to perceived excessive toxicity with OEPA/COPDac by treating physicians. Hodgkin lymphoma is being treated with multiple treatment regimens single agent or in combination. MOPP (mechlorethamine, vincristine, procarbazine and prednisolone) has been standard treatment for almost two decads. But it had significant toxic effects including infertility in both genders, myelosuppression and second malignancies . ChlvPP( chlorambucil, vincristine, procarbazine and prednisolone ) has comparable efficacy and toxicities to MOPP . ABVD( Adriamycin, bleomycin, vincristine and doxorubicin ) was mostly used as second line with high activity without permanent male sterility, myelodysplasia or risk of leukemia. Objective : We describe single center experience of using ABVD/COPDac . This regimen was adapted due to perceived excessive toxicity with OEPA/COPDac by treating physicians. Results 62 patients out of 301( 20.6%) with age range of 2-18 years were treated with COPDac/ABVD alternating courses depending on the treatment group from 2012 to date. Out of this 62, 49 (79%) are on follow up and are free from disease relapse or recurrence. Mean duration of follow up is 12 months with a range of 8-16 months. No patient lost to follow up. No death reported due to any cause during or after completion of treatment till last follow up. 9 out of 62 has had progression of disease while on this treatment protocol (15%) and 4 out of 62(6%) has had relapse after completion of the therapy. Conclusion In our single center experience of ABVD/COPDac as first line therapy seems effective and safe when compared with historical published literature. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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Monak, Melissa, Kimberly Bell, and Antoinette Whitt. "Development of a financial navigation program to ease the burden of financial toxicity." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2019): 6565. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.6565.

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6565 Background: Due to the rising cost of cancer care, even well-insured patients are at risk for financial toxicity. Cancer treatment costs can be challenging for patients and families because of increasing deductibles, increasing premiums and frequent co-payments. At Cleveland Clinic Cancer Centers, our goal is to identify patients at risk for financial distress and help ease the financial stress and hardship associated with cancer care. Methods: In 2015 we initiated huddles for all new patients to ensure seven day access for our patients as well as out of network authorizations. During this work we identified the need for a position to help manage the costs of care for our patients. The Financial Navigator (FN) role was created in 2016 to complete benefits investigations to determine covered services and minimize the patient’s out of pocket expenses. We are participants in the Oncology Care Model and are expected to provide and document the estimated out-of-pocket costs in the patient’s medical record. Navigators conduct telephone outreach calls with treatment patients to educate them on their benefits. The FN also assists with applications on copay assistance and free drug options. Finally, the FN will connect patients with resources for premium assistance and household expenses when copay assistance isn’t an option. The FN team has grown to 7 FTE’s since 2016. Results: Since 2016 the dollar amount approved through copay assistance applications has increased by 70%, the free drug value received increased by 55%, and end of year 2018 data shows that we more than doubled what was collected towards patient out of pocket costs from copay assistance programs compared to 2017. We have also been able to comply with the out of pocket expense metric for OCM, not only for our Medicare patients, but for all of our treatment patients and compliance has risen from 44% in December 2017 to 98% in April 2018 and we continued to obtain a goal of 96% or higher throughout 2018. Conclusions: In conclusion our Navigators have built relationships with Social Workers, Care Coordinators, and community services that are available to patients. This added benefit helps patients with non-medical financial stressors. The team can connect patients to organizations that can assist with household utilities, childcare concerns, food concerns, and mortgages. Utilization of the FN role has helped the healthcare team and patients to identify ways to mitigate the costs of care and distress related to financial concerns.

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43

Hajiagha, Seyed Hossein Razavi, Shide Sadat Hashemi, and Edmundas Kazimieras Zavadskas. "A COMPLEX PROPORTIONAL ASSESSMENT METHOD FOR GROUP DECISION MAKING IN AN INTERVAL-VALUED INTUITIONISTIC FUZZY ENVIRONMENT." Technological and Economic Development of Economy 19, no. 1 (April 2, 2013): 22–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/20294913.2012.762953.

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Multi-criteria decision making is an implicational field that concerns with selecting or designing the best scenarios among a finite set of scenarios based on a finite set of criteria. Different methods and techniques for handling this issue have been proposed. Complex proportional assessment is an analytical tool for solving multi-criteria decision making problems. Originally, the COPRAS method has been developed for decision making under a deterministic environment. Since uncertainty is an unavoidable property of decision making due to a lack of knowledge, this paper suggests an extended form of the COPRAS method used for group decision making problems in an uncertain environment where such uncertainty is captured through a generalized form of fuzzy sets - the so called interval valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets. An algorithmic scheme for the COPRAS-IVIF method has been introduced thus examining its application with reference to two numerical examples. It seems that the recommended framework of COPRAS-IVIF can be satisfactorily implemented in decision making problems under ambiguous and ill-defined conditions.

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44

Bae, Youngsook. "Comparison of Postural Sway, Plantar Cutaneous Sensation According to Saccadic Eye Movement Frequency in Young Adults." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 19 (September 27, 2020): 7067. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17197067.

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The crossover trial study aimed to identify the saccadic eye movement (SEM) frequency to improve postural sway (PS) and plantar cutaneous sensation (PUS) in young adults. The 17 participants randomly performed 0.5-, 2-, and 3-Hz SEM. The SEM frequency was determined to allow the target to appear once per 2 s (0.5 Hz), twice per second (2 Hz), or thrice per second (3 Hz). SEM performance time was 3 min with a washout period of 5 min. PS and PUS were measured at baseline and during 0.5-Hz, 2-Hz, and 3-Hz SEMs using a Zebris FDM 1.5 force plate. PS was determined by measuring the sway area, path length, and speed of center of pressure (COP) displacement, and PUS was determined via the plantar surface area (PSA). In PS parameters, there was a significant difference among the SEM frequencies in the COPsway area PSAleft foot and PSAright foot. Compared to that at baseline, COPsway area decreased at 0.5 Hz and 2 Hz, while PSAleft foot and PSAright foot increased at 2 Hz. These results suggest that 2 Hz SEM may improve PS and PSA.

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45

Gilmore, David D. "Sex and Symbol in Andalusian Comic Poetry." Disparidades. Revista de Antropología 50, no. 1 (March 25, 2020): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/rdtp.1995.v50.i1.298.

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Este artículo presenta unas coplas de chirigota compuestas por desempeño público durante el carnaval en una villa agraria de la provincia de Sevilla. Las coplas están compuestas entre los años 40 y 90. Representando un género folklórico burlesco social específicamente andaluz, las coplas son una prerrogativa solamente masculina, escritas por los «maestros de murga» e interpretadas por cantores masculinos («murguistas»). Basadas en imágenes eróticas, metáforas genitales y alegorías obscenas, las letras comunican una ideología masculina sobre la sexualidad, las relaciones entre el hombre y la mujer y la domesticidad. Concluye el artículo con una breve interpretación de las letras de chirigota, basándose el análisis en el concepto de «realismo grotesco» propuesto por el crítico ruso Bakhtin.

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46

Kricheldorf, Hans R., and Thorsten Krawinkel. "LC Polyimides 31. Non-Crystalline Cholesteric Poly(Ester-Imide)s Based on Isosorbide and 1,6-Hexanediol." High Performance Polymers 9, no. 2 (June 1997): 121–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-0083/9/2/004.

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Numerous cholesteric copoly(ester-imide)s were prepared by polycondensation of N-(4-carboxyphenyl)trimellitimide (in the form of the dichloride) with isosorbide and various diphenols. 1, 6-hexanediol was incorporated as a flexibilizing component in various molar ratios. In two cases 1, 1′-decanediol was used. All copoly(ester-imide)s proved to be non-crystalline materials with glass transition temperatures ( Tgs) between 110 and 180 °C and a broad cholesteric melt. Most copoly(ester-imide)s derived from substituted hydroquinones were capable of forming a Grandjean texture upon shearing and of fixing the Grandjean texture upon cooling below Tg. However, 2, 7-dihydroxynaphthalene proved to be unfavourable for the formation of a Grandjean texture.

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47

Moubayed-Breil, J., and A. Dia. "Chaetocladius coppai sp. nov. and C. diai sp. nov., two mountain species inhabiting glacial springs and cold streams of the Alps and Lebanon (Diptera: Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae)." Zoosystematica Rossica 26, no. 2 (December 25, 2017): 369–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.31610/zsr/2017.26.2.369.

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Two new species of the genus Chaetocladius are described, C. (s. str.) coppai sp. nov. as male adult and C. (s. str.) diai sp. nov. as male adult and pupa. The descriptions are based on the material collected at glacial alpine springs and small streams located in the Maritime French Alps and the Swiss Alps for C. coppai sp. nov., and the Mount Lebanon range for C. diai sp. nov. According to the characters of the adult males, C. coppai sp. nov. belongs to the laminatus-group, while C. diai sp. nov. is close to C. elegans Makarchenko et Makarchenko, 2001. The comments on the taxonomic position, ecology and geographical distribution of the new species are given.

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48

Berger, Martin A., and James T. Flexner. "John Singleton Copley." Journal of the Early Republic 14, no. 2 (1994): 258. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3124229.

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49

Zhang, Jiaqiang, Kuo-Chin Chiu, Wei-Chun Lin, and Szu-Yuan Wu. "Survival Impact of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease or Acute Exacerbation on Patients with Rectal Adenocarcinoma Undergoing Curative Resection: A Propensity Score-Matched, Population-Based Cohort Study." Cancers 13, no. 16 (August 22, 2021): 4221. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13164221.

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Purpose: The survival effect of current smoking-related chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and COPD with acute exacerbation (COPDAE) is unclear for patients with rectal adenocarcinoma undergoing curative resection. Methods: We recruited patients with clinical stage I–IIIC rectal adenocarcinoma from the Taiwan Cancer Registry Database who had received surgery. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to analyze all-cause mortality. We categorized the patients into two groups by using propensity score matching based on COPD status to compare overall survival outcomes: Group 1 (current smokers with COPD) and Group 2 (nonsmokers without COPD). Results: In the multivariate Cox regression analyses, the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR; 95% confidence interval (CI)) of all-cause mortality for Group 1 compared with Group 2 was 1.25 (1.04–1.51). The aHRs (95% cis) of all-cause mortality for frequency of ≥1 hospitalizations for COPDAE or ≥2 hospitalizations within 1 year before diagnosis were 1.17 (1.05–1.51) and 1.48 (1.03–2.41) compared with no COPDAE in patients with rectal adenocarcinoma undergoing curative resection. Conclusion: In patients with rectal adenocarcinoma undergoing curative resection, being a current smoker with COPD (Group 1) was associated with worse survival outcomes than being a nonsmoker without COPD (Group 2). Being hospitalized at least once for COPDAE within 1 year before the diagnosis of rectal adenocarcinoma is an independent risk factor for poor overall survival in these patients, and a higher number of hospitalizations for COPDAE within 1 year before diagnosis was associated with poorer survival.

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ANDERSON, JANE. "Feds Mandate Copay-Free Contraception by 2012." Family Practice News 41, no. 13 (August 2011): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0300-7073(11)70660-0.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Copway'

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