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1
Obasohan, Phillips Edomwonyi, Paul Gana, Mahmud A. Mustapha, Ahmed Egbako Umar, Audu Makada, and Dorcas Nike Obasohan. "Decision Making Autonomy and Maternal Healthcare Utilization among Nigerian Women." International Journal of MCH and AIDS (IJMA) 8, no. 1 (March 20, 2019): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.21106/ijma.264.
Full textAbstract:
Background and Objectives: Low assess to ante-natal care (ANC) services continue to pose a major public health challenge leading to high maternal mortality rates in developing countries. Non-utilization of ANC services among about a quarter of Nigerian women of reproductive age remains a major concern in the actualization of Sustainable Development Goals. Considering the complexity of healthcare utilization in Nigeria, the relationship between a particular health care utilization pattern and women autonomy has not been fully examined. This study examines the patterns of women autonomy and their relationships with ANC utilization in Nigeria.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional analysis of the 2013 nationally representative data from the Nigerian Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS). Factor analysis/score were used to construct women autonomy index, while chi-square and logistic regression were used to establish the relationships between the response and exposure variables.
Results: There is a strong relationship between women decision making autonomy status and ANC services among Nigeria women. The odds of utilizing ANC services among women with more decision making autonomy were significantly 3.79 higher than among women with low decision-making autonomy. The use of ANC increases as age, education and wealth status of respondents increase.
Conclusions and Global Health Implications: These results indicate that women autonomy is undoubtedly a major determinant of ANC utilization in Nigeria.
Key words: Autonomy, Antenatal Care, Logistic Regression Analysis; Factor analysis
Copyright © 2019 Obasohan et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.affect economic and health promotion.
2
Obuekwe, Ifeyinwa Sarah, Umar Saleh Anka, Sodiq Opeyemi Ibrahim, and Usman Ahmad Adam. "Quantifying The Significance of Distance to Temporal Dynamics of Covid-19 Cases in Nigeria Using a Geographic Information System." Geosfera Indonesia 6, no. 1 (April 25, 2021): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/geosi.v6i1.21405.
Full textAbstract:
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by a new strain of coronavirus that spreads primarily by close contact. Although Nigeria adopted lockdown measures, no defined strategies were used in setting the distance threshold for these lockdowns. Hence, understanding the drivers of COVID-19 is pivotal to an informed decision for containment measures in the absence of vaccines. Spatial and temporal analyses are crucial drivers to apprehending the pattern of diseases over space and time. Thus, this study aimed to quantify the significance of distance to the temporal dynamics of COVID-19 cases in Nigeria using the Geographic Information System. Incremental spatial autocorrelation was used to analyze datasets of each month in ArcGIS. March, April, May, and June exhibited patterns with no significant peaks, while July and August exhibited patterns with two statistically significant peaks. The first and second peaks of July were 301,338.39 and 365,947.83 meters, respectively, while August was 301,338.39 and 336,128.09 meters, respectively. Therefore, a significant difference in the clustering of COVID-19 over distances between July and August was established. This indicated that progression in the spread of the virus increased the virus's spatial coverage while the distance of risk of exposure decreased. This study's findings could be utilized to establish maximum movement restriction areas to contain the spread of COVID-19.
Keywords: Distance; Incremental spatial autocorrelation; Covid-19; Disease; Nigeria
Copyright (c) 2021 Geosfera Indonesia and Department of Geography Education, University of Jember
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3
Agaja, Toluwalope Mubo, Elisha Ademola Adeleke, Enekole Esther Adeniyi, and Precious Temilade Afolayan. "The Assessment of Deforestation Impact Towards Microclimate and Environment in Ilorin, Nigeria." Geosfera Indonesia 5, no. 3 (December 30, 2020): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/geosi.v5i3.16874.
Full textAbstract:
Nigeria obtains high rate of deforestation with a loss of about 60 percent of its primary forests between 2000 and 2005 as a result of logging, subsistence agriculture, wood exploitation, and urban expansion.This research assessed the level of deforestation and how it has affected Ilorin’s microclimate and the environments. The specific objectives of this study were assessing the relationship that occurs between deforestation and microclimate, examining deforestation and the impact it has within the study area of microclimate, and forecasting the microclimate within the study area by the year 2030. The statistical tools engaged were both descriptive (mean, frequency distribution table and, bar charts) and inferential statistics (multiple regression analysis). The research indicated that there is a significant relationship between deforestation with r2 variables of 0.888 for maximum temperature, 0.201 for minimum temperature, 0.997 for precipitation, 0.43 for solar output, -0.797 and -0.873 for evapotranspiration and relative humidity respectively and Ilorin’s microclimate. The study concludes that deforestation greatly influences the microclimate of Ilorin and occurs due to human’s anthropogenic activities. Deforestation has also led to climate change.
Keywords: Deforestation; Climate; Micro-climate; Vegetation Cover
Copyright (c) 2020 Geosfera Indonesia Journal and Department of Geography Education, University of Jember
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4
Ifabiyi, P. I., B. Oladele, and Wahab Salau. "Water Poverty Assessment in Olorunsogo Local Government Area of Oyo State, Nigeria." Geosfera Indonesia 5, no. 1 (April 10, 2020): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/geosi.v5i1.13438.
Full textAbstract:
Poor access to water is often linked to poverty, human welfare, health, nutritional status, and household labour. This paper is aimed at contributing to the debate surrounding water poverty in the rural areas. Primary data obtained covering water resources, access, capacity, uses, and environment were collected using closed-ended questionnaires. Altogether, 370 household heads were sampled and were selected by systematic random sampling technique. Multiple correlations, factor analysis and multiple regression methods were used to determine the level of relationship between the Water Poverty Index (WPI) components. The results revealed that: WPI is the highest in Elenke/Sagbo (72.3%) and the lowest in Onigbeti II/Sagbon (55.5%). Also, WPI has a strong positive relationship with resources (r = .656), capacity (r = .705) and environment at 95%. Percentages of explanations of WPI ranges from 86.45% in Onigbeti I to 50.99% in Aboke.The results of multiple regression between WPI and components showed that components were weak predictors in 5 wards (Onigbeti III &IV, Onigbeti II , Onigbeti I, Seriki Agbele Aboke and Abogun wards). The paper posits that access to water in Olorunsogo Local Government Area (LGA) is generally reasonable. The paper suggests stronger government presence to improve and sustain the level of access.
Keywords : Water Poverty; Access; Capacity; Uses; Environment; Resources; Factor Analysis
Copyright (c) 2020 Geosfera Indonesia Journal and Department of Geography Education, University of Jember
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5
Abdulkadir, Usman Bolaji, and Animashaun Kikelomo Halimat. "Inland Water Transport and Urban Mobility in Ikorodu-Ebutte Ero Route, Lagos, Nigeria." Geosfera Indonesia 5, no. 1 (April 27, 2020): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/geosi.v5i1.14714.
Full textAbstract:
Lagos city has abundant navigable inland waterways which if fully harnessed would help minimise road traffic congestion, pollution and provide low cost means of long distance travel within the city. This study examines inland water transport services on Lagos lagoon focusing on Ikorodu-Ebutte Ero route. Primary data were obtained using structured questionnaires. While, secondary data were sourced from relevant government and private agencies. Data were analysed using descriptive techniques including frequency counts, tables and graphs. The results revealed an inadequate provision of terminal facilities and vessels in the area. It was also found that most (67.3%) of the trips via water transport in the were mainly for work purpose. In addition, low patronage was observed and it was found to be mostly due to comparatively high cost of fares and passenger safety concerns, as indicated by 67.4% and 58.7% of the respondents respectively. Furthermore, high income earners where found to patronise this mode than low income earners. The high frequency of use of water transport by the respondents (71.3% travel by water every day) indicates that, this mode has great potential of being widely adopted, if greater attention is given to its development by both the government and private sector. There is, therefore, a need for more investment in water transportation in the area through the provision of modern infrastructure and vessels.
Keywords: urban mobility; inland waterways; transport services; sustainable transportation; integrated transport.
Copyright (c) 2020 Geosfera Indonesia Journal and Department of Geography Education, University of Jember
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6
Piyu Parth, Naik, and Lorenzo Martini. "A simple Van der Heijde’s Disease Activity Score to determine if a patient has contracted the new Nigerian variant or suffers from the Betcherew’s syndrome." Our Dermatology Online 12, e (August 28, 2021): e64-e64. http://dx.doi.org/10.7241/ourd.2021e.64.
Full textAbstract:
Sir, A new strain of coronavirus first detected in Nigeria has made its way into the UK, with 32 cases reported. Eminent experts have warned the variant may prove resistant to all types of the vaccines. Coronavirus has undergone yet another mutation and this one has made its way on to UK soil from Nigeria. There are growing fears that the variant will evade vaccine antibodies after it was revealed it contains the 484K mutation to the spike protein. Last month, a Nigerian scientist suggested the variant may cause more severe signs and symptoms [1–3]. It has been affirmed that the variants discovered in the UK and South Africa, are distantly different from the variants discovered in Nigeria, and that clinically is the most severe as far as signs and symptoms. are concerned. Generally, severe signs and symptoms associated with COVID-19 include worsened shortness of breath and pneumonia. According to the health body, these symptoms may surface about a week after symptoms start. In addition to the main symptoms of coronavirus, other symptoms include: • Muscle aches • Chills • Sore throat • Runny nose • Headache • Chest pain • Pink eyes. • Actually, Nigerian variant is more contagious than other mutations. Nigerian variant is weaker than other mutations. Nigerian variant is characterized by highest fever. In Nigerian variant no fever is observed. Nigerian variant is lethal to children. Nigerian variant is lethal to elder. Too many are informations about this newest covid strain that involves UK and Denmark, even if other countries that have entered at least one genome of this variant in the online database are Nigeria, the US, France, Canada, Ghana, Australia, Japan, Italy, Netherlands, Jordan, Singapore, Finland, Switzerland, Mayotte, Belgium and Spain. While there is no information on what this means for this genome there is growing evidence that it may impact how effective COVID vaccines are. But there is no suggestion so far that Nigerian variant is more transmissible or that it leads to more severe disease. Presently, the chief indicator to detect the assault by this odd and perilous variant is the presence of Pink eyes. In this specific case, pink eyes are not sign of simplest conjunctivitis (both viral and bacterial) or allergis. It resembles the phenomenon of Pink eyes evoked by Sjoergen’s syndrom, the extreme step of rheumatoid arthritis, as the Betchereff’s syndrom in young athletes [3,4]. We can affirm that a simplest Das 28 could be resolutive to understand if the patient has contracted the Nigerian variant or proceeds with his own R.S., fully unaware. Das 28 is very easy to detect: one need only to appreciate the values of his own INR and OSR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate) and may find the module in the web, where one can insert these results and signal which of the 28 joints are really painful. The score is comprised between nihil and 5: the highest is the value the major is the chance to have pink eyes because of the R.A. and not absolutely because of the Nigerian variant. Copyright by Lorenzo Martini. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
7
Adeleke, Elisha Ademola, and Eniola Aminat Orebayo. "Spatio-Statistical Analysis of Rainfall and Temperature Distribution, Anomaly and Trend in Nigeria." Geosfera Indonesia 5, no. 2 (July 23, 2020): 226. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/geosi.v5i2.11250.
Full textAbstract:
This study aims to examine the variability of rainfall and temperature based on spatio-statistical analysis. Data for the study was gotten from the Nigerian Meteorological Agency and subjected to statistical analysis using mean, standard deviation, time series analysis, t-test and correlation. The results of the study revealed that the mean rainfall in the area is 108.6 mm, mean temperature is 28o C and mean sunshine is 4.7 hours. The result further revealed that mean onset date in the state is 13th march, mean cessation date is 10th October while the mean length of rainy season is 223 days. The result also showed that rainfall anomaly index in the area ranged between -2.12 and 2.28 while temperature anomaly ranged between -2.31 and 1.73. The correlation coefficient showed that cessation (0.408) and Length of rainy season (0.406) is significantly related to rainfall, sunshine hours (0.380) and Average temperature (0.867) is significantly related to minimum temperature, sunshine hours (-0.389) and average temperature (0.749) is significantly related to maximum temperature while onset (-0.642) and cessation (0.509) is significantly related to length of rainy season. However,there is a significant difference in onset dates, cessation dates and length of rainy season in the area. The area is experiencing a significant increase in temperature, rainfall and sunshine hours and recommends that more tress should be planted in the area and Nigerian meteorological agency should also inform farmers about the onset of the rains so as to help the farmers prepare for the planting season.
Keywords: Climate; Rainfall; Anomaly; Temperature; Cessation; Onset
Copyright (c) 2020 Geosfera Indonesia Journal and Department of Geography Education, University of Jember
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8
Eranga, Isaac Omo-Ehiabhi. "COVID-19 Pandemic in Nigeria: Palliative Measures and the Politics of Vulnerability." International Journal of Maternal and Child Health and AIDS (IJMA) 9, no. 2 (July 8, 2020): 220–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.21106/ijma.394.
Full textAbstract:
In a bid to slow the rate of spread of the virus, the Federal Government of Nigeria, on several occasions, imposed targeted lockdown measures in areas with rapid increase of Covid-19 cases. The states in which the federal government imposed the targeted lockdown included Lagos, Ogun, and the Federal Capital Territory in Abuja. Some States in the country imposed partial lockdown and closure of interstate boarders. Curfews have also been introduced in all the states nationwide. To alleviate the effects of the lockdown, the Federal Government of Nigeria rolled out palliative measures for targeted groups. However, lamentations have trailed the distribution of government palliatives by the masses. Citizens allege that the process of distribution of palliatives had been politicized.
Key words: • Corona virus • Covid-19 • Nigeria • Palliatives
Copyright © 2020 Eranga. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in this journal, is properly cited.
9
Usman, Fatima, Zubairu Iliyasu, Hamisu Salihu, and Muktar Aliyu. "COVID-19 Pandemic and Medical Education in Nigeria." International Journal of Translational Medical Research and Public Health 5, no. 2 (June 2, 2021): 65–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.21106/ijtmrph.361.
Full textAbstract:
The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the learning process and outcome of medical education. In this commentary, we discuss the effect of COVID-19 on medical education in Nigeria. The disruption of educational services due to government-imposed lockdown and subsequent transition to e-learning with reduction in direct tutor-trainee contact hours to limit virus spread have had a profound effect on the quality of medical education. These measures have impacted adversely on the proficiency, and the intellectual, psychological, financial and social wellbeing of trainees, worsened by a compromised educational system from pre-existing challenges militating against quality education. Prompt re-evaluation of all aspects of medical training with emphasis on developing digital learning platforms that will enable trainees to acquire the needed knowledge and improve learning outcomes is paramount, as it is likely the effects of COVID-19 will linger for a while. Copyright © 2021 Usman, et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in this journal, is properly cited.
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Galadanci, Hadiza, Deepa Dongarwar, Wolfgang K, Oladapo Shittu, Murtala Yusuf, Sadiq Abdurrahman, Dolapo Lufadeju, and Hamisu M. Salihu. "Cesarean Section and Maternal-fetal Mortality Rates in Nigeria: An Ecological Lens into the Last Decade." International Journal of Maternal and Child Health and AIDS (IJMA) 9, no. 1 (March 6, 2020): 128–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.21106/ijma.349.
Full textAbstract:
Background or Objectives: Despite the global decline in maternal mortality within the last decade, women continue to die excessively from pregnancy-related complicationsin developing countries. We assessed the trends in maternal mortality, fetal mortality and cesarean section (C-Section) rates within 25 selected Nigerian hospitals over the last decade.
Methods: Basic obstetric data on all deliveries were routinely collected by midwives using the maternity record book developed for the project in all the participating hospitals. Trends of C-Section Rates (CSR), Maternal Mortality Rates (MMR), Fetal Mortality Rates (FMR) and Spontaneous Vaginal Delivery rates (SVD) were calculated using joinpoint regression models.
Results: The annual average percent change in CSR was 12.2%, which was statistically significant, indicating a rise in CSR over the decade of the study. There was a noticeable fall in MMR from a zenith of about 1,868 per 100,000 at baseline down to 1,315/100,000 by the end of the study period, representing a relative drop in MMR of about 30%. An average annual drop of 3.8% in FMR and 1.5% drop in SVD over time were noted over the course of the study period.
Conclusion and Global Health Implications: We observed an overall CSR of 10.4% and a significant rise in CSR over the 9-year period (2008-2016) of about 108% across hospital facilities in Nigeria. Despite the decrease in MMR, it was still high compared to the global average of 546 maternal deaths per 100 000 livebirths. The FMR was also high compared with the global average. The MMR found in this study clearly indicates that Nigeria is far behind in making progress toward achieving the Sustainable Development Goal 3 (SGD 3) which aims to reduce the global MMR to less than 70 per 100 000 live births by 2030.
Key words: • Cesarean section • Maternal mortality • Fetal mortality • Spontaneous vaginal delivery • Trends in MMR • Nigeria
Copyright © 2020 Galadanci et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Com - mons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Nwakamma, Ikenna J., Amber Erinmwinhe, Arinzechukwu Ajogwu, Aniekan Udoh, and Anne Ada-Ogoh. "Mitigating Gender and Maternal and Child Health Injustices through Faith Community-Led Initiatives." International Journal of Maternal and Child Health and AIDS (IJMA) 8, no. 2 (December 6, 2019): 146–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.21106/ijma.326.
Full textAbstract:
Background and Objective: Congregational Health Empowerment and Social Safety Advocates (CHESSAdvocates) initiative, a project aimed at mitigating maternal and child health (MCH) and gender injustices in religiously pluralistic societies, was implemented in two Northern Nigerian states of Benue and Kaduna between September 2018 and July 2019. The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness, sustainability and factors of success in the CHESS-Advocates model as a faith community approach to mitigating gender and MCH injustices in Northern Nigeria.
Methods: Data were from desk review of monthly project reports which were documented monthly all through the 10-month project life, and qualitative assessment conducted in July 2019 at the end of project. The assessments involved focus group discussions, key informant interviews, and in-depth interviews conducted in four randomly selected communities in each of the project states. The variables of interest were sustainability, effectiveness of initiative, and the factors that contributed to the success of the program.
Results: The CHESS-Advocate model was effective in the mobilization of community response that improved uptake and acceptance of antenatal care (ANC), immunization, and uptake of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing services. The model was cost-effective and able to instigate change in harmful practices, particularly in highly religious communities. The model showed promise of sustainability and identified some factors that led to its success in the different communities.
Conclusion and Global Health Implications: The CHESS advocates model showed promises of efficacy in engaging faith communities as important actors in promoting MCH practices and mitigating gender injustices particularly in rural and underserved communities. Like other faith based models, the CHESS-Advocates model provided opportunities in faith congregations for building sustainable development in health and social justice. The model helped to improve MCH seeking behavior, influenced change in harmful gender norms and in community response against gender based violence in rural communities.
Key words: MCH • Gender justice • HIV • CHESS-Advocates • Faith • Northern Nigeria • Nigeria
Copyright © 2019 Nwakamma et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Com - mons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Danlami, Dantata, Saidu Idris, Richard Sunday Thlakma, and Golly Sammy Gwandum. "THE SPATIO-TEMPORAL VARIATIONS OF WIND SPEED DURING HARMATTAN SEASON IN NORTHEASTERN NIGERIA." Geosfera Indonesia 4, no. 2 (August 2, 2019): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/geosi.v4i2.11474.
Full textAbstract:
Wind speed is the principal climatic element that drives the Marmaton season in West African sub region. It drives the season by conveying huge amount of dust across the Northeastern Nigeria. The presence of dust in the atmosphere brought by the Northeast trade winds during the Harmattan season plays a vital role in absorbing and scattering solar radiation. The study examines the spatial and temporal variations of wind speed in Northeastern Nigeria during the Harmattan season with the sole aim of ascertaining its variability, patterns and trends from1984 to 2014. Descriptive and statistics such as mean, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, and time series analysis with ArcGIS 10.3 was used in examine the temporal and spatial variations of wind speed from 1984–2014 in six synoptic stations of Northeastern Nigeria. The findings show that wind speed varied both temporally and spatially in the last three decades. The pattern of variations in the six synoptic stations shows rising trends within the study years. It was also found that latitude playing a crucial role in determining the speed of the wind in the study area and as the speed of the wind increases with increasing latitude.
Keywords: Wind speed, Harmattan, Season, Northeast, Variation and ITD.
References
Adaramola,M.S.andOyewola,O. M. (2011). Wind Speed Distribution and Characteristics in Nigeria. Asian Research Publishing Network (ARPN). Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences.ISSN 1819-6608.www.arpnjournals.com
Amadi, S. O., Udo, S. O. and Ewona, I. O. (2014). Trends in Monthly Mean Minimum and Maximum Temperature Data over Nigeria for the Period 1950-2012. International Research Journal of Pure and Applied Physics, 2(4), 1-27.
Ayoade, J.O. (2004). Introduction to Climatology for the Tropics.2nd ed. Spectrum Books Limitted, Spectrum House Ring Road Ibadan, Nigeria.
Balarabe, M., Abdallah, K., and Nawawi, M. (2015). Long- Term Trend and Seasonal Variability of Horizontal Visibility in Nigerian Troposphere.Journal of Atmosphere 6:1462-1486; doi:10.3390/atmos6101462.
Dahuwa, D., Promise, K. U., Umar, W., Bello, I. and Mohammed, R. (2018). Analysis of Wind Speed And Frequency InAzare North eastern Part of Nigeria. IOSR Journal of Applied Physics (IOSR-JAP) e-ISSN: 2278-4861.Volume 10, Issue 1 Ver. I. PP 09-17 www.iosrjournals.org DOI: 10.9790/4861-1001010917 www.iosrjournals.org
Danlami, D., Gwari, M., Suleiman, S., and Bara, A. (2018). Temporal and Spatial variations of Groung Surface visibility during Harmattan Season in North-Eastern Nigeria.Ceylon Journal Science, 47(4), 337 – 346. DOI: http://doi.org/10.4038/cjs.v47i4.7551.
Danlami, D. (2017). Spatio-Temporal Variations of Harmattan Season in Northeastern Nigeria.M.Sc. Dissertation (Not published) Submitted to the Department of Geography, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria.
De Longueville, F., Hountondji, Y. C., Henry, S. and Ozer, P. (2010). What do we Know about the Effects of Desert Dust on Air Quality and Human Health in West Africa compared to other regions? Journal: Science of Total Environment
Fagbenle, R.L., Fasade, A.O., Amuludun A.K. andLala,P.O.( 1980). Wind power potentials of Nigeria. 12th Biennial conference of the West African Science Association, University of Ife, Nigeria.
Getis, A., Getis, J., Bjelland, M. and Fellmann, J.D. (2011).Introduction to Geography. 13thed. The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1221 Avenue of the Americas, NY10020.
Karabulut, M., Demirci, A. and Kora, F. (2012). Analysis of spatially distributed annual, seasonal and monthly temperatures in Istanbul from 1975 to 2006.World Applied Sciences Journal, 12(10), 1662-1675
Ojosu, J.O. and Salawu, R.I. (1990).An evaluation of wind energy potential as a power generation source in Nigeria.Solar & Wind Technology.ELSEVIER.Volume 7, Issue 6, 1990, Pages 663-673
Schwanghart, W. and Schutt, B. (2007). Meteorological causes of Harmattan dust in West Africa. Journal of Science Direct Geomorphology.
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Waewsak, J., Chancham, C., Landry, M. and Gagnon, Y (2011).An Analysis of Wind Speed Distribution at Thasala, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.Journal of Sustainable Energy & Environment 2 pp 51-55
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Copyright (c) 2019 Geosfera Indonesia Journal and Department of Geography Education, University of Jember
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13
Olorunsaiye, Comfort Z., A.-Mac Harris, and Korede K. Yusuf. "Characteristics of Early Newborn Care: A Descriptive Analysis of Recent Births in Nigeria." International Journal of Maternal and Child Health and AIDS (IJMA) 9, no. 1 (January 12, 2020): 93–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.21106/ijma.324.
Full textAbstract:
Background or Objectives: The neonatal period, the first 28 days of life, is the most critical period for child survival. In 2017, 214,000 children in Nigeria died during the neonatal period. Newborn care practices play a key role in preventing these deaths. The aim of this study was to examine the association between delivery location and early newborn care in Nigeria.
Methods: Data from the 2013 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey were analyzed. The main exposure variable was delivery location (home, public hospital, public health center/clinic and private hospital/clinic). The outcomes were early initiation of breastfeeding, breastfeeding support, and cord examination. We used multivariate logistic regression to estimate the odds of newborn care.
Results: We observed that the prevalence of all three outcome indicators was low. After adjusting for confounders, birth in public health facilities, compared to home birth, was associated with early initiation of breastfeeding (public hospitals: OR 1.62, 95% CI: 1.29-2.03; public health centers/clinics OR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.02-1.61). Breastfeeding support and cord examination were each associated with birth in public hospitals only compared to home birth (OR 1.41, 95% CI: 1.09-1.81 and OR 1.41, 95% CI: 1.11-1.79, respectively).
Conclusion and Global Health Implications: Early newborn care in Nigeria was suboptimal and the quality of this care varied across delivery locations and birth attendants. Public hospitals had the most favorable newborn care outcomes. Policies and programs to enhance the quality of facility-based early newborn care and promote community-based newborn care could improve neonatal outcomes and reduce overall child mortality in resource-challenged settings.
Key words: • Newborn care • Neonatal mortality • Breastfeeding • Cord care • Nigeria
Copyright © 2020 Olorunsaiye et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Com - mons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
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Salau, Wahab, and Paul Ifatokun Ifabiyi. "HYDRO-GEOMORPHIC FACTORS AND THE POTENTIAL OF HYDROKINETIC POWER PRODUCTION UPSTREAM OF IKERE GORGE DAM, NIGERIA." Geosfera Indonesia 4, no. 1 (April 29, 2019): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/geosi.v4i1.9511.
Full textAbstract:
The operation of hydrokinetic turbine depends on river flow and pressure head (∆H) which are of high potential in many parts of Nigeria. This study attempts the analysis of the potential of the area upstream of Ikere Gorge dam for hydrokinetic potential. Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was used to determine the hydrological parameters of the sub-basins. Pearson Moment Correlation and linear regression methods were used to find the relationships between morphometric properties and the discharge parameters. Hydrological modeling and statistical computations were done to estimate the theoretical potential of the catchment. The result shows that River Oshe has 9.542 MW, which is the highest potential while River Konsun with 1.161 MW has the lowest potential Pearson Moment Correlation shows that there is strong positive relation of 0.7 between slope and pressure head (∆H) at 0.05 significant levels. The result of the multiple regression show that hydro-geomorphic factors explained 59.1% of the variance in the explanation of hydrokinetic power potential upstream of Ikere gorge dam.
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Power electronics and motion Control conference, Portoroz, Slovenia, pp.1625
Bahleda, M., and Hosko, M. A. (2007). Assessment of water power potential and development
Needs: Electric power research institute, California
Bhattacharya, A.K., and Bolaji, G.A. (2012). Fluid Flow Interactions in Ogun River,
International Journal of Research and Reviews in Applied Sciences, 2 (2): 22-23.
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Odogwu, Nkechi Martina, Chinedum A. C. Onebunne, Oladapo O. Olayemi, and Akinyinka O. Omigbodun. "Protocol for a Longitudinal Analysis of the Vaginal Microbiome from a Pregnant Cohort of African Women in Nigeria." International Journal of Maternal and Child Health and AIDS (IJMA) 9, no. 2 (February 18, 2020): 173–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.21106/ijma.330.
Full textAbstract:
Background : The vaginal microbiota is an important component of the reproductive health of women as it offers protection against urogenital infection. African women are reported to have a vaginal microbiota colonized with high proportions of strict anaerobes rather than lactobacillus - dominated microbes. These strict anaerobes have been associated with pre-term birth and neonatal disease. The prevalence of pre- term birth (PTB) in Africa poses a major challenge to reproductive healthcare, hence the clinical and scientific attention focused on understanding the causative mechanisms of PTB. A pragmatic approach to curbing PTB requires the identification of the vaginal microbiome during various stages of a healthy pregnancy (the ‘normal’). This information will provide baseline data for future investigations of vaginal microbiome that may cause PTB (the ‘abnormal’). We present a protocol for the longitudinal analysis of vaginal microbiome in a cohort of pregnant women in Southwest Nigeria.
Methods : We propose to recruit 51 pregnant Nigerian women, enrolling them into the study at 17-21 gestational weeks. Two vaginal swab samples and three milliliters of blood would be collected at enrollment. Sample collection will be repeated at 27-31 weeks’ gestation, ?36 weeks’ gestation, 24-48 hours after birth and 6 weeks post-partum. DNA will be extracted from the vaginal samples and 16S rRNA sequencing would be performed. Blood samples collected would be assayed by ELISA technique for placental steroid hormones. Data will be statistically analyzed and considered in the light of vaginal microbial diversity, clinical, nutrition and other health data.
Conclusion and Global Health Implication : Our data set will bring new insights into the vaginal microbiome of apparently healthy African women in pregnancy and postpartum, which should serve as a baseline for the investigation of vaginal microbes that may provide useful information for the prediction and management of preterm birth. It is anticipated that these data will facilitate future personalized therapeutic management and consequently improve the reproductive health fitness of women in Africa.
Key words : • Vaginal microbiome • Pregnancy • Pre-term Birth • Nigeria • Women • Longitudinal analysis • Protocol
Copyright © 2020 Odogwu et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Bulama, Ahmed A., and Jane Goodman-Brown. "Polio Eradication in Nigeria and India: A Systematic Review of Challenges and Successes." International Journal of Translational Medical Research and Public Health 3, no. 2 (October 9, 2019): 83–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.21106/ijtmrph.92.
Full textAbstract:
Background: The global eradication of polio is considered an emergency and an unaccomplished task until completely eliminated. Vaccinating children against the polio virus confers immunity on them and breaks the transmission of the polio virus. Afghanistan, Nigeria and Pakistan remain the only three countries in the world that have not eliminated polio. The aims of this paper were to: (1) to identify the factors that impact the failure to eliminate polio from Nigeria and (2) determine the factors that led to the successful elimination of polio from India.
Methodology: A systematic literature review was carried out to meet the above research objectives.
Methods: Four electronic databases were searched (Cochrane Library, Medline, PubMed and Google Scholar) and articles that fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected and critically appraised.
Results: In all, 98 articles were retrieved. After selection based on our selection criteria, fourteen studies were identified and included in the study. These were 5 systematic reviews: 3 cross-sectional studies, 3 mixed methods studies, 2 case-control studies and one quantitative (survey) study. In all, seven themes were identified from the review of the articles. Four themes were identified from the factors associated with the failure to eliminate polio from Nigeria: (1) Failure of the oral polio vaccine (OPV); (2) Institutional and geographical failures in vaccine programs; (3) Program and campaign management limitations; and (4) Vaccine refusal. Similarly, three themes were identified from the factors that contributed to the elimination of polio from India: (1) Replacement of the trivalent OPV with the monovalent and bivalent OPVs; (2) Implementation of intensive social mobilization strategies; and (3) Effective program micro planning and campaign management.
Conclusion: Based on the findings from the literature review, we highlight areas where Nigeria can learn from India in its quest to eliminate polio. These factors can form the basis for future theoretical and policy reforms in the fight against polio not only in Nigeria but in countries where it remains endemic. Further research should compare the success of polio eradication in other countries.
Key words: • Polio • Immunization • Nigeria • India • Pakistan • Eradication • Systematic review
Copyright © 2019 Bulama and Goodman-Brown. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Nwakamma, Ikenna J., Carol S. Talla, Stephanie E. Kei, Genevieve C. Okoro, Godwin Asuquo, and Kema A. Onu. "Adolescent and Young People's Utilization of HIV/Sexual and Reproductive Health Services: Comparing Health Facilities and Mobile Community Outreach Centers." International Journal of Translational Medical Research and Public Health 3, no. 2 (August 8, 2019): 66–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.21106/ijtmrph.74.
Full textAbstract:
Background/Objectives: Demand creation for uptake of HIV and sexual reproductive health (HIV/SRH) services among adolescents and young people (AYP) in Nigeria is challenging. This study compares the reach, and utilization patterns, and factors that drive the patterns of utilization of HIV/SRH services by AYP in mobile outreach service centers and health care facilities in Nigeria's capital city.
Methods: Data were obtained from service exit surveys and HIV/SRH service utilization records in selected health facilities and mobile testing outreaches from January to April 2018. The service providers were provided a checklist to capture key information during their interaction with their AYP clients. Data were captured with Microsoft Excel, imported to and analysed with Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 16.
Results: Community-based mobile outreaches reached a significantly higher proportion of participants, with 88% of them from the community HIV testing points. Among the participants in the SRH service utilization assessment, 20 (15%) and 142 (19%) voluntarily asked for SRH-related information in the health facility and mobile outreach respectively; 53 (40%), and 224 (30%) accepted offer of SRH counselling in the health facility and mobile outreach respectively. There were significant differences in the waiting time for testing and waiting time for result collection at the mobile testing posts and the health facilities.
Conclusion and Implications for Translation: AYP friendly mobile community outreach model shows more promise in terms of reach and also seems to encourage voluntary request for HIV/SRH services among AYP. The costs and waiting times favor the mobile outreach model; however, the quality in terms of personnel and environment was an issue of concern. Hospitals are not providing friendly environments that encourage voluntary uptake of HIV/SRH services by AYPs. A model for AYPs should prioritize community based and friendly services with well-trained personnel in order to build the confidence of AYPs for improved SRH seeking behaviors.
Key words: • HIV • Sexual and reproductive Health • Adolescents and Young People • Preferences • Mobile outreaches services • Health facility testing • Abuja Nigeria
Copyright © 2019 Nwakamma et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.affect economic and health promotion.
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Opara, Kenneth, Rebecca Akomalafe, Nsima Udoidung, Udeme Afia, Clement Yaro, and Bassey Bassey. "Urogenital Schistosomiasis among Primary School Children in Rural Communities in Obudu, Southern Nigeria." International Journal of Maternal and Child Health and AIDS (IJMA) 10, no. 1 (February 6, 2021): 70–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.21106/ijma.407.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Schistosomiasis is a Neglected Tropical Disease (NTD) that constitutes a public health problem in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), including Nigeria. There is need for updated information on the extent of the disease burden at community level to facilitate effective prioritization and monitoring of the disease. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among school-aged children in Obudu Local Government Area (LGA), one of the 18 LGAs in Cross River State, Southern Nigeria. Seven schools from seven communities were randomly selected for this study. A total of 1,113 urine samples obtained from school-aged children were screened for Schistosoma haematobium (S. haematobium) eggs using standard parasitological method of diagnosis. Proteinuria and hematuria were evaluated using reagent test strips. Results: In this study, 153 (13.7%) children were infected with S. haematobium. More males (86 or 14.7%) were infected than females (67 or 12.7%); the differences were not statistically significant. The overall geometric mean intensity of infection was 13.3 eggs/10ml of urine. Females (13.69 eggs/10ml of urine) had the highest intensity of infection than males (12.91eggs/10ml of urine). Prevalence of hematuria was 152 (13.7%) (95% C.I. = 10.649 – 18.751%) while the prevalence of proteinuria was 172 (15.5%) (95% C.I. = 5.162 – 38.712%). Prevalence of infection significantly (p<0.001) varied among the schools from 7.8% to 28.9%. Children aged 5-9 years old had the highest prevalence of infection 46 (17.1%). The prevalence of urogenital schistosomiasis was 28.9%, 20.5% and 13.2%, respectively, among Betukwel, Ibong, and Ohong communities. Conclusion and Global Health Implications: Urinary schistosomiasis is still endemic in Obudu, Southern Nigeria but with decreased prevalence. Public health mitigation efforts such as mass chemotherapy, provision of safe water supply and sanitation facilities are recommended. Furthermore, health education should be encouraged within schools and communities. Key words: • Schistosoma haematobium • Communities • Schools • Neglected tropical diseases • School-aged children • Parasitology • Chemotherapy • Proteinuria • Hematuria • Obudu • Cross River State • Nigeria. Copyright © 2021 Opara, et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in this journal, is properly cited.
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Olaoye, Titilayo, Oyewole O. Oyerinde, Oluwatoyin J. Elebuji, and Oluwapelumi Ologun. "Knowledge, Perception and Management of Pre-eclampsia among Health Care Providers in a Maternity Hospital." International Journal of MCH and AIDS (IJMA) 8, no. 2 (August 8, 2019): 80–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.21106/ijma.275.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Morbidity and mortality of women and children associated with pre-eclampsia present major global health problems in low and middle income countries. The prevalence of pre-eclampsia in Nigeria ranges from 2% to 16.7%, with approximately 37,000 women dying from preeclampsia annually. This study examines knowledge, perception and management of preeclampsia among healthcare providers in a major maternity hospital in Lagos, southwest Nigeria.
Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 110 health care providers comprising of 75 Nurses, 9 Consultant Physicians, and 26 General Medical Practitioners with varying years of service were selected using purposive sampling technique. Data were collected using a self-administered 36-item semi-structured questionnaire. Data were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences to generate descriptive and inferential statistics with level of significance set at 0.05.
Results: Health care providers in the study had an average knowledge of pre-eclampsia with a mean score of 16.69±3.53. There was generally a good perception of pre-eclampsia with a mean sore of 28.31±3.71. The most-prevalent clinical management practices were emergency cesarean section (16%), magnesium sulphate infusion (29%), and fluid/electrolyte management (9%). Knowledge of pre-eclampsia and years of practice were significantly associated (F=3.31; p= 0.023).
Conclusion and Global Health Implications: Gaps in the knowledge of causes, diagnoses, and treatment of pre-eclampsia may be attributable to lack of refresher trainings and absence of written practice guidelines on pre-eclampsia management. Health care providers at this hospital may benefit from training courses that include current nationally and internationally-approved management of preeclampsia.
Key words: • Pre-eclampsia • Eclampsia • Knowledge • Perception • Management • Health care providers • Nigeria
Copyright © 2019 Olaoye et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Samuel, Folake Olukemi, and Ebunoluwa Grace Ibidapo. "Complementary Feeding Practices and Associated Factors Among Nursing Mothers in Southwestern Nigeria." International Journal of Maternal and Child Health and AIDS (IJMA) 9, no. 2 (June 29, 2020): 223–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21106/ijma.363.
Full textAbstract:
Background and Objectives: The period of transition from breastfeeding to other foods and liquids, is a very vulnerable period when malnutrition is likely to start in many infants and young children, if appropriate feeding practices are not employed. This study assessed using composite indices, the appropriateness of complementary feeding practices and associated factors among nursing mothers in Ijebu-Ode, Ogun State.
Methods: This descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in selected primary health facilities in Ijebu-Ode. Multi stage sampling technique was employed to select 283 mother-child pairs. Data was collected using a pre-tested interviewer administered questionnaire which included the World Health Organization Infant and Young Child Feeding Indicators (WHO IYCF) and the Infant and Child Feeding Index (ICFI).
Results: Of the total 283 mother-child pairs studied, 33.6% met minimum meal frequency, 14.5% received minimum dietary diversity (?4 food groups) and 9.2% received minimum acceptable diet when assessed using the WHO IYCF indicators. Overall, appropriate complementary feeding was low (4.2%) and associated (p?0.05) with factors such as antenatal care visits, child welfare clinic attendance and mother’s workplace. On the other hand, the ICFI categorized respondents into low (11.7%), medium (24.7%) and high (63.6%) ICFI scores and were associated (p?0.05) with mother’s education and household size.
Conclusion and Global Health Implications: This study revealed a high prevalence of inappropriate complementary feeding practices. The use of composite indices reflected these practices and their associated factors holistically as they revealed different dimensions of complementary feeding. This may be useful for monitoring, evaluation, research and the required advocacy for complementary feeding.
Key words: • Appropriate complementary feeding • IYCF indicators • Feeding practices • Infant and child feeding index
Copyright © 2020 Samuel and Ibidapo. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in this journal, is properly cited.
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Oyamienlen, Christopher S., Charles A. Adisa, Ikechukwu N. S. Dozie, Evangeline T. Oparaocha, Angelica A. Anele, and Kingsley C. Anochiwa. "Body Mass Index and Breast Cancer Risks Among Igbo Women in Imo and Abia States, Nigeria: A Case Control Study." International Journal of Translational Medical Research and Public Health 3, no. 1 (May 15, 2019): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.21106/ijtmrph.72.
Full textAbstract:
Background: The association between body mass index (BMI) and breast cancer risk has been well recognized. The purpose of this study was to determine the association of BMI with breast cancer risks among women of Igbo origin in Imo and Abia states in South Eastern Nigeria.
Methods: The study was conducted at three different locations: Abia State University Teaching Hospital Aba, Abia State; Federal Medical Centre, Owerri, Imo State; and the Maranatha Specialist Mission Hospital, Aba, Abia State. This was a prospective hospital-based case control study. Data were collected on socio-demographic characteristics and anthropometric measures using a structured questionnaire. Collected data were imported to SPSS version 23 for analysis. In all, 681 patients participated in the study of which 347 were cases and 334 were controls. The T-test was used to assess statistical differences of height, weight, and BMI in the studied groups. Logistic regressions were used to calculate the multivariate odds ratio (OR) using 95% confidence interval (CI) with significant level set at p>0.05.
Results: Higher BMI is associated with increased risk of breast cancer. There was a significant statistical difference between the height of cases and controls in both pre-and post-menopausal women. The mean value of height was 161.14± 7.1cm among cases compared to controls which was 161.39 cm (p<0.05). The mean weight among cases was 66.34 ± 11.8kg compared to controls at 65.45 ± 9.2kg (p<0.05); the mean BMI was 25.6± 4.8kg/m2 among cases compared to controls 25.1± 4.6 kg/m2 (p<0.05).
Conclusion and Implications For Translation: Primary prevention measures are important to modestly curtail the increasing burden of obesity and high BMI. By controlling the weight, through physical activities, changes in diet and modestly alcohol intake will reduce the risk of breast cancer.
Key words: • Breast Cancer • Imo State • Abia State • South East Nigeria • Body Mass Index • Nigeria
Copyright © 2019 Oyamienlen et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Iloanusi, Sorochi, Osaro Mgbere, Nchebe-Jah Raymond Iloanusi, Ismaeel Yunusa, and Ekere J. Essien. "COVID-19 Related Misconceptions and Prevention Practices Among the Public in a Southeastern City in Nigeria." International Journal of Translational Medical Research and Public Health 5, no. 2 (August 14, 2021): 149–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21106/ijtmrph.362.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic brought several misconceptions that could hinder individuals from taking necessary measures to prevent infection, thus, undermining the public health containment efforts. We aimed to assess the prevalence of COVID-19 related misconceptions and their associations with demographic characteristics and prevention practices in Onitsha city in Anambra state, Nigeria. Methods: We analyzed data from a cross-sectional survey of 140 adult residents of Onitsha city in Anambra state, Nigeria, conducted in March 2020. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to describe the study population and determine the associations between COVID-19 misconceptions, demographic characteristics, and implementation of COVID-19 prevention practices. Data management and statistical analyses were conducted using SAS JMP Statistical DiscoveryTM Software version 14.3 (SAS Institute, Cary, North Carolina, USA). Results: The participants’ average age was 34.5 (SD: ±10.9) years, and most were males (54.3%). Misconceptions about COVID-19 among the study population resulted in markedly reduced compliance with nearly all prevention practices. Some participants believed that COVID-19 would not spread in Nigeria (34.4%, p<0.0001), was not fatal (10.8%, p<0.0001), can be prevented and cured through spiritual means (48.2%, P <0.0001), use of herbs (13.6%, P <0.0001), use of antibiotics (11.4%, p<0.0001) and that COVID-19 vaccine was available (25.4%, p<0.01). Misconception about the possibility of COVID-19 spread was significantly associated with non-compliance to all prevention practices (P<0.05) except travel restrictions. Conclusions and Implications for Translation: Our study suggests the need for the government to tailor interventions targeting the common misconceptions in Onitsha in order to improve the public’s trust and compliance with recommended COVID-19 prevention practices. Misconception has become a significant public health challenge, primarily as its prioritization over scientific evidence and guidelines directly affects the pandemic preparedness and control efforts and may cause more people to be at risk of contracting COVID-19. Copyright © 2021 Iloanusi et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0.
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Mba, Chinyelu O., Ransom B. Jacob, Mercy B. Green, and Loveday U. Zebedee. "Hematological Profile of Pregnant Women in Port Harcourt, Nigeria." International Journal of Translational Medical Research and Public Health 3, no. 1 (January 23, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.21106/ijtmrph.63.
Full textAbstract:
BACKGROUND OR OBJECTIVES:
Pregnant women experience a lot of changes, which often reflect in their hematological indices. The study examines the differences in the hematological profile of pregnant and nonpregnant women in Port Harcourt, in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria.
METHODS:
The subjects were systematically sampled, comprising of 90 pregnant and 90 non-pregnant women, with ages ranging 16 to 45 years. Five milliliters of whole blood was collected from each subject at ambient temperature using standard venepuncture techniques and three milliliters was dispensed in EDTA bottle. T-test was used to compare the mean of the parameters among the pregnant and nonpregnant women. Analysis of variance was used to compare the means for the parameters within the three trimesters. Tukey’s Post Hoc test was used to identify the trimester pairs that had significant mean difference, Hematological parameters were analyzed using Abacus380 hematological analyzer. The data obtained were coded and analysed using SPSS version 20 and data were considered significant at p≤0.05.
RESULTS:
Comparison of pregnant women with controls showed that Total White Blood Count TWBC), monocytes, neutrophils, Mean Cell Volume (MCV), and Mean Cell Hemoglobin (MCH) were significantly increased in pregnancy (p<0.05); while Red Blood Cell (RBC) count, hemoglobin, hematocrit and Mean Cell Hemoglobin concentration were significantly decreased (p<0.01). The following hematological parameters showed significant mean variation within the 3 trimesters: MCH (F=3.59, p=0.03) and MCHC (F=16.85, p<0.01). MCHC showed significant difference between first versus second trimesters (p=<0.01) and 1st vs. 3rd trimesters (p=<0.01).
CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS FOR TRANSLATION
The lower hematocrit and hemoglobin level of pregnant women when compared with the non-pregnant controls implies that there is need for more emphasis on the importance of prenatal vitamin supplementation during the antenatal period, perhaps leveraging prenatal counselling sessions. Proper supplementation may avert anemia in pregnancy, and consequently, the poor birth outcomes.
Key words: Hematological Profile • Pregnant Women • Nigeria • Pregnancy
Copyright © 2019 Mba et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Dogara, Musa M., Saadatu Ahmad, Babalola J. Balogun, Salwa S. Dawaki, Muzammil B. Mustapha, Aminu U. Abdurrahman, Lawal Bala, Abubakar Zakari, and David U. Livingstone. "Schistosomiasis and Associated Risk Factors Among School-Aged Children in Northern Nigeria." International Journal of Translational Medical Research and Public Health 4, no. 2 (September 30, 2020): 103–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.21106/ijtmrph.146.
Full textAbstract:
Background: The Jigawa State Ministry of Health in Northern Nigeria undertook a pilot intervention without a follow-up to control schistosomiasis through preventive chemotherapy by ensuring that each child swallows praziquantel from 2009 to 2013 in five primary schools in Dutse metropolis. Previously, the overall prevalence for urinary and intestinal schistosomiasis determined using Sedimentation and Kato Katz methods was 22.9%.
Methods: A cross sectional study involving 150 randomly selected pupils, aged 6 - 15 years old was conducted using sedimentation and Kato-Katz methods to determine the prevalence of urinary and intestinal schistosomiasis respectively in three schools in July, 2018. Information on demographic and associated risk factors was collected using a structured questionnaire and the data generated was analyzed using SPSS statistics version 18.0.
Results: The overall prevalence was 10% with S. haematobium 8%, S. mansoni 2.67% and co-infection 0.67%. Males had higher prevalence, 15.10% than females 1.75%. The 11 - 15 years age group had higher prevalence, 10.10% than 6 - 10 years, 9.68%. Nearly all the infections occurred among class 4-6 pupils with 12.10% and 2.94% in 1-3. Based on parental occupations, children of unskilled laborer had the highest prevalence of 16.67% followed by children of civil servants 12.50%, and children of butchers 0%. Kachi School had the highest prevalence of 14.00% while Sir Muhammadu Sunusi had the lowest 4.00%. Schistosomiasis prevalence was found only to be significantly associated with gender; higher among males than females (15.1% vs 1.75%, P = 0.011).
Conclusion and Implications for Translation: Schistosomiasis is still endemic among school-aged children in Dutse metropolis, but with a drop in overall prevalence from 22.9% to 10.00%. Chemotherapy and health education should be sustained on both in and out of school-aged children in order to control the transmission.
Key words: • Schistosomiasis • Tropical diseases • Northern Nigeria • Chemotherapy• School-aged Children • Kato - Katz • Sedimentation
Copyright © 2020 Dogara et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in this journal, is properly cited.
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Zibima, Soupriye B., Kenneth B. Wasini, and Juliet I. Oniso. "Disparities in Urban and Rural Dwelling Adolescents’ Educational Needs for Obesity Prevention in Nigeria." International Journal of Translational Medical Research and Public Health 4, no. 2 (September 25, 2020): 146–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.21106/ijtmrph.177.
Full textAbstract:
Background and Objectives: Obesity has increased in recent times and attained an epidemic status worldwide. Prevalence of obesity rises during adolescence and prevention is advantageous. However, it is unknown whether rural and urban dwelling adolescents in Bayelsa State in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria have the requisite knowledge needed to prevent obesity. The objective of this studywas to determine the educational needs of urban and rural dwelling adolescents for obesity prevention.
Methods: The study was a school-based cross-sectional survey, and employed multistage sampling technique to select six secondary schools across the three senatorial districts of the state. An adapted and validated sub-scaled obesity knowledge questionnaire was used to obtain data from 2,304 secondary school students. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.0 was used for data analysis.
Results: The total number of urban male students and rural male students was 576 (25.00%). The total number of urban female residents and rural female residents was also 576 (25.00%). The sample mean age of participants was 16.77 (SD±79), and those aged 16 years 1,043 (45.27%) were more in proportion. Generally, 756 (32.81%) of the participants had good knowledge of obesity. Specifically, subscale analysis showed that 622 (27.00%) participants had good knowledge of risk factors for obesity; 519 (22.53%) had good knowledge of complications of obesity; 659 (28.60%) had good knowledge of prevention for obesity; and 653 (28.34%) had good knowledge of meaning/assessment of obesity. Difference in mean score between urban (M= 3.80, SD = 0.44) and rural residents (M = 3.72, SD = 0.43; t = 4.63, p = 0.00, 2-tailed) was significant.
Conclusion and Implications for Translation: Adolescents’ knowledge regarding obesity is generally inadequate, especially in rural areas. Adolescents need education to acquire fundamental knowledge of the meaning/assessment, risk factors, prevention, and complications of obesity for prevention.
Key words: • Adolescent • Obesity prevention • Bayelsa State • Niger Delta • Nigeria
Copyright © 2020 Zibima et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0)which permits unre-stricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in this journal, is properly cited.
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Adeniyi, Oluwafunmilayo Funke, Gabriel T. Fagbenro, and Foluke A. Olatona. "Overweight and Obesity Among School-aged Children and Maternal Preventive Practices against Childhood Obesity in Select Local Government Areas of Lagos, Southwest, Nigeria." International Journal of MCH and AIDS (IJMA) 8, no. 1 (June 30, 2019): 70–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.21106/ijma.273.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Childhood obesity is an emerging epidemic in the developing countries, particularly in the urban settings. This study examines the prevalence of overweight and obesity among school-aged children and the maternal preventive practices against childhood obesity.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of school-aged children aged 6-13 years and mothers from two Local Government Areas of Lagos State, Southwest Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to select study areas and participants, while data were collected using an interviewer administered questionnaire. The Body Mass Index (BMI) of children were determined using the World Health Organisation (WHO) 2007 reference charts. Chi-square test was used to analyze categorical variables and logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the factors associated with the nutritional status and maternal childhood obesity preventive practices. All analyses were conducted using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 21.
Results: In all, 440 children comprising of 232 boys (52.7%) and 208 girls (42.3%) were studied. Of these, 29 of the participants (6.6%) were overweight, while 39 of them (8.9%) were obese. Most of the children (71.2%) consumed root/tubers and processed cereals while 9 (0.02%) and (17) 0.04% consumed fruits and vegetables. BMI was only significantly related to child age and sex. In all, 243 mothers (55.2%) had good practices against childhood obesity. Levels of maternal preventive practices were not significantly associated with child BMI.
Conclusions and Global Health Implications: Overweight/obesity among school-aged children in Lagos is high. Only half of the mothers were involved in preventive practices against childhood obesity. There is need for continuous education and advocacy concerning healthy diet and other preventive strategies against childhood obesity in Lagos, and potentially other parts of the developing world.
Key words: • Overweight • Obesity • School-age children • Childhood Maternal preventive practices • Lagos • Nigeria
Copyright © 2019 Adeniyi et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Aribodor, Ogechukwu B., Chinyere Angela Ekwunife, Olufemi S. Sammy-Wobo, and Dennis N. Aribodor. "Risk Factors and Socio-Demographic Determinants of Intestinal Helminthiasis among Children in Schools that Implemented the Homegrown School Feeding Program in Ekwulobia, Anambra State, Southeast Nigeria." International Journal of Translational Medical Research and Public Health 2, no. 1 (May 7, 2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.21106/ijtmrph.53.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: Control of intestinal helminthiasis among pupils improves their nutritional status. This study identified the risk factors and socio-demographic determinants of intestinal helminthiasis among children in primary schools that implemented Home Grown School Feeding Program (HGSFP) in Anambra State, Nigeria.
Methods: Eight hundred and forty-eight consented pupils from Primary (Elementary) classes 1-4 were examined from Community Primary School, Ekwulobia, 270 pupils; Central Primary School, Ekwulobia, 317 pupils; and Nwannebo Primary School, Ekwulobia, 261 pupils. Structured questionnaires were administered to pupils to assess their risks factors for helminthiasis. Fecal samples collected from all pupils were examined using Kato-Katz technique. Data obtained were entered and analyzed using SPSS.
Results: Of the 848 pupils, 452 (53.3%) were males and 396 (46.7%) were females. Assessment of risk factors associated with transmission revealed that toilet type, hand washing habit, and knowledge of the cause of helminthiasis were significantly (p<0.05) related to transmission; however parent’s occupation and biting of fingernails habits were not correlated with transmission (p>0.05). There was a very low prevalence of helminthes at 0.7% in six stool samples (1 male and 5 females), and prevalence of helminthes was not significantly associated (p>0.05) with pupil’s sex and age. Ascaris lumbricoides were the only helminthes observed in the study population.
Conclusion and Implications for Translation: The low prevalence of intestinal helminthiasis among the study population may be attributable to efforts of HGSFP that was implemented in the study area. There is need for constant monitoring and surveillance of all public schools and sustenance of the implemented water, sanitation and hygiene practices and HGSFP so that total elimination of helminths could be achievable in the state.
Key words: Helminthiasis • Home Grown School Feeding • Pupils • Ekwulobia • Anambra State • Nigeria.
Copyright © 2018 Aribodor et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Hassan-Hanga, Fatimah, Zubairu Iliyasu, Sadiq Ajuji, Musa M. Bello, Safiyya Abdulkadir, Nafisa Nass, Hamisu M. Salihu, and Muktar H. Aliyu. "Correlates of Health Care Workers’ Knowledge and HIV-Exposed Infant Immunization Counseling Practice in Northern Nigeria." International Journal of Maternal and Child Health and AIDS (IJMA) 10, no. 1 (December 30, 2020): 55–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.21106/ijma.432.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-exposed and HIV-infected infants are at increased risk of vaccine-preventable diseases. However, little is known about health care workers’ knowledge and immunization counseling practices in this population. We determined the predictors of health care workers’ knowledge of vertical transmission risks, HIV exposed/infected infant immunization, and counseling practices in a tertiary center in Northern Nigeria. Methods: A cross-section of 297 health workers were interviewed using a structured, validated questionnaire. Knowledge and HIV-exposed infant immunization counseling practices were analyzed, and adjusted odds ratios for predictors were derived from logistic regression models. Results: Of the 297 participating health care workers, (32.3%, n=96) had adequate knowledge of HIVexposed/infected infant immunization. Two-thirds (67%, n=199) of the participants appropriately identified the timing of infant diagnosis, while (73%, n=217) and (56.2%, n=167) correctly categorized infants as HIV-exposed and HIV-infected, respectively. Only (19.5%, n=58) participants had ever counselled a HIVpositive mother on infant immunization. Knowledge was predicted by work unit (HIV clinic vs. Obstetrics & Gynecology clinic), (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) =3.78, 95% CI: 1.27-5.54), age (30-39 vs. <30 years), (AOR=2.24, 95% CI:1.19-5.67), years of experience (≥10 vs. <5), (AOR=1.76, 95% CI: 1.15-6.04), number of children (1 vs. 0), (AOR=1.73, 95% CI:1.14-4.23), infant immunization training (yes vs. no), (AOR=1.57, 95% CI:1.12-5.43), female sex (AOR = 1.17, 95% CI:1.06-2.21), profession (nurse/midwife vs. physician), (AOR=0.44, 95% CI:0.21-0.94) and previous HIV test (no vs. yes), (AOR=0.67, 95% CI:0.21-0.83). Conclusion and Global Health Implications: Knowledge of HIV-exposed infant immunization was low and counseling practices were sub-optimal. Both immunization knowledge and counseling practices were predicted by demographic, professional, and training variables. Our findings indicate the need for educating health care workers on HIV exposed/infected infant immunization policy and improving counseling skills through capacity-building programs. Key words: • Knowledge • Health care workers • HIV • Infant • Immunization • Nigeria Copyright © 2021 Iliyasu et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in this journal, is properly cited.
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Thlakma, Richard Sunday, and John Eche Omale. "AN ASSESSMENT OF THE VARIOUS MITIGATION STRATEGIES TO COMBAT DESERTIFICATION IN JIBIA AND KAITA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREAS OF KATSINA STATE." Geosfera Indonesia 4, no. 2 (August 2, 2019): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/geosi.v4i2.10192.
Full textAbstract:
This study was conducted on an assessment of the various mitigation strategies to combat desertification in Jibia and Kaita Local Government Areas of Katsina State, Nigeria. The data use includes Satellite imageries for the study such as landsat MSS of 1976, landsat TM of 1987, SPOT XS of 1995 and landsat ETM of 2006 as well as structured questionnaires. Sixty close ended copies of the Questionnaire were administered in the study. Purposive sampling method of administering questionnaires was adopted. The percentages land mass covered for each of these variables was determined and estimated in M2. literature was obtained from various agencies which were responsible for desertification control in Katsina state. It was found from the reserved forest that in 1976 the percentage of reserved forest was 2.57%. In 1987 however, it increased by 73.9% to 76.47 %. By 1995, it declined by 9.42% to 67.05% and further declined by 0.52% in 2006. Effort to combat desertification through the use of reserved forest has been quite significant over the years. Also, noticed was a declined in shelter belt from 5.91% in 1987 to 1.097% in 1995 and a shot up to 7.39% in 2006. About 37% of the respondent opined that the deforestation leads to the disappearance of trees while 33% pinioned that it leads to reduction on agricultural productivity. The major strategy adopted to combat desertification is tree planting as supported by 88% of the respondents. It found that desertification as major environmental problem of the study area has reduced drastically from 43.34% in 1976 to 1.29% in 2006. It was also revealed from this study that some organizations such as European Economic Community/Katsina State government EEC/KTSG, Katsina Afforestation Project Unit KTAPU and Local Government Councils are the major agencies that are responsible for mitigating desertification in the study area.
Keywords: Desertification, Mitigation, Afforestation, Shelterbelt and Satellite image
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Copyright (c) 2019 Geosfera Indonesia Journal and Department of Geography Education, University of Jember
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Yisa, J., Oluwaseun Olubadewo-Joshua, and Oboh Satur Okosun. "Utilization of GIS Techniques as Decision Support System for Location of Filling Stations in Minna, Niger State, Nigeria." Geosfera Indonesia 4, no. 3 (November 25, 2019): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/geosi.v4i3.9713.
Full textAbstract:
The study demonstrated that spatial analysis with relevant socio-economic sources and physical parameter from different sources can be evaluated for the filling station sites planning. This has demonstrated the importance of Geographic Information System (GIS) application in predicting and determining of site criteria for filling stations facilities development, most especially in areas where there is land uses competition which requires consumer accessibility, sustainability, environmental safety, environmentally sensitive development solutions, etc. A stratified sampling technique was used to select the sample size and administration of the questionnaire. The data collected was analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequency distribution, bar chart, pie chart and percentage and maps showing the sampled existing filling stations in the study area. The result shows the distribution of filling stations located across the study area. This study shows that GIS and multi-criteria analysis are essential tools to assist in correct siting to national planners and decision-makers in deciding the most appropriate filling stations location pattern to apply in Minna and its environs.
Keywords: GIS, filling stations, spatial distribution, location, distance.
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Copyright (c) 2019 Geosfera Indonesia Journal and Department of Geography Education, University of Jember
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Rahman, Md Naimur. "Urban Expansion Analysis and Land Use Changes in Rangpur City Corporation Area, Bangladesh, using Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) Techniques." Geosfera Indonesia 4, no. 3 (November 25, 2019): 217. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/geosi.v4i3.13921.
Full textAbstract:
This study aim to attempt mapping out the Land Use or Land Cover (LULC) status of Regional Project Coordination Committee (RPCC) between 2009-2019 with a view of detecting the land consumption rate and the changes that has taken place using RS and GIS techniques; serving as a precursor to the further study on urban induced variations or change in weather pattern of the cityn Rangpur City Corporation(RCC) is the main administrative functional area for both of Rangpur City and Rangpur division and experiencing a rapid changes in the field of urban sprawl, cultural and physical landscape,city growth. These agents of Land use or Land cover (LULC) varieties are responsible for multi-dimensional problems such as traffic congestion, waterlogging, and solid waste disposal, loss of agricultural land. In this regard, this study fulfills LULC changes by using Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) as well as field survey was conducted for the measurement of change detection. The sources of data were Landsat 7 ETM and landsat 8 OLI/TIRS of both C1 level 1. Then after correcting the data, geometrically and radiometrically change detection and combined classification (supervised & unsupervised) were used. The study finds LULC changes built-up area, water source, agricultural land, bare soil in a change of percentage is 17.23, 2.58, -9.94, -10.19 respectively between 2009 and 2019. Among these changes, bare soil is changed to a great extent, which indicates the expansion of urban areas is utilizing the land to a proper extent.
Keywords: Urban expansion; land use; land cover; remote sensing; geographic information system (GIS); Rangpur City Corporation(RCC).
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Copyright (c) 2019 Geosfera Indonesia Journal and Department of Geography Education, University of Jember
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