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Journal articles on the topic 'Core hole lifetime'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Tohyama, Takami, and Kenji Tsutsui. "Spectral weight of resonant inelastic X-ray scattering in doped cuprates: Effect of core-hole lifetime." International Journal of Modern Physics B 32, no. 17 (2018): 1840017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979218400179.

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We examine the effect of core-hole lifetime on the spectral weight of resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) in hole-doped cuprates. We calculate the spectral weight by using the exact diagonalization technique for a 4 × 4 doped Hubbard lattice and find that the spin-flip channel detecting single-magnon excitation is less sensitive to the core-hole lifetime while in the non-spin-flip channel the spectral weight is strongly dependent on the lifetime. In the latter, charge and two-magnon excitations predominately contribute to RIXS for short and long core-hole lifetimes, respectively. For a

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2

Ohno, Masahide. "Lifetime of core two-hole states in atoms." Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena 143, no. 1 (2005): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.elspec.2004.09.019.

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3

Hämäläinen, Keijo, J. B. Hastings, D. Peter Siddons, and Lonny Berman. "X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy beyond the Core-Hole Lifetime." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 32, S2 (1993): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.7567/jjaps.32s2.170.

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4

Carroll, T. X., N. Berrah, J. Bozek, et al. "Carbon1sphotoelectron spectrum of methane: Vibrational excitation and core-hole lifetime." Physical Review A 59, no. 5 (1999): 3386–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreva.59.3386.

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5

Zhou, Ke-Jin, Satoshi Matsuyama, and Vladimir N. Strocov. "hv 2-concept breaks the photon-count limit of RIXS instrumentation." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 27, no. 5 (2020): 1235–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577520008607.

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Upon progressive refinement of energy resolution, the conventional resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) instrumentation reaches the limit where the bandwidth of incident photons becomes insufficient to deliver an acceptable photon-count rate. Here it is shown that RIXS spectra as a function of energy loss are essentially invariant to their integration over incident energies within the core-hole lifetime. This fact permits RIXS instrumentation based on the hv 2-concept to utilize incident synchrotron radiation over the whole core-hole lifetime window without any compromise on the much fin

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6

Drube, W., A. Lessmann, and G. Materlik. "Reduced Core Hole Lifetime Broadening in Auger Final State Yield Spectra." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 32, S2 (1993): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.7567/jjaps.32s2.173.

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7

Nishihata, Y., O. Kamishima, Y. Kubozono, H. Maeda, and S. Emura. "XAFS in the high-energy region." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 5, no. 3 (1998): 1007–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0909049597016749.

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XAFS (X-ray absorption fine-structure) spectra were measured near K-absorption edges of Ce (40.5 keV), Dy (53.8 keV), Ta (67.4 keV) and Pt (78.4 keV). The blunt K-edge jump due to the finite lifetime of the core hole was observed. This makes it difficult to extract EXAFS (extended X-ray absorption fine-structure) functions at low k values. Local structure parameters can be evaluated from the EXAFS spectra above K-absorption edges in the high-energy region as well as from those above L III-edges. It was found that the finite-lifetime effect of the core hole is effectively taken into the photoel

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8

Ohno, Masahide. "Effect of the final-state interaction on the initial core–hole lifetime: the case of the 4s-hole lifetime of Sn metal." Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena 130, no. 1-3 (2003): 7–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0368-2048(02)00306-7.

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9

Riffe, D. M., G. K. Wertheim, and P. H. Citrin. "Different core-hole lifetime and screening in the surface of W(110)." Physical Review Letters 63, no. 18 (1989): 1976–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.63.1976.

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10

Riffe, D. M., G. K. Wertheim, P. H. Citrin, and D. N. E. Buchanan. "Core-hole lifetime and screening are different in the surface of W(110)." Physica Scripta 41, no. 6 (1990): 1009–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0031-8949/41/6/066.

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11

Morais, J., A. de Siervo, R. Landers, S. G. C. de Castro, and G. G. Kleiman. "Photon energy and core hole lifetime dependences of Ag high energy Auger satellites." Surface Science 433-435 (August 1999): 878–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0039-6028(99)00150-8.

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12

GRODNER, E., J. SREBRNY, Ch DROSTE, T. MOREK, A. PASTERNAK, and J. KOWNACKI. "DSAM LIFETIME MEASUREMENTS IN THE YRAST BAND OF 131La AND THE CHIRAL BANDS IN 132La." International Journal of Modern Physics E 13, no. 01 (2004): 243–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301304002016.

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Lifetimes of the h 11/2 decoupled band in 131 La and supposed chiral bands in odd-odd 132 La have been measured using the Doppler Shift Atenuation method. The properties of all bands have been calculated in terms of the Core Quasi Particle Coupling and Core Particle Hole Coupling models by using in both cases the same phenomenological core of 130 Ba . A new band in 132 La has been found.

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13

SUZUKI, I. H., K. OKADA, K. KAMIMORI, et al. "AUGER ELECTRON SPECTRA OF Kr2p HOLES USING MONOCHROMATIC SOFT X-RAYS." Surface Review and Letters 09, no. 01 (2002): 63–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x02001963.

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Normal Auger electron spectra from Kr2p hole states, L 23 M 45 M 45 and L 23 M 23 M 45, have been measured using monochromatized synchrotron radiation and a high resolution electron spectrometer. Measured spectra were reproduced with a fitting calculation, where Voigt functions including an instrumental resolution and natural lifetime widths of related core hole states were used. At most final states estimated energies for spectral peaks agree with those by electron and ion beam techniques. Relative intensities for some peaks are appreciably different from the previous results.

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14

Davies, Elliot Y., and Philip Mocz. "Fuzzy dark matter soliton cores around supermassive black holes." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 492, no. 4 (2020): 5721–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa202.

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ABSTRACT We explore the effect of a supermassive black hole (SMBH) on the density profile of a fuzzy dark matter (FDM) soliton core at the centre of a dark matter (DM) halo. We numerically solve the Schrödinger–Poisson equations, treating the black hole as a gravitational point mass, and demonstrate that this additional perturbing term has a ‘squeezing’ effect on the soliton density profile, decreasing the core radius, and increasing the central density. In the limit of large black hole mass, the solution approaches one akin to the hydrogen atom, with radius inversely proportional to the black

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15

Šipr, Ondřej, Jiří Vackář, and Ján Minár. "Finite lifetime broadening of calculated X-ray absorption spectra: possible artefacts close to the edge." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 25, no. 2 (2018): 523–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577518000048.

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X-ray absorption spectra calculated within an effective one-electron approach have to be broadened to account for the finite lifetime of the core hole. For methods based on Green's function this can be achieved either by adding a small imaginary part to the energy or by convoluting the spectra on the real axis with a Lorentzian. By analyzing the FeK- andL2,3-edge spectra it is demonstrated that these procedures lead to identical results only for energies higher than a few core-level widths above the absorption edge. For energies close to the edge, spurious spectral features may appear if too m

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16

Fiestas, Jose. "Evolutionary models of rotating dense stellar systems: challenges in software and hardware." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 10, S312 (2014): 239–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921315007899.

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AbstractWe present evolutionary models of rotating self-gravitating systems (e.g. globular clusters, galaxy cores). These models are characterized by the presence of initial axisymmetry due to rotation. Central black hole seeds are alternatively included in our models, and black hole growth due to consumption of stellar matter is simulated until the central potential dominates the kinematics in the core. Goal is to study the long-term evolution (~ Gyr) of relaxed dense stellar systems, which deviate from spherical symmetry, their morphology and final kinematics. With this purpose, we developed

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17

Yuqiu, Qu, Zhang Liuyang, An Limin, and Wei Hong. "Investigation on photoluminescence quenching of CdSe/ZnS quantum dots by organic charge transporting materials." Materials Science-Poland 33, no. 4 (2015): 709–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/msp-2015-0120.

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AbstractThe effect of different organic charge transporting materials on the photoluminescence of CdSe/ZnS core/shell quantum dots has been studied by means of steady-state and time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy. With an increase in concentration of the organic charge transporting material in the quantum dots solutions, the photoluminescence intensity of CdSe/ZnS quantum dots was quenched greatly and the fluorescence lifetime was shortened gradually. The quenching efficiency of CdSe/ZnS core/shell quantum dots decreased with increasing the oxidation potential of organic charge transp

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18

Céolin, Denis, Ji-Cai Liu, Vinícius Vaz da Cruz, et al. "Recoil-induced ultrafast molecular rotation probed by dynamical rotational Doppler effect." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 11 (2019): 4877–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1807812116.

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Observing and controlling molecular motion and in particular rotation are fundamental topics in physics and chemistry. To initiate ultrafast rotation, one needs a way to transfer a large angular momentum to the molecule. As a showcase, this was performed by hard X-ray C1s ionization of carbon monoxide accompanied by spinning up the molecule via the recoil “kick” of the emitted fast photoelectron. To visualize this molecular motion, we use the dynamical rotational Doppler effect and an X-ray “pump-probe” device offered by nature itself: the recoil-induced ultrafast rotation is probed by subsequ

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19

Rovezzi, Mauro, Alistair Harris, Blanka Detlefs, et al. "TEXS: in-vacuum tender X-ray emission spectrometer with 11 Johansson crystal analyzers." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 27, no. 3 (2020): 813–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s160057752000243x.

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The design and first results of a large-solid-angle X-ray emission spectrometer that is optimized for energies between 1.5 keV and 5.5 keV are presented. The spectrometer is based on an array of 11 cylindrically bent Johansson crystal analyzers arranged in a non-dispersive Rowland circle geometry. The smallest achievable energy bandwidth is smaller than the core hole lifetime broadening of the absorption edges in this energy range. Energy scanning is achieved using an innovative design, maintaining the Rowland circle conditions for all crystals with only four motor motions. The entire spectrom

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20

Chen, Xuan Lin, Yu Qiu Qu, Gui Fan Li, Hong Wei, Liu Yang Zhang, and Li Min An. "Effect of Charge Transferring Materials on Photoluminescence Properties of CdSe/ZnS Quantum Dots." Advanced Materials Research 981 (July 2014): 879–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.981.879.

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The CdSe/ZnS core/shell quantum dots (QDs) were synthesized and characterized with absorption spectrometry, photoluminescence (PL) spectrometry and transmission electron microscopy. PL quenching of colloidal CdSe/ZnS QDs in the presence of charge transferring material was studied by means of steady-state and time-resolved PL spectroscopy. With increasing charge transferring materials concentration in the CdSe/ZnS QDs solution, the PL intensity and lifetime of CdSe/ZnS QDs decrease gradually. The quenching efficiency of CdSe/ZnS QDs decrease with increasing the oxidation potential of charge tra

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21

Garcia-Basabe, Yunier, Gustavo G. Parra, Marina B. Barioni, Cesar D. Mendoza, Flavio C. Vicentin, and Dunieskys G. Larrudé. "Species selective charge transfer dynamics in a P3HT/MoS2 van der Waals heterojunction: fluorescence lifetime microscopy and core hole clock spectroscopy approaches." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 21, no. 42 (2019): 23521–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9cp04431k.

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22

King, Andrew. "GSN 069 – A tidal disruption near miss." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters 493, no. 1 (2020): L120—L123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnrasl/slaa020.

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ABSTRACT I suggest that the quasi-periodic ultrasoft X-ray eruptions recently observed from the galaxy GSN 069 may result from accretion from a low-mass white dwarf in a highly eccentric orbit about its central black hole. At $0.21\,\rm M_{\odot }$, this star was probably the core of a captured red giant. Such events should occur in significant numbers as less extreme outcomes of whatever process leads to tidal disruption events. I show that gravitational radiation losses can drive the observed mass-transfer rate, and that the precession of the white dwarf orbit may be detectable in X-rays as

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23

Janiš, V. "Wiener–Hopf Method Applied to the X-ray Edge Problem." International Journal of Modern Physics B 11, no. 29 (1997): 3433–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979297001696.

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We apply the Wiener–Hopf method of solving convolutive integral equations on a semi-infinite interval to the X-ray edge problem. Dyson equations for basic Green functions from the X-ray problem are rewritten as convolutive integral equations on a time-interval [0,t] with t→∞. The long-time asymptotics of solutions to these equations is derived with the aid of the Wiener–Hopf method. Although the Wiener–Hopf long-time exponents differ by a factor of two from the solution of Nozières and De Dominicis we demonstrate how the latter and the critical exponents of measurable amplitudes from the X-ray

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24

Podsiadlowski, Philipp. "The Structure and Evolution of Thorne-Żytkow Objects." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 165 (1996): 29–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900055534.

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Thorne-Żytkow objects (TŻOs) are red supergiants with neutron cores. The energy source in TŻOs with low-mass envelopes (≲8 M⊙) is accretion onto the neutron core, while for TŻOs with massive envelopes (≲14 M⊙) it is nuclear burning via the exotic rp process. TŻOs are expected to form as a result of unstable mass transfer in high-mass X-ray binaries, the direct collision of a neutron star with a massive companion after a supernova or the collision of a neutron star with a low-mass star in a globular cluster. We estimate a birth rate of massive TŻOs in the Galaxy of ∼2 10−4 yr−1. Thus, for a cha

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25

Klencki, Jakub, Gijs Nelemans, Alina G. Istrate, and Onno Pols. "Massive donors in interacting binaries: effect of metallicity." Astronomy & Astrophysics 638 (June 2020): A55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202037694.

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Metallicity is known to significantly affect the radial expansion of a massive star: the lower the metallicity, the more compact the star, especially during its post-main sequence evolution. Our goal is to study this effect in the context of binary evolution. Using the stellar-evolution code MESA, we computed evolutionary tracks of massive stars at six different metallicities between 1.0 Z⊙ and 0.01 Z⊙. We explored variations of factors known to affect the radial expansion of massive stars (e.g., semiconvection, overshooting, or rotation). Using observational constraints, we find support for a

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26

Park, Junekyun, Eunkyu Shin, Jongwoo Park, and Yonghan Roh. "Improvement of Quantum Dot Light Emitting Device Characteristics by CdSe/ZnS Blended with HMDS (Hexamethyldisilazane)." Applied Sciences 10, no. 17 (2020): 6081. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10176081.

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We demonstrated the way to improve the characteristics of quantum dot light emitting diodes (QD-LEDs) by adding a simple step to the conventional fabrication process. For instance, we can effectively deactivate the surface defects of quantum dot (QD) (e.g., CdSe/ZnS core-shell QDs in the current work) with the SiO bonds by simply mixing QDs with hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) under atmospheric conditions. We observed the substantial improvement of device characteristics such that the current efficiency, the maximum luminance, and the QD lifetime were improved by 1.7–1.8 times, 15–18%, and nine ti

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27

Murphy, R., E. W. Plummer, C. T. Chen, W. Eberhardt, and R. Carr. "Dynamics of adsorbate core-hole decay. II. Lifetimes." Physical Review B 39, no. 11 (1989): 7517–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.39.7517.

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28

Kelsall, R. W. "Monte Carlo Simulations of Intersubband Hole Relaxation in a GaAs/AlAs Quantum Well." VLSI Design 8, no. 1-4 (1998): 367–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1998/87925.

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An ensemble Monte Carlo code has been developed for the simulation of hole relaxation processes in a GaAs/AlAs quantum well. The code includes a realistic k.p model of the valence subbands and corresponding wavefunctions. Intra- and inter-subband phonon scattering rates are calculated for polar and non-polar interactions via both optical and acoustic modes. The code is used to simulate the cooling of non-equilibrium photogenerated hole populations. A lifetime of 90 fs is extracted for optical phonon mediated depopulation of the 4th subband at 77K. By contrast, the 2nd subband exhibits fast re-

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29

Kremer, Kyle, Claire S. Ye, Sourav Chatterjee, Carl L. Rodriguez, and Frederic A. Rasio. "The Role of “black hole burning” in the evolution of dense star clusters." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 14, S351 (2019): 357–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921319007269.

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AbstractAs self-gravitating systems, dense star clusters exhibit a natural diffusion of energy from their innermost to outermost regions, leading to a slow and steady contraction of the core until it ultimately collapses under gravity. However, in spite of the natural tendency toward “core collapse,” the globular clusters (GCs) in the Milky Way exhibit a well-observed bimodal distribution in core radii separating the core-collapsed and non-core-collapsed clusters. This suggests an internal energy source is at work, delaying the onset of core collapse in many clusters. Over the past decade, a l

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30

Eberhardt, W., J. Stöhr, D. Outka, and R. J. Madix. "Core hole screening and lifetimes in adsorbates on metallic surfaces." Solid State Communications 54, no. 6 (1985): 493–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0038-1098(85)90654-4.

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31

First, P. N., R. L. Fink, and C. P. Flynn. "Emission spectra and core-hole lifetimes from anomalous x-ray edges in alloys." Physical Review Letters 60, no. 10 (1988): 952–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.60.952.

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32

Larkins, F. P. "Influence of core hole screening on molecular Auger rates and inner-shell lifetimes." Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena 67, no. 1 (1994): 159–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0368-2048(93)02028-k.

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33

Kayastha, Bhusan, Long Wang, Peter Berczik, et al. "Realistic models of Globular Clusters with white dwarfs, neutron stars and black holes using GPU supercomputer." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 15, S357 (2019): 206–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921320000459.

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AbstractWe present some results from the DRAGON simulations, a set of four direct N-body simulations of globular clusters (GCs) with a million stars and five percent initial (primordial) binaries. These simulations were undertaken with the NBODY6++GPU code, which allowed us to follow dynamical and stellar evolution of individual stars and binaries, formation and evolution of white dwarfs, neutron stars, and black holes, and the effect of a galactic tidal field. The simulations are the largest existing models of a realistic globular cluster over its full lifetime of 12 billion years. In particu

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34

Neupane, Mahesh R., Roger K. Lake, and Rajib Rahman. "Core size dependence of the confinement energies, barrier heights, and hole lifetimes in Ge-core/Si-shell nanocrystals." Journal of Applied Physics 110, no. 7 (2011): 074306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3642970.

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35

Wang, Zeli, Zhen Chen, Jiadong Dan, et al. "Improving Photoelectrochemical Activity of ZnO/TiO2 Core–Shell Nanostructure through Ag Nanoparticle Integration." Catalysts 11, no. 8 (2021): 911. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11080911.

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In solar energy harvesting using solar cells and photocatalysts, the photoexcitation of electrons and holes in semiconductors is the first major step in the solar energy conversion. The lifetime of carriers, a key factor determining the energy conversion and photocatalysis efficiency, is shortened mainly by the recombination of photoexcited carriers. We prepared and tested a series of ZnO/TiO2-based heterostructures in search of designs which can extend the carrier lifetime. Time-resolved photoluminescence tests revealed that, in ZnO/TiO2 core–shell structure the carrier lifetime is extended b

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36

Püttner, Ralph, Tatiana Marchenko, Renaud Guillemin, et al. "Si 1s−1, 2s−1 and 2p−1 lifetime broadening of SiX4 (X = F, Cl, Br, CH3) molecules: SiF4 anomalous behaviour reassessed." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 21, no. 17 (2019): 8827–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cp07369d.

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37

CSERNY, I., L. KÖVÉR, J. TÓTH, and M. FI ER. "DETERMINATION OF CORE HOLE LIFETIMES USING X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY : APPLICATION AND USE OF DECONVOLUTION PROCEDURES." Le Journal de Physique Colloques 48, no. C9 (1987): C9–1017—C9–1020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jphyscol:19879182.

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38

Hawe, Philipp, Vitor R. R. Silveira, Robert Bericat Vadell, Erik Lewin, and Jacinto Sá. "Plasmon-Mediated Oxidation Reaction on Au/p-Cu2O: The Origin of Hot Holes." Physchem 1, no. 2 (2021): 163–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/physchem1020011.

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More sustainable solutions are needed to produce chemicals and fuels, mainly to face rising demands and mitigate climate change. Light, as a reagent, has emerged as a route to activate small molecules, e.g., H2O, CO2, N2, and make complex chemicals in a process called photocatalysis. Several photosystems have been proposed, with plasmonic technology emerging as one the most promising technologies due to its high optical absorption and hot-carrier formation. However, the lifetime of hot carriers is unsuitable for direct use; therefore, they are normally coupled with suitable charge-accepting ma

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Panda, Niranjan, and Binod Kumar Pattanayak. "Defense Against Co-Operative Black-hole Attack and Gray-hole Attack in MANET." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.4 (2018): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.4.16752.

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Mobile Ad-hoc networks (MANETs) can be termed as an autonomous system created by the collaboration of a set of motile nodes communicating with one another through available wireless media and each node behaves as an end system, as well as a router for packet forwarding. Each node is allowed to move freely, change locations and configure them to form a network. Finding an optimal and efficient path between the sender and receiver node is the main aim of routing protocols. Multipath routing protocols show a better result in comparison to single path routing protocols, for data transmission from

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40

BJÖRNEHOLM, OLLE. "RESONANT CORE LEVEL STUDIES OF MOLECULES AND CLUSTERS: ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE AND FEMTOSECOND DYNAMICS." Surface Review and Letters 09, no. 01 (2002): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x02001732.

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Core level spectroscopy offers probing of atomic matter localized both in time and space. The temporal localization is due to the short lifetime of core holes, which opens a window from the energy domain to the low femtosecond time domain. The thus enabled studies of dynamic phenomena are exemplified by ultrafast dissociation of molecules. It is shown how information may be obtained about a characteristic dissociation time scale and the fragment velocities. The latter are also shown to be photon-energy-dependent. The spatial localization is due to the atomic character of core levels even in po

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41

Bashiri, Abdullateef H., and Abdulnaser M. Alshoaibi. "Adaptive Finite Element Prediction of Fatigue Life and Crack Path in 2D Structural Components." Metals 10, no. 10 (2020): 1316. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10101316.

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The existence of a hole near a growing fatigue crack can cause the crack trajectory to deviate. Unless the hole is too close to the crack, the crack is arrested at the edge of the hole and does not progress further. The purpose of this paper was to predict the crack propagation and lifetime of two-dimension geometries for linear elastic materials in mixed-mode loading using a finite element source code program written in Visual Fortran language. The finite element mesh is generated using the advancing front method. The onset criterion of crack propagation was based on the equivalent stress int

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42

Choi, Dongmin, Sangman Moh, and Ilyong Chung. "ARCS: An Energy-Efficient Clustering Scheme for Sensor Network Monitoring Systems." ISRN Communications and Networking 2011 (September 19, 2011): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2011/572572.

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To achieve efficiency in prolonging the lifetime of sensor networks many schemes have been proposed. Among these schemes, a clustering protocol is an efficient method that prolongs the lifetime of a network. However, in applying this method, some nodes consume energy unnecessarily because of an environment in which the collected data of the sensor nodes easily overlap. In this paper we propose a clustering method which reduces unnecessary data transmission among nodes by excluding the duplication of data. Our method alleviates the problem where nearby nodes collect the same data from adjacent

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43

Li, Luping, Cheng Xu, Yang Zhao, and Kirk J. Ziegler. "Tin-Doped Indium Oxide-Titania Core-Shell Nanostructures for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells." Advances in Condensed Matter Physics 2014 (2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/903294.

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Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) hold great promise in the pursuit of reliable and cheap renewable energy. In this work, tin-doped indium oxide (ITO)-TiO2core-shell nanostructures are used as the photoanode for DSSCs. High-density, vertically aligned ITO nanowires are grown via a thermal evaporation method and TiO2is coated on nanowire surfaces via TiCl4treatment. It is found that high TiO2annealing temperatures increase the crystallinity of TiO2shell and suppress electron recombination in the core-shell nanostructures. High annealing temperatures also decrease dye loading. The highest effic

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Lee, Seung Gun, Jong Sung Kim, Jin Seok Park, and Tae Eun Jin. "The Effect of Residual Stress on Fatigue Crack Growth of Multi-Pass Welds." Key Engineering Materials 306-308 (March 2006): 1325–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.306-308.1325.

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The multi-pass welding generates residual stress which may change fatigue crack growth rate and impair the lifetime of nuclear welded structures. In this paper, we performed fatigue test with notched specimens and evaluate the effect of residual stress on fatigue crack growth rate of welds. In order to identify the magnitude of residual stress, the residual stress was measured by HDM (hole drilling method) and residual stress analysis was performed by using FEM (finite element method). In order to review the effect of residual stress on fatigue crack growth rate, the fatigue crack growth analy

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Abd Aziz, Azrina, Shaliza Ibrahim, and Saravanan Pichiah. "Nanocrystal TiO₂ Engulfed SiO₂-Barium Hexaferrite for Enhanced Electrons Mobility and Solar Harvesting Potential." Materials Science Forum 819 (June 2015): 226–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.819.226.

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Barium hexaferrite embedded-silica-titania photocatalyst (TiO2-SiO2-BaFe12O19) was synthesized through sol-gel, liquid catalytic phase transformation and solid reaction routes. The magnetic photocatalyst was aimed to harvest the photoenergy from the sunlight, minimize the electron-holes recombination rate, improve the long lifetime charge-carriers transfer to maximize the photocatalytic activity and enhances the separation and reusability of it. The as-synthesized photocatalyst was characterized and the photocatalytic activity was evaluated for the reduction of 2, 4-dichlorophenol (2, 4-DCP) u

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Falkendal, Theresa, Carlos De Breuck, Matthew D. Lehnert, et al. "Massive galaxies on the road to quenching: ALMA observations of powerful high redshift radio galaxies." Astronomy & Astrophysics 621 (January 2019): A27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201732485.

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We present 0.″3 (band 6) and 1.″5 (band 3) ALMA observations of the (sub)millimeter dust continuum emission for 25 radio galaxies at 1 < z < 5.2. Our survey reaches a rms flux density of ∼50 μJy in band 6 (200–250 GHz) and ∼20 μJy in band 3 (100–130 GHz). This is an order of magnitude deeper than single-dish 850 μm observations, and reaches fluxes where synchrotron and thermal dust emission are expected to be of the same order of magnitude. Combining our sensitive ALMA observations with low-resolution radio data from ATCA, higher resolution VLA data, and infrared photometry from Herschel

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Tirupati, Srinivasan, and Padmavati Ramachandran. "Schizophrenia, recovery and the individual-cultural considerations." Australasian Psychiatry 28, no. 2 (2019): 190–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1039856219889320.

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Objectives: The concept of recovery in mental health has been embraced by many services across the world. Placing the individual (self) at the core of service delivery constituted a profound shift from service-driven models of care. However, cultures described as individualistic or collectivist may hold very different views of individuality. In cultures with collectivist orientation, the notion of ‘individualism’ is integrated into the structure and dynamics of the family. The families in such cultures play a major and lifetime role in caring for its members, making decisions and acting in con

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D'Angiolella, Lucia Sara, Riccardo Miglietta, Francesco Bandello, Stanislao Rizzo, and Lorenzo Giovanni Mantovani. "[Cost-effectiveness analysis of ocriplasmin in the treatment of vitreomacular traction in Italy]." Farmeconomia. Health economics and therapeutic pathways 16, no. 4 (2015): 93–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.7175/fe.v16i4.1221.

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BACKGROUND: Vitreomacular traction (VMT) caused by vitreomacular adhesion (VMA), is a pathological condition when the vitreous humor has an abnormally strong attachment to the central part of the retina. Ocriplasmin recently approved for the treatment of VMT, including when associated with macular hole (MH) of diameter less than or equal to 400 microns, is a recombinant truncated form of the human serine protease plasmin with retained enzymatic activity, administered by intravitreal injection. We estimated long-term benefits and costs associated with the resolution of traction, following treat

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LEI, X. L., Y. HE, and F. H. SUN. "OPTIMIZATION OF CVD DIAMOND COATING TYPE ON MICRO DRILLS IN PCB MACHINING." Surface Review and Letters 23, no. 02 (2016): 1550108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x15501085.

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The demand for better tools for machining printed circuit boards (PCBs) is increasing due to the extensive usage of these boards in digital electronic products. This paper is aimed at optimizing coating type on micro drills in order to extend their lifetime in PCB machining. First, the tribotests involving micro crystalline diamond (MCD), nano crystalline diamond (NCD) and bare tungsten carbide (WC-Co) against PCBs show that NCD–PCB tribopair exhibits the lowest friction coefficient (0.35) due to the unique nano structure and low surface roughness of NCD films. Thereafter, the dry machining pe

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Parkinson, James. "Demographic shifts: how an increasing “active Third Age” could come to shape the future of our cities." Working with Older People 18, no. 2 (2014): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/wwop-03-2014-0008.

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Purpose – This paper is adapted from a Royal Institute of British Architects Building Futures project and is intended to stimulate discussion around the impact that the ageing population could have on the way cities of the near future are designed (and lived in); specifically the positive contribution that an active, older generation could make to both society and the economy in the UK. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – Following a public debate and a series of roundtable discussions with experts across a wide range of disciplines from architecture and urban

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