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1

Reis, Luís G., P. Carvalho, C. Alves, and Manuel de Freitas. "Mechanical Behaviour of Sandwich Beams Manufactured with Glass or Jute Fiber in Facings and Cork Agglomerates as Core." Materials Science Forum 636-637 (January 2010): 245–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.636-637.245.

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The environment is a prominent issue today. Designing environmentally sustainable products is an attempt to address this question. In many cases, natural materials are environmentally friendly for product design manufacturing. The goal of this work is to study the mechanical behaviour of NL10 and NL30 cork agglomerates. Compression, shear and bending tests in sandwich specimens made of glass or jute fiber in facings and cork agglomerates as core were carried out. The sandwich specimens were manufactured by Resin Transfer Moulding (RTM) process. Results show that NL30 has a higher compression s
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Le Barbenchon, Louise, Jérémie Girardot, Jean-Benoît Kopp, and Philippe Viot. "Strain Rate Effect on the Compressive Behaviour of Reinforced Cork Agglomerates." EPJ Web of Conferences 183 (2018): 03018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201818303018.

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The demand for bio-sourced materials is currently increasing. Cork material because of its unique properties (fire resistant, energy absorbing, …) is then an excellent candidate for a large set of applications. In order to widen its possible uses, cork agglomerates with reinforcements at a 0.48 density were studied to compare their mechanical performances with classical cork agglomerates. This paper investigates the effect of these foreign reinforcements on the properties of agglomerated cork under a compressive loading. The material behavior has been determined as a function of the average st
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XIAOZHOU, SONG, LIU GUORUI, FENG XUECHUN, and ZHANG LI. "PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES OF AGGLOMERATED CORK PANELS BOUND WITH CHITOSAN BINDER." WOOD RESEARCH 67(4) 2022 67, no. 4 (2022): 648–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.37763/wr.1336-4561/67.4.648660.

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In this paper, acidified chitosan was used as an adhesive to prepare aldehyde-free, environmentally-friendly agglomerated cork panels by hot-pressing. After preparation, thephysical, mechanical, and the finishing properties of the chitosan-glued agglomerated cork panels were investigated. The optimal mass ratio of acetic acid solution (1wt.%) to chitosan was determined to be 30:1. The resulting hot-pressed agglomerated cork panels, which featured adensity of 0.55 g.cm-3and a thickness of 4 mm, exhibited a tensile strength of 1.70 MPa and athermal conductivity of 0.11W.m-1·K-1. The agglomerated
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4

Silva, José M., Tessaleno C. Devezas, A. Silva, L. Gil, C. Nunes, and N. Franco. "Exploring the Use of Cork Based Composites for Aerospace Applications." Materials Science Forum 636-637 (January 2010): 260–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.636-637.260.

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Aerospace components are characterized by having high strength to weight ratios in order to obtain lightweight structures. Recently, different types of sandwich components using composite materials have been developed with the purpose of combining the effect of reinforced face-sheets with low weight core materials, such as honeycombs and foams. However, these materials must combine damage tolerance characteristics with high resistance under both static and dynamic loads. Cork composites can be considered as an alternative material for sandwich components since cork is a natural material with s
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5

Castro, Osvaldo, José M. Silva, Tessaleno Devezas, Arlindo Silva, and Luís Gil. "Cork agglomerates as an ideal core material in lightweight structures." Materials & Design 31, no. 1 (2010): 425–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2009.05.039.

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6

Macías-García, A., M. A. Díaz-Díez, E. M. Cuerda-Correa, A. Díaz-Parralejo, and V. Gómez-Serrano. "Use of cork agglomerates as acoustic absorbents." Materials Technology 24, no. 2 (2009): 114–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/175355509x425766.

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7

Knapic, Sofia, Carlos Pina dos Santos, Helena Pereira, and José S. Machado. "Performance of Expanded High-Density Cork Agglomerates." Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 29, no. 2 (2017): 04016198. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)mt.1943-5533.0001718.

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8

Fernandes, Fábio, Ricardo Alves de Sousa, Mariusz Ptak, and Gonçalo Migueis. "Helmet Design Based on the Optimization of Biocomposite Energy-Absorbing Liners under Multi-Impact Loading." Applied Sciences 9, no. 4 (2019): 735. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9040735.

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Cellular materials have been used in many applications such as insulation, packaging, and protective gear. Expanded polystyrene has been widely used as energy-absorbing liner in helmets due to its excellent cost-benefit relation. This synthetic material can absorb reasonable amounts of energy via permanent deformation. However, in real-world accidents, helmets may be subjected to multi-impact scenarios. Additionally, oil-derived plastic is presently a major source of societal concern regarding pollution and waste. As a sustainable alternative, cork is a natural cellular material with great cra
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9

Ptak, Mariusz, Paweł Kaczyński, Johannes Wilhelm, et al. "Graphene-Enriched Agglomerated Cork Material and Its Behaviour under Quasi-Static and Dynamic Loading." Materials 12, no. 1 (2019): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12010151.

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The use of cork for a variety of applications has been gaining significance due to environmental concerns and political agendas. Consequently, its range of applications is growing rapidly. In this work, aiming to improve its mechanical response for crashworthiness applications, cork agglomerates were enriched by small quantities of graphene oxide or graphene nanoplates in order to observe a resulting improvement of the mechanical behaviour during quasi-static and dynamic compressive loading cases. To produce homogenous cork agglomerates including graphene, the material was previously dispersed
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10

Pereira, H., and E. Ferreira. "Scanning electron microscopy observations of insulation cork agglomerates." Materials Science and Engineering: A 111 (May 1989): 217–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0921-5093(89)90215-3.

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11

Reis, L., and A. Silva. "Mechanical Behavior of Sandwich Structures using Natural Cork Agglomerates as Core Materials." Journal of Sandwich Structures & Materials 11, no. 6 (2009): 487–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1099636209104523.

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12

Jardin, R. T., F. A. O. Fernandes, A. B. Pereira, and R. J. Alves de Sousa. "Static and dynamic mechanical response of different cork agglomerates." Materials & Design 68 (March 2015): 121–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2014.12.016.

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13

Dı́az-Parralejo, A., M. A. Dı́az-Dı́ez, A. Macı́as-Garcı́a, P. de la Rosa-Blanco, and V. Gómez Serrano. "Bending strength of black and composite agglomerates of cork." Materials Letters 57, no. 24-25 (2003): 4004–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-577x(03)00255-6.

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14

Antunes e Sousa, Guilherme José, Ana Rita Santos Rocha, Gabriel Ferreira Serra, Fábio António Oliveira Fernandes, and Ricardo José Alves de Sousa. "Shear Thickening Fluids in Cork Agglomerates: An Exploration of Advantages and Drawbacks." Sustainability 15, no. 8 (2023): 6764. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15086764.

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Shear thickening fluids (STF) are a class of fluids whose viscosity significantly rises under external loads. The research on these fluids has been advancing in recent years regarding prospective practical applications, including developing impact-absorbing composites. Following the green agendas governments and legislators advocate, this study investigates the combination of STF and other sustainable materials. Cork is a naturally occurring cellular material with a negative carbon footprint and superior energy absorption properties. With varying concentrations of STF material, cork agglomerat
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15

Antunes e Sousa, Guilherme J., Afonso J. C. Silva, Gabriel F. Serra, Fábio A. O. Fernandes, Susana P. Silva, and Ricardo J. Alves de Sousa. "Experimental and Numerical Insights into the Multi-Impact Response of Cork Agglomerates." Materials 17, no. 19 (2024): 4772. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17194772.

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Due to their extraordinary qualities, including fire resistance, excellent crashworthiness, low thermal conductivity, permeability, non-toxicity, and reduced density, cellular materials have found extensive use in various engineering applications. This study uses a finite element analysis (FEA) to model the dynamic compressive behaviour of agglomerated cork to ascertain how its material density and stress relaxation behaviour are related. Adding the Mullins effect into the constitutive modelling of impact tests, its rebound phase and subsequent second impact were further examined and simulated
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16

Delucia, Marco, Anita Catapano, Marco Montemurro, and Jérôme Pailhès. "Determination of the effective thermoelastic properties of cork-based agglomerates." Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites 38, no. 16 (2019): 760–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0731684419846991.

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17

Carmo Lança, M., Eugen R. Neagu, Paulo C. Silva, Luís Gil, and José N. Marat-Mendes. "Study of Electrical Properties of Natural Cork and Two Derivative Products." Materials Science Forum 514-516 (May 2006): 940–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.514-516.940.

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Electrical properties of natural cork, commercial cork agglomerates (for floor and wall coverings) and a recently developed composite of cork/TetraPak® were studied. Measurements of isothermal charge and discharge currents were made for natural cork samples in different directions (axial, radial and tangential cuts). The isothermal current characteristics and the samples conductivity were investigated under different conditions (electric field, temperature and environmental conditions: in air at ambient relative humidity (RH), dry air and vacuum), also the samples could be or not conditioned (
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18

Lança, M. C., W. Wirges, E. R. Neagu, R. Gerhard, and J. Marat-Mendes. "Influence of humidity on the electrical charging properties of cork agglomerates." Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 353, no. 47-51 (2007): 4501–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2007.03.037.

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19

Lakreb, Nadia, Boudjema Bezzazi, and Helena Pereira. "Mechanical strength properties of innovative sandwich panels with expanded cork agglomerates." European Journal of Wood and Wood Products 73, no. 4 (2015): 465–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00107-015-0908-y.

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20

Lakreb, Nadia, Boudjema Bezzazi, and Helena Pereira. "Mechanical behavior of multilayered sandwich panels of wood veneer and a core of cork agglomerates." Materials & Design (1980-2015) 65 (January 2015): 627–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2014.09.059.

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21

Delucia, Marco, Anita Catapano, Marco Montemurro, and Jérôme Pailhès. "Pre-stress state in cork agglomerates: simulation of the compression moulding process." International Journal of Material Forming 14, no. 3 (2021): 485–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12289-021-01623-x.

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22

Buil, Ramon Miralbes, David Ranz Angulo, Jan Ivens, and Javier Oscar Abad Blasco. "Experimental study of natural cork and cork agglomerates as a substitute for expanded polystyrene foams under compressive loads." Wood Science and Technology 55, no. 2 (2021): 419–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00226-020-01254-6.

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23

Miranda, Isabel, and Helena Pereira. "Cork Façades as an Innovative and Sustainable Approach in Architecture: A Review of Cork Materials, Properties and Case Studies." Materials 17, no. 17 (2024): 4414. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17174414.

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Façades give the first impression of a structure, reflecting the overall aesthetic appeal, architectural styles, cultural influences, and technological advancements. Emphasis on sustainability is increasing, with a shift towards eco-friendly and energy-saving materials, triggered by decreasing the environmental impact of construction. Cork is a green competitive material for various engineering and design applications due to its biological formation, sustainable production and a portfolio of properties including low density, impermeability, viscoelastic behaviour and high thermal insulation th
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24

Matias, Maria Leonor, Maria Morais, Ana Pimentel, et al. "Floating TiO2-Cork Nano-Photocatalysts for Water Purification Using Sunlight." Sustainability 14, no. 15 (2022): 9645. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14159645.

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In the present study, titanium dioxide (TiO2) nano-photocatalysts were synthesized through microwave irradiation. In a typical microwave synthesis, TiO2 nanomaterials were simultaneously produced in powder form and also directly covering cork substrates. The TiO2 nanopowder was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), revealing that the solvothermal microwave synthesis resulted only in the TiO2 anatase phase. From Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), cork’s organic species, along with bands of TiO2, were detected. UV–VIS abs
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25

Popov, Vladimir. "Several Aspects of Application of Nanodiamonds as Reinforcements for Metal Matrix Composites." Applied Sciences 11, no. 10 (2021): 4695. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11104695.

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After detonation synthesis, primary nanodiamond particles are around 4–6 nm in size. However, they join into agglomerates with larger parameters and weak bonds between particles. The introduction of agglomerates into a metal matrix can lead to the weakness of composites. This paper demonstrates the possibility of obtaining a non-agglomerated distribution of nanodiamonds inside a metal matrix. The fabrication method was based on mechanical alloying to create additional stresses and deformations by phase transformations during treatment in a planetary mill. According to the findings, the startin
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26

Sousa, Guilherme J. A., Fábio A. O. Fernandes, Ana R. S. Rocha, Gabriel F. Serra, and Ricardo J. Alves de Sousa. "Manufacturing of Novel Cork-STF Composites Designed for Impact Energy Absorption." Key Engineering Materials 957 (October 2, 2023): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-7o8lxs.

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Shear thickening fluids (STF) viscosity significantly increases when subjected to an external dynamic load. Recent advances show their potential for engineering applications, such as developing shock absorbers and impact energy-absorbing structures. There is a search for sustainable materials for several applications due to the critical need to replace nonrenewable raw materials. Cork is a sustainable material reported to be an excellent alternative to synthetic energy absorbers thanks to its cellular microstructure and cell wall composition. This work explores the development of cork-STF comp
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27

Brandão, Pedro F., Rui M. Ramos, Inês M. Valente, et al. "Gas-diffusion microextraction coupled with spectrophotometry for the determination of formaldehyde in cork agglomerates." Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 409, no. 11 (2017): 2885–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00216-017-0233-x.

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28

Joao Teixeira, M., Anabela C. Fernandes, Benilde Saramago, M. Emilia Rosa, and Joao C. Bordado. "Influence of the wetting properties of polymeric adhesives on the mechanical behaviour of cork agglomerates." Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology 10, no. 11 (1996): 1111–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156856196x00148.

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29

Pereira, H., and C. Baptista. "Influence of raw-material quality and process parameters in the production of insulation cork agglomerates." Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff 51, no. 5 (1993): 301–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02663799.

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30

André, Catarina, Inês Delgado, Isabel Castanheira, João Bordado, and Ana Sofia Matos. "Statistical experimental design screening strategies for free monomeric isocyanates determination by UPLC in materials used in cork stoppers manufacturing." ACTA IMEKO 6, no. 1 (2017): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.21014/acta_imeko.v6i1.395.

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<p>A statistical experimental design was used to screen variables of the analytical procedure to quantify free monomeric isocyanates presented in polyurethane based pre-polymers in trace amounts.</p><p>For this purpose, diphenylmethane-4,4’-diisocyanate (4,4’-MDI), 2,4-toluene diisocyanate (2,4-TDI) and 2,6-toluene diisocyanate (2,6-TDI) were analysed by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography with a Photo Diode Array detector (UPLC-PDA). A preliminary study was performed with three derivatization agents, being 1-(2-piridyl) piperazine (1,2-PP) the most suitable one. Column t
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31

Corte-Real, Luis M. R. M., Shahin Jalali, Catarina S. P. Borges, Eduardo A. S. Marques, Ricardo J. C. Carbas, and Lucas F. M. da Silva. "Development and Characterisation of Joints with Novel Densified and Wood/Cork Composite Substrates." Materials 15, no. 20 (2022): 7163. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15207163.

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The automotive industry, driven by the desire to decrease the environmental impact of vehicles, is permanently seeking to develop lightweight structural components, which lead to lower gas emissions and energy consumption, reducing their carbon footprint. In parallel, adopting innovative, constructive solutions, which dispense non-recyclable and energy-intensive materials, can increase the footprint reduction. Thus, an increase in the use of renewable materials for structural applications, including wood and its by-products, has been observed over the last few decades. Furthermore, composite m
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32

Brandão, Pedro Francisco, Rui Miguel Ramos, Paulo Joaquim Almeida, and José António Rodrigues. "Determination of Carbonyl Compounds in Cork Agglomerates by GDME-HPLC-UV: Identification of the Extracted Compounds by HPLC-MS/MS." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 65, no. 5 (2017): 1037–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.6b05370.

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33

Horwatt, Steven W., Ica Manas-Zloczower, and Donald L. Feke. "Simulation of the Breakup of Dense Agglomerates in Simple Shear Flows." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 65, no. 4 (1992): 805–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3538643.

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Abstract The transmission of stress within an agglomerate and hence the stress required for the agglomerate breakup is strongly dependent on the agglomerate structure. In this work, the influence of agglomerate structure on the dispersion process has been investigated through the use of computer simulations. Two different particle-particle agglomeration mechanisms, similar to the conditions under which carbon black is pelletized, have been used in this study. The linear trajectory agglomeration mechanism results in highly branched structures having a dense core, while the Eden model results in
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34

Thieringer, Julia R. D., Nicolas Hafen, Jörg Meyer, Mathias J. Krause, and Achim Dittler. "Investigation of the Rearrangement of Reactive–Inert Particulate Structures in a Single Channel of a Wall-Flow Filter." Separations 9, no. 8 (2022): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/separations9080195.

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Wall-flow filters are a standard component in exhaust gas aftertreatment and have become indispensable in vehicles. Ash and soot particles generated during engine combustion are deposited in diesel or gasoline particulate filters. During regeneration, the soot particles are oxidized. The remaining ash particles can form different deposition patterns: a homogenous layer or plug-end filling. It has not yet been clarified whether the plug-end filling is first formed by rearrangements of agglomerates before and during the regeneration of the reactive particles. In this study, experiments are carri
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Guo, Jin, Samira Hezaveh, Jana Tatur, An-Ping Zeng, and Uwe Jandt. "Reengineering of the human pyruvate dehydrogenase complex: from disintegration to highly active agglomerates." Biochemical Journal 474, no. 5 (2017): 865–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bcj20160916.

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The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) plays a central role in cellular metabolism and regulation. As a metabolite-channeling multi-enzyme complex it acts as a complete nanomachine due to its unique geometry and by coupling a cascade of catalytic reactions using ‘swinging arms'. Mammalian and specifically human PDC (hPDC) is assembled from multiple copies of E1 and E3 bound to a large E2/E3BP 60-meric core. A less restrictive and smaller catalytic core, which is still active, is highly desired for both fundamental research on channeling mechanisms and also to create a basis for further modif
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36

Pernas-Sánchez, Jesús, Jose A. Artero-Guerrero, David Varas, and Filipe Teixeira-Dias. "Cork Core Sandwich Plates for Blast Protection." Applied Sciences 10, no. 15 (2020): 5180. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10155180.

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A numerical model is developed and validated to analyse the performance of aluminium skin and agglomerated cork core sandwich plates subjected to blast loads. Two numerical approaches are used and thoroughly compared to generate the blast loading: an Arbitrary-Lagrangian–Eulerian approach and the Load Blast Enhanced method. Both of the models are validated by comparing the numerical results with experimental observations. A detailed analysis of the sandwich behaviour is done for both approaches showing small differences regarding the mechanical response of the sandwich structure. The results o
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Porozova, S. E., V. B. Kul’met’eva, T. Yu Pozdeeva, and V. O. Shokov. "Role of nanopowder agglomerates in forming the structure and properties of ceramic materials." Izvestiya vuzov. Poroshkovaya metallurgiya i funktsional’nye pokrytiya, no. 4 (December 15, 2020): 4–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/1997-308x-2020-4-4-13.

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A comparative analysis of agglomerates obtained by spray drying and granulation methods and consolidated materials based on them was carried out. The paper provides the results obtained when studying zirconia nanopowders granulated in water medium with an agar agar additive obtained by chemical precipitation with zirconia partially stabilized by yttrium oxide (2.5 mol.%), and TZ-3Y-E powder manufactured by Tosoh Corp. (Japan) that was prepared by spray drying. Agglomerates as well as microsections and fractures of samples were studied by scanning electron, optical, atomic force microscopy, and
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38

Varela, Miguel M., Fábio A. O. Fernandes, and Ricardo J. Alves de Sousa. "Development of an Eco-Friendly Head Impact Protection Device." Applied Sciences 10, no. 7 (2020): 2492. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10072492.

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Nowadays, the number of people practising contact sports has increased. In many of them, using head protective equipment is not mandatory, even if the use of headbands could increase the level of safety regarding several types of traumatic brain injuries. Many commercial solutions are currently available, based on plastic-based foams providing a decent level of protection and comfort to the user. This work introduces the use of agglomerated cork as an eco-friendly alternative to synthetic foams but at least keeping safety levels. Cork is a natural cellular material that has been showing excell
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Djemai Hocine, Hecini Mabrouk, and Adnane Labed. "On the characterization of sandwich panels for solar flat plate collectors’ applications: theoretical and experimental investigation." Journal of Applied Engineering Science & Technology 2, no. 1 (2016): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.69717/jaest.v2.i1.24.

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This paper presents an experimental characterization on the mechanical behaviour offour different sandwich panels, for use in thermal insulation. These Panels are the results of thecombination of four composite materials; two materials as skins (Glass-Polyester and Plywood)and two as cores (Polystyrene and Cork agglomerate). From the comparison between themechanical behaviour of these four sandwich panels which was tested for three point-bendingtests; the sandwich with Glass-Polyester as skin and Cork agglomerate as core has the highestoverall stiffness compared to the other sandwich panels. F
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40

Sergi, Claudia, Jacopo Tirillò, Fabrizio Sarasini, Enrique Barbero Pozuelo, Sonia Sanchez Saez, and Christoph Burgstaller. "The Potential of Agglomerated Cork for Sandwich Structures: A Systematic Investigation of Physical, Thermal, and Mechanical Properties." Polymers 11, no. 12 (2019): 2118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11122118.

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Considering the major role played by sandwich structures in many fields where high stiffness-to-weight ratio is required, the selection of a suitable core material is of paramount importance. In order to face the environmental problems related to waste disposal, the selection of an eco-friendly core material is now included in the design criteria of sandwich structures. Agglomerated cork is recognized as a good solution that combines satisfactory mechanical performances and eco-sustainability. Many research studies individually addressed cork’s morphological, thermal, and mechanical features w
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Kumar, S. Sathis, M. Milwich, B. L. Deopura, and H. Plank. "Finite element analysis of Carbon composite sandwich material with agglomerated Cork core." Procedia Engineering 10 (2011): 478–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2011.04.081.

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42

Ivañez, I., S. Sánchez-Saez, S. K. Garcia-Castillo, E. Barbero, A. Amaro, and P. N. B. Reis. "High-velocity impact behaviour of damaged sandwich plates with agglomerated cork core." Composite Structures 248 (September 2020): 112520. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2020.112520.

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43

Reis, P. N. B., M. P. Silva, P. Santos, J. M. Parente, S. Valvez, and A. Bezazi. "Mechanical performance of an optimized cork agglomerate core-glass fibre sandwich panel." Composite Structures 245 (August 2020): 112375. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2020.112375.

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Roseta, Maria, and Carlos Pina dos Santos. "Study in Real Conditions and in Laboratory of the Application of Expanded Agglomerated Cork as Exterior Wall Covering." Key Engineering Materials 634 (December 2014): 367–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.634.367.

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The interest of the study on the implementation of expanded agglomerated cork as exterior wall covering derives from two critical factors in a perspective of sustainable development: the use of a product consisting of a renewable natural material – cork – and the concern to contribute to greater sustainability in construction. The study aims to assess the feasibility of its use by analyzing the corresponding behaviour under different conditions. Since this application is relatively recent, only about ten years old, there is still much to learn about the reliability of its long-term properties.
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45

Fernandes, F. A. O., R. J. S. Pascoal, and R. J. Alves de Sousa. "Modelling impact response of agglomerated cork." Materials & Design 58 (June 2014): 499–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2014.02.011.

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46

Sanchez-Saez, S., S. K. García-Castillo, E. Barbero, and J. Cirne. "Dynamic crushing behaviour of agglomerated cork." Materials & Design (1980-2015) 65 (January 2015): 743–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2014.09.054.

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47

Ferreira, Ricardo, Diogo Pereira, António Gago, and Jorge Proença. "Experimental characterisation of cork agglomerate core sandwich panels for wall assemblies in buildings." Journal of Building Engineering 5 (March 2016): 194–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2016.01.003.

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48

Pereira, Gabriel Thomaz de Aquino, Ricardo J. Alves de Sousa, I.-Shih Liu, Marcello Goulart Teixeira, and Fábio A. O. Fernandes. "A New Material Model for Agglomerated Cork." Mathematical and Computational Applications 27, no. 6 (2022): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mca27060092.

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It is increasingly necessary to promote means of production that are less polluting and less harmful to the environment following the UN 2030 agenda for sustainable development. Using natural cellular materials in structural applications can be essential for enabling a future in this direction. Cork is a natural cellular material with an excellent energy absorption capacity. Its use in engineering applications and products has grown over time, so predicting its mechanical response through numerical tools is crucial. Classical cork modeling uses a model developed for foam material, including an
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49

Gomez, Arturo, Enrique Barbero, and Sonia Sanchez-Saez. "Modelling of carbon/epoxy sandwich panels with agglomerated cork core subjected to impact loads." International Journal of Impact Engineering 159 (January 2022): 104047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2021.104047.

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50

Sergi, Claudia, Fabrizio Sarasini, and Jacopo Tirillò. "The Compressive Behavior and Crashworthiness of Cork: A Review." Polymers 14, no. 1 (2021): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14010134.

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Cork, a natural material from renewable resources, is currently attracting increasing interest in different industrial fields because of its cellular structure and the presence of the flexible suberin as its main chemical component. In an agglomerated form, it proved to be a compelling product not only as a thermal and acoustic insulator, but also as core material in sandwich structures and as a liner or padding in energy absorbing equipment. From this perspective, the assessment of its compressive response is fundamental to ensure the right out-of-plane stiffness required to a core material a
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