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Academic literature on the topic 'Cormack-Lehane score'
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Journal articles on the topic "Cormack-Lehane score"
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Ferrando, Carlos, Gerardo Aguilar, and F. Javier Belda. "Comparison of the Laryngeal View during Tracheal Intubation Using Airtraq and Macintosh Laryngoscopes by Unskillful Anesthesiology Residents: A Clinical Study." Anesthesiology Research and Practice 2011 (2011): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/301057.
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Background and Objective. The Airtraq laryngoscope (Prodol Meditec, Vizcaya, Spain) is a novel tracheal intubation device. Studies, performed until now, have compared the Airtraq with the Macintosh laryngoscope, concluding that it reduces the intubation times and increase the success rate at first intubation attempt, decreasing the Cormack-Lehane score. The aim of the study was to evaluate if, in unskillful anesthesiology residents during the laryngoscopy, the Airtraq compared with the Macintosh laryngoscope improves the laryngeal view, decreasing the Cormack-Lehane score.Methods. A prospective, randomized, crossed-over trial was carried out on 60 patients. Each one of the patients were intubated using both devices by unskillful (less than two hundred intubations with the Macintosh laryngoscope and 10 intubations using the Airtraq) anesthesiology residents. The Cormack-Lehane score, the success rate at first intubation attempt, and the laryngoscopy and intubation times were compared.Results. The Airtraq significantly decreased the Cormack-Lehane score (). On the other hand, there were no differences in times of laryngoscopy (; IC 95% 3.1, +4.8) and intubation (; C95% −6.1, +10.0) between the two devices. No relevant complications were found during the maneuvers of intubation using both devices.Conclusions. The Airtraq is a useful laryngoscope in unskillful anesthesiology residents improving the laryngeal view and, therefore, facilitating the tracheal intubation.
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Wijaya, Andi Ade, Risha Ayuningtyas, and Dian Kusumaningrum. "Craniofacial Parameters Cannot Predict Difficulty for Laryng Visualization in Children 1–4 Years Old." Advanced Science Letters 24, no. 8 (2018): 6087–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/asl.2018.12633.
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Airway assesment is an important measure to minimize airway complication, both in adults and children. Cormack-Lehane grading system is most widely used as guideline in predicting difficulty for larynx visualization in adults. However, not much had been found regarding guidelines for children. This study was conducted to find the association between craniofacial parameters and Cormack-Lehane (C-L) Score in children. This study is an analytic-descriptive study conducted to find the most significant craniofacial parameters (lower lip mental, tragus – lip distance, mental angle, mentohioid, and angulus distance) towards difficulty of larynx visualization in children aged 1–4 years old who had general anesthesia in Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital. The sample was obtained using the consecutive sampling method. Based on the inclusion criteria, we have collected 295 patients with the consent from the parents. Difficulty in laryngoscopy (Cormack-Lehane III and IV) was found in 8.1% patients. There was no significant association beteween five craniofacial parameters and Cormack-Lehane score with p values of each craniofacial parameters of 0.679, 0.173, 0.590, 0.251, and 0.884, respectively. The craniofacial parameter explained in this study cannot be used as a measurement tool for predicting of laryngoscopy difficulty in children age 1–4 years old.
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BİLAL, Bora, Nagihan BİLAL, Ömer Faruk BORAN, Deniz TUNCEL, Adem DOĞANER, and Feyza ÇALIŞIR. "Difficult Airway Anthropometric Measurements in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea According to Sleep Endoscopy Scores." Cukurova Anestezi ve Cerrahi Bilimler Dergisi 5, no. 3 (2022): 306–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.36516/jocass.1130112.
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Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the measures to evaluate difficult intubation and predictors of intubation difficulties in the preoperative period in patients undergoing obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) surgery. With these measurements, both the modified Cormack Lehane score and obstructions during sleep endoscopy were evaluated. 
 Material Methods: The study included 40 patients who presented at the outpatient clinic with the complaint of snoring, underwent polysomnography, and were diagnosed with OSAS between August 2018 and December 2019. Measurements were taken of the modified Mallampati Index, mouth opening, thyromental distance, and sternomental distance. The modified Cormack Lehane scoring system was applied after anesthesia induction.
 
 Results: A statistically significant correlation was observed between thyromental distance and the Modified Cormack Lehane Scoring-system (MCLS) (p = 0.017) and between intubation time and MCLS (p = 0.012). As MCLS increased, the average intubation time increased. A statistically significant correlation was observed between external compression and MCLS (p = 0.001) and between the number of intubation trials and MCLS (p = 0.035). A positive correlation was found between MCLS and the desaturation index (p = 0.035, r = 0.343) and between the MCLS and the hypopnea index (p = 0.031, r = 0.342)
 Conclusion: There was found to be interdependence with the measurements related to difficult intubation according to both the sleep position and the apnea hypopnea index and hypopnea index
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Lang, Marika. "Der präoperative anästhesiologische Befundbogen." Im OP 13, no. 03 (2023): 110–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-2017-0513.
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Um relevante Informationen für die Vorbereitung und den Ablauf der Narkose zu erhalten, werden präoperativ anästhesiologische Befunde erhoben. Wir stellen die wichtigsten Tools – ASA-Klassifikation, Apfel-Score, Mallampati-Test und Cormack-Lehane-Stadien – vor und erläutern an Fallbeispielen, wie eine adäquate und sichere Patientenversorgung gelingt.
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Makhamreh, Basel, Hani Alhadid, and Tareq Abu Alghanam. "Cormack Lehane Score and Dexamethasone as Predictors of Hoarseness after Bronchocath Extubation." Journal of the Royal Medical Services 20, no. 01 (2013): 74–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.12816/0000044.
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Oh, Ji Youn, Ji Hye Lee, Yu Yil Kim, Seung Min Baek, Da Wa Jung, and Ji Hun Park. "A comparative study of glottis visualization according to the method of lifting the epiglottis in video laryngoscopy: indirect and direct lifting methods." Anesthesia and Pain Medicine 16, no. 2 (2021): 196–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.17085/apm.20073.
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Background: The direct entry of the camera under the epiglottis may provide a better view of the glottis than the indirect lifting of the epiglottis by placing the Macintosh blade tip on the vallecula when using the video laryngoscope. This study aimed to compare the efficiency of two different methods of lifting the epiglottis during the visualization of glottis using video laryngoscopy in the same patient.Methods: This prospective study enrolled 60 patients who underwent general anesthesia with tracheal intubation. In each patient, glottic views were obtained by directly (group DE) and indirectly lifting the epiglottis (group IE). These two methods were compared using the modified Cormack and Lehane grade and the percentage of glottis opening (POGO) score as assessment parameters.Results: Modified Cormack and Lehane grade showed a significant difference between the groups DE and IE (P = 0.004). The difference in the POGO score between the groups DE and IE was also statistically significant (87.5% and 64.4%, respectively; P < 0.001).Conclusions: Our results, therefore, revealed that the method of directly lifting epiglottis was better at exposing glottis than the method of indirectly lifting epiglottis using a video laryngoscope.
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Dawood, Ahmed Salam, Bashar Zuhair Talib, and Istabraq Sadoon Sabri. "PREDICTION OF DIFFICULT INTUBATION BY USING UPPER LIP BITE, THYROMENTAL DISTANCE AND MALLAMPATI SCORE IN COMPARISON TO CORMACK AND LEHANE CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM." Wiadomości Lekarskie 74, no. 9 (2021): 2305–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.36740/wlek202109211.
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The aim: To evaluate efficacy of Modified Mallampati test (MMT), upper lip bite test (ULBT) and Thyromental distance (TMD) or combination of two method Modified Mallampati test (MMT)+ upper lip bite test (ULBT), Thyromental distance (TMD) + upper lip bite test (ULBT) in prediction of difficult intubation in patients undergoing GA. Materials and methods: Three tests were carried out in all patients by a single anesthesiologist. These were MMT, ULBT and TMD. Laryngoscopy was performed with patient’s head in the sniffing position. The laryngoscopy view was graded according to modified Cormack and Lehane classification system. Study was prospective, single cross sectional, in 151 adult patients who required GA with endotracheal intubation for elective surgery. On arrival in the operating room, routine monitoring and venous cannula were introduced. Midazolam, Fentanyl. and rocuronium, ketamine , propofol were given to facilitate endotracheal intubation. Results: Out of 150 assessed patients, 18 (12%) had difficult intubation. Of those 18 patients, 17 (83.33%) patients had Cormack and Lehane classification III and one patient (16.67%) had classification IV. Compared with Cormack and Lehane classification system as the gold standard for difficult intubation, the sensitivity and specificity of MMT was 66.67% and 96.97% respectively, while ULBT had a sensitivity of 77.78% and a specificity of 93.18%, and TMD had a sensitivity of 55.56% and specificity of 94.97% respectively. A combination of different tests improved their efficiencies. The sensitivity and specificity MMT and TMD combinations was 77.78% and 92.42% respectively, while it was 88.89% and 93.18%, respectively for MMT and ULPT. The combination of TMD and ULBT has a sensitivity of 88.33% and a specificity of 91.67%. Conclusions: Upper lip biting test has the best sensitivity while MMT had the best specificity. No single test alone can be reliable for predicting of difficult intubation. The combination of ULBT and MMT was the best in terms of both sensitivity and specificity for prediction of difficult intubation.
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Tamura, Miki, Teruhiko Ishikawa, Rie Kato, Shiroh Isono, and Takashi Nishino. "Mandibular Advancement Improves the Laryngeal View during Direct Laryngoscopy Performed by Inexperienced Physicians." Anesthesiology 100, no. 3 (2004): 598–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200403000-00020.
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Background When oral or nasal fiberoptic laryngoscopy is attempted, mandibular advancement has been reported to improve the laryngeal view. The authors hypothesized that mandibular advancement may also improve the laryngeal view during direct laryngoscopy. Methods Forty patients undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia were included in this study. After establishment of an adequate level of anesthesia and muscle relaxation, direct laryngoscopy was performed by inexperienced physicians. Four different maneuvers--simple direct laryngoscopy without any assistance (C), simple direct laryngoscopy with mandibular advancement (M), simple direct laryngoscopy with the BURP maneuver (backward, upward, rightward pressure maneuver of the larynx; B), and simple direct laryngoscopy with both mandibular advancement and the BURP maneuver (BM)--were attempted in each subject, and the laryngeal aperture was videotaped with each procedure. An instructor in anesthesiology who was blinded to the procedure evaluated the visualization by reviewing videotape off-line, using the Cormack-Lehane classification system (grades I-IV) and a rating score within each subject (1 = best view; 4 = poorest view). The Friedman test followed by the Student-Newman-Keuls test was performed for statistical comparison. P &lt; 0.05 was considered significant. Results The laryngeal view was improved with M and B when compared with C (P &lt; 0.05 by both rating and Cormack-Lehane evaluation). BM was the most effective method to visualize the laryngeal aperture (P &lt; 0.05, vs. B and M by rating evaluation), whereas B and M were the second and the third most effective methods, respectively. No statistical difference was observed between B and M with the Cormack-Lehane classification. Conclusion Mandibular advancement improves the laryngeal view during direct laryngoscopy performed by inexperienced physicians.
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YOUSUF, S., U. FAROOQ, MM BUTT, MA MUSHTAQ, T. MAHMOOD, and AR ALAMGIR. "ACCURACY OF MALLAMPATTI SCORE IN COMPARISON TO CORMACK-LEHANE GRADING FOR DIFFICULT AIRWAY PREDICTION." Biological and Clinical Sciences Research Journal 2023, no. 1 (2023): 430. http://dx.doi.org/10.54112/bcsrj.v2023i1.430.
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This study aimed to determine the accuracy of the Mallampati score in predicting difficult intubation, with direct laryngoscopy being the gold standard. Using a quasi-experimental design, the study was conducted at the Department of Anesthesia, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital Lahore, between June 1 to December 31, 2018. A total of 247 patients who met the selection criteria were enrolled, and their Mallampati score and direct laryngoscopy were assessed to predict difficult intubation. The data was recorded on a proforma and analyzed using SPSS version 21. A 2x2 table was generated to calculate the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and diagnostic accuracy of the Mallampati score. The mean age of the patients was 38.57±10.14 years, with 41 (16.6%) males and 206 (83.4%) females. The mean BMI of the patients was 27.60±5.90 kg/m2. The results showed that the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and diagnostic accuracy of the Mallampatti score in predicting difficult intubation were 52%, 81.1%, 23.6%, 93.8%, and 78.1%, respectively. These findings suggest that the Mallampatti classification is inaccurate enough to predict difficult intubation in general anesthesia patients.
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Roh, Jong-Lyel, and Yong-Won Lee. "Prediction of Difficult Laryngeal Exposure in Patients Undergoing Microlaryngosurgery." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 114, no. 8 (2005): 614–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348940511400806.
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Objectives: Although difficult laryngeal exposure (DLE) is a common problem encountered during microlaryngosurgery, reliable predictors of DLE and grading systems of laryngeal exposure have been scarcely suggested in the field of laryngology. We propose a new classification of laryngeal exposure focusing on the extent of glottic visualization. Methods: We investigated physical parameters that could predict DLE; 73 patients underwent a physical examination including 15 parameters. During endotracheal intubation and suspension laryngoscopy, Cormack-Lehane and laryngeal exposure scores were obtained for each patient and compared with the parameters. Results: The patients' ages ranged from 23 to 77 years. The laryngeal exposure score was correlated with the Cormack-Lehane score (p < .001, r = 0.469). Of all parameters, body mass index, neck circumference, thyroid-mental distance, and horizontal thyroid-mental distance showed significant correlation with the laryngeal exposure score (p < .05). From analysis of the candidate parameters in 13 patients with DLE and the non-DLE group, we found that the cutoff values for predicting DLE were a body mass index of >25.0 kg/m2, a neck circumference of >39.5 cm, a thyroid-mental distance of <5.5 cm, and a horizontal thyroid-mental distance of <4.0 cm. Conclusions: According to the proposed classification of laryngeal exposure, patients with obesity, a muscular neck, or retrognathia are likely to present DLE, and preoperative measurement of the predictors may be useful in preparing for microlaryngosurgery.
Book chapters on the topic "Cormack-Lehane score"
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Boedeker Ben H., Berg Benjamin W., Bernhagen Mary, and Murray W. Bosseau. "Endotracheal Intubation in a Medical Transport Helicopter – Comparing Direct Laryngoscopy with the Prototype Storz CMAC." In Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. IOS Press, 2009. https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-58603-964-6-40.
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This pilot study examined backward intubation of the Laerdal Difficult Airway Manikin in a medical transport helicopter using the prototype (a new more compact) Storz CMAC videolaryngoscope. The standard manikin airway Cormack Lehane (CL) view scores were 2.00 &plusmn; 1.00 for direct view and 1.375 &plusmn; 0.517 for the indirect view (CMAC). Success rates for backward intubation in the standard airway were 100% (CMAC) and 87.5% (DV). Average CL grades in the difficult airway were 3.63 &plusmn; 0.74 (DV) and 2.00 &plusmn; 0.926 (CMAC)(p = 0.002). The success rates for backward intubation of the difficult airway were 12.5% (DV) and 63% (CMAC). Our results show that in backward intubation of the difficult airway in a helicopter setting, the prototype CMAC videolaryngoscope significantly improved the airway score by 1-2 grades and improved intubation success 5-fold. Studies using the portable CMAC videolaryngoscope under challenging rescue conditions and positions should be considered.
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Magee, Patrick, and Mark Tooley. "Aids to Intubation." In The Physics, Clinical Measurement and Equipment of Anaesthetic Practice for the FRCA. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199595150.003.0028.
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This device was invented by Sir Ivan Magill and Sir Robert Macintosh to visualise the vocal cords to aid intubation. The curved blade of the Macintosh laryngoscope is still popular as the standard and its design has been reshaped in recent years to reduce the biomechanical forces on the teeth [Bucx et al. 1997, Bucx et al. 1994]. The straight blade of the Magill laryngoscope can make the view easier under some circumstances, as do modern variants [Henderson 1997]. The handle has a battery and a light source in it, and the light is transmitted by a fibre optic cable to the tip of the blade, which is usually at right angles to the handle. There are many different shaped blades to suit different circumstances, particularly to visualise the anatomically different airway of the neonate. Other variants to aid difficult intubations include the Polio laryngoscope, in which the angle between the handle and the blade is an obtuse one and the McCoy laryngoscope, which has a lever to manipulate the tip of the laryngoscope blade to improve the view of the vocal cords [McCoy et al. 1993]; some of these devices are shown in Figure 24.1. In recent years a new range of laryngoscopes has been introduced with fibre optic systems that allow indirect visualisation of the vocal cords via an eyepiece or a small video screen. These devices clearly improve access to the airway where there would otherwise be a laryngoscopic view with a high Cormack-Lehane score. They currently include the McGrath [Ray et al. 2009], the Glidescope, the Airtraq [Lange et al. 2009] (shown in Figures 24.2(a) and (b)), the C-MAC [McElwain et al. 2010 and others] and testing to date has been on manikins. As with all new devices, their efficacy depends on the skill of the user; one study has demonstrated greater skill with the familiar Macintosh laryngoscope than with the newer ones [Powell et al. 2009]. With the emergence of Jakob–Creutzfeldt disease and the recognition of the infectious risk of prions from tonsillar tissue on laryngoscope blades, a range of disposable paediatric blades has been produced, with variable quality of mechanical flexibility and light quality [Goodwin et al. 2006].
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Boedeker Ben H., Berg Benjamin W., Bernhagen Mary A., and Murray W. Bosseau. "Endotracheal Intubation Comparing a Prototype Storz CMAC and a GlideScope Videolaryngoscope in a Medical Transport Helicopter – A Pilot Study." In Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. IOS Press, 2009. https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-58603-964-6-37.
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In this pilot study, experienced medical helicopter personnel evaluated and compared the prototype Storz CMAC and GlideScope (GS) videolaryngoscopes in intubating a Laerdal Difficult Airway Manikin in a helicopter. No significant differences were found between the devices in the standard airway mode with 100% success rates for the intubations. In the difficult airway mode, there was a significant difference (p = 0.03) between the Cormack Lehane scores observed with Direct View (DV) (3.75 &plusmn; 0.46 &ndash; average &plusmn; standard deviation) compared to the view with the prototype CMAC (2.25 &plusmn; 0.71). The view was 3.00 &plusmn; 0.76 with GS In the difficult airway, there were significantly more participants who obtained a Grade 1 or 2 view when using the CMAC compared to when using the Mac 3 blade (DV) (p = 0.025; Fisher Exact Probability Test). The success rate for intubating the difficult airway was 0% with DV; compared to 63% with the CMAC and 50% with the GS (p = 0.03). The participants answered a post study questionnaire regarding the characteristics of the devices and indicated preference for the CMAC over the GS in intubation of the difficult airway.