Relevant bibliographies by topics / Corn – Breeding

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Corn – Breeding'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Corn – Breeding"

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Brewbaker, James L., and Chifume Nagai. "BREEDING TROPICAL SUPERSWEET CORN." HortScience 27, no. 6 (June 1992): 645e—645. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.6.645e.

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“Waimanalo Supersweet” will be released at the time of the 1992 ASHS meeting in Hawaii. A singlecross supersweet corn based on the brittle gene, “Waimanalo Supersweet” represents over 50 generations of inbreeding and backcrossing in Hawaii. Successive projects involved the development of sugary inbreds and their conversion to Mv. Ht. Rp-d and brittle genes. The inbred parents have very limited temperate germplasm and are relatively daylength sensitive. This single cross hybrid and its related 3X (“Hawaiian Supesweet #10”) and OP variety (“Hawaiian Supersweet #9”) show tolerance to Puccinia sorghi rust and Fusarium Moniliforme kernel rot greatly in excess of commercial sweet corns to which they have been compared, and they have performed capably throughout the tropics. Available data on pest tolerance, growth and quality will be summarized.
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Daniel, L., I. Bajtay, and I. Gulyásné. "QUALITY BREEDING IN SWEET CORN." Acta Horticulturae, no. 220 (January 1988): 143–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1988.220.20.

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Russell, W. Ken, and Leah Sandall. "Corn Breeding: Types of Cultivars." Journal of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Education 35, no. 1 (January 2006): 242. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jnrlse2006.0242.

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Russell, W. Ken, and Leah Sandall. "Corn Breeding: Lessons from the Past." Journal of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Education 34, no. 1 (2005): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jnrlse.2005.0127a.

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Davis, David W., Elizabeth M. Lamb, and Mary S. Joyce. "BREEDING FOR RESISTANCE TO EUROPEAN CORN BORER IN SWEET CORN." HortScience 25, no. 9 (September 1990): 1178c—1178. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1178c.

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Insect resistance in vegetable crops carries a new urgency as insecticide availability and usage become more restricted. The European corn borer (ECB) long has been the most costly sweet corn pest in the northern states, with corn earworm (CEW) and southwestern stalk borer most serious farther south. Resistance to ECB and CEW, as developed by classical methods, will be discussed. Newer methods (such as RFLPs) should speed transfer of this resistance to commercial stocks, and also facilitate transfer of resistance from other species. Gene modification and endophyte exploitation are longer-term possibilities. Resistance must be free from association with undesirable traits, such as long silk channel length (r = 0.3 to 0.4), unless consumer and processor specifications change.
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O'Leary, N., and M. E. Smith. "Breeding corn for adaptation to two diverse intercropping companions." American Journal of Alternative Agriculture 14, no. 4 (December 1999): 158–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0889189300008328.

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AbstractIntercropping is an agricultural system widely practiced in the tropics and becoming more widespread in temperate regions. The vast majority of varieties currently grown in intercrop have been developed in and for monoculture, although some breeding programs specifically focused on intercrop systems have been initiated. It is not clear if selection in monoculture is adequate to identify varieties adapted to intercrop, nor is it clear if varieties selected for intercrop performance with one companion will be adapted to another crop combination. The aims of this study were to determine the extent to which selection of corn in monoculture would identify types adapted to growth in corn—bean or corn—clover intercrop, and to determine how selection in one of the intercrops (corn—bean or corn—clover) would compare with selection in the other. The corn used consisted of two groups that had been selected in monoculture, and two that had been selected in corn—bean intercrop. All groups were evaluated in monoculture, corn-bean intercrop, and corn—clover intercrop. Analysis of variance showed that the ranking of the four selection groups was not significantly different when the two intercrops were compared, but was significantly different (P < 0.05 for comparison of clover intercrop and monoculture, and P = 0.07 for comparison of bean intercrop and monoculture) when either of the two intercrops was compared with monoculture. Correlation analysis of corn traits and corn yield in the three cropping systems revealed more similarities between the intercrops than between either intercrop and monoculture. Plant height and leaf area index were more strongly negatively correlated with days to flower in both intercrops than in monoculture. Correlation analysis also revealed some differences between the intercrops, particularly with bean and clover yields. Clover yields were not adversely affected by early growth and maturity of corn, but bean yields were. We conclude that selection of corn in monoculture is not ideal when lines adapted to cornclover intercrop or corn—bean intercrop are desired. Furthermore, selection in either intercrop will identify corn types adapted to the other, as early vigor and maturity allow best corn performance in both crop combinations. Thus, individualized breeding programs may not be required to adapt a crop to growth in association with relatively different companions.
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Davydova, S. A., and M. E. Chaplygin. "Technical Equipment of Corn Breeding and Seed Production." Agricultural Machinery and Technologies 14, no. 3 (September 25, 2020): 66–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.22314/2073-7599-2020-14-3-66-74.

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The development of the subprogram “Maize Breeding and Seed Production Development” within the framework of the Federal Scientific and Technical Program for the Development of Agriculture for 2017–2025 determines the necessity for intensive technical equipping of the industry with specialized domestic breeding equipment.(Research purpose) To analyze the technical level of devices for the work mechanization in maize selection, variety testing and primary seed production, to identify the main directions of agricultural machinery development.(Materials and methods) The authors studied materials published in periodicals, statistics of the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia and the Federal State Statistics Service, information materials of Russian and foreign companies, the regulatory framework. They used methods of complex structural-dynamic analysis and an expert-analytical method of processing information.(Results and discussion) The authors established the presence of domestic selection and seed production import dependence on foreign equipment supplies: with equipping of breeding institutions with mechanization facilities about 50 percent the foreign machinery and equipment share reached 70 percent. They identified the main problems in the corn selection and seed production mechanization. The first problem was the lack of domestic seeders for sowing at the first stage of selection, having the following parameters: traction class – 0.2; row spacing – up to 0.7 meters, the sowing sections number – 1 and 2; the distance between the coulters is 0.7 meters. The second problem was the domestic seeders for sowing shortage at the second stage of selection with the required parameters: traction class – 0.6; 1.4; 2.0; row spacing – 0.7 meters; the sowing sections number – 4 and 6; distance between extreme openers – 2.1; 3.5 meters. The third problem was the lack of domestic harvesting equipment that met the requirements: row spacing – 0.7 meters; working width – 1.4 and 2.8 meters; width – 1.8 or 3.2 meters; turning radius – 7.5 meters.(Conclusions) The technical level of devices for the work mechanization in selection, variety testing and maize primary seed production didn’t meet the parameters of an integrated approach in the justification and specialized equipment development. The authors noted the necesity to develop the following domestic technical means: sowing machines for sowing nurseries of the first stage; markers; small-sized sprayers; two-row mover-shredder of corn male parent plants.
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Russell, W. Ken, and Leah Sandall. "Corn Breeding: Introduction to Concepts in Quantitative Genetics." Journal of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Education 35, no. 1 (January 2006): 243. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jnrlse2006.0243.

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Blaustein, Andrew R., Terry L. Root, Joseph M. Kiesecker, Lisa K. Belden, Deanna H. Olson, and David M. Green. "Amphibian Breeding and Climate Change: Reply to Corn." Conservation Biology 17, no. 2 (April 2003): 626–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.2003.02506.x.

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Bódi, Zoltán, and Pál Pepó. "Possibilities of selection and production of blue and ornamental corn (Zea mays L.)." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 23 (May 23, 2006): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/23/3200.

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The cultivation of alternative crops has an important role in world agriculture. Their market share is continuously growing in the food industry sector. In the present study, we show the cultivation and breeding perspectives of ornamental and blue corn. There exists possibility to cultivate ornamental corn in Hungary. There are many cultivars of ornamental corn, with various kernel colors, husks, stalks and leave colors. Blue corn is unique among other corns. Blue corn higher in protein, iron and zinc than commercial dent corn. Pests affective ornamental and blue corn are the same as those of other commercial corns. Ornamental and blue corns need to be grown a minimum of 500 m away from commercial yellow dent corn to minimize any cross pollination which may result in off-color kernel. Our aim in the presentation of this review was to broaden Hungarian literature.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Corn – Breeding"

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Jumbo, McDonald Bright. "Comparison of conventional, modified single seed descent, and doubled haploid breeding methods for maize inbred line development using GEM breeding crosses." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 118 p, 2010. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1992441961&sid=6&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Azar, Christian. "Characterization of white floury corn (Zea mays L.) landraces of Ontario." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23867.

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Data were collected on 24 traits to characterize and classify 35 white floury corn (Zea mays L.) landraces collected on native reserves in Ontario. Several landrace x landrace and landrace x inbred crosses were evaluated. Test crosses were made to determine whether the landraces carry the floury-l (fl$ sb1$) allele. Most traits examined exhibited considerable variation among the landraces. Variation was also observed within many of the landraces for ear and cob colour, for endosperm texture and row number. The landraces were grouped into 10 clusters by centroid clustering analysis. Significant heterosis over the mid-parent value was observed in the crosses among landraces. Some crosses between landraces and inbreds yielded more than either parent. Crossing the landraces with the inbreds improved some agronomic characteristics, but disrupted some of the ear characteristics of the landraces. The floury factor responsible for the characteristic endosperm texture of the IAPO landraces was identified as being the dosage dependent fl$ sb1$.
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Sharma, Santosh. "Increasing the Genetic Diversity of U.S. Northern Corn Belt Hybrids with Tropical and Temperate Exotic Germplasm." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2011. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/29319.

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The NDSU EarlyGEM or the Early Germplasm Enhancement of Maize (Zea maize L.) is a long term incorporation program designed to increase the genetic diversity of short season hybrids. Starting in 1999, exotic GEM breeding crosses derived from temperate accessions: BR52051, CH05015; tropical accessions: SCR01, CUBA17, FS8B; and tropical hybrid DKB844 along with late checks: B73, Mo17, and Iowa Stiff Stalk Synthetic (BSSS), were adapted to short-seasons and incorporated via a modified backcross (BC) procedure. This study was designed to assess the genetic diversity in exotic derived BC1:S1 lines and their competitive potential as sources of new and unique hybrids. Useful genetic diversity was evaluated with testers belonging to opposite heterotic groups, LH176 representing a non stiff stalk and TR3026 x TR2040 a stiff stalk testers and were tested in five North Dakota environments over two years (2009 and 2010). All the traits showed highly significant (P<0.01) differences across genotypes except root and stalk lodging. Among 236 experimental testcrosses, 64 were statistically not different (LSD, 0.05) to industry hybrids for grain yield. BC derived lines from BR52051, CHO5015, DKB844 showed diverse alleles for low grain moisture (below 87 relative maturity days) at harvest and high grain yield. SCR01, BR52051, CHO5015 and CUBA117 derived lines produced hybrids with high grain oil (4. 9% vs. 4.1%) and grain protein (10.4% vs. 9.1%) contents compared to top checks. The results showed that the exotic incorporations are the sources of unique new alleles for early maturing maize not present in existing US germplasms (e.g. B73, Mo17, and BSSS). Even though each exotic cross was unique to integrate diverse alleles, utilizing multiple unique exotic crosses for incorporation showed large variation for specific traits. Phenotypic correlations of traits showed grain moisture played the most important role for short season hybrid development. Exotic incorporation through NDSU EarlyGEM has shown a new way of breeding early maturing maize keeping the breeding program open and genetic diversity high.
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Spaner, Dean Michael. "Maize (Zea mays L.) production in Trinidad & Tobago : development, agronomic, and breeding perspectives." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=40447.

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Increasing maize production in Trinidad & Tobago could reduce imports and lessen dependency on foreign markets for food and feed. A review of large maize development projects and a survey of maize farmers on small landholdings indicated that mechanized production of maize grain is technically and economically impractical. Maize is normally grown and harvested in the green immature stage by small-scale farmers as a fast, easy, and relatively profitable sideline vegetable crop. An imported hybrid and an improved local landrace (ICTA Farm Corn) yielded more green maize than a Mexican-bred locally-distributed variety, following early (June) rainy season plantings. Hybrid and local unimproved open-pollinated maize were grown with two levels of weed control and with two levels of fertilizer application following late (November) rainy season plantings. For commercial carnival season production of green maize on productive soils in Trinidad, the purchase of imported hybrid seed is economically justifiable, but high inputs into weed control and fertility management may not be needed. A consumer preference study of the main varietal types eaten as boiled ears indicated panelists could not discern differences when seasoned with Creole seasoning, but preferred yellow, large-eared varieties when not seasoned. In a series of 11 variety trials on Inceptisolic and Ultasolic soils in Trinidad, imported hybrids and ICTA Farm Corn consistently yielded greater than 9 other varieties. Grid mass selection for ear weight and ear size was carried out in ICTA Farm Corn. Green maize ear length (1.9% cycle$ sp{-1}$), width (1.5% cycle$ sp {-1}$), and ear weight (2.4% cycle$ sp{-1}$) increased linearly with selection, leading to increases in green marketable (4.4% cycle$ sp{-1}$), green total (3.0% cycle$ sp{-1}$), and grain yield ha$ sp{-1}$ (4.3% cycle$ sp{-1}$). Phenotypic correlations indicated high levels of association between grain yield and both green marketable ear weight (r = 0.91
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Bello, Halima Thelma. "Phenotypic and genotypic evaluation of generations and recombinant inbred lines for response to aflatoxin." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1359.

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Camochena, Rubia Cristiani. "Reação de genótipos de milho à mancha ocular e caracterização do agente causal." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2009. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/270.

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A investigação da mancha ocular do milho foi baseada no seu agente causal e na elaboração de uma escala diagramática da doença que auxiliou na avaliação da sensibilidade dos genótipos de milho, correlacionada com a resposta de defesas bioquímicas da planta. Na primeira etapa do trabalho, 35 isolados de Kabatiella zeae, de diferentes materiais genéticos de milho, foram avaliados quanto à coloração e aspecto das colônias e mensuração dos esporos do fungo em BSA. Os meios de cultura utilizados foram BSA (batata, sacarose e ágar), MA (malte e ágar), AvA (aveia e ágar) e FA (fubá de milho e ágar). Discos de 5 mm de diâmetro, foram colocadas no centro das placas contendo os respectivos meios de cultura. As placas foram incubadas a 24° C com fotoperíodo de 12 horas , por 10 dias. As características das colônias e mensuração dos conídios foram avaliadas em BSA, e o crescimento radial, nos quatro meios. Houve diferença entre todos os isolados em relação aos meios de cultura. Observou-se que a dimensão dos esporos variou de 3- 4 x 27-33 μm, de largura e comprimento, respectivamente, e que 80% dos isolados apresentaram coloração clara (rosa) e aspecto coreáceo e enrugado, e o maior crescimento micelial foi observado no meio BSA. A escala diagramática foi desenvolvida coletando-se 110 folhas doentes, aleatoriamente no campo, eliminando-se 20 cm da extremidade, sendo utilizados os 20 cm seguintes. Foi mensurada a área foliar e área das lesões para determinação dos limites de severidade mínima e máxima da doença, e os níveis intermediários calculados matematicamente. Os níveis de severidade observados em campo seguiram incrementos logarítmicos, representando: 0,9; 2,0; 4,0; 9,0; 18,0; 32,0 e 51,0% da área foliar lesionada. A validação da escala consistiu-se em duas etapas: na primeira, 10 avaliadores, com experiência na avaliação de doenças em plantas, avaliaram 30 folhas com diferentes níveis de severidade, com e sem o uso da escala diagramática. Na segunda etapa, outros 10 avaliadores, sem experiência, fizeram as mesmas avaliações, com e sem uso da escala diagramática. Por meio de regressão linear, foram confrontados valores de severidade reais e estimados, sendo analisadas a acurácia e a precisão dos avaliadores. Constatou-se melhora na acurácia e na precisão das estimativas visuais efetuadas com o auxílio da escala diagramática. A reação de genótipos de milho à mancha ocular foi avaliada no município de Pato Branco-PR na safra 2006/2007, com 33 híbridos e na safra 2007/2008, com 10 híbridos em duas épocas de semeadura e no município de Palma Sola-SC, na safra 2007/2008 com 8 híbridos. Os híbridos AG 9020 e SPRINT apresentaram maior suscetibilidade à doença, em relação à AS 1565 e DKB 234, repetindo este comportamento nos dois locais e épocas de cultivo. A enzima peroxidase foi observada em maior concentração nas folhas dos híbridos de milho com menor severidade de mancha ocular.
This investigation on corn eyespot was based on its causal agent and on the preparation of a diagrammatic scale that helped evaluate the reaction of corn genotypes, in correlation with the response obtained from the plant’s biochemical defenses. In the first step of the study, 35 Kabatiella zeae isolates from different corn genetic materials had their colonies evaluated for color and aspect, and their spores measured in PSA medium. The following culture media were used: PSA (potato, sucrose, agar), MA (malt and agar), OA (oat and agar) and CA (corn flour and agar). Disks (5 mm in diameter) were placed in the center of Petri dishes containing the respective culture media. The dishes were incubated at 24°C and a 12-hour photoperiod for 10 days. Colony traits and conidia measurements were evaluated in PSA, while radial growth was evaluated in the four media. There were differences between all isolates with regard to the culture media. Spore size varied from 3-4 × 27-33 μm in width and length, respectively, and 80% of the isolates had a light color (pink) and a coriaceous and wrinkled aspect; the highest mycelial growth was observed in the PSA medium. A diagrammatic scale was developed by randomly collecting 110 diseased leaves in the field, discarding 20 cm from the leaf tip, and using the next 20 cm. Measurements were made for leaf area and the area containing lesions in order to determine minimum and maximum severity limits of the disease; intermediate levels were calculated mathematically. The severity levels observed in the field followed logarithmic increases, representing: 0.9; 2.0; 4.0; 9.0; 18.0; 32.0; and 51.0% of leaf area with lesions. Scale validation consisted of two steps: in the first, 10 evaluators experienced in plant disease evaluations assessed 30 leaves with different severity levels, both using and not using the diagrammatic scale. In the second step, another 10 naive (without experience) evaluators performed the same evaluations, both using and not using the diagrammatic scale. Actual and estimated severity values were compared by linear regression, and evaluator accuracy and precision were analyzed. Better accuracy and precision were obtained for visual estimates made with the diagrammatic scale. The reaction of corn genotypes to eyespot was evaluated in the city of Pato Branco-PR during the 2006/2007 growing season using 33 hybrids, and during the 2007/2008 growing season using 10 hybrids at two distinct sowing seasons, and in the city of Palma Sola-SC during the 2007/2008 growing season with 8 hybrids. Hybrids AG 9020 and SPRINT were the most susceptible to the disease in relation to AS 1565 and DKB 234; this behavior was observed in both years and planting seasons. The peroxidase enzyme was observed at higher concentrations in leaves of corn hybrids with the lowest eyespot severity.
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Shepherd, Michael. "Some aspects of the breeding biology of the corn bunting Miliaria calandra." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.315092.

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Liu, Aiguo 1949. "Mycorrhizal symbiosis and nutrient uptake in new maize hybrids with contrasting phenotypes as influenced by soil phosphorus level." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=36820.

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Development and functioning of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis in the soil-plant system are required in sustainable agriculture. AM development of maize genotypes and uptake of nutrients as influenced by soil P levels were studied. Several experiments were conducted both in the greenhouse and in the field.
In greenhouse trials, pasteurized substrates were inoculated with Glomus intraradices as mycorrhizal treatments. Mycorrhizal development varied widely among maize hybrids and inbreds. Leafy normal stature (LNS) had the highest root colonization and shoot:root ratio and was the most responsive to AM fungi. Mycorrhizal development was generally reduced at high soil P and micronutrient levels. The percentage of root colonization was correlated with the ratio of plant tissue N/P only when soil N level was intermediate. Mycorrhizal plants increased uptake of Zn and Cu only at low P and low micronutrient levels, but decreased Mn uptake at higher micronutrient level.
In field trials, soil fumigation was used to eliminate AM fungi in control plots. Again LNS was most responsive to indigenous AM fungi, closely followed by Non-leafy normal stature (NLNS). Mycorrhizae increased uptake of K, Ca and Mg only when these nutrients and available P were low in soil. Correlations between extraradicular hyphae and plant concentrations of K, Ca and Mg suggested that uptake of K was more dependent on extraradicular hyphae than uptake of Ca and Mg. Total P uptake was higher in plots where the AM symbiosis was not repressed, but soil available P was not always reduced.
There is potential for development of mycorrhiza efficient maize hybrids performing well under low input management in sustainable agriculture.
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Ball, Dale Warren. "Combining ability, protein, heterosis, and prediction of F₁ performance with RFLPs in a diallel of maize." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37452.

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Improving protein quality and identifying superior inbreds and hybrids are significant challenges in commercial maize breeding programs. These two problems were addressed in separate studies on inbreds and hybrids from a complete diallel cross of 12 elite proprietary inbred lines of maize evaluated in field trials in two locations for two years. One of the inbreds (WI) was a novel source of high quality protein obtained from Wilson Seeds, Inc. in Harlan, Iowa. In the first study, diallel analyses were used to study combining ability and types of gene action important in the inheritance of protein content, grain yield, grain moisture at harvest, time to silk, kernel hardness, and density. General combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) effects were highly significant for all traits indicating presence of both additive and non-additive effects, respectively. Reciprocal effects (REe), often assumed to be absent in maize diallel studies, were significant for grain yield and protein concentration, suggesting that choice of female parent may be important for these traits. Ratios expressing the relative importance of GCA and SCA indicated that protein concentration is controlled primarily by additive gene action. In the second study, restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) data were obtained for the 12 inbreds using 42 genomic clones each with four restriction enzymes. Modified Roger's distances were calculated and used in cluster analyses for heterotic grouping of the inbreds. Two measures of level of heterozygosity and hybrid value were evaluated as means of predicting Fl performance of hybrids in the complete diallel set of hybrids and in groups of hybrids representing crosses between and within heterotic groups. Results from this study confirm those of previous investigations with respect to prediction of hybrid performance when comparable groupings of crosses between related and unrelated lines were evaluated. This study further indicates that RFLPs may also be useful for prediction of hybrid performance in situations typical of early generations of many maize breeding programs where recombinant inbreds are testcrossed to a common tester inbred.
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Pfunde, Cleopatra Nyaradzo. "Parent characterization of quality protein maize (Zea mays L.) and combining ability for tolerance to drought stress." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1007536.

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Quality protein maize (QPM) has enhanced levels of two essential amino acids, lysine and tryptophan compared to normal maize. This makes QPM an important cereal crop in communities where maize is a staple crop. The main abiotic factor to QPM production is drought stress. Little information is available on the effect of drought stress on QPM. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to: (i) conduct diversity analysis of QPM inbred lines using morpho-agronomic and simple sequence repeat markers, (ii) screen available QPM inbred lines and F1 progeny for tolerance to seedling drought stress, (iii) determine the combining ability and type of gene action of QPM inbred lines for tolerance to seedling drought stress, grain yield and endosperm modification. The study was conducted in South Africa, at the University of Fort Hare. Morphological characterisation of 21 inbred lines was done using quantitative and qualitative traits. A randomised complete block design with three replicates was used for characterizing the inbred lines in the field. Genstat statistical software, version 12 (Genstat ®, 2009) was used for analysis of variance (ANOVA) and descriptive statistics. Analysis of variance was performed on all quantitative data for morphological traits. Data for qualitative traits was tabulated in their nominal classes. Traits that contributed most to the variation were days to anthesis, days to silking, anthesis-silking interval, plant height, number of kernel rows, ear length and grain yield. Cluster analysis grouped the inbred lines into three main clusters. The first cluster was characterised by tall and average yielding lines, while the second cluster showed the least anthesis-silking interval, and had the highest yield. Cluster three consisted of lines that were early maturing, but were the least yielding. Genetic distances between maize inbred lines were quantified by using 27 simple sequence repeat markers. The genetic distances between genotypes was computed using Roger’s (1972) genetic distances. Cluster analysis was then carried out using the neighbour-joining tree method using Power Marker software version 3.25. A dendrogram generated from the genetic study of the inbred lines revealed three groups that concurred with expectations based upon pedigree data. These groups were not identical to the groups generated using morpho-agronomic characterisation. Twenty one QPM inbred lines were crossed using a North Carolina design II mating scheme. These were divided into seven sets, each with three inbred lines. The three inbred lines in one set were used as females and crossed with three inbred lines in another set consisting of males. Each inbred line was used as a female in one set, and as a male in a second set. Sixty three hybrids (7 sets x 9 hybrids) were formed and evaluated in October 2011, using a 6x8 alpha-lattice incomplete block design with three replicates under glasshouse and optimum field conditions. A randomised complete block design with three replicates was used for the 21 parental inbred lines. Traits recorded for the glasshouse study were, canopy temperature, chlorophyll content, leaf roll, stem diameter, plant height, leaf number, leaf area, fresh and dry root and shoot weights. Data for the various traits for each environment, 25 percent (stress treatment) and 75 percent (non-stress) of field capacity, were subjected to analysis of variance using the unbalanced treatment design in Genstat statistical package Edition 12. Where varietal differences were found, means were separated using Tukey’s test. Genetic analyses for grain yield and agronomic traits were performed using a fixed effects model in JMP 10 following Residual Maximum Likelihood procedure (REML). From the results, inbred lines that were not previously classified into heterotic groups and drought tolerance categories were classified based on their total dry weight performance and drought susceptibility index. Inbred lines L18, L9, L8, L6 and L3, in order of their drought tolerance index were the best performers under greenhouse conditions and could be recommended for breeding new varieties that are tolerant to seedling drought stress. Evaluation of maize seedlings tolerant to drought stress under glasshouse conditions revealed that cross combination L18 x L11 was drought tolerant, while cross L20 x L7 was susceptible. Total dry weight was used as the major criteria for classifying F1 maize seedlings as being resistant or susceptible. General combining ability effects accounted for 67.43 percent of the genetic variation for total dry weight, while specific combining ability effects contributed 37.57 percent. This indicated that additive gene effects were more important than non-additive gene action in controlling this trait. In the field study (non-drought), the experimental design was a 6x8 alpha lattice incomplete block design with three replicates. On an adjacent field a randomised complete block design with three replicates was used to evaluate the parental inbred lines. The following variables were recorded: plant height, ear height, ears per plant, endosperm modification, days to silking and days to anthesis, anthesis-silking interval, number of kernels per row, number of rows per ear and grain yield. General analyses for the incomplete lattice block design and randomised complete block design for hybrid and inbred data respectively were performed using JMP 10 statistical software. Means were separated using the Tukey's test. Genetic analyses of data for grain yield and agronomic traits were conducted using a fixed effects model using REML in JMP 10. The importance of both GCA (51 percent) and SCA (49 percent) was observed for grain yield. A preponderance of GCA existed for ear height, days to anthesis, anthesis-silking interval, ears per plant and number of kernels per row, indicating that predominantly, additive gene effects controlled hybrid performance under optimum field conditions. The highest heritability was observed for days to silking (48.27 percent) suggesting that yield could be improved through selection for this trait. Under field conditions, variation in time to maturity was observed. This implies that these inbred lines can be recommended for utilisation in different agro-ecologies. Early maturing lines such as L18 can be used to introduce earliness in local cultivars, while early maturing single crosses such as L18 x L2, L5 x L9, L3 x L4 and L2 x L21 could be recommended for maize growers in drought prone areas such as the former Ciskei. Single crosses L18xL11, L16xL18, L8xL21 and L9xL6 had good tolerance to seedling drought stress. On the other hand, single crosses L18xL11 and L11xL13 had high grain yield and good endosperm modification. All these single crosses could be recommended for commercial production after evaluation across locations in the Eastern Cape Province. Alternatively they can be crossed with other superior inbreds to generate three or four way hybrids, which could then be evaluated for potential use by farmers in the Eastern Cape.
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Books on the topic "Corn – Breeding"

1

McEachern, Michael J. Keeping and breeding corn snakes. Lakeside, CA, USA: Advanced Vivarium Systems, 1991.

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Chuiṅʻ, Thvanʻʺ. Proṅʻʺ phūʺ cuikʻ pyuiʺ reʺ. [Rangoon]: Mranʻ mā nuiṅʻ ṅaṃ Cuikʻ pyuiʺ reʺ Sacʻ to, Mveʺ mru reʺ nhaṅʻʹ Re lupʻ ṅanʻʺ Paññā rhaṅʻ ʼAphvaiʹ nhaṅʻʹ Layʻ yā cuikʻ pyuiʺ reʺ nhaṅʻʹ Chaññʻ mroṅʻʺ vanʻ krīʺ Thāna, Mranʻ māʹ cuikʻ pyuiʺ reʺ lupʻ ṅanʻʺ tuiʹ pūʺ poṅʻʺ r* thutʻ ve saññʻ, 2002.

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Beijing Shi nong lin ke xue yuan. Yu mi yan jiu zhong xin, ed. Yu mi yan jiu wen ji: Beijing Shi nong lin ke xue yuan yu mi yan jiu zhong xin cheng li shi zhou nian lun wen xuan bian. Beijing Shi: Zhongguo nong ye ke xue ji shu chu ban she, 2007.

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The business of breeding: Hybrid corn in Illinois, 1890-1940. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1990.

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Fitzgerald, Deborah Kay. The business of breeding: Hybrid corn in Illinois, 1890-1940. Ann Arbor, Mich: UMI, 1987.

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Miranda Filho, J. B., 1945-, ed. Quantitative genetics in maize breeding. 2nd ed. Ames: Iowa State University Press, 1988.

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Wallace, Henry Agard. Corn and its early fathers. Ames: Iowa State University Press, 1988.

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Friis-Hansen, Esbern. Seeds of wealth, seeds of risk?: The vulnerability of hybrid maize production in the southern highlands of Tanzania. Copenhagen, Denmark: Centre for Development Research, 1988.

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Friis-Hansen, Esbern. Seeds of wealth, seeds of risk?: The vulnerability of hybrid maize production in the southern highlands of Tanzania. Copenhagen: Center for Udviklingsforskning, 1988.

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Gerpacio, Roberta V. Impact of public-and private-sector maize breeding research in Asia, 1966-1997/98. Mexico, D.F: CIMMYT, 2001.

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Book chapters on the topic "Corn – Breeding"

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Hallauer, A. R., Wilbert A. Russell, and K. R. Lamkey. "Corn Breeding." In Agronomy Monographs, 463–564. Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronmonogr18.3ed.c8.

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Poehlman, John Milton. "Breeding Corn (Maize)." In Breeding Field Crops, 451–507. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-7271-2_18.

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Smith, L. H. "Ten Generations of Corn Breeding." In Seventy Generations of Selection for Oil and Protein in Maize, 65–94. Madison, WI, USA: Crop Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/1974.seventygenerations.c3.

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Russell, W. A. "Dedication: George F. Sprague Corn Breeder and Geneticist." In Plant Breeding Reviews, xi—11. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118060995.ch1.

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Boyer, C. D., and J. C. Shannon. "The Use of Endosperm Genes for Sweet Corn Improvement." In Plant Breeding Reviews, 139–61. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118060988.ch5.

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Tracy, William F. "History, Genetics, and Breeding of Supersweet(shrunken2)Sweet Corn." In Plant Breeding Reviews, 189–236. Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470650073.ch7.

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Troyer, A. Forrest. "Champaign County, Illinois, and the Origin of Hybrid Corn." In Plant Breeding Reviews, 41–59. Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470650240.ch3.

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Dudley, J. W., and R. J. Lambert. "100 Generations of Selection for Oil and Protein in Corn." In Plant Breeding Reviews, 79–110. Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470650240.ch5.

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Hawk, J. A., and M. E. Smith. "The Role of Corn Breeding in Future Northeastern Crop Production." In Agricultural Research in the Northeastern United States: Critical Review and Future Perspectives, 81–93. Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/1993.agriculturalresearchinnortheastern.c10.

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Tracy, W. F., and M. A. Chandler. "The Historical and Biological Basis of the Concept of Heterotic Patterns in Corn Belt Dent Maize." In Plant Breeding: The Arnel R. Hallauer International Symposium, 219–33. Ames, Iowa, USA: Blackwell Publishing, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470752708.ch16.

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Conference papers on the topic "Corn – Breeding"

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Babushkin, D. D., and S. А. Zaytsev. "BIOENERGETIC EFFICIENCY OF SEED PRODUCTION OF CORN HYBRIDS." In 11-я Всероссийская конференция молодых учёных и специалистов «Актуальные вопросы биологии, селекции, технологии возделывания и переработки сельскохозяйственных культур». V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25230/conf11-2021-15-18.

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We conducted the comparative analysis of bioenergetic efficiency of production of seeds of corn hybrids developed in breeding centers – participants of the Coordination Council on breeding and seed production of corn, included into the State register of breeding achievements permitted for production in the Russian Federation. We revealed corn hybrids with relatively high yield of gross energy: Neon 147 МV (71.4 GJ/ha), Katerina SV (68.4 GJ/ha), and crude protein: Neon 147 МV (0.45 t/ha), RNIISK-1 (0.43 t/ha), Baykal (0.44 t/ha).
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Shipsheva, Z. L. "COTTON BUDWORM AND EUROPEAN CORN BORER ON CORN CROPS IN THE STEPPE ZONE OF THE KBR." In «Breeding, seed production, cultivation technology and processing of agricultural crops». Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Federal Scientific Rice Centre, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33775/conf-2021-339-342.

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Cheverdin, Yu I., and A. Yu Cheverdin. "EFFECTIVE FERTILITY IN CORN CROPS USING BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTS." In «Breeding, seed production, cultivation technology and processing of agricultural crops». Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Federal Scientific Rice Centre, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33775/conf-2021-307-310.

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Secrier, Serghei, and Nicolai Vanicovici. "Breeding corn for drought tolerance in the Republic of Moldova." In XIth International Congress of Geneticists and Breeders from the Republic of Moldova. Scientific Association of Geneticists and Breeders of the Republic of Moldova, Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Moldova State University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53040/cga11.2021.080.

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Apanasova, S. А., and N. V. Apanasova. "SELECTION OF GENETICALLY MARKED CORN LINES FOR ABILITY TO PARTHENOGENESIS." In 11-я Всероссийская конференция молодых учёных и специалистов «Актуальные вопросы биологии, селекции, технологии возделывания и переработки сельскохозяйственных культур». V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25230/conf11-2021-11-15.

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Haploids are the value initial materials in corn breeding. However, spontaneous frequency of their appearance is about 0.01%. Due to selection and task-oriented breeding, researchers of the Genetic Department and the Department of Genetic and Reproductive Biology of the Saratov StateUniversity obtained homozygotic lines predisposed to parthenogenesis, autonomous endospermogenesis, androgenesis, polyembriony: АТ-1; АТ-3 (АТ – Apomictic Tyrnova); АPО-3 (line obtained from matriclinous haploid of a line АТ-3). We developed new genetically marked corn lines АТТМ using lines АТ-1 and ТM. Estimation of haploidy frequency was conducted in the field and laboratory conditions. There were conducted caryological and cytoembryologic analyses of the newly developed lines.
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Perevyazka, N. I., D. S. Perevyazka, and A. I. Suprunov. "EVALUATION OF NEW ULTRA-EARLY RIPENING CORN HYBRIDS IN ECOLOGICAL VARIETY TRIALS." In «Breeding, seed production, cultivation technology and processing of agricultural crops». Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Federal Scientific Rice Centre, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33775/conf-2021-196-199.

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Ivanova, O. M., and M. R. Makarov. "PRODUCTIVITY AND ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF GRAIN CORN ON TYPICAL CHERNOZEM IN TAMBOV REGION." In «Breeding, seed production, cultivation technology and processing of agricultural crops». Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Federal Scientific Rice Centre, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33775/conf-2021-297-301.

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Perevyazka, D. S., N. I. Perevyazka, and A. I. Suprunov. "STUDY OF BIOCHEMICAL GRAIN PARAMETERS OF NEW EARLY-MATURING AND MID-EARLY CORN HYBRIDS." In «Breeding, seed production, cultivation technology and processing of agricultural crops». Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Federal Scientific Rice Centre, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33775/conf-2021-192-195.

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Carson, Martin L. "Breeding for Quantitative Resistance to Leaf Blights of Corn: A Continuing Success Story." In Proceedings of the 1995 Integrated Crop Management Conference. Iowa State University, Digital Press, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/icm-180809-580.

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Yuan, Huan-Huan, Gui-Jun Yang, Guang-Sheng Zhang, Hai-Kuan Feng, and Yan-Jie Wang. "Selecting Corn Agronomic Traits in Breeding high potential Yield: effects of Stem Structure." In International Conference on Education, Management and Computing Technology (ICEMCT-16). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icemct-16.2016.187.

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Reports on the topic "Corn – Breeding"

1

Hallauer, Arnel R. Corn Breeding. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-2201.

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Hallauer, Arnel R. Corn Breeding. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-1796.

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Lamkey, Kendall, and Paul R. White. Corn Breeding Research. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-117.

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Lamkey, Kendall, Arnel R. Hallauer, and Paul R. White. Corn Breeding Research. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-2343.

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Lamkey, Kendall, Arnel R. Hallauer, and Paul R. White. Corn Breeding Research. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-270.

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Edwards, Jode W., Mike Blanco, John Golden, Fred Engstrom, Andrew Smelser, and Nuo Shen. USDA ARS Corn Breeding. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-1265.

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Hallauer, Arnel R., Paul R. White, and Kendall Lamkey. Corn Breeding Investigations: 2001 Testcross and Single-Cross Trials. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-1104.

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