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1
Pagoada-Rivas, José de Jesús. "A regional econometric model of the United States production and consumption of sweet corn /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9962550.
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Clark, L. J., E. W. Carpenter, R. A. Neff, and S. T. Martin. "Sweet Corn Variety Trial." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/220396.
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Sixteen sweet corn varieties were grown in replicated small plot trials with two dates of planting at the Safford Agricultural Center in 1999. Candy Corner ranked number one and two in the early and late dates of planting, respectively, and FMX 413 ranked number one in the later date of planting study. Both varieties produced over 2,500 dozen ears per acre. Sugar readings were made and tabulated for all varieties using a portable refractometer.
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Umeda, Kai. "Sweet Corn Herbicide Weed Control." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/221636.
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The sequence of preemergence (PREE) herbicide metolachlor (Dual II®) followed by postemergence (POST) herbicide mixture of primisulfuron plus prosulfuron (Exceed®) provided season-long near complete weed control in sweet corn. Preplant incorporated (PPI) treatments of dimethenamid (Frontier®), EPTC plus safener (Eradicane®), and herbicide mixture FOE 5043 plus metribuzin (Axiom®, Bayer) provided effective weed control for most of the season. Similar effective weed control was observed for PREE treatments of pendimethalin (Prowl®), Frontier, and Axiom.
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Umeda, K. "Herbicide Weed Control in Sweet Corn." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/221496.
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Preplant incorporated and/or preemergence herbicide treatments including metolachlor (Dual®), EPTC with safener (Eradicane®), cyanazine (Bladex®), pendimethalin (Prowl®), and tank-mix combinations provided good (88 %) to excellent ( >98 %) weed control of prostrate and tumble pigweeds and purslane in sweet corn.
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Umeda, Kai, G. Gal, and B. Strickland. "Sweet Corn Herbicide Weed Control Study." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/221671.
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Season-long near complete weed control in sweet corn was achieved with preemergence (PREE) herbicide applications of pendimethalin (Prowl®), metolachlor (Dual®), or thiafluamide/metribuzin (Axiom®) followed by postemergence applications of bentazon (Basagran®) or dicamba (Banvel®). Basagran applied alone POST gave very good control ( >93 %) of lambsquarters (Chenopodium album) and purslane (Portulaca oleracea) but did not adequately control tumble pigweed (Amaranthus albus). Prowl applied alone PREE gave acceptable control of most weeds. POST applications of prosulfuron/primisulfuron (Exceed®) caused moderate corn injury by shortening internodes and overall plant height and slight foliar chlorosis.
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Mikel, Terry. "Growing Sweet Corn in Arizona." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/146990.
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3 pp.Sweet corn grown with completely filled rows of tender sweet kernels highlights any gardening venture. The gardeners grow it so consistently that it ranks second only to tomatoes in popularity of vegetables. To appreciate the reasons for its culture, this publication discusses the history, botany, culture of sweet corn, as well as the method to plant it.
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Cortbaoui, Patrick. "Assessment of precooling technologies for sweet corn." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=84020.
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Sweet corn is classified among highly perishable horticultural commodities. Thus, it can be deteriorated rapidly after harvest resulting in high loss and poorer produce quality. Sweet corn's sugar loss is about four times higher at 10°C compared to 0°C. Precooling, immediately after harvest, has shown to be an effective method to maintain the quality for a wide range of fresh fruits and vegetables during storage. Further, this method leads to reduction in metabolism and respiration rate of the produce, retardation of its senescence, and inhibition of growth of pathogens. In addition to diminishing postharvest losses of the produce, efficient precooling is required for increasing the length of duration of marketing time for better profitability.Precooling of sweet corn was accomplished by three main methods including forced-air, water and vacuum cooling. Operating parameters such as temperature, pressure, orientation of corn cobs, air flow rate and water flow pattern were defined and studied for optimization. The assessment and comparison of the performance of precooling systems was achieved by determining the effect of these parameters on half cooling time and quality of the produce during storage for 7 and 21 days at 1°C and 90-95% RH. In addition, room cooling method was also tested and compared to the three precooling systems. The use of three sweet corn cultivars was important to compare their quality response to different cooling methods.
Experiments were performed on a lab-scale vacuum cooler and modified forced-air and water cooler systems. The results showed that changing the cob orientation perpendicular to the direction of flow medium, using higher air flow rate in forced-air cooling and immersed water flow pattern in water cooling, can significantly reduce the half cooling time of the produce. Finally, the best method to be recommended for precooling sweet corn is by using hydrocooling which results in superior quality produce and minimum time.
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Umeda, Kai. "Sweet Corn Tolerance and Herbicide Weed Control." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/214727.
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No observable injury was evident by any herbicide treatment on any of the twelve sweet corn varieties during the season. Overall, pendimethalin (Prowl®) treatments applied preemergence (PREE) provided very good control ( >87 %) of all weeds rated. Metolachlor (Dual®), EPTC plus safener (Eradicane®), dimethanamid (Frontier®), and cyanazine ( Bladex®) treatments gave good control ( >80 %) of pigweeds ( Amaranthus sp.) and purslane (Portulaca oleraceq) with annual yellow sweetclover (Melilotus ocf`icinalis) not adequately controlled. All treatments except Bladex alone gave good control of volunteer sudangrass.
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Umeda, K. "Sweet Corn Herbicide Weed Control Study." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/219975.
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The soil applied herbicides EPTC plus safener (Eradicane7), metolachlor (Dual)7, dimethenamid (Frontier7), pendimethalin (Prowl7), and fluthiamide/metribuzin (Axiom7) applied at planting time all provided very good weed control of pigweeds (Amaranthus spp.), grasses, and puncturevine (Tribulus terrestris). Most of the soil applied followed by POST combination treatments gave very good control (>90%) of lambsquarters (Chenopodium spp.), pigweeds, and groundcherry (Physalis wrightii). POST treatments bentazon (Basagran7), dicamba (Clarity7), and diflufenzopyr plus dicamba (Distinct7) applied alone were not as effective as combinations with soil applied herbicides.
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Oebker, Norm, Fred Harper, Paul Bessey, Rick Gibson, and Marcia White. "Sweet Corn Cultivar Evaluations in Arizona, 1987-1988." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/214252.
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Husman, Stephen H., Donald J. Jr Garrot, Delmar D. Fangmeier, and Norman F. Oebker. "Sweet Corn Irrigation Scheduling Using Infrared Thermometers and the Crop Water Stress Index." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/214474.
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The Crop Water Stress Index (CWSI) was used to schedule irrigations on Jubilee sweet corn on 12 drip- irrigated plots at the Campus Agricultural Center in Tucson. Irrigations were to be scheduled at 0.15, 0.35, and 0.50 CWSI values to represent a wet, medium and a dry treatment. Actual average CWSI values at time of irrigation were for 0.14, 0.36, and 0.48. There were no significant yield or quality differences for the wet and medium treatments with exception of a greater ear diameter in the wet treatment. Yield and quality significantly decreased for the dry treatment scheduled at a CWSI value of 0.48. Irrigation application totals were 26.4, 24.2 and 18.3 inches for the wet, medium and dry treatments respectively.
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Clark, L. J., R. Walser, and E. W. Carpenter. "Sweet Corn Variety Trial Safford Agricultural Center, 1998." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/219992.
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Eight sweet corn varieties were grown in a replicated small plot trial on the Safford Agricultural Center in 1998. Snow White had the highest yield per acre with several of the other varieties producing very acceptable yields. Yields seen in the small plots may not be obtainable in commercial fields, but yield relations between varieties should be the same for both situations.
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Oebker, Norm, Fred Harper, Rick Gibson, and Marcia White. "Sweet Corn Cultivar Trials at Maricopa Agricultural Center, 1989." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/214489.
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Oebker, Norman F., and Marcia White. "Comparison of Two Sweet Corn Types for Field Quality Holding." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/214270.
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Alcaraz, Sandra. "Role of predators in suppression of the european corn borer, ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner), on sweet corn /." The Ohio State University, 1996. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487940665436415.
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Doerge, Thomas A., T. C. Tucker, and T. W. McCreary. "Effect of Nitrification Inhibitors on Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency in Sweet Corn." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/221451.
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A field experiment using subsurface drip irrigation was conducted at the Maricopa Agricultural Center on a Casa Grande sandy loam soil to evaluate the effect of varying nitrogen (N) sources on the growth and yield of 'Sweetie' 82' sweet corn when applied with, and without four nitrification inhibitors (Nl). The NI treatments included nitrapyrin (N-Serve*), dicyandiamide (DCD), ammonium thiosulfate, and N-Hib Calcium™. Nitrogen was supplied as urea -ammonium nitrate (UAN -32). In addition, an all nitrate source plus a control which received no added N were used. Al! N treated plots received a total of 111 lbs. N acre in split applications at the V3, V6 and the V12 stages. All solutions were applied through buried, perforated PVC tubing to simulate application through the buried drip irrigation system. The inclusion of the nitrification inhibitors with UAN-32 had no significant effect on marketable ear yield, total N uptake or nitrogen use efficiency.
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Doerge, Thomas A., Thomas C. Tucker, and Ted W. McCreary. "Enhanced Growth of Drip Irrigated Sweet Corn Using a Nitrification Inhibitor." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/214276.
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A field experiment using subsurface drip irrigation was conducted at the Maricopa Agricultural Center on a Casa Grande sandy loam to evaluate the effect of varying nitrogen rates on the growth and yield of 'Jubilee' sweet corn when applied with, and without the nitrification inhibitor, nitrapyrin (N-Serveᴿ). N treatments of 89, 134 and 2671bs. N/acre were applied as ammonium sulfate to one meter miniplots in three split applications between the V2 and the V10 growth stages. Individual N-Serveᴿ application rates were 0.5 lbs/acre. All solutions were applied through buried, perforated PVC tubing to simulate application through the buried drip irrigation system. The inclusion of N-Serveᴿ significantly increased dry matter accumulation, number of total ears and number of marketable ears /plant at all N levels. Plant tissue analysis suggested that enhanced uptake of ammonium -N as well as reduced leaching of nitrate-N contributed to this growth response to N- Serveᴿ.
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Drame, Marieme. "Pearl Millet Nutritional Quality and Fertilization of Sweet Corn in Senegal." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/81259.
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Agricultural production is the main source of income and major employer in many countries in Africa, including Senegal. Commercial sweet corn (Zea mays L. ssp. saccharata) production in Senegal is increasing in response to global marketing opportunities and offers producers the ability to increase income and diversify the cropping base. Production of optimum sweet corn yield and quality depends on adequate nutrient supply, particularly, nitrogen (N). Current N recommendations are based on recommendations specific to corn for grain. This study aimed to identify tools to estimate sweet corn N status and determine the most appropriate fertilizer dosage for sweet corn. Non-destructive remote sensing tools and ion exchange resin membranes (IEMs) were used to evaluate the effect of fertilizer dose. No differences in ear yield or yield components, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) values, biomass, N uptake or leaf N concentration due to fertilizer dose were detected at Ndiol. However, significant relationships existed between NDVI values and yield, biomass, and N uptake at the V9 growth stage. Only yield was affected by fertilizer dose at Sangalkam, and no consistent relationships were found between chlorophyll meter readings and others measured parameters. Treatment differences due to fertilizer dose for available NH4+ at V9 (Ndiol), and NO3- at V5 (Sangalkam) were found, however further research is needed to fully evaluate the usefulness of IEMs to measure available soil N. Based on these studies, sweet corn fertilizer rates should likely be based on 75% of the dose applied to field corn, however more work is needed to confirm this finding.
Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L) R. Br.) is the most widely grown staple crop in Senegal. Introduction of drought tolerant millet genotypes has helped mitigate the effect of increased water shortage in the region, but little is known about the nutritional composition of these genotypes. Our objective was to compare millet grain nutritional composition among and between putative drought tolerant and drought sensitive pearl millet lines under drought stress and well-watered conditions. One field experiment was conducted in 2014 at the National Center for Agronomic Research (CNRA) of Bambey, Senegal (16°30' and 16° 28' N; 15o44' and 15o42' W). The experiment utilized a split-plot design with four replications. Water regime was the main plot experimental factor while genotype, a total of 20 was the sub-plot. Pearl millet genotypes were divided into three contrasting groups based on drought tolerance for comparisons. Water stress did not affect 100-grain weight, test weight, protein, soluble protein, starch, sugars, amino acids or vitamin B2 content of grains among VPD-groups. Accumulation of these constituents of pearl millet grain appear to be genetically controlled and are probably not affected by late drought stress. However, differences were noted among genotypes as the sensitive VPD-group accumulated greater soluble protein, starch and soluble sugars (except sucrose) than the tolerant and medium VPD-groups. The tolerant VPD-group, however, accumulated greater protein and vitamin B2 content. Arginine, proline and serine content was greater in the sensitive VPD-group, while lysine, aspartic acid, and glutamic acid were greater in the tolerant VPD-group. Glycine, histidine, threonine, alanine, tyrosine, valine, methionine, leucine, isoleucine, and phenylalanine were relatively equal in tolerant and sensitive VPD-groups. Calcium and Na levels were affected by water stress in the sensitive VPD-group, but differently. Calcium content was greatest for the sensitive group under drought stress, while sodium was the lowest. Iron accumulation in sensitive VPD-group increased under water stress. Potassium decreased for all VPD-groups under stress, while across water regime, K levels in the drought-sensitive group were lower. Selection for drought appears to effect many of the nutritional constituents of pearl millet grain, however many of these differences appear to be directly related to parameters known to effect plant water relations.Master of Science
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Samad, Abdul. "SOPHOROLIPID PRODUCTION FROM LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS FEEDSTOCKs." OpenSIUC, 2015. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1799.
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The present study investigated the feasibility of production of sophorolipids (SLs) using yeast Candida bombicola grown on hydrolysates derived lignocellulosic feedstock either with or without supplementing oil as extra carbon source. Several researchers have reported using pure sugars and various oil sources for producing SLs which makes them expensive for scale-up and commercial production. In order to make the production process truly sustainable and renewable, we used feedstocks such as sweet sorghum bagasse, corn fiber and corn stover. Without oil supplementation, the cell densities at the end of day-8 was recorded as 9.2, 9.8 and 10.8 g/L for hydrolysate derived from sorghum bagasse, corn fiber, and corn fiber with the addition of yeast extract (YE) during fermentation, respectively. At the end of fermentation, the SL concentration was 3.6 g/L for bagasse and 1.0 g/L for corn fiber hydrolysate. Among the three major sugars utilized by C. bombicola in the bagasse cultures, glucose was consumed at a rate of 9.1 g/L-day; xylose at 1.8 g/L-day; and arabinose at 0.98 g/L-day. With the addition of soybean oil at 100 g/L, cultures with bagasse hydrolysates, corn fiber hydrolysates and standard medium had a cell content of 7.7 g/L; 7.9 g/L; and 8.9 g/L, respectively after 10 days. The yield of SLs from bagasse hydrolysate was 84.6 g/L and corn fiber hydrolysate was15.6 g/L. In the same order, the residual oil in cultures with these two hydrolysates was 52.3 g/L and 41.0 g/L. For this set of experiment; in the cultures with bagasse hydrolysate; utilization rates for glucose, xylose and arabinose was recorded as 9.5, 1.04 and 0.08 g/L-day respectively. Surprisingly, C. bombicola consumed all monomeric sugars and non-sugar compounds in the hydrolysates and cultures with bagasse hydrolysates had higher yield of SLs than those from a standard medium which contained pure glucose at the same concentration. Based on the SL concentrations and considering all sugars consumed, the yield of SLs was 0.55 g/g carbon (sugars plus oil) for cultures with bagasse hydrolysates. Further, SL production was investigated using sweet sorghum bagasse and corn stover hydrolysates derived from different pretreatment conditions. For the former and latter sugar sources, yellow grease or soybean oil was supplemented at different doses to enhance sophorolipid yield. 14-day batch fermentation on bagasse hydrolysates with 10, 40 and 60 g/L of yellow grease had cell densities of 5.7 g/L, 6.4 g/L and 7.8 g/L, respectively. The study also revealed that the yield of SLs on bagasse hydrolysate decreased from 0.67 to 0.61 and to 0.44 g/g carbon when yellow grease was dosed at 10, 40 and 60 g/L. With aforementioned increasing yellow grease concentration, the residual oil left after 14 days was recorded as 3.2 g/L, 8.5 g/L and 19.9 g/L. For similar experimental conditions, the cell densities observed for corn stover hydrolysate combined with soybean oil at 10, 20 and 40 g/L concentration were 6.1 g/L, 5.9 g/L, and 5.4 g/L respectively. Also, in the same order of oil dose supplemented, the residual oil recovered after 14-day was 8.5 g/L, 8.9 g/L, and 26.9 g/L. Corn stover hydrolysate mixed with the 10, 20 and 40 g/L soybean oil, the SL yield was 0.19, 0.11 and 0.09 g/g carbon. Overall, both hydrolysates supported cell growth and sophorolipid production. The results from this research show that hydrolysates derived from the different lignocellulosic biomass feedstocks can be utilized by C. bombicola to achieve substantial yields of SLs. Based upon the results revealed by several batch-stage experiments, it can be stated that there is great potential for scaling up and industrial scale production of these high value products in future.
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Gagnon, Diane C. "Neem products for the control of the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hubner), in sweet corn, Zea mays (L.)." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/7703.
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The use of neem products to control the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hubner), in sweet corn was investigated. Three years of field studies were conducted comparing various foliar-spray applications of a neem seed kernel extract (NSKE), azadirachtin (AZA, the active ingredient of neem extracts), and Ambush (a synthetic pyrethroid). The results included: (1) NSKE sprayed prior to artificial infestation of the corn plants provided excellent protection (comparable to Ambush) against borer damage and greatly reduced larval populations. (2) Neem extract formulations from Safer Ltd. were the most effective. (3) The rate of application or number of applications were not determining factors in altering the efficacy of neem products. (4) Exceptional weather conditions (high temperatures, dry conditions) may be detrimental to the efficacy of foliar applied neem products. (5) Some neem treatments were found to increase corn stalk breakage possibly by altering the behavior of the larvae. Laboratory evaluations using no-choice leaf-disk bioassays showed the antifeedant action of AZA and the negligible effect of PBO (piperonyl butoxide) and Citowett (used in field formulations) on the feeding behavior of 3rd instar larvae. Growth and development studies of O. nubilalis fed a diet containing 0, 1, 3, 10, 30, 100, and 1000 $\mu$g NSKE g$\sp{-1}$ diet were conducted. 10 $\mu$g NSKE g$\sp{-1}$ diet (50 ng AZA g$\sp{-1}$ diet) fed continuously to the larvae were larvicidal and concentrations as low as 3 $\mu$g NSKE g$\sp{-1}$ diet (16.6 ng AZA g$\sp{-1}$ diet) significantly reduced larval, pupal and adult weights, increased the larval and pupal periods, decreased adult emergence and caused wing deformities. AZA content of the extracts was found to be a critical factor in the IGR (insect growth regulator) effects of NSKE. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Cabrera, Juan Carlos. "Interactions between Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and Bt-transgenic sweet corn." NCSU, 2002. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-20020124-155923.
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Field experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of Cry1Ab toxin of Bacillus thuringiensis expressed in transgenic sweet corn (Attributeä) on larval dispersal and larval density of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith), which could affect rates of adaptation to Bt corn. Crop phenology and agronomy were also tested to determine the affects of rapid corn maturation and tillers on insect survival. Behavior and dispersal of larvae from the neonate to 10 day-old larval stage was measured in single variety plots of Bt and conventional plants. Each plot was artificially infested with one egg mass to test the hypothesis that Bt toxins affect larval behavior, increasing dispersal of early instars. Results indicated that crawling behavior of neonates was similar in both varieties but larvae settled faster on conventional plants. Larval dispersal among plants was also statistically similar in both varieties at all sampling dates. In separated plots, two larval densities and three planting dates were studied. Mortality of fall armyworm larvae in Bt sweet corn was not density-dependent. Early entry of the corn plant into reproductive stage apparently affected larval survival. There is not differential larval utilization and survival in tillers versus main whorls of Bt and non-Bt plants. Insect adaptation to Bt toxins is likely affected by larval dispersal and rapid maturation of corn plants.
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Umeda, Kai. "Evaluation of Preemergence and Postemergence Herbicides for Sweet Corn Weed Control." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/214989.
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Callisto at 0.24 lb AI/A applied PREE gave a similar level of control of prostrate pigweed as did Dual Magnum, Outlook, and Prowl. POST applications of Callisto at 0.188 lb AI/A were equivalent to the higher rate of 0.24 lb AI/A. Callisto, Distinct, and Clarity provided excellent POST control of pigweed. Callisto applied POST was the same as PREE followed by POST sequentially. Aim provided marginally acceptable control of pigweed.
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Griffin, Marisa Lynn. "OVIPOSITIONAL BEHAVIOR OF THE 12-SPOTTED LADY BEETLE, COLEOMEGILLA MACULATA: CHOICES AMONG PLANT SPECIES AND POTENTIAL FACTORS INFLUENCING THOSE CHOICES." Lexington, Ky. : [University of Kentucky Libraries], 2000. http://lib.uky.edu/ETD/ukyento2000t00002/mgthesisI.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Kentucky, 2000.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 52 p. : ill. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 47-51).
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Oebker, Norman F., and Marcia White. "A Study of Timing of Sweet Corn Plantings for Fall Harvest in Central Arizona." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/214271.
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Stroehlein, J. L., T. C. Tucker, T. A. Doerge, D. D. Fangmeier, N. F. Oebker, T. W. McCreary, E. A. Lakatos, and S. H. Husman. "Interactions of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Water Rates on Sweet Corn Growth, Yield and Quality." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/214173.
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De, Silva H. A. Rohan. "A study of the expression of a protein proteinase inhibitor from sweet corn." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1991. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:df605ba7-4a1f-4968-92e6-4c8a06fa613c.
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Sweet Corn Inhibitor (SCI), a small (11811Da.) protein from the seeds of opaque-2 corn is a potent and specific inhibitor of trypsin and the activated Hageman Factor (Factor βXIIa) of the human blood plasma coagulation system. With the eventual aim of obtaining insight into the structure- function relationships of the selective SCI-pXIIa interaction, a synthetic gene for SCI was cloned into Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast) and Escherichia coli (E.coli) expression systems in an attempt to obtain overexpression of the recombinant gene product. The establishment of functional expression, together with an isolation and purification procedure for SCI would provide a system for obtaining selected reactive-site mutants of SCI by cassette- and oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis. A yeast secretion vector for a truncated form of SCI (tSCI) was constructed by cloning the gene for α-factor prepro-tSCI fusion, downstream to the α-mating factor (MFα1) promoter of yeast. Yeast transformants containing the expression vector failed to express and secrete the desired product. The synthetic gene encoding the complete SCI sequence was cloned into E.coli expression vectors that directed both cytoplasmic and periplasmic expression. In cytoplasmic expression, the SCI gene was cloned directly downstream to the powerful, inducible λ-phage PL- and trc-promoters. No expression was obtained with the latter. With the former, expression levels of up to 3% of the total bacterial protein were obtained. These levels were improved 3- to 4-fold on incorporation of the E.coli dnaY gene product. Solubilisation and refolding of the purified SCI inclusion bodies failed to yield the active, correctly folded product. Failure to obtain an N-terminal sequence indicated an incompletely processed N-terminal methionine. For periplasmic expression, SCI, fused in-frame to the signal sequence of OmpA, a major E.coli outer membrane protein, was cloned into the same λ-phage PL promoter vector. High levels (=10%) of expression of insoluble SCI were obtained. The nearly homogeneous product was obtained by a two-step procedure, involving ion-exchange chromatography, followed by hydrophobic interaction chromatography. Characterisation by N-terminal sequencing, SDS-PAGE and electrospray mass spectrometry, confirmed the presence of correctly processed SCI in the form of covalently associated dimers. Refolding studies are at present in progress.
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Lehle, F. R., N. F. Oebker, and M. White. "Stress Induced Leakage of Sugars as an Estimator of Sweet Corn (Zea Mays) Seed Vigor." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/214149.
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The seed vigor of a super-sweet mutant of sweet corn (Sweetie 76) was compared to that of a traditional, non-mutant variety (Jubilee). The inherent seed vigor of a typical super-sweet corn mutant was considerably less than that of a traditional non-mutant variety. Leakage of reducing sugars from sweet corn seeds at a low temperature was not correlated with seed vigor.
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McClung, Tamara Nicole. "Sweet Corn Germination, Growth, and Yield After a Rye Winter Cover Crop." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/311795.
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Briggs, Amanda C. "Probit and ordered probit analysis of the demand for fresh sweet corn." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2003. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0001185.
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Cherr, Corey. "Improved use of green manure as a nitrogen source for sweet corn." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0006501.
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Doerge, Thomas A., Jack L. Stroehlein, Thomas C. Tucker, Del D. Fangmeier, Norman F. Oebker, Ted W. McCreary, Steve H. Husman, and Eugene A. Lakatos. "Nitrogen and Water Effects on the Growth, Yield and Quality of Drip Irrigated Sweet Corn." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/214258.
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A complete factorial experiment using three nitrogen (44, 106 and 160 lbs N/acre) and three water rates (60, 100 and 130% consumptive use) examined the specific management criteria necessary for obtaining optimum yield and quality of drip -irrigated 'Jubilee' sweet coni. The crop was planted on I March and harvested on 10 June, with an 86 /50°F heat unit accumulation of 1738. When present, a nitrogen deficiency greatly decreased marketable yield, number of marketable ears/plant, mean ear weight, ear length and tip fill. Higher moisture rates generally had less effect on yield and quality than did N rates; however, increasing water rates significantly increased marketable yields and plant height, improved tip fill and lessened the occurrence of blank kernels. The effect of N and water rates on N and dry matter accumulation and on diagnostic plant tissue testing results for sweet corn are also presented. The maximum marketable yield obtained in this experiment was 7.8 tons per acre, using 160 lbs N/acre and 21.1 inches of irrigation water.
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Doerge, T. A., J. L. Stroehlein, T. C. Tucker, D. D. Fangmeier, N. F. Oebker, T. W. McCreary, and S. H. Husman. "Effects of Nitrogen and Water Rates on Nitrogen Uptake Dynamics in Drip Irrigated Sweet Corn." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/214491.
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A complete factorial experiment using three nitrogen (67, 156 and 245 lbs N/acre) and three water rates (70, 100 and 130% consumptive use) examined the specific management criteria necessary for obtaining optimum yield and quality of drip- irrigated 'Sweetie '82' sweet corn. The crop was planted on 22 February and harvested on 30 May with an 86/50° F heat unit accumulation of 1444. When present, a nitrogen deficiency greatly decreased marketable yield number of marketable ears/plant mean ear weight, ear length and tip fill. Higher moisture rates generally had less effect on yield and quality than did N rates; however, increasing water rates significantly increased marketable yields and plant height. The effect of N and water rates on N and dry matter accumulation and on diagnostic plant tissue testing results for sweet corn are also presented The maximum marketable yield obtained in this experiment was 7.2 tons per acre, using 245 lbs N/acre and 20.5 inches of irrigation water.
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Ottman, Michael. "Feasibility of Obtaining Two Crops of Sweet Sorghum for Ethanol, MAC, 2006." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/203655.
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Sweet sorghum has potential as an energy crop in the Southwest since, compared to corn, it requires less fertilizer and water, is cheaper to grow, and requires less energy to process into ethanol. The purpose of this study is to determine the feasibility of obtaining two crops of sweet sorghum from a single seeding. Two cultivars of sweet sorghum were seeded at early and late dates at the Maricopa Agricultural Center in 2006. Two crops of sweet sorghum were obtained in our study with a short season cultivar Bundle King, but not with the longer season cultivar MMR 327/36. The ethanol yield of Bundle King of 213 gal/acre from two crops planted on April 7 was not significantly greater statistically than the ethanol yield of 162 gal/acre from a single crop planted on June 1. Bundle King is an inherently low yielding variety, as are most short season sweet sorghum cultivars that may be used for double cropping. Thus, the problem with double cropping is identifying a suitable cultivar along with increased harvest costs, despite the advantage of providing a more even supply of feedstock to an ethanol plant.
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Jackson, Tori Lee. "Alternative Controls for Helicoverpazea on Sweet Corn: Phytotoxicity and Pollination Inhibition from Direct Silk Applications." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2004. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/JacksonTL2004.pdf.
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Seaman, Kimberly Ann. "Impact of crop-management history on organically fertilized sweet corn (zea mays L.)." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0010525.
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Bye, Hannah. "Sweet Corn Production with Different Mulches, Varieties, and Planting Dates in North Dakota." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2016. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/28274.
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Sweetcorn is a high value crop that can grow almost anywhere given the right temperature conditions. In North Dakota those conditions are not always met. Using mulch increases the soil temperature. Early planting will have a higher soil temperature increase, but also creates risk from frost damage. In this study, three varieties of sweetcorn was planted with different maturity days, on four covers (black, clear, biodegradable and no mulch), with four different planting dates (from April 15 to June 1). Emergence, growth stage, plant height, leaf area index, soil and near surface air temperature, yield and sugar content was measured. The germination rate was shortened for the clear mulch by 2.6 days. Through this one year study, we can say that mulch is effective in raising soil temperature, increases early growth for 84 day variety and increases fresh yield for all mulch covers when compared to the no mulch treatment.
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Stevens, Paul Thomas. "Nitrogen Management and the Effects of Compost Tea on Organic Irish Potato and Sweet Corn." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33418.
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Supply and synchronization of plant-available nitrogen (N) to the soil is a major challenge for organic farmers, especially when growing crops in soils that are in transition from conventional to organic systems. This research evaluated the effects of site produced cover crops and application of soil amendments on N uptake and crop yield of organic Irish potato (Solanum tuberosum) and sweet corn (Zea mays). Cover crops were crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum) and forage radish (Raphanus sativus). Soil amendments included in-row application of commercially produced dehydrated compost tea absorbed on charcoal (Soil Biology Innovations) and post-plant sidedressing with organic N fertilizer. Irish potato and sweet corn were grown at the Kentland Agricultural Research Farm near Blacksburg, VA in an organic transition soil during the summers of 2006 and 2007. Nitrogen uptake and crop yield were not affected by cover crop species in either year. SBI increased yield of sweet corn, but not Irish potato for both years; SBI had no effect on N uptake of either crop. Post-plant N sidedressing increased N uptake and crop yield of Irish potato and sweet corn in 2007, but had no effect on crop yield in 2006, presumably because pre-plant organic fertilizer was applied at planting in 2006, but not in 2007. This study shows that the combination of site produced cover crops and applied soil amendments may be required to produce high marketable yields of organic Irish potato and sweet corn in the transition soil used in these experiments.Master of Science
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Rose, Robyn Ilene. "An ecological risk assessment of BT transgenic sweet corn on non-target arthropod communities." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/2451.
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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2005.Thesis research directed by: Entomology. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Amer, Saud Abdulaziz. "Spectral response of sweet corn, squash, and beans to nitrogen, zinc and water treatments." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/298785.
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The study consisted of six experiments conducted to examine the spectral response of different varieties of corn (Zea mays), squash (Cucurbita pepo) and bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) under variable zinc (Zn), nitrogen (N) and water treatments. Five of these experiments were conducted in the greenhouse during 1988 and 1989. The sixth experiment was conducted in the field during the summer of 1989. Ground-based, remotely sensed data were collected over plant canopies during the growing period, using an Exotech Model 100 AX hand-held radiometer. The Exotech offers filter sets which match the thematic mapper (TM) bands 1 through 4 (0.45-0.52, 0.52-0.60, 0.63-0.69, and 0.76-0.90 μm). Canopy spectral reflectance and derived vegetation indices showed their ability to significantly discriminate among varieties and variable treatments. Soil adjusted vegetation index (SAVI) mimics the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and transformation normalized difference vegetation index (TNDVI) and exhibited all the characteristics of the NDVI curve when there were no soil influences (a single soil type). Red and near infrared (NIR) reflectance factors exhibited ability in monitoring crop growth and development. The TNDVI showed its superiority in detecting variations and in correlating with ground truth data (biomass cover percent). However, the study showed that remotely sensed data were sensitive to variations (varieties and treatments), but the data did not differentiate between them, unless supported with ground truth data.
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Krzic, Maja. "Tillage-planting systems and cover cropping for sweet corn production in the western Fraser Valley." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq25082.pdf.
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Aragão, Carlos Alberto [UNESP]. "Avaliação de híbridos simples braquíticos de milho super doce (Zea mays L.) portadores do gene shrunken-2 (sh2sh2) utilizando o esquema dialélico parcial." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/100059.
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aragao_ca_dr_botfca.pdf: 1161671 bytes, checksum: afd46a3743d52d4b2ec59f8c3237449e (MD5)Visando avaliar o potencial produtivo de híbridos simples de milho super doce, bem como, a capacidade de combinação de vinte e cinco linhagens que lhes deram origem, através de um cruzamento dialélico parcial, foram avaliados cento e vinte híbridos, em São Manuel (SP) local 1, SAKATA/Sudameris (SP) local 2 e Arisco (GO) local 3, usando-se látice simples 11x11 com duas repetições por local. Foram tomados os dados de Produção total de espigas com palha corrigida para o estande; Produção comercial corrigida para o estande, Peso de cinco espigas comerciais com palha; Peso de cinco espigas comerciais sem palha; Produção espigas com. Sem palha, corrigida para estande e 76% de água, Comprimento de espigas; Diâmetro de espiga; Atura da planta e Altura de inserção espiga. As análises estatísticas e genéticas mostraram alta significância das interações de híbridos e capacidade geral e específica de combinação com os locais. De maneira geral observou-se maior produção para os caracteres avaliados no local 2 SAKATA/Sudameris. Comparando-se os híbridos testados com o híbrido comercial DO- 04, para todos os locais, observou-se que foi possível o desenvolvimento de híbridos simples (HS) superiores para a maioria dos caracteres avaliados. De maneira geral obteve-se uma boa combinação entre uma bom número de linhagens, sendo que para o caráter PC5Esp (76%), as melhores linhagens quanto à CGC, do grupo 1, foram 657; 750 e 656, do grupo 2, 636; 628 e 333. Foi possível indicar os seguintes híbridos específicos: (44)421x320 e (68)657x320, mostrando grande potencial para programas de melhoramento de milho doce.
One hundred and twenty simple hybrids of super sweet corn were evaluated at São Manuel, SP (site 1), SAKATA/Sudameris, SP (site 2) and at Arisco, GO (site 3), using simple lattice 11x11 with two replications aiming to estimate the producing potential of the hybrids, as well as the combination capacity of 25 inbreds that originated them, by a partial diallel crossing. The data assessed were total husked ear production corrected for stand; commercial production corrected for stand; weight of five commercial husked ears; weight of five commercial dehusked ears; dehusked ears production corrected for stand and 76% humidity; ear length; ear diameter; plant height and height of ear insertion. The statistical and genetic analysis showed high significance of hybrids interactions and general and specific combine ability with the sites. In general, an improved production was observed for the evaluated characters at site 2 SAKATA/Sudameris. Comparing the tested hybrids with the commercial hybrid DO-04, at all the sites superior simple hybrids were developed for every evaluated character. In general, there was a good combination between a great number of inbred. For the dehusked ears production corrected for stand and 76% humidity character, the best CGC inbreds of group1 were 657; 750 e 656, and of group 2 were, 636; 628 e 333. It was possible to indicate the specific hybrids: (44)421 x 320 and (68)657 x 320, which have great potential for sweet corn breeding programs.
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Mkhabela, Manasah Sibusiso. "Effects of municipal solid waste compost on soil phosphorus availability and uptake by potatoes and sweet corn." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ36516.pdf.
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Aragão, Carlos Alberto 1970. "Avaliação de híbridos simples braquíticos de milho super doce (Zea mays L.) portadores do gene shrunken-2 (sh2sh2) utilizando o esquema dialélico parcial /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/100059.
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Orientador: Norberto da SilvaResumo: Visando avaliar o potencial produtivo de híbridos simples de milho super doce, bem como, a capacidade de combinação de vinte e cinco linhagens que lhes deram origem, através de um cruzamento dialélico parcial, foram avaliados cento e vinte híbridos, em São Manuel (SP) local 1, SAKATA/Sudameris (SP) local 2 e Arisco (GO) local 3, usando-se látice simples 11x11 com duas repetições por local. Foram tomados os dados de Produção total de espigas com palha corrigida para o estande; Produção comercial corrigida para o estande, Peso de cinco espigas comerciais com palha; Peso de cinco espigas comerciais sem palha; Produção espigas com. Sem palha, corrigida para estande e 76% de água, Comprimento de espigas; Diâmetro de espiga; Atura da planta e Altura de inserção espiga. As análises estatísticas e genéticas mostraram alta significância das interações de híbridos e capacidade geral e específica de combinação com os locais. De maneira geral observou-se maior produção para os caracteres avaliados no local 2 SAKATA/Sudameris. Comparando-se os híbridos testados com o híbrido comercial DO- 04, para todos os locais, observou-se que foi possível o desenvolvimento de híbridos simples (HS) superiores para a maioria dos caracteres avaliados. De maneira geral obteve-se uma boa combinação entre uma bom número de linhagens, sendo que para o caráter PC5Esp (76%), as melhores linhagens quanto à CGC, do grupo 1, foram 657; 750 e 656, do grupo 2, 636; 628 e 333. Foi possível indicar os seguintes híbridos específicos: (44)421x320 e (68)657x320, mostrando grande potencial para programas de melhoramento de milho doce.
Abstract: One hundred and twenty simple hybrids of super sweet corn were evaluated at São Manuel, SP (site 1), SAKATA/Sudameris, SP (site 2) and at Arisco, GO (site 3), using simple lattice 11x11 with two replications aiming to estimate the producing potential of the hybrids, as well as the combination capacity of 25 inbreds that originated them, by a partial diallel crossing. The data assessed were total husked ear production corrected for stand; commercial production corrected for stand; weight of five commercial husked ears; weight of five commercial dehusked ears; dehusked ears production corrected for stand and 76% humidity; ear length; ear diameter; plant height and height of ear insertion. The statistical and genetic analysis showed high significance of hybrids interactions and general and specific combine ability with the sites. In general, an improved production was observed for the evaluated characters at site 2 SAKATA/Sudameris. Comparing the tested hybrids with the commercial hybrid DO-04, at all the sites superior simple hybrids were developed for every evaluated character. In general, there was a good combination between a great number of inbred. For the dehusked ears production corrected for stand and 76% humidity character, the best CGC inbreds of group1 were 657; 750 e 656, and of group 2 were, 636; 628 e 333. It was possible to indicate the specific hybrids: (44)421 x 320 and (68)657 x 320, which have great potential for sweet corn breeding programs.
Doutor
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Ferreira, Adriano Cesar [UNESP]. "Condicionamento fisiológico, fitorreguladores e qualidade de sementes de milho-doce." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/96869.
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ferreira_ac_me_jabo.pdf: 206579 bytes, checksum: ae1661430b2626c1ec623bac6a3fbb05 (MD5)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
As sementes de milho-doce apresentam a espessura reduzida do pericarpo e maior quantidade de açúcares no endosperma e estas características tornam-nas mais suscetíveis aos danos mecânicos, à entrada e proliferação de patógenos e à deterioração, quando comparadas às de milho comum. Assim, as sementes de milho-doce apresentam menor longevidade no armazenamento e baixo desempenho em campo. O condicionamento fisiológico de sementes e o uso de fitorreguladores podem ser utilizados como técnicas para melhorar o desempenho de sementes. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos do condicionamento fisiológico, de fitorreguladores e do armazenamento no desempenho de sementes de milho-doce. Os seguintes tratamentos foram aplicados às sementes: tratamento 1 – sem condicionamento fisiológico; tratamento 2 – com condicionamento fisiológico; tratamento 3 – com condicionamento fisiológico + auxina (50 ppm); tratamento 4 – com condicionamento fisiológico + ácido giberélico (50 ppm) e tratamento 5 – com condicionamento fisiológico + auxina (50 ppm) + ácido giberélico (50 ppm). As sementes foram armazenadas em câmara fria com temperatura de 10 ºC ±1 ºC e umidade relativa do ar de 50% ±5% durante quatro meses. Imediatamente após o condicionamento fisiológico e após quatro meses, foram utilizados os testes de teor de água, teste de germinação, teste de envelhecimento acelerado, teste de frio com solo, teste de condutividade elétrica e teste de emergência de plântulas para avaliar o ensaio. O condicionamento fisiológico com e sem fitorreguladores não teve efeito sobre a germinação e o vigor de sementes de milho-doce, permitindo concluir que estas técnicas não tiveram efeitos positivos na qualidade das sementes de milho-doce nas condições do ensaio
The seeds of sweet corn have reduced the thickness of the pericarp and higher amount of sugars in the endosperm and these characteristics make them more susceptible to mechanical damage at the entrance and proliferation of pathogens and the deterioration when compared to normal corn. Thus the seeds of sweet corn in storage have reduced longevity and poor performance on the field. Priming and the growth regulators can be used as techniques to improve the performance of seeds. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of priming, growth regulators and storage on sweet corn performance. The following treatments were applied to seeds: treatment 1 - no priming; treatment 2 - priming; treatment 3 - priming + auxin (50 ppm); treatment 4 - priming + gibberellic acid (50 ppm) and treatment 5 - priming + auxin (50 ppm) + gibberellic acid (50 ppm). The seeds were stored in cold chamber with temperature of 10 ºC ± 1 ºC and relative humidity of 50% ± 5% for four months. Immediately after the priming and after four months, were used the water content test, germination test, accelerated aging, cold test with soil, electrical conductivity test and seedling emergency test to evaluate the assay. The priming with and without growth regulators had no effect on germination and seed vigor of sweet corn, the report concludes that these techniques did not have positive effects on quality of sweet corn seeds in the assay conditions
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Kwiatkowski, Angela. "Características agronômicas, qualidade e composição química dos grãos de híbridos simples de milho doce." Universidade Estadual de Maringá, 2007. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/167.
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CNPQO milho doce (Zea mays L.) possui ampla versatilidade, além de agregar valor ao produto. Este tipo de milho vem sendo consumido em diversos países na forma de espiga cozida “in natura”, congelada ou como grãos enlatados. No Brasil, várias agroindústrias fomentam a produção e comercialização do milho doce enlatado em conserva. Dessa forma, seu cultivo vem crescendo gradativamente, atraindo a atenção dos produtores de milho verde. O presente trabalho possui como objetivos: avaliar caracteres agronômicos, a qualidade e a composição química dos grãos de híbridos simples de milho doce apropriados para consumo "in natura" e, também, pela indústria de milho verde em conserva. As sete linhagens foram selecionadas e fornecidas para o cruzamento dialélico pelo Programa de Melhoramento Genético da Universidade Estadual de Maringá, sendo obtidos os 21 híbridos simples. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos completos casualizados com quatro repetições. As características avaliadas no campo foram: altura de plantas, altura de inserção das espigas e massa das espigas sem palha (kg ha-1). As avaliações químicas realizadas foram: determinação de açúcares redutores e totais, amido, proteínas, extrato etéreo, fibras e cinzas. Para as análises estatísticas, foi utilizada a análise de variância e na comparação das médias foi utilizado o teste de agrupamento Scott- Knott (1974) com probabilidade mínima de 5%. Para a análise de combinação entre as linhagens genitoras e os híbridos simples obtidos (capacidade geral de combinação – CGC - e capacidade específica de combinação - CEC) foi utilizado o método 4 de Griffing e o modelo fixo (1956). Os resultados médios obtidos indicam que, para a avaliação da altura de plantas e espigas, não houve diferença significativa x (P>0,05), e para a composição química, houve diferença significativa (P<0,05) pelo teste de agrupamento de médias de Scott-Knott (1974) entre os híbridos avaliados. Na análise combinatória, as linhagens de milho doce que se destacaram para os cruzamentos realizados foram as linhagens L4 e L5. Os híbridos L4xL5 e L3xL7 são os mais indicados para produção, quando se objetiva a maior concentração de açúcares e menor teor de amido na composição.
Sweet corn (Zea mays L.) possesses wide versatility, besides adding value to the product. This corn type has been consumed ‘in natura’ in several countries, in form of cooked ears, or in frozen or canned grains. In Brazil, several agribusinesses foment the production and commercialization of canned sweet corn. Thus, its cultivation has been growing gradually, attracting the attention of green corn producers. The present paper has as objective to evaluate the agronomic characters, the quality and the chemical composition of the grains of sweet corn, simple hybrids, appropriate for consumption ‘in natura’, and the corn to be used in the green corn industry. Seven lineages were selected and supplied for the dialectic crossing by the Program of Genetics Improvement of the State University of Maringá, thus obtaining 21 simple hybrids. The experimental outlining occurred by using complete randomized blocks with four replications. The characteristics appraised in the cultivars were: height of plants, height of ear insertion and mass of corn ears, without straw (kg ha-1). The chemical evaluations carried out were the ones regarding: determination of reducer and total sugars, starch, proteins, ethereal extract, fibers and ashes. Variance analysis was used for the statistical analyses, whereas Scott-Knott cluster test (1974) was used in the comparison of averages, with a minimum probability of 5%. For the combining analysis, between the genitor lineages and the simple hybrids obtained (usual combination capacity - UCC - and specific combination capacity - SCC), both, method 4 and the fixed model by Griffing (1956) were used. The average results obtained showed that there was no significant difference when the evaluating the height of plants and corns ears (P>0.05), but on xii the other hand, of chemical composition showed significant difference (P<0.05) in the test regarding average clustering, by Scott-Knott (1974) for the hybrids appraised. But L4 and L5 sweet corn lineages were the ones highlighted for the crossings accomplished in the combining analysis. Both, L4xL5 and L3xL7 hybrids were the most suitable for production, when aiming at obtaining the largest concentration of sugars, together with the smallest content of starch, in its compound.
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Jabalameli, Morteza. "The Effect of Black Plastic Mulch Alone and in Combination with Various Types of Plastic Row Covers on Production of Sweet Corn." DigitalCommons@USU, 1992. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6938.
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The effects of black polyethylene (PE) mulch alone and in combination with plastic film tunnels (Agronet, Reemay, whiteperforated, clear, and clear-slitted) were studied on morphology and yield of sweet corn in North Logan, Utah. Yields of "Miracle" sweet corn (Zea mays L.) were increased significantly by using black PE mulch and with a combination of various types of plastic row covers, as compared to unmulched soil. Standard-growth analysis procedures were conducted to verify responses among treatments. Treatment effects were determined by measuring days to first flowering, ear weight, number of side tillers, cob length, cob circumference, cob fill length, number of rows, and number of kernels missing per cob. Leaf area, plant height, and total shoot dry mass were significantly larger for mulched than for unmulched plants.
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Ferreira, Adriano Cesar. "Condicionamento fisiológico, fitorreguladores e qualidade de sementes de milho-doce /." Jaboticabal : [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/96869.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Roberval Daiton VieiraBanca: Ana Dionisia da Luz Coelho Novembre
Banca: Claudio Cavariani
Resumo: As sementes de milho-doce apresentam a espessura reduzida do pericarpo e maior quantidade de açúcares no endosperma e estas características tornam-nas mais suscetíveis aos danos mecânicos, à entrada e proliferação de patógenos e à deterioração, quando comparadas às de milho comum. Assim, as sementes de milho-doce apresentam menor longevidade no armazenamento e baixo desempenho em campo. O condicionamento fisiológico de sementes e o uso de fitorreguladores podem ser utilizados como técnicas para melhorar o desempenho de sementes. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos do condicionamento fisiológico, de fitorreguladores e do armazenamento no desempenho de sementes de milho-doce. Os seguintes tratamentos foram aplicados às sementes: tratamento 1 - sem condicionamento fisiológico; tratamento 2 - com condicionamento fisiológico; tratamento 3 - com condicionamento fisiológico + auxina (50 ppm); tratamento 4 - com condicionamento fisiológico + ácido giberélico (50 ppm) e tratamento 5 - com condicionamento fisiológico + auxina (50 ppm) + ácido giberélico (50 ppm). As sementes foram armazenadas em câmara fria com temperatura de 10 ºC ±1 ºC e umidade relativa do ar de 50% ±5% durante quatro meses. Imediatamente após o condicionamento fisiológico e após quatro meses, foram utilizados os testes de teor de água, teste de germinação, teste de envelhecimento acelerado, teste de frio com solo, teste de condutividade elétrica e teste de emergência de plântulas para avaliar o ensaio. O condicionamento fisiológico com e sem fitorreguladores não teve efeito sobre a germinação e o vigor de sementes de milho-doce, permitindo concluir que estas técnicas não tiveram efeitos positivos na qualidade das sementes de milho-doce nas condições do ensaio
Abstract: The seeds of sweet corn have reduced the thickness of the pericarp and higher amount of sugars in the endosperm and these characteristics make them more susceptible to mechanical damage at the entrance and proliferation of pathogens and the deterioration when compared to normal corn. Thus the seeds of sweet corn in storage have reduced longevity and poor performance on the field. Priming and the growth regulators can be used as techniques to improve the performance of seeds. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of priming, growth regulators and storage on sweet corn performance. The following treatments were applied to seeds: treatment 1 - no priming; treatment 2 - priming; treatment 3 - priming + auxin (50 ppm); treatment 4 - priming + gibberellic acid (50 ppm) and treatment 5 - priming + auxin (50 ppm) + gibberellic acid (50 ppm). The seeds were stored in cold chamber with temperature of 10 ºC ± 1 ºC and relative humidity of 50% ± 5% for four months. Immediately after the priming and after four months, were used the water content test, germination test, accelerated aging, cold test with soil, electrical conductivity test and seedling emergency test to evaluate the assay. The priming with and without growth regulators had no effect on germination and seed vigor of sweet corn, the report concludes that these techniques did not have positive effects on quality of sweet corn seeds in the assay conditions
Mestre
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Souza, Mara Lúcia Cruz de 1993. "Parâmetros fisiológicos do cultivo de milho doce sob influência da deficiência hídrica /." Botucatu, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/157144.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Fernando BroettoBanca: Roberto Lyra Villas Bôas
Banca: Marcelo Leonardo
Resumo: A deficiência hídrica é uma modalidade de estresse físico que afeta o desenvolvimento de diversas culturas agrícolas, causando impactos sociais e econômicos em regiões com baixa disponibilidade hídrica. Diversas pesquisas vêm trazendo como principal foco o estudo da deficiência hídrica na cultura do milho em épocas consideradas críticas a escassez hídrica. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o comportamento fisiológico e bioquímico de plantas de milho doce sob deficiência durante o estádio vegetativo. A hipótese principal é que as plantas de milho produzirão respostas fisiológicas interativas, no sentido de minorar o impacto dos tratamentos aplicados. O experimento foi conduzido em ambiente protegido em vasos 30L, irrigados via gotejamento, sob delineamento em blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial (3x3) sendo três lâminas de irrigação e três épocas de avaliação em parcelas subdivididas. Os tratamentos foram delimitados com objetivo de simular três níveis de deficiência hídrica (DH): T1 (Tratamento controle) - conduzidos dentro da faixa de umidade ótima para a cultura do milho até o final do ensaio (Tensão de 10 KPa); T2 (Deficiência hídrica moderada-DHM) - Plantas mantidas em tensão mínima de 50 KPa - e T3 (Deficiência hídrica severa-DHS) - Plantas mantidas sob tensão mínima de 70 KPa. As avaliações foram divididas em três épocas durante a imposição do estresse, visando monitorar alterações fisiológicas e bioquímicas das plantas, aos 45, 52 e 59 DAE. Cada tratamento f... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Water deficiency (WD) is a form of physical stress that affects the development of several agricultural crops, causing social and economic impacts in regions with low water availability. Several researches have been focusing on the study of water deficiency in maize crop in phenological stages critical to water scarcity. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the physiological and biochemical responses of sweet corn plants growing under water deficiency during the vegetative stage. The main hypothesis is that corn plants will produce interactive physiological responses, in order to reduce the impact of applied treatments. The experiment was conducted in protected environment in 30 L pots, irrigated via drip irrigation, under a randomized block design in a factorial scheme (3 x 3), three irrigation levels and three evaluation periods in subdivided plots. The treatments were delimited with the objective of simulating three levels of water deficiency: T1- Control (10 KPa) - conducted within the optimum humidity range for the maize crop until the end of the experiment; T2- Moderate water deficiency (50 KPa) and T3- Severe water deficiency (70 KPa). The evaluations were divided in three seasons during the imposition of stress treatments, aiming to monitor the physiological and biochemical changes of the plants at 45, 52 and 59 DAE (days after seed emergence). Each treatment was composed of 4 replicates and the soil moisture was monitored by tensiometry, maintaining the vessels in field capacity until the beginning of the treatments. When the plants entered the V7 stage, the proposed treatments with water deficiency were started. At this stage, the first collection (E1) was performed to analyze different parameters, which consisted of the initial point of evaluations. Under moderate and severe WD there were alterations of the main physiological and biochemical parameters. The growth and biomass ...
Mestre
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Coimbra, Rogério de Andrade [UNESP]. "Teste de envelhecimento acelerado em sementes de milho-doce (sh2)." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/99925.
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O milho-doce difere do milho comum quanto ao elevado teor de açúcares acumulados no endosperma e menor espessura do pericarpo. Esses fatores contribuem para os baixos índices de germinação e vigor apresentados por suas sementes e para uma resposta distinta a do milho comum aos testes de vigor utilizados. Com o objetivo de verificar a eficiência do teste de envelhecimento acelerado, e suas variações, para a avaliação da qualidade de sementes de milho-doce, dez lotes do híbrido de milho-doce DO-04 shrunken- 2 (sh2), foram submetidos às seguintes avaliações: teste de envelhecimento acelerado na temperatura de 42°C em água destilada (100% UR), solução saturada de cloreto de potássio (87% UR) e solução saturada de cloreto de sódio (76% UR), avaliando-se quatro períodos de exposição (24, 48, 72 e 96 horas), teor de água, germinação, primeira contagem da germinação, precocidade de emissão de raiz primária, emergência de plântulas em campo, teste de frio e condutividade elétrica. Após essas avaliações amostras dos dez lotes de sementes foram armazenadas por dezesseis meses e em intervalos quadrimestrais foram avaliadas quanto à germinação e a emergência das plântulas em campo. O delineamento experimental empregado foi o inteiramente casualizado, com a comparação das médias realizada por meio do teste Tukey, a 5% de significância. 2 Os resultados permitiram concluir que os testes de envelhecimento acelerado por 48 e 72 horas com água destilada, por 72 e 96 horas com solução salina de cloreto de potássio e por 96 horas com solução salina de cloreto de sódio, avaliados em conjunto com os testes de germinação, precocidade de emissão da raiz primária e condutividade elétrica mostram-se promissores na avaliação da qualidade das sementes de milho-doce (sh2).
Sweet corn differs from the usual one concerning the high level of sugar accumulated in endosperm and a lower pericarp thickness. These characteristics contribute to lower germination rates and vigor shown by its seeds and to a specific response of usual corn to vigor tests used. Aimed at verifying the efficiency of accelerated aging test, and their variations, for the quality evaluation of sweet-corn, ten lots of DO-04 shrunken-2 (sh2) hybrid sweet corn seeds were subjected to the following evaluations: accelerated aging test under 42°C in distilled water (100% UR), potassium chloride saturated solution (87% UR) and sodium chloride saturated solution (76% UR), evaluating four exposition periods (24, 48, 72 and 96 hours), seed water content, standard germination, first counting, earliness of primary root emission, field seedlings emergency, cold test and electrical conductivity. After those evaluations seed samples of ten lots they were stored by sixteen months and in intervals of four months they were evaluated as standard germination and field seedlings emergency. The experimental design used was totally randomized where comparison between medians of lots was performed by Tukey test, at 5% of significance. Results concluded that accelerated aging tests with water for 48 and 72 hours, with potassium chloride saline solution for 72 and 96 hours and sodium chloride for 96 hours evaluated together with standard germination, earliness of primary root emission and electrical conductivity they are show promising in quality evaluation of sweet corn seeds (sh2).
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Coimbra, Rogério de Andrade 1977. "Teste de envelhecimento acelerado em sementes de milho-doce (sh2) /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/99925.
Full textAbstract:
Resumo: O milho-doce difere do milho comum quanto ao elevado teor de açúcares acumulados no endosperma e menor espessura do pericarpo. Esses fatores contribuem para os baixos índices de germinação e vigor apresentados por suas sementes e para uma resposta distinta a do milho comum aos testes de vigor utilizados. Com o objetivo de verificar a eficiência do teste de envelhecimento acelerado, e suas variações, para a avaliação da qualidade de sementes de milho-doce, dez lotes do híbrido de milho-doce DO-04 shrunken- 2 (sh2), foram submetidos às seguintes avaliações: teste de envelhecimento acelerado na temperatura de 42°C em água destilada (100% UR), solução saturada de cloreto de potássio (87% UR) e solução saturada de cloreto de sódio (76% UR), avaliando-se quatro períodos de exposição (24, 48, 72 e 96 horas), teor de água, germinação, primeira contagem da germinação, precocidade de emissão de raiz primária, emergência de plântulas em campo, teste de frio e condutividade elétrica. Após essas avaliações amostras dos dez lotes de sementes foram armazenadas por dezesseis meses e em intervalos quadrimestrais foram avaliadas quanto à germinação e a emergência das plântulas em campo. O delineamento experimental empregado foi o inteiramente casualizado, com a comparação das médias realizada por meio do teste Tukey, a 5% de significância. 2 Os resultados permitiram concluir que os testes de envelhecimento acelerado por 48 e 72 horas com água destilada, por 72 e 96 horas com solução salina de cloreto de potássio e por 96 horas com solução salina de cloreto de sódio, avaliados em conjunto com os testes de germinação, precocidade de emissão da raiz primária e condutividade elétrica mostram-se promissores na avaliação da qualidade das sementes de milho-doce (sh2).Abstract: Sweet corn differs from the usual one concerning the high level of sugar accumulated in endosperm and a lower pericarp thickness. These characteristics contribute to lower germination rates and vigor shown by its seeds and to a specific response of usual corn to vigor tests used. Aimed at verifying the efficiency of accelerated aging test, and their variations, for the quality evaluation of sweet-corn, ten lots of DO-04 shrunken-2 (sh2) hybrid sweet corn seeds were subjected to the following evaluations: accelerated aging test under 42°C in distilled water (100% UR), potassium chloride saturated solution (87% UR) and sodium chloride saturated solution (76% UR), evaluating four exposition periods (24, 48, 72 and 96 hours), seed water content, standard germination, first counting, earliness of primary root emission, field seedlings emergency, cold test and electrical conductivity. After those evaluations seed samples of ten lots they were stored by sixteen months and in intervals of four months they were evaluated as standard germination and field seedlings emergency. The experimental design used was totally randomized where comparison between medians of lots was performed by Tukey test, at 5% of significance. Results concluded that accelerated aging tests with water for 48 and 72 hours, with potassium chloride saline solution for 72 and 96 hours and sodium chloride for 96 hours evaluated together with standard germination, earliness of primary root emission and electrical conductivity they are show promising in quality evaluation of sweet corn seeds (sh2).
Orientador: Cibele Chalita Martins
Coorientador: Sívio José Bicudo
Banca: João Nakagawa
Banca: Marco Eustáquio de Sá
Banca: Claudemir Zucareli
Banca: Ana D. L. Coelho Novembre
Doutor