Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Cornée – Cultures et milieux de culture'
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Le, Bel Gaëtan. "Impact d'une couche nourricière humaine et du temps post-mortem sur la culture de cellules cornéennes humaines." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/70367.
Full textBecause of the worldwide shortage of graftable corneas used to treat corneal pathlogies, alternatives to restore visual impairments, such as the production of a human cornea tissues by tissue engineering, have been considered. To treat injuries affecting the corneal epithelium, such as limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD), the corneal equivalent must have an epithelium able to self-renewal allowing healing of the patient's corneal epithelium after the transplantation. To culture human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) in vitro, the use of a feeder layer is necessary so as to maintain the subpopulation of corneal stem cells, which is essential for the proper proliferation of these cells. Therefore, the culture conditions must allow the maintenance of the stem phenotype of these cells, while promoting their proliferation and delaying their terminal differentiation. Other parameters, such as the post-mortem interval of the corneal tissue from which the cultured HCECs are derived, can influence the success of the culture. It is therefore important to characterize the cultures of HCECs in order to optimize the success of a transplant, namely, when these cells are transplanted in order to regenerate the injured corneal epithelium of a patient. The work presented in this thesis demonstrates that the co-culture of HCECs with a murine feeder layer resulted in a significant increase in the expression and the binding to DNA of NFI. This was shown to be caused by strong expression of the NFI-B isoform with increased stability due to hyper-glycosylation. The preservation of the NFI-B isoform with cellular passages was correlated with a faster differentiation of the HCECs in culture. This work also shows that the effect of this murine feeder layer on the expression levels and the DNA binding capacity of the transcription factors Sp1 and NFI was confirmed in another cell type. Indeed, the co-culture of human corneal endothelial cells with the murine feeder layer also caused a significant increase in the expression and binding to DNA of NFI. In this study, this was associated with an improvement in the morphology of human corneal endothelial cells. This work also showed that post-mortem interval could have a negative influence on the proliferation of HCECs and on the maintenance of stem cells during monolayer cultures. When the same cell populations were used to reconstruct a human cornea with tissue engineering, the healing capacity of the reconstructed corneal epithelia was decreased by the increase in post-mortem interval. This was notably validated by a study of the transcriptome of these cell populations by DNA microarray. It has also been shown that a graft reconstructed with HCECs co-cultivated with human feeder layer has enabled to heal the corneal surface an eye with LSCD. These different results highlight that the use of a human feeder layer for culture, associated with a short post-mortem interval of the donor tissues, is to be favoured in order to promote a good in vitro proliferation of HCECs cultivated in monolayer.
Uwamaliya, Jeanne d'Arc. "Reconstruction d'une cornée humaine par la méthode d'autoassemblage à partir des trois types de cellules." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/21141.
Full textGain, Philippe. "Etude de l'apoptose de la cellule endothéliale cornéenne humaine en vue de l'amélioration de la qualité des techniques de conservation des greffons." Saint-Etienne, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001STET003T.
Full textDeb-Joardar, Nilanjana. "Contribution à l'amélioration du contrôle de qualité des cornées conservées en organoculture." Saint-Etienne, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006STET005T.
Full textCarrier, Patrick. "Reconstruction in vitro de cornées humaines par génie tissulaire : étude de la variabilité des cellules épithéliales de cornées humaines en culture primaire, de la réépithélialisation cornéenne et du rôle des fibroblastes dans la différenciation et la stratification des cellules épithéliales." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23717/23717.pdf.
Full textGiroux-Talbot, Mariève. "Étude de la guérison d'une déficience en cellules souches dans la cornée de lapin à l'aide de cellules épithéliales cultivées sur un gel de fibrine." Thesis, Université Laval, 2004. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2004/21682/21682.pdf.
Full textInscrite au Tableau d'honneur de la Faculté des études supérieures
Beaulieu, Leclerc Véronique. "Optimisation des conditions de culture des cellules endothéliales cornéennes humaines par l'utilisation du facteur de croissance transformant β-1 (TGF-β1) dans une culture à deux phases." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27584.
Full textBackground: Human corneal endothelial cells (HCEC) easily become fibroblastic when cultured, rendering them unsuitable for tissue engineering of the cornea. Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) could be a key factor in this phenomenon; however, it is also known to maintain the endothelium in a quiescent state in vivo. Purpose: To compare the effects of TGF-β1 on HCEC’s phenotype during either the proliferation or the maturation phase of the cultures and optimize culture conditions for HCECs. Morphology, functionality markers, trans-endothelial resistance and permeability of the cultures were analyzed at confluency (proliferation phase) and after the post-confluence maturation phase. Results: Adding TGF-β1 during proliferation produced fibroblastic HCECs and loss of the cell junction’s markers, independently from the presence of EGF. On contrast, during the maturation phase, HCECs had an endothelial phenotype and functional cell junctions. They produced a high trans-endothelial resistance and a low permeability. Overall, results show that TGF-β1 promotes formation of a typical leaky endothelial barrier during the maturation phase of cultured HCECs, thus approaching the physiological properties of in vivo HCECs.
Audet, Caroline. "Optimisation des conditions de culture des cellules endothéliales cornéennes félines pour la reconstruction d'un endothélium cornéen autologue." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27172/27172.pdf.
Full textRoy, Olivier. "Optimisation des conditions de culture de l'endothélium cornéen humain : effets de la pression hydrostatique et de l'antagonisme de la transition endothélio-mésenchymateuse sur la fonctionnalité des cellules endothéliales cornéennes humaines in vitro." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25626.
Full textBackground: Cultured human corneal endothelial cells (HCEC) often adopt a fibroblastic-like morphology [endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)], making them unusable in tissue engineering due to the associated loss of function. Purpose: In agreement with previous work from our laboratory and scientific literature, we separately investigated the effects of culture under physiological hydrostatic pressure (18 mmHg) and the antagonism of EMT on HCEC functionality. Methods: First, seeding HCEC on decellularized corneal stromas and culture in an artificial anterior chamber allowed to submit HCEC to hydrostatic pressure. Second, the following putative EMT antagonists agents were studied: SB431542, dexamethasone and BMP-7. Results: Physiological hydrostatic pressure and EMT antagonism by SB431542 and dexamethasone are effective ways to maintain and improve HCEC functionality in vitro.
Maury, Florence. "Étude des conditions de culture in vitro des tissus cornéens et application à l'évaluation de biomatériaux ophtalmiques." Compiègne, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991COMPD413.
Full textHa, Thi Binh Minh. "Contributions à l'étude des méthodes de production de masse des cellules endothéliales cornéennes humaines." Thesis, Saint-Etienne, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STET001T/document.
Full textCorneal endothelial engineering is becoming a more and more realistic solution to restore vision from corneal edema. This method focus to regenerate corneal endothelium by direct injection of corneal endothelial cells (ECs) into patient anterior chamber at the early stage of endothelial dystrophies, or by grafting a transparent biocompatible material covered by a monolayer of ECs. These two techniques require both in vitro isolation and amplification of ECs or endothelial-like cells. In this thesis, different strategies to obtain a high quantity of functional ECs for clinical application are explored: 1- Due to the limit proliferative capacity of EC, the first strategy consists to analyze mechanisms implicated EC cell cycle arrest and then to optimize protocol for native EC isolation or for cell proliferation activation ex vivo. This is summarized in three publications. The first publication describes the cell cycle regulation by comparing transcriptional expression of 112 genes in 6 biological models of EC with different proliferative profile: in vivo, postmortem, organ-culture, confluent primary culture, non confluent primary culture and immortalized cell line. , The key molecular actors identified using the combining microarray analysis and gene ontology methods are consistent with previous findings about oxidative DNA damage mechanism. The second publication characterizes EC differentiation process and its impact on EC proliferative capacity in old donor corneas. Analyses of differentiation/progenitor markers and of proliferative capacity underline the differentiation process of EC from the centre to the peripheral corneal endothelium. Thereby, an optimized culture protocol was developed, allowing the formation of high-density monolayer (> 2000 cells/mm2) with stable endothelial morphology. We proved the possibility to make profit from a majority of old-donor cornea grafts invalidated for penetrating graft In the third publication, the activation of endothelial cell cycle by electric pulses directly in corneal graft was characterized. We confirm the activation of endothelial cell cycle at different phases but also the damage of tissue during electroporation. 2- Second strategy consists of the amplification of ECs from potential EC progenitors. Using sphere forming culture and a new method to detect slow-cycling cells, we demonstrate the existence of "young" ECs population with higher proliferative capacity in corneal periphery. The isolation of ECs by sphere formation is one possible step for ECs selection in vitro. 3- The differentiation of embryonic stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells or induced pluripotent stem cells into corneal endothelial cells is the third approach considered by our laboratory. The manipulation of stem cells differentiation would be based on the molecular mechanisms implicated in the formation of corneal endothelium from periocular mesenchymal cells described in the first part of the bibliography. Finally, in order to validate the quality of endothelial cell mass obtained, we revisited recent methods for the evaluation of corneal endothelial identity (immunolocalisation of specific markers), for the measurement of pump activity of cell monolayer (Ussing chamber, perfusion chamber) or directly in deswelled cornea using the bioreactor patented by the BiiGC laboratory
Garcin, Thibaud. "Contribution à l'évolution d'un bioréacteur destiné à la recherche préclinique cornéenne et la conservation des greffons." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSES055.
Full textCorneal transplantation has undergone several changes, from the legislative framework of the retrieval activity to the indications & the surgical techniques. The historic fresh allograft has given way to eye banking which allows quality and safety controls during the storage of corneal grafts. Hypothermia at 4°C or organoculture, two diametrically opposed passive conservation worlds, have coexisted for almost 50 years, without being able to provide an optimal solution for patients. In a context of growing graft needs and an already significant global shortage, the BiiGC laboratory proposed a breakthrough : an active storage thanks to a corneal bioreactor.Our thesis work has different aims : 1/ to present the state of the art of the corneal transplant chain ; 2/ to describe our contribution to the evolution of this bioreactor or active storage machine, compared to the gold standard organoculture, over 1 month then over 3 months, demonstrating on a large preclinical series of human corneal pairs the major contribution of the bioreactor to eye banking: more grafts available, better tissue quality and greater logistical flexibility for the eyebanks. The industrialization of our device thus makes sense. The bioreactor maintining a corneal state in vivo-like for up to 3 months, opens the field of possibilities for preclinical use ; 3/ to report the new and specific activity carried out by the coordinators, with a major dual role for the transplant activity, and the preclinical research thanks to targeted donation allowing experiments with fresh corneas comparable to those transplanted
Jouishomme, Hervé. "Culture de lymphocytes et de monocytes humains en milieu défini." Lyon 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LYO1T091.
Full textRobert, Fabienne. "Aspects ultrastructuraux et neurochimiques des astrocytes et des neurones en culture : influence des antibiotiques." Orléans, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ORLE2034.
Full textSaleil, Véronique. "Développement "in vitro" des apex isolés à partir de deux espèces d'igname, Dioscorea alata et Dioscorea trifida." Montpellier 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986MON20091.
Full textEl, Kouhen Rachid. "Colicine N et porine OmpF, un dialogue dynamique." Aix-Marseille 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX11035.
Full textLe, Marrec-Croq Françoise. "Etablissement de cultures primaires de cellules de bivalves marins." Brest, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BRES2031.
Full textEsclatine, Audrey. "Interactions du cytomegalovirus humain avec des cellules épithéliales intestinales en culture." Paris 11, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA114814.
Full textMassart, Catherine. "Culture de thyrocytes humains en monocouches et en follicules : Aspects fondamentaux et appliqués." Rennes 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988REN1B003.
Full textChabert, Philippe. "Production d'anticorps monoclonaux par culture cellulaire : applications industrielles." Lyon 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LYO10128.
Full textDjigo, Aïcha Dede. "Caractérisation de substituts choroïdiens reconstruits par génie tissulaire." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28145.
Full textLa choroïde est une couche richement vascularisée assurant la nutrition des photorécepteurs. Les échanges avec ces derniers sont contrôlés par l’épithélium pigmentaire rétinien (EPR), la couche externe de la rétine reposant sur la choroïde. La perte de l’intégrité de l’étroite interaction entre l’EPR et la choroïde est à l’origine de la dégénérescence maculaire liée à l’âge (DMLA), l’une des principales causes de cécité dans le monde. C’est une maladie complexe qui implique autant des facteurs de risque génétiques qu’environnementaux. Dans cette étude, nous avons reconstruit un stroma choroïdien par génie tissulaire qui servirait à étudier les interactions cellules choroïdiennes - cellules choroïdiennes et/ou cellules choroïdiennes - cellules de l’EPR. Il pourrait aussi servir comme tissu de remplacement lors d’une greffe, un traitement prometteur pour la DMLA. Nous avons d’abord isolé l’EPR et les cellules choroïdiennes à partir de globes de donneurs décédés. Puis, en utilisant la méthode d’auto-assemblage du génie tissulaire, les fibroblastes de la choroïde ont déposé des fibrilles de collagène pour former un feuillet de matrice extracellulaire dont la composition et les propriétés biomécaniques ont ensuite été caractérisées. Les analyses par spectrométrie de masse, immunomarquages, microscopie électronique à balayage et colorations histologiques ont démontré que la composition matricielle des stromas choroïdiens reconstruits (SCR) était semblable au tissu natif. Leurs propriétés biomécaniques ressemblaient également à celles de la choroïde native selon les mesures comparatives d’élasticité, de déformation et de résistance à la traction. Nous avons finalement ensemencé de l’EPR, des cellules endothéliales et des mélanocytes choroïdiens sur/dans les SCR. Ces cellules se sont bien intégrées sur ces derniers et ont adopté une morphologie et un aspect histologique retrouvés in vivo. Nos substituts choroïdiens miment donc les propriétés structurales du microenvironnement dans lequel résident les cellules choroïdiennes de même que plusieurs de ses caractéristiques fonctionnelles.
The choroid is a richly vascularized layer supplying oxygen and nutrients to the photoreceptors. The exchanges are regulated by the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), the outermost layer of the retina that lies between the neural retina and the choroid. The loss of the normal interaction between the RPE and the choroid is central to the development of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), one of the leading causes of blindness worldwide. AMD is a complex disease involving both genetic and environmental risk factors. In this study, we have engineered a choroidal substitute which could be used in order to study choroidal cells - choroidal cells and/or choroidal cells - RPE interactions as well as serve as replacement tissues in a graft, a promising treatment for AMD. We first isolated RPE and choroidal cells from deceased donor eyes. Then, using the self-assembly approach of tissue engineering, choroidal fibroblasts accumulated collagen fibrils that produced sheets of extracellular matrix whose composition and biomechanical properties were characterized next. Several analyses, such as mass spectrometry, immunostainings, scanning electron microscopy and histological stainings, revealed that the extracellular matrix composition of the tissue-engineered (TE) choroidal stromas was similar to the native tissue. Furthermore, their biomechanical properties were akin to those of the native choroid according to the comparative measurements of elasticity, strain and ultimate tensile strength. Finally, RPE, endothelial cells and choroidal melanocytes were seeded onto the TE choroidal stromas. The cells repopulated the stroma and adopted a morphology and a histological appearance similar to in vivo. Our choroidal substitutes thus recaptured the structural properties of the microenvironment in which choroidal cells reside as well as several of its functional characteristics.
Baut, François. "Caractérisation de milieux cellulaires par fluorescence." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992INPL117N.
Full textBoucher, Éric. "Effets d'un dextran substitué sur la production de feuillets dermiques et du gel de fibrine sur la qualité des feuillets d'épidermes cultivés." Thesis, Université Laval, 2005. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2005/22531/22531.pdf.
Full textFossoyeux-Comte, Emmanuelle. "Culture de preadipocytes : méthodologie et intérêt." Bordeaux 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR2P112.
Full textMateos, Diaz Juan Carlos. "Nouveaux outils pour la biocatalyse : criblage, purification et caractérisation de lipases issues de champignons thermophiles." Aix-Marseille 2, 2005. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/NNT.pdf.
Full textHu, Jie. "Culture cellulaire sur des motifs micro et nanoscopiques préparés les méthodes lithographiques et non lithographiques." Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066315.
Full textBouhout, Sara. "Reconstruction d'un modèle vésical par génie tissulaire et caractérisation." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28390.
Full textThe purpose of the urinary tract is to ensure the evacuation of catabolic products in urine form. This function permits to preserve the equilibrium and consistency of the blood components (homeostasis). More precisely, the bladder is a watertight and compliant reservoir in charge of urine storage at low pressure, before its evacuation out of the organism. The bladder is subject to various pathologies, which could compromise its specific properties and damage the upper urinary tract. Therefore, the elaboration of a new reservoir is essential to collect the urine at low pressure. Surgical reconstruction is associated to significant complications, principally due to the lack of protection against urine, physiologically ensured by the highly specialized uro-eptithelium. Contrarily to the beginning of tissue engineering, cellular and molecular organizations are strongly considered nowadays. It is the reason why this discipline needs different matrices and host cells to reproduce a substitute conform to the original organ. But to date, no bioengineered models were able to completely overcome the limitations previously reported. The complexity of the vesical replacement remained a major challenge that led our team to research a more efficient bladder substitute. This project describes the approaches elaborated to achieve a vesical substitute comparable to the bladder mucosa. In addition, the structural and functional properties of our in vitro reconstructed models will be characterized with the use of different techniques. Based on our previous studies, several cellular types were isolated from the bladder wall, and then characterized in vitro. Using specific techniques of tissue-engineering, bladder mesenchymal and urothelial cells evolve in a three-dimensional culture to produce a tissue easy to handle. The maturation degree of our reconstructed models reached satisfactory characteristics to meet the need in the bladder regenerative field, and could led to better post-surgical results.
Steward, Nicolas. "Physiologie, cinétique et modélisation de cultures de cellules végétales en suspension : comparaison de cultures discontinues et continues : influences de l'environnement sur l'activité cellulaire." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPL026N.
Full textZaïbi, Mohamed Sghaïer. "Régulation de la sécrétion de protéines dans des cultures de cellules hépatiques de rat : effets de l'insuline et de la metformine sur celle de l'albumine, et de l'insuline et la dexaméthasone sur celle d'une protéine recombinante, l'hGH." Dijon, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993DIJOS070.
Full textGusdinar, Tutus. "Mise au point et validation pharmacologique d'une culture primaire de cellules de la muqueuse gastrique." Montpellier 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON13510.
Full textWaffo, Teguo Pierre. "Production de polyphénols du vin par culture de cellules de vitis vinifera : étude structurale et activités biologiques in vitro." Bordeaux 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR2B005.
Full textVallaeys, Tatiana. "Isolement d'une communauté microbienne dégradant l'acide 2,4-dichlorophénoxyacétique à partir d'un sol de Dijon : caractérisations cinétique et génétique des souches impliquées." Lille 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LIL10080.
Full textOturan, Nihal. "Interactions de cellules Rinm5f avec des polymères biofonctionnels dérivés du sephadex." Paris 13, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA132021.
Full textJean, Jessica. "Applications dermopharmaceutiques : développement d'un modèle de substituts cutanés psoriasiques par génie tissulaire." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/22724.
Full textLa méthode d'auto-assemblage permet la production de substituts cutanés sans matériel exogène. L'objectif principal de notre travail a été de modifier cette méthode originale afin de produire un nouveau modèle de substituts cutanés pathologiques fabriqués à partir de cellules psoriasiques. Dans un premier temps, des substituts sains ont été cultivés en présence et en absence de sérum de veau foetal dans le but d'optimiser les conditions de culture. Puis, des analyses histologiques, immunohistochimiques, de perméabilité et des propriétés physico-chimiques ont été réalisées. Les résultats obtenus ont permis de conclure que le retrait du sérum à partir de la culture à l'interface air-liquide ne cause aucun problème majeur au niveau de la différenciation épidermique, de la jonction dermo-épidermique, du derme et de la perméabilité des substituts. De plus, des analyses par spectroscopic infrarouge à transformée de Fourier ont permis d'observer que le retrait du sérum améliore même l'organisation lipidique pour trois des cinq populations cellulaires testées. Parallèlement à cette étude, des substituts psoriasiques ont été produits à partir de cellules psoriasiques dans le but de vérifier si ces derniers allaient permettre la conservation de ce phénotype en culture. Des analyses histologiques et immunohistochimiques ont été effectuées et ont permis d'observer que le phénotype psoriasique (hyperprolifération et différenciation anormale des kératinocytes) est en partie conservé dans les substituts pathologiques. De plus, lors d'un traitement à l'acide rétinoïque, ceux-ci réagissent de façon similaire à ce qui est observé dans les peaux psoriasiques in vivo. Finalement, des substituts produits à partir de cellules non lésionnelles ont été reconstruits pour vérifier s'il existait une différence entre les cellules lésionnelles et non lésionnelles d'un même patient. Les résultats ont permis d'observer que les cellules non lésionnelles ne sont pas totalement «normales» et qu'elles conservent en partie les caractéristiques du psoriasis. En conclusion, ce nouveau modèle de substituts cutanés pathologiques pourrait devenir un puissant outil dermopharmaceutique permettant de tester de nouveaux traitements pour vaincre le psoriasis.
Fabien, Nicole. "Cellules réticulo-épithéliales thymiques en culture : ultrastructure, marqueurs, hormones thymiques." Lyon 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LYO1T023.
Full textGauthier, Lydia. "Effets du sérum lors de la culture de substituts cutanés sains et psoriasiques." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27350/27350.pdf.
Full textMillecamps, Jean-Luc. "Sélection de chicorées "cichorium intybus l. Var Witloof" résistantes aux sulfonylurées par cultures cellulaires." Lille 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LIL10030.
Full textPostec, Anne. "Diversité de populations microbiennes thermophiles d'une cheminée hydrothermale océanique : cultures d'enrichissement en bioréacteur et isolement d'espèces nouvelles." Aix-Marseille 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AIX11049.
Full textHirel, Béatrice. "Kératinocytes humains adultes en culture : expression et modulation des marqueurs de différenciation et des enzymes de biotransformation des xénobiotiques." Rennes 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994REN1B026.
Full textWeber, Jean. "Etude des interactions symbiotiques entre Acacia mangium et ses partenaires fixateurs d'azote et mycorhiziens en culture aéroponique et autres systèmes." Nancy 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NAN10185.
Full textThe objective was to obtain Acacia mangium saplings associated with mycorrhizal and nitrogen-fixing partners in aeroponic culture. A new method for sticking AM inoculum on the root yielded high mycorrhization rates. Controlled N and P nutrition achieved optimal rates of nodulation, AM inoculation and P content in plants in the aeroponics. Contrary to soil culture, mycorrhization did not stimulate nodulation in the aeroponics. Previous nodulation limited endomycorrhizal development. Growth benefits of endomycorhization involved mechanisms that were not only linked to P nutrition. Thelephora ramarioides, a fungus associated to A. Mangium was isolated and described as ectomycorrhizal. T. Ramarioides improved P and N uptake within the root system in pot culture. T. Ramarioides did not associate with A. Mangium in the aeroponics and was out-competed by G. Intraradices in pot culture. Plantation trials of bare-root saplings confirmed the feasibility of using aeroponically grown saplings for field plantations
Ait-Abdelkader, Nadra. "Caractérisation des enzymes saccharolytiques de Zymomonas mobilis et de mutants déficients dans le métabolisme du glucose et du fructose." Aix-Marseille 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993AIX11048.
Full textEustache, Isabelle. "Le développement morphologique et fonctionnel des motoneurones craniens d'embryons de rat en culture organotypique avec co-culture musculaire : interactions morphologiques et fonctionnelles." Aix-Marseille 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX30084.
Full textMignot, Gérard. "Culture de la lignée cellulaire Vero dans des milieux synthétiques et chimiquement définis : application à la culture sur microsupports en biogénérateurs." Dijon, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988DIJOS035.
Full textChateau, Yannick. "Co-culture compartimentée de cellules épidermiques et cellules nerveuses : modèle d'étude des interactions neuro-cutanées." Brest, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BRES3108.
Full textThe skin through its innervation is the support of the fifth sense : the touch. Exogenous stimuli are recognized at the nerve endings which represent avaried population of cutaneous receptors. Cellular bodies of those nerve endings are located in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and connected at spinal cord by neurites The principal challenge to carry out a model for in vitro studies of the neuro-cutaneous interactions lies in the reproduction orme physiological continuation previously described (skin, neurons 0f the DRG, sensitive neurons of the spinal cord) and in the reconstruction of connections between epidermal cells and neurites of the pseudo-unipolar sensory neurons. This model must integrate in the same space all these components and allow the instatlation of connections between nervous cells and epidermal cells. This feature was not realised before with other “skin equivalent”. We have performed a model, integrating nervous cells (pseudo-unipolar sensory neurons, cells of the spinal cord and glial cells) and epidermal cells (keratinocytes, melanocytes and Merkel cells). We obtained a specifically directed growth of neurites, connections, synapse-like formation with both keratinocytes and Merkel cells. This co-culture allowed the survival of Merkel cells and the recording of an activity of the pseudo-unipolar sensory neurons. The originality of this model is thus to propose an in vitro co-culture of nervous oeIls md epidermal cells allowing their connections. These results open large perspectives from fundamental research to applied research in dermatology, as an alternative to the animal experimentation
Ouali, Tarak. "Culture d'Escherichia coli B et de Bacillus subtils en forte concentration cellulaire." Compiègne, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986COMPI238.
Full textFritayre, Pascale. "Culture de cellules atriales de coquille Saint-Jacques, Pecten maximus : valeur et limites du modèle. Applications en toxicologie." Brest, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BRES2015.
Full textIn this study, atrial cells primary cuture of the scallop, Pecten maximus was established. A monolayer culture can already be observed one week following the initial plating of either fresh or cryopreserved cells. Cell attachment was improved and was obtained faster when the cells were plated on marine substrate. Combined analytical techniques, tested in asynchronous cells and synchronised cells in transition G1/S, showed that about 15 % of plated cells are able to proliferate. The growth can be stimulated by supplementation of the medium with various factors but no permanent cell line have been obtained. Among adherent cells, the cardiomyocytes, characterized by both immunocytochemical and electrophysiological features (beta-adrenergic and muscarinic receptors), were able to spontaneously contract in vitro by using especially patch-clamp technique. One another kind of adherent cells, having structural similitaries with pericardial gland cells described to be important in the dexintoxication function, seems to be involved in biotransformation activities of phase I and II. Indeed, we have actually been able to stimulate these enzymatic activities by reference inductors and by some marine contaminants. Taken together, our cellular model demonstrate its potential for fundamental and applied bioessay research studies
Fregard, Florence. "Rôle des interactions hydrophobes et électrostatiques dans l'adhésion de bactéries méthanogènes aux matériaux de faible énergie de surface." Lille 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LIL10047.
Full textCarbonell, Delphine. "Étude de la détoxication des milieux de culture cellulaire : application à l'élimination de l'ammoniaque." Nancy 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NAN10171.
Full textCulard, Jean-François. "Etude des annexines de l'épiderme humain normal et reconstruit in vitro." Montpellier 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON11160.
Full textWang, Li. "Régulation de microenvironnement cellulaire par dispositifs microfluidiques et microstructuration de substrats." Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066189.
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