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Academic literature on the topic 'Cornée – Lésions et blessures – Aspect génétique'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cornée – Lésions et blessures – Aspect génétique"
Gaudreault, Manon. "Modulation de l'expression du gène encodant la sous-unité d'intégrine α6 durant la cicatrisation cornéenne." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/19463.
Full textButterworth, Jacqueline. "Les troubles visuels : de la génétique à la biologie cellulaire." Toulouse 3, 2011. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1179/.
Full textHigh myopia is a severe ametropia. A new genome-wide study was designed to identify the genes underlying the high myopia phenotype in the French Caucasian population. A new cohort was recruited but not sufficiently completed, thus requiring a mutli-step replication analysis that is still underway today. The identification of genes involved in myopia development is important for the understanding of the physiopathology of the disease. Myopia can be treated by refractive error surgery that remodels the cornea. An average of 1. 75% of patients operated develop corneal stromal opacities. The mechanisms underlying the normal corneal stromal wound response are still elusive. We investigated the phenotype of cells involved in stromal wound repair using a mouse model of full thickness corneal incision wounding. For the first time in vivo we suggest the localisation of a stromal progenitor pool that expands in response to corneal wounding. We also demonstrate that adult keratocyte cells in the in vivo wounded stroma could revert back to their embryonic cell phenotype, indicating that these cells could be relatively plastic. These results give insights into novel cell phenotypes in the wounded stroma with potential roles in stromal repair and opacity formation that require further investigation
Lake, Jennifer. "Modulation de l'expression du gène de la sous-unité a5 de l'intégrine a5B1 par les composantes de la matrice extracellulaire durant la cicatrisation de l'épithélium cornéen." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26193.
Full textUpon corneal injury, it is the massive secretion of fibronectin (FN) that characterizes the very first changes occurring in the basement membrane (BM) while in the meantime laminin (LM) and collagens (mostly type IV) temporarily disappear and then sequentially reappear once the denuded corneal area is completely covered. The FN binding integrin α5β1 plays a major role in corneal wound healing by promoting epithelial cell adhesion and migration over the temporary FN matrix. Over the past few years, our laboratory investigated the mechanisms by which the extracellular matrix (ECM) components may alter the expression of the α5 integrin subunit gene during corneal wound healing. While FN was found to positively regulate the expression of the α5 gene promoter, LM surprisingly repressed its transcription in rabbit corneal epithelial cells. However, the individual influences of collagens, or the combinatorial influence of a more complex tissue-engineered ECM had yet to be determined. In this thesis, we demonstrated that the reconstructed ECM, which is enriched in several types of collagens and FN, exerts a positive influence on the expression of the α5 gene in human corneal epithelial cells as a result of alterations in the expression and DNA binding of the transcription factors NFI, Sp1, AP-1 and Pax-6. On the other hand, collagens most usually acted negatively on the expression of the α5 integrin gene in corneal epithelial cells (CECs). One can then speculate that a particularly important function of the corneal BM collagens would consist to inform CECs that cell migration is no longer required, allowing them to differentiate vertically into suprabasal epithelial cells. We also demonstrated that a 300 bp conserved 5’-distal region present in the α3, α5, α9 and αv integrin subunit gene promoter sequences contains several target sites for positive and negative transcription factors that may prove important for fine-tuned regulation of α5 gene transcription. In addition, the ECM components also cause important changes in the expression of other genes, such as those encoding matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and various ECM components.
Senegas, Xavier. "Sténose du canal cervical chez le rugbyman." Bordeaux 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BOR2M226.
Full textHamoui, Samar. "Etude d'un modèle lésionnel du noyau basal magnocellulaire chez le rat et développement d'une méthode de quantification de l'ARN m par PCR." Bordeaux 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR28253.
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