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Journal articles on the topic 'Corneociti'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 21 February 2023

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1

Sjövall, Peter, Sebastien Gregoire, William Wargniez, Lisa Skedung, and Gustavo S. Luengo. "3D Molecular Imaging of Stratum Corneum by Mass Spectrometry Suggests Distinct Distribution of Cholesteryl Esters Compared to Other Skin Lipids." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 22 (November 9, 2022): 13799. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232213799.

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The crucial barrier properties of the stratum corneum (SC) depend critically on the design and integrity of its layered molecular structure. However, analysis methods capable of spatially resolved molecular characterization of the SC are scarce and fraught with severe limitations, e.g., regarding molecular specificity or spatial resolution. Here, we used 3D time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry to characterize the spatial distribution of skin lipids in corneocyte multilayer squams obtained by tape stripping. Depth profiles of specific skin lipids display an oscillatory behavior that is consistent with successive monitoring of individual lipid and corneocyte layers of the SC structure. Whereas the most common skin lipids, i.e., ceramides, C24:0 and C26:0 fatty acids and cholesteryl sulfate, are similarly organized, a distinct 3D distribution was observed for cholesteryl oleate, suggesting a different localization of cholesteryl esters compared to the lipid matrix separating the corneocyte layers. The possibility to monitor the composition and spatial distribution of endogenous lipids as well as active drug and cosmetic substances in individual lipid and corneocyte layers has the potential to provide important contributions to the basic understanding of barrier function and penetration in the SC.

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2

Rice, Robert H., Brett R. Winters, Blythe P. Durbin-Johnson, and David M. Rocke. "Chicken Corneocyte Cross-Linked Proteome." Journal of Proteome Research 12, no. 2 (January 4, 2013): 771–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/pr301036k.

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3

Odland, George F. "Use of the Term “Corneocyte”." Journal of Investigative Dermatology 89, no. 4 (October 1987): 436. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1523-1747.ep12471920.

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4

Chapman, S. J., A. Walsh, S. M. Jackson, and P. S. Friedmann. "Lipids, proteins and corneocyte adhesion." Archives of Dermatological Research 283, no. 3 (May 1991): 167–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00372057.

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5

ISHIDA-YAMAMOTO, Akemi, Satomi IGAWA, and Mari KISHIBE. "Order and disorder in corneocyte adhesion." Journal of Dermatology 38, no. 7 (May 4, 2011): 645–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1346-8138.2011.01227.x.

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6

Riethmüller, Christoph. "Assessing the skin barrier via corneocyte morphometry." Experimental Dermatology 27, no. 8 (August 2018): 923–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/exd.13741.

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7

Swartzendruber, D. C., D. J. Kitko, P. W. Wertz, K. C. Madison, and D. T. Downing. "Isolation of corneocyte envelopes from porcine epidermis." Archives of Dermatological Research 280, no. 7 (November 1988): 424–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00429982.

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8

Fischer, Heinz, Leopold Eckhart, Michael Mildner, Karin Jaeger, Maria Buchberger, Minoo Ghannadan, and Erwin Tschachler. "DNase1L2 Degrades Nuclear DNA during Corneocyte Formation." Journal of Investigative Dermatology 127, no. 1 (January 2007): 24–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jid.5700503.

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9

Rice, Robert H., Blythe P. Durbin-Johnson, Selena M. Mann, Michelle Salemi, Shiro Urayama, David M. Rocke, Brett S. Phinney, and John P. Sundberg. "Corneocyte proteomics: Applications to skin biology and dermatology." Experimental Dermatology 27, no. 8 (August 2018): 931–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/exd.13756.

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10

Matsui, Takeshi, Nanako Kadono-Maekubo, Yoshiro Suzuki, Yuki Furuichi, Keiichiro Shiraga, Hiroyuki Sasaki, Azusa Ishida, et al. "A unique mode of keratinocyte death requires intracellular acidification." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 17 (April 23, 2021): e2020722118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2020722118.

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The stratum corneum (SC), the outermost epidermal layer, consists of nonviable anuclear keratinocytes, called corneocytes, which function as a protective barrier. The exact modes of cell death executed by keratinocytes of the upper stratum granulosum (SG1 cells) remain largely unknown. Here, using intravital imaging combined with intracellular Ca2+- and pH-responsive fluorescent probes, we aimed to dissect the SG1 death process in vivo. We found that SG1 cell death was preceded by prolonged (∼60 min) Ca2+ elevation and rapid induction of intracellular acidification. Once such intracellular ionic changes were initiated, they became sustained, irreversibly committing the SG1 cells to corneocyte conversion. Time-lapse imaging of isolated murine SG1 cells revealed that intracellular acidification was essential for the degradation of keratohyalin granules and nuclear DNA, phenomena specific to SC corneocyte formation. Furthermore, intravital imaging showed that the number of SG1 cells exhibiting Ca2+ elevation and the timing of intracellular acidification were both tightly regulated by the transient receptor potential cation channel V3. The functional activity of this protein was confirmed in isolated SG1 cells using whole-cell patch-clamp analysis. These findings provide a theoretical framework for improved understanding of the unique molecular mechanisms underlying keratinocyte-specific death mode, namely corneoptosis.

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11

CHIBA, Takahito. "The Importance of Corneocyte Lipid Envelope in Skin Barrier." Nishi Nihon Hifuka 82, no. 3 (June 1, 2020): 157–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2336/nishinihonhifu.82.157.

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12

GORDON, JOHN G., and KENNETH W. KWOCHKA. "Corneocyte Counts for Evaluation of Antiseborrheic Shampoos in Dogs." Veterinary Dermatology 4, no. 2 (June 1993): 57–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3164.1993.tb00191.x.

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13

Elias, Peter M., Robert Gruber, Debra Crumrine, Gopinathan Menon, Mary L. Williams, Joan S. Wakefield, Walter M. Holleran, and Yoshikazu Uchida. "Formation and functions of the corneocyte lipid envelope (CLE)." Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids 1841, no. 3 (March 2014): 314–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbalip.2013.09.011.

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14

Crumrine, D., D. Khnykin, P. Krieg, M. Man, A. Celli, T. Mauro, G. Menon, et al. "655 Origin and functions of the corneocyte lipid envelope." Journal of Investigative Dermatology 138, no. 5 (May 2018): S111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2018.03.664.

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15

Takada, Mariko, Yuko Ishikawa, Kayoko Numano, Shinichi Hirano, and Genji Imokawa. "A Nano-Emulsion Containing Ceramide-like Lipo-Amino Acid Cholesteryl Derivatives Improves Skin Symptoms in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis by Ameliorating the Water-Holding Function." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 21 (November 1, 2022): 13362. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232113362.

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Because ceramide-like lipo-amino acid cholesteryl derivatives can exert a bound water-holding function due to their lamellae-forming properties, in this study, we determined if topical application of those derivatives to atopic dry skin would elicit an ameliorative effect on skin symptoms, at least on its water-holding function. In this clinical study, daily treatment with a nano-emulsion containing 10% phytosteryl/octyldodecyl lauroyl glutamate (POLG) significantly (p < 0.0001) improved skin symptoms, including dryness/scaling, itchiness and stimulus sensations, in the non-lesional skin of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) at 3 and at 6 weeks compared with week 0. Those significant improvements in skin symptoms were accompanied by a significantly enhanced water content (conductance) and a significant improvement of roughness (SESC) and smoothness (SESM) values measured using a Visioscan at 3 and 6 weeks. Those effects appeared concomitant with a significantly increased corneocyte size, a significantly down-regulated degree of thick abrasions, and a significant impairment of the corneocyte lipid envelope at 6 weeks. Thus, our clinical study suggests, for the first time, that topical application of the POLG nano-emulsion has the distinct potential to ameliorate atopic dry skin symptoms, particularly scaling and itchiness, in the skin of patients with AD. Those effects result from alleviation of the disrupted water-holding function probably due to the increased supply of lamellae structures into the stratum corneum despite the failure to improve barrier function.

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16

Swartzendruber, Donald C., Philip W. Wertz, Kathi C. Madison, and Donald T. Downing. "Evidence That the Corneocyte Has a Chemically Bound Lipid Envelope." Journal of Investigative Dermatology 88, no. 6 (June 1987): 709–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1523-1747.ep12470383.

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17

Winge, M. C. G. "It's the season for natural moisturizing factors and corneocyte protrusions." British Journal of Dermatology 178, no. 5 (May 2018): 1006–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bjd.16527.

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18

Scott, Eugene J. "Dry Skin et cetera, Corneocyte Detachment, Desquamation, and Neo-strata." International Journal of Dermatology 26, no. 2 (March 1987): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-4362.1987.tb00529.x.

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19

LU, H., C. EDWARDS, S. GASKELL, A. PEARSE, and R. MARKS. "Melanin content and distribution in the surface corneocyte with skin phototypes." British Journal of Dermatology 135, no. 2 (August 1996): 263–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.1996.d01-984.x.

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20

Le Lamer, Marina, Laurence Pellerin, Marie Reynier, Laura Cau, Valérie Pendaries, Corinne Leprince, Marie-Claire Méchin, Guy Serre, Carle Paul, and Michel Simon. "Defects of corneocyte structural proteins and epidermal barrier in atopic dermatitis." Biological Chemistry 396, no. 11 (November 1, 2015): 1163–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hsz-2015-0141.

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Abstract The main function of the epidermis is to establish a vital multifunctional barrier between the body and its external environment. A defective epidermal barrier is one of the key features of atopic dermatitis (AD), a chronic and relapsing inflammatory skin disorder that affects up to 20% of children and 2–3% of adults and often precedes the development of allergic rhinitis and asthma. This review summarizes recent discoveries on the origin of the skin barrier alterations in AD at the structural protein level, including hereditary and acquired components. The consequences of the epidermal barrier alteration on our current understanding of the pathogenesis of AD, and its possible implications on the treatment of patients, are discussed here.

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21

Fluhr, J. W., A. Pelosi, S. Lazzerini, S. Dikstein, and E. Berardesca. "Differences in Corneocyte Surface Area in Pre- and Post-Menopausal Women." Skin Pharmacology and Physiology 14, no. 1 (2001): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000056384.

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22

LU, H., C. EDWARDS, S. GASKELL, A. PEARSE, and R. MARKS. "Melanin content and distribution in the surface corneocyte with skin phototypes." British Journal of Dermatology 135, no. 2 (August 1996): 263–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1996.tb01157.x.

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23

Jonca, Nathalie, Marina Guerrin, Krassimira Hadjiolova, Cécile Caubet, Hélène Gallinaro, Michel Simon, and Guy Serre. "Corneodesmosin, a Component of Epidermal Corneocyte Desmosomes, Displays Homophilic Adhesive Properties." Journal of Biological Chemistry 277, no. 7 (December 5, 2001): 5024–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m108438200.

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24

Engebretsen, K. A., S. Kezic, C. Riethmüller, J. Franz, I. Jakasa, A. Hedengran, A. Linneberg, J. D. Johansen, and J. P. Thyssen. "Changes in filaggrin degradation products and corneocyte surface texture by season." British Journal of Dermatology 178, no. 5 (March 7, 2018): 1143–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bjd.16150.

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25

Engebretsen, K. A., S. Kezic, C. Riethmüller, J. Franz, I. Jakasa, A. Hedengran, A. Linneberg, J. D. Johansen, and J. P. Thyssen. "Changes in filaggrin degradation products and corneocyte surface texture by season." British Journal of Dermatology 178, no. 5 (May 2018): e365-e365. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bjd.16622.

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26

Warner, R. R. "Changes in corneocyte element concentrations occur in skin inner stratum corneum." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 48, no. 2 (August 12, 1990): 146–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100134326.

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Keratinocytes undergo maturation during their transit through the viable layers of skin, and then abruptly transform into flattened, anuclear corneocytes that constitute the cellular component of the skin barrier, the stratum corneum (SC). The SC is generally considered to be homogeneous in its structure and barrier properties, and is often shown schematically as a featureless brick wall, the “bricks” being the corneocytes, the “mortar” being intercellular lipid. Previously we showed the outer SC was not homogeneous in its composition, but contained steep gradients of the physiological inorganic elements Na, K and Cl, likely originating from sweat salts. Here we show the innermost corneocytes in human skin are also heterogeneous in composition, undergoing systematic changes in intracellular element concentration during transit into the interior of the SC.Human skin biopsies were taken from the lower leg of individuals with both “good” and “dry” skin and plunge-frozen in a stirred, cooled isopentane/propane mixture.

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27

Riethmuller, Christoph, Maeve A. McAleer, Sjors A. Koppes, Rawad Abdayem, Jonas Franz, Marek Haftek, Linda E. Campbell, et al. "Filaggrin breakdown products determine corneocyte conformation in patients with atopic dermatitis." Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 136, no. 6 (December 2015): 1573–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2015.04.042.

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28

Elofsson, Rolf, Inga Tuminaite, and Ronald H. H. Kröger. "A novel ultrastructure on the corneocyte surface of mammalian nasolabial skin." Journal of Mammalogy 97, no. 5 (July 1, 2016): 1288–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyw112.

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29

Macintosh, Robin L., Jane L. Brittan, Ritwika Bhattacharya, Howard F. Jenkinson, Jeremy Derrick, Mathew Upton, and Pauline S. Handley. "The Terminal A Domain of the Fibrillar Accumulation-Associated Protein (Aap) of Staphylococcus epidermidis Mediates Adhesion to Human Corneocytes." Journal of Bacteriology 191, no. 22 (September 11, 2009): 7007–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.00764-09.

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ABSTRACT The opportunistic pathogen Staphylococcus epidermidis colonizes indwelling medical devices by biofilm formation but is primarily a skin resident. In many S. epidermidis strains biofilm formation is mediated by a cell wall-anchored protein, the accumulation-associated protein (Aap). Here, we investigate the role of Aap in skin adhesion. Aap is an LPXTG protein with a domain architecture including a terminal A domain and a B-repeat region. S. epidermidis NCTC 11047 expresses Aap as localized, lateral tufts of fibrils on one subpopulation of cells (Fib+), whereas a second subpopulation does not express these fibrils of Aap (Fib−). Flow cytometry showed that 72% of NCTC 11047 cells expressed Aap and that 28% of cells did not. Aap is involved in the adhesion of Fib+ cells to squamous epithelial cells from the hand (corneocytes), as the recombinant A-domain protein partially blocked binding to corneocytes. To confirm the role of the Aap A domain in corneocyte attachment, Aap was expressed on the surface of Lactococcus lactis MG1363 as sparsely distributed, peritrichous fibrils. The expression of Aap increased corneocyte adhesion 20-fold compared to L. lactis carrying Aap without an A domain. S. epidermidis isolates from catheters, artificial joints, skin, and the nose also used the A domain of Aap to adhere to corneocytes, emphasizing the role of Aap in skin adhesion. In addition, L. lactis expressing Aap with different numbers of B repeats revealed a positive correlation between the number of B repeats and adhesion to corneocytes, suggesting an additional function for the B region in enhancing A-domain-dependent attachment to skin. Therefore, in addition to its established role in biofilm formation, Aap can also promote adhesion to corneocytes and is likely to be an important adhesin in S. epidermidis skin colonization.

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30

Zheng, Yuxiang, Huiyong Yin, William E. Boeglin, Peter M. Elias, Debra Crumrine, David R. Beier, and Alan R. Brash. "Lipoxygenases Mediate the Effect of Essential Fatty Acid in Skin Barrier Formation." Journal of Biological Chemistry 286, no. 27 (May 10, 2011): 24046–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m111.251496.

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A barrier to water loss is vital to maintaining life on dry land. Formation of the mammalian skin barrier requires both the essential fatty acid linoleate and the two lipoxygenases 12R-lipoxygenase (12R-LOX) and epidermal lipoxygenase-3 (eLOX3), although their roles are poorly understood. Linoleate occurs in O-linoleoyl-ω-hydroxyceramide, which, after hydrolysis of the linoleate moiety, is covalently attached to protein via the free ω-hydroxyl of the ceramide, forming the corneocyte lipid envelope, a scaffold between lipid and protein that helps seal the barrier. Here we show using HPLC-UV, LC-MS, GC-MS, and 1H NMR that O-linoleoyl-ω-hydroxyceramide is oxygenated in a regio- and stereospecific fashion by the consecutive actions of 12R-LOX and eLOX3 and that these products occur naturally in pig and mouse epidermis. 12R-LOX forms 9R-hydroperoxy-linoleoyl-ω-hydroxyceramide, further converted by eLOX3 to specific epoxyalcohol (9R,10R-trans-epoxy-11E-13R-hydroxy) and 9-keto-10E,12Z esters of the ceramide; an epoxy-ketone derivative (9R,10R-trans-epoxy-11E-13-keto) is the most prominent oxidized ceramide in mouse skin. These products are absent in 12R-LOX-deficient mice, which crucially display a near total absence of protein-bound ω-hydroxyceramides and of the corneocyte lipid envelope and die shortly after birth from transepidermal water loss. We conclude that oxygenation of O-linoleoyl-ω-hydroxyceramide is required to facilitate the ester hydrolysis and allow bonding of the ω-hydroxyceramide to protein, providing a coherent explanation for the roles of multiple components in epidermal barrier function. Our study uncovers a hitherto unknown biochemical pathway in which the enzymic oxygenation of ceramides is involved in building a crucial structure of the epidermal barrier.

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31

HASHIMOTO, Takuya, Kaori YAMASHITA, Kazuhiro YAMAZAKI, Ken'ya HIRAYAMA, Jiro YABUZAKI, and Hiroshi KOBAYASHI. "Study of Analysis and Quantitative Estimation of Melanin in Face Epidermal Corneocyte." TRANSACTIONS OF THE JAPAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS Series C 78, no. 786 (2012): 508–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaic.78.508.

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32

Miyai, M., J. Hiruma, A. Motoyama, H. Yamanishi, M. Yamamoto, R. Tsuboi, and T. Hibino. "286 SerpinB12 is an intrinsic mesotrypsin inhibitor regulating corneocyte desquamation and denucleation." Journal of Investigative Dermatology 139, no. 5 (May 2019): S50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2019.03.362.

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33

Miyai, M., J. Hiruma, A. Motoyama, M. Egawa, M. Yamamoto, Y. Ozeki, R. Tsuboi, and T. Hibino. "240 SerpinB12 is an intrinsic mesotrypsin inhibitor regulating corneocyte desquamation and enucleation." Journal of Investigative Dermatology 139, no. 9 (September 2019): S255. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2019.07.241.

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34

Le Lamer, Marina, Laurence Pellerin, Marie Reynier, Laura Cau, Valérie Pendaries, Corinne Leprince, Marie-Claire Méchin, Guy Serre, Carle Paul, and Michel Simon. "Corrigendum to: Defects of corneocyte structural proteins and epidermal barrier in atopic dermatitis." Biological Chemistry 397, no. 4 (April 1, 2016): 381. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hsz-2016-0116.

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35

Doi, Moeko, Yuki Sagawa, Shigeyoshi Momose, Takumi Tanaka, Taeko Mizutani, Yuri Okano, and Hitoshi Masaki. "Topical treatment with sacran, a sulfated polysaccharide fromAphanothece sacrum, improves corneocyte-derived parameters." Journal of Dermatology 44, no. 12 (July 10, 2017): 1360–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1346-8138.13970.

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36

Wertz, Philip W., Donald C. Swartzendruber, David J. Kitko, Kathi C. Madison, and Donald T. Downing. "The Role of the Corneocyte Lipid Envelopes in Cohesion of the Stratum Corneum." Journal of Investigative Dermatology 93, no. 1 (July 1989): 169–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1523-1747.ep12277394.

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37

Imai, Tomohiro, Hiromitsu Nakazawa, and Satoru Kato. "Thermal phase transition behavior of lipid layers on a single human corneocyte cell." Chemistry and Physics of Lipids 174 (September 2013): 24–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2013.05.006.

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38

Voegeli, R., D. Guneri, M. Cherel, B. Summers, M. E. Lane, and A. V. Rawlings. "Topical niacinamide enhances hydrophobicity and resilience of corneocyte envelopes on different facial locations." International Journal of Cosmetic Science 42, no. 6 (November 11, 2020): 632–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ics.12666.

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39

Masaki, Hitoshi, Yuki Yamashita, Daiki Kyotani, Tatsuya Honda, Kenichi Takano, Toshiyasu Tamura, Taeko Mizutani, and Yuri Okano. "Correlations between skin hydration parameters and corneocyte‐derived parameters to characterize skin conditions." Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology 18, no. 1 (March 30, 2018): 308–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jocd.12502.

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40

Grattan, C. E. H., and W. A. D. Griffiths. "The influence of corneocyte overlap on the measurement of stratum corneum cell layers." British Journal of Dermatology 113, no. 2 (August 1985): 247–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1985.tb02073.x.

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41

Zhang, Guojin, David J. Moore, Richard Mendelsohn, and Carol R. Flach. "Vibrational Microspectroscopy and Imaging of Molecular Composition and Structure During Human Corneocyte Maturation." Journal of Investigative Dermatology 126, no. 5 (May 2006): 1088–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jid.5700225.

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42

Thyssen, Jacob P., Ivone Jakasa, Christoph Riethmüller, Michael P. Schön, Andrea Braun, Marek Haftek, Padraic G. Fallon, et al. "Filaggrin Expression and Processing Deficiencies Impair Corneocyte Surface Texture and Stiffness in Mice." Journal of Investigative Dermatology 140, no. 3 (March 2020): 615–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2019.07.716.

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43

Martin, Kathleen. "In vivo Measurements of Water in Skin by Near-Infrared Reflectance." Applied Spectroscopy 52, no. 7 (July 1998): 1001–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702981944652.

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Near-infrared (NIR) reflectance spectroscopy has been used to differentiate water in different hydrogen-bonding environments of skin in vivo and to determine the effect of moisturizer application on water content. Four types of water have been observed in the second-derivative spectrum of skin. These are assigned as water associated with the lipid bilayers, primary and secondary water of hydration on protein, and bulk (free) water in deeper tissue. The intensities of the lipid-associated water band and the bulk water band depend on anatomical site. The latter, particularly, may be affected by corneocyte size and may have potential in predicting transdermal penetration of drugs. Moisturizer application appears to have little effect on water content, but results in changes in the degree of scattering of radiation, suggesting that moisturizers smooth, rather than hydrate, the skin.

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44

Koppes, Sjors A., Suzana Ljubojević Hadžavdić, Ivone Jakasa, Nika Franceschi, Christoph Riethmüller, Ružica Jurakić Tončic, Branka Marinovic, et al. "Effect of allergens and irritants on levels of natural moisturizing factor and corneocyte morphology." Contact Dermatitis 76, no. 5 (March 14, 2017): 287–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cod.12770.

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45

Lévêque, Jean Luc, Ghislain François, Neso Sojic, and Franck Giron. "A new technique toin vivostudy the corneocyte features at the surface of the skin." Skin Research and Technology 14, no. 4 (November 2008): 468–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0846.2008.00315.x.

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46

Cheong, Kyung Ah, Tae Ryong Lee, and Ai-Young Lee. "Complementary effect of hydroquinone and retinoic acid on corneocyte desquamation with their combination use." Journal of Dermatological Science 87, no. 2 (August 2017): 192–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdermsci.2017.03.023.

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47

Akiyama, Masashi. "Corneocyte lipid envelope (CLE), the key structure for skin barrier function and ichthyosis pathogenesis." Journal of Dermatological Science 88, no. 1 (October 2017): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdermsci.2017.06.002.

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48

Burrill, Julia, Elli Rammenou, Fatima Alawar, Barbara Daniel, and Nunzianda Frascione. "Corneocyte lysis and fragmented DNA considerations for the cellular component of forensic touch DNA." Forensic Science International: Genetics 51 (March 2021): 102428. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fsigen.2020.102428.

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Nakazawa, Hiromitsu, Tomohiro Imai, Ichiro Hatta, Shingo Sakai, Shintaro Inoue, and Satoru Kato. "Low-flux electron diffraction study for the intercellular lipid organization on a human corneocyte." Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes 1828, no. 6 (June 2013): 1424–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbamem.2013.02.001.

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Lee, Ju-Young, Kwang-Hyeon Liu, Yunhi Cho, and Kun-Pyo Kim. "Enhanced Triacylglycerol Content and Gene Expression for Triacylglycerol Metabolism, Acyl-Ceramide Synthesis, and Corneocyte Lipid Formation in the Epidermis of Borage Oil Fed Guinea Pigs." Nutrients 11, no. 11 (November 18, 2019): 2818. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11112818.

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Abstract:

Triacylglycerol (TAG) metabolism is related to the acyl-ceramide (Cer) synthesis and corneocyte lipid envelope (CLE) formation involved in maintaining the epidermal barrier. Prompted by the recovery of a disrupted epidermal barrier with dietary borage oil (BO: 40.9% linoleic acid (LNA) and 24.0% γ-linolenic acid (GLA)) in essential fatty acid (EFA) deficiency, lipidomic and transcriptome analyses and subsequent quantitative RT-PCR were performed to determine the effects of borage oil (BO) on TAG content and species, and the gene expression related to overall lipid metabolism. Dietary BO for 2 weeks in EFA-deficient guinea pigs increased the total TAG content, including the TAG species esterified LNA, GLA, and their C20 metabolized fatty acids. Moreover, the expression levels of genes in the monoacylglycerol and glycerol-3-phosphate pathways, two major pathways of TAG synthesis, increased, along with those of TAG lipase, acyl-Cer synthesis, and CLE formation. Dietary BO enhanced TAG content, the gene expression of TAG metabolism, acyl-Cer synthesis, and CLE formation.

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