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Journal articles on the topic 'Cornmeal Agar'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Pratt, R. G., and D. E. Rowe. "Evaluation of Simplified Leaf Inoculation Procedures for Identification of Quantitative Resistance to Sclerotinia trifoliorum in Alfalfa Seedlings." Plant Disease 82, no. 10 (1998): 1161–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.1998.82.10.1161.

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Previous studies established that excised leaf tissues of alfalfa can be inoculated with Sclerotinia trifoliorum to select for heritable resistance, but the original procedures were not practical for use in large-scale screening programs. In this study, simplified leaf inoculation procedures for more rapid screening for resistance, based on direct application of leaf tissues to colonies of the pathogen on agar media, were evaluated. Cotyledons, unifoliate leaves, and leaflets of trifoliolate leaves of plants 7 to 21 days old from three relatively susceptible cultivars and one resistant germ pl

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2

Ishieze, P. U., A. E. Ugwu, C. Q. Okeke, G. U. Chukwudi, and K. I. Ugwuoke. "Mycelia growth of <i>Colletotrichum truncatum</i> and <i>Fusarium verticillioides</i> on pepper (<i>Capsicum chinense</i>) fruits in different media and their impact on the nutritional composition of infected fruits." Agro-Science 23, no. 2 (2025): 87–96. https://doi.org/10.4314/as.v23i2.12.

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This study examined the effects of various growth conditions on the mycelial development of two fungal Pathogens and evaluated the nutritional makeup of the resulting infected pepper fruits. The study investigated the complex relationships between the nutritional makeup of the host plant and fungus growth. Using a variety of growth media (potato dextrose agar, carrot dextrose agar, cornmeal agar, oatmeal agar, cauliflower dextrose agar, and Sabouraud synthetic nutrient), the growth dynamics of two separate fungal pathogens (Colletotrichum truncatum and Fusarium verticillioides) were investigat

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3

Ploetz, R. C., and F. M. Shokes. "Evidence for homothallism and vegetative compatibility in southern Diaporthe phaseolorum." Canadian Journal of Botany 64, no. 10 (1986): 2197–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b86-292.

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Twenty-nine vegetative compatibility groups (vcgs) were identified among 297 isolates of the fungus causing soybean stem canker in the southeastern United States (southern Diaporthe phaseolorum). Of the isolates characterized, 79% were from one of the vcgs described (group 1). Barrage zones formed between isolates from different vcgs when grown on potato dextrose agar, and also formed, but not always distinctly, on cornmeal agar, Czapek-Dox agar, lima bean agar, and malt agar; barrages did not form on Sach's agar or water agar. Two types of evidence suggested that southern D. phaseolorum is ho

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4

Vemić, Aleksandar, Sanja Jovanović, Katarina Mladenović, Danilo Furtula, Jelena Božović, and Radojica Pižurica. "The impact of temperature and nutrient media on the growth of Epicoccum Nigrum." Sustainable Forestry: Collection, no. 91 (2025): 15–25. https://doi.org/10.5937/sustfor2591015v.

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Fungus Epicoccum nigrum is one of the most important potential biocontrol agents of plant pathogens. To optimise the application methods, the study investigated the influence of temperature and nutrient media on Epicoccum nigrum mycelium growth. The optimal temperature for Epicoccum nigrum growth ranged from 17 to 25⁰C. At 9 ⁰C, Epicoccum nigrum showed a delayed beginning of the growth compared to the other temperatures. The lowest mycelial growth was recorded on Sabouraud maltose agar (SMA), while cultures on malt extract agar (MEA), cornmeal agar (CMA) and potato dextrose agar (PDA) showed t

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5

Kim, D. G., R. D. Riggs, and J. C. Correll. "Isolation, Characterization, and Distribution of a Biocontrol Fungus from Cysts of Heterodera glycines." Phytopathology® 88, no. 5 (1998): 465–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto.1998.88.5.465.

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Seventy-six populations of Heterodera glycines were collected from 33 counties in 10 states of the United States along the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers in 1992 and 1993. A sterile hyphomycete fungus of an unnamed taxon, designated ARF18 and shown to be a parasite of eggs of H. glycines, was isolated from eggs and cysts of 10 of the populations from Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Tennessee. Ten isolates of ARF18 obtained in this study and seven isolates obtained in earlier studies were characterized for cultural morphology on several growth media, the ability to produce sclerotium-lik

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6

International, Journal of Medical Science and Innovative Research (IJMSIR). "Speciation and anti-fungal susceptibility testing of candida isolates from various clinical samples in a tertiary care hospital, Hyderabad." International Journal of Medical Science and Innovative Research (IJMSIR) 9, no. 3 (2024): 37–42. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15406789.

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<strong>Abstract</strong> The objective of present study is to speciate the Candida albicans and nonalbicans by using selective, differential media and methods and to determine the anti-fungal susceptibility pattern of the isolates. Biological samples of urine, surgical biopsy (FESS), blood were processed by routine culture methods. All the Candida isolates were speciated by using differential methods like germ tube test, sugar fermentation test, inoculation on media such as Sabouraud dextrose agar, MALT extract agar, Cornmeal -Tween 80 agar and CHROMagar and anti-fungal susceptibility was per

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7

Pavkovic-Lucic, Sofija. "Is there ethological isolation among Drosophila melanogaster strains reared for more than 35 generations on different food?" Archives of Biological Sciences 61, no. 1 (2009): 105–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/abs0901105p.

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Ethological isolation among three strains of D. melanogaster reared for more than 35 generations on different food (standard cornmeal-agar-yeast medium, banana, and tomato) was tested in a series of multiple choice tests. Long-term maintenance on different substrates did not contribute to sexual isolation among three 'nutritional strains', as degrees of ethological isolation (Malogolowkin-Cohen's isolation indices) were not statistically significant. Males and females reared on different nutritional resources were equally successful in matings, i.e., significant differences in the number of co

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8

Korolev, Nadia, and Talma Katan. "Improved Medium for Selecting Nitrate-Nonutilizing (nit) Mutants of Verticillium dahliae." Phytopathology® 87, no. 10 (1997): 1067–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto.1997.87.10.1067.

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Nitrate-nonutilizing (nit) mutants are commonly used to determine vegetative compatibility between isolates of Verticillium dahliae by complementation (heterokaryon) testing. These mutants emerge spontaneously as chlorate-resistant sectors growing out of partially restricted, wild-type colonies on chlorate-amended media. The commonly used chlorate media are based on minimal medium (MMC) or cornmeal agar (CMC), amended with potassium chlorate. nit mutants recovered on these media constituted 10 to 36%(on MMC) and 25 to 45%(on CMC) of the apparently resistant sectors. An improved water agar chlo

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9

Attaullah, Hussain Shaukat, Ali Farhad, Khan Amjad, and Khan Gulzar. "Comparison of Different Techniques for the Isolation of Rhizoctonia solani from Infected Potato Tubers." Greener Journal of Agricultural Sciences 2, no. 5 (2012): 212–19. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3372892.

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The effect of surface disinfection, temperatures, nutrients and chemicals on sclerotial germination of <em>Rhizoctonia solani</em> from potato tubers were studied on potato dextrose agar (PDA). Germination occurred from tuber pieces bearing sclerotia pre-treated for one min with 0.1% of mercuric chloride. Tuber pieces pretreated with 0.5% and 1%of mercuric chloride for various lengths of times, including 15 sec, 30 sec and one min showed no sclerotial germination on PDA. Similarly sclerotial germination did not occur after pretreated with sodium hypochlorite for same concentrations a

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10

Sidana, Arushdeep, and Umar Farooq. "Sugarcane Bagasse: A Potential Medium for Fungal Cultures." Chinese Journal of Biology 2014 (March 13, 2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/840505.

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Worldwide, sugarcane industries produce tons of sugarcane bagasse as residual/waste material. This residual material is rich in complex lignocellulosic substances and may be used as a low cost carbon and energy source for the growth of fungal species. The present work was aimed at designing a sugarcane waste-based medium as a substitute for expensive commercial media for growing fungal cultures. Eight species of fungi, namely, Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Fusarium sp., and four unidentified species F1, F2, F3, and F5, were grown on the sugarcane bagasse medium

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11

Fishell, Miriam, and Laura Pottorff. "(97) Screening Pythium sp. Associated with Greenhouse Crops in Colorado for Mefanoxam Resistance." HortScience 40, no. 4 (2005): 1046D—1046. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.40.4.1046d.

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Research was conducted on the fungus-like organism Pythium to observe its sensitivity to the fungicide Subdue MAXX, active ingredient mefanoxam. Pythium is a plant pathogen that causes root and crown rot in plants that are exposed to extensive soil moisture and poor drainage. This study, conducted on Pythium isolated from Colorado greenhouse crops, began in Apr. 2004. Symptomatic tissues from bedding plants and perennials were placed on selective media (P10VP). Resulting isolations of Pythium were transferred to cornmeal agar amended with the recommended low and high label rates of mefanoxam.

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12

Kaur, Pavneet, Tania Rawat, Sarabjeet Sharma, and Parmeet Kaur. "Speciation of candida species isolated in clinical samples in a tertiary health care centre in Northern India." IP International Journal of Medical Microbiology and Tropical Diseases 7, no. 4 (2021): 262–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijmmtd.2021.054.

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The purpose of this study is to isolate, identify and specification of various the Candida species from various clinical samples in a tertiary care hospital, and to characterize various the isolated Candida species. A study was conducted on people of different age groups from January 2019 to December 2019. Candida species isolated from different patients by using Potassium Hydroxide mount and processed by BacTalert 3D (Biomerieux) automated blood culture system. Further culture identification of Candida species were done on Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA). Speciation of Candida was done using Ge

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13

Baird, R., W. Batson, D. Carling, and M. Scruggs. "First Report of Rhizoctonia solani AG-7 on Cotton in Mississippi." Plant Disease 84, no. 10 (2000): 1156. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2000.84.10.1156b.

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During a field study of the soilborne mycobiota on cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) roots, Rhizoctonia solani Kühn AG-7 was isolated from dark brown lesions present on the tap, feeder, and secondary roots onto potato-dextrose agar (PDA) (34 g of medium per liter of distilled water). Isolate identification was confirmed using tester R. solani AG-7 isolates (Carling, University of Alaska) for comparison during anastomosis pairing. To confirm pathogenicity, six AG-7 isolates (65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70) obtained from cotton roots were tested in a plant growth incubator (18–24°C) by mixing 2.5 ml of 2-w

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14

Li, Jishun, Yuanzheng Wu, Kai Chen, et al. "Trichoderma cyanodichotomus sp. nov., a new soil-inhabiting species with a potential for biological control." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 64, no. 12 (2018): 1020–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjm-2018-0224.

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During a biodiversity survey of Trichoderma (Ascomycota, Hypocreales, Hypocreaceae) in coastal and lake wetlands of China, a new species, Trichoderma cyanodichotomus, was isolated from Dongting Lake wetland of Hunan province. The strain TW21990-1 was characterized as having two types of conidia and producing a distinct blue–green pigment on potato dextrose agar and cornmeal dextrose agar. The taxonomic position was analyzed using three molecular markers, internal transcribed spacer rDNA, translation elongation factor 1-alpha, and RNA polymerase II subunit B, revealing less than 95.0% homology

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15

Lee, Seong Gwang, Sunmin An, Gyoung Hee Kim, and Sook-Young Park. "Identification of the Causal Pathogen of Leaf Spot Disease in Watermelon Grown in Two Vinyl Greenhouses in Haman, Korea." Research in Plant Disease 31, no. 2 (2025): 175–82. https://doi.org/10.5423/rpd.2025.31.2.175.

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The area dedicated to watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) cultivation in Korea spans approximately 14,000 hectares, with greenhouse cultivation accounting for about 25-30% of this total. Notably, winter watermelon cultivation is considered a high-income crop, and Haman-gun in Gyeongsangnam-do is a prominent production area, contributing approximately 70% of the total output. Between 2024 and 2025, leaf spots began to appear on young leaves in two greenhouses located on the eastern side of 37 greenhouses in Haman. The symptoms gradually progressed from spots to concentric circles, resulting in a dis

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16

Baird, R. E., and J. H. Brock. "First Report of Macrophomina phaseolina on Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) in Georgia." Plant Disease 83, no. 5 (1999): 487. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.1999.83.5.487b.

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In a field study evaluating the diversity and density of the soilborne mycobiota in a cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) production system, Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goidanich was isolated on potato dextrose agar from dark brown to black lesions on feeder and secondary roots. Multiple proliferations of feeder and secondary roots were also observed. Isolate RB 656 obtained from these lesions was tested for pathogenicity in the greenhouse by mixing 25 ml of 2-week-old cornmeal sand inoculum (3 g of cornmeal, 100 g of sand, and 20 ml of distilled water) with 5 liters of autoclaved soil (Leefiel

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17

Kirkpatrick, M. T., J. C. Rupe, and C. S. Rothrock. "Soybean Response to Flooded Soil Conditions and the Association with Soilborne Plant Pathogenic Genera." Plant Disease 90, no. 5 (2006): 592–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pd-90-0592.

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The role of soilborne pathogens in flood damage on soybeans, Glycine max, was examined using six genotypes representing a reputed range of flood tolerances. Genotypes were planted in single-row plots from 1996 to 1998 with flood treatments of no flood, flood at emergence (3-day duration), or flood at the fourth leaf node growth stage (7-day duration). Three or four days after removing each flood treatment, plant stands were estimated and 15 plants were collected from each plot, weighed, and rated for root discoloration. Roots were assayed for the presence of fungi and other filamentous eukaryo

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18

Jabeen, Kauser, Noureen Saeed, Madiha Sattar, et al. "Identification of Candida species by direct inoculation of cornmeal tween™ 80 agar from blood culture bottles: Rapid and cost-effective approach." Biomedical and Biotechnology Research Journal (BBRJ) 2, no. 2 (2018): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/bbrj.bbrj_39_18.

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19

Sealy, Ramsey, Michael R. Evans, and Craig Rothrock. "FUNGICIDAL PROPERTIES OF GARLIC EXTRACT IN Sphagnum PEAT- AND SAND-BASED SUBSTRATES." HortScience 40, no. 3 (2005): 880a—880. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.40.3.880a.

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Growth of Pythium aphanidermatum, Pythium ultimum, Pythium irregulare, Phytophthora nicoctianae, Phytophthora cinnomomi, Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani and Thielaviopsis basicoli was inhibited in vitro when grown in a clarified V-8 nutrient solution containing 10% garlic extract. After exposure to 10% garlic extract for 3 days, all fungi and fungal-like organisms failed to grow after being washed and transferred to fresh cornmeal agar nutrient medium without garlic extract. When Sphagnum peat was inoculated with P. aphanidermatum and drenched with solutions containing varying concentra

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20

Khan, Parvez Anwar, Nazish Fatima, Haris Manzoor Khan, Midhat Ali Khan, Asim Azhar, and Sanjay Sharma. "Antifungal Susceptibility Pattern of Candida Isolates: A Comparison in H.I.V. Positive and Negative Patients from A Tertiary Care Hospital of Northern India." Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology 15, no. 3 (2021): 1230–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.22207/jpam.15.3.12.

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Candidiasis is recognized as a significant cause of morbidity, especially in immunocompromised individuals. An epidemiologic change in Candida species and emergence of resistance can impact the usage of antifungal agents as empirical therapy for Candidiasis in patients with or without AIDS. The present study was done to find out: i) The species of Candida isolated from H.I.V. and Non-HIV infected patients. ii) The resistance pattern of these Candida isolates to antifungal agents. A total of 160 Candida species isolates (80 isolates each from H.I.V. and Non-HIV infected patients) were character

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Saud, Bhuvan, Prajuna Bajgain, Govinda Paudel, et al. "Fungal Infection among Diabetic and Nondiabetic Individuals in Nepal." Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases 2020 (November 18, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/7949868.

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Background. Low immunity, comorbid clinical conditions, and metabolic disorders may be the underlying factors that determine the severity of infection. Diabetes increases the risk of infection and multiple organ damage. In Nepal, the actual burden of fungal infections has not been estimated or is in a limited progress. This study aimed to investigate the status of fungal infection in diabetic and nondiabetic individuals in Bhaktapur, Nepal. Materials and Methods. A total of 670 samples were collected from 134 participants. From each participant, five samples were collected from different sites

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22

Chaudhari, Bigu Kumar, Ganesh K. Singh, Kamal Prasad Parajuli, Kewal Shrestha, and Dharmendra Shah. "Characterisation and Isolation of Candida Species from ICU Patients in Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar." Journal of Nobel Medical College 5, no. 1 (2016): 61–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jonmc.v5i1.15777.

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Background Fungi have emerged as major causes of human diseases. Intensive Care Units (ICU), harbor almost all the risk factors for opportunistic fungal infections. Among these, Candida infections are very common with recent trends being rise in the non-Candida albicans (NCA) species along with an increase in resistance of these species to antifungal drugs. Increament in invasive Candidasis during last three decades have been reported in several studies, among all Candida species the Candida albicans is considered as the most common infectious agent the other non-albicans like C. Tropicalis, C

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Al Dallal, Hiba A., Siddharth Narayanan, Christopher M. Jones, Shawn R. Lockhart, and James W. Snyder. "First Case Report of an Unusual Fungus (Sporopachydermia lactativora) Associated with a Pulmonary Infection in a Drug Injection User." Clinical Pathology 14 (January 2021): 2632010X2110299. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2632010x211029970.

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In contrast to a robust literature on known pathogenic fungi such as Cryptococcus and Aspergillus species that cause pulmonary infections, reports of the uncommon genus Sporopachydermia causing infections are very limited. We present the first case report describing the fungus, Sporopachydermia lactativora as a likely cause of pneumonia in a patient with a history of polysubstance abuse and injection drug use (IDU). The patient recovered following antifungal treatment. The organism was recovered from a blood culture, 3 days post collection. Although CHROMagar was of little value, only yeast-li

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Gao, S., and L. Shain. "Effects of osmotic potential on virulent and hypovirulent strains of the chestnut blight fungus." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 25, no. 6 (1995): 1024–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x95-111.

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Mycelial growth and conidial germination of two virulent and four isogenic hypovirulent strains of Cryphonectriaparasitica (Murr.) Barr were monitored on cornmeal agar media osmotically adjusted with NaCl, KCl, sucrose, or a salt mixture of NaCl–KCl–Na2SO4 of 5:3:2. Mycelial growth generally was not inhibited on KCl or sucrose adjusted media with an osmotic potential above −2.0 MPa. Mycelial growth generally was inhibited at this osmotic potential, however, on those media that contained sodium in the osmoticum. While conidial germination was more sensitive than mycelial growth to sodium, conid

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Rai, Maya, T. P. Poudel, K. Gurung, G. P. Neupane, and Durga B.C. "Prevalence of Candida Albicans in Genital Tract of Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinic of Nepalgunj Medical College Hospital." Journal of Nepalgunj Medical College 15, no. 2 (2017): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jngmc.v15i2.22818.

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Introduction: Pregnancy is one of the important risk factor for occurrence of vaginal candidiasis which may lead to pregnancy complications like abortions, premature birth, low birth weight and other morbidities. It is essential to know pattern of distribution of the species of Candida that are pathogenic. Aim and Objective: To identify prevalence of Candida albicans in the genital tract of pregnant women. Materials and Methods: Total of 100 vaginal swabs were collected from 100 pregnant women attending at antenatal clinic of Gynaecology and Obstetrics department for a period of si

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Kaur, Sunpreet, Madhurendra Singh Rajput, and Balveer Singh Dhami. "A Study of the Susceptibility of Candida Species Isolated from Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infected Patients to Antifungal Drugs." Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research 35, no. 16 (2023): 46–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jammr/2023/v35i165088.

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Background: On a worldwide scale there is an increase in resistance in fungal infection (resistance,) which is crucial for people with compromised immune systems. One of the most frequent causes of fungal infections in these individuals is Candida fungus infection, which can have fatal consequences. This study aimed to investigate the (medication) antimicrobial sensitivity profile of Candida in HIV seropositive patients. Methods: The study included a total of 674 Candida isolates. Candida was isolated from clinical samples using wet mount, Gram stain, and SDA culture. Germ tube test, cor

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Kaur, Sunpreet, Madhurendra Singh Rajput, and Balveer Singh Dhami. "Prevalence of Candida Species Isolated from Immuno-Compromised Patients." Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International 35, no. 14 (2023): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jpri/2023/v35i147369.

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Background: Resistance to fungal infections is increasing worldwide, which is highly relevant in immunosuppressed individuals. Candida fungi infection constitutes one of the most common causes of fungal infections in such patients, and it can lead to complications and death. The current study sought to examine the prevalence and species diversity of Candida in samples received by the Microbiology Laboratory over a two-year period. Methods: The study involved 674 immunocompromised patients. Candida was isolated from clinical samples using wet mount, gram stain, and SDA culture. To further

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Pratt, R. G. "Johnsongrass, Yellow Foxtail, and Broadleaf Signalgrass as New Hosts for Six Species of Bipolaris, Curvularia, and Exserohilum Pathogenic to Bermudagrass." Plant Disease 90, no. 4 (2006): 528. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pd-90-0528b.

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Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers.), broadleaf signalgrass (Brachiaria platyphylla (L.) Beauv.), and yellow foxtail (Setaria glauca L.) are common volunteer grasses in bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.) pastures in the southeastern United States. Johnsongrass and broadleaf signalgrass are potential forages whereas yellow foxtail is a noxious weed. In 1999 and subsequent years, necrosis and dieback of leaves, stems, and roots, stunting, and plant death were observed on all three species in bermudagrass pastures in north Mississippi (3). Symptoms on johnsongrass and yellow foxtai

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Wong, F. P., W. Gelernter, L. Stowell, and N. A. Tisserat. "First Report of Gaeumannomyces graminis var. graminis on Kikuyugrass (Pennisetum clandestinum) in the United States." Plant Disease 87, no. 5 (2003): 600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2003.87.5.600a.

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Kikuyugrass (Pennisetum clandestinum) is a warm-season grass and invasive weed in the landscape, but can be used for golf course fairways in southern California. In 1999, a decline of kikuyugrass was observed on golf courses in southern California beginning in late summer or early autumn. Symptoms included sunken, bleached patches of turf with individual plants having chlorotic foliage and reduced vigor. Roots and stolons were often covered with dark, ectotrophic fungi, and lobed hyphopodia were visible on the stolons. On colonized roots, the cortex was rotted, and the stele showed evidence of

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Jayant, Saurabh, Kamlesh Patel, Prachi Priya, Abhilasha Niti Verma, Bharat Singh, and Ranjana Dahariya. "Prevalence of Candida infection in Covid-19 pandemic: A study from a tertiary care center in Central India." Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 12, no. 10 (2021): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v12i10.38528.

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Background: Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections may be associated with a wide range of bacterial and fungal co-infections. Candida and mucor are the common fungus encountered during this pandemic. Candida is one of the commonly encountered opportunistic fungi that cause superficial mucosal infections usually, but can invade tissue and produce life threatening infections. Candida species recognized as one of the major agent of hospital Acquired (nosocomial) fungal infections. Keeping this in background the current study was conducted. Aims and Objective: To estimate the prevalence o

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Saurabh Jayant, Kamlesh Patel, Prachi Priya, Abhilasha Niti Verma, Bharat Singh, and Ranjana Dahariya. "Prevalence of Candida infection in Covid-19 pandemic: A study from a tertiary care center in Central India." Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 12, no. 10 (2021): 3–7. https://doi.org/10.71152/ajms.v12i10.3657.

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Background: Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections may be associated with a wide range of bacterial and fungal co-infections. Candida and mucor are the common fungus encountered during this pandemic. Candida is one of the commonly encountered opportunistic fungi that cause superficial mucosal infections usually, but can invade tissue and produce life threatening infections. Candida species recognized as one of the major agent of hospital Acquired (nosocomial) fungal infections. Keeping this in background the current study was conducted. Aims and Objective: To estimate the prevalence o

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Kellogg, James A., David A. Bankert, and Vishnu Chaturvedi. "Limitations of the Current Microbial Identification System for Identification of Clinical Yeast Isolates." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 36, no. 5 (1998): 1197–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.36.5.1197-1200.1998.

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The ability of the rapid, computerized Microbial Identification System (MIS; Microbial ID, Inc.) to identify a variety of clinical isolates of yeast species was compared to the abilities of a combination of tests including the Yeast Biochemical Card (bioMerieux Vitek), determination of microscopic morphology on cornmeal agar with Tween 80, and when necessary, conventional biochemical tests and/or the API 20C Aux system (bioMerieux Vitek) to identify the same yeast isolates. The MIS chromatographically analyzes cellular fatty acids and compares the results with the fatty acid profiles in its da

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Chen, De-Mao, and William S. Stark. "Electrophysiological sensitivity of carotenoid deficient and replaced Drosophila." Visual Neuroscience 9, no. 5 (1992): 461–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523800011263.

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AbstractR1–6 dominated electroretinographic (ERG) spectral sensitivities were determined as a function of days posteclosion from carotenoid deprived and replaced white-eyed Drosophila. The sensitivity of flies deprived from egg to adult waxed (about 1.5 log units by day 3), and then waned gradually from 3–11 days (over 2 log units by day 11). Carotenoid replacement (feeding nothing but carrot juice) effected recovery to near the replete control' level in about 1 day throughout (tested at 0, 4, and 11 days). The normal yellow cornmeal-agar-molasses-brewers yeast fly food (in our laboratory, sup

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Hammouda, A. M. "First Report of Sharp Eyespot of Wheat in Egypt." Plant Disease 87, no. 5 (2003): 598. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2003.87.5.598b.

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In 1998 and 1999, Rhizoctonia solani Kühn and R. cerealis van der Hoeven were isolated from lesions on basal leaf sheaths (2 to 4 cm above the soil level) of 48 wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell.). Plants were collected from 16 locations in Egypt in December 1998 (seedling stage) and March 1999 (adult stage). Disease incidence was approximately 20 and 30% during the 1998 to 1999 and 1999 to 2000 seasons, respectively. Mycelium was white to deep brown, branched at right angles with a septum near the branch, and a slight constriction at the branch base. Multinucleate cells and the pro

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Surussawadee, Janjira, Sasitorn Jindamorakot, Takashi Nakase, Ching-Fu Lee, and Savitree Limtong. "Hannaella phyllophila sp. nov., a basidiomycetous yeast species associated with plants in Thailand and Taiwan." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 65, Pt_7 (2015): 2135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.000231.

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Five strains representing one novel anamorphic yeast species were isolated from plant leaves collected in Thailand (strains DMKU-SP186T, ST-111 and ST-201) and Taiwan (strains FN20L02 and SM13L16). On the basis of morphological, biochemical, physiological and chemotaxonomic characteristics and sequence analysis of the D1/D2 region of the large subunit (LSU) rRNA gene and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, they were assigned to a single novel species of the genus Hannaella. The sequences of the D1/D2 regions of the LSU rRNA genes of four of the strains (DMKU-SP186T, ST-111, FN20L02 a

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Díaz Arias, M. M., G. P. Munkvold, and L. F. Leandro. "First Report of Fusarium proliferatum Causing Root Rot on Soybean (Glycine max) in the United States." Plant Disease 95, no. 10 (2011): 1316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-04-11-0346.

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Fusarium spp. are widespread soilborne pathogens that cause important soybean diseases such as damping-off, root rot, Fusarium wilt, and sudden death syndrome. At least 12 species of Fusarium, including F. proliferatum, have been associated with soybean roots, but their relative aggressiveness as root rot pathogens is not known and pathogenicity has not been established for all reported species (2). In collaboration with 12 Iowa State University extension specialists, soybean roots were arbitrarily sampled from three fields in each of 98 Iowa counties from 2007 to 2009. Ten plants were collect

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Joseph, J., B. G. Sumathi, M. Sinha, H. Vardhana, and N. S. Shetty. "Characterisation, Biofilm Formation and Antifungal Susceptibility Pattern of Candida Species in Cancer Patients at Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bengaluru." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 16, no. 11 (2024): 1940–46. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14518237.

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<strong>Background: </strong>Biofilm formation is seen in many pathogens like bacteria, fungi etc. It is one of the virulence factors of Candida species, an important pathogen and commensal. Indiscriminate use of antifungal agents, especially azole group in cancer patients may contribute to emergence of resistance in Candida isolates. Biofilm producing property of Candida also contributes to non-response to antifungals. Hence, speciation and detection of biofilm is useful for clinical management of Candida infections in cancer patients. Aims of this prospective study was to detect biofilm

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Taqi Al-Khazali, Maysaa, Ban Mousa Hassan, and Salam Ahmed AbedIbrahim. "Isolation and identification of Candida spp. isolated from patients with oral candidiasis in Kerbala, Iraq." Sumer 2 8, CSS 2 (2023): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.21931/rb/css/2023.08.02.18.

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83 oral swabs were collected from patients clinically diagnosed with oral candidiasis and Who attended the Children’s Teaching Hospital in Kerbala City. Samples were cultured directly on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar medium(SDA) supplemented with amoxicillin, and it was found that there was growth in 63 samples (76%) classified according to the type of pathogen 58 samples (92%) yeast and 5 samples (8%) bacteria. Most isolated yeasts belonged to the genus Candida, which amounted to 93.1% (54 samples), while the non-Candida yeasts recorded 6.9% (4 samples). Candida albicans was recorded as the dominan

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Blair, Justin, and Amy Biddle. "Stimulating Duddingtonia flagrans chlamydospore production through dehydration." Parasitology Research 119, no. 1 (2019): 123–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-019-06499-0.

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AbstractDuddingtonia flagrans is a nematode-trapping fungus that has shown promising results as a tool to combat parasitic nematode infections in livestock. The fungus interrupts the parasitic lifecycle by trapping and killing larval stages on pasture to prevent re-infection of animals. One barrier to the fungus’ commercial use is scaling up production of the fungus, and specifically of chlamydospores, which survive the digestive tract to grow in fecal pats on pasture, thus have potential as a feed through anthelmintic. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of dehydration on spo

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Varela, C. Pintos, J. P. Mansilla Vázquez, O. Aguín Casal, and C. Rial Martínez. "First Report of Phytophthora pseudosyringae on Chestnut Nursery Stock in Spain." Plant Disease 91, no. 11 (2007): 1517. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-91-11-1517a.

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Phytophthora pseudosyringae causes stem necrosis and collar rot of deciduous tree species (Quercus spp., Fagus silvatica, and Alnus glutinosa) in several European countries (1,2). In November 2006, we received diseased Castanea sativa seedlings from a nursery in Galicia (northwest Spain). These plants had tongue-shaped necroses of the inner bark and cambium. Reddish, sunken lesions occurred on the surface of the bark, either in the stem base or higher on the stem. Tissue from the leading edge of the lesions was transferred to a selective V8 agar medium (4) and incubated for 7 days at 20°C in t

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Sealy, Ramsey, Michael R. Evans, and Craig Rothrock. "The Effect of a Garlic Extract and Root Substrate on Soilborne Fungal Pathogens." HortTechnology 17, no. 2 (2007): 169–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.17.2.169.

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Pythium aphanidermatum, Pythium irregulare, Pythium ultimum, Phytophthora cinnomomi, Phytophthora nicotianae, Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium oxysporum, and Thielaviopsis basicoli grew and eventually covered petri plates containing a nutrient solution alone, but they failed to grow in nutrient solutions containing 10% or higher levels of garlic extract or a fungicide control. When plugs containing the fungal organisms exposed to 10% garlic (Allium sativum) extract solution for 48 h were washed and transferred to fresh cornmeal agar (CMA) growth medium, only F. oxysporum displayed growth. However,

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Feng, Yan, and Peter H. Dernoeden. "Pythium Species Associated with Root Dysfunction of Creeping Bentgrass in Maryland." Plant Disease 83, no. 6 (1999): 516–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.1999.83.6.516.

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Putting green samples (n = 109) were inspected for the presence of Pythium oospores in roots of plants from golf courses (n = 39) in Maryland and adjacent states. Twenty-eight Pythium isolates were recovered from creeping bentgrass (Agrostis palustris) (n = 25) and annual bluegrass (Poa annua) (n = 3) plants. Most isolates associated with Pythium-induced root dysfunction were from greens less than 3 years of age and were obtained primarily between March and June, 1995 to 1997. Eight Pythium species (P. aristosporum, P. aphanidermatum, P. catenulatum, P. graminicola, P. torulosum, P. vanterpool

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Qi, Yanxiang, Hong Zhao, Zhaojing Zhang, Yanfei Ouyang, and Xin Zhang. "Biological Characteristics and Fungicide Screening of Bipolaris oryzae Causing Leaf Spot on Banana in China." Microorganisms 13, no. 6 (2025): 1285. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13061285.

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Foliar diseases caused by various fungi severely affect the yield and quality of banana crops. This study was conducted to clarify the biological characteristics of Bipolaris oryzae (teleomorph: Cochliobolus miyabeanus), a pathogen reported in 2023 as a new etiological agent of leaf spot in the banana variety ‘Pisang Mas’ (Musa acuminata, AA group) in Hainan Province, China, and to screen effective fungicides for its control. The results indicated that banana leaf extract agar (BLEA) and cornmeal agar (CMA) were the best media for the growth and sporulation of the pathogen, respectively. The p

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Cacciola, S. O., A. Pane, S. Davino, and F. Raudino. "First Report of Phytophthora palmivora on Coronilla valentina subsp. glauca in Italy." Plant Disease 86, no. 3 (2002): 327. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2002.86.3.327b.

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The genus Coronilla L. (family Fabaceae), which includes several species native to central and southern Europe, such as C. varia L. (axseed or crown-vetch), C. emerus (scorpion senna), and C. valentina L., is used in Italy as a landscape shrub or potted ornamental plant. During the summer of 2001, 80% of approximately 10,000 1-year-old plants of C. valentina subsp. glauca (L.) Batt. used to landscape an industrial area in the Caltanissetta Province (Sicily) showed symptoms of dieback associated with basal stem and root rot. Plants had been transplanted from pots in April and watered using a tr

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Kelly, Michelle N., Douglas A. Johnston, Bethany A. Peel, Timothy W. Morgan, Glen E. Palmer, and Joy E. Sturtevant. "Bmh1p (14-3-3) mediates pathways associated with virulence in Candida albicans." Microbiology 155, no. 5 (2009): 1536–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.027532-0.

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The ability of the pathogenic fungus Candida albicans to cause disease requires rapid adaptation to changes in the host environment and to an evolving host immune response. The identification of ‘virulence factors’ using in vitro characterization of mutant strains has traditionally relied on a common set of phenotypic and biochemical assays (most often performed at 30 °C) and the subsequent correlation with their corresponding virulence in mouse models of disease. Utilizing a panel of isogenic mutants for the multifunctional signal-modulating 14-3-3 protein (Bmh1p), we have found that specific

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Benson, D. M., and L. F. Grand. "Incidence of Phytophthora Root Rot of Fraser Fir in North Carolina and Sensitivity of Isolates of Phytophthora cinnamomi to Metalaxyl." Plant Disease 84, no. 6 (2000): 661–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2000.84.6.661.

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A survey of Fraser fir Christmas trees in North Carolina for incidence of Phytophthora root rot was conducted during 1997 and 1998. Field sites (7- to 13-year-old trees) and nursery transplant beds (4- to 5-year-old trees) selected at random were surveyed based on foliar symptoms of Phytophthora root rot. Field sites were surveyed with a random transect method (>3,000 trees/field) or by counting all trees (<3,000 trees/field). Overall, incidence of Phytophthora root rot averaged 9% over the 58 field sites sampled, with a range of 0 to 75%. No relationship was found between number of year

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Katati, Bwalya, Stan Kovacs, Henry Njapau, et al. "Aflatoxigenic Aspergillus Modulates Aflatoxin-B1 Levels through an Antioxidative Mechanism." Journal of Fungi 9, no. 6 (2023): 690. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof9060690.

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Aflatoxins (AFs) are considered to play important functions in species of Aspergillus section Flavi including an antioxidative role, as a deterrent against fungivorous insects, and in antibiosis. Atoxigenic Flavi are known to degrade AF-B1 (B1). To better understand the purpose of AF degradation, we investigated the degradation of B1 and AF-G1 (G1) in an antioxidative role in Flavi. Atoxigenic and toxigenic Flavi were treated with artificial B1 and G1 with or without the antioxidant selenium (Se), which is expected to affect levels of AF. After incubations, AF levels were measured by HPLC. To

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McLean, K. S., and G. W. Lawrence. "First Report of Pythium Root Rot on Grain Sorghum in Mississippi." Plant Disease 85, no. 8 (2001): 922. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2001.85.8.922a.

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In May 2000, seedling death in grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) was reported in fields located in the delta region of Mississippi, following a wet planting season when precipitation and relative humidity were 50 and 10.5% greater, respectively, than the 5-year average. Seedlings exhibited various symptoms, including necrosis of the leaf tip and blade, collar rot, root rot, and streaking of the vascular system at the soil line that resulted in plant death. Tissue sections from plants with collar and root rot were plated aseptically on potato dextrose, V8, and cornmeal agars. Pythium ultimum w

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Ellis, M. L., M. M. Díaz Arias, L. F. Leandro, and G. P. Munkvold. "First Report of Fusarium armeniacum Causing Seed Rot and Root Rot on Soybean (Glycine max) in the United States." Plant Disease 96, no. 11 (2012): 1693. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-05-12-0429-pdn.

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In a survey for Fusarium root rot, soybean plants were sampled from eight counties across Iowa in 2008 to 2009. Fusarium isolates were recovered from surface-sterilized symptomatic and asymptomatic root tissue by culturing on peptone PCNB agar (2). Single-spore isolates were transferred to carnation leaf agar (CLA) and potato dextrose agar (PDA) for morphological identification; 11 isolates were identified as F. armeniacum (Forbes, Windels, and Burgess) Burgess and Summerell (previously F. acuminatum ssp. armeniacum) (2). Colonies on PDA produced white aerial mycelium, red to apricot pigment i

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Pratt, R. G. "First Report of Infection of Bermudagrass by Bipolaris sorokiniana in the Southeastern United States." Plant Disease 87, no. 10 (2003): 1265. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2003.87.10.1265a.

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Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc.) Shoemaker is a major foliar and root-infecting pathogen of cool-season forage and turf grasses and small grains in the southeastern United States (2). In North America, B. sorokiniana has been reported from bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon [L.] Pers.) once in California in 1961 (1), and rarely from other warm-season grasses in the southeastern United States. In May, July, September, and October 2002, B. sorokiniana sporulation was observed on leaves of common bermudagrass exhibiting necrotic lesions and dieback in waste application fields on three commercial swine f

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