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1
Nwapi, Chilenye. "Litigating extraterritorial corporate crimes in Canadian courts." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/43237.
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This study investigates whether and how Canadian courts may assume jurisdiction (both criminal and civil) over extraterritorial crimes/wrongs committed by Canadian corporations operating overseas. It examines the current state of international law to see whether there is any international legal rule prohibiting a state from assuming jurisdiction over conduct occurring outside its territory. It finds that no such positive rule is in existence, whether in customary international law or in treaty law, and that the only concern is the likelihood of diplomatic protests by states which believe that the jurisdiction sought to be assumed is a threat to their territorial integrity. It argues that although the type of jurisdiction envisaged in this study is not widespread among states, the absence of widespread state practice is not tantamount to prohibition, at least in principle. The study then looks at the Canadian domestic jurisdictional bases, both criminal and civil. On the criminal front, it finds that the real and substantial link test has enough flexibility to reach the extraterritorial conduct of Canadian corporations and that the expansion of the substantive bases of corporate criminal liability that occurred in Canada in 2003 bolstered the criminal jurisdiction of Canadian courts over extraterritorial corporate crimes. On the civil front, it finds that Canadian courts may assume extraterritorial jurisdiction under three distinct theories: the real and substantial connection test, necessity jurisdiction and the recently enacted Torture Victims Protection Act. It examines the bases for declining jurisdiction under the doctrine of forum non conveniens and calls for a reformulation of the doctrine to require a Canadian court to decline jurisdiction only when it finds that it is a “clearly inappropriate” forum, in contrast to the current rule that requires the existence of a “clearly more appropriate alternative” forum. The question of choosing the applicable law in tort cases is also interrogated. A call is made for the adoption of a rule that considers the nature of the conduct in litigation as an important element in the determination of the applicable law. On the whole, this study concludes that Canada holds prospects for transnational litigation.
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Chanjan, Documet Rafael Hernando. "Criminal liability of the middle managers and corporate crimes." Derecho & Sociedad, 2017. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/117163.
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Corporate crimes have become a highly widespread phenomenon in modern industrialized societies. The aim of this paper is to offer criteria and elements to evaluate criminal liability of middle managers of a highly hierarchical company for criminal acts committed by employees, which have been adopted and conceived by top managers of the company. To this end, different theories that have arised from the criminal doctrine to penalize managers of a complex organization will be analyzed, as truemediate authorship, co-authorship, induction and authorship in the omission. The research is justified to the extent that, criminal doctrine and jurisprudence, haven’t analyzed this issue deeply and, in the few opinions that about it exist, there are discrepancies about it possible solution.La criminalidad de empresa constituye un fenómeno altamente extendido en las sociedades industrializadas modernas. El presente trabajo busca brindar criterios y elementos para evaluar la responsabilidad penal de los mandos medios de una empresa altamente jerarquizada por hechos delictivos que cometen los subordinados y que han sido adoptados y concebidos por los altos directivos de la empresa. Para ello, se analizarán las diversas teorías que se han planteado en la doctrina penal para responsabilizar a los superiores jerárquicos de una organización compleja, tales como la autoría mediata, la coautoría, la inducción y la autoría directa por omisión. La investigación se justifica en la medida en que, en la doctrina y jurisprudencia penal, esta problemática no se ha analizado a profundidad y, de las pocas opiniones que hay al respecto, existen discrepancias sobre su posible solución.
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Capriola, Margherita. "Climate Crimes : Climate change and deforestation: a case-study of state-corporate crime in Peru." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Latinamerikainstitutet, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-144124.
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During the last decades, climate change studies have been focusing more intensely on its anthopocenic essence, as the consequence of production and consumption patterns that require the intensive exploitation of the environment. In line with this school of thought, and new generations of studies on environmental crime, this work aims to present the environmentally and climate-related issues arising from land degradation in the Peruvian Amazon; focusing on those casual mechanisms developed from the collusion between Peruvian-economic policies and new private actors such as transnational corporations (TNCs). Relying on the assumption that: the processes moving the issue of climate change overcome the global space, and can be observed from regional, national or local point of view; this work's purpose is to analyze how a single country as Peru, currently considered of low ecological footprint, could, by means of the definition of national laws (environmentally and economic-related) burden climate change. The analysis focuses on a single case-study identified with the territory within the Northern Ucayali and Southern Loreto regions in Peru, and builds on the theory of state-corporate crime developed in the 1990s by Ronald C. Kramer and Raymond J. Michalowski to define the role of state-corporate relationships in the production of social harms. To show how this relationship is today shaping the globally spread issue of climate change, the analysis of the palm oil industry in Ucayali is presented as main example of a broader phenomenon of transgression and partnership between private and public spheres in Peru. In this optic, the purpose is to give further contributions to the studies of climate change as state-corporate crime, focusing on the analysis of those territory, as the Amazon, whose preservation has been identified as mayor tool against global warming and which is instead harmed by the relation between private and governments interests.
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Keyser, John G. "Economic performance and corporate structure: an analysis of corporate crime causation." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/94508.
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The objective of this study was to assess the affect of economic performance, relative performance and corporate structure on the frequency of corporate crime. The data utilized in this study were obtained from the Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research and were originally collected by Marshall Clinard and Peter Yeager (1979). In addition to this data source, disaggregated economic data were collected in order to assess the volatility of economic performance for the corporations in the study. The collected data were then merged with the existing data set using the corporate identification numbers provided with an agreement of anonymity.
Pearsons's r was used to assess the zero-order relationships among all the variables in the analysis. A series of T-tests were also performed to examine whether offending corporations had significantly lower economic performance measures than did their non-offending counterparts. Finally, multiple regression techniques were utilized to assess the predictive capability of economic performance and corporate structure on corporate offending.
The bivariate analysis showed little correlation among the economic performance variables and the total and total serious violation categories. Concentration and diversification were significantly correlated with the violation categories. Diversification was also found to be highly correlated in a negative direction with all of the volatility measures. Similar results were found when analyzing the relative performance measures.
When comparing the mean economic scores of offending and non-offending corporations, mean performance was generally lower among offending corporations. Offending corporations, however, were shown to experience less economic volatility than their non-offending counterparts. With respect to relative performance, offending corporations were found to have lower mean economic performance measures than non-offending firms. However, offenders were found to be less volatile relative to their industry than non-offenders.
The regression analysis revealed a positive relationship with the trend of profit and a negative relationship with volatility of profit, both contradict theoretical expectations. In addition, the structural variables were found to be positively related to corporate violations, but they had little mediational effect with respect to the economic variables, as hypothesized.
Based on the findings of this study, the limitations and implication for an economic explanation of corporate offending are discussed.M.S.
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Waddell, Louise A. "Corporate environmental crimes in Scotland through the lens of green criminology." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2013. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=198344.
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This thesis considers the criminalisation of environmentally harmful corporate behaviour in Scotland, examining environmental law in Scotland through the lens of green criminology. The objective is to reach a conclusion as to whether an ecological extension of the criminal law, criminalising more corporate created environmental harms in Scotland, would increase protection of the environment. The aims of the thesis are threefold: firstly, it aims to rationalise the application of an ecological perspective to law. This is done in a literature review of green criminology and eco-philosophy, with particular attention paid to eco-critical criminologists. Secondly, it aims to explain that an extension of the criminal law to criminalise more environmentally harmful corporate behaviours would be both valuable and legitimate under the liberty limiting principles underlying the Scottish criminal system. This is achieved through an explanation of the theory of criminal law and applying the lens of green criminology to the principles which control the Scottish criminal system. Thirdly, the thesis aims to provide a description of the current legal framework that controls companies in Scotland, achieved by describing corporate structure and liability and current environmental protection in Scotland. The concluding analysis finds that increased criminalisation, based on the insights of green criminologists, would not be an effective mode of protecting the environment from harms caused by companies in Scotland.
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Theodorakis, Nikolaos. "Corporate crime : genesis, regulation and compliance. The role of law & policy in deciphering & preventing financial crimes." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708865.
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Kwan, Yee-wan Elsa. "A case study of corporate crime control in Hong Kong : toys and children's products safety control /." [Hong Kong] : University of Hong Kong, 1994. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13787561.
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Medeiros, Cíntia Rodrigues de Oliveira. "Inimigos públicos: crimes corporativos e necrocorporações." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/10752.
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Corporations are present everywhere and in almost every aspect of our lives, however, they can be dangerous to society, carrying out actions with negative impacts on consumers, workers, the environment and communities. In this thesis, we launched our eye on the dark side of corporations, exploring two corporate crimes committed in Brazil for two transnational corporations in the chemical industry, an industry predominated by large corporations operating in the form of oligopolies, within an industry to produce highly strategic inputs to production of most consumer goods. Our goal is to understand the corporate crimes beyond the functionalist perspective prevalent in the literature on the subject. To this end, we conducted a qualitative research based on critical perspective, focusing on two cases that occurred for over four decades in Brazil. To gather empirical data, interviewed former workers and employees of corporations protagonists of crimes, former residents of the community affected by the crime and experts, such as lawyers and health professionals who were involved in the cases. The interviews were kind of narrative, having been recorded and later transcribed for analysis. Besides the interviews, we gathered several documents on cases such as press, technical reports, judgments and sentences. We analyze the empirical material seeking to recognize that corporate crime occurred as an extension of the organizations and their way to organize, and not as unfortunate or unintended side effects. As main results, we develop the concepts of ‘necrocorporation’ and corporate crimes against life. Our analysis was extended on the joints engendered by corporations, the production of death, and the power, consent and resistance. In both cases examined, the crimes were committed in the pursuit of corporate objectives, causing the deaths and illnesses, as well as other irreversible damage to the environment and the community. Our results point to the need for a shift in thinking about the relationships between governments, corporations and society, starting with the dissolution of this model of business organization.
As corporações estão presentes em todos os lugares e em quase todos os aspectos de nossas vidas, porém, elas podem ser perigosas para a sociedade, protagonizando ações com impactos negativos para consumidores, trabalhadores, meio ambiente e comunidades. Nesta tese, lançamos nosso olhar sobre o lado sombrio das corporações, explorando dois crimes corporativos cometidos no Brasil por duas corporações transnacionais da indústria química, uma indústria predominada por grandes corporações operando em forma de oligopólios, dentro de um setor altamente estratégico por produzir insumos para a produção da maioria dos bens de consumo. Nosso objetivo é compreender os crimes corporativos para além da perspectiva funcionalista predominante na literatura sobre o tema. Para tanto, realizamos uma pesquisa qualitativa, com base na perspectiva crítica, focalizando dois casos ocorridos há mais de quatro décadas, no Brasil. Para reunir material empírico, entrevistamos ex-trabalhadores e trabalhadores das corporações protagonistas dos crimes, ex-moradores da comunidade atingida pelos crimes e especialistas, como advogados e profissionais da saúde, que se envolveram nos casos. As entrevistas foram do tipo narrativa, tendo sido gravadas e, posteriormente, transcritas para análise. Além das entrevistas, reunimos diversos documentos sobre os casos, como a cobertura jornalística, relatórios técnicos, sentenças e acórdãos. Analisamos o material empírico buscando reconhecer que os crimes corporativos ocorreram como uma extensão das organizações e de seu modo de organizar, e não como infortúnio ou efeitos colaterais não intencionais. Como principais resultados, desenvolvemos os conceitos de necrocorporação e crimes corporativos contra a vida. Nossa análise estendeu-se sobre as articulações engendradas pelas corporações; a produção da morte; e o poder, o consentimento e a resistência. Em ambos os casos analisados, os crimes foram cometidos na busca pelos objetivos corporativos, provocando a morte e doenças, bem como outros danos irreversíveis ao meio ambiente e à comunidade. Nossos resultados apontam para a necessidade de uma mudança no modo de pensar quanto às relações entre governos, sociedade e corporações, iniciando-se pela dissolução desse modelo de organização de negócios.
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Wong, Kwai-shim. "A study of corporate crime control on the supply of unsafe toys and children's products in Hong Kong." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18649518.
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Pitoulis, Terry. "Bloody Oil: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Safety Crimes in the Alberta Oil and Gas Industry." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31800.
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This thesis critically examines dominant conceptualizations of safety crimes – offences by corporations that seriously injure and kill workers – within the Alberta oil and gas industry. Using critical discourse analysis, and relying on and Foucaultian and Marxist literatures, the thesis critically examines the extent to which government fatality reports, workplace safety education campaigns and court decisions characterize safety crimes primarily as ‘accidents’ caused by ‘careless’ workers. Two main discourses were found: first, workers were responsibilized, effectively blamed for their own injury and death in the workplace while employers were characterized as largely good and law-abiding; second, serious injury and death was (re)conventionalized as the regrettable but largely unintentional and unavoidable side effect of capitalist production. In the process, the underlying causes of safety crimes, including weak and under-enforced laws and a socio-economic context that prioritizes profits over worker safety, remain untouched.
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Wolf, Brian Christopher. "Environmental crime and justice : the organizational composition of corporate noncompliance /." view abstract or download file of text, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3181136.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2005.Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 140-148). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Kuner, Janosch O. A. "The war crimes trial against German Industrialist Friedrich Flick et al - a legal analysis and critical evaluation." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2010. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_1823_1363782732.
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This research paper is an analysis of the case United States v Flick et al which took place in 1947 in Nuremberg, Germany. Friedrich Flick, a powerful German industrialist, and several high ranking officials of his firm were tried by a United States military tribunal for war crimes and crimes against humanity committed during the Third Reich. The
proceedings and the decision itself are the subject of a critical examination, including an investigation of the factual and legal background. The trial will be regarded in the historical context of prosecutions against German industrialists after World War II. Seen from present-day perspective, the question will be raised whether any conclusions can be drawn from the Flick case in respect of the substance of present-day international criminal law.
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Ream, Victoria R. "Big Energy, Environmental Crimes, and Sustainability: An Analysis of How Corporations Frame Environmental Issues amid Criminal Prosecutions." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1492768049963644.
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Kwan, Yee-wan Elsa, and 關綺雲. "A case study of corporate crime control in Hong Kong: toys and children's products safety control." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1994. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31977674.
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Chen, Ashley Lai Ming. "Is It Any of Our Business? Canadian Perspectives on Transnational Corporate Accountability." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35578.
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This study explores conceptualizations of transnational corporate accountability in the responses of Canadian organizations to a crisis in global capitalism. Empirically this study focuses on discussion and debate concerning the involvement of Canadian retail companies in the Rana Plaza disaster, which killed over 1,100 Bangladeshi garment workers on 24 April 2013. Information was drawn from Canadian Parliamentary Committee sessions, documents published by Canadian retail companies, governmental departments and civil society organizations, and nine semi-structured interviews with individuals possessing professional knowledge about corporate governance in global supply chains. A critical discourse analysis method, theoretically informed by the corporate crime literature, Gramsci’s concept of hegemony and Foucault’s notion of knowledge and power, examined the economic, political, and legal assumptions that characterized discussions about transnational corporate crime and accountability. Overall, dominant voices reinforced neoliberal beliefs about the effectiveness of allowing corporations to develop and implement their own means of transnational regulation. Claims describing the social benefits of free markets and flexible regulatory regimes overshadowed concerns about the dangerous and exploitive practices inherent in the production of private capital, which effectively reproduced the (de)regulation of multinational corporations.
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McCormick, Cameron Anthony. "Get mad, stay mad : exploring stakeholder mobilization in the instance of corporate fraud and Ponzi schemes." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Management, c2011, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/3248.
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Using a multi-case study, three Ponzi schemes were investigated: Road2Gold, Bernie
Madoff’s empire, and the Earl Jones affair. This grounded study used an inductive
bottom-up methodology to observe and describe stakeholder mobilization in reaction to
corporate fraud. This research on stakeholder behaviour in Ponzi schemes articulates
new theory for describing stakeholder behaviour and possible determinants for successful
mobilization to action. The data presented here point to a useful distinction in the
stakeholders in a corporate fraud: reluctant and engaged stakeholders. Reluctant
stakeholders seek only interest-based ends, whereas engaged stakeholders have additional
identity and ideological goals shared by a mobilized group.viii, 85 leaves : ill. ; 29 cm
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Carvalho, Helton Pena de. "Da concepção à negação da fraude corporativa: uma análise processual do caso do Banco BVA/KPMG." Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, 2016. https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/18326.
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Uma das práticas do dark side analisadas no campo dos Estudos Organizacionais diz respeito aos crimes corporativos, cujo gênero compreende a espécie fraudes corporativas. Não obstante os esforços empreendidos para evitar a ocorrência de fraudes corporativas, essas ainda continuam fazendo vítimas, a exemplo dos casos envolvendo a Boi Gordo, Banco Santos e Daslu. Em relação aos casos da Boi Gordo e Banco Santos, Costa (2011) identificou os elementos característicos do fenômeno da fraude e o modo pelo qual se criou um contexto favorável para ela. Estudos como o realizado por Costa (2011) ainda são incipientes na literatura, principalmente, aqueles que avaliam os antecedentes das fraudes corporativas. Esta pesquisa objetiva analisar a fraude corporativa ocorrida no Banco BVA, a qual contou com a participação da KPMG Auditores Independentes, como um processo, mormente a conduta da KPMG enquanto responsável pela auditoria do Banco BVA. Buscamos, portanto, reconhecer as dimensões individuais e organizacionais que antecederam a ocorrência da fraude na instituição financeira, compreender de que modo a KPMG atuou para favorecer a ocorrência da fraude no Banco BVA, bem como analisar os argumentos de defesa da KPMG quanto à sua responsabilização na ocorrência da fraude no Banco BVA. A pesquisa teve como norte os estudos anteriores sobre antecedentes de crimes corporativos, quais sejam, aqueles desenvolvidos por Bashir et al. (2011), Baucus (1994) e Zahra, Priem e Rasheed (2005), bem como a tese de Costa (2011), principalmente, em relação à identificação das categorias relativas aos antecedentes das fraudes corporativas. O estudo foi realizado por meio de análise documental, tendo como unidade de análise os processos judiciais ativos no Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de São Paulo que possuem a KPMG como parte. De todas as dez categorias escolhidas para identificação dos antecedentes da fraude corporativa, apenas três não foram identificadas no caso analisado, quais sejam: a falta de prestação de contas; a cultura corporativa (BASHIR et al.; 2011) e a organização (ZAHRA; PRIEM; RASHEED, 2005), no que se refere aos organismos de governança da companhia do Banco BVA. A dissertação contribui para a compreensão do fenômeno fraude corporativa, visto que lança luz sobre o assunto e, principalmente, por se tratar de um evento tão recente. A pesquisa expandiu o entendimento da fraude como um processo, tendo contribuído para ampliar o conhecimento no campo dos estudos organizacionais, mais especificamente, chamando a atenção para eventos que ocorrem no lado sombrio das organizações, ou seja, eventos que são raramente estudados e que, no entanto, fazem parte das operações corporativas. A pesquisa chama a atenção para a necessidade de se observarem as relações entre as firmas de auditoria e os entes auditados, sendo esse um aspecto que deve ser levado em consideração, tanto em relação à escolha da companhia, bem como em relação aos membros da equipe interna que irão se relacionar com a firma de auditoria, além de cuidados específicos quanto à contratação de ex-empregados de firmas de auditoria por empresas que são ou se tornarão, em futuro próximo, clientes dessas firmas.One of the practices of the dark side analyzed in the field of Organizational Studies refers to Corporate Crimes, specially the kind “Corporate Frauds”. Even though many efforts have been made to avoid these frauds they still happen frequently, for example in cases involving Boi Gordo, Banco Santos and Daslu. In the cases Boi Gordo and Banco Santos, Costa (2011) identified the characteristic elements of the fraud itself and how a favorable environment for it to happen was created. Studies such as the one performed by Costa (2011) are still relatively new in literature specially the ones that deal with antecedents of Corporate Frauds. This research has as its main goal to analyze the Corporate Fraud that happened in Banco BVA, and which had the participation of KPMG Auditores Independentes, as a process, mainly the conduct of KPMG while responsible for the auditing of Banco BVA. We are trying, therefore, to recognize the individual and organizational dimensions which preceded the occurrence of the fraud at that financial institution, understand how KPMG acted to help the fraud at Banco BVA to happen as well as analyze the defense arguments of KPMG concerning their responsibility in the Banco BVA fraud. The research had as its groundwork the previous studies about the antecedents of corporate crimes such as Bashir et al. (2011), Baucus (1994) e Zahra, Priem e Rasheed (2005) as well as the Costa (2011) thesis, specially according to the categories related to the antecedents of Corporate Frauds. The study was achieved by documental analyses using the active lawsuits at the Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de São Paulo which has KPMG as procedural part. From all ten categories chosen to identify the antecedents of Corporate Fraud, only tree were not identified in the analyzed case: Lack of Reporting, Corporate Culture (BASHIR et al.; 2011) and Organization (ZAHRA; PRIEM; RASHEED, 2005) as far as the corporate governance of Banco BVA is concerned. The study contributes to the understanding of the Corporate Fraud since it highlights the subjects and, most of all, because it is such a recent event. The research extended the understanding of fraud as a process, having contributed to the knowledge in the area of the Organizational Studies, chiefly emphasizing events that occur in the dark side of Organizations i.e. events that are rarely studied and which, however, are part of Corporate operations. The research shows the necessity to observe the relationship between Auditing Firms and audited subjects. These aspects must be taken into consideration, as to the choice of the Auditing Firm, in relation to members of the internal team who will deal with the Auditing Firm, as well as being aware of risks concerning the hiring of former employees of the Auditing Firms who are, or might eventually become, clients of these firms.
Dissertação (Mestrado)
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Wong, Kwai-shim, and 黃桂嬋. "A study of corporate crime control on the supply of unsafe toys and children's products in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1996. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31978241.
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Souza, Lionardo Dias de. "Crimes empresariais ambientais e políticas de responsabilidade social corporativa: a intercausalidade entre os termos em um caso perfumado." Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, 2013. https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/11988.
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In the search for sustainability in the present days, companies format policy stuffed of the
actions with responsible orientations in the social and environmental, at the same time that
show concern for the relationships between its stakeholder groups. Explain this format of
environmental management a delineation preventive and mitigation of environmental impacts,
proposing that the environmental issue is an organizational value. But, from the moment that
its operations cause environmental damage and social impacts to the society, such as
atmospheric pollution, the environmental context is checkmated. Soon, as the practice of
environmental crime comes against socially responsible discourse, this study aimed to
understand the causes of a common effect, existing in these contexts: corporate environmental
crime versus environmental responsibility. Methodological procedure to achieve the goals we
conducted a survey of descriptive character and qualitative nature of documentation of the
industries that are accompanied by the Secretaria do Meio Ambiente da Prefeitura Municipal
de Uberlândia-MG. The method of procedure adopted was the case study in an industry with
the largest historical occurrences of environmental crimes and involved as a source of
evidence documentation related to environmental crimes, documents, publications and press
releases related to social responsibility initiatives undertaken by the company. When
analyzing the possible causes of a common effect, it was possible to show the existence of
dissonance between the discourse of the organization that pointed to a stage where
environmental initiatives were considered a value and of a preventive nature of environmental
damage, but in fact, the company acted only in corrective regarding the mechanisms causing
environmental damage. In addition, there was not concern in managing relationships with the
community impacted by the crimes caused, mainly air pollution, which makes a case
\"perfumed\". This demonstrates the lack of an integrated environmental management, since
administrative actions do not go in the same direction of social and environmental policies.
Thus, it was possible to characterize the relationships between environmental crimes versus
environmental responsibility as: without direction, without pattern and indifferent. And from
this characterization, it was possible to propose a framework that enables the company to seek
an integrated environmental management.Na busca pela sustentabilidade nos dias atuais, as empresas formatam políticas recheadas de ações com orientações responsáveis no âmbito social e ambiental, ao mesmo tempo em que evidenciam preocupação com as relações entre seus grupos de stakeholders. Explicitam nesse formato de gestão socioambiental um delineamento preventivo e mitigador de impactos ambientais, propondo que a questão socioambiental é um valor organizacional. Mas, a partir do momento em que suas atividades operacionais provocam danos ambientais e impactos sociais junto à sociedade, como poluição atmosférica, este contexto socioambiental é colocado em cheque. Logo, como a prática do crime ambiental vem de encontro ao discurso socialmente responsável, esse estudo buscou entender a intercausalidade existente nestes contextos: crime empresarial ambiental versus responsabilidade socioambiental. Como procedimento metodológico para atingir os objetivos foi realizada uma pesquisa de caráter descritivo e natureza qualitativa na documentação das indústrias que são acompanhadas pela Secretaria do Meio Ambiente da Prefeitura Municipal de Uberlândia-MG. O método de procedimento adotado foi o estudo de caso em uma indústria com o maior histórico de ocorrências de crimes ambientais e envolveu como fonte de evidência a documentação relacionada aos crimes ambientais; documentos, publicações e comunicados referentes às ações de responsabilidade social desenvolvidas pela empresa. Ao analisar esta intercausalidade foi possível mostrar a existência de dissonâncias entre o discurso da organização que apontava um estágio onde as ações socioambientais eram consideradas como valor e de caráter preventivo de danos ambientais, mas que na verdade, a empresa agia apenas de forma corretiva com relação aos mecanismos causadores dos danos ambientais. Além disso, não houve a preocupação em gerenciar as relações com a comunidade, impactada pelos crimes provocados, principalmente a poluição atmosférica, o que a torna um caso perfumado . Isso demonstra a inexistência de uma gestão socioambiental integrada, uma vez que as ações administrativas não caminham no mesmo sentido das políticas sociais e ambientais. Assim, foi possível caracterizar as relações entre crimes ambientais versus responsabilidade socioambiental como: sem direção, sem padrão e indiferentes. E, a partir dessa caracterização, foi possível propor uma estrutura que possibilite à empresa buscar uma gestão socioambiental integrada.
Mestre em Administração
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Schmidt, Thomas M. [Verfasser]. "Crimes of Business in International Law : Concepts of Individual and Corporate Responsibility for the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court / Thomas M. Schmidt." Baden-Baden : Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1106338847/34.
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Aparac, Jelena. "La responsabilité internationale des entreprises multinationales pour les crimes internationaux commis dans les conflits armés non internationaux." Thesis, Paris 10, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA100031.
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La nature des conflits armés a significativement changé ces dernières décennies car ils sont devenus de plus en plus asymétriques. Des études multiples montrent que plus l’État est riche en ressources naturelles, plus il a la possibilité de subir un conflit interne de long durée. Parmi les acteurs impliqués, les entreprises multinationales contribuent directement ou indirectement non seulement aux conflits, mais aussi aux crimes qui sont commis dans ce contexte. Parmi elles, les sociétés militaires et de sécurité privées, les entreprises de l’industrie extractive et les institutions financières privées sont particulièrement impliquées. La première partie de cette thèse étudie la cristallisation progressive du droit substantiel et le fondement de la théorie de la responsabilité internationale des entreprises multinationales en raison de leur participation aux crimes internationaux. A la différence de l’approche traditionnelle de droit international public, le droit international humanitaire, applicable en période de conflit armé, est opposable aux acteurs non étatiques, et donc également aux entreprises multinationales. De ce fait, ce droit, ainsi que le droit international pénal, peuvent être des fondements de la responsabilité internationale des entreprises multinationales. Ce postulat a été accepté dès les procès de Nuremberg qui ont pour la première fois écarté le principe de societas delinquere non potest et reconnu le rôle des entreprises dans les conflit armés. Malgré la multiplication des initiatives de la soft law relatives à la responsabilité sociale des entreprises, force est de constater que celles-ci ne sont pas suffisantes, car elles ne prennent pas en compte les situations de conflits armés. Aussi, pour justifier l’application du droit international humanitaire aux entreprises, la présente étude identifie le statut des entreprises, leurs obligations et les conséquences de la violation, puis explique les modalités de l’attribution des crimes aux entreprises en analysant les formes directes et indirectes de participation en cause. La deuxième partie de la thèse explore les possibilités de la mise en œuvre de la responsabilité des entreprises devant des mécanismes et tribunaux internationaux. Dans un premier temps, l’auteur s’interroge sur les possibilités d’engager la responsabilité des entreprises multinationales devant les mécanismes pénaux, y compris devant la Cour pénale internationale (moyennant la modification du Statut de Rome). Enfin, la thèse s’achève sur une étude des mécanismes ne relevant pas de la logique pénale. L’auteur questionne ainsi les options existantes devant les institutions spécialisées en matière de droits de l’Homme et de de droit international économique. L’auteur parachève son étude par une analyse de la documentation des crimes d’entreprises, réalisée soit par des enquêtes officielles, soit par la société civile et des tribunaux d’opinions. L’auteur conclut que la voie de la procédure internationale pénale est la plus adaptée pour la mise en œuvre de la responsabilité des entreprises multinationales pour leurs participations dans des crimes internationaux, sans que cela exclut d’autres mécanismes compétents qui demeurent des voies complémentairesThe nature of armed conflict has shifted significantly in recent decades, becoming increasingly asymmetrical. Multiple studies show that more a state is rich in natural resources, the more likely it is to suffer a long-term internal conflict. Amongst different actors, multinational (or transnational) corporations contribute directly and/or indirectly not only to the conflict, but also to the crimes that may then arise. Private military and security companies, extractive industries, and private financial institutions are particularly likely to be involved in criminal conduct. The first part of this thesis examines the progressive crystallization of substantive law and the foundation of the theory of international responsibility of multinational corporations for international crimes. Unlike the traditional state-based approach of public international law, international humanitarian law, which is applicable in times of armed conflict, places clear and binding legal obligations on non-state actors, and thus also multinational corporations. As a result, this law, as well as international criminal law, can be a foundation for the international responsibility of multinational corporations. This postulate has been accepted since the Nuremberg trials, which for the first time dismissed the principle of societas delinquere non potest and recognized the role of corporations in armed conflict. Despite the proliferation of soft law initiatives relating to corporate social responsibility, it is clear that these are insufficient as they fail to take into account situations of armed conflict. In addition, to justify the applicability of international humanitarian law to corporations, the research identifies the status of companies, their obligations, the consequences of violations of these obligations and establishes the modalities of the attribution of the crimes to the corporations, and analyses the direct and indirect forms of participation of the multinational corporations in the crimes. The second part of the thesis explores possibilities for the implementation of corporate responsibility before international mechanisms and tribunals. In particular, the author is studying the option of engaging the responsibility of multinational corporations before the criminal mechanisms, including before the International Criminal Court (with the amendment of the Rome Statute). Finally, the thesis ends with a study of mechanisms that do not fall under the criminal logic. Therefore, the author is exploring the most suitable opportunity before various institutions specialized either in human rights or international economic law. The author completes the study with a consideration of the documentation of corporate crimes, either through official investigations or by those conducted by civil society and People’s tribunals. The author concludes that the path of international criminal procedure is the most appropriate for the implementation of the responsibility of multinational corporations for their participation in international crimes without excluding other existing competent mechanisms that may constitute complementary proceedings
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Peixoto, Patrícia Daniela Fernandes. "Psicopatia empresarial e criminalidade económica: ao encontro do psicopata "bem-sucedido"." Master's thesis, [s.n.], 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/4937.
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Dissertação apresentada à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para a obtenção de grau de Mestre em CriminologiaA presente dissertação de mestrado prende-se em um maior aprofundamento e entendimento sobre o conceito de psicopatia empresarial e se população em geral possui percepção dos diferentes traços de personalidade que completam este tipo de distúrbio, assim como a problemática dos psicopatas "bem-sucedido" e o seu impacto na sociedade e onde este se encontra. Para o efeito torna-se necessária uma abordagem ao distúrbio de personalidade psicopática e como esta se difere da sociopatia e do transtorno de personalidade antissocial. Desta forma torna-se necessária uma abordagem relativa a evolução do conceito assim como aos diferentes instrumentos de avaliação e diagnostico da psicopatia, assim como o seu enquadramento legal em Portugal. De forma a embarcar no tema da psicopatia empresarial, torna-se importante estudar o fenómeno da criminalidade económica e as suas implicâncias, assim como as características dos seus ofensores para um melhor entendimento de como os psicopatas se incluem no mundo corporativo. A inclusão de um psicopata em corporações pode provocar efeitos negativos na mesma, assim torna-se necessário que a população consiga perceber e identificar um psicopata de forma a saber lidar com o mesmo, no entanto é necessário apontar que nem todos os psicopatas são criminosos como poderá ser observado nesta mesma dissertação.
The current master's dissertation assembles in a deeper understanding of the concept of corporate psychopathy and the perception of the different personality traits among the general population as well as the definition and understanding about the "successeful" psychopath. In order to achieve knowledge to put up a study about social perceptions there's a need to understand the difference between psychopathy, antisocial disorder and sociopathy, as well the different measure instruments used to evaluate the psychopathy disorder and their legal issues in Portugal. In order to discuss corporative psychopaths, it's important to review the personality traits among White Collar Crimes offence, as well how economic crimes operate in a globalization era. Having a psychopath in a corporative enterprise can lead to some serious problems, however not all psychopaths are criminals, and some psychopathy traits can be useful in today's corporate business as we can see along the following dissertation.
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De, Carli Carla Veríssimo. "Anticorrupção e compliance : a (in)capacidade da lei 12.846/2013 para motivar as empresas brasileiras à adoção de programas e medidas de compliance." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/149239.
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A tese aqui desenvolvida é a de que a Lei 12.846/2013, também conhecida como lei anticorrupção, não será capaz de incentivar as empresas brasileiras à adoção de programas ou medidas simplificadas de compliance. A responsabilização administrativa e civil não é tão dissuasiva como poderia ser a responsabilização criminal. O estudo da lei por meio da análise econômica do direito sugere que um agente econômico racional não investiria em compliance, porque a utilidade esperada com a prática do delito é muito superior à utilidade caso a empresa não praticasse o delito, em razão da baixíssima probabilidade de ser punida. Além disso, os benefícios oferecidos – redução parcial somente da multa administrativa, sem possibilidade de atenuação das sanções civis – não compensariam o custo do compliance. Finalmente, a possibilidade de firmar um acordo de leniência e reduzir a multa em até 2/3 eliminaria a vantagem da empresa que possui e aplica um programa de compliance, em relação à empresa que não adota essas práticas. O trabalho foi estruturado em quatro capítulos. O primeiro capítulo estudou, à luz do direito comparado, as possibilidades regulatórias à disposição do legislador para a responsabilização das pessoas jurídicas, bem como as modalidades de culpa e a forma de atribuição dos atos das pessoas físicas às pessoas jurídicas. O segundo capítulo examinou o compliance no contexto do capitalismo regulatório, como uma estratégia de regulação responsiva para o controle da criminalidade empresarial. O terceiro capítulo verificou que a esfera administrativa e civil, escolhida pela lei 12.846/2013, não é tão dissuasiva como pode ser a esfera criminal, para a responsabilização das empresas. Além disso, examinou a lei sob a ótica da análise econômica do direito, concluindo que não existe uma ameaça crível de punição, no Brasil, por atos de corrupção. Por meio da comparação do cálculo de multas aplicadas a cinco empresas fictícias, sugere-se que uma empresa, ao analisar custos e benefícios, não investiria num programa de compliance, preferindo utilizar de outra forma esses valores. O quarto capítulo examinou os elementos de um programa de compliance e forneceu parâmetros para a avaliação de sua atividade, propondo um método estruturado em dois critérios: a presença dos elementos estruturais e a apuração da efetividade de seu funcionamento. A pesquisa concluiu que, para desequilibrar o mercado da corrupção e fazer com que as empresas adotem o compliance, será necessário aumentar a probabilidade de que os atos lesivos sejam descobertos, apurados e efetivamente punidos, e, ao mesmo tempo, ampliar os benefícios oferecidos às empresas que possuírem um compliance efetivo. Caso contrário, continuará valendo a pena apostar na ineficiência do sistema e não implementar um programa ou medidas simplificadas de compliance.The thesis developed in this study is that the Act 12.846/2013, also known as anticorruption law, will not trigger an increased use of compliance programs or simplified compliance measures by Brazilian companies. Administrative and civil sanctions are not as deterrent as criminal sanctions. The analysis of the act under an economic approach suggests that a rational economic agent would not invest in compliance, because the expected utility arising from the offense greatly exceeds the utility a company could get in case they did not commit the offense on account of the extremely low probability of being caught and punished. Besides that, the incentives offered – a partial reduction of the administrative fine only, without the possibility of reducing the civil sanctions – would not compensate the costs of compliance. And ultimately, the possibility of either a non-prosecution agreement or a deferred prosecution agreement, reducing the fine up to two thirds would eliminate the advantages of companies which use compliance programs in comparison to the ones which do not. The research is structured in four chapters. The first chapter analyzes, in light of comparative law, the regulatory choices available to the legislatures to punish legal persons, as well as the types of culpability and the criteria to attribute the acts of individuals to legal persons. The second chapter examines compliance in the context of regulatory capitalism, as a responsive regulation strategy for imposing corporate criminal liability. The third chapter shows that the administrative and civil regime of Act 12.846/2013 is not as deterrent as a criminal regime could be. In addition, the chapter examines the act through the lenses of the economic analysis of law, concluding that there is not a credible threat of punishment in Brazil for acts of corruption. Comparing the fines that would be applied to five different fictitious companies, the research suggests that companies, when reflecting on costs and benefits of compliance programs, would prefer to direct their resources into other activities. The fourth chapter presents the elements of compliance programs and proposes standards for the assessment of its effectiveness under two criteria: the presence of structural components and the effectiveness of their performance. The conclusion is that, so as to unbalance the market of corruption, it would be essential to greatly enhance the probability of detection, investigation and punishment of illicit acts, and, at the same time, increase the benefits offered to the companies which implement an effective compliance program. Otherwise, relying on the inefficiency of the system and thus not implementing compliance will still pay off, though.
La tesis expuesta consiste en que la Ley n. 12.846/2013, también conocida como ley anticorrupción, no sería capaz de incentivar a las empresas brasileñas a la adopción de programas o medidas simplificadas de compliance. La responsabilización administrativa y civil no es tan disuasiva como podría ser la responsabilización criminal. El estudio de la ley por medio del análisis económico del derecho, indica que un agente económico racional no invertiría en compliance porque la utilidad esperada con la práctica del delito es muy superior a la utilidad, caso la empresa no hubiese practicado el delito, debido a la bajísima probabilidad de ser punida. Además, los beneficios ofrecidos – reducción parcial solamente de la multa administrativa, sin posibilidad de atenuar sanciones civiles – no compensarían el coste del compliance. Finalmente, la posibilidad de firmar un acuerdo de colaboración y reducir la multa en hasta 2/3 eliminaría la ventaja de la empresa que posee y aplica un programa de compliance en relación a la empresa que no adopta estas prácticas. El trabajo fue estructurado en cuatro capítulos. El primer capítulo ha estudiado, desde la óptica del derecho comparado, las posibilidades regulatorias a disposición del legislador para la responsabilización de las personas jurídicas, así como las modalidades de culpa y la forma de atribución de los actos de las personas físicas a las personas jurídicas. El segundo capítulo ha examinado el compliance en el contexto del capitalismo regulatorio, como una estrategia de regulación responsiva para el control de la criminalidad empresarial. El tercer capítulo ha verificado que la esfera administrativa y civil, elegida por la Ley 12.846/2013, no es tan disuasiva como puede ser la esfera criminal, para la responsabilización de las empresas. Además, ha examinado la ley en el marco de análisis económico del derecho, concluyendo que no existe una amenaza creíble de punición en Brasil, por actos de corrupción. La comparación del cálculo de las multas aplicadas a cinco empresas ficticias, sugiere que demostrado que una empresa, al analizar costes y beneficios, no invertiría en un programa de compliance, prefiriendo utilizar estos valores de otra manera. El cuarto capítulo ha examinado los elementos de un programa de compliance y ha fornecido parámetros para la evaluación de su eficacia, proponiendo un método estructurado en dos criterios: la presencia de los elementos estructurales y la apuración de la eficacia de su funcionamiento. La investigación ha concluido que, para desequilibrar el mercado de la corrupción y hacer que las empresas adopten el compliance, será necesario incrementar la probabilidad de que los actos lesivos sean descubiertos, apurados y efectivamente punidos y, al mismo tiempo, ampliar los beneficios ofrecidos a las empresas que poseerían un compliance eficaz. En caso contrario, continuara valiendo la pena apostar en la ineficiencia del sistema y no implementar un programa o medidas simplificadas de compliance.
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Zyglidopoulos, Stylianos. "Three essays on reputational crises." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=36746.
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This dissertation studies the dynamics behind sudden, negative shifts in the corporate reputations of business firms, through three independent but related papers, a phenomenon that we refer to as a reputational crisis. This issue is of critical importance because the corporate reputation of a firm is one of its most valuable but potentially volatile intangible resources. Therefore, a better understanding of the situations where business firms suffer significant reputational losses within relatively short periods of time can contribute to both strategic management and business and society. From a strategic management perspective, the examination of sudden major losses in corporate reputation is an examination of the loss of what is potentially one of the most important intangible firm resources, if not the most important intangible resource of the firm. While, from a business and society perspective, an examination of sudden drops in corporate reputation could reveal the reputational impact that such sudden events have in the network of stakeholders (Freeman, 1984) who surround the firm and are, in a sense, the 'evaluators' of its reputation.The first paper of this dissertation consists of a theoretical exploration of the management of reputational crises caused by sudden and unexpected incidents like industrial accidents, scandals, and product failures. Drawing on the stakeholder and crisis management literatures, a model useful in providing a better understanding of reputational crises is developed. The second paper is an empirical investigation into the impact that accidents can have on the corporate reputation of business firms. More specifically the impact that a number of accident characteristics have on the reputational re-evaluations of two particular stakeholder groups, industry executives and financial analysts, is investigated with data drawn from Lexis-Nexis and the America's Most Admired Corporations (AMAC) survey of FORTUNE magazine. Finally, the third paper of the dissertation examines the Brent Spar controversy to investigate two issues of importance in the management of reputational crises: the reasons behind a company's decisions to buffer or bridge when faced with a reputational crisis; and, the role of stakeholder salience in this decision.
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Elias, Mahmoud. "Crisis Preparedness Within Manufacturing Organizations : A study on corporate behavior in the face of crises." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och industriell teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-447468.
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Problem: Crisis and crisis preparedness are being increasingly discussed within the business world. Especially now, when the current pandemic triggered maybe the most significant wave of economic downturns the globe is facing ever. Nevertheless, the Manufacturing Industry (MI) was severely impacted due to its dependence on the e.g., supply chain aspect. Therefore, it was interesting to explore how MO’s challenge crisis by investigating how they prepare for a crisis, i.e., crisis preparedness. A review of the topic within the scientific papers shows a lack of knowledge regarding crisis preparedness within MO’s. Purpose: This thesis aimed to increase how MO’s prepare for a crisis and explore what measures (actions) they use to prepare for a crisis. Method: This thesis followed a qualitative research approach (inductive) with a multiple case study design approach. The data were collected by three semi-structured interviews with three major organizations, where all the participants had a long experience with crisis management. Later on, the collected data were analyzed thematically (thematic analysis approach). Empirical findings: The empirical findings showed that organizations need to consider four main aspects when building a solid crisis preparation structure. These aspects consist of: (1) careful understanding of the environment the crisis occurred in, (2) possess extensive experience dealing with a crisis, (3) scenarios practices, (4) strong communication and transparency system, and finally (5) fostering crisis preparedness culture within the organization. All these aspects/skills must be acquired within the crisis management team (CMT). However, the communication aspect stood out more than the other aspects, which indicate the importance of communication within the organization. Contribution: This thesis contributes theoretically by emphasizing the essentiality of the communication aspect and its positive impact on a crisis preparedness process within organizations. Likewise, from a managerial perspective, this thesis suggests that organizations should implement a crisis communication hub, where all departments within an organization possess all necessary tools to help them survive any crisis through an effective communication system.Confidential
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Wright, Courtney. "Responding to Crises: A Test of the Situational Crisis Communication Theory." Scholar Commons, 2008. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/91.
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Crisis management includes efforts designed to prevent and to detect potential crises, and to learn from crisis experiences. The SCCT posits that certain crisis responses (matched) produce better outcomes for organizations than others (unmatched), depending on the situation. In addition, the results from this study attempt to support the situational crisis communication theory in aiding crisis managers in protecting their organizations against crises.
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Gibbs, Carole Elizabeth. "Corporate citizenship, sanctions, and environmental crime." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/3920.
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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2006.Thesis research directed by: Criminology and Criminal Justice. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Condirston, Erin. "Traditional Crime vs. Corporate Crime: A Comparative Risk Discourse Analysis." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20315.
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With the knowledge that risk has become an omnipresent concept used to understand various social problems, this study aims to fill a perceived gap in literature by investigating the way in which risk discourse is applied to understand different categories of crime, namely traditional crime and corporate crime. It is hypothesized that risk logic
is heavily applied to the understanding of traditional crime, with minimal attribution to conversations surrounding corporate crime. The pervasiveness of risk as a technique or tactic of government renders the study of its application to different types of crime an important addition to the existing risk literature. Using the method of a comparative content analysis, the parallels and discrepancies between the ways in which risk is used to discuss traditional and corporate crime by Canadian federal criminal justice organizations are explored. The results indicate a lack of focus on risk logic with respect to corporate
crime, but demonstrate that risk discourse is perhaps not altogether absent from corporate crime discussions.
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Boissel, Charles. "Essays in Empirical Corporate Finance." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLH008/document.
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Cette thèse réalisée au sein du département finance d’HEC Paris est constituée de trois parties. La première s’intéresse à la résilience des chambres de compensation en temps de crise. C’est un travail réalisé avec François Derrien, Evren Örs et David Thesmar dans lequel nous montrons que le manque de régulation de ces acteurs conduit à une détérioration de la confiance qui leur est accordée quand les conditions macroéconomiques se détériorent. Ceci impacte alors négativement leur capacité à assurer une liquidité suffisante sur le marché interbancaire. Le deuxième chapitre porte sur l’impact de la concentration du secteur bancaire autour de quelques grands groupes sur l’allocation macroéconomique du crédit. J’y développe une approche innovante pour répondre à cette question et montre que cet impact est limité: les chocs idiosyncratiques des "big players" n’ont qu’un rôle limité dans la fluctuation du crédit aggrégé. La dernière partie est un travail réalisé avec Adrien Matray et Thomas Bourveau. Nous nous intéressons à la transmission de la culture du risque au sein du secteur bancaire et montrons que les filiales d’un groupe bancaire tendent à converger quant à leur évaluation du risque futur. En retour, cela peut amener à une sous-évaluation de ce dernier et impacter la stabilité financièreThis thesis is divided into three chapters. The first one deals with Central Clearing Counterparties (CCPs) and their resiliency in crisis times. This is a joint work with François Derrien, Evren Ors and David Thesmar. Focusing on CCPs backed repo trades during the eurozone crisis, we show that the market factored in the default of CCPs. In turn, this affected their capacity to ensure liquidity in the interbank market. Our results have strong consequences for the way CCPs should be regulate. The second chapter aims at quantifying the impact of the rise of the concentration in the banking sector on aggregate credit fluctuations. Building on novel empirical approach, I show that big players’ idiosyncratic shocks have a limited impact on aggregate credit. The explanation lies in the fact that the strength of banking groups idiosyncratic shocks is limited compared to aggregate and subsidiaries level ones. The last chapter, a joint work with Thomas Bourveau and Adrien Matray, focuses on the transmission of corporate risk culture. We show that subsidiaries of the same banking group tend to assess future risks in similar ways. In turn, this gives insights on how banking crisis can spread be fueled by corporate risk culture
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Santos, Hugo Miguel Bio. "Determinants of corporate credit defaults in a portuguese bank." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/10673.
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Mestrado em FinançasAs empresas passam por muitas dificuldades e objetivos durante a sua existência e, por essa razão, muitas vezes têm de recorrer a um empréstimo bancário. Incumprimento de crédito acontece quando uma empresa não consegue pagar uma obrigação imposta pelo banco, na celebração do contrato de empréstimo. Este trabalho levará a cabo um levantamento de probabilidade de incumprimento por parte das empresas portuguesas. Vamos testar uma amostra de 1749 empréstimos a empresas portuguesas concedidos por um banco português. Desta amostra, 279 empréstimos entraram em incumprimento. Conduzimos um modelo probit e um modelo de duração, descobrindo-se que uma crise financeira aumenta a probabilidade de incumprimento. Também existe evidência que as empresas pertencentes ao sector da construção têm mais probabilidade de entrar em incumprimento. A taxa de juro agregada ao empréstimo também tem um papel importante: maiores taxas de juro tendem a aumentar a probabilidade de incumprimento. Não existe evidência que as vendas da empresa e o montante inicial do empréstimo modifiquem a probabilidade de incumprimento. Uma empresa leva, em média, 839 dias para entrar em incumprimento.
Firms go through many difficulties and goals during their existence and, for that reason, many times they have to ask a bank for a loan. Credit Default happens when a certain firm cannot pay a scheduled obligation imposed by the bank at the loan contract celebration. This work intends to conduct a survey of probability of default by Portuguese firms. We test a sample of 1749 loans to Portuguese firms that have an account in a Portuguese bank. From this sample, 279 loans entered into default. We perform a probit model and a duration model and find that economic crisis increase the probability of default. There is also evidence that firms of the construction sector are more likely to enter in default. The loan's interest rate also plays an important role: higher interest rates tend to increase the probability of default. There is no evidence that the sales of the firm and the initial amount of the loan modify the probability of default. A firm entering in default lasts, on average, 839 days.
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Bandala, Jesus G. Munoz. "Domestic financial & corporate vulnerability to currency crises in emerging markets : an analysis of Mexico after the 1994 crisis." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.420548.
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Johnston, Kristine. "Extracting Truths: State Regulation and the Canadian Ombudsperson for Responsible Enterprise." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/42602.
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Taking the Canadian Ombudsperson for Responsible Enterprise (CORE) as its empirical focus, this study engages in a critical analysis of (capitalist) state regulation and corporate social responsibility as it relates to the Canadian extractive industry. Using a theoretical-analytical combination of Marx’s ideology theory and critical discourse analysis, the study explores discourses pertaining to the introduction, creation, and role of the CORE – the Canadian state’s most recent response to corporate harms and crimes within the industry – to uncover the factors that shaped this process. Further informed by critical criminological literature on corporate crime, the study found that dominant neoliberal capitalist narratives prevailed in determinations of which regulatory approach should be adopted by the state. Dominant voices sidetracked counter-hegemonic claims in debates about human rights and international development by prioritizing the economy, leaning on Canada’s “good” global reputation, downplaying the violence of the industry, and redirecting blame. Ideological assumptions about the nature of state regulation, corporations, and capitalist law and politics further influenced which knowledge claims “won out.” Despite the emergence of the CORE as a logical state response to corporate crime and impunity, however, debates about its role are ongoing. This not only reinforces the idea that (capitalist) dominance is never absolute but signals the ever-present nature of resistance and possibility for change.
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Dincbas, Karakaya Neslihan. "Essays in banking and corporate finance." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLH013/document.
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Cette thèse se compose de trois chapitres distincts. Le premier chapitre examine le lien de causalité entre l’offre de prêts syndiqués par des banques et les contributions de campagnes électorales par des entreprises non-financières aux États-Unis au cours de la crise financière de 2007–2008. Les résultats indiquent qu’une diminution de 10% de l’offre de prêt à une entreprise donnée par ses prêteurs pré-crise pendant la première période de crise entraîne une augmentation de 9% des contributions de campagne par cette entreprise en 2008. De plus, le niveau de contributions de campagne par des entreprises dans le passé est positivement associé à des conditions de prêt favorables dans l’avenir. Les résultats appuient l’idée que les contributions de campagne sont un investissement dans le capital politique plutôt qu’une simple forme de bien de consommation. Le deuxième chapitre identifie l’effet d’exposition industrielle de banques avant leur entrée sur le marché sur la croissance de production des secteurs de fabrication. Les résultats indiquent que plus grande est la différence de spécialisation dans un secteur entre deux états, plus grand est l’impact d’intégration bancaire sur la croissance de ce secteur dans l’état qui est moins spécialisé. Le dernier chapitre examine si l’intégration bancaire dans plusieurs régions a un impact sur le marché de contrôle des entreprises entre elles. Les résultats indiquent qu’il y a plus de fusions, acquisitions et cessions dans les paires d’états dont les systèmes bancaires ont connu une plus grande intégration, par rapport à des paires d’états sans une telle intégration. Les résultats dans les deux derniers chapitres indiquent un canal bancaire qui façonne le paysage industriel d’étatsThis dissertation is made of three distinct chapters. The first chapter examines the causal link between banks’ syndicated loan supply and non-financial firms’ campaign contributions for US elections during the 2007-2008 financial crisis. The results indicate that a 10% decrease in loan supply of a given firm by its pre-crisis relationship lenders during the early crisis period leads to a 9% increase in firm’s campaign contributions in 2008. Further, firms’ level of past campaign contributions is positively associated with favorable loan terms for the future. The findings lend support to the idea that campaign contributions are an investment in political capital rather than merely a form of consumption good. The second chapter identifies the effect of banks’ industry exposures prior to market-entry on the output growth of manufacturing sectors through US bank-entry deregulations. The findings indicate that the larger the discrepancy in specialization in an industry between a state-pair, the higher the impact of banking integration on the growth of that sector in the state that is less-specialized. The last chapter examines whether banking integration across regions has any impact on the market for corporate control between them. The results show that there are more M&As and divestitures across state-pairs whose banking systems have experienced a higher integration, compared to state-pairs with no such integration. The findings in the last two chapters indicate a banking channel that shapes the states’ industrial landscape
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McGurrin, Danielle. "Fabrication : corporate and governmental crime in the apparel Industry." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2007. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002020.
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Winters, Veronica Jane. "State-Corporate Crime in the Democratic Republic of Congo." Scholar Commons, 2013. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4615.
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This study addresses the need for a parsimonious theoretical model to explain state-corporate crime. The Integrated Theoretical Model of State-Corporate Crime will be compared to the Integrated Theory of International Criminal Law Violation to determine which model provides the most accurate theoretical depiction of state- corporate crime, while retaining parsimony. For this comparison, the models will be applied to Democratic Republic of Congo case study. Using a secondary analysis of qualitative data and preexisting literature, it was found that the Integrated Theoretical Model of State-Corporate Crime displays a representative depiction of all state-corporate crime actors and their catalysts for action in a more parsimonious manner than the Integrated Theory of International Criminal Law Violation.
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Yao, Kun. "Preventing a crime? exploring the impact of corporate governance on corporate illegal behavior in China /." View abstract or full-text, 2006. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?MGTO%202006%20YAO.
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Ibarra, Olivares Rebeca. "Social mechanisms of tax behaviour." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:2893069a-a2bf-46ff-a769-e9ec4ec58b48.
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The main goal of this thesis is to provide a sociologically informed analysis of tax avoidance and tax evasion in contemporary Mexico and Sweden, focusing particular attention on the explanatory role of social networks, social interactions, and positive feedback mechanisms. Two major data sources are used: (1) A panel dataset that includes all persons, 16 years or older, who resided in Stockholm County during at least one of the years 1990 to 2003 (N=1,967,993). The dataset includes detailed information on the socio-demographic characteristics, kinship networks, and criminal offences of these individuals; (2) A random sample of 36,949 firms that appeared in the Mexican Federal Register of Taxpayers for the year 2002. The records of the Mexican Federal Administrative Fiscal Tribunal provided data on all types of tax claims appealed before them during the 2002-2008 period. A variety of approaches and techniques are used such as agent-based simulation models, discrete time event history models, random effect logit models, and hierarchical linear models. These models are used to test different hypotheses related to the role of social networks, social interactions, and positive feedback mechanisms in explaining tax behaviour. There are five major empirical findings. (1) Networks seem to matter for individuals' tax behaviour because exposure to tax crimes of family members appears to increase a person’s likelihood of committing a tax crime. (2) Positive feedback mechanisms appear relevant because if a person commits a tax crime, it seems to increase the likelihood that the person will commit more tax crimes in the future. (3) Positive feedback mechanisms are also important for explaining corporate tax behaviour because a firm that has engaged in legal tax avoidance in the past appears to be more likely to engage in tax avoidance in the future. (4) Network effects are important in the corporate world because exposure to the tax avoidance of other firms increase the propensity of a firm to engage in tax avoidance. (5) Substitution effects between tax evasion and tax avoidance are likely to exist because when tax evasion becomes more prevalent in a firm’s environment, their likelihood of engaging in legal tax avoidance is lowered. The results underscore the importance of a sociological perspective on tax behaviour that takes into account social interactions and positive feedback mechanisms. In order to understand microscopic as well as macroscopic tax evasion patterns, the results presented in this thesis suggest that much more attention must be given to mechanisms through which taxation crimes breed more taxation crimes.
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Hsu, Yi-Shan. "Corporate social responsibility and crisis communication Nike Taiwan Jordan crisis vs. Paolyta Bullwild crisis /." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0014541.
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Junaid, Ahmad. "Liquidity spirals, commonality, corporate governance and crisis : a case of an emerging market." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM1038.
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Dans cette étude, nous essayons de combler le fossé entre deux courants de la littérature. Tout d'abord, nous menons une enquête approfondie sur les relations entre la liquidité et la baisse du marché dans un pays émergent (Brésil). Dans notre recherche, nous suivons la méthodologie utilisée par Hameed et al (2010) et Adrian et al (2011). Dans la première partie de l'étude, en utilisant la variable d'estimation de la mesure de liquidité proposée par Corwin et Schultz (2012), nous effectuons une analyse des séries temporelles pour estimer l'effet des rendements sur le marché des rentabilités individuelles, et l'impact de la crise sur la liquidité. Nous étendons en outre notre analyse à la liquidité des financements, mesurée par l'écart de la rémunération entre les "commercial papers" et le taux de base de la banque centrale, pour estimer l'effet de la baisse du marché lorsque les spéculateurs sont confrontés à une contrainte de financement. Dans la deuxième partie de notre recherche nous nous intéressons aux facteurs de la liquidité. Nous estimons l'effet de la liquidité du marché sur liquidité idiosyncrasique, et examinons si cet effet est amplifié dans le contexte de baisse importante des marchés. Dans la troisième partie de la thèse, nous répartissons les actions en trois portefeuilles equi-pondérés en fonction des pratiques de gouvernance d'entreprise différentielles. Nous effectuons l'analyse mentionnée ci-dessus pour estimer si la liquidité des entreprises ayant des pratiques de gouvernance d'entreprise différentes réagit différemment en présence de baisse importante des marchés et de spirales de liquiditéIn this study we try to bridge the gap between two strands of literature, first we conduct a thorough investigation about relation between, Market liquidity, funding liquidity and market declines in an emerging market i.e. Brazil. Then we conduct the analysis in the context of differential corporate governance practices and try to find if higher corporate governance practices have an effect on liquidity and how it affects stock liquidity in market declines. We closely follow the methodology used by Hameed et al (2010) and Adrian et al (2011). In the first part of the paper, using the High-Low spread estimator proposed by Corwin et Schultz (2012) as our liquidity proxy, we conduct a time series analysis to estimate the effect of individual returns market returns, and large market declines on liquidity. We further extend our analysis to include funding liquidity, measured by the spread between the commercial paper and the central bank rate, to estimate the effect of market declines when speculators face a funding constraint. In the second part of our analysis we move towards liquidity commonality. We estimate the effect of market wide liquidity movements on individual stock liquidity, and whether this effect is amplified in the context of large market downturns. In the third part of the paper we sort the stocks into three equally weighted portfolios based on differential corporate governance practices. We conduct the above mentioned liquidity analysis to estimate if liquidity of firms with differential corporate governance practices react differently in the times of large market downturns and liquidity spirals
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Gallagher, Ann T. "Empathy during times of crisis and corporate reputation." Thesis, Gonzaga University, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1538993.
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How an organization responds to victims is central to crisis communication management and protecting organizational reputation. While there is significant literature about best practices for crisis response, one area which has not been explored is the relationship of empathic communication and corporate reputation during times of conflict. This study examined this relationship through a study of the British Petroleum Gulf Oil crisis of 2010. The qualitative study used focus groups with working professionals and personal interviews with communication experts. The research is grounded in Coombs' (1998) Situational Crisis Communication Theory (SCCT), and Benoit's (1977) image restoration theory, which is used to describe how organizations respond to accusations to maintain a favorable reputation. The study found that empathy during a crisis has a positive influence on corporate reputation. This study supplements the existing literature on best practices for crisis response strategies. The application of this research is valuable to organizations because it will help them handle crises, protect its stakeholders, improve the conditions of its victims, and preserve their reputation. Further research is necessary to determine if the use of empathy during non-crisis situations also has an impact on organizational reputation, and to explore the relationship between the role of empathy and corporate financial performance.
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Sullivan, Brandon A. "Scandal and Reform: An Examination of Societal Responses to Major Financial and Corporate Crime." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1277141954.
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Nowakowski, Jesse. "A Critical Examination of Investor State Dispute Settlement in Canada." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/39144.
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This study critically examines rulings of Investor State Dispute Settlement (ISDS) tribunals. Under the North American Free Trade Agreement’s (NAFTA) Chapter 11, ISDS provides foreign investors with the tools to launch a claim against signatory countries should they feel their investment was inhibited by local regulations. Empirically this study draws upon Windstream Energy LLC. v. the Government of Canada as a case study to analyze the competing responses exchanged during the tribunal’s hearings. The claim by Windstream Energy LLC against the Government of Ontario (GoO) serves as both a central and relevant example for examining the ramifications of ISDS, as it is one of Canada’s most recent defeats featuring the largest award outside a pre-tribunal ISDS settlement. Information was drawn from tribunal documents, referred to as a Memorial and Counter Memorial, which outline each party’s argument and supporting claims. Additionally, the tribunal publishes their final decision and justifications. A critical discourse analysis method, theoretically informed by the corporate crime literature and Gramsci’s theory of hegemony, helps in critically examining the economic, political, and cultural assumptions that influenced the tribunal’s decision and the state’s approach to foreign investment. Overall, dominant voices reinforced neoliberal beliefs about transnational market expectations and the role of the state under a globalized capitalist system. Justifications rooted in market logics prioritized the accumulation of foreign capital over the potential dangers of Windstream’s project. Ultimately, it is the inclusion of corporate safeguards, like ISDS, in free trade pacts that help to (re)produce neoliberal capitalist ideals and further reinforce status-quo economic relations.
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Campbell, Carolyn M. "Corporate Sustainability and the Recession: Firms' Strategy Response in a Financial Crisis." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2010. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/17.
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As the modern world deals with an increasing number of environmental and social crises, corporate sustainability is becoming ever more imperative for business. There is broad agreement that profit maximization can no longer be the exclusive goal of a company, with firms working to align environmental, social, and financial performance. Companies have demonstrated a wide variety of experiences in regards to the financial crisis and its effects on corporate sustainability. While some firms experienced serious setbacks in achieving environmental and social goals others firms claimed to have been ramping up sustainability efforts during the recession. However, most firms report that their corporate sustainability strategies have not been significantly affected by the recession.
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Ncube, Bhekinkosi. "Corporate governance : future perspective in light of the 2008/09 global economic meltdown." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/18183.
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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2010.This futures studies research report uses the Six Pillars of Transformation by Inayatullah (2004) as the methodology to explore the future perspective corporate governance may take in light of the 2008/9 global economic meltdown. The problem here being to understand the corporate governance failures that led to the global economic crises and the influences these failures may have in the future of corporate governance. This research report was compiled through secondary research material. The focus of this research report is on corporate governance, in relation to business related activities in particular, as opposed to general governance and not necessarily from a South African perspective only. This is because the South African corporate governance framework, from a legal and principles point of view, is very linked to Anglo Saxon countries’ frameworks and also that the South African economy is globalised (Naidoo, 2009). The description of corporate governance, by Sir Adrian Cadbury of the UK Cadbury Report (1992), as “the balance between economic and social goals, and between individual and communal goals . . . the aim is to align as nearly as possible the interests of individuals, corporations and society” comprehensively describes corporate governance for the purposes of this research report. Of particular note to this description is the multiple stakeholder balance approach, which the South African King Reports subscribe to, for sustainability purposes among other reasons. The anticipation of the future of corporate governance, as the second pillar of futures transformation, is discussed by describing the related emerging issue analysis thereof. These issues include corporate governance convergence and diversity. However, there are significant signs in various parts of the world, including South Africa, and as Keasy, Thompson and Wright (2005) mentioned that show corporate governance convergence more than the increase of corporate governance diversity. The history of corporate governance change patterns, as the third pillar of futures transformation, are explored to bring into perspective the likely changes for exploration on establishing the future alternatives corporate governance systems may take in future. This is in light of the latest major event of the 2008/9 global economic crises. These patterns of history date back from the end of the 19th century through the great depression, the World War II period until the recent major corporate failures that happened worldwide. The future and nature of corporate governance is further deepened, as the fourth pillar of futures transformation, by applying the Causal Layered Analysis and the Four-Quadrant Map in the causes of the 2008/9 global economic meltdown by corporate governance failures. The creation of corporate governance future alternatives, as the fifth pillar of futures transformation, are explored by outlining the possible, probable, plausible and preferred futures of corporate governance from information provided by the referenced writers of this research report. The preferred and ideal corporate governance approach would be a balanced corporate governance approach that has optimally converged due to the impact by the 2008/9 global economic meltdown, globalized and market based. In the last pillar of futures transformation, transforming the future of corporate governance, the policy implications of the preferred and desired future of corporate governance, according to this research report will be outlined, notwithstanding the challenges to achieve this desired future. These policy changes are likely to be both from a self-regulatory and regulatory perspective.
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Lindsay, Kathleen. "Financial Crises and Investment Behavior: The Impact of Institutional Investors." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2017. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2383.
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The following dissertation contains two related essays. The first essay explores how institutional investor presence impacts investments during the global financial crisis. Using OLS, industry fixed effects, and Heckman 2SLS regression approaches, I explore two ways through which institutional investors could impact investments: liquidity and monitoring. My findings best support monitoring theory. I find that institutional investors monitor capital and R&D levels to maximize crisis period firm value.
The second essay is a direct fallout from my first essay. In it, I investigate how institutional investor types influence investments. I ask, do certain types of investors improve liquidity or monitor firm investment behavior during the global financial crisis? My results suggest that long-term, dedicated institutional investors monitor firm investments more than short-term, transient investors. As a result, firms with greater dedicated investor presence perform better during the crisis periods than their peers.
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Alho, Laura Catarina e. Silva. "Reconhecimento de odores corporais em situações de crime." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/7988.
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Mestrado em Psicologia ForenseUma das formas mais antigas de os organismos se relacionarem entre si e com o meio envolvente é através da estimulação química olfativa, que desempenha um papel determinante em comportamentos de sobrevivência. Os odores corporais modelam a nossa interação com os outros, funcionando como um alerta para potenciais ameaças e despoletando respostas de luta/fuga. Devido à sua relevância ecológica, este tipo de odores é processado de modo singular, relativamente aos odores comuns, constituindo uma área de investigação recente. A inexistência de estudos que explorem as aplicações dos odores corporais em situações de crime, utilizando alinhamentos em que o reconhecimento seja feito por humanos, levou-nos a conduzir esta investigação. Aliado ao facto de que somos bons na deteção e discriminação de odores e que cada indivíduo possui um odor corporal único que pode ser transferido entre pessoas e objetos, colocámos como principal questão de investigação se serão essas capacidades potenciadas em circunstâncias que envolvam maior vulnerabilidade física e emocional (e.g., crimes). Foram apresentados filmes de crime (grupo experimental) e filmes de controlo (grupo de controlo) ao mesmo tempo que os participantes cheiravam um odor corporal, que instruímos ser do perpetrador no caso dos filmes de crime, ou do homem presente no caso dos filmes de controlo. Os participantes teriam de, por aprendizagem acidental, reconhecer em alinhamento o odor a que estiveram expostos durante o filme. Os principais resultados mostraram que o grupo experimental teve maior número de acertos (68%) comparativamente com o grupo de controlo (45%), sendo esta diferença estatisticamente significativa. Os resultados apontam assim para as potenciais implicações dos odores corporais no âmbito forense ao nível da redução da probabilidade de erro no reconhecimento de pessoas inocentes e na formação de órgãos de polícia criminal que podem desenvolver estratégias para as suas investigações. A compreensão do olfato em situações onde a sobrevivência é colocada em risco pode ser crucial na intervenção com vítimas e/ou testemunhas de crimes.
One of the oldest forms of how organisms relate to each other and the environment is through the olfactory chemical stimulation, which plays a key role in survival-related behaviors. Body odors shape our interaction with others, working as an alert to potential threats and therefore triggering fight and/or flight responses. Due to its ecological relevance, such odors are processed in a unique way, different from common odors, and their study represents a recent area of research. The lack of studies exploring the applications of body odors in crime situations using line-ups in which the recognition is done by humans, led us to conduct this research. Coupled with the fact that we are good at detection and discrimination of odors and that each individual has a unique body odor that can be transferred between people and objects, our main question is whether these capabilities will increase in circumstances that involve physical and emotional vulnerability (e.g., crimes). Participants viewed crime films (experimental group) and control films (control group) which were presented while they smelled a body odor that we instructed to be from the perpetrator in the case of the crime scenes and from the male presented in the control scenes. The participants’ task was to recognize the target-odor in a line-up of body odors by incidental learning. The main results showed that the experimental group had a higher number of correct answers (68%) compared to the control group (45%), with this difference being statistically significant. Thus, the results point to the potential implications of body odors in forensics in reducing the probability of error in the recognition of innocent people and in the training of criminal police forces who can develop strategies for their investigations. The understanding of smell in situations where survival is at risk can be crucial in the intervention with victims and / or witnesses of crimes.
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Kadlecová, Petra. "Automotive Corporate Strategy in CEE." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-10869.
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The diploma thesis shows the status of the automotive industry in the Czech Republic. It shows the trends in the Czech automotive industry in short theoretical presentation. There is a trend of the future competition from developing countries, other problems are growing raw material prices or government's limits in CO2 production. The companies connected to the automotive industry are reacting. The relevant information about the status and reactions of the Czech automotive industry companies, especially at the time of the crisis, was gained. The work answers the main question: How will the situation look like in the Czech automotive industry after the end of the crisis.
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Hebert, Jasmine. "Homicide Waiting to Happen: Sacrifice and Corporate Manslaughter Law in the UK." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37298.
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The original purpose or motive of the sacrifice, rooted in ceremonious or religious acts, was as a gift to a centralized power that ensured a common good or prosperity. In modern capitalist society, sacrifice is about “a willingness to sacrifice short-term gains for long-term gains” (Keenan 2005: 11) of freedom and fortune. What is concealed in this propaganda is that true freedom and prosperity is mostly restricted to a few exceedingly privileged and powerful individuals – and every year, these ‘short-term’ sacrifices include the millions of lives of the disciplined and altruistic workers that the system supposedly admires. Within this context, in recent years a growing recognition of the social and economic harms that corporations are capable of causing, specifically against workers and members of the public, led to the development of laws in several countries aimed at corporate manslaughter and corporate criminal liability. However, despite these legal advancements, the law continues to fail at protecting the victims of corporate harm and wrongdoing, and to adequately hold corporations and their actors accountable for their crimes. This research asks the following question: what role does corporate manslaughter law play in the reproduction of sacrifice and, in the process, violence and capitalist hegemony? This is done by interrogating the introduction and enforcement of corporate manslaughter law in the United Kingdom and the struggle for corporate criminal accountability from the socio-historical perspective of advanced neoliberal capitalism. Employing a theoretical lens that draws together literatures on sacrifice, law, and violence, this research shows that the law (re)produces particular understandings of sacrifice and violence that benefit the powerful, therein normalizing death and dying at work as the natural and largely unavoidable costs of modern employment relations. The research concludes that, to better address the systemic violence faced by workers, we must consider a restructuring of the legal enterprise and the ‘common sense’ understandings of sacrifice, violence, and harm that accompany it.
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Schell-Busey, Natalie Marie. "The deterrent effects of ethics codes for corporate crime a meta-analysis /." College Park, Md.: University of Maryland, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/9289.
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Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2009.Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Criminology and Criminal Justice. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Alexander, Chloe. "Permission to Pollute: Regulating Environmental Corporate Crime in the Alberta Tar Sands." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32236.
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This study explores how the Canadian and Alberta governments downplay environmental harm in the Alberta Tar Sands, therein justifying its ongoing expansion and defining it as unnecessary to intervene through the law. In particular, this study draws on the concepts of hegemony, social harm and deep ecology to problematize how climate change has become the governments’ main environmental concern in the tar sands, despite the existence of other, equally troubling issues, and how carbon capture and storage (CCS) has become the states’ main climate change strategy, despite the largely untested nature of this technique. A critical discourse analysis of two government taskforce documents concerning CCS technology revealed that neoliberal and globalization discourses were used to narrowly conceptualize environmental harm, thereby privileging Canada’s trade relations and economic strength over the environment’s health. Relatedly, discourses of scientism were used to conceptualize climate change as a technical problem and CCS as the “preferred” solution.