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Journal articles on the topic 'Corporate politics'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 18 February 2023

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1

Jamil, Nurul Nazlia. "Economic role of politics and corporate governance: reforms captured in Malaysia’s setting." International Journal of Law and Management 59, no. 6 (November 13, 2017): 839–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijlma-03-2016-0025.

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Purpose This study aims to examine the economic role of politics on corporate governance reforms in one of emerging market, namely, Malaysia. Design/methodology/approach The paper is based upon a literature review analysis. Findings The Malaysian economic, political and social settings have resulted in undue state and detrimental political influence on business, and yet the corporate governance reforms undertaken seemed not be able to resolve the matter. It is suggesting that it would be beneficial for Malaysia to have more independent regulatory bodies representing a wide variety of stakeholders to improve the transparency and accountability to ensure that the reforms are effectively enforced without conflicting with the political agenda. Legal institutional reforms also may be needed to improve the structure, capacity and performance of judicial system, as it is capable to capture reliance of economic role of politics and promoting accountability in Malaysia. Research limitations/implications The economic role of politics on corporate governance reforms is merely to broaden the political strategy in the corporate sector as the change in politics can improve the effectiveness of corporate governance reforms. Moreover, the economic role of politics raises the tone of the corporate governance reforms, and it implies that policymakers need to have effective corporate governance strategy in dealing with the reforms initiatives in areas that have strong political interventions. Originality/value Regulatory and judicial implications are offered as a means to improve corporate governance in Malaysia.

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2

Bhattarai, Ganesh. "Perceived Corporate Politics and Political Behavior: Cause or Effect for Each Other." Pravaha 26, no. 1 (June 1, 2020): 63–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/pravaha.v26i1.41831.

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In the literature of corporate politics, directionality (cause or effect) of the relationship between perceived corporate politics and political behavior is unsettled. This study was carried out to measure the association between employee's perceived corporate politics and their political behavior as a response to such context. Positivist research philosophy, deductive reasoning approach of research, and inferential statistic were adopted to infer the conclusion. Perceptual cross-sectional data were taken from the employees working in the Nepalese Banking industry. Structural Equation Modeling, using Analysis of Momentum Structure, was adopted to calculate the results. Data analysis of 725 respondents revealed that employees' perceived corporate politics positively affected their political behavior regarding self-promotion and ingratiation. Moreover, this study measured that employees' self-promoting behavior causes to predict their ingratiating behavior at the workplace. Practical implications, theoretical implications, and direction for further study are recommended.

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3

Gartrell, Kenneth D., and Thom Yantek. "Congressional Politics and Corporate Mergers." Academy of Management Proceedings 1986, no. 1 (August 1986): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.1986.4978283.

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4

Roślik, Natalia. "Corporate Politics on Polish Millennials." Polish Political Science Yearbook 46, no. 2 (December 15, 2017): 265–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/ppsy2017216.

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5

Liston-Heyes, Catherine, and Gwen C. Ceton. "Corporate Social Performance and Politics." Journal of Corporate Citizenship 2007, no. 25 (March 1, 2007): 95–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.9774/gleaf.4700.2007.sp.00010.

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6

Osterloh, Steffen, and Marc Debus. "Partisan politics in corporate taxation." European Journal of Political Economy 28, no. 2 (June 2012): 192–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2011.11.002.

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7

Hertel-Fernandez, Alexander. "Explaining Durable Business Coalitions in U.S. Politics: Conservatives and Corporate Interests across America's Statehouses." Studies in American Political Development 30, no. 1 (March 22, 2016): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0898588x15000152.

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Scholars of business mobilization emphasize that national, cross-sector employer associations are difficult to create and maintain in decentralized pluralist polities like the United States. This article considers an unusual case of a U.S. business group—the American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC)—that has succeeded in creating a durable coalition of diverse firms and conservative political activists. This group has emerged since the 1970s as an important infrastructure for facilitating corporate involvement in the policymaking process across states. Assessing variation within this group over time through both its successes and missteps, I show the importance of organizational strategies for cementing political coalitions between otherwise fractious political activists and corporate executives from diverse industries. A shadow comparison between ALEC and the U.S. Chamber of Commerce further serves to reinforce the importance of organizational structure for business association management. My findings engage with literatures in both American business history and comparative political economy, underscoring the difficulties of forming business coalitions in liberal political economies while also showing how savvy political entrepreneurs can still successfully unite otherwise fragmented corporate interests. These conclusions, in turn, have implications for our understanding of business mobilization and corporate influence in politics.

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8

Lyon, Thomas P., Magali A. Delmas, John W. Maxwell, Pratima (Tima) Bansal, Mireille Chiroleu-Assouline, Patricia Crifo, Rodolphe Durand, et al. "CSR Needs CPR: Corporate Sustainability and Politics." California Management Review 60, no. 4 (June 6, 2018): 5–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0008125618778854.

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Corporate sustainability has gone mainstream, and many companies have taken meaningful steps to improve their own environmental performance. But while corporate political actions such as lobbying can have a greater impact on environmental quality, they are ignored in most current sustainability metrics. It is time for these metrics to be expanded to critically assess firms based on the sustainability impacts of their public policy positions. To enable such assessments, firms must become as transparent about their corporate political responsibility (CPR) as their corporate social responsibility (CSR). For their part, rating systems must demand such information from firms and include evaluations of corporate political activity in their assessments of corporate environmental responsibility.

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9

Mohamed, Jama. "Kinship and Contract in Somali Politics." Africa 77, no. 2 (May 2007): 226–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/afr.2007.77.2.226.

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AbstractTraditional Somali politics was based on two dialectically related principles: kinship and contract (tol iyo xeer). Kinship was founded on the segmentary lineage system under which people traced their descent to common male ancestors. Agnates functioned as corporate political groups because they were blood relatives. But the blood relation was not sufficient to establish a political system. Agnates functioned as corporate political groups because they negotiated a social contract that defined the terms of their collective unity.

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10

Gourevitch, Peter A., and Mark J. Roe. "The Politics of Corporate Governance Regulation." Yale Law Journal 112, no. 7 (May 2003): 1829. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3657501.

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11

Levy, David L., Halina Szejnwald Brown, and Martin de Jong. "The Contested Politics of Corporate Governance." Business & Society 49, no. 1 (October 6, 2009): 88–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0007650309345420.

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12

Gerencser, Steven. "The Corporate Person and Democratic Politics." Political Research Quarterly 58, no. 4 (December 2005): 625. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3595648.

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13

Colli, Andrea, and Alberto Rinaldi. "Institutions, Politics, and the Corporate Economy." Enterprise & Society 16, no. 2 (2015): 249–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ens.2015.0013.

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14

Baker, Richard. "The corporate politics of CMM ratings." Communications of the ACM 39, no. 9 (September 1996): 105–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/234215.234477.

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15

Gerencser, Steven. "The Corporate Person and Democratic Politics." Political Research Quarterly 58, no. 4 (December 2005): 625–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/106591290505800410.

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16

COLLI, ANDREA, and ALBERTO RINALDI. "Institutions, Politics, and the Corporate Economy." Enterprise & Society 16, no. 2 (May 20, 2015): 249–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/eso.2014.24.

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17

Alok, Shashwat, and Meghana Ayyagari. "Politics, State Ownership, and Corporate Investments." Review of Financial Studies 33, no. 7 (October 7, 2019): 3031–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhz102.

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Abstract We document a political cycle in the investment decisions of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) by using the constitutionally mandated election schedule in India as a source of exogenous variation in politicians’ incentive to cater to voters. Using a project-level investment database, we find that SOEs announce more capital expenditure projects in election years, especially in infrastructure, and in districts with close elections, high-ranking politicians, and left-wing incumbents. SOE projects in election years have negative announcement returns, suggesting a loss in shareholder value. These patterns are not seen in nongovernment firms or in off-election years. (JEL G31, G38, D72, D73, P16) Authors have furnished an Internet Appendix, which is available on the Oxford University Press Web site next to the link to the final published paper online.

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18

Mithani, Murad A., and Ann Mooney Murphy. "The Politics of Corporate Political Choices." Academy of Management Proceedings 2015, no. 1 (January 2015): 15127. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2015.15127abstract.

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19

Shi, Yidan, and Ming Cheng. "Impact of political, guanxi ties on corporate value." Chinese Management Studies 10, no. 2 (June 6, 2016): 242–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cms-07-2015-0153.

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Purpose Guanxi is an influential factor of doing business in China. This research focuses on a specific guanxi type, political connection and studies the impact of political connection on corporate value. Moreover, in the technology innovation studies, few studies have examined the impact of politics on technology innovation of firm. This paper aims to examine the relations among political connection, technology innovation and corporate value by an empirical study. Design/methodology/approach A sample of listed technology-intensive firms in China is used. This research examines the impact of political connection and technology innovation on corporate value with two dimensions, namely, the owner type of firm and the political connection level of firm. Findings Based on an empirical study, this research has four main findings. First, technology innovation has positive impact on corporate value. Second, compared to non-connected firms, politically connected firms value more. Third, political connection to a government of higher administrative level contributes more to corporate value. Finally, the relations among political connection, technology innovation and corporate value differ by the owner type of firm. Originality/value This research contributes to the study of guanxi by considering the specific guanxi type, political connection, as well as to the study of technology innovation by considering the impact of politics.

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20

Verma, Ravindra Kumar. "Indian Politics: Haunted by Spectre of Post-democracy?" Indian Journal of Public Administration 63, no. 4 (November 22, 2017): 631–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0019556117726843.

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The dawn of 21st century has witnessed some new features of democratic politics that seem to be shifting away from what we call democratic. The impact of globalisation has created such a nexus among elites of politics–corporates–media that has made political regimes to ignore the democratic norms and well-being of common masses and overemphasise economic growth and corporate-friendly policy priorities. Besides, the approach of the political actors (parties and politicians), in the process of power-seeking, has shown unconventional trends. These features do not resemble either dictatorship or totalitarianism; rather they depict trends of aristocratic mode of decision-making by using democratic framework and institutions. Such trends have been termed as ‘post-democracy’ by recent Western scholarship. Indian politics is not an exception. These trends have created an imbalance between interest of social classes and corporative interests which has prompted political regimes to take tough decisions, in despotic ways. Though the present article does not posit that Indian democracy is on the brink, it attempts to underline the post-democratic features visible in Indian politics through examination of (a) party politics in terms of democratic framework, ideology, policy initiations and reforms, electioneering, etc.; (b) politicians–corporates–media nexus; and (c) modes and trends of politicians in communicating and relating with the electorate.

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21

Horn, Laura. "Corporate Governance in Crisis? The Politics of EU Corporate Governance Regulation." European Law Journal 18, no. 1 (December 14, 2011): 83–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0386.2011.00587.x.

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22

Wang, Meng, and Lining Gan. "Religion and Corporate Innovation." Business and Management Studies 4, no. 1 (February 26, 2018): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/bms.v4i1.3001.

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Innovation ability is an important factor to measure firms’ strength and is vital to the long-term development of the enterprises, previous studies have shown that financial position and corporate governance can have effects on corporate innovation, but put little attention on the informal system which may influence on innovation. This article selects religion as one of the informal system and tries to explore the impact of religion on the innovation input and output of enterprises. Using the data of A-sh are listed companies from 2008 to 2015, the empirical results show that there is a significantly positive correlation between religion and innovation inputs and outputs, and this positive correlation between religion and innovation is negatively regulated by the politics and marketization index. The results prove that politics and marketization index are substitution of religion on corporate innovation. In further analysis, the religion is divided into eastern and western parts, the results show that both eastern and western religions can promote corporate innovation, but the promotion effect of western religions is stronger. Negative moderating effect of political and marketization index on the positive correlation between religion and innovation still exists, and basically showing a more forceful inhibitory effect made by western religions on corporate innovation.

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23

Reich, Gary, and Pedro dos Santos. "The Rise (and Frequent Fall) of Evangelical Politicians: Organization, Theology, and Church Politics." Latin American Politics and Society 55, no. 04 (2013): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1548-2456.2013.00209.x.

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Abstract Latin American evangelicals have become a common presence in legislative politics. Brazil exemplifies the potential clout of evangelical legislators and a troubling tendency toward political corruption. This article explains the quality of evangelical interest representation by focusing on church organization and theology, arguing that evangelicals approach electoral politics via three different modes: rejection; participation as individual, politically engaged believers; and engagement as church corporate project. While individual participation is unrelated to political corruption, the corporate model fosters machine politics, characterized in Brazil by resource-based politics, narrow voter bases, and frequent party switching. We link these characteristics to evangelical involvement in two corruption scandals that occurred during the administration of President Lula da Silva. The analysis shows the central role of evangelical organization and theology in shaping interest representation and suggests future duplication of the church-as-political-machine model, particularly where the “Prosperity Theology” variant of pentecostalism is strong.

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24

Kurniawan, Robi Cahyadi, Dedy Hermawan, Himawan Indrajat, and Budi Kurniawan. "Capitalism and Corporate in Lampung Local Politics." KOMUNITAS: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INDONESIAN SOCIETY AND CULTURE 11, no. 1 (April 25, 2019): 22–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/komunitas.v11i1.13161.

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State and company / corporation in the context of governance are two of the three fundamental pillars of democratic development in addition to the market . The relation of both, in the context of Lampung's local politics is object to study, in particular the company /SGC. This research was conducted in May 2014. The study used a qualitative research type, which saw most of the intrinsic social life, with in-depth interviews with personalities and selected informants. The approach used in this study is the approach of critical social science (CSS), which saw social science as a process of critical inquiry phenomenon. The results showed that in Lampung local election at 2014 ago, there were strong relations between the corporation / company in the case of the Sugar Group Company (SGC) in the Lampung Governor candidates. SGC is serving as a source of funding for the campaign of the election for the last governor election in 2014. SGC does it as a way of business development.

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25

Jensen, Michael C. "CORPORATE CONTROL AND THE POLITICS OF FINANCE." Journal of Applied Corporate Finance 4, no. 2 (June 1991): 13–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6622.1991.tb00603.x.

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26

Wheeler, Sally. "Fraser and the Politics of Corporate Governance." Journal of Law and Society 26, no. 2 (June 1999): 240–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-6478.00124.

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27

McCarthy, Killian. "The Transnational Politics of Corporate Governance Regulation." Review of Social Economy 67, no. 2 (June 2009): 229–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00346760802245862.

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28

Kusch, Martin. "The Metaphysics and Politics of Corporate Personhood." Erkenntnis 79, S9 (April 19, 2014): 1587–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10670-014-9630-0.

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29

Beeman, Don R., and Thomas W. Sharkey. "The use and abuse of corporate politics." Business Horizons 30, no. 2 (March 1987): 26–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0007-6813(87)90005-x.

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30

Belloc, Marianna, and Ugo Pagano. "Co-evolution of politics and corporate governance." International Review of Law and Economics 29, no. 2 (June 2009): 106–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.irle.2008.11.002.

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31

Bures, Oldrich. "Political Corporate Social Responsibility: Including High Politics?" Journal of Business Ethics 129, no. 3 (May 6, 2014): 689–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10551-014-2200-1.

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32

Gelber, Steven M. "Kenneth Lipartito and David B. Sicilia, editors.Constructing Corporate America: History, Politics, Culture.:Constructing Corporate America: History, Politics, Culture." American Historical Review 111, no. 1 (February 2006): 198–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/ahr.111.1.198a.

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33

Cooper, Richard N., Peter A. Gourevitch, and James Shinn. "Political Power and Corporate Control: The New Global Politics of Corporate Governance." Foreign Affairs 85, no. 1 (2006): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20031861.

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34

Hill, Stephanie. "Politics and Corporate Content: Situating Corporate Strategic Communication between Marketing and Activism." International Journal of Strategic Communication 14, no. 5 (September 29, 2020): 317–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1553118x.2020.1817029.

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35

Thompson, Grahame F. "Global Corporate Citizenship: What Does it Mean?" Competition & Change 9, no. 2 (June 2005): 131–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/102452905x45418.

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This article investigates the relationship between corporate social responsibility and a phrase that is fast becoming a preferred description of much the same thing but now set in an international context, namely global corporate citizenship. It is argued that the distinction between these two has not been clearly enough made in the literature. In clarifying the difference, the political nature of the idea of citizenship is focused upon and the politics of introducing triple-line considerations into the activity of transnational corporations is explored. An engagement with a wide range of civil society actors by corporations to further the ‘ethical’ agenda, a reconsideration of ‘corporate democracy’ in an international context, and the idea of a ‘progressive capitalist’ group of companies that might spear-head genuine corporate citizenship are concentrated upon in this assessment. Finally, the politics of an alliance for global corporate citizenship is broached that would take companies well beyond the limited agenda of just noting and attending to their social and environmental responsibilities.

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36

Wrenn, Mary. "Identity, identity politics, and neoliberalism." Panoeconomicus 61, no. 4 (2014): 503–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pan1404503w.

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With the intensification of neoliberalism, it is useful to examine how some individuals might cope with the irrationality of the system. Neoliberalism cloaks the execution of the corporate agenda behind rhetorical manipulation that advocates for limited government. The corollary absence of government involvement on behalf of the citizenry writ large disarms the means of social redress for the individual. Democracy funded and fueled by corporate power thereby disenfranchises the individual, provoking some to search for empowerment through identity politics. The argument set forth suggests that individuals construct, reinforce, or escalate allegiance to identities as a coping mechanism, some of which manifest in violent identity politics.

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Gourevith, Peter A. "Political Power and Corporate Control: The New Global Politics of Corporate Governance20083Political Power and Corporate Control: The New Global Politics of Corporate Governance. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press 2005." Society and Business Review 3, no. 3 (October 3, 2008): 260–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sbr.2008.3.3.260.3.

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38

Nyberg, Daniel. "Corporations, Politics, and Democracy: Corporate political activities as political corruption." Organization Theory 2, no. 1 (January 2021): 263178772098261. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2631787720982618.

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Corporate involvement in democratic processes typically takes the form of corporate political activity (CPA). In this paper, I develop a framework of political corruption to explain the corroding influence of CPA on democratic processes. CPA corrupts democratic processes by excluding (a) citizen representation from political decision making, (b) citizens’ voices from public deliberation, and (c) citizens’ interests from private deliberations about political preferences. By attending to the power relations within the three key democratic spheres in society—political, public, and private—I explain how corporations influence democratic processes and how these processes in turn become dependent on corporate involvement. My theorization explicates the corporate capture of democratic processes and provides a nuanced understanding of corruption in Western liberal democracies. Finally, I suggest ways to halt this process and thereby defend democracy as a system of governance from undue corporate interests.

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Banerjee, Subhabrata Bobby. "Transnational power and translocal governance: The politics of corporate responsibility." Human Relations 71, no. 6 (September 19, 2017): 796–821. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0018726717726586.

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In this article, I provide a critical analysis of the politics of corporate social responsibility. I argue that corporate social responsibility is a strategy that enables multinational corporations to exercise power in the global political economy. Using the global extractive industries as a context, I focus on conflicts between communities, the state and multinational corporations that arise owing to the negative social and environmental impacts of mining and extraction. In particular, I analyse the role of political corporate social responsibility and multi-stakeholder initiatives in managing conflicts and argue that these initiatives cannot take into account the needs of vulnerable stakeholders. Power asymmetries between key actors in the political economy can diminish the welfare of communities impacted by extraction. Several governance challenges arise as a result of these power asymmetries and I develop a translocal governance framework from the perspective of vulnerable stakeholders that can enable a more progressive approach to societal governance of multinational corporations.

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40

Darmayanti, Yeasy, Dandes Rifa, and Irna Khairia. "Pengaruh Corporate Governance Terhadap Hubungan Keterlibatan Dewan Di Bidang Politik Dan Manajemen Laba." Jurnal Akademi Akuntansi 4, no. 2 (November 30, 2021): 138–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/jaa.v4i2.16659.

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This study aims to analyze the effect of corporate governance on the relationship between board involvement in politics and earnings management in manufacturing companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This study used 63 manufacturing companies which were selected using purposive sampling method. The data analysis method used is multiple regression which is processed through the help of the SPSS program. Based on the results of hypothesis testing, it was found that the board of commissioners involved in politics had a significant positive effect on earnings management. Meanwhile, the board of directors with political connections and corporate governance individually has a significant negative effect on earnings management. In the results of hypothesis testing, it is also found that the board of commissioners and the board of directors who have political connections have a significant effect on earnings management with corporate governance as a moderating variable in manufacturing companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The results of this study found that the implementation of corporate governance will have a different impact on the relationship between the board of commissioners and the board of directors on earnings management. In the relationship between the board of commissioners and earnings management, corporate governance is able to weaken earnings management activities. Meanwhile, in the relationship between the board of directors and earnings management, corporate governance can strengthen earnings management activities.

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Vormedal, Irja. "From Foe to Friend? Business, the Tipping Point and U.S. Climate Politics." Business and Politics 13, no. 3 (October 2011): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1469-3569.1350.

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This article develops a model for analyzing corporate strategy formation and regulatory change in environmental politics. The model emphasize how conditions that materialize through the dynamic interplay between corporate preferences and multilevel environmental governance can trigger the emergence of “tipping points,” at which a critical mass of leading industries begin to push for regulatory change. It is argued that tipping points often generate new political momentum and may lead to considerable progress in political and legislative bargaining. The model is applied to a case study of U.S. climate politics between 1990 and 2010. The case demonstrates that the tipping point model provides a plausible account of the intersection between business strategies and the failures and successes of federal climate action in this period.

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42

Nyberg, Daniel, and John Murray. "Corporate Politics in the Public Sphere: Corporate Citizenspeak in a Mass Media Policy Contest." Business & Society 59, no. 4 (December 12, 2017): 579–611. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0007650317746176.

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This article connects the previously isolated literatures on corporate citizenship and corporate political activity to explain how firms construct political influence in the public sphere. The public engagement of firms as political actors is explored empirically through a discursive analysis of a public debate between the mining industry and the Australian government over a proposed tax. The findings show how the mining industry acted as a corporate citizen concerned about the common good. This, in turn, legitimized corporate political activity, which undermined deliberation about the common good. The findings explain how the public sphere is refeudalized through corporate manipulation of deliberative processes via what we term corporate citizenspeak—simultaneously speaking as corporate citizens and for individual citizens. Corporate citizenspeak illustrates the duplicitous engagement of firms as political actors, claiming political legitimacy while subverting deliberative norms. This contributes to the theoretical development of corporations as political actors by explaining how corporate interests are aggregated to represent the common good and how corporate political activity is employed to dominate the public sphere. This has important implications for understanding how corporations undermine democratic principles.

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43

Alger, Justin, Jane Lister, and Peter Dauvergne. "Corporate Governance and the Environmental Politics of Shipping." Global Governance: A Review of Multilateralism and International Organizations 27, no. 1 (February 18, 2021): 144–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/19426720-02701001.

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Abstract A handful of companies dominate the world’s shipping industry. These firms have gained political leverage over the global governance of container shipping in particular. Intriguingly, in recent years the Danish conglomerate Maersk—the world’s biggest container and shipping vessel company since the mid-1990s—has been using its influence to push for higher environmental standards for the industry as a whole. To some extent these initiatives are helping to promote environmental efficiencies, cleaner fuels, and greener technology. But they are also raising costs for small and midsized companies with extremely low profit margins, further enhancing the competitiveness of the biggest shipping conglomerates in an increasingly oligopolistic market. While voluntary self-governance by companies such as Maersk is incrementally improving the environmental management of global shipping, it is also further concentrating governance power within a few transnational corporations, potentially taking more ambitious regulation off the agenda.

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44

Baron, David P., Maretno Agus Harjoto, and Hoje Jo. "The Economics and Politics of Corporate Social Performance." Business and Politics 13, no. 2 (August 2011): 1–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1469-3569.1374.

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Firms operate in a capital market, a product market, and a market for social pressure directed at them by social activists, NGOs, and governments. An equilibrium in these three markets yields a three-equation structural model that relates corporate financial performance (CFP), corporate social performance (CSP), and social pressure. This paper estimates the simultaneous equation model for a panel of over 1,600 firms and finds that CFP is uncorrelated with CSP and negatively correlated with social pressure. CSP is decreasing in CFP and increasing in social pressure. Social pressure is increasing in CSP and decreasing in CFP, which is consistent with social pressure being directed to soft targets. Disaggregating the panel indicates that CFP is positively correlated with CSP for firms in consumer markets and negatively correlated for industrial markets. For consumer markets, CSP is increasing in CFP, which is consistent with a perquisites hypothesis that managers spend on CSR when they can afford it. For industrial markets CSP is decreasing in CFP, which is consistent with a moral management hypothesis. For both consumer and industrial markets, CSP is responsive to social pressure.

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Knight, Arthur. "The Politics of Management: the Corporate Governance Issue." Government and Opposition 21, no. 3 (July 1, 1986): 286–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-7053.1986.tb00702.x.

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THE TERM CORPORATE GOVERNANCE HAS COME INTO USE TO describe both the purposes and the methods which determine the structure and the control of companies. A wide range of legal, regulatory and less formalized arrangements is thus embraced. In the UK in recent years discussion has related to a number of interrelated issues: the structure and functioning of boards of directors, reporting to shareholders and the ways in which shareholders use their power. These issues have a bearing upon business performance, though the debate about ways to improve the quality of management embraces also the cultural factors, the educational system and training arrangements; and performance depends too upon factors wholly or largely beyond the influence of managers, such as the tensions from class-division, over-powerful unions and the uncertainties which flow from discontinuities in public policy which are especially evident in the British political system. But in the general debate the corporate governance issues have perhaps had less attention than they deserve; the discussion has been confined to a limited circle. It is proposed here to concentrate on non-executive directors.

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Aronowitz, Stanley, and Henry A. Giroux. "The Corporate University and the Politics of Education." Educational Forum 64, no. 4 (December 31, 2000): 332–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00131720008984778.

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Rosser, Andrew, and Donni Edwin. "The politics of corporate social responsibility in Indonesia." Pacific Review 23, no. 1 (March 22, 2010): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09512740903398314.

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48

Baron, David P. "Private Politics, Corporate Social Responsibility, and Integrated Strategy." Journal of Economics & Management Strategy 10, no. 1 (March 1, 2001): 7–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/105864001300122548.

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Piscopo, Jennifer M., and Susan Clark Muntean. "Corporate Quotas and Symbolic Politics in Advanced Democracies." Journal of Women, Politics & Policy 39, no. 3 (June 20, 2018): 285–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1554477x.2018.1477396.

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Jermier, John M., and Aseem Prakash. "Greening the Firm: The Politics of Corporate Environmentalism." Administrative Science Quarterly 47, no. 3 (September 2002): 568. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3094854.

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