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1
Zhang, Yafei, and Chuqing Dong. "Understand corporate social responsibility from an agenda setting perspective: a cross-national analysis of newspaper using computer-assisted content analysis." Journal of Global Responsibility 12, no. 2 (May 18, 2021): 262–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jgr-08-2020-0084.
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Purpose This study aims to explore multifaceted corporate social responsibility (CSR) covered in popular English newspapers in the UK, USA, mainland China and Hong Kong from 2000 to 2016 via a computer-assisted analytical approach. This study moves the understanding of CSR away from corporate self-reporting to the mass media and raises interesting questions about the role of the news media in presenting CSR as a multifaceted, socially constructed concept. Design/methodology/approach Data were retrieved from CSR-related news articles from 2000 to 2016 that were archived in the LexisNexis database. Guided by the theoretical framework of agenda setting, a computer-assisted content analysis (Latent Dirichlet Allocation) was used to analyze 4,487 CSR-related articles from both business and non-business news sources. Analysis of variance was used to compare salient CSR topics in each country/region. Findings This study identifies newspapers as an alternate to corporations’ attempts to distribute CSR information and construct CSR meaning. The findings revealed that the news communicates a variety of CSR issues that are aligned or beyond what CSR was defined in corporate CSR reporting, as suggested in previous studies. In addition, CSR news coverages differ between the business and nonbusiness news sources. Furthermore, the media tone of CSR coverage significantly differed across the regions and between the business and nonbusiness newspapers. Social implications Emerging topics in CSR news coverage, such as business education, could help companies identify untapped CSR realms in the market. Originality/value This study contributes to CSR communication research by adding a non-corporate perspective regarding what CSR means and should be focused on. The news media presents CSR using a heterogeneous approach as they not only provide surface reports on corporations’ CSR activities but also offer in-depth discussions.
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Lo, T. Wing, Duncan Chappell, Sharon Ingrid Kwok, and Joseph Wu. "Workplace Violence in Hong Kong, China." International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology 56, no. 6 (July 4, 2011): 955–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306624x11414545.
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This article reports a survey of workplace violence in Hong Kong. A sizable number of the 1,198 organizations that were questioned reported that they had experienced such violence over the 2 years preceding the study, but the problem was not prevalent. In both the private and government sectors, nonphysical violence happened more frequently than physical violence, and there was a reported lack of preparedness of many organizations to deal with the violence. Compared with private organizations, government organizations experienced more coworker and customer violence, but more private than government organizations believed that workplace violence caused the loss of key employees and clients. Correlation analysis found that a subculture of workplace violence appears to emerge over time, such that the more customer violence is experienced, the more is coworker violence, and the more the nonphysical violence, the more the physical violence. These findings are discussed with reference to international findings.
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HAO, SHULIAN, ROGER C. KENDRICK, and HOUHUN LI. "Microlepidoptera of Hong Kong: Checklist of Pterophoridae, with description of one new species (Insecta, Lepidoptera)." Zootaxa 1821, no. 1 (July 11, 2008): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1821.1.4.
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This paper reports 16 species of the family Pterophoridae from Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. One species, Pterophorus attenuatus sp. nov. is described as new to science. Images of all the adults and the illustration of the genitalia of the new species are provided. A key for the identification of Hong Kong pterophorid moths is given.
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Adorjan, Michael, and Wing Hong Chui. "Colonial responses to youth crime in Hong Kong: Penal elitism, legitimacy and citizenship." Theoretical Criminology 17, no. 2 (May 2013): 159–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362480612472784.
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This article examines colonial responses to youth crime in Hong Kong, focusing on the 1960s, when riots involving large numbers of youth drew concern among officials over spillover from the Cultural Revolution in Mainland China; and on the 1970s, when the Government initiated a program of state building focused on instilling citizen identification with Hong Kong, youth in particular. Elite reaction is examined through a series of Legislative Council debates, declassified official reports and governmental Annual Reports. The article argues that youth crime control in Hong Kong’s colonial context could best be understood using a penal elitist framework, one which remains influential today.
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Cai, Kevin G. "Outward Foreign Direct Investment: A Novel Dimension of China's Integration into the Regional and Global Economy." China Quarterly 160 (December 1999): 856–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741000001363.
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It is now receiving wide attention that since the adoption of the open-door policy at the end of the 1970s China has been extremely successful in attracting foreign direct investment (FDI). Particularly, according to UNCTAD's World Investment Report 1997: Transnational Corporations, Market Structure and Competition Policy, China has become the second largest recipient of FDI in the world since 1993, after the United States. On the other hand, however, it seems less noticed that China has also become a growingly important FDI exporting country. According to UNCTAD's same report, China now ranks as one of the largest outward investors among developing economies in the 1990s. By the end of 1996, the cumulative stock of Chinese outward FDI had reached over $18 billion, next only to Hong Kong ($112 billion), Singapore ($37 billion) and Taiwan ($27 billion). Consequently, China increased its share in world-wide FDI outflows from less than 0.5 per cent until 1991 to an average of 1.3 percent in 1991–95. As China is rapidly rising as a new economic power, its deepening participation in the regional and global economy, through both inward and outward FDI as well as trade, will inevitably bring about significant implications in the international political economy. This article attempts to explore the development of Chinese outward FDI, its characteristics and motives, the outward FDI regime, the government's policies and existing problems, and the prospects for the future trend of Chinese outward FDI.
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Ke, Bin, Clive S. Lennox, and Qingquan Xin. "The Effect of China's Weak Institutional Environment on the Quality of Big 4 Audits." Accounting Review 90, no. 4 (October 1, 2014): 1591–619. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/accr-50943.
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ABSTRACT This study examines whether China's weak institutional environment results in lower-quality audits by the Big 4 firms. We find that the Big 4 assign their less experienced partners to companies that are listed only in China compared with clients cross-listed in Hong Kong. The Big 4 are less likely to issue modified audit reports, and they charge lower audit fees for clients that are listed only in China. Finally, companies listed only in China have larger signed abnormal accruals than do companies cross-listed in Hong Kong. Overall, we conclude that the weak institutional environment in China results in the Big 4 firms providing lower-quality audits to companies that are listed only in China.
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Chan, Clara Ho-yan. "English-Chinese translation of financial terminology in Mainland China and Hong Kong." Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 61, no. 3 (December 7, 2015): 335–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.61.3.02cha.
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The main purpose of this study is to compare and contrast the English-Chinese translated financial terms of Mainland China and Hong Kong in light of the necessary criteria for special communication terminology, and explore the feasibility of standardisation. Some distinctive linguistic properties and translation methods of the two regions’ Chinese financial terminology will be illustrated based on data from an industry glossary and major bank annual reports. The present situation is that Mainland China and Hong Kong display both similarities and differences in their Chinese translation of financial terms. With the increasing contact since the 1997 handover, the two regions appear to have been influencing each other, especially in that Mainland China has been adopting Hong Kong’s Chinese translations. In view of the fact that some translation scholars and practitioners advocate the standardisation of Chinese financial terminology in Mainland China, Hong Kong and Taiwan for the sake of better economic development, this paper outlines the main properties of the two regions’ terminologies and evaluates how such standardisation might possibly proceed. Limited research has been done with regard to the translation of Chinese financial terminology and this exploratory study will fill that gap and attract similar studies in the translation and terminology fields.
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Jackson, Jane. "In search of a home: identities in transition in post-colonial Hong Kong." English Today 18, no. 2 (April 2002): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078402002067.
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Excerpts from the cultural identity narratives and follow-up interviews of a group of ethnic Chinese majors in English at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, identifying recurrent issues and metaphors.IN HONG KONG, how have recent political events such as the Handover (change of sovereignty from Britain to China) in 1997 impacted on young people's sense of self? What cultural groups do they now identify with and why? What self-labels do they prefer? This article reports on a qualitative, sociocultural investigation that took place at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, a bilingual English/Chinese institution. Hong Kong have had a significant impact on shaping and sometimes changing students' cultural identities. The Handover, in particular, caused them to reflect on and even question their place in the world. Just before the change of sovereignty, many applied for passports whose nature sometimes brought them into conflict with their parents and grandparents.
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Fun Chan, Yuk, and Susan Quine. "Utilisation of Australian health care services by ethnic Chinese." Australian Health Review 20, no. 1 (1997): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah970064.
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Australia is a multicultural society in which migrants from non-English-speakingbackgrounds may be more vulnerable to illness after their new settlement, andlanguage difficulties and cultural differences may affect their use of health services.The present qualitative study used focus group interviews to explore the health servicesused by Chinese migrants from Hong Kong and China. The general findings includedstrong preference for Chinese-speaking general practitioners, insufficient interpreterservices, low use of preventive services, and lack of knowledge about the existence androle of ethnic health workers. The paper reports specific differences between migrantsfrom China and Hong Kong, and by age group. It discusses reasons for these findingsand notes the implications.
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Hua, Minchao. "The 2014 Scottish Referendum in the Chinese imagination." Scottish Affairs 28, no. 2 (May 2019): 200–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/scot.2019.0277.
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This paper lays out the perceptions of three different regions to describe Chinese perspectives on the 2014 Scottish Independence Referendum. Mainstream newspapers, cyber-opinions, and scholarly writings are three vectors to assess Mainland Chinese perception. Considering the limited number of academic reports about the referendum in Taiwan and Hong Kong, compared to that on the mainland, our conclusion about their perceptions is primarily based on mainstream newspapers. The article identifies two ideologically opposed perspectives. On the one hand, the dominant view in Mainland China (and in mainstream newspapers in Hong Kong and Taiwan) framed the referendum in negative terms, presenting it as a ‘threat’ and a ‘problem’. On the other hand, the dominant view in Hong Kong and Taiwan praised the Scottish referendum as a model of participatory democracy. These contrasting perspectives are deeply rooted in distinctive ideologies and historical experiences.
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Mengdi, Niu. "Features of the Western and Chinese Media Reports about Hong Kong Protests in Terms of Tolerance." Humanitarian Vector 16, no. 1 (February 2021): 136–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.21209/1996-7853-2021-16-1-136-144.
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The article is devoted to a comparative analysis of publications by Western media and Chinese media during the period of the unrest and protests caused by an amendment to the “Fugitive Offenders Ordinance” in Hong Kong in the summer of 2019. The relevance is explained by the fact that in the summer of 2019, Hong Kong immediately became the center of attention of the world community and the press. The innovation lies in comparative analysis of Chinese and Western media texts in the aspect of tolerance. The purpose of the study is to identify the reporting frames on Hong Kong protests in different countries (China, the USA, the UK) and analyze their characteristics. The author’s attention is focused on the problem of tolerance / intolerance in the discussing of events in Hong Kong by Western and Chinese media. Content analysis, frame analysis and the method of comparative studies are used in this article. Content analysis of the news reports from The Washington Post, People’s Daily and the BBC website from July to August 2019 was conducted to clarify their tones and directions, as well as the meaning of the metaphors used by journalists. The frame analysis is to identify differences in event assessments, information sources, theme settings, report objects, main subjects and event definitions in the analyzed media. The language features in texts were also compared.By results of the study, we see clear ideological bias and tendentiousness in reports from the Western media, and also the inability to have a tolerant vision. The Chinese media also strongly show peculiarities of ideology and obvious propagandistic tendency. The dogmatism of propagandistic thoughts interferes with objective perception of the situation. Conclusions: mass medias holding different positions, “choosing” and “constructing” social realities in their news reports, painting different pictures and choosing their own perspectives to reflect attitude of the authority towards participants in the movements. In this way, they take completely irreconcilable positions. Keywords: Hong Kong, protest, assessment, reportage, tolerance/intolerance
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Leung, Bo-Wah. "A proposed model of transmission of Cantonese opera in Hong Kong higher education: From oral tradition to conservatoire." Arts and Humanities in Higher Education 19, no. 2 (August 6, 2018): 144–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1474022218791465.
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Transmission of traditional art forms in the modern world has been a major issue in the field of arts education. Different issues have been raised on how to preserve the traditional art forms for further development. Cantonese opera is a representative Chinese opera popular in south China including Hong Kong. However, the genre has been experienced fluctuation since 1950s with the difficulties of transmission through oral tradition to conservatory tradition. While the Hong Kong Government promotes the genre to reserve the cultural tradition, great masters have been fading out and younger generation encounters difficulties in inheriting the genre. This article reports parts of a large-scale study on the nature and characteristics of oral tradition, learning in community settings, conservatory tradition, and proposes a model of transmission of Cantonese opera in Hong Kong. The model may shed light on preserving, inheriting, and further developing traditional performing arts in the modern world.
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Chan, Cecilia, C. K. Law, and Rita Kwok. "Attitudes of Women Toward Work in Socialist and Capitalist Cities: A Comparative Study of Beijing, Guangzhou, and Hong Kong." Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health 11, no. 2 (September 1, 1992): 187–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.7870/cjcmh-1992-0021.
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Employed women are taking on multiple roles in the family and at work. The multiple role expectations are sources of stress and strain on working women. The attitude of working women toward their employment in socialist and capitalist societies may differ owing to the different ideological culture of the societies. This paper reports the results of a comparative study of 1,500 female respondents in the socialist cities of Beijing and Guangzhou as well as that of capitalist Hong Kong. Most respondents felt strongly about sex discrimination in the workplace. Respondents in China are more positive toward work, while respondents in Hong Kong place higher priority on the family.
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Lee, Ching-Hsing, Chung-Hsien Chaou, and Chih-Chuan Lin. "The Progress of Emergency Medicine in Taiwan, China, and Hong Kong: Perspective from Publications in Emergency Medicine Journals, 1992–2011." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/682375.
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Study Objective. The progress of emergency medicine (EM) in Taiwan, China, and Hong Kong was evaluated from the perspective of publications in EM journals.Methods. This was a retrospective study. All articles published from 1992 to 2011 in all journals in the EM category in the 2010 Journal Citation Reports (JCR) were included. A computerized literature search was conducted using the SciVerse Scopus database. The slope (β) of the linear regression was used to evaluate the trends in the numbers of articles as well as the ratios to the total number of EM journal articles.Results. The trends in the numbers of articles from Taiwan, China, and Hong Kong were 6.170, 1.908, and 2.835 and the trends in the ratios of their publication numbers to the total number of EM journal articles were 15.0 × 10−4, 4.60 × 10−4, and 6.80 × 10−4, respectively. AllP-values were <0.01. The mean, median, and 75th percentiles of the number of citations in all EM journals were greater than those of these three areas.Conclusions. The publications from Taiwan, China, and Hong Kong have increased at a higher rate than those of the overall EM field in the past 20 years and indicated the rapid progress in these three areas.
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Lau, Joseph T. F., and Wing S. Wong. "Behavioural surveillance of sexually-related risk behaviours for the cross-border traveller population in Hong Kong: the evaluation of the overall effectiveness of relevant prevention programmes by comparing the results of two surveillance surveys." International Journal of STD & AIDS 11, no. 11 (November 1, 2000): 719–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/0956462001915138.
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The present study reports the results of 2 surveys of the first behavioural surveillance system (BSS) set up to monitor sexually-related risk behaviours practised by Hong Kong-China cross-border travellers. The 2 studies interviewed 1263 and 1448 male adult Hong Kong residents in 1997 and 1998 respectively. About one-third of the respondents had had sexual intercourse with a commercial sex worker (CSW) in the past 6 months; about 20% had had sexual intercourse with a CSW or a non-regular sex partner in a single trip; about 35-40% of the CSW clients had not used a condom during the intercourse and about 20% of the respondents reported that they had contracted STD. When the results of the 2 surveys were compared, no significant changes in the outcomes of the surveillance indicators were detected; instead, some unfavourable changes in terms of condom use were observed. The effectiveness of the relevant prevention programmes in Hong Kong is not evident.
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Mok, Florence. "Public opinion polls and covert colonialism in British Hong Kong." China Information 33, no. 1 (July 9, 2018): 66–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0920203x18787431.
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This article examines colonial statecraft and state–society relations in a pivotal period for Hong Kong. Using historical methods and archival evidence, it overcomes the limitations in existing research, which is often theoretically driven and reliant on published sources. The article reveals that the Hong Kong masses were made structurally invisible by the Movement of Opinion Direction (MOOD), a polling exercise introduced by the reformist colonial state. The public were unaware that their views were disseminated to policymakers and that they affected policy formulation: this was covert colonialism. The article investigates confidential MOOD reports generated by the Home Affairs Department from 1975 to 1980, demonstrating why and how the colonial administration constructed public opinion. By disclosing what these secret files reveal about changing public attitudes towards the colonial government, the United Kingdom and the People’s Republic of China (PRC), the article also provides new insights into public receptions of the state’s reforms and potential threats to the colonial regime in the 1970s.
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Bodomo, Adams, and Eun-Sook Chabal. "Africa – Asia Relations through the Prism of Television Drama." African and Asian Studies 13, no. 4 (December 10, 2014): 504–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15692108-12341319.
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Even though many African and Asian countries share a common history of European colonialism and thus a model of economic development shaped within the aegis of center-periphery analysis, many Asian countries have been able to ride through the burden of center-periphery economics and built more successful political economies than most African countries. This state of affairs has often led many African analysts to point to Asian success stories like China and South Korea for comparative analysis and often see these Asian countries as models of socio-economic and socio-cultural success to emulate. In particular, Africans in the Diaspora, especially Africans in China, tend to compare very frequently the socio-economic and socio-cultural conditions of their host countries with those of their source countries. This paper outlines and discusses how a group of Africans living in Hong Kong and other parts of Asia see Korea and Korean culture through the prism of Korean television dramas, which constitute a popular cultural phenomenon among Hong Kong/Asian youths. Through qualitative and quantitative survey methods, participant-observation, and questionnaire surveys, the paper reports on how African community members of Hong Kong and others think of Koreans. We show that Africans draw a lot of comparisons between Korean and African ways of conceptualizing the world.
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Zavyalova, Olga. "Language Diversity of China and National Security." Problemy dalnego vostoka, no. 4 (2021): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s013128120016163-0.
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China with its dozens of languages of national minorities and numerous Chinese dialects is still a linguistically very diverse country, and this diversity regularly finds its reflection during the events in various regions. In 2020, medical teams sent to Wuhan during the coronavirus outbreak faced difficulties with understanding the patients speaking local Mandarin dialects. Later on, language problems in Wuhan were urgently solved by the local administration. Starting from 2019, language confrontation became more visible during the protests in Hong Kong. Already in 2021, a volume devoted to the complicated language situation in the recently created economic cluster of the Greater Bay Area, which is to combine Hong Kong and Macau with nine cities across the Pearl River Delta, was published in the series of the annual reports of the State Language Commission. According to the model proposed by the linguists, Standard Chinese is to become the main spoken language both within the Greater Bay area and in contacts with other regions of China. Cantonese is to be used only as an additional local means of communication, while English and partially Portuguese in Macao are to be preserved as the languages of contacts with foreign countries. To solve various problems of the economic cluster, new structures are to be created with the help of the latest information technologies and participation of the linguists. Language unity as a whole is considered to be a key guarantee of the national security of China.
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Chan, Kai-fong, Petrus Ng, and Ka-ying Ng. "The effects of an intervention group with the support of non-pharmacological Chinese medicine on older Chinese adults with insomnia." International Social Work 49, no. 6 (November 2006): 791–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020872806069083.
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English This article reports a pilot study on an intervention group which integrated behavioral treatment and non-pharmacological Chinese medicine to reduce the problem of insomnia for older Chinese adults. Findings showed that the six-session group intervention was effective. The highlight of each session was presented and implications for social work practice discussed. French Cet article présente les résultats d'un projet pilote en intervention de groupe, mené pour répondre aux problèmes d'insomnie de la population âgée de Hong Kong. Ce projet a fait appel à des traitements comportementaux et à la pharmacopée traditionnelle chinoise. Les résultats indiquent que les interventions de groupe ont été concluantes. On aborde également les implications pour le travail social en Chine et ailleurs. Spanish Se informa sobre un estudio piloto de una intervención de grupo para tratar los problemas de insomnio entre personas mayores en Hong Kong. Esta intervención integra los tratamientos de conducta y medicina china no farmacológica. Los resultados sugieren que la intervención de grupo fue efectiva. Se exponen las implicaciones para el trabajo social en China y en otros lugares.
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Lee, Shuncheng, Lo-Yin Chan, and Shujuan Zhang. "Reports and Reviews : International Report: Comparison of Landfill Gases From Two Landfill Sites in China and Hong Kong." Waste Management & Research 15, no. 5 (October 1997): 547–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x9701500508.
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Lu, Qing. "Government Control, Transaction Costs and Commitment Between the Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation (HSBC) and the Chinese Government." Enterprise & Society 9, no. 1 (March 2008): 44–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1467222700006704.
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We use the tools of transaction cost politics (TCP) developed from transaction cost economics and economic analysis, to analyze the business relationship building between the Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation (HSBC), the largest and most successful foreign bank in China, and the Chinese government between 1949 and 1978. We demonstrate the value of the TCP-based approach to evaluating the specialized governance structure of commitment built on mutual dependency. In particular, we identify several transaction attributes that give rise to hazards: transaction uncertainty, the role of the government in the economy, and the strength of the supporting coalition. Our analysis also confirms that commitment built on the mutual dependency between the international company and the local authorities and between the international company's home country authorities and the local authorities did reduce the company's transaction costs by guarding against the local authorities' opportunism.
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Li, Xiao-Qian, Kun-Ming Tao, Qing-Hui Zhou, and Chang-Quan Ling. "Scientific Publications from Mainland China, Taiwan, and Hong Kong in Integrative and Complementary Medicine Journals: A Ten-Year Literature Survey." American Journal of Chinese Medicine 39, no. 04 (January 2011): 639–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0192415x11009081.
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Practitioners and researchers from China, the largest user of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), have been publishing an increasing number of scientific articles in world-famous CAM journals in recent years. However, the status of CAM research in the three major regions of China, the Mainland, Taiwan and Hong Kong has, until now, not been reported. In this study, we compared articles from these three regions published in international CAM journals from 2000 to 2009 using PubMed database and the Journal Citation Reports. The study results showed that the number of published articles from Mainland China increased significantly from 2000 to 2009, particularly since 2005. Meanwhile, the number of published articles from Taiwan also increased, whereas those from Hong Kong remained steady. Clinical trials and randomized controlled trials from Chinese authors both took a small percentage of the total. The impact factors of the journals in which these articles were published suggested similar academic levels whereas the average number of citation of articles from the Mainland was less than those from the other two regions. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, American Journal of Chinese Medicine, Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine and Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine were the most popular journals for Chinese authors.
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Aptroot, André, and Mark R. D. Seaward. "Annotated checklist of Hongkong Lichens." Bryophyte Diversity and Evolution 17, no. 1 (December 31, 1999): 57–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/bde.17.1.12.
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An annotated checklist of the lichens of Hong Kong, based on all available literature reports and specimens, including those recently collected by the authors, is presented. In total, 261 species are reported, of which 176 are new records for Hong Kong, 132 of which are new for China, 43 are new for East Asia, and 27 are new for Asia. The lichen vegetation is mainly tropical, as is shown by the distribution patterns of the identified species: 53 species are cosmopolitan, 40 northern temperate, 122 pantropical, 17 paleotropical and 29 endemic to tropical East Asia. With regard to substrata, 129 species are corticolous, 148 saxicolous, 17 foliicolous and 19 terricolous. Four species are newly described: Anisomeridium conorostratum Aptroot, A. hydei Aptroot, Caloplaca pulicarioides Aptroot and Placidiopsis poronioides Aptroot. The flora is rather poor in species; for example, no Caliciales have been found. In the past, the numbers of species of several groups such as the Graphidaceae, Heterodermia and Xanthoparmelia have been overestimated, whereas few pyrenocarps have been reported. The flora of wet granitic outcrops is surprisingly well developed in Hong Kong. Although not a single Peltula species was reported before, six species were identified, including one that was previously only known from Africa. In addition, several other cyanophilic genera are present, such as Euopsis, Psorotichia, Pyrenopsis and, most unexpectedly, Vestergrenopsis, each with one species. A comparison between old and recent records shows that many Lobarion species are now extinct. The drastic decline of species of the Lobarion vegetation indicates that air pollution and other habitat disturbances, mainly deforestation, to which these species are very sensitive, are seriously threatening the lichen biodiversity of Hong Kong.
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Nithisathian, Kittichok. "Comparative Study between the Thai and Hong Kong Fine Gold Jewelry Export Industries." Information Management and Business Review 3, no. 3 (September 15, 2011): 139–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/imbr.v3i3.927.
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The Thai fine gold jewelry export industry is a subsector of the gem and jewelry industry that is Thailand’s third most important export category and the leading sector of the creative industry. This industry creates little pollution, is in line with the nature of the Thai people, brings foreign currency into Thailand and creates both high value added and much employment. The growth rate for exports in this sector has decreased due to the economic downturn, fluctuating raw material costs, the unstable political situation in Thailand, lack of investment in technology by Thai manufacturers and the arrival of new entrants from China and India. It is important for Thai exporters to understand the situation they face so as to remain competitive. This paper reports on research conducted by in-depth interviews to identify key issues uniting and dividing Thai and Hong Kong Fine Gold Jewelry Exporters. It is shown that, in terms of new product development, Thai manufacturers should focus more on the marketing orientation rather than personal judgment. Only products that come with the right concept benefit from value added. Thai exporters should focus on product development, networking, be risk takers and foster cooperation between Thai organizers for international gems and jewelry fairs, while also lobbying for a long term government support plan.
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So, Alvin Y. "A new wave of anti-mainland protests since 2012." Asian Education and Development Studies 6, no. 4 (October 2, 2017): 333–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aeds-10-2015-0054.
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Purpose A new wave of anti-mainland protests has emerged in Hong Kong since 2012. The purpose of this paper is threefold: to delineate its unique characteristics; to trace its historical origins; and to speculate on the political implications of this new wave of anti-mainland protests. Design/methodology/approach A historical approach has been adopted to trace the origins of the anti-mainland protests. Since this new wave of anti-mainland protests only began in 2012, this paper is based mostly on documentary analysis of mass media reports. Findings This paper finds that this new wave of anti-mainland protests has been characterized by its targeting of mainland tourists/immigrants, its militancy, its concentration in the New Territories, its constituent membership of people from society’s grassroots, its dependence on e-mobilization and its poor image in Hong Kong’s mass media. In addition, this paper has identified the complex interplay between the influx of tourists/immigrants, the increase of social inequality, the emergence of a localist discourse, the formation of localist organizations and the setbacks to the democracy movement that are the underlying socio-political factors that have sparked this new wave of anti-mainland protests. Social implications Anti-mainland protests have profound implications for Hong Kong politics since they deepen socio-political polarization, have transformed the mode of protesting in Hong Kong society and threaten the prospects for the national reunification of Greater China. Originality/value This paper may be one of the first academic papers to examine the anti-mainland protests. Instead of taking a pro-Beijing or anti-mainland approach, this paper takes a neutral position and offers an objective analysis of the anti-mainland protests.
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Ho, Simon S. M., and Kar Shun Wong. "Investment analysts’ usage and perceived usefulness of corporate annual reports." Corporate Ownership and Control 1, no. 3 (2004): 61–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv1i3p6.
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This paper reports a study of the perceptions and beliefs of external users (investment analysts) of corporate annual reports in one of major international financial centres – Hong Kong. It was found that analyst users (1) view annual reports as having high information value particularly in terms of relevancy, (2) have a relatively high usage of annual reports and read the income statement and balance sheet most often, (3) consider the most important voluntary disclosure items to be discussions of factors affecting future financial results, future prospects of the company, main product market share, acquisition and disposal activities, and China business review, and (4) feel annual reports are somewhat useful, but the amount of information disclosed remains inadequate. Only a small percentage of users felt that the current disclosure requirements are either effective or very effective in serving investors’ needs and that much improvement is still needed. The implications of these findings for management, investors, regulatory bodies and researchers are discussed.
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To, Ka Lun Aaron, and Yuen Ying Yvonne Fok. "Homeopathic Clinical Features of 18 Patients in COVID-19 Outbreaks in Hong Kong." Homeopathy 109, no. 03 (June 5, 2020): 146–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1710545.
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Abstract Background Hong Kong is geographically located in the province of Guangdong which, after Hubei, has been the region of China second-most affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Compared to the pathognomonic symptoms of the named disease, homeopathic symptoms are always more helpful for homeopathic prescriptions. Aim This study reports and summarizes the homeopathic symptoms observed in 18 confirmed/suspected epidemiologically related cases in cluster outbreaks of COVID-19 in Hong Kong in early 2020. Methods Homeopathic symptoms from this case series were collected from 18 consecutive patients who, in addition to their concurrent conventional treatment or traditional Chinese medicine, actively sought help from homeopathy as an adjunctive measure for symptomatic relief from COVID-19. Cases were categorized according to outbreak clusters, focusing mainly on the homeopathic symptoms. In the analysis, frequency of all homeopathic medicines, common rubrics in all the cases, common rubrics in each of the top-ranked remedies, and differentiating symptoms for each top-ranked remedy were determined. Results Homeopathic symptoms of 18 cases, each identified as mild and belonging to one of six separate clusters, are reported. Eighteen common symptoms screened out of 79 selected rubrics constituted two sets of homeopathic symptom pictures: Bryonia alba (n = 4) and Gelsemium sempervirens (n = 12). Eight and seven differentiating features, respectively, were identified for Bryonia alba and Gelsemium sempervirens. Conclusion The common symptoms of 18 mild COVID-19 cases constituted two sets of homeopathic symptom pictures, indicating Bryonia alba or Gelsemium sempervirens; they were indicated in 4 and 12 cases, respectively, out of the 18 in total.
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Yeh, Chung-Yang, Hyunwook Cheng, and Shih-Jiunn Shi. "Public–private pension mixes in East Asia: institutional diversity and policy implications for old-age security." Ageing and Society 40, no. 3 (September 25, 2018): 604–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x18001137.
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AbstractPrevious studies of East Asian welfare regimes focus on similarities between social security schemes. In contrast, this paper explores cross-national variations in public–private pension mixes in six welfare states: China, Hong Kong, Japan, Singapore, South Korea and Taiwan. Our research echoes the pension policy analysis of international organisations but takes a step forward with emphasis on the historical and institutional characteristics of the respective pension systems. The analysis identifies three institutional patterns. First, the statist pension system (Taiwan and China) primarily relies on public pensions to provide old-age security, with private pensions playing a rather minor role. Second, in the dualist pension system (Japan and Korea) both public and private pensions work in parallel to ensure retirement income, though a clear security gap exists between workers in the formal and informal economies. Finally, the individualist pension system (Hong Kong and Singapore) is characterised by genuine fully funded individual accounts, emphasising citizens’ own responsibilities for ensuring old-age security. These three types of pension systems demonstrate distinct institutional characteristics and policy outcomes, illustrated by the juxtaposition of their institutional structures as well as by the comparison of key indicators collected from government reports and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development statistics. The paper concludes with a theoretical reflection of East Asian pension policies and a diagnosis of the distinct challenges confronted by each of the various pension patterns.
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Diamant, Neil J., and Feng Xiaocai. "Textual Anxiety: Reading (and Misreading) the Draft Constitution in China, 1954." Journal of Cold War Studies 20, no. 3 (September 2018): 153–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jcws_a_00769.
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This article uses comments, questions, and conversations about the PRC's draft constitution of 1954 to assess state legitimacy and how people felt more generally about the Communist regime. Taking advantage of untapped archival sources in Hong Kong and the mainland—including classified intraparty reports and transcripts from meetings in factories, police stations, universities, and villages—this article challenges the conventional view that the constitution bolstered support for the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). Instead, the document generated a great deal of anxiety among ordinary citizens, as well as among CCP officials and the regime's favored classes. This “text-based” cause of emotional turmoil was a supplement to the classic forms of political terror that dominate the literature on Communist dictatorships. Despite widespread confusion, people's identification of problematic sections of the constitution turned out to be remarkably prescient in light of political disasters in the 1950s and 1960s and ongoing constitutional controversies in the era after Mao Zedong.
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Yuen, Timothy Wai Wa. "Social Ethos and the Teaching of Politics in Post-1997 Hong Kong: A Teachers' Account." Citizenship, Social and Economics Education 7, no. 3 (September 2007): 147–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2304/csee.2007.7.3.147.
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Government and Public Affairs (GPA), a political subject with public examinations, was founded in the mid-1980s. It was part of the attempt to prepare Hong Kong people for the development of representative government, which would be needed for self-rule after reunification with China in 1997. This article reports GPA teachers' perceptions of the prevailing social ethos after the change of sovereignty. The teachers explain how they will teach politics amidst an increasingly difficult social environment, marked by conservatism and promotion of nationalistic sentiment on the one hand and by political divisions and sensitivity towards political teaching on the other. The teachers' top priority becomes that of good public examination results and, partly because of this, a highly teacher-centred mode of teaching is commonly adopted. Teachers are aware of the risk of indoctrination in political teaching. However, this is only considered a problem relating to the government's attempt to influence people's minds and the teachers never think of themselves as possible indoctrinators. Besides, many of them believe that they should share their beliefs with students. Though the teachers in general support democracy, paradoxically, excessive commitment to the belief is found in some cases to bring forth pedagogies of an authoritative nature.
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Ka Kit, Man. "Ultimatum Game, Loss Aversion, and Status Quo Bias in Action: The Case of Privatization of PCCW." Journal of Economics and Public Finance 4, no. 1 (February 25, 2018): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/jepf.v4n1p93.
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<p><em>In 2008, Pacific Century Regional Development and China Netcom Corporation, two major shareholders of Pacific Century Cyber Works (PCCW, 00008.hk), proposed privatization of the firm listed in Hong Kong Stock Exchange. Minority shareholders opposed fiercely. The proposal, although endorsed in special shareholders meeting in February 2009, was challenged in Court and overturned, due to allegations of vote-rigging in the shareholders meeting. One interesting aspect of this episode is that, while the offer by major shareholders was very attractive compare to the current share price, it is hard to understand why relatively large percentage of shareholders voted against the offer. The percentage deviates from what often found in ultimatum game experiments, as the offer proposed by the major shareholders was comparable to the median offers in a lot of ultimatum game experiments. This could be understood through loss aversion, which predict a bias towards status quo.</em></p>
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Chan, Wellington K. K., and Frank H. H. King. "The History of the Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation. Volume 1, The Hong-kong Bank in Late Imperial China, 1864-1902: On An Even Keel." American Historical Review 97, no. 2 (April 1992): 598. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2165847.
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Chen, Jiangping. "Mainland Non-English-Major Students’ Perceptions of English Academic Writing in the Taught Postgraduate Program in Hong Kong: A Needs Analysis." Studies in English Language Teaching 6, no. 1 (December 14, 2017): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/selt.v6n1p21.
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<p><em>As higher education is being internationalized globally, it is also not rare to find degree programs delivered in English, the world’s lingua franca, in countries where English is learned as a foreign language. In mainland China, such courses are available for bachelor and master’s degrees. Accordingly, students in those programs have to meet the academic English requirements, by which writing is assumed to be the most challenging. This small-scale research was conducted among 81 mainland non-English-major students studying in the taught postgraduate program in Hong Kong, with the instruments of questionnaires and follow-up interviews. Within the framework of needs analysis, it reports their detailed perceptions of English academic writing. Results indicate that those upper-intermediate language learners are generally able to get accustomed to academic writing in English, but some writing skills, and particularly language issues (academic lexis, grammar, and style) pose challenges to their studies. The article concludes with some feasible pedagogical implications for updating the university English education system in mainland China.</em></p>
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Chew, Matthew Ming-tak. "Discovering the digital Stephen Chow: The transborder influence of Chow’s films on the Chinese Internet in the 2010s." Global Media and China 5, no. 2 (June 2020): 124–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2059436420928058.
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This study uncovers and analyzes the transborder influence of Stephen Chow’s films in China in the 2010s. This influence takes a form that is new and different from that of the first three fan cultures of Chow’s films. It operates through various online carnivalesque items co-created by Chinese netizens and cultural producers. I document this with an investigation of the online catchphrases, visual memes, and web novels inspired by Chow’s films. One can interpret this new wave of influence as the fourth fan culture of Chow’s films or as a merger between Hong Kong nonsensical culture with the Chinese online carnival. This study’s data come from primary sources including memes and web novels and secondary sources including relevant news reports, online commentaries, and Chinese-language scholarship.
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CHENG, TAO, and XIANLONG ZHANG. "Growing Trend of China’s Contribution to the Field of Rheumatology 2000–2009: A Survey of Chinese Rheumatology Research." Journal of Rheumatology 37, no. 11 (September 1, 2010): 2390–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.100524.
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Objective.In the past decade, rheumatology in China has achieved great advances. However, scientific publications on rheumatology in the 3 major regions of China — Mainland (ML), Hong Kong (HK), and Taiwan (TW) — are unknown. We assessed the performance of rheumatology research in China from 2000 to 2009.Methods.Twenty-two journals included in the rheumatology category of the Journal Citation Reports database were selected. We analyzed the following measures for 2000–2009: (1) total number of articles originating from ML, HK, and TW; (2) impact factor (IF) of those articles; (3) total number of citations and average number of citations per article; and (4) number of articles about clinical trials, randomized controlled trials (RCT), and case reports. We also noted the total number of articles from the 3 regions published in 10 top-ranking journals.Results.There were 788 articles for the 3 regions of China, including 259 from ML, 372 from TW, and 157 from HK, with a positive trend between the years 2000 to 2009. From 2006 on, published articles from ML exceeded those from HK, and in 2008, published articles from ML exceeded those from TW. HK had the highest average IF and highest average citations of each article compared with articles from ML and TW. TW published the most RCT, clinical trials, and case reports, as well as the most articles in the 10 top-ranking journals in the last decade, followed by ML and HK.Conclusion.Chinese contributions to the field of rheumatology have increased rapidly since 2000, particularly from ML. HK had the highest quality research output according to average IF and average citations per article.
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Sepasgozar, Samad M. E., Anqi Shi, Liming Yang, Sara Shirowzhan, and David J. Edwards. "Additive Manufacturing Applications for Industry 4.0: A Systematic Critical Review." Buildings 10, no. 12 (December 6, 2020): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings10120231.
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Additive manufacturing, including 3D printing (3DP), is one of the critical pillars of Industry 4.0 and the next construction revolution. Several countries, including China, have utilized 3DP on larger scales or real projects. However, reviews of the lessons learned from previous large-sized practices of 3DP utilization are scarce. This paper presents a few practical applications of implementing 3DP over the past decade and suggests a direction for future research work. Recent publications on 3DP practices are systematically reviewed using an interpretivist philosophical lens, and more specifically, the nozzle characteristics are focused upon. The Scopus and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) journal databases are utilized, resulting in the examination of 54 English and 62 Chinese papers. The selected practices from Mainland China, Hong Kong, Taiwan and Macao are considered for this review. A content critical review approach is adopted, and the identified papers are critically reviewed. These papers reported key challenges and advantages from their reported practices, such as limitations in aggregate sizes, nozzle sizes, standards, post-occupancy satisfaction, final product quality, productivity challenges and other associated risks. The paper reports upon prominent limitations and signposts directions for future investigations.
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Spencer-Oatey, Helen, and Patrick Ng. "Reconsidering Chinese modesty." Journal of Asian Pacific Communication 11, no. 2 (December 31, 2001): 181–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/japc.11.2.05spe.
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Compliments are usually intended to have a positive effect on interpersonal relations, yet for the outcome actually to be positive, both the compliment and the compliment response need to be handled appropriately. This paper focuses on different types of compliment responses, and explores Chinese people’s evaluative judgements of these different types. Gao and Ting-Toomey (1998) argue that modesty is an important component of Chinese politeness, and that to blatantly accept a compliment is considered impolite. Several studies (e.g. Chen 1993, Yuan 1996 and Loh 1993) have indeed found that compliments are rejected more frequently in Chinese than in English, yet other evidence suggests that acceptance responses are also relatively common in Chinese. This paper explores a number of hypotheses associated with these issues. It reports a study carried out in Mainland China and Hong Kong, and discusses the notion of Chinese modesty in relation to the findings.
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Cheng, Winnie, and Janet Ho. "A Corpus Study of Bank Financial Analyst Reports: Semantic Fields and Metaphors." International Journal of Business Communication 54, no. 3 (March 1, 2015): 258–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2329488415572790.
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This corpus-based study compares financial analyst reports, collected during the Eurozone financial crisis in 2011, of the BNP Paribas and Bank of China (Hong Kong), which differ in corporate history and backgrounds. The study aims to describe, first, salient semantic and pragmatic meanings characteristic of salient topics in the financial analyst reports of the banks and, second, the patterns of use and function of metaphors specific to key semantic fields of each corpus to shed light on how the genre was exploited by respective banks to achieve organizational, professional, institutional, and sociocultural goals. Metaphors in each corpus were identified and meanings interpreted in the co-text of concordances, following the steps detailed in the metaphorical identification procedure (MIP). The website METALUDE (Metaphor at Lingnan University, Department of English; http://www.ln.edu.hk/lle/cwd/project01/web/introduction.html ) was used as a source of reference. Analysis of key semantic fields shows that the two sets of reports were composed of different topics. Concordance analysis of frequent lexical words in the key semantic fields further reveals semantic and pragmatic meanings. Major findings include BNP Paribas using more empirical research and survey findings in their financial analyst reports to promote their professional image and sense of responsibility to stakeholders, and frequent use of human traits metaphors, depicting different aspects of health, motion, mobility, and injury, revealing the way and extent to which financial analysts describe different business and financial market performance and activities.
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Cerin, Ester, Anthony Barnett, Basile Chaix, Mark J. Nieuwenhuijsen, Karen Caeyenberghs, Bin Jalaludin, Takemi Sugiyama, et al. "International Mind, Activities and Urban Places (iMAP) study: methods of a cohort study on environmental and lifestyle influences on brain and cognitive health." BMJ Open 10, no. 3 (March 2020): e036607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-036607.
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IntroductionNumerous studies have found associations between characteristics of urban environments and risk factors for dementia and cognitive decline, such as physical inactivity and obesity. However, the contribution of urban environments to brain and cognitive health has been seldom examined directly. This cohort study investigates the extent to which and how a wide range of characteristics of urban environments influence brain and cognitive health via lifestyle behaviours in mid-aged and older adults in three cities across three continents.Methods and analysisParticipants aged 50–79 years and living in preselected areas stratified by walkability, air pollution and socioeconomic status are being recruited in Melbourne (Australia), Barcelona (Spain) and Hong Kong (China) (n=1800 total; 600 per site). Two assessments taken 24 months apart will capture changes in brain and cognitive health. Cognitive function is gauged with a battery of eight standardised tests. Brain health is assessed using MRI scans in a subset of participants. Information on participants’ visited locations is collected via an interactive web-based mapping application and smartphone geolocation data. Environmental characteristics of visited locations, including the built and natural environments and their by-products (e.g., air pollution), are assessed using geographical information systems, online environmental audits and self-reports. Data on travel and lifestyle behaviours (e.g., physical and social activities) and participants’ characteristics (e.g., sociodemographics) are collected using objective and/or self-report measures.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of the Australian Catholic University, the Institutional Review Board of the University of Hong Kong and the Parc de Salut Mar Clinical Research Ethics Committee of the Government of Catalonia. Results will be communicated through standard scientific channels. Methods will be made freely available via a study-dedicated website.Trial registration numberACTRN12619000817145.
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Calonge, David Santandreu, Patrio Chiu, Dimple R. Thadani, Kai Pan Mark, and Cecilia F. K. Pun. "In-service Development For Graduate Teaching Assistants: A Blended-learning And Formative Approach." Journal of University Teaching and Learning Practice 8, no. 3 (July 1, 2011): 20–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.53761/1.8.3.3.
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Graduate Teaching Assistants (GTAs) are front-line facilitators with first-hand contact with students. They play an important role in providing an engaging learning experience for undergraduate and postgraduate students. However, most of them have not received adequate training and guidance in teaching. This paper reports on an intensive and compulsory education development course for postgraduate students, which aims to prepare them for their upcoming teaching role whilst they are still research students; The course provides an introduction to the basic theoretical knowledge and practical skills required before they begin to take up teaching responsibilities at the University, in a Chinese (Hong Kong/Mainland China) and English Medium Instruction context. Blended learning technologies, active learning strategies, formative assessment and an outcomes-based approach are extensively used throughout the course to enable and encourage participation and collaboration. To measure the outcome performance of the course in alignment with the University’s strategic goals, a number of key performance indicators are assessed. The result shows that students found the course very useful and the blended instructional methods used facilitated the achievement of the Intended Learning Outcomes.
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Thanh, Nguyen Trung, Paul Jing Liu, Mai Duc Dong, Dang Hoai Nhon, Do Huy Cuong, Bui Viet Dung, Phung Van Phach, Tran Duc Thanh, Duong Quoc Hung, and Ngo Thanh Nga. "Late Pleistocene-Holocene sequence stratigraphy of the subaqueous Red River delta and the adjacent shelf." VIETNAM JOURNAL OF EARTH SCIENCES 40, no. 3 (June 4, 2018): 271–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/0866-7187/40/3/12618.
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The model of Late Pleistocene-Holocene sequence stratigraphy of the subaqueous Red River delta and the adjacent shelf is proposed by interpretation of high-resolution seismic documents and comparison with previous research results on Holocene sedimentary evolution on the delta plain. Four units (U1, U2, U3, and U4) and four sequence stratigraphic surfaces (SB1, TS, TRS and MFS) were determined. The formation of these units and surfaces is related to the global sea-level change in Late Pleistocene-Holocene. SB1, defined as the sequence boundary, was generated by subaerial processes during the Late Pleistocene regression and could be remolded partially or significantly by transgressive ravinement processes subsequently. The basal unit U1 (fluvial formations) within incised valleys is arranged into the lowstand systems tract (LST) formed in the early slow sea-level rise ~19-14.5 cal.kyr BP, the U2 unit is arranged into the early transgressive systems tract (E-TST) deposited mainly within incised-valleys under the tide-influenced river to estuarine conditions in the rapid sea-level rise ~14.5-9 cal.kyr BP, the U3 unit is arranged into the late transgressive systems tract (L-TST) deposited widely on the continental shelf in the fully marine condition during the late sea-level rise ~9-7 cal.kyr BP, and the U4 unit represents for the highstand systems tract (HST) with clinoform structure surrounding the modern delta coast, extending to the water depth of 25-30 m, developed by sediments from the Red River system in ~3-0 cal.kyr BP.ReferencesBadley M.E., 1985. Practical Seismic Interpretation. International Human Resources Development Corporation, Boston, 266p.Bergh G.D. 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Transgressive and highstand systems tracts and post-glacial transgression, the East China Sea. Sedimentary Geology, 122, 217-232.Stattegger K., Tjallingii R., Saito Y., Michelli M., Nguyen T.T., Wetzel A., 2013. Mid to late Holocene sea-level reconstruction of Southeast Vietnam using beachrock and beach-ridge deposits. Global and Planetary Change, 110, 214-222.Tanabe S., Hori K., Saito Y., Haruyama S., Doanh L.Q., Sato Y., Hiraide S., 2003a. Sedimentary facies and radiocarbon dates of the Nam Dinh-1 core from the Song Hong (Red River) delta, Vietnam. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 21, 503-513.Tanabe S., Hori K., Saito Y., Haruyama S., Phai V.V., Kitamura A., 2003b. Song Hong (Red River) delta evolution related to millennium-scale Holocene sea-level changes. Quaternary Science Reviews, 22(21-22), 2345-2361.Tanabe S., Saito Y., Lan V.Q., Hanebuth T.J.J., Lan N.Q., Kitamura A., 2006. Holocene evolution of the Song Hong (Red River) delta system, northern Vietnam. 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Handbook of geophysical exploration, Elsevier, Oxford, 37509p.Yoo D.G., Kim S.P., Chang T.S., Kong G.S., Kang N.K., Kwon Y.K., Nam S.L., Park S.C., 2014. Late Quaternary inner shelf deposits in response to late Pleistocene-Holocene sea-level changes: Nakdong River, SE Korea. Quaternary International, 344, 156-169.
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Wong, May L. Y. "Analysing aggression of social actors in political protests: combining corpus and cognitive approaches to discourse analysis." Journal of Aggression, Conflict and Peace Research 9, no. 3 (July 10, 2017): 178–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jacpr-09-2016-0250.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the newspaper representations of the aggressive behaviour of social actors in political protests and explore the benefits of integrating corpus linguistics and cognitive approaches to a critical discourse analysis in analysing press reports. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses methods from corpus linguistics and theoretical constructs from cognitive linguistics to examine patterns of representation around Occupy Central, a recent political protest in Hong Kong, in two corpora of English-language newspaper articles published in China Daily and the South China Morning Post (SCMP). Findings An analysis of the ten most frequent collocates of the word police showed that the China Daily corpus articles typically index the presentation of police as vulnerable yet professional in their handling of violent protesters, whereas in SCMP, police officers are often presented as aggressors. The analysis subsequently considered three discursive strategies, namely structural configuration, framing and identification that are mediated through conceptualisations that representations in text evoke. Research limitations/implications In the proposed integrated approach, quantitative investigations of corpus examples could be focussed and contextualised in such a way that particular linguistic instantiations in discourse which are proved statistically salient can be further analysed in relation to conceptual phenomena which serve specific ideological purposes. Originality/value Hopefully, the study could serve as the first ever attempt to adopt an integrative analytical framework in the study of aggression and conflict in news discourse.
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Saadah, Kholifatus. "Triads and The Abilities of Transnational Organized Crime to Prevail." Jurnal Global & Strategis 15, no. 1 (March 29, 2021): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jgs.15.1.2021.127-148.
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AbstrakTransnational Organized Crime (TOC) adalah bentuk luas dari organisasi kejahatan yang dibentuk oleh sekelompok orang di wilayah tertentu. Dengan adanya globalisasi, perkembangan dari sebuah TOC bisa melewati batas-batas negara dan bahkan balik mengancam entitas dari negara tersebut. Satu hal yang membedakan TOC dengan organisasi kejahatan yang lain adalah struktur dan pola aktivitasnya yang rapi, seperti organisasi transnasional pada umumnya. Salah satu TOC yang melegenda sampai dengansekarang adalah kelompok mafa dari Cina, Triad. Sebagai organisasi kejahatan yang berumur panjang, berdiri sejak Dinasti Qing pada 1760-an, Triad memiliki banyak cabang yang tersebar di wilayah dengan populasi etnis Cina yang besar selain Cina sendiri seperti Taiwan, Hongkong, Singapura, Amerika Serikat dan Inggris. Melalui tulisan ini, penulis berusaha menjelaskan mengenai perkembangan Triad dari yang awalnya kelompok mafa menjadi kelompok yang memiliki tujuan bisnis seperti korporasi. Langgengnya kekuatan Triad sebagai sebuah organisasi kejahatan disebabkan juga banyaknya celah, baik diinstitusi domestik maupun institusi internasional. Celah tersebut dimanfaatkan secara baik oleh TOC untuk terus-menerus beraktivitas sampai sekarang.Kata-Kata Kunci: Organisasi Kejahatan Transnasional, TRIAD, Globalisasi, Mafia, KorporasiTransnational Organized Crime (TOC) is a widespread form of criminal organization formed by a group of people in a particular region. Because of globalization, the development of a TOC can cross the borders of the country and even turn against the entity of the state.One thing that distinguishes TOC from other crime organizations is, its neat structure and pattern of activities, such as transnational organizations in general. One of the legendary TOCs is the mafa group from China, Triad. As a long-lived crime organization, establishedsince the Qing Dynasty in the 1760s, Triad has many branchess cattered in areas with large Chinese ethnic populations other than China itself such as Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore, the United States and Britain. Through this paper, I’ll try to explain the development of the Triads, from a group that was originally a mafa to a group that has business objectives like a corporation. The lasting power of the Triads as a criminal organization is supported by the gap which happened in domestic and international institution. This gap is used properly by TOC to continue their activities until now.Keywords: Transnational Organized Crime, TRIAD, Globalization, Mafa, Corporation
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Chan, Emily Ying Yang, Jean Hee Kim, Eugene Siu Kai Lo, Zhe Huang, Heidi Hung, Kevin Kei Ching Hung, Eliza Lai Yi Wong, Eric Kam Pui Lee, Martin Chi Sang Wong, and Samuel Yeung Shan Wong. "What Happened to People with Non-Communicable Diseases during COVID-19: Implications of H-EDRM Policies." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 15 (August 3, 2020): 5588. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155588.
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People with existing non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are particularly vulnerable to health risks brought upon by emergencies and disasters, yet limited research has been conducted on disease management and the implications of Health-EDRM policies that address health vulnerabilities of people with NCDs during the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper reports the baseline findings of an anonymous, random, population-based, 6-month cohort study that aimed to examine the experiences of people with NCDs and their relevant self-care patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 765 telephone interviews were completed from 22nd March to 1st April 2020 in Hong Kong, China. The dataset was representative of the population, with 18.4% of subjects reporting at least one NCD. Results showed that low household income and residence in government-subsidized housing were significant predictors for the subjects who experienced difficulty in managing during first 2 months of the pandemic (11% of the NCD patients). Of those on long-term NCD medication, 10% reported having less than one week’s supply of medication. Targeted services for vulnerable groups during a pandemic should be explored to support NCD self-care.
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Smith, Robert. "Reviewer Acknowledgements." Journal of Education and Training Studies 5, no. 4 (March 23, 2017): 259. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/jets.v5i4.2299.
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Journal of Education and Training Studies (JETS) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether JETS publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 5, Number 4Anne M. Hornak, Central Michigan University, USACarmen Pérez-Sabater, Universitat Poltècnica de València, SpainChosang Tendhar, Baylor College of Medicine, USACynthia M. Compton, Wingate University, USADamodar Khanal, The University of Manchester, UKErica D. Shifflet-Chila, Michigan State University, USAErkal Arslanoğlu, Sinop University, TurkeyFethi Arslan, Mersin University, TurkeyGobinder Gill, Birmingham Metropolitan College, UKHalis Sakiz, Mardin Artuklu University, TurkeyHyesoo Yoo, Virginia Tech., USAIbrahim Can, Gumushane University, TurkeyIntakhab Khan, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi ArabiaJosé D Badia, University of Valencia, SpainLeila Youssef, Arab Open University, LebanonLisa Marie Portugal, Grand Canyon University, USALorna T. Enerva, Polytechnic University of the Philippines, PhilippinesMahmoud Radwan, Tanta University, EgyptMarcie Zaharee, The MITRE Corporation, USAMarieke van der Schaaf, Utrecht University, The NetherlandsMehmet Inan, Marmara University, TurkeyMin Gui, Wuhan University, ChinaMukadder Baran, Hakkari University, TurkeyMürşet Çakmak, Mardin Artuklu University, TurkeyMustafa Çakır, Marmara Üniversity, TurkeyNele Kampa, Leibniz-Institute for Science and Mathematics Education (IPN), GermanyNiveen M. Zayed, MENA College of Management, JordanOnder Daglioglu, Gaziantep University, TurkeyÖzgür Bostanci, Ondokuz Mayis University, TurkeyRecep Aslaner, Inonu University, TurkeyRichard Penny, University of Washington Bothell, USASandra Kaplan, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, USAŞenay Koparan, Uludağ University, TurkeyShengnan Liu, Ocean University of China, ChinaSimona Savelli, Università degli Studi Guglielmo Marconi, ItalyThomas K. F. Chiu, The University of Hong Kong, Hong KongTurhan Toros, Mersin Üniversitesi, TurkeyYalçın Dilekli, Aksaray University, TurkeyYerlan Seisenbekov, Kazakh National Pedagogical University, KazakhstanZachary Wahl-Alexander, Northern Illinois University, USAZeki Coşkuner, Fırat University, Turkey Robert SmithEditorial AssistantOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of Journal of Education and Training StudiesRedfame Publishing9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97008, USAURL: http://jets.redfame.com
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Smith, Robert. "Reviewer Acknowledgements." Journal of Education and Training Studies 5, no. 5 (April 26, 2017): 217. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/jets.v5i5.2392.
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Journal of Education and Training Studies (JETS) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether JETS publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 5, Number 5Abdulhamit Cakir, TurkeyAnne M. Hornak, Central Michigan University, USAArlene Kent-Wilkinson, University of Saskatchewan, CanadaChosang Tendhar, Baylor College of Medicine, USACynthia M. Compton, Wingate University, USADavid A. Compton, Wingate University, USADerya Çelik, Karadeniz Technical University, TurkeyDuygu Turkoglu, TurkeyEnisa Mede, Bahcesehir University, TurkeyErcan Gür, Fırat University, TurkeyErica D. Shifflet-Chila, Michigan State University, USAEsra Gecikli, TurkeyGulgun Sertkaya, TurkeyIntakhab Khan, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi ArabiaJeyavel Sundaramoorthy, Gulbarga University Campus, IndiaLaima Kyburiene, Kaunas University of Applied Sciences, LithuaniaLisa Marie Portugal, Grand Canyon University, USALorna T. Enerva, Polytechnic University of the Philippines, PhilippinesMarcie Zaharee, The MITRE Corporation, USAMaria Pavlis Korres, Hellenic Open University, GreeceMarieke van der Schaaf, Utrecht University, The NetherlandsMatthews Tiwaone Mkandawire, Central China Normal University, MalawiMehmet Inan, Marmara University, TurkeyMeral Seker, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, TurkeyMin Gui, Wuhan University, ChinaMustafa Çakır, Marmara Üniversity, TurkeyNiveen M. Zayed, MENA College of Management, JordanÖzgün Uyanik, Afyon Kocatepe University, TurkeyPirkko Siklander, University of Lapland, FinlandRichard H. Martin, Mercer University, USARichard Penny, University of Washington Bothell, USASadia Batool, Preston University Islamabad, PakistanSelin Cenberci, NEU, TurkeySelma Civar, Süleyman Demirel University, TurkeySimona Savelli, Università degli Studi Guglielmo Marconi, ItalyThomas K. F. Chiu, The University of Hong Kong, Hong KongTuğba Horzum, Necmettin Erbakan University, TurkeyVeronica Rosa, University Rome, ItalyYalçın Dilekli, Aksaray University, TurkeyYi Lu, American Institute for Research, USAYücel Gelişili, Gazi University, TurkeyZachary Wahl-Alexander, Northern Illinois University, USA Robert SmithEditorial AssistantOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of Journal of Education and Training StudiesRedfame Publishing9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97008, USAURL: http://jets.redfame.com
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Eskandarieh, Sharareh, Pouria Heydarpour, Alireza Minagar, Shadi Pourmand, and Mohammad Ali Sahraian. "Multiple Sclerosis Epidemiology in East Asia, South East Asia and South Asia: A Systematic Review." Neuroepidemiology 46, no. 3 (2016): 209–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000444019.
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Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the most common chronic immune-mediated diseases of the human central nervous system and an important cause of non-traumatic neurologic disability among young population in several countries. Recent reports from East Asia, South East Asia and South Asia have proposed a low to moderate prevalence of MS in these countries. Methods: A literature review search was carried out in December 2014 in Medline, Embase, Scopus and Cochrane library to recover original population-based studies on MS epidemiology in East Asia, South East Asia and South Asia countries published between January 1, 1950 and December 30, 2014. We intended search strategies using the key words: multiple sclerosis, prevalence, incidence and epidemiology. Based on our inclusion criteria, 68 epidemiologic studies were included in this systematic review. Results: The most extensively used diagnostic criteria in the studies were McDonald's criteria. Most studies were performed in a multi-center hospital setting. The female to male ratio varied and ranged from 0.7 in India to 9.0 in China. The mean age at disease onset ranged from the lowest age of 25.3 in Iran to the highest age of 46.4 in China. MS prevalence ranged from 0.77 in 100,000 populations in Hong Kong (1999) to 85.80 in 100,000 in Iran (2013). Conclusions: Advances in MS registries around the globe allow nationwide population-based studies and will allow worldly comparisons between the prevalence and incidence in different regions that are provided to monitor estimation.
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Rodoplu, Ülkümen, Jeffrey L. Arnold, Rifat Tokyay, Gurkan Ersoy, Serkan Cetiner, and Tayfun Yücel. "Mass-Casualty Terrorist Bombings In Istanbul, Turkey, November 2003: Report of the Events and the Prehospital Emergency Response." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 19, no. 2 (June 2004): 133–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00001643.
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AbstractBackground:This paper describes the two mass-casualty, terrorist attacks that occurred in Istanbul, Turkey in November 2003, and the resulting prehospital emergency response.Methods:A complex, retrospective, descriptive study was performed, using open source reports, interviews, direct measurements of street distances, and hospital records from the American Hospital (AH) and Taksim Education and Research State Hospital (TERSH) in Istanbul.Results:On 15 November, improvised explosive devices (IEDs) in trucks were detonated outside the Neve Shalom and Beth Israel Synagogues, killing 30 persons and injuring an estimated additional 300. Victims were maldistributed to 16 medical facilities. For example, AH, a private hospital located six km from both synagogues, received 69 injured survivors, of which 86% had secondary blast injuries and 13% were admitted to the hospital. The TERSH, a government hospital located 1 km from both synagogues, received 48 injured survivors. On 20 November, IEDs in trucks were detonated outside the Hong Kong Shanghai Banking Corporation (HSBC) headquarters and the British Consulate (BC), killing 33 and injuring an estimated additional 450. Victims were maldistributed to 16 medical facilities. For example, TERSH, located 18 km from the HSBC site and 2 km from the the BC received 184 injured survivors, of which 93% had secondary blast injuries and 15% were hospitalized. The AH, located 9 km from the HSBC site and 6 km from the BC, received 16 victims.Conclusion:The twin suicide truck bombings on 15 and 20 November 2003 were the two largest terrorist attacks in modern Turkish history, collectively killing 63 persons and injuring an estimated 750 others. The vast majority of victims had secondary blast injuries, which did not require hospitalization. Factors associated with the maldistribution of casualties to medical facilities appeared to include the distance from each bombing site, the type of medical facility, and the personal preference of injured survivors.
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Liu, Fung-Ming Christy. "Revisiting the Translator’s Visibility: Does Visibility Bring Rewards?" Meta 58, no. 1 (March 12, 2014): 25–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1023808ar.
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There has been a huge revival of interest in the role of translators and their visibility. Some Translation Studies scholars have mobilized French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu’s theorical concepts of field, habitus and capital to carry out empirical research studies in an attempt to understand how translators or interpreters perceive their roles and what kind of capital they pursue. This article presents part of the findings from a large empirical study in which quantitative and qualitative approaches are combined in an attempt to carry out a thorough investigation of translators’ visibility, understood as the capacity to communicate directly with clients and/or end-users. The present article reports on the quantitative analysis of the relationship between translator’s visibility and the amount of capital that they say they receive. The analysis is based on 193 Chinese translators in China, Hong Kong, Taiwan and Macao. The findings suggest that visibility is rewarding in terms of social exchanges and learning experience, but not in terms of pay and prestige. In addition, the analysis shows that some social variables including sex, level of education, region that the translator lives in, the translator’s major field of study and the time spent on translation are not related to visibility or capital received. Meanwhile, the appearance of the translator’s name on translations is significantly related to the capital received.
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Chan, Thomas YK. "Causes and prevention of herb-induced aconite poisonings in Asia." Human & Experimental Toxicology 30, no. 12 (April 20, 2011): 2023–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0960327111407224.
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The recent reports from Hong Kong, Taiwan, China and Korea were reviewed to determine the causes and prospects for prevention of herb-induced aconite poisonings. The contributory factors included overdose (use of greater than the recommended doses), faulty processing (after harvest and during decoction), use of tincture (herbal medicinal wine), use of crude aconite roots (for preparing decoction, proprietary medicines and tincture), lack of standardisation in processing of aconite roots and preparation of tincture and proprietary medicines, unsupervised use of aconite roots and contamination or mix-up with aconite roots. As tincture (herbal medicinal wine) made from aconite roots contains a much larger amount of Aconitum alkaloids, the public should be strongly discouraged from making their own and taking it by mouth. Aconite roots should only be used after post-harvest processing and proper decoction. The public should be educated on the hazards from unsupervised use and improper decoction of processed aconite roots. There should be regular publicity measures to promote awareness among the herbalists and to publicise the risk of serious cardiotoxicity if the recommended doses of processed aconite roots are exceeded. The processing of aconite roots and their proprietary preparations should be standardised. Quality control of processed aconite roots and their proprietary preparations should be strengthened. National reporting or monitoring systems can be used to identify the causes of aconite poisonings and assess the impact of preventive measures.