Journal articles: 'Corpus comparable'

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Laviosa, Sara. "How Comparable Can 'Comparable Corpora' Be?" Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 9, no. 2 (January 1, 1997): 287–317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.9.2.05lav.

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Abstract The development of a coherent methodology for corpus-based work in translation studies is essential for the evolution of this newfield of research into a fully-fledged paradigm within the discipline. The design of a monolingual, multi-source-language comparable corpus of English as a resource for the systematic study of the nature of translated text can be regarded as an important step towards the development of such a methodology. This paper deals with a crucial and problematic aspect of the design of a monolingual comparable corpus, namely the achievement of an adequate level of comparability between its translational and non-translational components.

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López Arroyo, Belén. "Can comparable corpora be compared?" Ibérica, no. 39 (January 2, 2020): 43–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.17398/2340-2784.39.43.

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Podemos afirmar que, hoy en día, no existe un acuerdo unánime sobre los criterios para compilar un corpus comparable o sobre cómo evaluar la comparabilidad de un corpus. Un corpus comparable es una colección de textos en diferentes lenguas o variaciones que son similares en ciertos aspectos. Pero, ¿en cuáles? Según McEnery y Wilson (2007: 20), la proporción en las muestras, el género, campo y tiempo deben ser los criterios principales a la hora de compilar un corpus comparable y deben ser los mismos en las diferentes lenguas. Sin embargo, estudios previos (López-Arroyo & Roberts, 2017) demuestran que estos criterios pueden no ser válidos en todos los campos. En el presente estudio, analizamos la comparabilidad desde el punto de vista del propósito del corpus. Para ello, hemos compilado un corpus comparable de 150 fichas de cata en inglés y 150 en español escritas por dos autoridades del campo y publicadas en las mismas décadas; según McEnery y Xiao (2007) nuestros subcorpus reúnen todos los requisitos para ser comparables. Sin embargo, nuestra metodología, centrada en el análisis de otros factores tales como El formato, el contenido y el estilo, demostrará que únicamente la proporción, el género, el campo, el tiempo y el tamaño no son siempre suficientes a la hora de comparar corpus

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Čermáková, Ann, Jarmo Jantunen, Tommi Jauhiainen, John Kirk, Michal Křen, Marc Kupietz, and Elaine Uí Dhonnchadha. "The International Comparable Corpus: Challenges in building multilingual spoken and written comparable corpora." Research in Corpus Linguistics 10, no. 1 (2021): 89–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.32714/ricl.09.01.06.

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This paper reports on the efforts of twelve national teams in building the International Comparable Corpus (ICC; https://korpus.cz/icc) that will contain highly comparable datasets of spoken, written and electronic registers. The languages currently covered are Czech, Finnish, French, German, Irish, Italian, Norwegian, Polish, Slovak, Swedish and, more recently, Chinese, as well as English, which is considered to be the pivot language. The goal of the project is to provide much-needed data for contrastive corpus-based linguistics. The ICC corpus is committed to the idea of re-using existing multilingual resources as much as possible and the design is modelled, with various adjustments, on the International Corpus of English (ICE). As such, ICC will contain approximately the same balance of forty percent of written language and 60 percent of spoken language distributed across 27 different text types and contexts. A number of issues encountered by the project teams are discussed, ranging from copyright and data sustainability to technical advances in data distribution.

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Awal, Norsimah Mat, Intan Safinaz Zainuddin, and Imran Ho-Abdullah. "Use of Comparable Corpus in Teaching Translation." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 18 (2011): 638–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.05.094.

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López Arroyo, Belén, and Roda P. Roberts. "Genre and Register in Comparable Corpora: An English/Spanish Contrastive Analysis." Meta 62, no. 1 (July 6, 2017): 114–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1040469ar.

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A multilingual comparable corpus is a corpus containing texts that are collected using the same sampling frame and similar balance and representativeness. According to McEnery and Xiao (2007: 20), presenting proportion, genre, domain, and time constitutes the main criteria when compiling a comparable corpus and these criteria must match in the different languages for the corpus to be considered comparable. The problem is that these criteria do not always guarantee that the different language subcorpora in a comparable corpus match. This study, which analyzes two comparable corpora compiled by the authors, shows that, even when the text selection criteria are refined, genre theory cannot always guarantee enough linguistic similarities between language for specific purposes (LSP) texts in different languages. Genre seems to suffice to establish a good comparable corpus for scientific abstracts. However, the comparable corpus of wine tasting notes is not truly comparable, since the English and Spanish texts differ in register.

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Weng, Yu, Shumin Dong, and Chaomurilige Chaomurilige. "A Privacy-Preserving Multilingual Comparable Corpus Construction Method in Internet of Things." Mathematics 12, no. 4 (February 17, 2024): 598. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math12040598.

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With the expansion of the Internet of Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, multilingual scenarios are gradually increasing, and applications based on multilingual resources are also on the rise. In this process, apart from the need for the construction of multilingual resources, privacy protection issues like data privacy leakage are increasingly highlighted. Comparable corpus is important in multilingual language information processing in IoT. However, the multilingual comparable corpus concerning privacy preserving is rare, so there is an urgent need to construct a multilingual corpus resource. This paper proposes a method for constructing a privacy-preserving multilingual comparable corpus, taking Chinese–Uighur–Tibetan IoT based news as an example, and mapping the different language texts to a unified language vector space to avoid sensitive information, then calculates the similarity between different language texts and serves as a comparability index to construct comparable relations. Through the decision-making mechanism of minimizing the impossibility, it can identify a comparable corpus pair of multilingual texts based on chapter size to realize the construction of a privacy-preserving Chinese–Uighur–Tibetan comparable corpus (CUTCC). Evaluation experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed provable method, which outperforms in accuracy rate by 77%, recall rate by 34% and F value by 47.17%. The CUTCC provides valuable privacy-preserving data resources support and language service for multilingual situations in IoT.

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Sun, Yuan, and Qian Zhao. "Tibetan-Chinese Named Entity Extraction Based on Comparable Corpus." Applied Mechanics and Materials 571-572 (June 2014): 1202–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.571-572.1202.

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Tibetan-Chinese named entity extraction is the foundation of cross language information processing, and provides a basis for machine translation and cross language information retrieval research. In this paper, we use the multi-language links of Wikipedia to obtain Tibetan-Chinese comparable corpus, and combine sentence length, word matching and entity boundary words together to get parallel sentence. Then we extract Tibetan-Chinese named entity from the comparable corpus in three ways: (1) Extracting Natural labeling information. (2) Acquiring the links of Tibetan entries and Chinese entries. (3) Using sequence intersection method, which includes the sentence representation, Chinese named entity recognition and corresponding Tibetan sentences intersection. Finally, the results show the extraction method based on comparable corpus is effective.

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LI, BO, ERIC GAUSSIER, and DAN YANG. "Measuring bilingual corpus comparability." Natural Language Engineering 24, no. 4 (January 15, 2018): 523–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1351324917000481.

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AbstractComparable corpora serve as an important substitute for parallel resources in cases of under-resourced language pairs. Previous work mostly aims to find a better strategy to exploit existing comparable corpora, while ignoring the variety in corpus quality. The quality of comparable corpora affects a lot its usability in practice, a fact that has been justified by several studies. However, researchers have not been able to establish a widely accepted and fully validated framework to measure corpus quality. We will thus investigate in this paper a comprehensive methodology to deal with the quality of comparable corpora. To be exact, we will propose several comparability measures and a quantitative strategy to test those measures. Our experiments show that the proposed comparability measure can capture gold-standard comparability levels very well and is robust to the bilingual dictionary used. Moreover, we will show in the task of bilingual lexicon extraction that the proposed measure correlates well with the performance of the real world application.

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Forchini, Pierfranca, and Amanda Murphy. "N-grams in comparable specialized corpora." Patterns, meaningful units and specialized discourses 13, no. 3 (September 17, 2008): 351–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijcl.13.3.06for.

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This paper investigates the idiom principle realized as four-word phrases (4-grams) headed by prepositions in specialized corpora in English and Italian. Concentrating on at the end of, it reports that the collocates of at the end of regard time, and that apparently synonymic 4-grams are not used in the same contexts. It then explores realizations of at the end of in a specialized comparable corpus of Italian. Two findings emerge: firstly, that the most obvious equivalent, alla fine d*, occurs more frequently than in the English corpus; secondly, this n-gram is frequently used, but has weaker collocational relations, and several synonymic 3-grams share its collocates. This invites contrastive research on lexical variation and repetition and on the strength of collocations of multi-word units in English and Italian. Lastly, the paper recounts an experiment with students who gained awareness of language by concentrating on phraseology in comparable corpora.

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Visky, Mihaela. "L’UTILISATION DU CORPUS COMPARABLE DANS L’ENSEIGNEMENT DE LA TRADUCTION." Professional Communication and Translation Studies 6 (2013): 165–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.59168/mojx8412.

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Les corpus comparables servent de base à la traduction assistée par ordinateur, à l’analyse contrastive, à la lexicologie, etc, et ils sont aussi utilisés dans l’enseignement de la traduction. Les exercices proposés aux étudiants ont eu comme but d’améliorer la compréhension des textes sources et la reformulation dans la langue cible, surtout en ce qui concerne l’utilisation des termes et des expressions propres à chaque langue. Nous estimons que l’utilisation du corpus comparable en classe de traduction représente une initiation au milieu professionnel et une étape importante dans la formation des traducteurs.

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AFLI, HAITHEM, LOÏC BARRAULT, and HOLGER SCHWENK. "Building and using multimodal comparable corpora for machine translation." Natural Language Engineering 22, no. 4 (June 15, 2016): 603–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1351324916000152.

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AbstractIn recent decades, statistical approaches have significantly advanced the development of machine translation systems. However, the applicability of these methods directly depends on the availability of very large quantities of parallel data. Recent works have demonstrated that a comparable corpus can compensate for the shortage of parallel corpora. In this paper, we propose an alternative to comparable corpora containing text documents as resources for extracting parallel data: a multimodal comparable corpus with audio documents in source language and text document in target language, built fromEuronewsandTEDweb sites. The audio is transcribed by an automatic speech recognition system, and translated with a baseline statistical machine translation system. We then use information retrieval in a large text corpus in the target language in order to extract parallel sentences/phrases. We evaluate the quality of the extracted data on an English to French translation task and show significant improvements over a state-of-the-art baseline.

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Sowmya Lakshmi, B. S., and B. R. Shambhavi. "Extraction of Bilingual Dictionary from Comparable Corpora for Resource Scarce Languages." Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 17, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 54–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2020.8629.

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Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi, Karnataka, India One of the promising resources to extract dictionaries are said to be parallel corpora. Majority of the substantial works are based on parallel corpora, whereas for the resource scarce language pairs building a parallel corpus is a challenging task. To prevail over this issue, researchers found comparable corpora could be an alternative to extract dictionary. Proposed approach is to extract dictionary for a low resource language pair English and Kannada using comparable corpora obtained from Wikipedia dumps and corpus received from Indian Language Corpus Initiative (ILCI). Dictionary constructed comprises of both translation and transliteration entities with term level associations from English to Kannada. Resultant dictionary is of size 77545 tokens with precision score of 0.79. Proposed work is independent of language and could be expanded to other language pairs.

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Ansari, Ebrahim. "Combining Different Seed Dictionaries to Extract Lexicon from Comparable Corpus." Indian Journal of Science and Technology 7, no. 9 (September 20, 2014): 1279–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.17485/ijst/2014/v7i9.19.

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Rabadán, Rosa, Noelia Ramón, and Hugo Sanjurjo-González. "Pragmatic annotation of a domain-restricted English-Spanish comparable corpus." Bergen Language and Linguistics Studies 11, no. 1 (September 15, 2021): 209–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15845/bells.v11i1.3445.

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This paper explores the multi-layer annotation of a written domain-restricted English-Spanish comparable corpus (CLANES – Controlled LANguage English Spanish), focusing on pragmatic annotation. The annotation scheme draws on part of speech tagging and a semantic annotation scheme, i.e. the UCREL Semantic Analysis System, with some added categories to fit the food-and-drink domain represented in CLANES. These are used to build significant (pragmatic) metapatterns. Seven different pragmatic functions have been identified in our corpus, namely <STATE>, <DIRECT>, <SUGGEST>, <RECOMMEND>, <PRAISE>, <EVIDENCE> and <RELATE TO READER>. Computer scripts translate this linguistic information into regular expressions to be used in unsupervised annotation. Partial results indicate that applying lexical restrictors boosts the success rate considerably. However, metadata is preferred because of increased replicability and generality. Replicability issues and limitations encountered during testing are also addressed.

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MORIN, EMMANUEL, and AMIR HAZEM. "Exploiting unbalanced specialized comparable corpora for bilingual lexicon extraction." Natural Language Engineering 22, no. 4 (June 15, 2016): 575–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1351324916000140.

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AbstractThe main work in bilingual lexicon extraction from comparable corpora is based on the implicit hypothesis that corpora are balanced in terms of size. However, the historical context-based projection method is relatively insensitive to the size of each part of the comparable corpus. Within this context, we have carried out a study on the influence of unbalanced specialized comparable corpora and on the quality of bilingual terminology extraction by doing different experiments. Moreover, we have introduced a strategy into the context-based projection method to re-estimate word co-occurrence observations. This is done by using smoothing or prediction techniques that boost the observations of word co-occurrences which are mainly useful for the smallest part of an unbalanced comparable corpus. Our results show that the use of unbalanced specialized comparable corpora results in a significant improvement in the quality of extracted lexicons.

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Hodge, Gabrielle, Kazuki Sekine, Adam Schembri, and Trevor Johnston. "Comparing signers and speakers: building a directly comparable corpus of Auslan and Australian English." Corpora 14, no. 1 (April 2019): 63–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/cor.2019.0161.

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The Auslan and Australian English archive and corpus is the first bilingual, multi-modal documentation of a deaf signed language (Auslan, the language of the Australian deaf community) and its ambient spoken language (Australian English). It aims to facilitate the direct comparison of face-to-face, multi-modal talk produced by deaf signers and hearing speakers from the same city. Here, we describe the documentation of the bilingual, multi-modal archive and outline its development pathway into a directly comparable corpus of a signed language and spoken language. We differentiate it from existing bilingual corpora and offer some research questions which the resulting corpus may be best placed to answer. The Auslan and Australian English corpus has the potential to redress several significant misunderstandings in the comparison of signed and spoken languages, especially those that follow from misapplications of the paradigm that multi-modal signed languages are used and structured in ways that are parallel to the uni-modal spoken or written conventions of spoken languages.

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LANGLOIS, D., M. SAAD, and K. SMAILI. "Alignment of comparable documents: Comparison of similarity measures on French–English–Arabic data." Natural Language Engineering 24, no. 5 (June 19, 2018): 677–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1351324918000232.

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AbstractThe objective, in this article, is to address the issue of the comparability of documents, which are extracted from different sources and written in different languages. These documents are not necessarily translations of each other. This material is referred as multilingual comparable corpora. These language resources are useful for multilingual natural language processing applications, especially for low-resourced language pairs. In this paper, we collect different data in Arabic, English, and French. Two corpora are built by using available hyperlinks for Wikipedia and Euronews. Euronews is an aligned multilingual (Arabic, English, and French) corpus of 34k documents collected from Euronews website. A more challenging issue is to build comparable corpus from two different and independent media having two distinct editorial lines, such as British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) and Al Jazeera (JSC). To build such corpus, we propose to use the Cross-Lingual Latent Semantic approach. For this purpose, documents have been harvested from BBC and JSC websites for each month of the years 2012 and 2013. The comparability is calculated for each Arabic–English couple of documents of each month. This automatic task is then validated by hand. This led to a multilingual (Arabic–English) aligned corpus of 305 pairs of documents (233k English words and 137k Arabic words). In addition, a study is presented in this paper to analyze the performance of three methods of the literature allowing to measure the comparability of documents on the multilingual reference corpora. A recall at rank 1 of 50.16 per cent is achieved with the Cross-lingual LSI approach for BBC–JSC test corpus, while the dictionary-based method reaches a recall of only 35.41 per cent.

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Laviosa, Sara. "Core Patterns of Lexical Use in a Comparable Corpus of English Narrative Prose." Meta 43, no. 4 (October 2, 2002): 557–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/003425ar.

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Abstract This paper investigates the linguistic nature of English translated texts. The author' corpus consists of a sub-section of the English Comparable Corpus (ECC). It comprises two collections of narrative prose in English: one is made up of translations from a variety of source languages, the other includes original English texts produced during a similar time span. The study reveals four patterns of lexical use in translated versus original texts.

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Shlesinger, Miriam. "Corpus-based Interpreting Studies as an Offshoot of Corpus-based Translation Studies." Meta 43, no. 4 (October 2, 2002): 486–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/004136ar.

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Abstract This article looks at the problems and benefits that may arise from applying a corpus- based methodology to the study of interpreting. It explores two ways in which interpreting could be fruitfully investigated with the aid of corpora. The first is direct and involves the design of new types of parallel and comparable corpora. The second consists of employing existing monolingual corpora to extract material that can be used in experimental research into interpreting.

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Jiménez-Crespo, Miguel Ángel, and Maribel Tercedor Sánchez. "Explicitation and implicitation in translation Combining comparable and parallel corpus methodologies." MonTI. Monografías de Traducción e Interpretación, no. 13 (2021): 62–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.6035/monti.2021.13.02.

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Roya Mohammadi, Seyede. "Presenting an Optimal Method for Constructing an English-Persian Comparable Corpus." International Journal of Intelligent Information Systems 5, no. 3 (2016): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ijiis.20160503.12.

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Talvensaari, Tuomas, Jorma Laurikkala, Kalervo Järvelin, Martti Juhola, and Heikki Keskustalo. "Creating and exploiting a comparable corpus in cross-language information retrieval." ACM Transactions on Information Systems 25, no. 1 (February 2007): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1198296.1198300.

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Hashemi, Homa B., and Azadeh Shakery. "Mining a Persian–English comparable corpus for cross-language information retrieval." Information Processing & Management 50, no. 2 (March 2014): 384–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ipm.2013.10.002.

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Baynat Monreal, María Elena. "Paquetes turísticos en lengua francesa para promocionar alojamientos online." Círculo de Lingüística Aplicada a la Comunicación 78 (May 17, 2019): 17–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/clac.64369.

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este artículo partimos de un corpus comparable de 3 millones de palabras en inglés, castellano y francés recopilado a partir de páginas web privadas de alojamientos turísticos, base de la creación del Diccionario Multilingüe de Turismo (DMT) del equipo de investigación COMETVAL (Análisis léxico y discursivo de corpus paralelos y comparables –español, inglés y francés– de páginas electrónicas de promoción turística, FFI2011-24712, concedido por el Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, en 2012-2014). Nos centramos en el campo léxicosemántico de la gestión hotelera y en el sub-corpus de lengua francesa analizando las unidades terminológicas empleadas (colocaciones) para proponer paquetes turísticos –elementos indispensables para la promoción hotelera- así como sus combinaciones léxicas.

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RAHIMI, RAZIEH, AZADEH SHAKERY, JAVID DADASHKARIMI, MOZHDEH ARIANNEZHAD, MOSTAFA DEHGHANI, and HOSSEIN NASR ESFAHANI. "Building a multi-domain comparable corpus using a learning to rank method." Natural Language Engineering 22, no. 4 (June 15, 2016): 627–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1351324916000164.

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AbstractComparable corpora are key translation resources for both languages and domains with limited linguistic resources. The existing approaches for building comparable corpora are mostly based on ranking candidate documents in the target language for each source document using a cross-lingual retrieval model. These approaches also exploit other evidence of document similarity, such as proper names and publication dates, to build more reliable alignments. However, the importance of each evidence in the scores of candidate target documents is determined heuristically. In this paper, we employ a learning to rank method for ranking candidate target documents with respect to each source document. The ranking model is constructed by defining each evidence for similarity of bilingual documents as a feature whose weight is learned automatically. Learning feature weights can significantly improve the quality of alignments, because the reliability of features depends on the characteristics of both source and target languages of a comparable corpus. We also propose a method to generate appropriate training data for the task of building comparable corpora. We employed the proposed learning-based approach to build a multi-domain English–Persian comparable corpus which covers twelve different domains obtained from Open Directory Project. Experimental results show that the created alignments have high degrees of comparability. Comparison with existing approaches for building comparable corpora shows that our learning-based approach improves both quality and coverage of alignments.

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Romli, Taj Rijal Muhamad, Abd Rauf Hassan, and Hasnah Mohamad. "Equivalent Malay-Arabic Data Corpus Collection." European Journal of Language and Literature 4, no. 1 (April 30, 2016): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejls.v4i1.p65-73.

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This paper aims to introduce a search strategy and collecting comparable sentences of Arab-Malay corpus data. This method was introduced for the use of students, researchers and amateur translators to search and compare the structure of sentences in Arabic and Malay. The first stage is to collect data corpus with high impact titles from the press and must be able to enlarge the scope of study as stated by Maia (2003). The second stage is to search using the specified key words based on selected high-impact titles such as the Football World Cup year 2010 and 2014. Data search is by using Webcorp engine http://www.webcorp.org.uk/live/ corpus and also open database Google https://www.google.com. The third stage is to filter the data by using Aker et.al (2012) and Braschler's (1998) method based on similar story, related story and similar aspects. At the fourth stage every category is measured by Guidere's (2002) equivalence strength which is strong comparability (SC), medium (MC) and weak (WC). At the last stage comparable sentences between the two languages are compiled in parallel according to Mona Baker’s (1992) level of grouping which are sentence level, combination of words, grammatical, pragmatic and textual level. The result from data analysis based on Mona Baker and Vinay - Darbelnet’s (1995) comparable theory proved the existence of some sentences in large quantities are on the same level of comparability from the point of information delivery. This can be used as the basis of additional evidence concerning the validity of 'universal theory.' in the science of translation.

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Garabík, Radovan. "Corpus of Slovak Legislative Documents." Journal of Linguistics/Jazykovedný casopis 73, no. 2 (September 1, 2022): 175–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jazcas-2023-0004.

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Abstract The article describes the construction of the corpus of Slovak legislative documents. By analyzing several statistical values of the source metadata and documents, we efficiently improve corpus quality. We describe the methods used to clean up small variations in metadata, length based discrimination of document and examine the effectiveness of several strategies of deduplication. The corpus is a part of a comparable corpus of legislative documents of seven languages, created in the Multilingual Resources for CEF.AT in the Legal Domain (MARCELL) project.

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Molino, Alessandra. "A contrastive analysis of reporting clauses in comparable and translated academic texts in English and Italian." Languages in Contrast 17, no. 1 (February 13, 2017): 18–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lic.17.1.02mol.

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Abstract This article investigates the use of finite reporting clauses with that-clause complementation (e.g. I will suggest that…) as devices for the expression of stance in academic texts (Hyland and Tse 2005; Charles 2006). These constructions are compared to their functional equivalents in Italian, i.e. reporting clauses with che (‘that’) complementiser. The comparison is carried out using a corpus-based approach, involving the analysis of a parallel corpus of Political Science papers in English and their translations into Italian, as well as a comparable corpus of articles originally written in Italian within the same discipline. Thanks to their ability to convey evaluative meanings, reporting clauses are analysed as structures that may provide insights into the epistemological negotiations taking place in the encounter of different research traditions through the practice of translation.

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Haider, Ahmad S. "DESIGNING A COMPARABLE CORPUS OF NEWSPAPER ARTICLES FOR DISCOURSE STUDIES: THE CASE OF THE ARAB UPRISINGS." Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University 57, no. 6 (December 30, 2022): 799–815. http://dx.doi.org/10.35741/issn.0258-2724.57.6.70.

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Since their emergence, newspapers have proved to be valuable resources in society. Newspapers on CD-ROM or numerous searchable Internet archives are essential sources of building corpora because they are primarily available in electronic forms. Different studies used large corpora of newspapers to uncover some discourses related to various issues. By providing an example of a corpus of newspaper articles on the period of the Arab Spring and the 2011 Libyan civil war in general and Libya and Qaddafi in particular, this study shows the steps of designing and compiling a corpus of English and Arabic newspapers. This study highlights some practical constraints researchers can face while building their own corpora. It concludes with some core issues to be considered while designing a corpus from news databases and newspaper websites.

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Baker, Paul. "The BE06 Corpus of British English and recent language change." International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 14, no. 3 (August 20, 2009): 312–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijcl.14.3.02bak.

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This paper describes the BE06 Corpus, a one million word reference corpus of general written British English that was designed to be comparable to the Brown family of corpora. After providing a description of the Brown sampling frame, and giving the rationale for building a new corpus, the process of building the BE06 is elaborated upon, with reference to collecting previously published texts from internet sources, defining “British” authors and enabling accessibility of the corpus. Three studies of lexical frequency using BE06 and comparable corpora (LOB, FLOB and BLOB) are then carried out. These involve a comparison of the 20 most frequent lexical items, an examination of pronoun usage, and an investigation of keywords derived from comparing the 1991 FLOB corpus with the BE06. The paper ends with a critical evaluation of the worth of using the same sampling frame for linguistic studies of diachronic variation.

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Ning, Shan, Xin Yan, Yu Nuo, Feng Zhou, Qing Xie, and Jin Peng Zhang. "Chinese-Khmer Parallel fragments Extraction from Comparable Corpus Based on Dirichlet Process." Procedia Computer Science 166 (2020): 213–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2020.02.049.

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Bisiada, Mario. "Changing conventions in German causal clause complexes." Languages in Contrast 13, no. 1 (March 8, 2013): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lic.13.1.01bis.

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This paper contributes to the field of diachronic corpus studies of linguistic change through language contact in translation by replicating Becher’s (2011) study which found a trend from hypotaxis to parataxis in concessive clause complexes of German popular scientific articles, and examining whether a comparable trend can be found in causal clause complexes in another genre. The study draws on a one-million-word translation corpus of English business articles and their German translations, as well as on a comparable corpus of German non-translations. The corpora consist of texts published in two time periods, 1982–3 and 2008. German translations of English causal conjunctions are compared for both time periods to determine diachronic changes in causal clause complexes. The comparable corpus is then analysed to find out whether those changes also happened in non-translated language. While a trend from hypotaxis to parataxis in both corpora can be observed, hypotaxis remains more frequent than parataxis. The study also detects a shift in preference for the causal conjunctions weil, denn and da, which partly causes the decrease in hypotaxis.

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Arce Romeral, Lorena, and Míriam Seguiri Domínguez. "Generation of a glossary for the translation of housing purchase and sale agreements in Spain, Argentina, the United Kingdom, and the United States: a corpus-based methodology." Hermēneus. Revista de traducción e interpretación, no. 24 (January 18, 2023): 87–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.24197/her.24.2022.87-118.

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Como resultado de la integración de las nuevas tecnologías en el actual entorno educativo y profesional, muchas propuestas han abogado por el uso de corpus ad hoc en las disciplinas de la traducción y la interpretación, debido a sus numerosas ventajas (Zanettin, 1998 and 2002; Corpas, 2008; Luque Giráldez y Seghiri, 2019 y 2021; o Sánchez Ramos 2019a, 2019b, 2019c y 2020). Dado que los corpus son una fuente muy valiosa de información gramatical, textual o terminológica, en el presente documento se ilustra una metodología protocolizada de extracción de terminología basada en el corpus bilingüe y comparable, denominado VENTACOR, con el fin de generar un glosario para la traducción de contratos de compraventa de viviendas. Para ello se ha utilizado el programa de gestión del corpus AntConc. El glosario será bilingüe (español-inglés) pero delimitado a contratos de compraventa redactados en España y Argentina, para el español, así como en Reino Unido (Inglaterra y Gales) y Estados Unidos (Luisiana), para la lengua inglesa. VENTACOR es un corpus representativo y de calidad que se ha creado según criterios específicos de diseño y un protocolo de compilación sistematizado establecido por Seghiri (2006 and 2015).

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Tanghe, Sanne, and Marlies Jansegers. "Marcadores del discurso derivados de los verbos de percepción." Revue Romane / Langue et littérature. International Journal of Romance Languages and Literatures 49, no. 1 (May 27, 2014): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/rro.49.1.01jan.

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Despite the growing interest in discourse markers over the past two decades, few studies are dedicated to the interlinguistic comparison of discourse markers. By means of a corpus-based approach the present study proposes a comparison between the discourse markers derived from verbs of perception in Italian (guarda/guardi, senti/senta) and Spanish (mira/mire, oye/oiga). The results of a comparable corpus study reveals that the discourse markers sharing the original perception modality display a similar formal behaviour (mira/mire ~ guarda/guardi, oye/oiga ~ senti/senta). From the parallel corpus on the other hand it results that the most frequent equivalent of mira/mire is senti/senta, which can be linked to the original semantics of both verbs. These two main observations confirm the relevance of a parallel corpus as a complementary source to a comparable corpus when comparing phenomena in two (or more) languages. This combined corpus approach brings about not only interlinguistic insights but provides at the same time knowledge about the relation and uses of the discourse markers within the languages.

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Edwards, Alison, and Samantha Laporte. "Outer and expanding circle Englishes." English World-Wide 36, no. 2 (May 29, 2015): 135–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/eww.36.2.01edw.

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The classification of English as a native (ENL), second (ESL) and foreign (EFL) language is traditionally mapped onto Kachru’s (1985) Inner, Outer and Expanding circles, respectively. This paper addresses the divide upheld between these different varietal types. We explore the preposition into using comparable corpora for all three varietal types: the International Corpus of English (ICE) for Inner and Outer Circle varieties, and a comparable Corpus of Dutch English to represent the Expanding Circle. Our results show that the least institutionalised varieties (Hong Kong and Dutch English) are the most dissimilar to the ENL varieties, and the most institutionalised variety (Singapore English) is the most similar. We also compare our results for the Corpus of Dutch English to the Dutch component of the International Corpus of Learner English. While the latter patterns with other learner varieties, the Dutch English corpus patterns with ESL varieties, suggesting that “Expanding Circle” and “EFL” are not synonymous.

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Kotsiuk, Lesia, and Yurii Kotsiuk. "CLASSIFICATIONAL PARADIGM OF A TEXT CORPUS BY ITS DESIGN, STRUCTURE AND USE, AS WELL AS BY THE FIXATION AND INDEXATION METHODS OF ITS TEXT DATA." Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu «Ostrozʹka akademìâ». Serìâ «Fìlologìâ» 1, no. 9(77) (January 30, 2020): 106–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2519-2558-2020-9(77)-106-110.

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The article attempts to analyze the typological characteristics of text corpora. The author proposes to classify corpora with consideration of different aspects of this modern linguistic notion, namely the design and structural features of the corpus (balanced / representative corpus, opportunistic corpus, complete corpus, full-text corpus, fragmentary corpus, parallel corpus and comparable corpus, static / sample corpus, dynamic / monitor corpus), the method of fixing and indexing text data in the corpus (printed corpus, electronic text corpus, transcribed speech corpus, audio/video corpus, multimodal corpus, plain corpus, annotated corpus), as well as the way of how the corpus can be used. According to the aim of the corpus use one can distinguish between a linguistic and illustrative corpus. Due to the access possibilities, there can be identified an open-access corpus, closed-access corpus and the commercial one. Examples of these types of text corpora are also presented. The article presents terminological equivalents of corpus names by the type of text data in Ukrainian and English.

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Cabezas-García, Melania. "Metodología para la traducción de términos compuestos mediante corpus." Mutatis Mutandis. Revista Latinoamericana de Traducción 14, no. 2 (July 13, 2021): 451–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.17533/udea.mut.v14n2a08.

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Los términos compuestos son una de las principales dificultades en la traducción de los textos especializados. Dado que estos términos no siempre figuran en los recursos terminológicos o lo hacen de forma poco exhaustiva, los traductores y terminólogos deben dominar diversas técnicas para resolver sus dificultades. Tradicionalmente, se han utilizado textos paralelos para extraer terminología y adquirir conocimientos especializados. Estos textos pueden compilarse en forma de corpus comparables (es decir, textos escritos originalmente en la lengua de origen y de llegada), que pueden utilizarse para explotar un mayor número de textos de manera más eficiente. No obstante, a menudo hay reticencia a su utilización, en algunos casos debido a la falta de conocimiento de las técnicas de consulta. En este estudio se describe una metodología para identificar en corpus comparables los equivalentes en inglés de los términos compuestos en español, con vistas a: 1) facilitar esta tarea en la labor cotidiana de los traductores y terminólogos; y 2) proporcionarles técnicas de extracción manual en corpus. Con este fin, analizamos un corpus comparable de textos especializados sobre energía eólica escritos originalmente en español e inglés. La metodología propuesta se basa en la semántica distribucional y consiste en la identificación y la comparación de elementos contextuales de los conceptos en ambos idiomas. Los resultados muestran que este procedimiento simplifica la identificación de equivalentes de los términos compuestos en corpus.

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Prasad, Rashmi, Bonnie Webber, and Aravind Joshi. "Reflections on the Penn Discourse TreeBank, Comparable Corpora, and Complementary Annotation." Computational Linguistics 40, no. 4 (December 2014): 921–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/coli_a_00204.

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The Penn Discourse Treebank (PDTB) was released to the public in 2008. It remains the largest manually annotated corpus of discourse relations to date. Its focus on discourse relations that are either lexically-grounded in explicit discourse connectives or associated with sentential adjacency has not only facilitated its use in language technology and psycholinguistics but also has spawned the annotation of comparable corpora in other languages and genres. Given this situation, this paper has four aims: (1) to provide a comprehensive introduction to the PDTB for those who are unfamiliar with it; (2) to correct some wrong (or perhaps inadvertent) assumptions about the PDTB and its annotation that may have weakened previous results or the performance of decision procedures induced from the data; (3) to explain variations seen in the annotation of comparable resources in other languages and genres, which should allow developers of future comparable resources to recognize whether the variations are relevant to them; and (4) to enumerate and explain relationships between PDTB annotation and complementary annotation of other linguistic phenomena. The paper draws on work done by ourselves and others since the corpus was released.

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Malamatidou, Sofia. "Passive Voice and the Language of Translation: A Comparable Corpus-Based Study of Modern Greek Popular Science Articles." Meta 58, no. 2 (March 31, 2014): 411–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1024181ar.

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Little research has been conducted so far into the translation-specific features that are dependent on both the source and the target language. This study aims at examining whether Modern Greek translated popular science articles differ from non-translated ones by being closer to the source language, which is English, in terms of the frequency and the word order of the passive voice constructions. This is one of the few Modern Greek studies that use a comparable corpus in order to better understand the nature of the translation practice. The corpus analysed consists of Modern Greek popular science articles and is divided into two subcorpora: the translated language corpus and the non-translated language corpus. The study indicates that there is substantial evidence that Modern Greek articles employ some translation-specific features which are dependent on the source language, at least in terms of some passive voice features. More importantly, it suggests that the non-translated texts tend to be similar to the translated ones, which are in turn closer to the English source texts. Even though it is early to conclude that translation encourages the different usage of particular linguistic features in non-translated texts, the data provide indirect evidence that translation is a potential field of language contact with important consequences.

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Alvaro, Nestor, Yusuke Miyao, and Nigel Collier. "TwiMed: Twitter and PubMed Comparable Corpus of Drugs, Diseases, Symptoms, and Their Relations." JMIR Public Health and Surveillance 3, no. 2 (May 3, 2017): e24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/publichealth.6396.

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Kim, Jinhan, Seung-won Hwang, Long Jiang, Young-In Song, and Ming Zhou. "Entity Translation Mining from Comparable Corpora: Combining Graph Mapping with Corpus Latent Features." IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering 25, no. 8 (August 2013): 1787–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2012.117.

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Aroonmanakun, Wirote. "Creating the Thai National Corpus." MANUSYA 10, no. 3 (2007): 4–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/26659077-01003001.

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This paper reports on the progress of Thai National Corpus development. The TNC is designed as a general corpus of standard Thai. Only written texts are collected in the first phase. It aims to include at least eighty million words. Various text types produced by various authors are included in the TNC so that it would closely represent written language in general. Texts are word segmented and tagged following the Text Encoding Initiative (TEl) guidelines on text encoding. The TNC was designed as a resource for general applications, such as lexicography, language teaching, and linguistic research. In addition, the TNC is designed to be comparable to the British National Corpus so that a comparative study between the two languages is also possible.

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Izquierdo, Marlén. "Corpus-based functionality and translatability." Languages in Contrast 12, no. 2 (October 29, 2012): 187–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lic.12.2.04izq.

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This paper reports on a descriptive study of English and Spanish progressive constructions to identify degrees of common functionality and, therefore, translatability. Here, the functionality of the resource under study is examined contrastively, in order to observe functional correspondences which can be considered translation equivalents. In addition, a descriptive study of actual translations provides a broader picture of the degree of translatability between the languages under investigation. To this end, a corpus-based approach has been adopted to account for language usage in a cross-linguistic setting. Two complementary types of corpora have been used, a comparable corpus made up of BoE and CREA, and the ACTRES Parallel Corpus. The result constitutes a comprehensive approach to language description oriented towards application.

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Fattah, Ashraf, and Rashid Yahiaoui. "Contrastive Analysis of Concessive Conjunctions in Translated and Non-translated Arabic Texts: An Exploratory Study." Advances in Language and Literary Studies 10, no. 4 (October 1, 2019): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.alls.v.10n.4p.28.

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This study seeks to contribute to addressing a gap in theory-driven corpus-based research focused on the so-called translation specific features (TSF) in Arabic translated texts. It provides a contrastive Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL)-informed analysis of concessive/contrastive connective markers in a selected comparable corpus made up of translated and non-translated Arabic texts. This area of corpus-based research has been mainly driven by an interest in the linguistic features distinguishing translated from non-translated texts. The characteristic feature of the present study is the fact that it is based on a comparable corpus of translated and non-translated texts written by the same authors in more or less the same genre. Based on a comparison of concordance data, the study will highlight some interesting patterns of difference in the types and frequencies of concessive conjunctions used, as well as ‘explicitating’ and ‘upgrading’ tendencies between the two components of the corpus. Viewed from an SFL perspective, some such differences do not seem to be triggered by the English source texts involved or dictated by contrastive linguistic requirements but rather by the translation process itself.

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Pisanski Peterlin, Agnes. "Translation as a Paradigm Shift: A Corpus Study of Academic Writing." ELOPE: English Language Overseas Perspectives and Enquiries 10, no. 1 (May 9, 2013): 127–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/elope.10.1.127-137.

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In recent decades the increasing reliance on computer technology and the emergence of electronic publishing have precipitated changes in both the production and reception of academic writing. At the same time, the dominance of English as the medium of academic communication has been asserted in all fields of study. While many scholars write their own texts in English, it is not exceptional for others to have their papers translated into English. It is interesting, however, that translation of academic discourse has received relatively little research attention so far. In the study presented here, the question how translated academic texts differ from comparable original English academic texts is addressed. To explore this question, a 700,000-word corpus comprising 104 research articles (Slovene-English translations and comparable English originals) is analyzed in terms of references to the entire text itself. The results show considerable differences between the translated texts and the comparable English-language originals.

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Kwok, Ho Ling, Sara Laviosa, and Kanglong Liu. "Lexical simplification in learner translation: A corpus-based approach." Corpus-based Translation Studies (CBTS) 11, no. 2 (2023): 103–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.32714/ricl.11.02.06.

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The advance of corpus-based methodology in translation studies has greatly enhanced our understanding of the nature of translational language. While most research efforts have focused on identifying the unique features of translations carried out by professionals, comparatively fewer studies have investigated the linguistic features of student translations. In this corpus-based study, we examine if learner translations carried out by Hong Kong students exhibit lexical simplification features vis-à-vis comparable written texts. The study is based on two comparable corpora: the International Corpus of English in Hong Kong (ICE-HK) and the Parallel Learner Translation Corpus (PLTC) compiled at The Hong Kong Polytechnic University. Following Laviosa (1998), we compare four main lexical features (lexical density, type-token ratio, core vocabulary coverage, and list head coverage) to investigate if student translations show a simplification trend. The results demonstrate that Chinese-to-English translation is not lexically simpler than English as a Second Language (ESL) writing. Furthermore, it is lexically denser than ESL writing. Our study aims to provide new insights into learner translation as a form of constrained communication.

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El-Farahaty, Hanem, and Abdelhamid Elewa. "A Corpus-Based Analysis of Deontic Modality of Obligation and Prohibition in Arabic/English Constitutions." Estudios de Traducción 10 (December 1, 2020): 107–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/estr.68334.

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It is argued that legal language should be formal, precise and clear to avoid ambiguity and/or misunderstanding. As rights and duties are communicated through modals, clarity and precision in drafting and translating them is crucial. Otherwise, there is a possibility of conveying loose messages in the source text or different and/or inconsistent messages in the target text. However, the drafting of Arabic modal expressions does not follow clear guidelines, and their translation differs from one translator to another. This paper investigates how deontic modality of obligation and prohibition is used in The Leeds Annotated Parallel Corpus of Arabic-English Constitutions in comparison to The Leeds Monolingual Corpus of English Constitutions. More specifically, the paper presents a classification of these modal expressions and investigates the different lexical variants expressed in a Corpus of Arabic Constitutions. The paper uses corpus-based tools to analyse the different lexical forms used for deontic modality of obligation and prohibition in Arabic and how they are rendered into English. Results of such analysis are compared to a non-translated Corpus of English Constitutions to find out whether the deontic meaning of the modals is comparable to the set of deontic modals used in the constitutions originally drafted in English. The corpus-based analysis gave a detailed classification of a variety of modal expressions used in the Arabic Corpus. It also showed that the translation of deontic modals of obligation and prohibition from Arabic into English is influenced by the source text lexical variations; however, the corpus techniques employed in the study managed to capture some comparable modals in both corpora.

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Haider, Ahmad S., and Riyad F. Hussein. "Analysing headlines as a way of downsizing news corpora: Evidence from an Arabic–English comparable corpus of newspaper articles." Digital Scholarship in the Humanities 35, no. 4 (November 7, 2019): 826–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/llc/fqz074.

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Abstract This study examines whether a qualitative analysis of news headlines produces complementary, convergent, or dissonant findings with a quantitative analysis of the full news story. Headlines are among the most important parts of a news story and its summary. This study investigates the construction of Qaddafi in the headlines of two newspapers before and during the 2011 Libyan civil war. This is based on a sub-corpus of headlines that was taken from a 6.5-million-word corpus of two newspapers; one published in English; The Guardian, and the other in Arabic; Asharq Al-Awsat from 2009 to 2011. The analysis of the headlines has produced complementary and convergent findings with the corpus analysis and suggests that the 2011 Libyan civil war represents a turning point on how Qaddafi is represented in the investigated newspapers. This study concludes that analysing headlines proves to be a good down-sampling option to reduce large news corpora to a workable amount of data.

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Lewis, Diana M. "A comparable-corpus based approach to the expression of obligation across English and French." Nordic Journal of English Studies 14, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.35360/njes.343.

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Candel-Mora, Miguel Ángel. "Comparable Corpus Approach to Explore the Influence of Computer-assisted Translation Systems on Textuality." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 198 (July 2015): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.07.420.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Corpus comparable'

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