Dissertations / Theses: 'Corpus linguistic analysis'

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Saiz, Marta. "Across-linguistic corpus-based analysis of linguistic variation." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.527556.

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Karageorgou, Ioanna. "Fitness Discourse on Instagram: A Corpus Linguistic Analysis." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21671.

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Fitness relates to several life aspects, such as health and exercise. Because of its vast popularity, it is often referred to as a ‘fitness trend’ where the body has a central role. Due to technological advances, fitness has found its way into mobile applications and Social Network Sites (SNSs), prompting the linguistic analysis of these environments. This study investigates how female fitness is discussed by female personal trainers (PTs) online. A mixed approach of quantitative methodology (Corpus Linguistics) and qualitative textual analysis (Discourse Analysis) was adopted. Following Baker’s corpus-driven approach (2006), a specialised corpus was compiled with a total of 440 posts (51,779 tokens) from the Instagram accounts of three female professional PTs. Various patterns were presented under four themes: mind and body, physical strength, empowerment, and the FITNESS IS A JOURNEY metaphor. The most salient patterns discussed were health, aesthetics, weight-loss, and body-representation. There was strong evidence of other trends (‘fitspiration’, ‘HAES’, and ‘body positivity’) which promote a positive body image and strength (physical and mental) as a health indicator. In sum, the findings provide a female PT’s perspective on fitness and show how female fitness is promoted by encouraging positive narratives around fitness, the body and ourselves.

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Yoo, Syeng-Mann. "A corpus-linguistic analysis of fifteenth-and sixteenth-century Rjazanian Legal Documents /." The Ohio State University, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486400446369876.

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Rayson, Paul Edward. "Matrix : a statistical method and software tool for linguistic analysis through corpus comparison." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2003. http://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/12287/.

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Wu, Y. "A corpus-based register analysis of corporate blogs : text types and linguistic features." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2016. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3000395/.

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A main theme in sociolinguistics is register variation, a situation and use dependent variation of language. Numerous studies have provided evidence of linguistic variation across situations of use in English. However, very little attention has been paid to the language of corporate blogs (CBs), which is often seen as an emerging genre of computer-mediated communication (CMC). Previous studies on blogs and corporate blogs have provided important information about their linguistic features as well as functions; however, our understanding of the linguistic variation in corporate blogs remains limited in particular ways, because many of these previous studies have focused on individual linguistic features, rather than how features interact and what the possible relations between forms (linguistic features) and functions are. Given these limitations, it would be necessary to have a more systematic perspective on linguistic variation in corporate blogs. In order to study register variation in corporate blogs more systematically, a combined framework rooted in Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL), and register theories (e.g., Biber, 1988, 1995; Halliday & Hasan, 1989) is adopted. This combination is based on some common grounds they share, which concern the functional view of language, co-occurrence patterns of linguistic features, and the importance of large corpora to linguistic research. Guided by this framework, this thesis aims to: 1) investigate the functional linguistic variations in corporate blogs, and identify the text types that are distinguished linguistically, as well as how the CB text types cut across CB industry-categories, and 2) to identify salient linguistic differences across text types in corporate blogs in the configuration of the three components of the context of situation - field, tenor, and mode of discourse. In order to achieve these goals, a 590,520-word corpus consisting of 1,020 textual posts from 41 top-ranked corporate blogs is created and mapped onto the combined framework which consists of Biber’s multi-dimensional (MD) approach and Halliday’s SFL. Accordingly, two sets of empirical analyses are conducted one after another in this research project. At first, by using a corpus-based MD approach which applies multivariate statistical techniques (including factor analysis and cluster analysis) to the investigation of register variation, CB text types are identified; and then, some linguistic features, including the most common verbs and their process types, personal pronouns, modals, lexical density, and grammatical complexity, are selected from language metafunctions of mode, tenor and field within the SFL framework, and their linguistic differences across different text types are analysed. The results of these analyses not only show that the corporate blog is a hybrid genre, representing a combination of various text types, which serve to achieve different communicative purposes and functional goals, but also exhibit a close relationship between certain text types and particular industries, which means the CB texts categorized into a certain text type are mainly from a particular industry. On this basis, the lexical and grammatical features (i.e., the most common verbs, pronouns, modal verbs, lexical density and grammatical complexity) associated with Halliday’s metafunctions are further explored and compared across six text types. It is found that language features which are related to field, tenor and mode in corporate blogs demonstrate a dynamic nature: centring on an interpersonal function, the online blogs in a business setting are basically used for the purposes of sales, customer relationship management and branding. This research project contributes to the existing field of knowledge in the following ways: Firstly, it develops the methodology used in corpus investigation of language variation, and paves the way for further research into corporate blogs and other forms of electronic communication and, more generally, for researchers engaging in corpus-based investigations of other language varieties. Secondly, it adds greatly to a description of corporate blog as a language variety in its own right, which includes different text types identified in CB discourse, and some linguistic features realized in the context of situation. This highlights the fact that corporate blogs cannot be regarded as a simple discourse; rather, they vary according to text types and context of situation.

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Falk, Johanna. "We will rock you : A diachronic corpus-based analysis of linguistic features in rock lyrics." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-24249.

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In the present paper, the potential of corpus-linguistic research is put into action. More specifically, a corpus-based demonstration of the general style used in rock lyrics is formed in order to identify the genre-specific features. A corpus consisting of roughly 53 000 words was created for this research. The focus lies on a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the vocabulary as well as of the stylistic markers. The aim of this essay is to investigate the language used in the lyrics of rock music lyrics and the results of the research illustrate in what ways rock lyrics are either more spoken-like or written-like; whether rock lyrics mirror the general word usage in society, and in what ways rock music is comparable to other genres. Using the rock lyrics corpus (ROLC), trends within rock lyrics were retraced diachronically. Results show that rock lyrics, to some extent, follow the general word usage. However, other results also contradict this. Further research in this area is therefore encouraged. Findings show that rock music shares features with other genres, but also that that rock has some unique features. Developments and stagnations were detected in regards to word usage. These features are examined in order to find an explanation.

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Anderson, Wendy J. "A corpus linguistic analysis of phraseology and collocation in the register of current European Union administrative French." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/4909.

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The French administrative language of the European Union is an emerging discourse: it is less than fifty years old, and has its origins in the French administrative register of the middle of the twentieth century. This thesis has two main objectives. The first is descriptive: using the flourishing methodology of corpus linguistics, and a specially compiled two-million word corpus of texts, it aims to describe the current discourse of EU French in terms of its phraseology and collocational patterning, in particular in relation to its French national counterpart. The description confirms the phraseological specificity of EU language but shows that not all of this can be ascribed to semantic or pragmatic factors. The second objective of this thesis is therefore explanatory: given the phraseological differences evident between the two discourses, and by means of a diachronic comparison, it asks how the EU discourse has developed in relation to the national discourse. A detailed analysis is provided of differences between the administrative language as a whole and other registers of French, and indeed of genre-based variation within the administrative register. Three main types of phraseological patterning are investigated: phraseology which is the creation of administrators themselves; phraseological elements which are part of the general language heritage adopted by the administrative register; and collocational patterning which, as a statistical notion, is the creation of the corpus. The thesis then seeks to identify the most significant influences on the discourse. The data indicates that, contrary to expectations, English, nowadays the most commonly-used official language of the EU institutions, has had relatively little influence. More importantly, the translation process itself has acted as a conservative influence on the EU discourse. This corresponds with linguistic findings about the nature of translated text.

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Mills, Colin Robert. "Information density in French and Dagara folktales : a corpus-based analysis of linguistic marking and cognitive processing." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.679490.

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This thesis examines the relationship between information density and the use of certain syntactic or discourse features. It analyses how the use of these linguistic features varies across two significant contextual dimensions: (i) societal literacy, i.e. the extent to. which the written medium is used in a particular society, as indicated by a number of measurable factors, and (ii) whether the spoken or the written medium is being used. Drawing on the psycholinguistic and cognitive science literature on discourse processing, the relationship between information density, cognitive processing difficulty and linguistic marking is also a key element of the study. Defining information as semantic (based on semantic propositions), pragmatic, and only measurable in relative terms, a definition of information density is elaborated involving informativity (a relative measure of semantic and pragmatic information) per clause. While information density is seen as too complex to measure globally, a wide-ranging study of both syntactic and discourse features related to semantic propositions and inferences allows a comparison of information density between corpora.

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Wright, David. "Stylistics versus statistics : a corpus linguistic approach to combining techniques in forensic authorship analysis using Enron emails." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/8278/.

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This thesis empirically investigates how a corpus linguistic approach can address the main theoretical and methodological challenges facing the field of forensic authorship analysis. Linguists approach the problem of questioned authorship from the theoretical position that each person has their own distinctive idiolect (Coulthard 2004: 431). However, the notion of idiolect has come under scrutiny in forensic linguistics over recent years for being too abstract to be of practical use (Grant 2010; Turell 2010). At the same time, two competing methodologies have developed in authorship analysis. On the one hand, there are qualitative stylistic approaches, and on the other there are statistical ‘stylometric’ techniques. This study uses a corpus of over 60,000 emails and 2.5 million words written by 176 employees of the former American company Enron to tackle these issues in the contexts of both authorship attribution (identifying authors using linguistic evidence) and author profiling (predicting authors’ social characteristics using linguistic evidence). Analyses reveal that even in shared communicative contexts, and when using very common lexical items, individual Enron employees produce distinctive collocation patterns and lexical co-selections. In turn, these idiolectal elements of linguistic output can be captured and quantified by word n-grams (strings of n words). An attribution experiment is performed using word n-grams to identify the authors of anonymised email samples. Results of the experiment are encouraging, and it is argued that the approach developed here offers a means by which stylistic and statistical techniques can complement each other. Finally, quantitative and qualitative analyses are combined in the sociolinguistic profiling of Enron employees by gender and occupation. Current author profiling research is exclusively statistical in nature. However, the findings here demonstrate that when statistical results are augmented by qualitative evidence, the complex relationship between language use and author identity can be more accurately observed.

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Nguyễn, Minh Chính. "L'injonction dans le Français parlé d'une approche en langue à une analyse de corpus." Thesis, Paris 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA030023.

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Les grammairiens considèrent que l’impératif est le moyen normal pour formuler une injonction. Cependant d’autres moyens tels que l’assertion, l’interrogation, les expressions averbales sont possibles. Notre thèse se propose d’étudier les caractéristiques syntaxiques, sémantiques et pragmatiques ainsi que la répartition de ces moyens en fonction des activités linguistiques pratiquées par les locuteurs. Nous avons retenu cinq situations (entretien, petit commerce, didactique – institutionnelle et didactique – amicale).Après avoir défini sur une base pragmatique, nous avons essayé de dégager les configurations très fréquentes et celles qui restent exceptionnelles, de voir comment les compétences linguistiques sont mobilisées par les locuteurs pour satisfaire les attentes normatives dans les différentes situations sociales qui constituent notre corpus
The grammar considers that the imperative form is the normal means to formulate imperative utterances. However, other means like assertives, interrogatives and non-verbal expressions are possible. Our thesis studies the syntactical, semantic and pragmatic caracteristics of these structures and their distributions according to the linguistic activities. We have taken five situations (interview, small commerce, didactical – institutionnal, didactical – friendly).Adopting a pragmatic definition of the imperative, we tryed to figure out the frequent and exeptionnel configurations, to see how linguistic skills are mobilized by speakers to satisfy the normative expectations in these different social situations

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Jacobs, Jarod Trevor. "The balance of probability : a statistically based analysis of the linguistic character of the 'biblical' Dead Sea Scrolls." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-balance-of-probabilitya-statistically-based-analysis-of-the-linguistic-character-of-the-biblical-dead-sea-scrolls(735f11fd-2271-4085-9136-026d51c4c51c).html.

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The linguistic character of the “biblical” Dead Sea Scrolls has been of interest to scholars since the very beginning of scrolls research. However, scholars have disagreed over the nature of the language found in those scrolls. Some argue that the “biblical” scrolls are essential to our understanding of Second Temple Hebrew, while others set these scrolls aside in favour of the non-biblical texts. Yet, no one has undertaken a comprehensive analysis of the “biblical” scrolls, which is essential if we hope to settle this debate. This study fills that void by providing a comprehensive analysis of all the “biblical” DSS. Over forty different features are discussed through a comparison between the “biblical” scrolls and the other major witnesses to the Hebrew Bible. Current linguistic theories, including robust inferential statistical tools, are utilised within the analysis in order to provide conclusions based on sound methodology. This study begins with a global analysis of all the “biblical” scrolls, focusing on a comparison between the plene and defective manuscripts. Through that analysis, this study concludes that there are very few linguistic modernisations found in the “biblical” scrolls. In order to verify this conclusion, five individual scrolls are analysed. Finally, this study closes by providing a qualitative analysis of the “biblical” scrolls and shows their linguistic character to be most consistent with a scribal culture of linguistic stability and textual authority.

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Ene, Simona Estela. "The Last Stages of Second Language Acquisition: Linguistic Evidence from Academic Writing by Advanced Non-Native English Speakers." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195720.

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Second Language Acquisition (SLA) researchers have yet to map the developmental stages language learners go through as they approach the target language. In studies of ESL writing, the term "advanced learner" has been applied indiscriminately to learners ranging from freshman ESL composition to graduate students (Bardovi-Harlig and Bofman, 1989; Chaudron and Parker, 1990; Connor and Mayberry, 1996; Hinkel, 1997, 2003). There is a need to examine the advanced stages of SLA in order to refine SLA theories and pedagogical approaches.A corpus of texts written by eleven graduate students in applied linguistics who are non-native-English speakers from several linguistic backgrounds was analyzed to determine the texts' lexical, morphological, and syntactic fluency, accuracy, and complexity. A sub-corpus of papers by seven native-English-speaking peers was used for comparison. The texts were sit-down and take-home examinations written in a doctoral program at the end of the first semester and three years later. Surveys and interviews were conducted to supplement the corpus with ethnographic data.This dissertation defines data-based criteria that distinguish four quantitatively and qualitatively distinct developmental stages: the advanced, highly advanced, near-native, and native-like stages. Advanced learners make more frequent and varied errors (with articles, prepositions, plural and possessive markers, agreement and anaphors), which can be explained by linguistic transfer. Native-like writers make few errors that can be explained by overgeneralization of conventions from informal English and working memory limitations (just like native speakers' errors). Throughout the four stages, errors (i.e., incorrect forms that reflect lack of linguistic knowledge (Corder, 1967)) became less frequent, and more of the incorrect usages appeared to be mistakes (occasional slips).This dissertation supports Herschensohn's (1999) proposal that SLA is a process of transfer followed by relearning of morpho-syntactic specifications. Syntax was used with the greatest accuracy (Bardovi-Harlig and Bofman, 1989), while lexicon (especially function words) was the weakest. In addition, length of stay in an English-speaking country and amount of interaction with native speakers were proportional with accuracy. An important pedagogical recommendation is that (corpus-assisted) language teaching should continue until the target language is reached.

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Nilsson, Fredrik. "A comparative analysis of word use in popular science and research articles in the natural sciences: A corpus linguistic investigation." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för utbildning, kultur och kommunikation, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-44626.

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Within the realm of the natural sciences there are different written genres for interested readers to explore. Popular science articles aim to explain advanced scientific research to a non-expert audience while research articles target the science experts themselves. This study explores these genres in some detail in order to identify linguistic differences between them. Using two corpora consisting of over 200 000 words each, a corpus linguistic analysis was used to perform both quantitative and qualitative examinations of the two genres. The methods of analysis included word frequency, keyword, concordance, cluster and collocation analyses. Also, part-of-speech tagging was used as a complement to distinguish word class use between the two genres. The results show that popular science articles feature personal pronouns to a much greater extent compared to research articles, which contain more noun repetition and specific terminology overall. In addition, the keywords proved to be significant for the respective genres, both in and out of their original context as well as in word clusters, forming word constructions typical of each genre. Overall, the study showed that while both genres are very much related through their roots in natural science research they accomplish the task of disseminating scientific information using different linguistic approaches.

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Blauenfeldt, Anne. "Violent Rapists and Depraved Paedophiles: Linguistic Representation of Sex Offenders in the British Tabloid Press - A Comparative Corpus-Based Study." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21832.

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Through a combination of corpus linguistics and critical discourse analysis, this paper looks at the hidden ideological discourses surrounding sex offenders in the British media. Corpus linguistics provides an excellent framework to discover such discourse patterns and the critical discourse analysis framework helps contextualise the findings. The specific aim of the paper is to discover and compare the discourse patterns surrounding the specific nominals rapist* and paedophile* in order to see how the representations differ. The analysis uncovered that the representation of both offenders was sensationalised and full of negative and emotionally loaded words. Furthermore, it was discovered that two differing discourses were prominent for each nominal: An animalistic and bodily discourse for rapist* and a discourse of deviance and the mind for peadophile*. Lastly, it is argued that these misrepresentations are problematic as they misinform both the public and the regulation of offenders.

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Reis, Michel Ferreira dos. "Temas e formas em Héracles : um estudo baseado em keywords e treebank /." Araraquara, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/149874.

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Orientador: Anise de Abreu Gonçalves D'Orange Ferreira
Banca: Edvanda Bonavina da Rosa
Banca: Caio Vieira Reis de Camargo
Resumo: Este trabalho teve por finalidade realizar um levantamento das palavras-chaves na obra Héracles, do tragediógrafo Eurípides, e demonstrar o uso de treebank para a anotação morfossintática das sentenças. Para tal, a pesquisa fora baseada nos pressupostos teóricos e metodológicos da Linguística de Corpus em relação à extração de keywords, partindo do ponto de vista de que um texto quando comparado a outro ou a um conjunto de texto apresenta palavras estatisticamente mais recorrentes e mais significativas dentro do texto estudado, revelando temas e ou estilo textuais. Nesta pesquisa, para extração de keywords, o corpus de estudo foi Héracles e o de referência foi constituído pelas outras dezoito obras de Eurípides, todas em domínio público no site da Biblioteca Digital Perseu. Utilizando o programa AntConc, configurado com o método de cálculo log-likelihood e com o limiar crítico de 10,84, foi obtida uma lista com sessenta e quatro palavras não lematizadas, as quais trouxeram temas importantes da peça como os personagens, a violência e o ambiente familiar e de amizade que permeiam as ações e a loucura que domina o protagonista. Já com a anotação sintática em árvore foi possível trazer pontos da gramática da língua grega, bem como questões das orientações de anotação do Manual do Treebank de Dependência do Grego Antigo.
Abstract: This research had the purpose of performing a survey of the keywords in Heracles, by Euripides, and to demonstrate the use of treebank for the morphosyntactic annotation of the sentences. For this, the research was based on the theoretical and methodological assumptions of Corpus Linguistics in relation to the extraction of keywords, starting from the point of view that a text when compared to another one or to a set of text presents words statistically more recurrent and more significant within the studied text, revealing textual themes and or style. In this research, for the extraction of keywords, the corpus of study was Heracles and the corpus of reference was made up of the other eighteen works of Euripides, all in the public domain on the website of the Perseus Digital Library. Using the AntConc program, configured with the log-likelihood calculation method and the critical threshold of 10.84, a list was obtained with sixty-four non-lemmatized words, which brought important themes of the piece such as the characters, violence and the familiar environment and friendship that permeate the actions and madness that dominates the protagonist. Already with the syntactic tree annotation it was possible to bring points of the grammar of the Greek language, as well as questions of the Guidelines for the Syntactic Annotation of the Ancient Greek Dependency Treebank.
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Nicaise, Laurent. "Een multifactoriële studie over metaforiek in de financieel-economische pers." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209731.

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Quels facteurs déterminent la présence et le choix de métaphores dans la presse financière et économique? Présentation d’un modèle explicatif.

Ces 20 dernières années, les publications en sémantique cognitive traitant de la relation entre la métaphore et l’idéologie dans la presse financière se sont multipliées. Grâce notamment à Boers (1997, 1999, 2000), Koller (2002) et Charteris-Black (2000), la plupart des mécanismes rhétoriques accompagnant les métaphores sont relativement bien connus.

Toutefois, jusqu’à présent, l’effet de l’idéologie sur les choix métaphoriques n’a pas pu être prouvé, et à fortiori mesuré. Le but de cette étude est de développer un modèle explicatif des facteurs influençant la présence et le choix de métaphores dans la presse financière, afin de fournir un instrument méthodologique et statistique fiable pour l’analyse critique du discours. Une telle analyse pourrait s’avérer également utile dans le domaine de la traduction et de l’apprentissage de la langue spécialisée dans le domaine économique.

Le cadre théorique est constitué par une version modernisée de la Conceptual Metaphor Theory. L’approche est cognitive et onomasiologique. Le point de départ est un ensemble de concepts élémentaires du monde financier et sélectionnés sur la base des résultats d’un échantillon randomisé de 10.000 mots dans 2 quotidiens de la presse belge. Les concepts sont ensuite rassemblés sur base de critères pragmatiques et statistiques dans un ensemble qui reflète la composition du monde des finances et de la bourse.

Pour chaque réalisation de ces concepts, on décide si oui ou non il s’agit d’une métaphore, en appliquant la méthode d’identification proposée par le « Pragglejaz Group » (2007). Ensuite, dans le cas d’une métaphore, on tente d’identifier le domaine source.

Le corpus bilingue couvre une période de 12 mois en 2005 et comprend 450.000 mots, répartis dans 6 publications belges :De Standaard, De Morgen, Trends Cash, La Libre Belgique, Le Soir et L’Investisseur.

Doctorat en philosophie et lettres, Orientation langue et littérature
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Moustafa, Basant Sayed Mohamed [Verfasser]. "Linguistic gender identity construction in political discourse : a corpus-assisted analysis of the primary speeches of Barack Obama and Hillary Clinton / Basant Sayed Mohamed Moustafa." Mainz : Universitätsbibliothek Mainz, 2015. http://d-nb.info/107018652X/34.

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Wu, Junyu. "A Linguistic Analysis of the Written Production of Second Language Learners : The Variation of Article Usage by Adult Chinese Learners of English." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Engelska, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-13828.

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This study aims to test Robertson’s lexical transfer principle, which posits that Chinese learners use demonstratives (particularly this) and the numeral one as markers of definiteness and indefiniteness. This is tested by analysing Chinese learners’ written production collected from the Spoken and Written English Corpus of Chinese Learners 2.0 (SWECCL 2.0). The purpose is to understand the variation of article usage by adult Chinese learners of English. More specifically, the study examines to what extent articles, possessive and demonstrative pronouns are used in Chinese learners’ English and how definite and indefinite articles are used by the Chinese learners. Findings suggest that Robertson’s lexical transfer principle was corroborated by the present study. In addition, Chinese learners prefer to use demonstrative determiners, the possessive determiner our, and the numeral one to perform the function of marking definiteness and indefiniteness. In particular, the learners try to use the demonstrative determiners that and this in the anaphoric function instead of the definite article, and the demonstrative determiner those is frequently used in the cataphoric function. What is more, the learners use the numeral one as a marker of indefiniteness, and it is also used as a marker of definiteness in the anaphoric function. Further, the possessive determiner our is used as a marker of definiteness in larger situation uses referring to something unique. To this end, the study is able to show that the definite article is used to perform the function of marking indefiniteness, and in some particular contexts the definite article functions as a Chinese specifier in Chinese learners’ English. Also, the indefinite article is frequently used in quantifier phrases but is rarely used in other functions. There are three main reasons that may explain why Chinese learners use determiners variously. Firstly, the choice of determiners by Chinese learners is influenced by linguistic contexts. Secondly, because of learning strategies, Chinese learners try to ignore the anaphoric function and cataphoric function that they are not yet ready to process in article usage. Thirdly, interlanguage grammar influences the optionality in the use of articles.

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Godoy, Ariane Dutra Fante [UNESP]. "Glossário bilíngue dos termos fundamentais do setor feirístico: busca de equivalências em inglês." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/110530.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-11-10T11:09:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2014-06-02Bitstream added on 2014-11-10T11:57:56Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000790869_20170702.pdf: 313334 bytes, checksum: ac3638ae692ef8080c09a2734e4bd7cd (MD5) Bitstreams deleted on 2015-06-25T13:00:57Z: 000790869_20170702.pdf,. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2015-06-25T13:03:20Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000790869_20201231.pdf: 235438 bytes, checksum: 161353dc28e8a4b06859d340418b8c2b (MD5)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
O objetivo geral de nosso trabalho é analisar a terminologia bilíngue (português-inglês) do setor feirístico, mais especificamente dos termos utilizados durante o processo de preparação, participação e pós-feira, tendo como objetivo específico principal a elaboração de um glossário bilíngue português-inglês/inglês-português para o uso de profissionais do setor, pesquisadores e estudantes das áreas de comércio exterior e relações internacionais e tradutores. A pesquisa está fundamentada nas teorias de Alpízar-Castillo (1995), Alves (1996), Aubert (1996), Barros (2004, 2007), Boutin-Quesnel (1985), Cabré (1993, 1999), Krieger e Finatto (2004), Barbosa (1996, 2010), Dubuc (1985), Berber Sardinha (2004), Babini (2001a, 2001b, 2006) e Faulstich (1998, 2001). A primeira etapa de nossa pesquisa foi a constituição de dois corpora, um em português e outro em inglês. Trata-se de livros, artigos e revistas especializados, manuais, estudo de mercado das feiras, trabalhos acadêmicos, leis, decretos e portarias sobre feiras. Além desses corpora, utilizamos, também, para nossas buscas outras fontes, tais como: dicionários especializados de comércio exterior, marketing e relações internacionais. Para a coleta dos termos, adotamos a metodologia de pesquisa utilizada na terminologia bilíngue ou multilíngue. Os termos foram coletados por meio de software para processamento de corpora e foram organizados em sistemas nocionais. Sucessivamente, elaboramos nosso glossário e procedemos à análise do conjunto de termos fundamentais do setor feirístico, destacando os principais problemas encontrados na busca e no estabelecimento de equivalências em inglês
Our research aims to analyze the bilingual terminology (portuguese-english) of the trade fair sector, specifically the terms used during the process of preparation, participation and post-show, with the main specific goal of compiling a bilingual glossary (portuguese-english/english-portuguese) for the use of professionals from the trade fair sector, researchers and students of the foreign trade and international relations areas as well as translators. The research is based on the theories of Alpízar-Castillo (1995), Alves (1996), Aubert (1996), Barros (2004, 2007), Boutin-Quesnel (1985), Cabré (1993, 1999), Krieger e Finatto (2004), Barbosa (1996, 2010), Dubuc (1985), Berber Sardinha (2004), Babini (2001a, 2001b, 2006) and Faulstich (1998, 2001). The first stage of our research was the gathering of two corpora, one in portuguese and one in english composed of specialized books, articles and magazines, manuals, market researches, academic papers and laws about the trade fair sector. Besides these sources, we also used specialized dictionaries of foreign trade and international relations. To collect the terms we adopted the research methodology used in bilingual or multilingual terminology. Data was collected through a corpora processing software and was organized into two notional systems. Subsequently, we prepared our glossary and proceeded to analyze the key terms of the trade fair sector highlighting the main problems encountered in the pursuit and establishment of equivalences in english

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20

Stinnett, Angie Ashley. "'Blood-Talk': A Language Network Analysis of English Speaking Heritage Butchers in the Southwestern United States." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/312624.

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Recently, network theory has been used to analyze the formal syntactic and semantic properties of written texts to explain the development of language (Solé et al. 2005). While foundational, this approach neglects the social and cultural pressures affecting language in interaction, a central focus of sociolinguistics and linguistic anthropology (Hymes 1974, Goffman 1981, Gumperz 1982, Goodwin 2006). The influential work of M.M. Bakhtin (1981) frames speech as an emergent social process inflected by shifting patterns of negotiated meanings. As Hill (1986) observed "the enormous impact of Bakhtin's work, already felt with earthquake strength in literary studies...[is] now beginning to appear with equal force in the anthropology of language" (1986: 89).The aim of this research is to test the conjecture that by expanding the frame of language network analysis to include the social context of speech, the emergent properties of heteroglossia predicted by Bakhtin will be clarified. This analysis builds on prior research on language in interaction, drawing from sociolinguistic analysis (Sacks et al. 1974, Atkinson & Heritage 1984), word frequency (Nelson et al. 1998, Mendoza-Denton 2003), and network analysis (Bearman & Stovel 2000, de Nooy et al. 2005, Solé et al. 2005, Mehler 2010).According to Bakhtin, heteroglossia emerges as speakers "appropriate the words of others and populate them with one's own intention" (1981:428). This multi-sited doctoral research investigates the speech of butchers through participant observation, work place interactions and interviews, with a focus on references to blood. Some of the semantic features that become affixed to blood are due to historical and popular culture understandings of this signifier, while other salient features derive from subject positionality and community of practice (Lave & Wenger 1991). This work provides a snapshot of all of these processes at work in the speech of an occupational community of American butchers. The results of this analysis show that including the social context has significant effects on the conceptualization of both semantic and social networks, in comparison with networks derived exclusively from written texts.

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21

Godoy, Ariane Dutra Fante. "Glossário bilíngue dos termos fundamentais do setor feirístico : busca de equivalências em inglês /." São José do Rio Preto, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/110530.

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Orientador: Maurizio Babini
Banca: Marilei Amadeu Sabino
Banca: Manoel Messias Alves da Silva
Resumo: O objetivo geral de nosso trabalho é analisar a terminologia bilíngue (português-inglês) do setor feirístico, mais especificamente dos termos utilizados durante o processo de preparação, participação e pós-feira, tendo como objetivo específico principal a elaboração de um glossário bilíngue português-inglês/inglês-português para o uso de profissionais do setor, pesquisadores e estudantes das áreas de comércio exterior e relações internacionais e tradutores. A pesquisa está fundamentada nas teorias de Alpízar-Castillo (1995), Alves (1996), Aubert (1996), Barros (2004, 2007), Boutin-Quesnel (1985), Cabré (1993, 1999), Krieger e Finatto (2004), Barbosa (1996, 2010), Dubuc (1985), Berber Sardinha (2004), Babini (2001a, 2001b, 2006) e Faulstich (1998, 2001). A primeira etapa de nossa pesquisa foi a constituição de dois corpora, um em português e outro em inglês. Trata-se de livros, artigos e revistas especializados, manuais, estudo de mercado das feiras, trabalhos acadêmicos, leis, decretos e portarias sobre feiras. Além desses corpora, utilizamos, também, para nossas buscas outras fontes, tais como: dicionários especializados de comércio exterior, marketing e relações internacionais. Para a coleta dos termos, adotamos a metodologia de pesquisa utilizada na terminologia bilíngue ou multilíngue. Os termos foram coletados por meio de software para processamento de corpora e foram organizados em sistemas nocionais. Sucessivamente, elaboramos nosso glossário e procedemos à análise do conjunto de termos fundamentais do setor feirístico, destacando os principais problemas encontrados na busca e no estabelecimento de equivalências em inglês
Abstract: Our research aims to analyze the bilingual terminology (portuguese-english) of the trade fair sector, specifically the terms used during the process of preparation, participation and post-show, with the main specific goal of compiling a bilingual glossary (portuguese-english/english-portuguese) for the use of professionals from the trade fair sector, researchers and students of the foreign trade and international relations areas as well as translators. The research is based on the theories of Alpízar-Castillo (1995), Alves (1996), Aubert (1996), Barros (2004, 2007), Boutin-Quesnel (1985), Cabré (1993, 1999), Krieger e Finatto (2004), Barbosa (1996, 2010), Dubuc (1985), Berber Sardinha (2004), Babini (2001a, 2001b, 2006) and Faulstich (1998, 2001). The first stage of our research was the gathering of two corpora, one in portuguese and one in english composed of specialized books, articles and magazines, manuals, market researches, academic papers and laws about the trade fair sector. Besides these sources, we also used specialized dictionaries of foreign trade and international relations. To collect the terms we adopted the research methodology used in bilingual or multilingual terminology. Data was collected through a corpora processing software and was organized into two notional systems. Subsequently, we prepared our glossary and proceeded to analyze the key terms of the trade fair sector highlighting the main problems encountered in the pursuit and establishment of equivalences in english
Mestre

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22

Poix, Cécile. "Contrastive analysis of lexical neology in a multilingual corpus of children's literature : typology and function of occasionalisms." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE2115.

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Cette thèse a pour objet de comprendre ce que représente la néologie dans le contexte de la littérature pour la jeunesse.Pour cela, une typologie des procédés de création lexicale est proposée, pour des occasionnalismes relevés dans un corpus de littérature pour la jeunesse. La taxonomie reprend les matrices lexicogéniques de Jean Tournier [1985] avec trois macro-mécanismes : néologie morphosémantique, sémantique et morphologique. Quatre procédés ont été identifiés dans cette thèse : formation lexicale, déformation lexicale, création lexicale et emprunt. Les innovations lexicales ne se limitent pas à des procédés lexicologiques. Certaines figures de style donnent également lieu à la formation d’occasionnalismes. Les matrices de Tournier ont donc été enrichies pour inclure tous les procédés identifiés par le biais d’un raisonnement inductif dans le cadre d’une étude exploratoire du corpus.Pour les besoins de cette thèse, un corpus de littérature pour la jeunesse a été constitué, comportant des œuvres représentatives des XIX° et XX° siècles en anglais, français, allemand et italien avec leurs traductions dans les trois autres langues. Le corpus comprend plus de neuf millions de mots. Il est aligné, ce qui permet des études contrastives.Cette thèse analyse également la fonction des occasionnalismes (effet sonore, jeu de mots, fonction ostentatoire, anti-naming [une forme de nonsense], hypostatisation, fonction déictique et euphémisme) ainsi que les stratégies de traduction les concernant (selon les procédés de formation des occasionnalismes ou selon la fonction qu’ils occupent dans la langue source).Dans le contexte de la littérature pour la jeunesse, la plupart des occasionnalismes ne sont pas créés pour être vecteurs de sens (ou combler un vide lexical). Ils jouent un rôle métalinguistique et didactique en invitant le lecteur à s’interroger sur les normes linguistiques
This thesis aims to understand what neology encompasses in the context of children’s literature. To this end, a typology of nonce formations is established to categorise occasionalisms identified in a corpus of children’s books. This classification follows Jean Tournier’s lexicogenic matrices [1985] with three macro-mechanisms: morpho-semantic, semantic and morphological neology. Four nonce formation processes were identified in this study: word formation, word de-formation, word creation and borrowing. Lexical innovations are not confined to lexicological processes. Some occasionalisms result from stylistic features. Thus, Tournier’s matrices were enhanced to include all nonce formation processes following inductive reasoning in a corpus-driven approach.For the purpose of this study a corpus of children’s books was compiled. It includes classics from the 19th and 20th century written in English, French, German and Italian with their translations in the respective languages. The corpus is made of over nine million words. It is aligned to enable contrastive analysis.This thesis also reviews the function of occasionalisms (sound effect, wordplay, attention-seeking device, anti-naming, hypostatization, deictic reference, and euphemism) and their translation (either based on the nonce formation process or reproducing the function in the source language).In the context of children’s literature, most occasionalisms are not coined for the purpose of carrying meaning (or filling a lexical gap). They play a metalinguistic and didactic role, inviting the reader to reflect on linguistic norms

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23

Beyer, Stefan, Biase-Dyson Camilla Di, and Nina Wagenknecht. "Annotating figurative language." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-201537.

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Whereas past and current digital projects in ancient language studies have been concerned with the annotation of linguistic elements and metadata, there is now an increased interest in the annotation of elements above the linguistic level that are determined by context – like figurative language. Such projects bring their own set of problems (the automatisation of annotation is more difficult, for instance), but also allow us to develop new ways of examining the data. For this reason, we have attempted to take an already annotated database of Ancient Egyptian texts and develop a complementary tagging layer rather than starting from scratch with a new database. In this paper, we present our work in developing a metaphor annotation layer for the Late Egyptian text database of Projet Ramsès (Université de Liège) and in so doing address more general questions: 1) How to ‚tailor-make’ annotation layers to fit other databases? (Workflow) 2) How to make annotations that are flexible enough to be altered in the course of the annotation process? (Project design) 3) What kind of potential do such layers have for integration with existing and future annotations? (Sustainability)

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24

Meric, Olivier. "Organisation discursive de la visite médiée de sites touristiques : théorisation contributionnelle et valorisation d'une praxis professionnelle." Thesis, Dijon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016DIJOL012/document.

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Le discours produit lors d’une visite touristique naît de différentes modalités de communication dont la visite assistée par un dispositif socio-technique et la visite-conférence dirigée par un médiateur. Ces deux modalités présentant des caractéristiques communes propres au genre discursif de la visite médiée, offrent aussi des différences significatives pour constituer un corpus d’étude subdivisé par les modalités de production et les langues sources : des textes écrits par des professionnels du domaine et des textes enregistrées en présence de visiteurs, en français et en espagnol. Plusieurs interrogations se posent dont celle d’une taxonomie des genres de discours liés au domaine spécialisé étudié, celle d’une unité de segmentation textuelle s’affranchissant du caractère scriptural ou oral du mode de production du texte, et celles liées à la catégorisation d’un texte dans un genre discursif. En effet, les valeurs des paramètres de caractérisation doivent permettre l’introduction d’un prototype indispensable à la catégorisation et à l’indexation textuelle du genre étudié.Cette recherche s’inscrit donc dans le cadre théorique de la linguistique textuelle et de l’analyse des pratiques discursives comme indices des praxis sociales, mais la méthodologie employée élargit cette base théorique à la linguistique contributionnelle post-gricéenne qui légitime l’introduction de la contribution comme unité de segmentation textuelle. En outre, le traitement quantitatif d’une compilation de textes sélectionnés trouve ses fondements au sein même de l’analyse de discours et de la linguistique de corpus. La méthode suivie, qui introduit les règles de segmentation textuelle dont l’annotation manuelle qualitative, et l’analyse quantitative permettent de proposer un modèle d’organisation de chaque genre considéré. Au-delà du grand intérêt que présente la caractérisation de nouveaux discours spécialisés, ce travail introduit d’un côté une méthode d’analyse à l’origine du développement d’un programme de segmentation, d’annotation et d’indexation ; et une valorisation didactique dans l’enseignement des langues sur objectifs spécifiques ; et d’un autre côté le développement d’interfaces proposant de nouvelles modalités de médiation dont le discours est pensé en amont de leur réalisation
The discourse produced in a guided tour stems from different communicative modalities which include the visit assisted by a socio-technical device and the visit guided by an education and visitor service officer. These two modalities show common characteristics of a guided tour; they also offer significant differences. These differences allow us to compile a corpus divided according to its modalities of production and the languages: written text by professionals of the tourism sector, in French and in Spanish. Several issues arise such as the genre taxonomy of the discourse linked to the specific field studied, the unit of the text segmentation which has to free itself from the scriptural or oral feature of the text production, the textual categorisation and indexation of the studied genre. Indeed, the characterisation parameter value must introduce an essential prototype in order to categorise and index the texts of the studied genres. Therefore, as a sign of social praxis, this research suits the text linguistic and discourse analysis theoretical framework. In addition, the selected methodology enlarges this theoretical background to the post-Gricean linguistics of contribution which allows to define the contribution as the unit of textual segmentation. Furthermore, the quantitative analysis of a selected text compilation is rooted in the discourse analysis and corpus linguistic approaches. The method followed here, which introduces textual segmentation rules such as qualitative manual annotation and quantitative analysis suggests structural patterns of each considered genre. Beyond the notable interest of categorising new specialized discourses, this investigation introduces a new analytical method. On the one hand, the methodological framework is the source of a segmentation, annotation, and indexation software development. On the other hand, it is the source of an application development recommending new modalities of guided tours where the priority is given to the elaboration of the discourse

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Emami, Mohammad. "The dynamics of literary translation : a case study from English to Persian." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/5955.

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This thesis aims to elucidate the translation process by devising a way of retrieving evidence of this process from its output. It further aims to assess the claims made by some scholars concerning the possible existence of Translation Universals. In order to isolate the interaction of texts and contexts, a corpus of American short stories was created, with their translations into Persian published after the 1979 Revolution. Three complementary methodologies gave a rounded picture: (1) Corpus-based Descriptive Translation Studies; (2) The pragmatic and rhetorically-based approach of Thinking Translation devised at St Andrews; and ‎(3) The analytical framework mostly established by Halliday in his Systemic Functional Grammar.‎ Approaching the process of translation in the specific order devised in this thesis provided four vantage points to analyse the data in a systematic way from linguistic, discourse, cultural and literary views before reaching what are at once the most personal and most characteristic aspects of a translator's work. The research begins with a literature review of the field and an account of linguistic constraints and of all Translation Universals hypothesised so far, followed by an extensive analysis of data in two consecutive chapters. With reference to the choices made in this corpus, it is discussed in the Conclusions chapter that most of the Translation Universals so far claimed are not in fact universal. It is the role of the translator which has emerged as the determining factor in producing a translated text, and thus as the key to resolving the issues explored in this thesis. It seems there are no constraints beyond the translator's reach, and there are no parameters which do not involve the translator, who introduces his or her own choices, or manipulates certain parameters. Only when they have done so, will the translation, as both process and product, be accomplished.

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26

Oliveira, Carolina Sartori de [UNESP]. "A variação entre ter e haver em construções existenciais na fala e na escrita da variedade riopretense." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/122109.

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Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-09T12:28:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2014-07-24Bitstream added on 2015-04-09T12:48:18Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000812878.pdf: 608576 bytes, checksum: 7b7ceeeb2fd0a9f39a4a054b2559e232 (MD5)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
A abordagem do fenômeno de variação entre ter e haver existenciais na literatura especializada tem demonstrado que a forma ter é praticamente categórica na língua falada; no entanto, paradoxalmente, no registro escrito, haver parece resistir e alternar com ter no contexto da construção existencial. Com base em uma distribuição em tempo aparente, este trabalho tem por objetivo geral verificar se, assim como ocorre em outras variedades, o processo de mudança linguística entre as formas ter e haver em contexto existencial está praticamente consolidado, em favor da primeira variante, na língua falada de São José do Rio Preto. Em face da resistência de haver na escrita, este trabalho pretende avaliar também se, na redação de escolares do Segundo Ciclo do Ensino Fundamental, é possível detectar um processo secundário, e puramente escolar, de aprendizagem da forma conservadora haver existencial, ainda considerada uma variante de prestígio. A base teórica em que se assenta este trabalho é o modelo da Sociolinguística Variacionista, especialmente Weinreich, Labov e Herzog ([1968] 2006), que, ao contrário de Saussure ([1916]1977), veem o objeto de estudo como a língua em uso no contexto social, identificando, sobretudo, seu caráter inerentemente heterogêneo. Com base nessa concepção de língua em uso, este trabalho se debruça sobre um córpus de língua falada e um córpus de língua escrita, composto por produções textuais de alunos de 5ª e 8ª séries. Realiza-se uma análise quantitativa dos dados mediante o emprego do programa estatístico Goldvarb, que fornece valores percentuais e pesos relativos para a interpretação qualitativa dos grupos de fatores linguísticos e extralinguísticos selecionados para avaliar esse fenômeno variável na variedade estudada. De um modo geral, os resultados demonstram que, na língua falada, são apenas os grupos de fatores linguísticos que exercem influência no processo de ...
The researches involving existential ter and haver have shown that existential ter is practically categorical in spoken language. However, in written language haver seems to resist and alternate with ter in existential contexts. The general object of this research conducted in apparent time is to verify if, in the spoken language of São José do Rio Preto, the linguistic change between the existential verbs ter and haver is practically consolidated as it was confirmed in other varieties, indicating categorical levels of ter in the spoken language of São José do Rio Preto. Based on such statement, another point that will be verified is if in the written language of children who attend Junior High School occurs a schooling process which promotes the learning of existential haver, classified as a conservative variant. The theory used in this research is based on the assumptions of the Sociolinguistic Variation developed by Weinreich, Labov and Herzog ([1968] 2006), in which these authors define the language as an object of study used in social contexts and as a heterogeneous object, which differs from the concepts of Saussure ([1916] 1977). Based on this conception of language in use this research analyses two corpora, one of spoken language and another of written language, specifically from children attending Junior High School. The analyses of the data were performed by the Goldvarb statistical program, which provides percentages and relative weights of the linguistic and social group of factors selected to interpret this phenomenon in the São José do Rio Preto’s variety. The results revealed that in spoken language the linguistic groups of factors have an influence on the variation process that includes existential ter and haver, which doesn´t occur in written language, because in this modality just the social group of factors was selected as a conductor of the variation between these existential verbs. The interpretation of the ...

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27

Oliveira, Carolina Sartori de. "A variação entre ter e haver em construções existenciais na fala e na escrita da variedade riopretense /." São José do Rio Preto, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/122109.

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Orientador: Roberto Gomes Camacho
Banca: Sanderléia Roberta Longhin
Banca: Maria da Conceição A. de Paiva
Resumo: A abordagem do fenômeno de variação entre ter e haver existenciais na literatura especializada tem demonstrado que a forma ter é praticamente categórica na língua falada; no entanto, paradoxalmente, no registro escrito, haver parece resistir e alternar com ter no contexto da construção existencial. Com base em uma distribuição em tempo aparente, este trabalho tem por objetivo geral verificar se, assim como ocorre em outras variedades, o processo de mudança linguística entre as formas ter e haver em contexto existencial está praticamente consolidado, em favor da primeira variante, na língua falada de São José do Rio Preto. Em face da resistência de haver na escrita, este trabalho pretende avaliar também se, na redação de escolares do Segundo Ciclo do Ensino Fundamental, é possível detectar um processo secundário, e puramente escolar, de aprendizagem da forma conservadora haver existencial, ainda considerada uma variante de prestígio. A base teórica em que se assenta este trabalho é o modelo da Sociolinguística Variacionista, especialmente Weinreich, Labov e Herzog ([1968] 2006), que, ao contrário de Saussure ([1916]1977), veem o objeto de estudo como a língua em uso no contexto social, identificando, sobretudo, seu caráter inerentemente heterogêneo. Com base nessa concepção de língua em uso, este trabalho se debruça sobre um córpus de língua falada e um córpus de língua escrita, composto por produções textuais de alunos de 5ª e 8ª séries. Realiza-se uma análise quantitativa dos dados mediante o emprego do programa estatístico Goldvarb, que fornece valores percentuais e pesos relativos para a interpretação qualitativa dos grupos de fatores linguísticos e extralinguísticos selecionados para avaliar esse fenômeno variável na variedade estudada. De um modo geral, os resultados demonstram que, na língua falada, são apenas os grupos de fatores linguísticos que exercem influência no processo de ...
Abstract: The researches involving existential ter and haver have shown that existential ter is practically categorical in spoken language. However, in written language haver seems to resist and alternate with ter in existential contexts. The general object of this research conducted in apparent time is to verify if, in the spoken language of São José do Rio Preto, the linguistic change between the existential verbs ter and haver is practically consolidated as it was confirmed in other varieties, indicating categorical levels of ter in the spoken language of São José do Rio Preto. Based on such statement, another point that will be verified is if in the written language of children who attend Junior High School occurs a schooling process which promotes the learning of existential haver, classified as a conservative variant. The theory used in this research is based on the assumptions of the Sociolinguistic Variation developed by Weinreich, Labov and Herzog ([1968] 2006), in which these authors define the language as an object of study used in social contexts and as a heterogeneous object, which differs from the concepts of Saussure ([1916] 1977). Based on this conception of language in use this research analyses two corpora, one of spoken language and another of written language, specifically from children attending Junior High School. The analyses of the data were performed by the Goldvarb statistical program, which provides percentages and relative weights of the linguistic and social group of factors selected to interpret this phenomenon in the São José do Rio Preto's variety. The results revealed that in spoken language the linguistic groups of factors have an influence on the variation process that includes existential ter and haver, which doesn't occur in written language, because in this modality just the social group of factors was selected as a conductor of the variation between these existential verbs. The interpretation of the ...
Mestre

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28

Elmerot, Irene. "Hodný, zlý a ošklivý (The Good, the Bad and the Ugly) : The representation of three minority groups in printed media discourse from the Czech Republic." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Slaviska språk, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-141840.

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Syftet med detta arbete är att göra en kvantitativ, korpusbaserad undersökning av den språkliga andrafieringen av tre minoritetsgrupper: romer, vietnameser och ukrainare, i den tjeckiska mediadiskursen under 15 år, samt att få ett omfattande, representativt resultat genom att jämföra neutrala, positiva och negativa adjektiv som står intill sökorden. Till teoretisk grund ligger hur språket hjälper till att bygga och förstärka maktstrukturer samt hur korpussökningar efter kollokationer och närliggande ord kan tydliggöra en språklig andrafiering. Här används en kvantitativ metod för att besvara analytiska frågor om dessa benämningar. Materialet som ligger till grund för analysen är SYN version 4 i det tjeckiska Nationalkorpuset – i sin helhet består det av 275 miljoner meningar. Det verkar inte tidigare ha utförts någon sådan undersökning på ett så stort material, även om några forskare har använt liknande metoder. Resultatet bekräftar att de olika grupperna beskrivs på olika sätt, och är, genom det stora källmaterialet, ett bevis på hur språket i mediadiskursen speglar diskursen i samhället i stort.

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29

Finkbeiner, Rita. "Idiomatische Sätze im Deutschen : Syntaktische, semantische und pragmatische Studien und Untersuchung ihrer Produktivität." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för baltiska språk, finska och tyska, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-8289.

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This study aims at examining in detail the linguistic characteristics of sentential idioms (‘idiomatische Sätze’, IS) in German, e.g. Das kannst du dir an den Hut stecken.; Du hast wohl Tomaten auf den Augen!; Da lachen ja die Hühner!. In theoretically and empirically investigating their syntactic, semantic and pragmatic features and productive potential, it is shown that IS can only be described properly by looking at the interfaces between syntax, semantics, and pragmatics, and by systematically investigating pattern formation. In this respect, the study goes far beyond traditional phraseological research. As a theoretical background, the study refers to research on phraseology, sentence types and sentence mood, linguistic evaluation, morphological productivity, and the frameworks of Construction Grammar and Relevance Theory. Empirical evidence comes from a large corpus of written German, a linguistic experiment on productivity, and introspective data. With respect to syntax, the study shows that IS are bound to one or a few different sentence types, varying according to the degree of restriction of their speech act potential. The complex semantics of IS is shown to consist not only of a literal and an idiomatic, but also of a third, mediating representational level. The idiomatic meaning of IS is described as evaluative meaning. Pragmatically, IS are dependent on special contextual environments to obtain a proper interpretation. A context model is developed which makes use of certain categories of evaluation. Moreover, a relevance-theoretic approach is sketched in order to explain which functional advantages IS might have compared to non-idiomatic utterances. With respect to productivity, ten different idiomatic patterns of construction are identified and described in detail. It is experimentally demonstrated that these patterns are productive to a greater or lesser degree dependent on their internal syntactic, lexical, semantic and pragmatic features.

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Darko, Kovačević. "Kontrastivna analiza žanra u tekstovima o klasičnoj muzici na engleskom i srpskom jeziku." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Filozofski fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2016. http://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=101218&source=NDLTD&language=en.

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Cilj ovog rada je bio da se izvrši kontrastivna ana-IZ liza žanra tekstova o klasičnoj muzici na engleskom i srpskom jeziku koja bi omogućila predstavljanje ključnih jezičkih i sadržajnih sličnosti i razlika koje postoje među njima. U sklopu analize, žanr tekstova o klasičnoj muzici je sagledan i predstavljen kroz različite aspekte, a obavljena je i opsežna jezička analiza korpusa tekstova iz žanra, posebno za tekstove na engleskom jeziku i za one na srpskom. Nakon toga, obavljena je kontrastivna analiza, pomoću koje su uporedno sagledani rezultati dobijeni analizom žanra. Rezultati dobijeni u ovom radu mogu naći primjenu u četiri različita područja: u lingvističkim teorijama iz oblasti analize žanra i kontrastivne analize, pri upotrebi i kreiranju tekstova o klasičnoj muzici u okviru diskursne zajednice profesionalnih muzičara, prevođenju tekstova o klasičnoj muzici sa engleskog jezika na srpski i obrnuto i u nastavi engleskog jezika struke na visokoobrazovnim institucijama iz oblasti muzičke umjetnosti.
The aim of the paper was to perform a contrastiveAB genre analysis of texts on classical music in English and Serbian which would enable the presentation of key linguistic similarities and differences which exist between them. Within the analysis, the genre of texts on classical music was observed and presented through different aspects, and a comprehensive linguistic analysis of texts from the genre was performed as well, separately for texts in English and the ones in Serbian. After that, a contrastive analysis was performed, and by means of it the results obtained by the genre analysis were viewed comparatively. The results obtained in this paper introduce the genre of texts on classical music in the literature dedicated to genre analysis and contrastive analysis and can be applied in four different areas: linguistic theories dedicated to genre analysis and contrastive analysis, use and creation of texts on classical music within the discourse community of professional musicians, translation of texts on classical music from English to Serbian and viceversa and ESP teaching at highe

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KORTE, MATTHEW. "Corpus Methods in Interlanguage Analysis." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1218835515.

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Bibié-Emerit, Laetitia. "Description du discours numérique : étude des bouleversements linguistiques du web 2.0 au travers de l'exemple des souhaits d'anniversaire sur Facebook." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BOR30076/document.

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Ce travail de recherche propose une description du discours numérique tel qu’il apparaît dans l’environnement numérique qu’est Facebook. Il s’appuie sur l’étude des souhaits d’anniversaire, en montrant comment leur forme finale peut être influencée par la préconstruction technolangagière du site. La première partie, donne un aperçu de l’évolution des recherches sur le discours numérique, en décrivant d’une part le contexte d’apparition du web 2.0 et des bouleversements épistémologiques et discursifs qu’il a pu provoquer. Et d’autre part les spécificités linguistiques connues du discours apparaissant dans les environnements numériques. La deuxième partie, montre que l’avènement du web social a changé les choses dans les recherches sur le discours numérique, demandant une approche pluridisciplinaire. Cette réflexion nécessite de décentrer le regard des énoncés pour s’intéresser à leur environnement de production et aux affordances qu’il offre aux locuteurs. Ce nouveau positionnement épistémologique permet de repenser la description de Facebook, non plus comme une plateforme communicationnelle mais comme un environnement discursif complexe mettant en question les notions d’identité, d’intimité et de liens socio-affectifs. Enfin, la troisième et dernière partie de cette thèse, présente les problématiques liées à l’étude d’un cas concret d’écriture nativement numérique. La description et l’analyse des souhaits d’anniversaire sur Facebook et des outils méthodologiques et théoriques adaptés aux environnements numériques utilisés à cette fin. La description et l’analyse des souhaits d’anniversaire sur Facebook permettent de dégager deux aspects technolangagiers dans ce type de discours. Le premier est l’action environnementale sur la production langagière, c’est le cas notamment de la préconstruction technolangagière mais aussi de la prise en compte de l’exposition du message par les locuteurs (redéfinition du lien socio-affectif). Le second est l’intégration de la technologie à l’intérieur même des formes discursives, générant de nouveaux technogenres comme le discours par bouton ou des énoncés augmentés comme les hashtags
This research provides a description of the digital discourse as it appears in the digital environment that is Facebook. It is based on the study of birthday wishes, showing how their final shape may be influenced by technological influence site. The first part provides an overview of developments in research on digital discourse, describing on one hand the context of emergence of Web 2.0 and discursive and epistemological changes that it has caused. And also known linguistic specificities of the speech appearing in digital environments. The second part shows that the advent of the social web has changed things in research on digital discourse, demanding a multidisciplinary approach. This reflection requires an interest in that production environment and affordances that provides speakers. This new epistemological positioning allows to rethink the description of Facebook, not as a communicative platform, but as a complex discursive environment by questioning the notions of identity, privacy and socio-emotional ties. The third and final part of this thesis presents the issues related to the study of a concrete case of natively digital writing. The description and analysis of birthday wishes on Facebook and methodological and theoretical tools adapted to digital environments used for this purpose. The description and analysis of birthday wishes on Facebook show two technolinguistic aspects in this type of discourse. The first is environmental action on language production, it is the case of technological preconstruction but also taking account of exposure of the message by the speakers (redefinition of socio-emotional bond). The second is the integration of technology within the same discursive forms, generating new technological genders as the discourse by button or statements increased as hashtags

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Lúcio, Denise Delegá. "A variação entre textos argumentativos e o material didático de inglês: aplicações da análise multidimensional e do Corpus Internacional de Aprendizes de Inglês (ICLE)." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2013. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/13640.

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This thesis aims to check the way how argumentative texts produced by English learners vary and, by means of this knowledge, suggest procedures for developing activities for English teaching material. The research resorts to the theoretical framework of Corpus Linguistics, Learner Corpus Linguistics, and Multidimensional Analysis. Our study corpora were the International Corpus of Learner English (ICLE), the Brazilian International Corpus of Learner English (BrICLE), and the Louvain Corpus of Native English Essays (LOCNESS). In the first phase of this research, we checked the way how variation in learner s essays was distributed along the dimensions of English variation proposed by Biber (1988). In the second phase, we identified the specific variation dimensions in leaner s essays, something which resulted in 4 dimensions of variation: dimension 1 literate writing versus narrativelike and oral-like writing; dimension 2 description-driven writing versus action-driven writing; dimension 3 writing focused on thought and report; and dimension 4 qualifying writing. In the third phase, we addressed the linguistic characteristics observed in the dimension literate writing versus narrative-like and oral-like writing to find contents for the teaching activities about variation in texts. In addition to the suggested activities, we present the procedures needed to use results from researches like this for producing language teaching materials
Esta tese tem por objetivo verificar o modo como textos argumentativos produzidos por alunos de inglês variam e, a partir desse conhecimento, sugerir procedimentos para o desenvolvimento de atividades para material didático de inglês. A pesquisa recorre ao arcabouço teórico da Linguística de Corpus, Linguística de Corpus de Aprendiz e Análise Multidimensional. Nossos corpora de estudo foram o International Corpus of Learner English (ICLE), o Brazilian International Corpus of Learner English (BrICLE) e o Louvain Corpus of Native English Essays (LOCNESS). Na primeira fase desta pesquisa, verificamos o modo como a variação nas redações de aprendizes se distribuía nas dimensões de variação do inglês propostas por Biber (1988). Na segunda fase, identificamos as dimensões de variação específicas nas redações de aprendizes, o que resultou em 4 dimensões de variação: dimensão 1 escrita letrada versus escrita narrativizada e oralizada; dimensão 2 escrita com foco na descrição versus escrita com foco no agir; dimensão 3 escrita com foco no pensamento e no relato; e dimensão 4 escrita qualificativa. Na terceira fase, partimos das características linguísticas observadas na dimensão escrita letrada versus escrita narrativizada e oralizada para encontrar conteúdos para as atividades didáticas sobre a variação em textos. Além das atividades sugeridas, apresentamos os procedimentos necessários para utilizar resultados de pesquisas como esta para a produção de materiais didáticos para ensino de línguas

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Gonçalves, Marcos Antônio. "As formações x-inho nas modalidades oral e escrita: um estudo contrastivo baseado na lingüística de corpus." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2006. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=59.

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As formações x-inho são descritas, na maioria das gramáticas de Língua Portuguesa como contendo noções dimensiva e afetiva. Entretanto, essas mesmas gramáticas não incluem os fatores extraligüísticos e contextuais nos quais os anunciadores estão inseridos quando optam por uma formação em x-inho. Sob esta perspectiva, tem-se no presente trabalho, o objetivo de investigar a produtividade das formações x-inho em dois corpora eletrônicos: um oral, subdividido em dois subcorpora contendo respectivamente narrativas e descrições e um escrito, oriundo exclusivamente das variadas seções e cadernos de um jornal de grande circulação e qualidade. A dissertação quantifica as ocorrências das formações x-inho em cada um dos corpora. Em seguida cada uma dessas ocorrências é analisada para se verificar que tipo de noção (dimensiva, afetiva positiva ou negativa, intensificadora, etc) ela contem. Por fim são contrastados os dados de freqüência e dispersão de cada uma das noções encontradas para cada um dos corpora. A metodologia de nossa análise está centrada na área de investigação lingüística denominada Lingüística de corpus, que serve de base para que os dados colhidos sejam analisados e interpretados.
The items ending in -inho are described in the majority of grammars of Portuguese as conveying two notions, namely affect and dimension. However, the same grammars do not seem to include either the extralinguistic or contextual factors in which speakers are inserted when they opt for a word ending in -inho. The aim of the present work thus is to investigate the productivity of such items in two electronic corpora: one of an oral nature which is further subdivided into two sub-corpora containing narratives and descriptions and a second one compiled exclusively from the various sections of a widely read quality newspaper. The dissertation quantifies the various instances of items ending in inho in each of the corpora. Next, each of these occurrences is analysed and classified to check which notion (dimentio,positive affect, negative affect, intensification) they convey. Last the results of both frequency and dispension counts are contrasted for each of the corpora. The methodology of our analyses is centered on the area known as Corpus Linguistics, which provides a basis for the data to be compiled and interpreted.

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Dercenno, Amerigo. "Presidential Language in the Pressroom: A Corpus-Assisted Analysis of Trump's Spontaneous Discourse." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/20878/.

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Donald Trump has been the most controversial figure in the recent US political scene. Besides being well-known for his political views and his conduct as President, he has also grabbed people’s attention with his original use of language, which is unlike that of many politicians and former Presidents. But what makes it different? What role is language playing in his unexpected political success? Starting from such questions, and with the fundamental help of two collections of transcripts (corpora), this study analyses a representative sample of Trump’s press conferences to shed light on his spontaneous discourse, that is, the language he employs when he speaks off the cuff, without following any script.

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White, Sara LuAnne. "Applying Corpus-Assisted Critical Discourse Analysis to an Unrestricted Corpus: A Case Study in Indonesian and Malay Newspapers." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2017. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6478.

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In 2008, Baker et al. proposed a nine-step method that combines quantitative corpus linguistics with qualitative critical discourse analysis. To date this cycle has only been used to analyze a single language with a restricted corpus. Can this method, originally designed for this narrow focus, be applied cross-culturally to an unrestricted corpus? There are two over-arching goals for this paper, one linguistic and one methodological. The first goal is to learn about language ideologies in Indonesian and Malay newspapers; the second goal is to evaluate the efficacy of a mixed-methods corpus-driven approach to discourse analysis using the methods proposed by Baker et al. Our research will be based on the cross-cultural analysis of two 4-million-word corpora of newspaper articles; one Indonesian and one Malay. Malaysia and Indonesia are home to two peoples, living side by side and sharing a common language background, but reacting to the Islamic fundamentalist movement in different ways. Applying Baker et al.'s cycle, we will use keyword analysis, collocation, concordance lines, and qualitative analysis in this study. Whereas Baker employed a corpus restricted to articles about refugees, asylum seekers, immigrants, and migrants, our corpus encompasses articles on any topic; whereas their study focused solely on English, ours will compare Indonesian and Malay. To build a "useful methodological synergy" between qualitative and quantitative analysis (Baker, et al., 2008), this corpus-driven study will consider how Islam and related terms are being represented by government, historical, and religious sources. The results of this study will help us discern how these two countries are reacting to the fundamentalist movement. This study will also help evaluate the applicability of Baker et al.'s proposed methods to other types of sociolinguistic research and bring to light any modifications that could be made.

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Lopes, Francisco João. "Análise morfossintática das construções-Wh no português falado em Cabo Verde." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8142/tde-18072017-182235/.

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Esta Tese, intitulada Análise morfossintática das construções-Q no português falado em Cabo Verde (PCV), consiste na primeira descrição e análise morfossintática do grupo de construções denominada na literatura como construções-Wh e seus respectivos subgrupos construções relativas, interrogativas-Wh e construções clivadas no português falado em Cabo Verde (doravante PCV). A descrição e análise apresentadas são: (i) feitas a partir de um conjunto de corpora inéditos, coletados durante três trabalhos de campo, realizados de acordo com as técnicas da linguística de campo; e (ii) embasadas na Teoria da Gramática, sob a perspectiva minimalista de derivação por fases phases (CHOMSKY, 1995, 2000, 2001, 2005, 2008). Os resultados obtidos corroboram a proposta inicial de que: (i) os falantes caboverdianos possuem diferentes graus de competência linguística em PCV. Esta variedade linguística ainda que não língua primeira dos caboverdianos, entra para vida destes, ainda que apenas nas competências auditiva e perceptiva, desde a primeira infância; (ii) o processo de educação formal desenvolve, posteriormente, as competências leitura e escrita, buscando aproximar a gramática do PCV da do Português Europeu, em um processo que gera resultados diferentes, a nível individual, dependendo do grau de uso do PCV pelo falante caboverdiano; (iii) a análise das construções-Wh corroboram o PCV como uma variedade autóctone da língua portuguesa em formação, em estreita relação de contato linguístico e cuja origem pode ser traçada como sendo concomitante ao crioulo caboverdiano (doravante CCV); (iv) nos aspectos gramaticais em que o PCV se diverge do PE, ainda que convergentes com o CCV, não podem ser tomadas, categoricamente, como casos de transferências do CCV para o PCV, pois tais fenômenos são observados também em outras variedades da língua portuguesa no mundo. Na parte de análise são apresentadas propostas derivacionais para as relativas, interrogativas-Wh e construções clivadas. No que diz respeito às clivadas, é feita uma proposta derivacional monoclausal, que consiste na reformulação da proposta apresentada por um grupo de pesquisadores que divergem da proposta tradicional que se vê na literatura para esse tipo de sentenças.
This Thesis, entitled \"Morphosyntactic analysis of the Wh-constructions in the Portuguese spoken in Cape Verde (PCV)\", consists of the first morphosyntactic description and analysis of a group of construction called Wh-construction in the literature and their subgroups relative constructions, Wh-interrogatives and cleft constructions in the Portuguese spoken in Cape Verde Islands (hereinafter PCV). The analysis and description presented are: (i) done from a set of an original group of corpora collected during three field works, carried out in accordance with the techniques of field linguistics; and (ii) based on Grammar Theory, under the minimalist perspective of derivation by phases - (Chomsky, 1995, 2000, 2001, 2005, 2008). The results obtained corroborate the initial proposal that: (i) the Cape Verdean speakers present different degrees of linguistic competence in PCV. This linguistic variety, although not the first language of the Cape Verdeans, enters their lives, although only in the auditory and perceptive skills, from early childhood; (ii) the formal education process later develops the reading and writing skills, aiming to bring the grammar of the PCV closer to European Portuguese, in a process that generates different results at the individual level, depending on the degree of use of the PCV by the Cape Verdean speaker; (iii) The analysis of the Wh-constructions corroborate the PCV as an autochthonous variety of the Portuguese language in formation, in close relation of linguistic contact and whose origin can be traced as concomitant with that of the CCV; (iv) with regards to the grammatical aspects in which the PCV diverges from the Europiam Portuguese, although convergent with the CVC, cannot be taken categorically as cases of \'transfer\' from the CCV to the PCV, since such phenomena are also observed in other varieties of the Portuguese language in the world. In the part of analysis are presented derivational proposals for the relative, interrogatives-Wh and cleft constructions. With regard to the clefts, a derivational monoclausal proposal is made, which consists of the reformulation of the proposal presented by a group of researchers that diverge from the traditional proposal that is seen in the literature for this type of sentences.

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Silvestri, Sara. "A Comparative Analysis of Donald Trump's and Hillary Clinton's Political Discourse." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/16545/.

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In this dissertation, I carry out an analysis of Hillary Clinton's and Donald Trump's political discourse in the 2016 US presidential campaign, in order to identify non-obvious meanings and patterns in their distinctive use of language. This comparison is carried out using a corpus-assisted approach, taking advantage of tools developed within corpus linguistics, such as the corpus query tool 'AntConc'. Based on the comparison of lists of keywords for both corpora, the analysis highlights aspects of their political rhetoric that would not be noticeable by simply reading the transcripts.

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Almeida, Maria Izabel de Andrade. "Prosa argumentativa em língua inglesa: um estudo contrastivo sobre advérbios em corpora digitais." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2010. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=2908.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo principal investigar como aprendizes brasileiros de língua inglesa usam advérbios com terminação em ly no inglês escrito, e comparar ao uso que deles fazem os falantes de inglês como língua materna. Para tanto, o trabalho encontra suporte teórico e metodológico na Linguística de Corpus e fundamenta-se na área chamada de pesquisa sobre corpora de aprendizes, que se ocupa da coleta e armazenagem de dados linguísticos de sujeitos aprendizes de uma língua estrangeira, para a formação de um corpus que possa ser utilizado para fins descritivos e pedagógicos. Esta área objetiva identificar em que aspectos os aprendizes diferem ou se assemelham aos falantes nativos. Os corpora empregados na pesquisa são o corpus de estudo (Br-ICLE), contendo inglês escrito por brasileiros, compilado de acordo com o projeto ICLE (International Corpus of Learner English) e dois corpora de referência (LOCNESS e BAWE), contendo inglês escrito por falantes de inglês como língua materna. Os resultados indicam que os alunos brasileiros usam, em demasia, as categorias de advérbios que indicam veracidade, realidade e intensidade, em relação ao uso que deles fazem os falantes nativos, além de usarem esses advérbios de forma distinta. Os resultados sugerem que, além das diferenças apresentadas em termos de frequência (seja pelo sobreuso ou subuso dos advérbios), os aprendizes apresentavam combinações errôneas, ou em termos de colocados ou em termos de prosódia semântica. E finalmente a pesquisa revela que a preferência dos aprendizes por advérbios que exprimem veracidade, realidade e intensidade cria a impressão de um discurso muito assertivo. Conclui-se que as diferenças encontradas podem estar ligadas a fatores como o tamanho dos corpora, a influência da língua materna dos aprendizes, a internalização dos elementos linguísticos necessários para a produção de um texto em língua estrangeira, a falta de fluência dos aprendizes e o contexto de sala de aula nas universidades
This research investigates how Brazilian learners of English use adverbs ending in-ly in written English and compares their use to that of speakers of English as a mother tongue. To this end, the work resorts to Corpus Linguistics as both theoretical and methodological support. The research is based on the area called Learner Corpora Research, which deals with the collection, storage and analysis of linguistic data produced by learners of a foreign language, which can then be used for descriptive and teaching purposes. This area aims to identify ways in which learners use of the foreign language is different or similar to that of native speakers. The data used in this research are the corpus of study (Br-ICLE), containing written English produced by Brazilian learners, built according to the ICLE project (International Corpus of Learner English), as well as two reference corpora (Locness and BAWE) containing written English produced by speakers of English as a mother tongue. The results indicate that Brazilian learners overuse the categories of adverbs that indicate truth, reality and intensity in comparison to the use made by native speakers, furthermore they use these adverbs in different ways. The results also suggest that, given the differences in frequency (either by overuse or underuse of adverbs), the learners tend to misuse combinations in terms of collocates or in terms of semantic prosody. And finally, the research reveals that the preference of learners for adverbs expressing truth, reality and intensity creates the impression of very assertive voices. We conclude that these differences may be related to factors such as the size of the corpus, the influence of the learners mother tongue, the internalization of linguistic elements needed to produce a text in a foreign language or even the lack of fluency of the learners and the classroom context in the universities

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Souza, Renata Condi de. "A Revista TIME em uma perspectiva multidimensional." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2012. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/13610.

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This thesis aims to analyze TIME magazine through its cover stories in search for the dimensions of linguistic variation of all of its texts since the beginning of its publication, in February 1923, to April 2011. To meet this goal, the research is based on Corpus Linguistics, an area of Applied Linguistics which sees language as a probability system and whose studies involve the use of computational tools and collections of texts held in electronic format (corpora). The research also finds support in Multidimensional Analysis, a corpus linguistic approach that allows the study of the dimensions of variation in large amounts of texts by means of statistical procedures in order to map the associations between linguistic features and registers. The methodology includes mass data collection of TIME magazine texts on the Internet through scripts and a range of analyses through Factor Analysis, Analysis of Variance and Cluster Analysis. The first part of the analysis aims at placing the corpus along the five main dimensions of variation defined by Biber in 1988, which apply to English as a whole. The second part of the analysis seeks to determine the dimensions of variation that are specific to TIME magazine as well as check the role of external circumstances, such as editorial, political, economic and social events. This reveals five dimensions, namely: person-oriented discourse versus discussion-oriented discourse, opinion-based stance, argumentative discourse versus action-oriented discourse, idea-oriented discourse versus actionoriented discourse, and covert persuasion versus informational reporting. Other analyses identify the ranges of variation within the dimensions, as well as the text types that are inherent in TIME magazine
Esta tese objetiva à análise da revista TIME através das suas matérias de capa em busca pelas dimensões de variação linguística desde o início de sua publicação, em fevereiro de 1923, até abril de 2011. Para tanto, a pesquisa se fundamenta na Linguística de Corpus, área da Linguística Aplicada por meio da qual a língua é vista como um sistema probabilístico e cujos estudos envolvem o uso de ferramentas computacionais e coleções de textos em formato eletrônico (corpora). A pesquisa também se fundamenta na Análise Multidimensional, uma abordagem metodológica baseada em corpus que permite o estudo das dimensões de variação em grandes quantidades de textos por meio de procedimentos estatísticos com o intuito de mapear as associações existentes entre características linguísticas e registros. A metodologia utilizada inclui a coleta em massa de textos da revista TIME na Internet por meio de scripts e suas análises através da Análise Fatorial, Análise de Variância e Análise de Agrupamento. A primeira parte da análise tem como objetivo localizar o corpus dentre as cinco principais dimensões de variação definidas por Biber, em 1988, e que se aplicam à Língua Inglesa como um todo. A segunda etapa da análise busca determinar as dimensões de variação específicas à revista TIME, assim como verificar o papel de fatores externos, tais como questões editoriais, políticas, econômicas e sociais. Esta análise revela cinco dimensões, a saber: discurso orientado por pessoa versus discurso orientado por discussão, posicionamento opinativo, discurso argumentativo versus discurso narrativo, discurso orientado por ideias versus discurso orientado por ações e persuasão implícita versus escrita informacional. Outras análises identificam as faixas de variação dentro das dimensões e os tipos de textos inerentes à revista TIME

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Zuppardo, Maria Carolina. "Dimensões de variação em manuais aeronáuticos: um estudo baseado na análise multidimensional." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2014. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/13671.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
This study set out to identify the dimensions of variation that characterize aircraft manuals, apply the 1988 dimensions for English to aircraft manuals, and verify if there is statistically significant variation among aircraft manufacturers and models as well as types of manuals in terms of the dimensions of variation of aircraft manuals. The main theoretical underpinning for the research is provided by Corpus Linguistics, an area of Applied Linguistics based on the view of language as a probability system whose studies of language or language varieties involve the use of computational and interactive tools applied to large collections of texts held in electronic format (corpora). More specifically, the study presented here is informed by Multidimensional Analysis, a corpus-based approach for the study of associations between linguistic features and registers in large amounts of text through the use of statistical procedures in order to identify dimensions of variation. The corpus compiled for the study is comprised of operational and maintenance aircraft manuals of commercial and corporate aircraft, containing 10,009,040 words distributed across 154 texts. On the whole, the findings suggest that, in terms of placement of the corpus in the dimensions of variation for English defined by Biber in 1988, aircraft manuals are highly informational, non-narrative, with explicit references, abstract information, and covert persuasion. In addition, the multidimensional analysis revealed three dimensions of variation for aircraft manuals, namely: (1) Broad system descriptions; (2) Decision-making discourse versus Procedural discourse; e (3) Problem-solving discourse versus Specific parts descriptions. The study presented here may have made an original contribution to the English for Aviation areas in addition to the existing body of corpus-based research in that it determined the dimensions of variation of aircraft manuals and their salient linguistic features. The study also presents and discusses possible limitations and further research, as well suggestions for pedagogical applications of the findings
O trabalho teve como objetivos principais identificar as dimensões de variação próprias da linguagem dos manuais aeronáuticos, identificar onde se situam os manuais de manutenção de aeronaves nas dimensões de variação do inglês e verificar se há variação estatística significativa entre os fabricantes de aeronaves, os modelos de aeronaves e os tipos de manuais aeronáuticos em relação às dimensões de variação dos manuais aeronáuticos. A pesquisa foi embasada nos pressupostos teóricos da Linguística de Corpus, uma área de pesquisa da Linguística Aplicada que se baseia na visão probabilística da linguagem e cujo estudo de uma língua ou variedade linguística envolve o uso de ferramentas computacionais e interativas aplicadas à grandes coletâneas de textos em formato eletrônico (corpora). Mais especificamente, o estudo se baseia na Análise Multidimensional (AMD), uma metodologia baseada em corpus para o estudo das relações entre características linguísticas e registros em grandes quantidades de textos, por meio de procedimentos estatísticos a fim de identificar dimensões de variação. O corpus empregado na pesquisa é composto de manuais operacionais e de manutenção de aeronaves comerciais e executivas, contendo 10.009.040 palavras distribuídas em 154 textos. A análise da localização do corpus nas dimensões de variação do inglês definidas por Biber em 1988 indicou que manuais aeronáuticos são essencialmente informacionais e não narrativos, contendo referências explícitas, expressão não explícita de persuasão e informações abstratas. Além disso, a análise multidimensional revelou três dimensões próprias dos manuais aeronáuticos que foram denominadas: (1) Ampla descrição de sistemas; (2) Discurso de tomada de decisões versus Discurso de procedimentos; e (3) Discurso de solução de problemas versus Descrição de partes específicas. A pesquisa pretende ter fornecido uma contribuição original para a área de inglês para aviação e para a área de pesquisas baseadas em corpus ao identificar as dimensões próprias dos manuais aeronáuticos e suas características linguísticas mais salientes. O trabalho ainda apresenta e discute as limitações da pesquisa e possíveis pesquisas para o futuro, além de possíveis sugestões de aplicações pedagógicas dos resultados da pesquisa

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Atallah, Caroline. "Analyse de relations de discours causales en corpus : étude empirique et caractérisation théorique." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU20072/document.

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Dans cette thèse, nous nous interrogeons sur les réalisations linguistiques des relations causales selon une approche sémantique et pragmatique du discours. Bien que la causalité occupe une place centrale dans les théories du discours, il n’existe pas de consensus quant aux relations qui lui sont associées. Confrontant les propositions faites dans la littérature avec nos observations sur des données attestées, nous proposons de contribuer à l’enrichissement d’une théorie du discours spécifique : la SDRT (Segmented Discourse Representation Theory). Cette thèse se situe donc à l’interface entre linguistique de corpus et linguistique théorique. Les analyses qui y sont menées s’appuient sur le corpus EXPLICADIS, corpus de français écrit constitué spécifiquement pour répondre à l’objectif visé. L’annotation de ce corpus en relations de discours causales nous a ainsi autorisée à procéder à l’analyse de ces relations selon une approche originale qui consiste à prendre pour point de départ la relation elle-même et non ses marqueurs. Cette approche nous a permis d’offrir une vision unificatrice de la causalité en caractérisant les relations de discours qui lui sont liées dans le cadre théorique de la SDRT. Elle nous a également permis de mener des études quantitatives et comparatives sur corpus. Notre travail dresse, en outre, un panorama des moyens d’expression de la causalité observés à l’écrit en français
The purpose of this thesis is to study the linguistic realizations of causal relations, according to a semantic and pragmatic approach of discourse structure. Even though causality is a central phenomenon in most theoretical frameworks on discourse, to date there is no consensus on the relations associated to it. Confronting the hypotheses put forward in the literature with our own observations on the basis of attested data, we offer to enrich a specific discourse theoretical model, i.e. SDRT (Segmented Discourse Representation Theory). Therefore, this study stands at the interface between corpus linguistics and theoretical linguistics. The analyses we carried out are based on the EXPLICADIS corpus, which is a written French corpus built specifically to meet the objective. Annotating this corpus with causal discourse relations allowed us to analyze these using an original approach which consists in starting from the relation itself rather than its markers. This approach provided us with the opportunity to offer a unified vision of causality by characterizing the different discourse causal relations in the framework of SDRT. It also provided us with the opportunity to conduct quantitative and comparative corpus studies. Our work also includes an overview of the different means of expression of causality that are documented in written French

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Barreto, Juliana Pereira Souto. "A redação de vestibular sob uma perspectiva multidimensional: uma abordagem da linguística de corpus." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2016. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/19126.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
The research reported here intends to analyze the production and the evaluation of the written text in the college entrance essays produced by undergraduate applicants. More specifically, this study verifies how the composition tests, written by the applicants during the admission process to the Rio Grande do Norte Federal University (UFRN), are related to the varying dimensions of Brazilian Portuguese, presented in Berber Sardinha, Kauffmann and Acunzo (2014). The research uses the theoretical framework of Corpus Linguistics and the methodological approach of Multidimensional Analysis. The study corpus is composed of one hundred essays written by applicants for admission to higher education undergraduate courses, tagged by Palavras parser and post-processed with a script, which calculates the score of each text into all of the six variation dimensions of Brazilian Portuguese. At first, it is checked how the applicants’ texts are related to the six Brazilian Portuguese varying dimensions. Then, it is observed the variation in relation to the grades award to these essays by examiners in order to determine whether and which correction criteria were met, based on the scores of the Brazilian Portuguese multidimensional analysis. Hence, the outcomes here are likely to provide important contributions to the field of textual production in Portuguese in Brazil, considering that it is vital to develop a more accurate understanding of the language in use applied to the teaching and learning of argumentative text production, written by applicants during their admission to undergraduate courses in Higher Education
A pesquisa aqui relatada tem por objetivo analisar a qualidade do texto escrito nas redações de vestibular produzidas por candidatos à graduação. Mais especificamente, esse estudo verifica o modo como as redações de candidatos ao Ensino Superior da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) elacionam-se às dimensões de variação do português brasileiro, apresentadas em Berber Sardinha, Kauffmann e Acunzo (2014a; 2014b; no prelo). Para isso, a pesquisa recorre ao arcabouço teórico da Linguística de Corpus e à abordagem metodológica da Análise Multidimensional (Biber, 1988). O corpus de estudo, composto por cem redações escritas por candidatos ao ingresso em cursos de graduação do Ensino Superior, foi analisado com o etiquetador Palavras e pós-processado com um script que calcula o escore de cada texto em cada uma das seis dimensões de variação do português brasileiro. Em um primeiro momento, é verificado o modo como as redações dos candidatos relacionam-se às seis dimensões de variação do português brasileiro. Em seguida, a variação é observada em relação às notas dadas às redações por examinadores, a fim de determinar se e quais os critérios de avalição, estipulados para a correção das redações de vestibular, foram atendidos, com base nos escores da análise multidimensional do português brasileiro. Por fim, acredita-se que os resultados aqui encontrados possam vir a proporcionar contribuições relevantes ao campo da produção textual em língua portuguesa no Brasil, uma vez que se faz necessário uma compreensão mais apurada da língua em uso aplicada ao ensino e ao aprendizado da produção de textos argumentativos por candidatos a ingresso em cursos de graduação do Ensino Superior

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Barron, Andrew T. "Exposing Deep-rooted Anger: A Metaphor Pattern Analysis of Mixed Anger Metaphors." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2011. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc84170/.

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This project seeks to serve two purposes: first, to investigate various semantic and grammatical aspects of mixed conceptual metaphors in reference to anger; and secondly, to explore the potential of a corpus-based, TARGET DOMAIN-oriented method termed metaphor pattern analysis to the study of mixed metaphor. This research shows that mixed metaphors do not pattern in a manner consistent with statements made within conceptual metaphor theory. These metaphors prove highly dynamic in their combinability and resist resonance between SOURCE DOMAINS used. Also shown is the viability of metaphor pattern analysis as a methodology to approach mixed metaphor research.

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Ramos, Filho Etelvo. "Artigos acadêmicos em língua inglesa: uma abordagem multidimensional." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2014. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/13705.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
This dissertation describes how a corpus of 900 research articles written in English by researchers of 10 fields of study and nine different origins is mapped onto the dimensions of variation proposed by Biber (1988). Its theoretical and methodological underpinnings are provided by Corpus Linguistics and Multidimensional Analysis. The former is an area in Applied Linguistics in which language is seen as a probabilistic system and for whose studies computational tools and corpora are used. The latter is a corpus based approach for the study of dimensions of variations, which uses statistical procedures to identify relationships between linguistic features and registers in large amounts of texts. The methodology included the compilation of a corpus (Corpus of English Research Articles CERA), which is composed of articles collected using the Internet, its processing and analyses based both on origin and field. The result of the analyses for both the origin and the field shows that the corpus is composed of articles whose features characterize them in the 5 dimensions of variation proposed by Biber (1988) as: 1) being informational, 2) being non-narrative, 3) having explicit reference, 4) having non-explicit persuasion, and 5) having abstract information
Fundamentada teórico e medotologicamente na Linguística de Corpus e na Análise Multidimensional, esta tese analisa um corpus de 900 artigos de pesquisa em língua inglesa, escritos por pesquisadores de dez áreas, provenientes de nove diferentes origens. Para tanto, a pesquisa se apoia em uma área da Linguística Aplicada que vê a língua como um sistema probabilístico e para cujos estudos são utilizados ferramentas computacionais e corpora. A Análise Multidimensional é uma abordagem baseada em corpus para o estudo de dimensões de variação que usa procedimentos estatísticos para identificar relações entre traços linguísticos e registros em grandes quantidades de textos. A metodologia incluiu a compilação de um corpus de estudo (Corpus of English Research Articles CERA), composto de artigos coletados por meio da internet, que envolveu processamento do texto e análises por origem e área de estudo. A partir do mapeamento nas cinco dimensões de variação de Biber (1988), o resultado das análises por origem e área mostra que o corpus é composto por artigos cujos traços os situam nos seguintes polos: 1) produção informacional, 2) preocupação não-narrativa, 3) referências explícitas, 4) persuasão não-explícita e 5) informação abstrata

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Bridle, Marcus. "Error correction through corpus consultation in EAP writing : an analysis of corpus use in a pre-sessional context." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2015. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/24848/.

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This study investigates the effect of corpus consultation on the accuracy of learner written error revisions. It examines the conditions which cause a learner to consult the corpus in correcting errors and whether these revisions are more effective than those made using other corrections methods. Claims have been made for the potential usefulness of corpora in encouraging a better understanding of language through inductive learning (Johns, 1991; Benson, 2001; Watson Todd, 2003). The opportunity for learners to interact with the authentic language used to compile corpora has also been cited as a possible benefit (Thurstun and Candlin, 1998). However, theoretical advantages of using corpus data have not always translated into actual benefits in real learning contexts. Learners frequently encounter difficulties in dealing with the volume of information available to them in concordances and can reject corpus use because it adds to their learning load (Yoon and Hirvela, 2004; Frankenberg Garcia, 2005; Lee and Swales, 2006). This has meant that practical employment of corpus data has sometimes been difficult to implement. In this experiment, learners on a six week pre-sessional English for Academic Purposes (EAP) course were shown how to use the BYU (Brigham Young University) website to access the BNC (British National Corpus) to address written errors. Through a draft/feedback/revision process using meta-linguistic error coding, the frequency, context and effectiveness of the corpus being used as a reference tool was measured. Use of the corpus was found to be limited to a small range of error types which largely involved queries of a pragmatic nature. In these contexts, the corpus was found to be a potentially more effective correction tool than dictionary reference or recourse to previous knowledge and it may have a beneficial effect in encouraging top-down processing skills. However, its frequency of use over the course was low and accounted for only a small proportion of accurate error revisions as a whole. Learner response to the corpus corroborated the negative perception already noted in previous studies. These findings prompt recommendations for further investigation into effective mediation of corpus data within the classroom and continued technological developments in order to make corpus data more accessible to non-specialists.

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Billings, Stephanie Kay. "A Corpus-Based Analysis of Russian Word Order Patterns." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2015. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5624.

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Some scholars say that Russian syntax has free word order. However, other researchers claim that the basic word order of Russian is Subject, Verb, Object (SVO). Some researchers also assert that the use of different word orders may be influenced by various factors, including positions of discourse topic and focus, and register (spoken, fiction, academic, non-academic). In addition, corpora have been shown to be useful tools in gathering empirical linguistic data, and modern advances in computing have made corpora freely available and their use widespread. The Russian National Corpus is a large corpus of Russian that is widely used and well suited to syntactic research. This thesis aims to answer three research questions: 1) If all six word orders in Russian are possible, what frequencies of each order will I find in a data sample from the Russian National Corpus? 2) Do the positions of discourse topic and focus influence word order variations? 3) Does register (spoken, fiction, academic, non-academic) influence word order variations? A sample of 500 transitive sentences was gathered from the Russian National Corpus and each one was analyzed for its word order, discourse pattern, and register. Results found that a majority of the sentences were SVO. Additionally, a majority of the sample contained the topic before the focus, and most of the sample were from the non-academic register. A chi-square analysis for each research question showed statistically significant results. This indicates that the results were not a product of chance, and that discourse patterns and register influence word order variations. These findings provide evidence that there is a predominant word order in Russian.

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Knight, Dawn. "A multi-modal corpus approach to the analysis of backchanneling behaviour." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2009. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/10786/.

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Current methodologies in corpus linguistics have revolutionised the way we look at language. They allow us to make objective observations about written and spoken language in use. However, most corpora are limited in scope because they are unable to capture language and communication beyond the word. This is problematic given that interaction is in fact multi-modal, as meaning is constructed through the interplay of text, gesture and prosody; a combination of verbal and non-verbal characteristics. This thesis outlines, then utilises, a multi-modal approach to corpus linguistics, and examines how such can be used to facilitate our explorations of backchanneling phenomena in conversation, such as gestural and verbal signals of active listenership. Backchannels have been seen as being highly conventionalised, they differ considerably in form, function, interlocutor and location (in context and co-text). Therefore their relevance at any given time in a given conversation is highly conditional. The thesis provides an in-depth investigation of the use of, and the relationship between, spoken and non-verbal forms of this behaviour, focusing on a particular sub-set of gestural forms: head nods. This investigation is undertaken by analysing the patterned use of specific forms and functions of backchannels within and across sentence boundaries, as evidenced in a five-hour sub-corpus of dyadic multi-modal conversational episodes, taken from the Nottingham Multi-Modal Corpus (NMMC). The results from this investigation reveal 22 key findings regarding the collaborative and cooperative nature of backchannels, which function to both support and extend what is already known about such behaviours. Using these findings, the thesis presents an adapted pragmatic-functional linguistic coding matrix for the classification and examination of backchanneling phenomena. This fuses the different, dynamic properties of spoken and non-verbal forms of this behaviour into a single, integrated conceptual model, in order to provide the foundations, a theoretical point-of-entry, for future research of this nature.

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Hutter, Jo-Anne. "A Corpus Based Analysis of Noun Modification in Empirical Research Articles in Applied Linguistics." PDXScholar, 2015. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2211.

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Previous research has established the importance of the nouns and noun modification in academic writing because of their commonness and complexity. However, little is known about how noun modification varies across the rhetorical sections of research articles. Such a perspective is important because it reflects the interplay between communicative function and linguistic form. This study used a corpus of empirical research articles from the fields of applied linguistics and language teaching to explore the connection between article sections (Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion; IMRD) and six types of noun modification: relative clauses, ing-clause postmodifiers, ed-clause postmodifiers, prepositional postmodifiers, premodifying nouns, and attributive adjectives. First the frequency of these six types of noun modification was compared across IMRD sections. Second, the study also used a hand coded analysis of the structure and structural patterns of a sample of noun phrases through IMRD sections. The results of the analyses showed that noun modification is not uniform across IMRD sections. Significant differences were found in the rates of use for attributive adjectives, premodifying nouns, and prepositional phrase postmodifiers. There were no significant differences between sections for relative clauses, ing-clause postmodifiers, or ed-clause postmodifiers. The differences between sections for attributive adjectives, premodifying nouns, and prepositional phrases illustrate the way the functions of these structures intersects with the functions of IMRD sections. For example, Methods sections describe research methods, which often have premodifying nouns (corpus analysis, conversation analysis, speech sample, etc.); this function of Methods sections results in a higher use of premodifying nouns compared to other sections. Results for structures of noun phrase across IMRD sections showed that the common noun modification patterns, such as premodifying noun only or attributive adjective with prepositional phrase postmodifier, were mostly consistent across sections. Noun phrase structures including pre-/post- or no modification did have differences across sections, with Introduction sections the most frequently modified and Methods sections the least frequently modified. The different functions of IMRD sections call for different rates of usage for noun modification, and the results reflected this. The results of this research benefit teachers of graduate students of applied linguistics in students' research reading and writing by describing the use of noun modification in the sections of empirical research articles and aiding teachers in the design of materials to clarify the use of noun modification in these IMRD sections.

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van, der Woude Ida Nynke. "„Familie“ als Diskursobjekt : Veränderungen im Spiegel des Sprachgebrauchs der Presse seit den 1960er Jahren in Deutschland und Schweden." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för kultur och kommunikation, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-70118.

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Abstract:

The concept of "family" has undergone major changes over the past 50 years. This thesis examines changes in attitudes and values that can be detected in German and Swedish during this time. In order to investigate these changes in the concept of "family" I have analyzed how the German focus word Familie and the Swedish focus word familj are used in newspaper articles from the 1960s, 1980s and early 2000s. The empirical data consists of German and Swedish newspaper corpora from the three different periods. The theoretical point of departure is a social constructionist perspective, where family is considered to be something constructed and negotiated in language use. The method is corpus linguistic discourse analysis: compound words, collocations and multi-word patterns that include the focus words are analyzed using large text corpora. The study is both about changes in HOW the words familj and Familie are used and WHAT is said about the family in public language use. The thesis shows changes in both Swedish and German language use. I conclude that two different sub-concepts are being constructed and negotiated: the family as a GROUP OF PERSONS and family as a WAY OF LIVING TOGETHER. As regards the family as a group of persons this sub-concept has undergone major changes during the period studied. Differences in Swedish and German language use indicate more and sometimes earlier changes in the Swedish concept of family. The sub-concept of family as a way of living together is more constant. The observed changes can also be seen against a background of Swedish and German conceptual norms of family that do not change to the same extent. New family structures such as nätverksfamiljer (reconstituted families) and regnbågsfamiljer (rainbow families) are partly constructed as deviations from these conceptual norms. The thesis also shows that the sub-concept of family as a group of persons has become even more complex, especially in Swedish language use and particularly in so-called bio boxes, where pets are mentioned as family members and couples without children label themselves as familj.
Begreppet ”familj” har genomgått stora förändringar de senaste 50 åren. I den här avhandlingen studeras vilka förändringar i synsätt och värderingar som kan upptäckas i det tyska och det svenska språkbruket under denna tid. För att undersöka dessa förändringar i begreppet ”familj” analyseras hur det tyska fokusordet Familie och det svenska fokusordet familj används i tidningstext från 1960-talet, 1980-talet och början av 2000-talet. Det empiriska materialet består av tyska och svenska tidningskorpusar från de tre olika perioderna. Den teoretiska utgångspunkten är ett socialkonstruktivistiskt perspektiv, där familj betraktas som någonting som konstrueras och förhandlas i språkanvändning. Metoden är korpuslingvistisk diskursanalys: med hjälp av stora textkorpusar analyseras sammansatta ord, kollokationer och flerordsmönster där fokusorden ingår. Det handlar här både om förändringar i HUR orden familj och Familie används och i VAD som sägs om familj i offentligt språkbruk. Avhandlingen visar på förändringar i både den svenska och den tyska språkanvändningen. Jag kommer fram till att två olika delbegrepp konstrueras och förhandlas: familj som PERSONGRUPP och familj som SAMLEVNADSFORM. När det gäller familj som persongrupp genomgår det delbegreppet stora förändringar under den studerade tidsperioden. Förändringarna visar sig vara större och ibland tidigare i det svenska materialet än i det tyska materialet. Delbegreppet familj som samlevnadsform är mer konstant. De förändringar som kan observeras sker också mot en bakgrund av svenska och tyska normbilder av familj, som inte förändras i samma grad. Nya familjebildningar som nätverksfamiljer och regnbågsfamiljer konstrueras delvis som avvikelser från dessa normbilder. Avhandlingen visar också att delbegreppet familj som persongrupp blir allt mer mångfacetterat, särskilt i svenskt språkbruk och i synnerhet i s.k. faktarutor, där även husdjur nämns som familjemedlemmar och par utan barn får etiketten familj.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Corpus linguistic analysis'

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