Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Correction de la déficience auditive'
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Guiraud, Jeanne. "Effets de la surdité totale et de la réhabilitation auditive par l'implant cochléaire sur l'organisation fonctionnelle du système auditif." Lyon 2, 2006. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2007/guiraud_j.
Full textFirstly, the effects of total deafness on the functional organization of the auditory system are shown: Deafness leads to a reorganization of the cortical tonotopic maps and leaves an impact on the speed of neural transmission. Therefore, the auditory rehabilitation may require some plastic changes to reverse the functional reorganization generated by deafness and get adapted to the non-reversible effects of total deafness. Then, how the differences existing between a "normal" acoustical stimulation and an electrical stimulation can influence the plasticity due to auditory rehabilitation are investigated. It is shown that the cortical tonotopic organization could be affected by a too diffuse peripheral stimulation. Another study shows that the neural activation in the brainstem generated by low pitches is conducted more quickly than for high pitches, while the reverse is observed for normal hearing subjects. This could possibly require an adaptation of the speed with which the frequency information is transmitted along the auditory pathway in implant users. Therefore, the auditory system may have to get adapted to the use of a cochlear implant during auditory rehabilitation. Lastly, the plasticity of auditory rehabilitation is studied. It is shown that the cortical tonotopic maps and the conduction speed of the frequency information can become similar to the ones of normal hearing subjects within one month of implant use. Hence, the effects of total deafness can be quickly reversed despite the differences that exist between electrical and acoustical stimulations
Junker, Rémi. "Déficience auditive et intégration socio-économique : Etude de cas." Paris 5, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA05H077.
Full textThis questionning of varied facts and opinions dealing with deaf young adults at work or seeking a position mainly relies on a monograph-survey including information collected from 4 different samples (i. E. 325 former students who left a special vocational school between 1967 and 1983, 137 firm managers, supervisory staff members and colleagues of these hearing impaired workers, 48 institutional actors -such as executives belonging to state commissions for disabled people or employment agencies, factory inspectors, labor unionists. . . -and 20 deaf or hearing officers of specific associations for sport, culture or education etc. ). The author raises a systematic apprehension of professional stories which particularly underlines the ways of entering and quitting a job, adapting to technical and relational working conditions and attempting to reach a promotion. These items are investigated from a multi-sided viewpoint. Extra statistical and legal data are concurrently provided whilst a large account of various previous research leads to diagnose a rather complex situation made of social representations added to obvious material contingencies. Emphasis is laid on a major need for achievement of further scientific consideration of the topic that may be run along several suggested approaches
D'Hondt, Murielle. "Spécialisation hémisphérique pour le langage chez la personne à déficience auditive: effet de l'expérience linguistique précoce." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211517.
Full textMattar, Mirna. "Lecture chez l'enfant libanais avec déficience auditive: compréhension, traitement du mot et rôle de la lecture labiale." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/318788.
Full textDoctorat en Sciences psychologiques et de l'éducation
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Martineau, Guylaine. "Impact des services de réadaptation en bas âge sur la réussite scolaire des enfants ayant une déficience auditive." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq26078.pdf.
Full textKalkounos, Ioannis. "Étude de la déficience en fer, chez le concombre, et de sa correction en culture hors sol." Toulouse, INPT, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987INPT019A.
Full textDeltenre, Paul. "Etude neurophysiologique de la déficience auditive chez l'Homme: vers une optimalisation de l'usage des potentiels de courte latence évoqués par des clics." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212300.
Full textVos, Bénédicte. "Le dépistage néonatal de la surdité :analyse, évaluation et mise en perspective internationale d’un programme de santé." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/227501.
Full textDoctorat en Santé Publique
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Lazzarotto, Sébastien. "Qualité de vie des sujets âgés déficients auditifs : rôle, place et importance des déterminants de qualité de vie." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0120/document.
Full textThe aging population in developed countries gives rise to considerable challenges in the health field, including hearing loss has a very important place. In France, about 5.5 million people are hearing impaired. Work has been conducted on the impact of hearing loss on the daily life of individuals with hearing loss related to age: communication difficulties, progressive isolation, restriction of social activities of daily living, mood changes, cognitive disorders ... The disability itself and all the consequences listed above will obviously have an impact on the quality of life of individuals and also those around them. The pair (or dyad), formed by the impaired person and his primary caregiver, itself defined as the person it considers most involved in his daily life, will thus be faced with the progressive installation of disability. This will gradually alter the relationship between the two members forming the couple and the social relations of the couple in general, be they family, professional or social at large. Each member of the couple will mobilize coping strategies of its own. In order to explore the various adjustment mechanisms within the dyad and understand the potential links between the nature of adjustment strategies on their quality of life, we performed sequentially at the following stages: 1. List tools for measuring quality of life of individuals with hearing loss related to age; 2. Identify the major determinants of the quality of life of these individuals and that of their close; 3. Examine the specific links between adjustment strategies used by each member of the dyad on its own quality of life and that of his close
Galle, Patrice. "Le partenariat entre les acteurs de scolarisation de collégiens sourds et malentendants." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20098.
Full textThis thesis deals with the schooling of the deaf or hearing-impaired children. It looks into the specific conditions for an effective partnership between the child, his or her family, the school and the special school, in order to facilitate the schooling goals. The aim is to identify the pros and cons of a partnership agreement, to highlight the mandatory criterion for it to work and to provide appropriate support for the implementation of the schooling project of special needs children. Through a series of guided and semi-guided interviews, we inquire into the actors (children, families, professionals) who experience such schooling projects in the Pays de Loire Region. We look at how the different stakeholders define the aim of the partnership, their role in it, the resources they bring in, the relationship they develop with others and the actions that follow the partnership measures.The success of the partnership between these various actors is based on a balancing principle which considers that the strengths of a partner can fill in the gaps of another one.The idea of inclusive schooling comes up against the isolationist positions of the institutional actors. The partnership contributes to develop more inclusive practices because this collaborative mode allows to build bridges between the actors, which is the cornerstone for the achievement of special needs children’s schooling projects
Lebat, Cindy. "Les personnes en situation de handicap sensoriel dans les musées : réalités d’accueil, expériences de visite et trajectoires identitaires." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCA060.
Full textThis PhD dissertation focuses on the ways and means of the museum experience for visitors with visual or hearing deficiencies. For that matter, the aim is to grasp both the cultural mediation systems, the welcoming apparatus proposed by museums but also the experience lived by the visitors. This allows to touch upon the discourses then carried out regarding accessibility and difference. A field work was carried out in the museums of the region Île-de-France and through interviews with people with disabilities. The main objective was to bring out the way in which museums, through the devices they propose and by the discourses they carry and relay on accessibility, organize and reveal at the same time the social treatment of disability. Museums can be considered frameworks for analysis and for understanding identity trajectories, since the social processes giving a place and an identity to people are strongly perceptible in this institution. Moreover, the sensitive connection to environment and, in this case to the exhibits, is also conditioned by the museum. It therefore contributes to establish a self-image for the visitor, and thus to structure the visitor's journey. In addition, by also highlighting the ability of individuals to seize these elements to develop their identity trajectories, this work highlights the responsibility of the museum as an institution, which participates in the construction of social and personal identities
Petroiu, Nicoletta. "Implantation des nouvelles méthodes et techniques dans l'apprentissage des élèves sourds et malentendants." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2051/document.
Full textThis research proposes to study and present materials that can improve the learning process for people who are hard of hearing and deaf by leveraging the use of new tools such as touch tablets. The question is whether the introduction of these new tools could allow the creation of software tools that more adapted to the cognitive specificities of deaf children.In the current context, our hypothesis is that new computer-base technologies and digital tools (such as touch tablets) would positively influence the learning process for students who are deaf and hard of hearing.As a result, we have created the educational software Digisthésia that has been designed and adapted to the needs of students who are deaf and hard of hearing. The aim of this tool was to develop and improve 4 important cognitive parameters such as attention, memory, processing speed and problem solving.Our protocol mobilized 80 students from grade schools from and near Lyon: 40 students suffering from different degrees of hearing impairment, with an without cochlear implants (20 subjects used the tablet/20 subjects were part of the control group). As well as 40 students with no hearing impairments (20 subjects who used the educational software Digisthésia and the tablet /20 subjects who were part of the control group).The results indicate that leveraging the new technologies has enhanced the cognitive potential of deaf and hard of hearing students. We have seen progress in the learning of deaf and hard of hearing participants as a result of the use of tablets and our software
Southall, Kenneth E. "La stigmatisation reliée à la déficience auditive." Thèse, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/5182.
Full textIndividuals are stigmatized when they possess, or are thought to possess, an attribute or characteristic that conveys a social identity that is devalued in a particular social context. There are several stereotypes, or commonly held (often erroneous) beliefs about people who have hearing loss. The general public often associate people with hearing loss to undesirable behaviours, ageing, and reduced intellect. Stereotypes such as these negatively impact upon activities of daily living engaged in by people with hearing loss. In spite of the obvious and important impacts that stigma has on social participation and inclination to use rehabilitative strategies, there has been a relative dearth of research on the stigma associated with hearing loss. In recent years, researchers in the social sciences have made great strides to conceptualize “stigma” from the perspective of people who are the target of prejudicial attitudes. Most of these concepts are applicable to the social stigma associated with hearing loss. The first study presented in this dissertation attempts to position hearing loss stigma within a model of stigma-induced identity threat. Overall, the goals of this paper are to a) offer a brief summary of hearing loss stigma; b) present a specific stigma identity threat model and incorporate ideas about hearing loss stigma into this general conceptualization of stigma; and c) reflect on the appropriateness of this model for the domain of rehabilitative audiology. The intent of the second study was to better understand how stigma impacted upon the help-seeking activities of adults with an acquired hearing loss. Ten people who had hearing loss, and were members of peer-support groups participated in audio-recorded semi-structured interviews. Thematic analyses of verbatim transcripts revealed that respondents experienced a heightened propensity to seek help following Critical Junctures, when negative stress and positive energy were out of balance: 1) a time when negative stress far outweighed positive energy (i.e., Critical Juncture One); and 2) a time when positive energy far outweighed negative stress (i.e., Critical juncture Two). A series of graphic representations are proposed that depict how positive and negative influences found in the respondent’s social and physical environment influenced help seeking. The purpose of the third study was to identify the factors that lead individuals to conceal or disclose their hearing loss in the workplace. We conducted semi-structured interviews using a photo-elicitation technique to aid in probing issues related to disclosure of hearing loss. Emergent themes included: Perceived importance of the situation, Perceived sense of control, Community affiliation, Burden of Communication and Coexisting issues related to hearing loss. This study serves to document some of the ways that workers with hearing loss manage their workplace identity, and more specifically, how some people manage revealing their hearing loss in workplace settings. The findings also inform the development of pertinent intervention programs for workers with hearing loss.
Dupont, Audrey. "Perceptions d’élèves québécois présentant une déficience auditive de l’utilisation du langage parlé complété en contexte d’intégration scolaire." Thèse, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/3602.
Full textSince the adoption of the policy on special education in 1999, the Ministère de l’Éducation, du Loisir et du Sport created an action plan to allow the integration of the students with special needs. The integration of pupils with handicaps had been the subject of several studies, however, little of them were interested in integration of hearing impairment students using Cued Speech at school. The objective of this study is to throw a light onto perceptions of pupils presenting hearing impairment regarding the use of Cued Speech in a context of school integration. The concepts exploited in this memory are related to students with hearing impairment, deafness, modes of communication used with these pupils, and more particularly the Cued Speech, just as the context of Québec school integration. This research is of the exploratory kind, and the method used is qualitative. Five students with hearing impairment and between 12 and 17 years old took part in semi-directed interview. The results of these research sessions show that these pupils have positive and negative perceptions vis-a-vis the use of Cued Speech in an integration context. Though, in a general way, it does not seem to hinder their school integration, negative perceptions more refer to social integration than school integration.
Southall, Kenneth. "Factors that influence the use of hearing assistance technology by older adults who have a hearing loss." Thèse, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/17843.
Full textLaplante-Lévesque, Ariane. "Providing internet-based audiological counselling to new hearing aid users." Thèse, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/17690.
Full textBechara, Joelle. "Évaluation de la production morphosyntaxique chez un enfant québécois francophone porteur d'implant cochléaire." Thèse, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/13457.
Full textNoël, Marie-Josée. "Modélisation des conséquences pédagogiques induites par des incapacités intellectuelles et auditives chez l'élève." Thèse, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/8118.
Full textLévesque, Justine. "L'apprentissage moteur auprès de populations avec déficits sensoriel et moteur." Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/24668.
Full textLearning new motor skills is essential to the human experience and to the performance of everyday activities. Motor learning can be defined as a set of processes associated with practice or experience leading to the ability to skillfully perform a new motor skill. At the root of these learning mechanisms, precise motor control and adequate sensorimotor integration are critical. Additionally, the ability to identify a sequence in serial events and accurately reproduce the series of detected movements is also important with regards to learning motor sequences that are present in many human behaviors. If any of these fundamental processes are compromised by any pathology, one can expect to observe difficulties in learning different motor skills. The studies that compose the present thesis had as a main objective to characterize the motor learning abilities in two clinical populations presenting a sensory or motor abnormality with the serial reaction time task (SRTT). In article 1, the consequences of hearing impairment on motor learning were investigated. Few studies have examined motor capacities in the profoundly deaf and these studies have suggested the presence of deficits in manual dexterity and delays in movement production. Before the publication of this article, the ability to learn complex sequential motor patterns had not been explored in a deaf adult population. Non-specific and sequence-specific learning on the SRTT were analyzed in relation to individual features related to the hearing loss. The results revealed significant differences between groups in sequence-specific learning, with deaf subjects being less efficient than controls in acquiring sequence-specific knowledge. We interpreted the results in light of cross-modal plasticity and the auditory scaffolding hypothesis. In article 2, motor learning, intermanual transfer of a newly acquired motor skill and activity-dependent modulation of electrophysiological motor overflow (physiological mirror movements; pMM) were assessed in a large, four-generational family with a Deleted in Colorectal Cancer (DCC) gene mutation and congenital mirror movements (CMM). CMM are involuntary muscle contractions in the opposite side of the body occurring during voluntary unilateral movement. They have been associated with a frameshift mutation in the DCC gene, resulting in abnormal corticospinal tracts and reduced interhemispheric inhibition (IHI). Compared with family members without CMM and unrelated healthy controls, pMM were significantly increased in CMM individuals following execution of the SRTT. Motor learning and intermanual transfer did not differ between groups. However, when participants with the DCC mutation, with or without CMM, were compared with participants without the DCC mutation, non-specific learning of a motor sequence was significantly reduced in individuals with the DCC mutation. These data suggest that increased physiological mirroring in CMM patients is associated with reduced IHI. Furthermore, impairments in non-specific motor learning in DCC mutation carriers may be related to the reported alterations in cerebellar activity and connectivity. In summary, the studies comprised in the present thesis significantly increase our knowledge of motor learning abilities in the contexts of sensory or motor deficits.
Duchesne, Louise. "Développement des habiletés linguistiques chez les enfants porteurs d'un implant cochléaire." Thèse, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/3041.
Full textThis dissertation examines language development in children who received a cochlear implant (CI) at a young age. A systematic review studied the main outcomes reported in the literature concerning vocabulary and grammar development of profoundly deaf children who received a CI before the age of 3 years. A total of 28 studies met inclusion criteria. Studies varied widely in participant characteristics, assessment tools, study designs, and overall methodological quality. A descriptive synthesis and a meta-analysis were completed separately for each language domain (receptive and expressive vocabulary and grammar). Results showed a positive impact of cochlear implantation on language development, but only a minority of children achieved language levels on par with their hearing age-mates. The majority of the children involved in the primary studies continued to exhibit varying levels of delay in receptive and expressive vocabulary and grammar after up to 5 years of cochlear implant use. Results showed that the minority of children who achieved language levels on par with hearing children were likely to have received their implant by the age of two, thus suggesting that age at implantation influences language achievement. A second study examined receptive and expressive vocabulary and grammar achievement of 27 French-speaking children who received a CI between the age of 8 and 28 months. Standardized measures were administered and the language levels attained by children with CIs were compared with those of the normative sample of same-age hearing peers for each measure. As a group, children exhibited language levels within normal limits on all standardized language measures. Examination of individual patterns in a subgroup of children revealed 4 different language profiles: a) normal language levels in all domains, b) general language delay, c) vocabulary within the norm with morphosyntactic delay, and d) an atypical profile (discrepancies across language domains). In three of these profiles, comprehension of sentences was impaired. Findings suggest that receiving a cochlear implant between the age of 1 and 2 years does not ensure that language abilities will be within normal limits after up to 6 years of experience with the implant. An earlier stage of formal language was examined in the third study. Vocabulary size and grammatical composition in 11 children who received their CI at a mean age of 15 months were compared to that of the Quebec French normative sample for the Words and Sentences questionnaire of the MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventories (MBCDI). Results showed that age equivalent scores according to total vocabulary size were superior to hearing age (equivalent to the duration of device use) but inferior to chronological age. Distribution of grammatical categories according to vocabulary size followed the same pattern as in the normative sample. These results suggest that the lexical profile of children with implants was very similar to that of normally-hearing children who had the same number of words. Taken together, results of this dissertation suggest that the cochlear implant can have a “normalizing” effect on language. However, they also suggest that improved access to auditory input does not seem sufficient to allow children to attain language levels within normal limits in all components. Whereas early lexical abilities were comparable to typical development, receptive morphosyntactic abilities remain severely impaired in a majority of children.