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Journal articles on the topic 'Correlation and ldpc'
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Fang, Yong, and Jechang Jeong. "Correlation parameter estimation for LDPC-based slepian-wolf coding." IEEE Communications Letters 13, no. 1 (January 2009): 37–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2009.081247.
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Oh, Ryanggeun, Hiuk Jae Shim, and Byeungwoo Jeon. "Fast LDPC Decoding using Bit Plane Correlation in Wyner-Ziv Video Coding." Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers 51, no. 4 (April 25, 2014): 160–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5573/ieie.2014.51.4.160.
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Garcia-Frias, J., and Wei Zhong. "LDPC codes for compression of multi-terminal sources with hidden Markov correlation." IEEE Communications Letters 7, no. 3 (March 2003): 115–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2003.810001.
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Hu, Li Shuang, Ming Shan Liu, Yuan Zhou, and Yang Sun. "Hybrid Decoding Algorithm for LDPC Codes with Circles." Advanced Materials Research 271-273 (July 2011): 258–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.271-273.258.
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At present, Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes widely used in many fields of communications have the best performance of all the Error Correcting Codes (ECC). This paper mainly studies the decoding algorithms of LDPC. It proposes an improved algorithm which is named Check-Variable nodes Hybrid(CVH) algorithm on the basis of the existing algorithms. The CVH algorithm can reduce the computational complexity during the check-node update while overcome with the correlation between the variable-node news in a code with circles. As well as, comparing with the original algorithms the performance of the new one saves 0.1 and 0.3 dB than Log-likelihood Ratios (LLR) Belief Propagation (BP) and BP - based algorithms under Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channel when the Bit Error Rate (BER) falls to through the simulation. This point shows that this algorithm can increase the decoding performance and reduce the error rate effectively.
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Xiaowei Jin, A. W. Eckford, and T. E. Fuja. "Ldpc codes for non-coherent block fading channels with correlation: analysis and design." IEEE Transactions on Communications 56, no. 1 (January 2008): 70–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2008.050087.
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Bacci, Giacomo, Marco Della Maggiora, and Marco Luise. "Iterative Channel Estimation for Nonbinary LDPC-Coded OFDM Signals." ISRN Signal Processing 2011 (April 14, 2011): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2011/254597.
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This work deals with the issue of channel estimation in the context of non-binary LDPC-coded OFDM systems over doubly selective multipath channels. In particular, we show how to derive an iterative Wiener-filter-based estimation method using both time and frequency channel correlation and considering the particular characteristics of the channel code. The proposed algorithm can use either soft information or hard decisions fed back by the decoder to refine the channel estimation, so as to improve the system performance at the expense of an increased receiver complexity. Simulation results under typical working conditions are presented to compare the performance of the proposed method with respect to classical techniques.
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Yuan, Ye, Liji Wu, Yijun Yang, and Xiangmin Zhang. "A Novel Multiple-Bits Collision Attack Based on Double Detection with Error-Tolerant Mechanism." Security and Communication Networks 2018 (June 5, 2018): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2483619.
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Side-channel collision attacks are more powerful than traditional side-channel attack without knowing the leakage model or establishing the model. Most attack strategies proposed previously need quantities of power traces with high computational complexity and are sensitive to mistakes, which restricts the attack efficiency seriously. In this paper, we propose a multiple-bits side-channel collision attack based on double distance voting detection (DDVD) and also an improved version, involving the error-tolerant mechanism, which can find all 120 relations among 16 key bytes when applied to AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) algorithm. In addition, we compare our collision detection method called DDVD with the Euclidean distance and the correlation-enhanced collision method under different intensity of noise, which indicates that our detection technique performs better in the circumstances of noise. Furthermore, 4-bit model of our collision detection method is proven to be optimal in theory and in practice. Meanwhile the corresponding practical attack experiments are also performed on a hardware implementation of AES-128 on FPGA board successfully. Results show that our strategy needs less computation time but more traces than LDPC method and the online time for our strategy is about 90% less than CECA and 96% less than BCA with 90% success rate.
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Thi Hue, Nguyen, and Nguyen Hoang Tung. "Study about Doping Ion La3+ onto Surface of Pyrolusite Ore for Removing Simultaneously Both Fluoride and Phosphate from Wastewater." Journal of Chemistry 2017 (2017): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/4893835.
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Lanthanum has been doped onto the surface of the natural Pyrolusite for simultaneous removal of phosphate and fluoride in aqueous solution. The adsorbent characterization of the materials was observed by the SEM, BET, and XRD techniques. The dynamics and isotherms models of fluoride and phosphate adsorption, with respect to pH, pHPZC, adsorbent dose, and effect of coexisting ions, were studied. The results showed that lanthanum doped Pyrolusite ore (LDPO) relatively highly adsorbed amount of phosphate and fluoride from aqueous solution. Phosphate and fluoride removal efficiencies of LDPO are approximately 97% and 95%, respectively. Pseudo-first order for kinetic studies of phosphate and fluoride removal of the LDPO was observed with high correlations for fluoride but weak correlations for phosphate. However, pseudo-second order for kinetic studies was high correlation for both phosphate and fluoride. The phosphate and fluoride adsorption capacities of the LDPO significantly decreased with the existence of coions (sulfate, chloride, and nitrate) in the aqueous solution.
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Ignatavičius, Gytautas, Alius Ulevičius, Vaidotas Valskys, Lina Galinskaitė, Peter E. Busher, and Giedrius Trakimas. "Lunar Phases and Wildlife–Vehicle Collisions: Application of the Lunar Disk Percentage Method." Animals 11, no. 3 (March 22, 2021): 908. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11030908.
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We investigated the relationship between lunar illumination based on the percentage of the visible lunar disk (LDP) and the frequency of wildlife–vehicle collisions (WVCs) in Lithuania. We analyzed WVC frequency during ten 10% LDP intervals to more precisely reflect the relationship between LDP and WVC. The 10% LDP interval approach showed a significant trend of increasing WVC frequencies with an increasing LDP at night. We also examined the correlation between the daily numbers of WVCs and LDP for different months and seasons. The relationship seemed to be stronger at night and during the late autumn–winter months, particularly in December, suggesting the importance of lunar illumination on WVCs. There was a weak positive correlation between LDP and overall daily number of WVCs (rs = 0.091; p < 0.001) and between LDP and night WVCs (rs = 0.104; p < 0.001). We found significant positive correlations for winter (December–February) (rs = 0.118; p = 0.012) and autumn (August–November) (rs = 0.127; p = 0.007). Our study suggests that the LDP interval approach may provide more possibilities for the evaluation and quantification of WVCs and lunar light relationships than the traditional lunar phase approach.
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Osegbe, Ifeyinwa, Martin Ugonabo, Chinwe Chukwuka, Ijeoma Meka, and Nnamdi Nwosu. "Comparison of calculated versus directly-measured low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol: An evaluation of ten formulas for an HIV-positive population in Sub-Saharan Africa." Journal of Laboratory Physicians 9, no. 02 (April 2017): 111–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0974-2727.199632.
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Abstract BACKGROUND: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) is a modifiable risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, therefore needs to be assessed and monitored. Direct homogeneous assays and various formulas exist to determine LDLC. We aimed to compare the directly measured LDL (dLDLC) with ten formulas for estimating LDLC. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a 2-year retrospective study of fasting lipid profile results obtained from HIV-positive patients attending an outpatient clinic at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria, using homogeneous direct assays. Estimated LDLC was determined using ten formulas. Pearson’s correlation, Bland–Altman plots, and linear regression were performed. Statistical significance was P < 0.05. RESULTS: Three thousand four hundred and eighty-two lipid results with mean ± standard deviation (SD) dLDLC of 2.1 ± 1.1 mmol/L were included in this study. There was a strong, positive correlation between Friedewald’s LDLC and dLDLC n = 3412, r = 0.84, P < 0.001, but linear regression demonstrated a proportional bias P = 0.005. Ahmadi’s equation showed the worst correlation n = 3482, r = 0.35, P < 0.001, but when applied to samples with triglyceride (TG) <1.13 mmol/L (100 mg/dl), the correlation showed a strong, positive relationship n = 1395, r = 0.80, P < 0.001, and no proportional bias P = 0.86. Teerankanchana’s equation was the only formula that showed no difference between its LDLC and dLDLC (n = 3482, P = 0.056). It also demonstrated strong, positive correlation (n = 3482, r = 0.84, P < 0.001) and had a mean difference ± SD of −0.68 ± 0.63. CONCLUSION: Teerankanchana’s formula showed good correlation and minimal bias with dLDLC at all TG levels. Moreover, linear regression showed no difference in the two. It seems to be the most suitable formula for estimating LDLC in our HIV-positive population.
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Chowdhury, N., M. Saiedullah, MAH Khan, and MR Rahman. "Comparison of modified Friedewalds formula with direct measurement of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in Bangladeshi population." Bangladesh Medical Research Council Bulletin 39, no. 3 (September 4, 2014): 120–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bmrcb.v39i3.20312.
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A modification of Friedewalds formula to estimate serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) up to serum triglyceride (TG) level of 11.3 mmol/L in Bangladeshi population has recently been published. The aim of this study was to compare the modified formula with direct measurement of LDLC in Bangladeshi population in a different setting. One thousand and fifty two specimens from adult subjects were analyzed. Serum total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), LDLC and TG were measured by standard methods. The modified Friedewalds formula was applied to estimate LDL cholesterol concentration. Results were expressed as mean ± SD and calculated LDLC was compared with measured LDLC by two-tailed paired t test, Bland-Altman plot for absolute bias, Pearsons correlation coefficients of calculated LDLC with measured LDLC and Passing & Bablok regression equation of calculated LDLC against measured LDLC. The mean ± SD of measured LDLC was 2.98±0.82 mmol/L. LDLC calculated by modified Friedewalds formula was 2.77±0.86 mmol/L. The mean absolute bias was 0.20±0.32 mmol/L, Pearsons correlation coefficient (r) was 0.9293 (P<0.0001) and Passing & Bablok regression equation was y= 0.3856+1.0597x for modified formula up to serum TG?11.3 mmol/L. Compared to original Friedewalds formula, performance of the modified Friedewalds formula was better up to serum TG?4.52 mmol/L. The study reveals that the modified Friedewalds formula may be used to calculate LDLC approximately in Bangladeshi population. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bmrcb.v39i3.20312 Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2013; 39: 120-123
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Dong, Fuyu, Yu Yu, Jun Zhang, Xiaohu Yang, and Pengjie Zhang. "Measuring the integrated Sachs–Wolfe effect from the low-density regions of the universe." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 500, no. 3 (October 17, 2020): 3838–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa3194.
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ABSTRACT The integrated Sachs–Wolfe (ISW) effect is caused by the decay of cosmological gravitational potential and is therefore a unique probe of dark energy. However, its robust detection is still problematic. Various tensions between different data sets, different large-scale structure (LSS) tracers, and between data and the ΛCDM theory prediction exist. We propose a novel method of ISW measurement by cross-correlating cosmic microwave background (CMB) and the LSS traced by ‘low-density position’ (LDP). It isolates the ISW effect generated by low-density regions of the universe but insensitive to selection effects associated with voids. We apply it to the DR8 galaxy catalogue of the DESI Legacy imaging surveys and obtain the LDPs at z ≤ 0.6 over ∼20 000 deg2 sky coverage. We then cross-correlate with the Planck temperature map and detect the ISW effect at 3.2σ. We further compare the measurement with numerical simulations of the concordance ΛCDM cosmology and find the ISW amplitude parameter AISW = 1.14 ± 0.38 when we adopt an LDP definition radius $R_\mathrm{ s}=3^{^{\prime }}$, fully consistent with the prediction of the standard ΛCDM cosmology (AISW = 1). This agreement with ΛCDM cosmology holds for all the galaxy samples and Rs that we have investigated. Furthermore, the S/N is comparable to that of galaxy ISW measurement. These results demonstrate the LDP method as a competitive alternative to existing ISW measurement methods and provide independent checks to existing tensions.
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Shen, Xingfa, Lili Liu, Zhenxian Ni, Mingxin Liu, Bei Zhao, and Yuling Shang. "Link-Correlation-Aware Opportunistic Routing in Low-Duty-Cycle Wireless Networks." Sensors 21, no. 11 (June 1, 2021): 3840. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21113840.
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In low-duty-cycle wireless networks with unreliable and correlated links, Opportunistic Routing (OR) is extremely costly because of the unaligned working schedules of nodes within a common candidate forwarder set. In this work, we propose a novel polynomial-time node scheduling scheme considering link correlation for OR in low-duty-cycle wireless networks (LDC-COR), which significantly improves the performance by assigning nodes with low correlation to a common group and scheduling the nodes within this group to wake up simultaneously for forwarding packets in a common cycle. By taking account of both link correlation and link quality, the performance of the expected transmission count (ETX) is improved by adopting the LDC-COR protocol. As a result, the energy consumption of low-duty-cycle OR is significantly reduced. LDC-COR only requires the information of one-hop neighboring nodes which introduces minimal communication overhead. The proposed LDC-COR bridges the gap between the nodes’ limited energy resource and the application lifetime requirements. We evaluate the performance of LDC-COR with extensive simulations and a physical wireless testbed consisting of 20 TelosB nodes. The evaluation results show that both transmission efficiency and energy consumption of low-duty-cycle OR are significantly improved with only a slight increase of end-to-end delay.
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Li, Wei, Howard E. Epstein, Zhongming Wen, Jie Zhao, Jingwei Jin, Guanghua Jing, Jimin Cheng, and Guozhen Du. "Community-weighted mean traits but not functional diversity determine the changes in soil properties during wetland drying on the Tibetan Plateau." Solid Earth 8, no. 1 (February 6, 2017): 137–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/se-8-137-2017.
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Abstract. Climate change and human activities have caused a shift in vegetation composition and soil biogeochemical cycles of alpine wetlands on the Tibetan Plateau. The primary goal of this study was to test for associations between community-weighted mean (CWM) traits, functional diversity, and soil properties during wetland drying. We collected soil samples and investigated the aboveground vegetation in swamp, swamp meadow, and typical meadow environments. Four CWM trait values (specific leaf area is SLA, leaf dry matter content is LDMC, leaf area is LA, and mature plant height is MPH) for 42 common species were measured across the three habitats; three components of functional diversity (functional richness, functional evenness, and functional divergence) were also quantified at these sites. Our results showed that the drying of the wetland dramatically altered plant community and soil properties. There was a significant correlation between CWM of traits and soil properties, but not a significant correlation between functional diversity and soil properties. Our results further showed that CWM-LA, CWM-SLA, and CWM-LDMC had positive correlations with soil readily available nutrients (available nitrogen, AN; available phosphorus, AP), but negative correlations with total soil nutrients (soil organic carbon is SOC, total nitrogen is TN, and total phosphorus is TP). Our study demonstrated that simple, quantitative plant functional traits, but not functional diversity, are directly related to soil C and N properties, and they likely play an important role in plant–soil interactions. Our results also suggest that functional identity of species may be more important than functional diversity in influencing ecosystem processes during wetland drying.
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Meng, Weihua, Mark J. Adams, Parminder Reel, Aravind Rajendrakumar, Yu Huang, Ian J. Deary, Colin N. A. Palmer, Andrew M. McIntosh, and Blair H. Smith. "Genetic correlations between pain phenotypes and depression and neuroticism." European Journal of Human Genetics 28, no. 3 (October 29, 2019): 358–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41431-019-0530-2.
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Abstract Correlations between pain phenotypes and psychiatric traits such as depression and the personality trait of neuroticism are not fully understood. In this study, we estimated the genetic correlations of eight pain phenotypes (defined by the UK Biobank, n = 151,922–226,683) with depressive symptoms, major depressive disorders and neuroticism using the the cross-trait linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) method integrated in the LD Hub. We also used the LDSC software to calculate the genetic correlations among pain phenotypes. All pain phenotypes, except hip pain and knee pain, had significant and positive genetic correlations with depressive symptoms, major depressive disorders and neuroticism. All pain phenotypes were heritable, with pain all over the body showing the highest heritability (h2 = 0.31, standard error = 0.072). Many pain phenotypes had positive and significant genetic correlations with each other indicating shared genetic mechanisms. Our results suggest that pain, neuroticism and depression share partially overlapping genetic risk factors.
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Fu, Denggao, Changqun Duan, Xiul Hou, Tiyuan Xia, and Kai Gao. "Patterns and relationships of plant traits, community structural attributes, and eco-hydrological functions during a subtropical secondary succession in central Yunnan, Southwest China." Archives of Biological Sciences 61, no. 4 (2009): 741–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/abs0904741f.
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Human-induced changes in land use lead to major changes in plant community composition and structure which have strong effects on eco-hydrological processes and functions. We here tested the hypothesis that changes in traits of living plants have resulted in changes in structural attributes of the community that influenced eco-hydrological functions by altering eco-hydrological processes. This was done in the context of a subtropical secondary forest suc?cession following land abandonment in Central Yunnan (Southwest China). During the succession, species with high specific leaf area (SLA), high leaf nitrogen concentration (LNC), high specific root length (SRL), and low leaf dry matter content (LDMC) were progressively replaced by species with the opposite characteristics. The obtained results of correlation analyses were as follows: (1) Correlations were significant between community-aggregated SLA, LNC, and the leaf area index (LAI). Significant correlations were detected between LAI, canopy interception and stemflow, and surface runoff and soil erosion. (2) Significant correlations were also found between community-aggregated SLA, LNC, LDMC, and accumulated litter biomass. High accumulated litter biomass strongly increases the maximum water-retaining capac?ity of litter. However, significant correlations were not found between the maximum water-retaining capacity of litter and surface runoff and soil erosion. (3) Correlations were significant between community-aggregated SLA, LNC, and fine root biomass. Fine root biomass was not significantly related to the maximum water-retaining capacity of the soil, but was significantly related to surface runoff and soil erosion. These results suggest that canopy characteristics play a more important role in control of runoff and soil erosion at the studied site. It follows that plant functional traits are closely linked with canopy characteristics, which should be used as a standard for selecting species in restoration and revegetation for water and soil conservation.
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Udayakumar, Muthulingam, and Thangavel Sekar. "Leaf Traits of Trees in Tropical Dry Evergreen Forests of Peninsular India." Ecologies 2, no. 3 (July 21, 2021): 268–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecologies2030015.
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A plant functional trait study was conducted to know the existing relationship between important leaf traits namely, specific leaf area (SLA), leaf dry matter content (LDMC), and leaf life span (LL) in tropical dry evergreen forest (TDEFs) of Peninsular India. Widely accepted methodologies were employed to record functional traits. The relationships between SLA and LDMC, LDMC and LL, and SLA and LL were measured. Pearson’s coefficient of correlation showed a significant negative relationship between SLA and LDMC, and SLA and LL, whereas a significant positive relationship was prevailed between LDMC and LL. The mean trait values (SLA, LDMC, and LL) of evergreens varied significantly from deciduous species. SLA had a closer relationship with LDMC than LL. Similarly, LL had a closer relationship with SLA than LDMC. Species with evergreen leaf habits dominated forest sites under study. Evergreen species dominate the study area with a high evergreen-deciduous ratio of 5.34:1. The S strategy score of trees indicated a relatively higher biomass allocation to persistent tissues. TDEFs occur in low elevation, semiarid environment, but with the combination of oligotrophic habitat, high temperature and longer dry season these forests were flourishing as a unique evergreen ecosystem in the drier environment. The relationships found between leaf traits were in concurrence with earlier findings. Trees of TDEFs survive on the poor-nutrient habitat with a low SLA, high LDMC, and LL. This study adds baseline data on key leaf traits to plant functional trait database of India.
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Huizenga, Darin, Kurt Chornoby, and Paul V. Engelmann. "Optimized Lldpe/Ldpe Film Properties Through Correlation of Blend Analyses." Journal of Plastic Film & Sheeting 6, no. 4 (October 1990): 318–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/875608799000600407.
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Kim, Man-Jae, and Jin-Soo Kim. "Performance Comparison of Fast Distributed Video Decoding Methods Using Correlation between LDPCA Frames." Journal of the Korea Contents Association 12, no. 4 (April 28, 2012): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5392/jkca.2012.12.04.031.
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Munaro, Marilda, and Leni Akcelrud. "Correlations between composition and crystallinity of LDPE/HDPE blends." Journal of Polymer Research 15, no. 1 (September 15, 2007): 83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10965-007-9146-2.
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Grey, Timothy L., William K. Vencill, Nehru Mantripagada, and A. Stanley Culpepper. "Residual Herbicide Dissipation from Soil Covered with Low-Density Polyethylene Mulch or Left Bare." Weed Science 55, no. 6 (December 2007): 638–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-06-208.1.
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Field studies were conducted to examine the dissipation of three soil-applied residual herbicides for bare soil compared with soil under low-density polyethylene (LDPE) mulch in 2003 and 2004. Studies indicated that halosulfuron andS-metolachlor dissipation was more rapid for bare soil than soil under LDPE mulch. Sulfentrazone dissipation from bare soil was equal to soil under LDPE mulch in 2003. However, sulfentrazone dissipation in 2004 was more rapid for soil under LDPE mulch than for bare soil. The order for half-life, defined as time for 50% dissipation (DT50), varied by herbicide and soil exposure. Averaged across 2003 and 2004, metolachlor DT50was 2 d, halosulfuron 7 d, and sulfentrazone 16 d for bare soil.S-metolachlor DT50was 4 d, halosulfuron 10 d, and sulfentrazone 13 d for soil under LDPE mulch. Correlation between quantified herbicide dissipation and bioassay for bare soil compared with soil under LDPE mulch in 2004 indicated that assay species root dry weights were negatively correlated with herbicide concentration. Data indicated thatS-metolachlor and sulfentrazone bioassays, with oat and cotton, respectively, could be used to assess the level of dissipation for each herbicide.
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Decock, Julie, and Adviti Jana. "579 Lactate dehydrogenase C-associated molecular networks predict enhanced tumor growth and impaired immune response in breast cancer." Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 8, Suppl 3 (November 2020): A613. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2020-sitc2020.0579.
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BackgroundCancer testis antigens (CTAs) have gained interest in the field of anti-cancer therapy as they offer the opportunity to target tumor cells with little off/on-target side effects given their restricted expression patterns. Several CTAs have been implicated as mediators of cancer hallmarks including cancer metabolism, proliferation, survival, and cell motility. Lactate dehydrogenase C (LDHC) expression has been observed in various cancer types and likely confers a survival advantage to tumor cells through metabolic reprograming. Thus, targeting LDHC has the potential to inhibit tumor growth and release the anti-tumor immune response from the acidic immunosuppressive microenvironment. This study aimed to explore the changes in the transcriptome of breast cancer cells upon in vitro LDHC targeting.MethodsWe silenced LDHC expression in two breast cancer cell lines (BT549, HCC1954) and investigated the downstream effects on the tumor cell transcriptome. In addition, differentially expressed genes were subjected to regulatory network analyses and expression of key regulators was interrogated in the TCGA breast cancer dataset.ResultsWe identified 47 up- and 55 down-regulated transcripts after LDHC silencing (2.0-fold change, adj p<0.05). Specifically, we found that LDHC expressing breast cancer cells display an enrichment of genes involved in canonical pathways regulating cell cycle checkpoint control, BRCA1-mediated DNA damage response and NF-kb signaling in response to infection, which is in line with some of our unpublished work. In support, downstream effector analysis demonstrate that LDHC silencing negatively affects biological functions such as cellular development, cellular growth and proliferation, cell migration and cell infiltration. Upstream regulator analyses revealed that the observed changes in gene expression are associated with mTOR (p=1.27e-5, z=2.242) and CASP3 (p=3.2e-4, z=2.250) mechanistic networks, which in the presence of LDHC are predicted to activate TP53, Myc, NF-KB complex, STAT1/3, PRKC, CDK2, FOXO3 and HIF-1a while inhibiting SMAD3, PTEN, ATM, IL18 and BCL2. Furthermore, causal network analysis revealed a higher-level regulation by miR378a-3p (p=1.4e-7, z=-3.117), affecting the mechanistic networks and ultimately promoting tumor cell viability and proliferation, tumor cell movement and cell cycle progression in LDHC expressing cells. Interestingly, the miR378a causal network also indicated inhibition of the immune response in LDHC positive cells. Correlation analysis using the TCGA breast cancer dataset indicated a weak correlation between LDHC expression and the mechanistic regulator mTOR (R=0.26, p=1.82e-18).ConclusionsOur findings demonstrate that therapeutic targeting of LDHC may inhibit tumor growth while releasing the anti-tumor immune response in breast cancer, and warrant further in-depth investigation.AcknowledgementsThis work was supported by a grant from the Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (grant number VR94), awarded to Dr Julie Decock.
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Cheng, Shiqiang, Cuiyan Wu, Xin Qi, Li Liu, Mei Ma, Lu Zhang, Bolun Cheng, et al. "A Large-Scale Genetic Correlation Scan Between Intelligence and Brain Imaging Phenotypes." Cerebral Cortex 30, no. 7 (February 28, 2020): 4197–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhaa043.
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Abstract Limited efforts have been paid to evaluate the potential relationships between structural and functional brain imaging and intelligence until now. We performed a two-stage analysis to systematically explore the relationships between 3144 brain image-derived phenotypes (IDPs) and intelligence. First, by integrating genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summaries data of brain IDPs and two GWAS summary datasets of intelligence, we systematically scanned the relationship between each of the 3144 brain IDPs and intelligence through linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) analysis. Second, using the individual-level genotype and intelligence data of 160 124 subjects derived from UK Biobank datasets, polygenetic risk scoring (PRS) analysis was performed to replicate the common significant associations of the first stage. In the first stage, LDSC identified 6 and 2 significant brain IDPs significantly associated with intelligence dataset1 and dataset2, respectively. It is interesting that NET100_0624 showed genetic correlations with intelligence in the two datasets of intelligence. After adjusted for age and sex as the covariates, NET100_0624 (P = 5.26 × 10−20, Pearson correlation coefficients = −0.02) appeared to be associated with intelligence by PRS analysis of UK Biobank samples. Our findings may help to understand the genetic mechanisms of the effects of brain structure and function on the development of intelligence.
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Zazoum, B., E. David, and A. D. Ngô. "Correlation between Structure and Dielectric Breakdown in LDPE/HDPE/Clay Nanocomposites." ISRN Nanomaterials 2014 (March 19, 2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/612154.
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Cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) is commonly used in medium/high voltage insulation due to its excellent dielectric properties and acceptable thermomechanical properties. To improve both electrical and thermal properties to a point that would possibly avoid the need for crosslinking, nanoclay fillers can be added to polymer matrix to form nanocomposites materials. In this paper, PE/clay nanocomposites were processed by mixing a commercially available premixed polyethylene/O-MMT masterbatch into a polyethylene blend matrix containing 80 wt% low density polyethylene LDPE and 20 wt% high density polyethylene HDPE with and without compatibilizer using a corotating twin-screw extruder. Various characterization techniques were employed in this paper, including optical microscopy, AFM, TEM, TGA, DMTA, and dielectric breakdown measurements in order to understand the correlation between structure and short-term dielectric breakdown strength.
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Sato, Harumi, Masahiko Shimoyama, Taeko Kamiya, Toru Amari, Slobodan Šašiç, Toshio Ninomiya, Heinz W. Siesler, and Yukihiro Ozaki. "Near Infrared Spectra of Pellets and Thin Films of High-Density, Low-Density and Linear Low-Density Polyethylenes and Prediction of Their Physical Properties by Multivariate Data Analysis." Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy 11, no. 4 (August 2003): 309–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1255/jnirs.376.
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The aim of the present study is to investigate in detail the near infrared (NIR) spectra of the three types of polyethylene, linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE), and to develop calibration models that predict their physical properties such as density, crystallinity and melting point. The effects of spectral resolution on the classification and the prediction of density for the three types of PE have been investigated. Furthermore, the NIR spectral differences among LLDPE, LDPE and HDPE have been explored in more detail using 2 cm−1 resolution. Principal component analysis (PCA) has been performed to differentiate the 18 samples of PE. They are classified into three groups, LLDPE, LDPE and HDPE, by a score plot of the PCA Factor 1 versus 3 based on the NIR spectra pretreated by multiplicative scatter correction (MSC). The 2 cm−1 spectral resolution yields a slightly better result for the classification. Partial least squares (PLS) regression has been applied to the NIR spectra after MSC to propose calibration models that predict the density, crystallinity and melting point of HDPE, LDPE and LLDPE. The correlation coefficient for the density was calculated to be 0.9898, 0.9928, 0.9925 and 0.9872 for the spectra obtained at 2, 4, 8 and 16 cm−1 resolutions, respectively, and the root mean square error of cross validation ( RMSECV) was found to be 0.0021, 0.0018, 0.0018 and 0.0023 g cm−3, respectively. It has been found that the correlation coefficient and RMSECV for the prediction of the density and crystallinity change little with the spectral resolution. However, for the prediction of melting point, the higher resolutions (2 and 4 cm−1 resolution) provide slightly better results than the lower resolutions. NIR transmission spectra of thin films of LLDPE, LDPE and HDPE have also been investigated, and calibration models for predicting their density have been developed for the film spectra.
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Hadi, A. J., K. Bin Yusoh, G. J. Hadi, G. F. Najmuldeen, and S. F. Hasany. "Modified Correlation for Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) Solubility in Several Organic Solvents." Theoretical Foundations of Chemical Engineering 53, no. 1 (January 2019): 115–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0040579519010068.
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An, Jiangfeng, Jun Wu, Penghua Zheng, Ying Pan, Xuejie Zhou, and Mingshu Yang. "Fuzzy recognition of LDPE weathering risk based on environmental parameters." Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems 41, no. 1 (August 11, 2021): 167–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jifs-201201.
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The environmental adaptabilities of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) play an important role for high-speed trains’ reliability and comfort. The weathering of LDPE depends on environment factors, while the complexity of the weathering processes inhibits the evaluation of environmental weathering risks. To elucidate the correlation between weathering and environmental factors, and to predict the weathering risk of target areas of interest, three-year-long natural weathering tests were conducted at twelve natural exposure stations in China. Properties of weathered LDPE were compared and analysed using factor analysis. The fuzzy recognition method based on analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was established and used to predict the weathering risk based on environmental database. The results indicate that the factor scores can partitioned the atmospheric environments into five weathering risk grades. This article used the accumulated cumulative temperature of the daily maximum temperature for weathering risk evaluation, which is more scientific than the annual average temperature widely used and is useful for revealing the difference in LDPE weathering in Turpan and Korla. A comparative chart of LDPE’s weathering risk in China was established by this fuzzy recognition method for the first time, which caters to the continuous extension of high-speed railway to new regions.
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Mathur, Rajendra Datt, Rameshwar Prasad Gupta, Deepak Gupta, Reenika Mathur, and Ajay Kumar Bhargav. "Correlation between association of hypothyroidism and cardiovascular risk indices." International Journal of Advances in Medicine 5, no. 3 (May 22, 2018): 754. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20182136.
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Background: Association of hypothyroidism and cardiovascular diseases are important in development of Atherosclerosis. Hypothyroidism and sub clinical hypothyroidism reported highly risk factors due to lipid levels dearranged. Present study to demonstre of correlation of hypothyroidism and cardiovascular disease.Methods: The present study has carried out in the department of medicine and Biochemistry SRG Hospital and associated hospital, Jhalawar Medical College Jhalawar (Raj.) Total 100 Hypothyroidism cases and 100 euthyroidism subject were included in the study Information regarding clinical history were recorded in self Constructed present questionnaires Patients were examined and estimated TSH, T3, T4 total Cholesterol, LDLc, HDCc, TG data were analyzed by SPPS version 20.0.Results: Present study demonstrated increased levels of total cholesterol, LDH, VLDLC and TG and decreased level of HDLC and increased TSH level and decreased T3 and T4 Level in hypothyroidism cases when compared with euthyroid cases It was found significant.Conclusions: In present study hypothyroidism and hormone Level (TSH, T3, T4) and lipid level dearranged values are associated with development cardiovascular disease atherosclerosis.
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Smith, S. J., G. R. Cooper, G. L. Myers, and E. J. Sampson. "Biological variability in concentrations of serum lipids: sources of variation among results from published studies and composite predicted values." Clinical Chemistry 39, no. 6 (June 1, 1993): 1012–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/39.6.1012.
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Abstract To obtain the best estimates of the average intraindividual biological variability (CVb) in the concentrations of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), and triglyceride serum lipids in a person's blood, we evaluated results from 30 studies published from 1970 to 1992. The usually more applicable random-effects model estimated an average CVb of 6.1% for TC, 7.4% for HDLC, 9.5% for LDLC, and 22.6% for triglyceride. Composite estimates of the average CVb from all evaluated published studies by different models of estimation ranged from 6.0% to 6.4% for TC, from 6.2% to 7.5% for HDLC, from 7.0% to 9.6% for LDLC, and from 22.4% to 22.9% for triglyceride. Two important factors influenced the reported biological variation of the study subjects: (a) the magnitude of the variability of the analytical method used and (b) the design characteristics of the study--primarily the number of subjects, the sampling interval, and the number of measurements per subject. For TC, we found a statistically significant positive correlation between the reported mean CVb and both the number of study subjects and the analytical variation. For TC and LDLC we estimate CVb as a function of the study design features. The number of patient specimens required to obtain reliable estimates for serum lipid concentrations are determined from the CVb and the current analytical variation.
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Li, Hanpeng, Guanghui Lv, Lamei Jiang, and Jinlong Wang. "Scale Change and Correlation of Plant Functional Characteristics in the Desert Community of Ebinur Lake." Sustainability 13, no. 9 (April 29, 2021): 4983. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13094983.
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The difference of functional traits among different species is the basis of species coexistence in natural ecosystems, and the variation of traits among individuals within species also plays an important role in species coexistence and distribution. Taking the desert plant community of Ebinur Lake as the research object, five plant functional characteristics were measured in 13 plants of 25 quadrats in the study area. The changes of these five functional characteristics by the method of character gradient analysis and the scale variation of plant functional traits and the correlation between their environments were studied. The results showed that: (1) the range of α value of the five plant functional characteristics in the community was larger than that of β value; that is, the change of the character value of a species relative to related symbiotic species was larger than that along the average character gradient of the community. (2) The correlations between leaf thickness and leaf area as well as between leaf thickness and leaf dry matter content were the strongest with correlation coefficients. That is, the correlations between LTH and SLA as well as between LTH and LDMC were stronger than that between the two species in the community, suggesting that the development of succession had no significant effect. The strategies used by dominant species to adapt to the environment changed from high-speed growth to improving resource utilization efficiency, while the coexisting species in the same community adopted different character combinations to adapt to the common community environment.
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Dordinejad, Abdol Kamal, and Seyed Hassan Jafari. "Miscibility analysis in LLDPE/LDPE blends via thermorheological analysis: Correlation with branching structure." Polymer Engineering & Science 54, no. 5 (July 5, 2013): 1081–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.23652.
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Kao-Walter, Sharon, M. Walter, A. Dasari, and A. Leon. "Tearing and Delaminating of a Polymer Laminate." Key Engineering Materials 465 (January 2011): 169–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.465.169.
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The fracture behaviour of laminated materials was studied in this work. The materials used in this work were low-density polyethylene (LDPE) laminated on polyethylene (PET). The thickness of the LDPE was 27 µm and the PET was 100 µm. Experiments were performed by using a 2-leg trousers specimen to analyse the tearing behaviour of the laminate in relation to the delamination. A clear delamination zone was observed during the crack propagation by tearing. Furthermore, a finite element calculation was performed to simulate the behavior around the crack tip during the tearing. A correlation between adhesion and crack propagation was discussed. Finally, the theory of Essential Work of Fracture (EWF) was used for predicting the specific total work of fracture along the tear path across the plastic zones.
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Dubdub, Ibrahim, and Mohammed Al-Yaari. "Pyrolysis of Mixed Plastic Waste: II. Artificial Neural Networks Prediction and Sensitivity Analysis." Applied Sciences 11, no. 18 (September 12, 2021): 8456. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11188456.
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In this work, an artificial neural network (ANN) model was efficiently developed to predict the pyrolysis of mixed plastics, including pure polystyrene (PS), polypropylene (PP), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), and high-density polyethylene (HDPE), at a heating rate of 60 K/min using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) data. The data of seventeen experimental tests of polymer mixtures with different compositions were used. A feed-forward back-propagation model, with 15 and 10 neurons in two hidden layers and TANSIG-TANSIG transfer functions, was constructed to predict the weight left percent during the pyrolysis of the mixed polymer samples. The model input variables include the composition of each polymer (PS, PP, LDPE, and HDPE), and temperature. The results showed an excellent agreement between the experimental and the predicted weight left percent values, where the correlation coefficient (R) is greater than 0.9999. In addition, to validate the proposed model, a highly efficient performance was found when the proposed model was simulated using new input data. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis was performed using Pearson correlation to find the uncertainties associated with the relationship between the output and the input parameters. Temperature was found to be the most sensitive input parameter.
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Benlian, Pascale, Christophe Cansier, Geneviève Hennache, Oumayma Khallouf, Pascale Bayer, Françoise Duron, Fabrice Carrat, et al. "Comparison of a New Method for the Direct and Simultaneous Assessment of LDL- and HDL-Cholesterol with Ultracentrifugation and Established Methods." Clinical Chemistry 46, no. 4 (April 1, 2000): 493–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/46.4.493.
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Abstract Background: Automated electrophoresis combined with enzymatic cholesterol staining might improve routine assessment of LDL- and HDL-cholesterol (LDLC and HDLC), as an alternative to the Friedewald equation and precipitation. A new method (Hydrasys; SEBIA) that adapts the cholesterol esterase/cholesterol oxidase reaction within urea-free gels was evaluated. Methods: Fresh sera from 725 subjects (512 dyslipidemics) were analyzed by electrophoresis, in parallel with sequential ultracentrifugation, β-quantification, calculation, and precipitation. Results: Electrophoresis was linear up to 4 g/L cholesterol, with a detection limit of 0.042 g/L cholesterol/band. Within-run, between-run, between-batch, and between-operator imprecision (CVs) were 1.6%, 2.0%, 1.5%, and 2.7% for LDLC, and 3.9%, 4.3%, 5.5%, and 4.9% for HDLC, and remained unchanged up to 6.3 g/L plasma triglycerides (TGs). Precision decreased with very low HDLC (<0.25 g/L). Serum storage for 3–7 days at +4 or −80 °C did not interfere significantly with the assay. Agreement with β-quantification was stable for LDLC up to 5.07 g/L (r = 0.94), even at TG concentrations >4 g/L (r = 0.91). Bias (2.88% ± 12%) and total error (7.84%) were unchanged at TG concentrations up to 18.5 g/L. Electrophoresis predicted National Cholesterol Education Program cut-points with <0.04 g/L error, exactly and appropriately classified 79% and 96% of the subjects, and divided by 2.4 (all subjects) and 5.8 (TGs >1.5 g/L) the percentage of subjects underestimated by calculation. One-half of the patients with TGs >4 g/L had LDLC >1.30 g/L. For HDLC, correlation was better with precipitation (r = 0.87) than ultracentrifugation (r = 0.76). Error (−0.10% ± 26%) increased when HDLC decreased (<0.35 g/L). Direct assessment of the LDLC/HDLC ratio detected 45% more high-risk subjects than the calculation/precipitation combination. Conclusions: Electrophoresis provides reliable quantification of LDLC, improving precision, accuracy, and concordance over calculation, particularly with increasing plasma TGs. Implementation of methods to detect low cholesterol concentrations could extend the applications for HDLC assessment.
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Chyla, Brenda, Relja Popovic, Jalaja Potluri, John Hayslip, Xin Huang, Ming Zhu, Mack Mabry, and Anahita Bhathena. "Correlative Biomarkers of Response to Venetoclax in Combination with Chemotherapy or Hypomethylating Agents in Elderly Untreated Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia." Blood 128, no. 22 (December 2, 2016): 1709. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v128.22.1709.1709.
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Abstract Background: We recently reported encouraging antileukemic activity of venetoclax, an orally available selective BCL-2 inhibitor, in combination with hypomethylating agents (HMA; NCT02203773) or low dose cytarabine (LDAC; NCT02287233) in patients aged ≥65 years with treatment-naive acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who are not fit for standard induction therapy [Pollyea et al, ASCO 2016 (abstract 7009); Lin et al, ASCO 2016 (abstract 7007)]. Here we present the genetic and molecular markers observed in this patient population, and their correlation with responses. Methods: The data cut-off dates were: 10FEB2016 (venetoclax+HMA study), and 15FEB2016 (venetoclax+LDAC study). Patient responses were assessed according to the IWG criteria for AML. Given the selectivity of venetoclax to inhibit BCL-2, but not BCL-xL, the baseline expression of BCL-2 and BCL-xL proteins in blasts isolated from peripheral blood was determined by flow cytometry. The expression levels of BCL-2 were compared between those who achieved a response [complete remission (CR), CR with incomplete marrow recovery (CRi), partial remission (PR), morphologically leukemia free state (MLFS)] and those who did not achieve a response by the data cut-off dates [resistant disease (RD), progressive disease (PD)]. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was performed on the blasts from bone marrow aspirates to identify recurrent mutations in genes associated with AML. Patients were classified into the following molecular subgroups based on the mutations data and site reported cytogenetics: (i) chromatin-RNA splicing group consisting of mutations in chromatin remodeling factors (ASXL1, EZH2), in splicing factors (SRSF2, SF3B1, ZRSR2), and/or in the transcription factor, RUNX1 (ii) NPM1 mutation (iii) MLL translocation (iv) TP53 mutations or >3 chromosomal aberrations (Papaemmanuil et al. NEJM 2016). Results: Data from 45 patients enrolled in the venetoclax+HMA study and 26 patients enrolled in the venetoclax+LDAC study are reported here. The demographic and baseline characteristics are summarized in Table 1. BCL-2 and BCL-xL protein expression were determined in 16/45 (36%) patients from the venetoclax+HMA study and 11/26 (42%) patients from the venetoclax+LDAC study. Remaining 44/71 (62%) patients were not included in this analysis for the following reasons: not evaluable for clinical response (n=7), non-availability of the specimen (n=8), and insufficient blasts in peripheral blood (n=29). The percentage of blasts expressing BCL-xL was low (range 0-22%, median 0.6%), whereas the percentage of blasts expressing BCL-2 (BCL-2+) varied (6-99%, median 75%). 16/27 (59%) evaluable patients who achieved a response of CR/CRi/PR/MLFS had an average of 78% blasts BCL-2+. The remaining 11/27 (41%) patients who have not yet achieved a response had an average of 64% blasts BCL-2+ and were separated into two groups: a low percent of BCL-2+ blasts (median 11%, n=5) and a high percent of BCL-2+ blasts (median 82%, n=6) (Figure 1). Pre-treatment bone marrow aspirates were available for NGS analysis from 40/45 patients (venetoclax+HMA study) and 21/26 patients (venetoclax+LDAC study). The data are summarized in Table 2. The chromatin-RNA splicing group comprised the largest subset of patients (n=28), of which 19 (68%) patients achieved a CR/CRi. Majority [10/11 (91%)] of the patients with NPM1 mutation had a CR/CRi. Conversely, 3/12 (25%) patients with TP53 aneuploidy or >3 chromosomal aberrations and 2/6 (33%) with MLL translocation achieved a CR/CRi to date. IDH1/2 mutations were identified in 11/45 (24%) patients in the venetoclax+HMA trial and 7/21 (33%) patients in venetoclax+LDAC trial. 10/11 (91%) patients from the venetoclax+HMA trial and 5/7 (71%) patients from the venetoclax+LDAC trial were responders. Conclusions: The results from this small data set showed that patients who achieved a response to venetoclax plus HMA or LDAC had a higher percent of blasts with BCL-2+. Among patients classified as non-responders, it remains to be determined if those with high percent of BCL-2+ blasts (n=6) will achieve a response with longer time on venetoclax therapy. Patients with specific genetic alterations such as chromatin-RNA splicing and NPM1 mutation may correlate with better odds of response to a venetoclax containing regimen. Samples are being analyzed to confirm these early findings as the two studies continue to enroll more patients. Disclosures Chyla: AbbVie Inc.: Employment, Other: may own stock. Popovic:AbbVie Inc.: Employment, Other: may own stock. Potluri:AbbVie Inc.: Employment, Other: may own stock. Hayslip:AbbVie Inc.: Employment, Other: May own stock. Huang:AbbVie Inc.: Employment, Other: may own stock. Zhu:AbbVie Inc.: Employment, Other: may own stock. Mabry:AbbVie Inc.: Employment, Other: May own stock. Bhathena:AbbVie Inc.: Employment, Other: may own stock.
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Navratil, Jan, Miroslav Manas, Michal Stanek, David Manas, Martin Bednarik, Ales Mizera, and Tomas Gavenda. "Utilization of Terahertz Spectroscopy for Optical Behavior Determination of Recycled Modified HDPE." Advanced Materials Research 1025-1026 (September 2014): 547–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1025-1026.547.
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Little research was done to investigate possible utilization of irradiated materials after the end of their lifetime. This research paper deals with the possible utilization of irradiated high-density polyethylene (HDPEx) after its service life. Irradiated HDPE was used as filler into the virgin low-density polyethylene (LDPE). Three material combinations were investigated (powder/powder, granules/powder and granules/grit) and influence of the filler on optical behavior was measured. Terahertz spectroscopy at wide range of frequencies was used for refractive index determination. According to measured data there is significant influence by the amount of the filler. Moreover influence of particle size was also observed. All three combinations have similar curve courses; however the most consistent results were achieved at the powder/powder combination. Behavior of virgin LDPE and virgin HDPE is in correlation with previous findings.
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Cortes, Jorge E., Akil Merchant, Catriona Jamieson, Daniel A. Pollyea, Michael Heuser, Geoffrey Chan, Panpan Wang, Keith A. Ching, Jillian Johnson, and Thomas O'Brien. "Biomarkers of Overall Survival and Response to Glasdegib and Intensive or Non-Intensive Chemotherapy in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia." Blood 132, Supplement 1 (November 29, 2018): 2733. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-111239.
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Abstract Background: In a previously reported Phase 2 randomized study of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), addition of the investigational agent glasdegib (PF-04449913) to low-dose cytarabine (LDAC) improved overall survival (OS) when compared with LDAC alone. In a non-randomized study arm, glasdegib together with 7+3 chemotherapy was well tolerated and associated with clinical activity. We used a comprehensive biomarker analysis, evaluating gene expression, circulating cytokine levels, and gene mutations, to identify molecular drivers that predict overall response (OR) and OS. Methods: In this Phase 2 multicenter study (NCT01546038), patients with AML who were suitable for non-intensive therapy were randomized (2:1) to LDAC + glasdegib 100 mg QD or LDAC alone, and patients suitable for intensive therapy were assigned 7+3 plus glasdegib 100 mg QD. Whole blood, serum, and bone marrow aspirate samples were collected at baseline, and used to assess 19 genes for expression analysis, 38 analytes for circulating cytokine levels, and 109 genes for mutation analysis. Gene expression was analyzed using TaqMan Low Density Array Cards (TLDCs), cytokine levels were analyzed using quantitative, multiplexed immunoassays (Myriad RBM), and mutation analysis was performed using the Illumina® MiSeq instrument (San Diego, CA). All correlations were performed either for OS or for OR. For gene expression and cytokine analysis, a cut-off value above or below the median expression level for each treatment arm was used to separate samples into two subgroups (< or ≥ the median value) to explore the relationship of expression levels with OS data. Criteria for significance in the non-intensive cohort required one subgroup to have a p-value of <0.05 in the between-treatment arms comparison and the HR difference between the two subgroups to be ≥2 fold. Responses were defined as patients with a complete remission (CR), CR with incomplete blood count recovery (CRi), morphologic leukemia-free state, partial remission (PR), or PRi. For response correlations, genes or cytokines were considered to be differentially expressed if they had a p-value <0.05 and were differentially expressed by ≥2-fold. Results: Within the non-intensive arm (LDAC + glasdegib, n=68; LDAC alone, n=30), expression levels of several genes correlated with improved OS with glasdegib plus LDAC. Lower levels of expression of FOXM1 and MSI2, and higher expression levels of BCL2 and CCND2 correlated with improved OS with the combination. Additionally, lower levels of the cytokines 6CKINE (CCL21), ICAM-1, MIP-1α, and MMP-3 correlated with improved OS. An analysis of correlations of gene expression and cytokine levels with OR could not be completed due to the low number of responders in the LDAC only group (n=2). In the intensive treatment arm (glasdegib and 7+3, n=59), higher PTCH1 expression correlated with improved OS (p=0.0219, median OS 10.8 versus 39.5 months). In this cohort, lower levels of IL-8 (p=0.0225) and MIP-3β (p=0.0403) correlated with lower OS. Expression levels of no genes or cytokines significantly correlated with OR in this arm. We also examined correlations between gene mutation status and OS in both study arms. In the non-intensive arm (LDAC + glasdegib, n=58; LDAC alone, n=25), no genes mutated in at least 5 patients correlated with OS. In the intensive treatment arm (n=47), mutations in FLT3, TP53, CEP170, NPM1, and ANKRD26 correlated with OS (all p<0.05). Patients in this arm with FLT3 mutations responded better than patients with wild type FLT3 (p=0.0336, median OS of 13.1 months versus unreached for FLT3 mutant). Conclusions: In this biomarker analysis, we found that expression levels of a select number of genes and circulating cytokines implicated in AML correlated with OS in the non-intensive and the intensive arms. The improved response for patients with FLT3 mutations and high PTCH1 expression levels in the intensive arm deserves further investigation. These findings need to be verified in larger controlled studies, which are ongoing. Disclosures Cortes: Novartis: Consultancy, Research Funding; Daiichi Sankyo: Consultancy, Research Funding; Pfizer: Consultancy, Research Funding; Astellas Pharma: Consultancy, Research Funding; Arog: Research Funding. Pollyea:Argenx: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Pfizer: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Gilead: Consultancy; Celyad: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; AbbVie: Consultancy, Research Funding; Curis: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Celgene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Karyopharm: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Agios: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding. Heuser:Astellas: Research Funding; Daiichi Sankyo: Research Funding; Sunesis: Research Funding; Tetralogic: Research Funding; Bayer Pharma AG: Consultancy, Research Funding; StemLine Therapeutics: Consultancy; Janssen: Consultancy; Pfizer: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; BergenBio: Research Funding; Karyopharm: Research Funding. Chan:Pfizer: Employment, Equity Ownership. Wang:Pfizer: Employment, Equity Ownership. Ching:Pfizer Inc: Employment, Equity Ownership. Johnson:Pfizer Inc: Employment, Equity Ownership. O'Brien:Pfizer Inc: Employment, Equity Ownership.
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Aulia, Aulia, Zulkarnain Abdul Malek, Yanuar Zulardiansyah Arief, and Eka Putra Waldi. "The Correlation of Statistical Image and Partial Discharge Pulse Count of LDPE-NR Composite." TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control) 15, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 977. http://dx.doi.org/10.12928/telkomnika.v15i3.5149.
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Chaudhari, C. V., K. A. Dubey, N. K. Goel, Y. K. Bhardwaj, and L. Varshney. "Correlation between surface energy and uptake behavior of radiation-grafted methacrylic acid-g-LDPE." Polymer Bulletin 69, no. 7 (May 13, 2012): 779–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00289-012-0767-1.
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Campbell, Gregory A., and Ashok K. Babel. "Physical properties and processing conditions correlations of the ldpe/lldpe tubular blown films." Macromolecular Symposia 101, no. 1 (January 1996): 199–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/masy.19961010123.
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Epple, H. J., S. Amasheh, J. Mankertz, M. Goltz, J. D. Schulzke, and M. Fromm. "Early aldosterone effect in distal colon by transcriptional regulation of ENaC subunits." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 278, no. 5 (May 1, 2000): G718—G724. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.2000.278.5.g718.
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Aldosterone-induced sodium absorption is mediated by the epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC). It is thought that the “early effect” is not based on genomic regulation of ENaC expression, because ENaC subunit transcription was reported to start later than Na+ transport. We investigated electrogenic Na+ absorption ( J Na) and, in identical tissues, mRNA expression of ENaC subunits in early (EDC) and late (LDC) distal colon of the rat. In both segments, 8-h in vitro incubation with 3 nM aldosterone enhanced expression of β- and γ-ENaC mRNA and induced J Na. J Na was 10 times higher in LDC than in EDC. α-ENaC mRNA was unchanged in EDC, whereas it decreased in LDC. In LDC, β- and γ-ENaC mRNA was induced 1 h after aldosterone addition, whereas J Na became apparent >1 h later. Downregulation of α-ENaC mRNA did not take part in acute regulation because it started after a lag time of 3 h. Time correlation of β- and γ-ENaC induction and J Na stimulation suggests that the early aldosterone effect on Na+ absorption in distal colon is caused by transcriptional upregulation of β- and γ-ENaC expression.
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Li, Zhonglei, Mingsheng Fan, Zhuoyan Zhong, and Boxue Du. "Coupling Effect of Molecular Chain Displacement and Carrier Trap Characteristics on DC Breakdown of HDPE/LDPE Blend Insulation." Polymers 12, no. 3 (March 5, 2020): 589. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12030589.
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This work focuses on the coupling effect of molecular chain displacement and trap characteristics on direct current (DC) breakdown properties of high density/low density polyethylene (HDPE/LDPE) blend insulation. Frequency domain spectroscopy (FDS) and isothermal discharge current (IDC) are used to characterize the dielectric relaxation and trap characteristics of HDPE/LDPE blends. A DC breakdown model is proposed to reveal the mechanisms of the molecular chain displacement and carrier trap on the DC breakdown strength. The dielectric relaxation α and δ present segmental motions and thermal ion polarization behaviours of HDPE/LDPE blends, respectively. α dielectric relaxation strength (Δεα) increases as the amount of HDPE increases from 0 to 5 wt%, and then declines with a further increase of HDPE content to 20 wt%. According to the velocity equation, the increase of Δεα will increase the molecular chain displacement, resulting in a larger free volume, which will provide electrons with larger free path λ to form hot electrons. A positive correlation exists between the activation energy of the dielectric relaxation process δ and trap density, and the increase of δ dielectric relaxation strength (Δεδ) will adversely affect the breakdown strength of the specimen. HDPE/LDPE blends with 15 wt% HDPE content have lower Δεα and lowest Δεδ, which decreases the mean free path λ of molecular chain and thermal ion polarization. At the same time, it has the highest deep trap density, thus increasing the probability of hot electrons being captured and improving the DC breakdown strength. It is concluded the breakdown of the dielectric is synergistically affected by the molecular chain displacement and carrier trap.
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Andreadis, Charalambos, Constantine S. Tam, Peter Borchmann, Ulrich Jaeger, Joseph P. McGuirk, Harald Holte, Edmund K. Waller, et al. "Correlation of Bridging and Lymphodepleting Chemotherapy with Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Relapsed/Refractory Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Treated with Tisagenlecleucel." Blood 134, Supplement_1 (November 13, 2019): 2883. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-124492.
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Background: Tisagenlecleucel is an autologous anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy that is approved for adult patients (pts) with relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (r/r DLBCL). In the phase 2 JULIET trial, pts could receive bridging therapy (BT), when needed, to permit flexibility in scheduling and maintain disease control. Lymphodepleting chemotherapy (LDC) was started 5-14 days prior to CAR-T cell infusion. Here we present baseline characteristics, efficacy/safety outcomes, and cellular kinetics by BT and type of LDC used in the JULIET trial. Methods: Pts were categorized based on BT or no BT, as well as LDC (cyclophosphamide/fludarabine [Cy/Flu; 250 and 25 mg/m2 IV daily for 3 doses, respectively] or bendamustine [90 mg/m2 IV daily for 2 days]) or no LDC, received prior to tisagenlecleucel infusion. Cy/Flu was the proposed regimen for LDC, followed by bendamustine (if the pt experienced previous grade [G] 4 hemorrhagic cystitis with Cy or demonstrated resistance to a previous Cy-containing regimen). LDC was not required if white blood cell count was <1000 cells/μL within 1 week prior to infusion. Best overall response rate (ORR) was defined as complete response (CR) + partial response (PR). Event-free probability estimates and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were obtained using Kaplan-Meier method. The 95% CIs for ORR were obtained using exact Clopper-Pearson method. The time course of transgene copies per microgram of genomic DNA, as measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), was utilized to estimate the cellular kinetic parameters (maximal expansion of CAR-T cells in vivo, Cmax; time to maximal expansion, Tmax; and area under the curve from time of infusion to day 28, AUC0-28d). Results: Of the 115 pts infused, 104 received BT (90 systemic therapy alone, 13 systemic therapy in combination with radiation therapy, and 1 radiation therapy alone) and 11 pts did not receive BT. For LDC, 85 pts received Cy/Flu, 22 bendamustine, and 8 pts did not receive LDC. Baseline and disease characteristics across the different BT and LDC categories are presented (Table). Of note, 90.9% (10/11) of pts who did not receive BT had baseline ECOG performance status 0, whereas 52.9% of pts who received BT had ECOG 0. Pts who did not receive BT had an ORR of 81.8% (63.6% complete response [CR]); in pts who received BT, the ORR was 49.0% (35.6% CR) (Table). Progression-free survival (PFS) rate at 12 months was 60.6% in pts who did not receive BT and 32.0% in pts who received BT. Among LDC groups, pts who received Cy/Flu had an ORR of 57.6% (41.2% CR) and 12-month PFS rate of 39.1%, whereas those who received bendamustine had an ORR of 40.9% (31.8% CR) and 12-month PFS rate of 21.2%. These differences were not statistically significant. Among pts who did not receive LDC, only 2/8 achieved a response (ORR 25% [25% CR]) and 12-month PFS rate was 25%. Rates of selected adverse events reported within ≤8 weeks post-infusion, >8 weeks to ≤1 year post-infusion, >1 year post-infusion, and any time after infusion were generally consistent across BT and LDC groups for prolonged cytopenias, neurological events (NE), cytokine release syndrome (CRS), and infection (Table). Of note, among pts who did not receive BT, only 1 G3 CRS and 1 G3 NE were reported, and no G4 CRS or NE were reported. Additionally, the rate of cytopenias not resolved by day 28 post-infusion was lowest among pts who did not receive BT (1/11 pts). However, cytopenias resolved to ≤G2 by month 3 or month 6 in the majority of pts. Cmax, Tmax, and exposure (AUC0-28d) were similar between LDC groups (Table). Cmax and AUC0-28d were also similar between pts who received BT and those who did not. Additional analyses of subgroups will be presented at the congress. Conclusions: The majority of pts enrolled in the JULIET trial received BT and LDC, indicating high tumor burden and aggressive disease in this pt population with r/r DLBCL. Although the sample size is small (n=11), pts not requiring BT appeared to have less aggressive disease, achieved high response rates, and had no G4 CRS or NE. Pts who did not receive LDC (n=8) seemed to have low response rates, suggesting either the impact of prior therapy, the importance of LDC, or both. Further evaluation of the impact of BT and LDC on clinical outcomes on larger patient population will be possible with the availability of registry data. Clinical trial information: NCT02445248 Table Disclosures Andreadis: Genentech: Consultancy, Employment; Merck: Research Funding; Roche: Equity Ownership; Novartis: Research Funding; Celgene: Research Funding; Juno: Research Funding; Pharmacyclics: Research Funding; Gilead: Consultancy; Kite: Consultancy; Jazz Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy. Tam:BeiGene: Honoraria; Roche: Honoraria; Novartis: Honoraria; Janssen: Honoraria, Research Funding; Pharmacyclics LLC, an AbbVie company: Honoraria; AbbVie: Honoraria, Research Funding. Borchmann:Novartis: Honoraria, Research Funding. Jaeger:Novartis, Roche, Sandoz: Consultancy; AbbVie, Celgene, Gilead, Novartis, Roche, Takeda Millennium: Research Funding; Amgen, AbbVie, Celgene, Eisai, Gilead, Janssen, Novartis, Roche, Takeda Millennium, MSD, BMS, Sanofi: Honoraria; Celgene, Roche, Janssen, Gilead, Novartis, MSD, AbbVie, Sanofi: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. McGuirk:Astellas: Research Funding; Novartis: Research Funding; Fresenius Biotech: Research Funding; Gamida Cell: Research Funding; Pluristem Ltd: Research Funding; ArticulateScience LLC: Other: Assistance with manuscript preparation; Juno Therapeutics: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Kite Pharmaceuticals: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Bellicum Pharmaceuticals: Research Funding. Holte:Novartis: Honoraria, Other: Advisory board. Waller:Novartis: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Pharmacyclics: Other: Travel expenses, Research Funding; Cerus Corporation: Other: Stock, Patents & Royalties; Chimerix: Other: Stock; Cambium Oncology: Patents & Royalties: Patents, royalties or other intellectual property ; Amgen: Consultancy; Kalytera: Consultancy. Jaglowski:Unum Therapeutics Inc.: Research Funding; Novartis: Consultancy, Other: advisory board, Research Funding; Juno: Consultancy, Other: advisory board; Kite: Consultancy, Other: advisory board, Research Funding. Bishop:Celgene: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Juno: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; CRISPR Therapeutics: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Novartis: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Kite: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau. Foley:Celgene: Speakers Bureau; Amgen: Speakers Bureau; Janssen: Speakers Bureau. Westin:Curis: Other: Advisory Board, Research Funding; Janssen: Other: Advisory Board, Research Funding; Juno: Other: Advisory Board; Celgene: Other: Advisory Board, Research Funding; 47 Inc: Research Funding; Genentech: Other: Advisory Board, Research Funding; Novartis: Other: Advisory Board, Research Funding; MorphoSys: Other: Advisory Board; Unum: Research Funding; Kite: Other: Advisory Board, Research Funding. Fleury:Gilead: Consultancy, Honoraria; Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria; Roche: Consultancy, Honoraria; Seattle Genetics: Consultancy, Honoraria; Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria; Abbvie: Consultancy, Honoraria; AstraZeneca: Consultancy. Ho:Novartis: Other: Trial Investigator meeting travel costs; La Jolla: Other: Trial Investigator meeting travel costs; Janssen: Other: Trial Investigator meeting travel costs; Celgene: Other: Trial Investigator meeting travel costs. Mielke:DGHO: Other: Travel support; IACH: Other: Travel support; EBMT/EHA: Other: Travel support; Miltenyi: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: Travel and speakers fee (via institution), Speakers Bureau; GILEAD: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: travel (via institution), Speakers Bureau; Jazz Pharma: Honoraria, Other: Travel support, Speakers Bureau; Kiadis Pharma: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: Travel support (via institution), Speakers Bureau; Celgene: Honoraria, Other: Travel support (via institution), Speakers Bureau; ISCT: Other: Travel support; Bellicum: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: Travel (via institution). Teshima:Novartis: Honoraria, Research Funding. Salles:Epizyme: Consultancy, Honoraria; Amgen: Honoraria, Other: Educational events; Autolus: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Roche, Janssen, Gilead, Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: Educational events; Takeda: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: Educational events; BMS: Honoraria; Merck: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Novartis, Servier, AbbVie, Karyopharm, Kite, MorphoSys: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: Educational events. Schuster:Novartis: Patents & Royalties: Combination Therapies of CAR and PD-1 Inhibitors (royalties to Novartis); i3Health, Dava Oncology, Novartis, OncLive, PER Oncology: Speakers Bureau; AbbVie, Acerta, Celgene, DTRM Bio, Genentech, Incyte, Merck, Novartis, Portola, TG therapeutics: Research Funding; AbbVie, Celgene, Novartis, Nordic Nanovector, Pfizer: Other: steering committee; Acerta, AstraZeneca, Celgene, Juno, LoxoOncology, Novartis: Other: advisory board; i3Health, Acerta, AstraZeneca, Celgene, Dava Oncology, Juno, LoxoOncology, Novartis, Nordic Nanovector, OncLive, PER Oncology, Pfizer: Honoraria. Bachanova:Kite: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Novartis: Research Funding; Gamida Cell: Research Funding; GT Biopharma: Research Funding; Incyte: Research Funding; Celgene: Research Funding; Seattle Genetics: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Maziarz:Novartis: Consultancy, Research Funding; Incyte: Consultancy, Honoraria; Celgene/Juno: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Kite: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Van Besien:Miltenyi Biotec: Research Funding. Izutsu:Eisai, Chugai, Zenyaku: Honoraria; Kyowa Kirin, Eisai, Takeda, MSD, Chugai, Nihon Medi-physics, Janssen, Ono, Abbvie, Dainihon Sumitomo, Bayer, Astra Zeneca, HUYA Japan, Novartis, Bristol-Byers Squibb, Mundi, Otsuka, Daiichi Sankyo, Astellas, Asahi Kasei: Honoraria; Celgene: Consultancy; Eisai, Symbio, Chugai, Zenyaku: Research Funding; Chugai, Celgene, Daiichi Sankyo, Astra Zeneca, Eisai, Symbio, Ono, Bayer, Solasia, Zenyaku, Incyte, Novartis, Sanofi, HUYA Bioscience, MSD, Astellas Amgen, Abbvie, ARIAD, Takeda, Pfizer: Research Funding. Wagner-Johnston:Gilead: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Jannsen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Bayer: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; ADC Therapeutics: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Corradini:Amgen: Honoraria; Celgene: Honoraria, Other: Travel Costs; AbbVie: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: Travel Costs; Daiichi Sankyo: Honoraria; Gilead: Honoraria, Other: Travel Costs; Janssen: Honoraria, Other: Travel Costs; Jazz Pharmaceutics: Honoraria; KiowaKirin: Honoraria; Kite: Honoraria; Novartis: Honoraria, Other: Travel Costs; Roche: Honoraria; Sanofi: Honoraria; Servier: Honoraria; Takeda: Honoraria, Other: Travel Costs; BMS: Other: Travel Costs. Tiwari:Novartis: Employment. Awasthi:Novartis: Employment. Lawniczek:Novartis: Employment. Eldjerou:Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation: Employment. Kersten:MSD: Other: Travel grants, honorarium, or advisory boards; Janssen/Cilag: Other: Travel grants, honorarium, or advisory boards; Kite: Consultancy, Other: Travel grants, honorarium, or advisory boards; Roche: Consultancy, Research Funding, Travel grants, honorarium, or advisory boards; Bristol Myers Squibb: Other: Travel grants, honorarium, or advisory boards; Takeda: Consultancy, Research Funding; Novartis: Consultancy, Other: Travel grants, honorarium, or advisory boards; Celgene: Other: Travel grants, honorarium, or advisory boards; Gilead: Other: Travel grants, honorarium, or advisory boards; Amgen: Other: Travel grants, honorarium, or advisory boards; Roche: Other: Travel grants, honorarium, or advisory boards; Celgene: Consultancy, Research Funding.
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Waldo-Mendoza, Miguel, Zoe Quiñones-Jurado, Juan Pérez-Medina, Bernardo Yañez-Soto, and Pedro Ramírez-González. "Fogging Control on LDPE/EVA Coextruded Films: Wettability Behavior and Its Correlation with Electric Performance." Membranes 7, no. 1 (February 22, 2017): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes7010011.
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Kim, Soon Hee, Hyun Jung Ha, Youn Kyung Ko, Sun Jung Yoon, John M. Rhee, Moon Suk Kim, Hai Bang Lee, and Gilson Khang. "Correlation of proliferation, morphology and biological responses of fibroblasts on LDPE with different surface wettability." Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition 18, no. 5 (January 2007): 609–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156856207780852514.
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Ali, A., R. Darvishzadeh, A. K. Skidmore, I. V. Duren, U. Heiden, and M. Heurich. "Prospect inversion for indirect estimation of leaf dry matter content and specific leaf area." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-7/W3 (April 29, 2015): 277–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-7-w3-277-2015.
Full textAbstract:
Quantification of vegetation properties plays an indispensable role in assessments of ecosystem function with leaf dry mater content (LDMC) and specific leaf area (SLA) being two important vegetation properties. Methods for fast, reliable and accurate measurement of LDMC and SLA are still lacking. In this study, the inversion of the PROSPECT radiative transfer model was used to estimate these two leaf parameters. Inversion of PROSPECT traditionally aims at quantifying its direct input parameters rather than identifying the parameters which can be derived indirectly from the input parameters. The technique has been tested here to indirectly model these parameters for the first time. Biophysical parameters such as leaf area, as well as fresh and dry weights of 137 leaf samples were measured during a field campaign in July 2013 in the mixed mountain forests of the Bavarian Forest National Park, Germany. Reflectance and transmittance of the leaf samples were measured using an ASD field spec III equipped with an integrating sphere. The PROSPECT model was inverted using a look-up table (LUT) approach for the NIR/SWIR region of the spectrum. The retrieved parameters were evaluated using their calculated R<sup>2</sup> and normalized root mean square error (nRMSE) values with the field measurements. Among the retrieved variables the lowest nRMSE (0.0899) was observed for LDMC. For both traits higher R<sup>2</sup> values (0.83 for LDMC and 0.89 for SLA) were discovered. The results indicate that the leaf traits studied can be quantified as accurately as the direct input parameters of PROSPECT. The strong correlation between the estimated traits and the NIR/SWIR region of the electromagnetic spectrum suggests that these leaf traits could be assessed at canopy and in the landscape by using hyperspectral remote sensing data.
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Lai, Ying-Chuen, Hung-Yuan Li, Ta-Jen Wu, Chi-Yuan Jeng, and Lee-Ming Chuang. "Correlation of Circulating Acid-Labile Subunit Levels with Insulin Sensitivity and Serum LDL Cholesterol in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Findings from a Prospective Study with Rosiglitazone." PPAR Research 2014 (2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/917823.
Full textAbstract:
Silencing of acid-labile subunit (ALS) improved glucose metabolism in animal models. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of rosiglitazone (RSG) on ALS levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted. Subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus were randomly distributed to an RSG-treated(n=30)or a placebo(n=31)group. Patients were evaluated prior to treatment at baseline and at 12 and 24 weeks after treatment. At baseline, ALS levels were negatively associated with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc) levels and homeostatic model assessment version 2 insulin sensitivity (HOMA2-%S). Over 24 weeks, there was a significantly greater reduction in ALS levels in the nonobese RSG-treated individuals than placebo-treated group. The effect of RSG on ALS was not significant in obese individuals. Fasting plasma glucose and hemoglobin A1c were reduced, but total cholesterol and LDLc were increased, in patients on RSG. Change in ALS levels predicted changes in total cholesterol and HOMA2-%S over time. This study suggested a BMI-dependent effect of RSG treatment on ALS levels. Reduction of ALS by RSG increases the risk of atherosclerosis in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
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Baral, Sushil, Achyut Bikram Hamal, Shyam Kumar BK, Sandeep Gupta, Manoj Sigdel, and Laxman Prasad Mandal. "Assessment of lipid abnormalities and Cardiovascular Risk indices in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus." Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 10, no. 6 (October 30, 2019): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v10i6.25337.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Incidence of cardiovascular events is increased to two to four times among diabetic patients when compared with non-diabetic. Dyslipidaemia in diabetes is major risk factor for cardiovascular events. Atherogenic indices have been used as major laboratory measures in clinical practice to assess cardiovascular risk. Recent studies, have shown that non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and other atherogenic indices is like or better than LDL-C alone in the prediction of CVD incidence and mortality.
Aim and Objectives: The aim of this study is to assess the lipid abnormalities with cardiovascular risk using atherogenic coefficient (Ac), Cardiac Risk Ratio (TC/HDLc and LDLc/HDLc), TG/HDLc and Non- HDL in diabetes patients.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study conducted at Bir hospital (tertiary care center) Nepal. Patients diagnosed as diabetes with age 30 years or above were selected in this study during a period of 1 yr.
Results: The mean age of the patients enrolled was 55.08±1.11 (34-81) year with male (52 %) to female (48%) ratio is 1.08:1. In this study the mean Non HDLc was 165.24±43.40 mg/dl (65-323) and AC was 4.0±1.09. The finding of AC was slightly higher in female compare to male i.e mean ±S.D 4.07±1.31 and 3.94±1.15. This study show the strong correlation of Non HDLc with total cholesterol (r=.990, p=0.000), LDLc(r=.602,p=0.000),TG (r=.411,p=0.000), LDLc/HDLc (r=.580,p=0.000),TC/HDLc ((r=.866,p=0.000), TG/HDLc (r=.390,p=0.000) and AC (p=0.866).
Conclusion: The association between abnormal lipid levels and cardiovascular risk is evident among patients with diabetes mellitus. In this study there is the correlation with FBS, Non HDL-c cholesterol, Cardio risk ratio, TG/HDLc, Atherogenic coefficient. Hence Non-HDL cholesterol and Atherogenic indices proves to be more sensitive and a better predictor of cardiovascular events in diabetes patients.
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Shoji, H., N. Ikeda, C. Kojima, T. Kitamura, H. Suganuma, K. Hisata, S. Hirayama, T. Ueno, T. Miida, and T. Shimizu. "Relationship between copper and lipids and atherogenic indices soon after birth in Japanese preterm infants of 32–35 weeks." Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease 8, no. 2 (December 20, 2016): 256–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2040174416000684.
Full textAbstract:
Several studies have reported association of altered levels of lipids and some trace elements with risk factors for cardiovascular disease development in adulthood. Accordingly, the present study aimed to determine the relationship among the serum levels of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), lipids, lipoproteins and apolipoproteins in preterm infants through an assessment of atherogenic indices shortly after birth. Blood samples were collected within 20 min of birth from 45 preterm infants with gestational ages ranging from 32 to 35 weeks. Serum Cu, Zn, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc), apolipoprotein-A1 (apoA1) and apolipoprotein-B (apoB) levels were measured, and the TC/HDLc, LDLc/HDLc and apoB/apoA1 ratios were calculated. Upon determining the correlation between the levels of Cu, Zn and these indices of lipid metabolism, triglyceride (TG) and Cu were found to correlate negatively with birth weight (BW) and the standard deviation (s.d.) score for body weight. Furthermore, Cu levels correlated positively with the TG level and TC/HDLc, LDLc/HDLc and apoB/apoA1 ratios and negatively with the HDLc level and HDLc/apoA1 ratios. However, a stepwise multiple regression analysis indicated that the s.d. score for BW and TG level were significant independent determinants of the Cu level. In contrast, Zn did not correlate with any of these indices. In conclusion, intrauterine growth restriction and the TG level at birth influence Cu levels in preterm infants, whereas atherogenic indices do not affect this parameter.
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Jumeau, Richard, Patrice Bourson, Michel Ferriol, François Lahure, Marc Ponçot, and Abdesselam Dahoun. "Identification of LDPE Grades Focusing on Specific CH2 Raman Vibration Modes." International Journal of Spectroscopy 2013 (April 15, 2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/720598.
Full textAbstract:
The possibilities of applications of vibrational spectroscopy techniques (Raman spectroscopy) in the analysis and characterization of polymers are more and more used and accurate. In this paper, our purpose is to characterize Low Density Poly(Ethylene) (LDPE) grades by Raman spectroscopy and in particular with CH2 Raman vibration modes. With temperature measurements, we determine different amorphous and crystalline Raman assignments. From these results and on the basis of the evolution of CH2 bending Raman vibration modes, we develop a phenomenological model in correlation with Differential Scanning Calorimetry and in particular with crystalline lamella thickness determination.