Journal articles: 'Corridor of movement'

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Kowalski, Gabriele Joanna, Volker Grimm, Antje Herde, Anja Guenther, and Jana A. Eccard. "Does Animal Personality Affect Movement in Habitat Corridors? Experiments with Common Voles (Microtus arvalis) Using Different Corridor Widths." Animals 9, no. 6 (May 29, 2019): 291. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani9060291.

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Animal personality may affect an animal’s mobility in a given landscape, influencing its propensity to take risks in an unknown environment. We investigated the mobility of translocated common voles in two corridor systems 60 m in length and differing in width (1 m and 3 m). Voles were behaviorally phenotyped in repeated open field and barrier tests. Observed behavioral traits were highly repeatable and described by a continuous personality score. Subsequently, animals were tracked via an automated very high frequency (VHF) telemetry radio tracking system to monitor their movement patterns in the corridor system. Although personality did not explain movement patterns, corridor width determined the amount of time spent in the habitat corridor. Voles in the narrow corridor system entered the corridor faster and spent less time in the corridor than animals in the wide corridor. Thus, landscape features seem to affect movement patterns more strongly than personality. Meanwhile, site characteristics, such as corridor width, could prove to be highly important when designing corridors for conservation, with narrow corridors facilitating faster movement through landscapes than wider corridors.

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Hidalgo-Mihart, Mircea G., Fernando M. Contreras-Moreno, Alejandro Jesús de la Cruz, and Rugieri Juárez-López. "Validation of the Calakmul–Laguna de Terminos corridor for jaguarsPanthera oncain south-eastern Mexico." Oryx 52, no. 2 (February 15, 2017): 292–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605316001083.

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AbstractThe fragmentation of jaguarPanthera oncapopulations as a result of habitat loss is considered to be one of the main challenges for the conservation of the species. Corridors have been proposed as a means of maintaining connectivity and the long-term viability of jaguar populations. The corridor that connects the jaguar conservation units of Calakmul and Laguna de Terminos in Mexico has been considered to be a link for the movement of individuals between these units but its functionality had yet to be verified. During 2012–2014 we divided the corridor into four sections, where we used camera traps to verify the corridor's functionality. We obtained 106 photographs of jaguars, proving the presence of jaguars (including resident jaguars and females) in three of the corridor sections. We did not record any individuals in more than one section of the corridor. The presence of several resident jaguars and females throughout the corridor suggests that portions of the corridor should be incorporated into the Calakmul and Laguna de Terminos jaguar conservation units. Nevertheless, to confirm that the corridor is fully functional it is necessary to obtain evidence of movement of jaguars among the various sections of the corridor. Our results suggest that the area should be included in regional conservation strategies.

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Li, Dongbo, Christopher F. Clements, Isobel L. G. Shan, and Jane Memmott. "Corridor quality affects net movement, size of dispersers, and population growth in experimental microcosms." Oecologia 195, no. 2 (January 9, 2021): 547–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00442-020-04834-2.

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AbstractCorridors are expected to increase species dispersal in fragmented habitats. However, it remains unclear how the quality of corridors influences the dispersal process, and how it interacts with corridor length and width. Here we investigate these factors using a small-scale laboratory system where we track the dispersal of the model organism Collembola Folsomia candida. Using this system, we study the effects of corridor length, width, and quality on the probability of dispersal, net movement, body size of dispersers, and the rate of change in population size after colonization. We show that corridor quality positively affected dispersal probability, net movement, and the rate of change in population size in colonised patches. Moreover, corridor quality significantly affected the size of dispersers, with only larger individuals dispersing through poor quality corridors. The length and width of corridors affected both the rate at which populations increased in colonised patches and the net number of individuals which dispersed, suggesting that these physical properties may be important in maintaining the flow of individuals in space. Our results thus suggest that corridor quality can have an important role in determining not only the probability of dispersal occurs but also the phenotypes of the individuals which disperse, with concomitant effects on the net movement of individuals and the rate of change in population size in the colonised patches.

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Riva, Federico, John H. Acorn, and Scott E. Nielsen. "Narrow anthropogenic corridors direct the movement of a generalist boreal butterfly." Biology Letters 14, no. 2 (February 2018): 20170770. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2017.0770.

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Ecological and anthropogenic corridors are becoming more common worldwide, but little is known about how corridor size (width) affects species' movements, and thus their effects. Here we investigated whether 4- and 8-m wide anthropogenic corridors (seismic lines) cleared for petroleum (oil sands) exploration in boreal forests in Alberta, Canada, act on altering the behaviour of a habitat generalist butterfly, the Arctic fritillary ( Boloria chariclea ). Specifically, we captured 539 Arctic fritillaries and released them in seismic line corridor or control sites with no structural directionality (i.e. forests and clearings), and recorded both their initial direction (along the seismic line or not) and persistence in directional movements. Arctic fritillaries moved inside these lines twice as often as they left them, and maintained their initial direction more often, regardless of line size and independently of forest structure or sex of individuals. Thus, anthropogenic corridors as narrow as 4 m can affect insect movements. Given the vast area of boreal forests disturbed from seismic assessments, investigating if the effects of these dense, localized lines affect population dynamics and species interactions would provide important insights to managing this ecosystem and identifying restoration actions.

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Cortes, Kevin M., and Erin H. Gillam. "Assessing the use of rivers as migratory corridors for temperate bats." Journal of Mammalogy 101, no. 2 (February 27, 2020): 448–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyz211.

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Abstract Investigating landscape-level movement patterns of migratory animals can be challenging, but this is a major component of some animal’s life history and behavior. In particular, bat migration has been difficult to characterize, yet recent research on bat migratory ecology has made major advances. It has been largely accepted that rivers and other linear landscape features may be important migratory corridors for bats during both long- and short-distance migrations. We assessed the migratory behavior of multiple temperate bat species along the Missouri River, a major river corridor in North Dakota, during March through October of 2016–2017. Bat detectors with paired microphones were deployed and oriented parallel to the riverbank. This configuration permitted detection of directional passes of bats, approximately 10–20 m above the microphones and 40 m into the river, which were used as an estimate of migratory behavior. We found the effects of season and species explained less than 2% of the variation of directional passes, indicating an absence of season-specific movement patterns along the studied river corridor. Although our study only assessed a portion of a major river corridor, the results suggest that migratory movements of bats along rivers may not be as straightforward as once thought, highlighting the need for future studies investigating the fine-scaled movement patterns of bats during migration.

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Shi, Hui, Tiange Shi, Zhaoping Yang, Zhi Wang, Fang Han, and Cuirong Wang. "Effect of Roads on Ecological Corridors Used for Wildlife Movement in a Natural Heritage Site." Sustainability 10, no. 8 (August 2, 2018): 2725. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10082725.

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Roads are the link between geographic space and human socio-economic activities, promoting local economic development, and simultaneously causing various negative effects, such as segmentation, interference, destruction, degradation, and pollution. In China, the construction of roads is rapid, which might affect wildlife movement, landscape pattern, and land use change, thereby, affecting the conservation of heritage sites. In the present study, the minimum cumulative resistance model, along with geographic information system technology, was adopted to compute the ecological corridor for wildlife movement between the source patches and to analyze ecological corridor changes under two conditions (road presence/absence) at two time points in Kanas, nominated as a World Natural Heritage site. The relationships between the ecological corridor changes and various factors, including the cutting index of the ‘road-effect zones’, terrain, and road geometric characteristics, were examined using the geographical detector model to identify the influencing factors and mechanisms of the corridor changes, in order to rationally simulate the potential ecological corridors. In addition, the detached and fragmented ecological patches can be connected to effectively protect the biodiversity, biological habitats, and species, which are important means to achieve regional sustainable development and ecological construction.

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Rosenberg, Daniel K., Barry R. Noon, John W. Megahan, and E. Charles Meslow. "Compensatory behavior of Ensatina eschscholtzii in biological corridors: a field experiment." Canadian Journal of Zoology 76, no. 1 (January 1, 1998): 117–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z97-178.

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Despite the general lack of theoretical or empirical support, biological corridors are assumed to mitigate the detrimental effects of habitat fragmentation by increasing landscape connectivity. To test the hypothesis that mechanisms which affect immigration rates from a source to a target patch are affected by the presence of a corridor in an otherwise unsuitable matrix, we created two strongly contrasting pathways in replicated field experiments. One pathway type included only bare mineral soil, the other included a potential corridor. We conducted these experiments with Ensatina eschscholtzii, a salamander in the family Plethodontidae. Pathways with surface organic material removed provided a harsh environment for E. eschscholtzii, which was reflected by lower selection, shorter residency time, and higher movement rates than on pathways that contained vegetation (corridor pathways). However, the numbers of E. eschscholtzii reaching target patches connected by corridor pathways were greater than those reaching target patches connected by bare pathways only in plots in which the matrix environment seemed most severe. Our results suggest that identifying candidate corridor areas on conservation maps might be difficult because animals may show compensatory behavioral responses to different types of habitat separating source and target patches. We argue that knowledge of a species' habitat-specific dispersal behaviors is critical to reliably designating corridors as functional components of reserve design.

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Carthey, Jane. "Reinterpreting the Hospital Corridor: “Wasted Space” or Essential for Quality Multidisciplinary Clinical Care?" HERD: Health Environments Research & Design Journal 2, no. 1 (October 2008): 17–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/193758670800200103.

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The planning of New South Wales (NSW) and other Australian health facilities is guided by the Australasian Health Facility Guidelines (AHFG), which prescribe allowances for circulation (corridors and similar areas for movement between spaces) of between 10% and 40% of functional floor areas. A further allowance of up to 28% for Travel and Engineering is then assumed (University of NSW & Health Capital Asset Managers' Consortium, 2005). Therefore the “circulation” and “travel” space manifested as the corridors and similar movement spaces within health facilities is both extensive and expensive. Consequently, such space often becomes regarded as a necessary evil and, in the name of efficiency, is often minimized wherever possible. This paper revisits the view that corridor space allocations (circulation) must always be minimized to achieve design or functional efficiencies. Minimizing circulation or travel inevitably assumes that the realized space savings will then be reallocated to “more important” areas of the facility. Yet the corridors and other movement spaces also are very important to the functioning of multidisciplinary clinical teams and the quality of care delivery. Ultimately, inflexibly reducing the space allocated to such spaces may be regarded as a false economy.

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Barth, Matthew J., and Ramakrishna R. Tadi. "Emissions Comparison between Truck and Rail: Case Study of California I-40." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1520, no. 1 (January 1996): 44–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198196152000106.

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A comprehensive goods movement study of the California Interstate 40 corridor (from Barstow to Needles) has recently been completed. This study attempted to characterize goods movement in the region, perform a corridor emissions analysis, and make recommendations in terms of capacity and improvements, as well as economic feasibility of using rail in conjunction with trucks for goods movement. The emissions analysis of goods movement along the I-40 corridor is examined, specifically emissions of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides (NOx), and particulate matter associated with both truck and rail traffic. Heavy-duty diesel truck emissions are estimated using truck activity data recorded along the corridor. A unique methodology is used to calculate these truck emissions, incorporating road grade factors and determining engine load on a link-by-link basis. These emissions are then compared with the emissions associated with freight trains that travel along this I-40 corridor. On the basis of current (1994) truck and rail volumes, it was found that goods moved by rail produces lower emissions, except for NOx, which is slightly higher for rail. The factor decrease of other pollutants ranges from 2.49 to 8.50, which is consistent with other recent studies. Given the amount of pollutants produced by trucks, shifting some of the freight from trucks to rail with a greater emphasis on intermodal business should reduce the total freight emissions along the I-40 corridor.

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Jian, Li, Yang Lizhong, and Zhao Daoliang. "Simulation of bi-direction pedestrian movement in corridor." Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 354 (August 2005): 619–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2005.03.007.

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Farzaneh, Mohamadreza, Jae Su Lee, Juan Villa, and Josias Zietsman. "Corridor-Level Air Quality Analysis of Freight Movement." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2233, no. 1 (January 2011): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2233-03.

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Lato, M., J. Hutchinson, M. Diederichs, D. Ball, and R. Harrap. "Engineering monitoring of rockfall hazards along transportation corridors: using mobile terrestrial LiDAR." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 9, no. 3 (June 23, 2009): 935–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-9-935-2009.

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Abstract. Geotechnical hazards along linear transportation corridors are challenging to identify and often require constant monitoring. Inspecting corridors using traditional, manual methods requires the engineer to be unnecessarily exposed to the hazard. It also requires closure of the corridor to ensure safety of the worker from passing vehicles. This paper identifies the use of mobile terrestrial LiDAR data as a compliment to traditional field methods. Mobile terrestrial LiDAR is an emerging remote data collection technique capable of generating accurate fully three-dimensional virtual models while driving at speeds up to 100 km/h. Data is collected from a truck that causes no delays to active traffic nor does it impede corridor use. These resultant georeferenced data can be used for geomechanical structural feature identification and kinematic analysis, rockfall path identification and differential monitoring of rock movement or failure over time. Comparisons between mobile terrestrial and static LiDAR data collection and analysis are presented. As well, detailed discussions on workflow procedures for possible implementation are discussed. Future use of mobile terrestrial LiDAR data for corridor analysis will focus on repeated surveys and developing dynamic four-dimensional models, higher resolution data collection. As well, computationally advanced, spatially accurate, geomechanically controlled three-dimensional rockfall simulations should be investigated.

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Wastunimpuna, Benediktus Yosef Arya, Wahyu Setia Budi, and Erni Setyowati. "The Effect Of Outside Corridor’s Orientation to Interior Thermal Condition at Lawang Sewu Semarang." E3S Web of Conferences 73 (2018): 01011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20187301011.

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The outside corridor of Dutch Colonial Building in Indonesia was made to make the temperature of the room more comfortable. Lawang Sewu Building in Semarang is one example of a building that has an outside corridor along the building and until now still use natural ventilation. This study focuses on finding out whether there is a difference on the thermal conditions of each room’s orientation, so after that we know the effect of orientation of the outdoor corridor to the temperature of the interior. In this study the experiment based on measurement using Heat Stress WBGT Meter for Wet Bulb Temperature, Dry Bulb Temperature, Relative Humidity, and KW0600653 Hot Wire Anemometer for the air movement. The data will be analysed using thermal standard theory to find out which point has the most comfortable thermal conditions.. At the end of this study will be found the effect of corridor’s orientation to thermal condition of the interior in Lawang Sewu Semarang.

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Joyce, K. A., J. M. Holland, and C. P. Doncaster. "Influences of hedgerow intersections and gaps on the movement of carabid beetles." Bulletin of Entomological Research 89, no. 6 (December 1999): 523–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000748539900067x.

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AbstractIn the fragmented landscape of arable farmland, hedgerows and other non-crop habitats provide refuges of food and shelter for invertebrates, and corridors through which they can move to other habitats. Their role as corridors is likely to depend on their connectivity, both to each other and to other patches of suitable habitat. The effects of connectivity on the carabid beetle Nebria brevicollis (Fabricius) were analysed by observing movement between hedgerow intersections (nodes) and the linear section of the hedgerow, and across gaps in the hedgerow. Capture–mark–recapture of N. brevicollis revealed a uniformly higher activity at hedgerow nodes than at mid-section strips of comparable area. This is consistent with previous studies of hedgerow fauna including butterflies, plants and birds. Gaps in the hedgerows typically measured 7–9 m and functioned as a passage between fields for farm machinery. These were readily crossed by N. brevicollis as was the hedge bottom. Some movement along the hedgerow was found indicating their use as a corridor.

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Davis-Born, Renee, and Jerry O. Wolff. "Age- and sex-specific responses of the gray-tailed vole, Microtus canicaudus, to connected and unconnected habitat patches." Canadian Journal of Zoology 78, no. 5 (May 1, 2000): 864–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z00-017.

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We monitored demography, movement, and reproductive behavior of gray-tailed voles, Microtus canicaudus, in experimental habitat patches with and without corridors to test the hypotheses that more individuals would move among patches in corridor than in control unconnected habitats, and that individuals would distribute themselves more evenly among patches if corridors were present than if they were not. We predicted that more males than females would move among patches in both treatments and that juveniles in control habitats would exhibit delayed sexual maturation if their dispersal was delayed and opposite-sex relatives remained in proximity to each other. All experiments were conducted in eight 0.2-ha enclosures planted with alfalfa that was fragmented into four patches (each 156 m2) separated by 12.5 m of bare ground. In four of the enclosures, patches were connected by 1 m wide habitat corridors. Corridors facilitated movements, with males moving more than females. However, corridors did not result in an even distribution of animals in the four patches. Unconnected habitat patches resulted in female-biased juvenile dispersal, and females dispersed at a lower body mass than males in both connected and unconnected habitats. Males that did not disperse from their natal patch grew at a slower rate than those that did disperse. We conclude that movement was deterred in patchy environments, enhanced by corridors, and differentially affects males and females. Behavioral factors that affect an individual's dispersal or reproductive pattern should be considered in landscape design.

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Delattre, Thomas, Jacques Baudry, and Françoise Burel. "An onion-like movement corridor? Possible guidelines emerging from small-scale movement rules." Ecological Informatics 45 (May 2018): 48–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoinf.2018.03.006.

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Perkins, Jeremy Simon. "Take me to the River along the African drought corridor: Adapting to climate change." Botswana Journal of Agriculture and Applied Sciences 14, no. 1 (April 3, 2020): 60–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.37106/bojaas.2020.77.

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This paper brings together a wide range of concepts from climate change predictions, palaeoecology, wildlife ecology and sustainable livelihoods in order to prioritise adaptive management measures that are necessary for the conservation of the African megafauna. Climate change predictions emphasise the severe aridity that will surge into southern Africa later this century and must be contrasted with the relatively wetter conditions in eastern Africa. The evolution of African mammals and their adaptive responses to past episodes of climate change is explained by reference to range shifts and movements along Balinsky’s (1962) ‘drought corridor’ that extends from SW Africa northeastwards to Somalia and then westwards across the Saharan-Sahelian zone. The drought corridor today could potentially extend from Kenya southwestward through to Botswana/South Africa and Namibia, via connectivity corridors linking existing wildlife areas, forming the Kalahari-Rift Valley Transfrontier Conservation Landscape (KALARIVA TFCL). The most promising route along the drought corridor links the Chobe – Linyanti – Kwando river systems of Botswana/Namibia with Luangwa Valley in Northern Zambia, along the Zambezi River via Lake Kariba (Matsudonna and Mana Pools) in Zimbabwe. Malawi poses an absolute barrier to such connectivity and by the turn of this Century runs the risk of confining the area to the south almost entirely to the SW arid adapted fauna and that to the north to water dependent ungulates such as elephants, buffalo and zebra. The key movement corridors are identified in a bid to extend the spatial and temporal scale of conservation planning in order to adapt effectively to climate change. The importance of ‘co-existence’ between wildlife and people is emphasised together with the need for local communities to benefit from sharing the KALARIVA TFCL with African wildlife, via new models of conservation financing and management that reward rural African communities for being the true custodians of the African megafauna.

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Adams, Tempe S. F., Michael J. Chase, Tracey L. Rogers, and Keith E. A. Leggett. "Taking the elephant out of the room and into the corridor: can urban corridors work?" Oryx 51, no. 2 (May 6, 2016): 347–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605315001246.

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AbstractTransfrontier wildlife corridors can be successful conservation tools, connecting protected areas and reducing the impact of habitat fragmentation on mobile species. Urban wildlife corridors have been proposed as a potential mitigation tool to facilitate the passage of elephants through towns without causing conflict with urban communities. However, because such corridors are typically narrow and close to human development, wildlife (particularly large mammals) may be less likely to use them. We used remote-sensor camera traps and global positioning system collars to identify the movement patterns of African elephants Loxondonta africana through narrow, urban corridors in Botswana. The corridors were in three types of human-dominated land-use designations with varying levels of human activity: agricultural, industrial and open-space recreational land. We found that elephants used the corridors within all three land-use designations and we identified, using a model selection approach, that season, time of day and rainfall were important factors in determining the presence of elephants in the corridors. Elephants moved more slowly through the narrow corridors compared with their movement patterns through broader, wide-ranging corridors. Our results indicate that urban wildlife corridors are useful for facilitating elephants to pass through urban areas.

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Puspitasari, Ardiana Yuli, Eko Arief Budiarto, and Rachmat Mudiyono. "Location Analysis of City Public Transport Shelters in Commercial Corridors (Case Study: Jl. Dr. Wahidin, Pekalongan City)." Journal of Advanced Civil and Environmental Engineering 4, no. 1 (April 29, 2021): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/jacee.4.1.20-34.

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Dr. Wahidin Street is one of the important corridors in Pekalongan City and passed by the city's public transportation. When viewed the arrangement of land use in the vicinity, this corridor is dominated by trade, services, housing, education, and office activities. This makes the potential for population attraction and movement using public transportation modes in this road corridor relatively large. However, along the corridor, currently, only 1 (one) shelter is available, and it is rarely used by passengers. The main reason is that the distance to the existing shelter is too far. Currently, passenger boarding and disembarking activities are still carried out in any place so that they often obstruct traffic flow and endanger passengers. The purpose of this study is to determine the number and location of shelters to accommodate the needs of passengers in the corridor of Dr. Wahidin Street, Pekalongan. The analysis method in this research is a quantitative analysis using the Set Covering Problem and analysis tools using ArcGis and Lingo 8.0 software. The results showed that the number of shelters needed was 4 (four) units with 2 locations each in the West of the road (Dr. Wahidin Shelter and in front of PPIP Wholesale Market) and 2 in the East of the road (around the Pandu Shop and the Honda Dealer).

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Berger, Joel, Steven L. Cain, and Kim Murray Berger. "Connecting the dots: an invariant migration corridor links the Holocene to the present." Biology Letters 2, no. 4 (June 27, 2006): 528–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2006.0508.

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Numerous species undergo impressive movements, but due to massive changes in land use, long distance migration in terrestrial vertebrates has become a highly fragile ecological phenomenon. Uncertainty about the locations of past migrations and the importance of current corridors hampers conservation planning. Using archeological data from historic kill sites and modern methods to track migration, we document an invariant, 150 km (one-way) migration corridor used for at least 6000 years by North America's sole extant endemic ungulate. Pronghorn ( Antilocapra americana ) from the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, like other long distant migrants including Serengeti wildebeest ( Connochaetes taurinus ) and Arctic caribou ( Rangifer tarandus ), move nearly 50 km d −1 , but in contrast to these other species, rely on an invariant corridor averaging only 2 km wide. Because an entire population accesses a national park (Grand Teton) by passage through bottlenecks as narrow as 121 m, any blockage to movement will result in extirpation. Based on animation of real data coupled with the loss of six historic routes, alternative pathways throughout the 60 000 km 2 Yellowstone ecosystem are no longer available. Our findings have implications for developing strategies to protect long distance land migrations in Africa, Asia and North America and to prevent the disappearance of ecological phenomena that have operated for millennia.

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Lee, Soo-Ho, Won-Hwa Hong, Jun-Ho Choi, and In-Han Kim. "Analysis on Crowd Movement Behaviour in a One-way Corridor." Journal of the architectural institute of Korea planning & design 30, no. 12 (December 30, 2014): 255–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5659/jaik_pd.2014.30.12.255.

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Tischendorf, Lutz, and Christian Wissel. "Corridors as Conduits for Small Animals: Attainable Distances Depending on Movement Pattern, Boundary Reaction and Corridor Width." Oikos 79, no. 3 (September 1997): 603. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3546904.

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Shi, Wei, and Fu Sheng Gao. "Simulation of Smoke Movement in a Loop Corridor under Mechanical Exhaust with Compound Model." Applied Mechanics and Materials 475-476 (December 2013): 1459–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.475-476.1459.

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The mechanical smoke exhaust is as acknowledged as an effective smoke control manner by making use of some necessary exhaust facilities, also with more stability than natural exhaust. In this paper, the field model FDS (Fire Dynamic Simulator) with a combination of zone model CFAST (Consolidate Fire and Smoke Transport) were used to simulate the mechanical smoke exhaust in a loop corridor of the fire floor in a high-rise hotel, for the propose of evaluate fire safety of mechanical smoke exhaust. The mainly discussion was about the height of layer interface with the ceiling height changed, also with different smoke exhaust volume. The conclusions were obtained that, when two exhaust vents were set symmetrically in the loop corridor, the volume of smoke exhaust per unit area with 60m3/h according to regulations, always could ensure safety of smoke exhaust. The smoke exhausted worse within the corridor when ceiling height reduced. It was recommended that the ceiling lowest height limit should be provides in correlative regulation.

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Lynch, Amy J. "Creating Effective Urban Greenways and Stepping-stones: Four Critical Gaps in Habitat Connectivity Planning Research." Journal of Planning Literature 34, no. 2 (September 27, 2018): 131–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0885412218798334.

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Research in the field of ecology suggests that two main strategies, corridors and stepping-stones, can enhance urban habitat connectivity. While highly relevant to planning, no synthesis of this literature addresses planning research or implications. This review describes the effectiveness of corridor and stepping-stone strategies, actions that could enhance their ability to support animal movement, and the state of knowledge on connectivity planning, implementation, and outcomes. It concludes by identifying four significant gaps in our knowledge of planning for urban connectivity. Most critically, few studies assess the on-the-ground results of habitat connectivity planning and none examine the long-term outcomes.

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Wegge, Per, Shailendra Kumar Yadav, and Babu Ram Lamichhane. "Are corridors good for tigers Panthera tigris but bad for people? An assessment of the Khata corridor in lowland Nepal." Oryx 52, no. 1 (October 28, 2016): 35–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605316000661.

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AbstractAs part of a landscape-scale programme for conserving tigers Panthera tigris the Khata corridor was established between Bardia National Park in Nepal and Katarniaghat Wildlife Sanctuary in India in early 2000. We examined its functionality by comparing the status of tigers and prey in the corridor and in the adjacent National Park, using camera trapping, transect sampling and diet analysis of scats. Tiger movement was inferred from the photographs, and tiger–human conflict was assessed by means of questionnaires and interviews. The corridor harboured transient individuals as well as resident, breeding tigers. Tigers with core areas in the corridor were also recorded in the two protected areas, and vice versa. Wild prey was 3–4 times more abundant in the area of the National Park bordering the corridor than in the corridor itself, and domestic livestock constituted 12–15% of the tigers’ food in the corridor. Livestock losses and human fatalities or injuries were relatively low compared to within the buffer zones of the National Parks. Despite such problems and restrictions on grazing and extraction of natural resources, local residents were generally positive towards tigers and the corridor. The successful establishment of the corridor and the positive attitudes of local people were attributable to community development programmes initiated to compensate for the imposed restrictions, financed by the government and national and international organizations. By linking Bardia National Park and Katarniaghat Wildlife Sanctuary via the Khata corridor, a protected tiger landscape of c. 3,000 km2 was established in west-central Nepal and northern India.

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Alam, Mohammed, and Edward Fekpe. "Application of Geographic Information Systems Technology in Freight Data Analysis: Case Study of I-90/I-94 Corridor Analysis." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1625, no. 1 (January 1998): 173–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1625-22.

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Availability of adequate and relevant information in certain formats is important in the analysis of possible impact of policy relating to freight transportation. The application of geographic information system (GIS) technology is a valuable tool in integrating spatial data with other forms of data. Such integration in a visual format facilitates understanding of the interrelationships between variables and provides a better feel for the potential implications of any policy initiatives. The application of GIS techniques to freight movement in a corridor analysis is presented. The nature of trucking activities along the I-90/I-94 corridor from Seattle to Chicago and how these activities are influenced by truck size and weight (TS&W) regulations are investigated. The GIS approach allows the analyst or policy maker to address a range of what-if public policy questions. The policy questions for TS&W are complex and are beyond simply understanding the overall freight and transportation characteristics of the corridor. The database allows the analyst to visually understand freight movement on a given highway and forecast the probable outcome of changing certain rules and regulations that control such movement.

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Hartini, Dwi, and Jamilla Kautsary. "POLA PERGERAKAN “PASAR TIBAN” KOTA PEKALONGAN." Jurnal Planologi 14, no. 2 (January 7, 2019): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/jpsa.v14i2.3872.

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Community activities in the commercial sector have an impact on the economic development of the city which is the influence of the city development into a town center trade. one of which is the existence of market tiban. A consequently of market activity tiban cause problems such as disrupting the flow of traffic as well as general merchandise facilities held alongside a road or along the corridor on the right or left, so that it is distrub traffic flow. The purpose of this study to find patterns in the market movement tiban Pekalongan. In this study, use a qualitative descriptive approach rationalistic. To achieve the goal of the analysis is then performed 3 analyzes the spatial pattern of movement does not include time tiban market movements, modes of movement, and activity systems analysis contained in tiban market, analysis of spatial movement patterns include cross- sectional analysis of the road corridor, stall dimensions, system settings tiban market, and movement patterns tiban market, and analyzes the factors behind the choice of location which is distance tiban market location, location tiban traders in the market, the similarity of merchandise, consumer offerings, the number of visitors, and mindset. Based on the analysis the pattern of market movements in Pekalongan tiban following reasons traders in making trading location and tiban market always occur on the same day and location. The recommendations contained in this study the need for regulation and supervision of the government in market activity in Pekalongan to minimize the problems effect of market activity tiban. There needs to be awareness of traders and buyers in the market tiban activities to keep abreast of the prevailing order in Pekalongan. There a good management of community market tiban to be organized and able to maximize the benefits of market tiban as evening entertainment for the citizens of Pekalongan.

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Sabal, Megan C., Michelle L. Workman, Joseph E. Merz, and Eric P. Palkovacs. "Shade affects magnitude and tactics of juvenile Chinook salmon antipredator behavior in the migration corridor." Oecologia 197, no. 1 (August 5, 2021): 89–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00442-021-05008-4.

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AbstractEnvironmental conditions strongly affect antipredator behaviors; however, it is less known how migrating prey adjust antipredator behavior in migration corridors, in part, because active migrants are difficult to observe and study. Migrants are vulnerable and encounter many predators in the corridor, and their propensity to travel towards their destination ties antipredator behavior with movement. We evaluated how environmental risk cues in the migration corridor including in-water habitat structure (present, absent) and overhead shade (sun, shade), and salmon origin (hatchery, wild) affected how juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) reacted to a live predator. We measured how salmon react to predation risk as the difference in time to swim downstream through a 9.1-m long field enclosure with or without a live predatory largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). Shade significantly modified the reaction to the predator, and it did so in two ways. First, the magnitude of antipredator behavior was larger in shade compared to direct sun, which suggests salmon perceived shade to be a riskier environment than sun. Second, the escape tactic also varied; salmon slowed down to be cautious in shade and sped up in sun. Structure did not significantly affect behavior and hatchery and wild salmon behaved similarly. Our study suggests that environmental risk cues can shape the magnitude and tactics of how migrants react to predation risk and illustrates how these responses relate to movement with potential to scale up and affect migration patterns.

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Wahyudianto, Emil. "Analysis and Risk Study on Landslide Hazard Frequency at Road Corridor of Batu City – Kediri Regency Border." Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum 4, no. 3 (September 25, 2018): 265. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jcef.37446.

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Road corridor of Kota Batu – Kediri Regency Boundary is a provincial road that has a vital function for the economic and tourism movement from and to Batu City in East Java Province. This inter-regency road is historically vulnerable to disaster events such as landslide, Kali Konto flash flood, Kelud Mountain lahar, flood inundation, etc. This research was referred to Regulation of Ministry of Public Work No.22/PRT/M/2007 on Guidelines for Spatial Planning of Landslide Vulnerable Areas and helped with Geographic Information System (GIS). Method comparison was also conducted by Meiliana (2011) with the indicators from the same regulation, and by using Landslide Hazard Assessment (LHA) method that is based on historical data. The landslide risk mapping with LHA method that is combined with analysis result from the vulnerability of moving vehicles is suggested to be the reference in mapping the mass-movement disaster risk on Indonesian road corridors. Analysis on frequency of rainfall that triggered landslide concluded that the probability of landslide occurrence (PLO) on daily rainfall was 126.2 mm, or 3 days-cumulative rainfall of 192.26 mm.

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Geoerg, Paul, Jette Schumann, Stefan Holl, and Anja Hofmann. "The Influence of Wheelchair Users on Movement in a Bottleneck and a Corridor." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2019 (June 20, 2019): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9717208.

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Emergency exits as bottlenecks in escape routes are important for designing traffic facilities. Particularly, the capacity estimation is a crucial performance criterion for assessment of pedestrians’ safety in built environments. For this reason, several studies were performed during the last decades which focus on the quantification of movement through corridors and bottlenecks. These studies were usually conducted with populations of homogeneous characteristics to reduce influencing variables and for reasons of practicability. Studies which consider heterogeneous characteristics in performance parameters are rarely available. In response and to reduce this lack of data a series of well-controlled large-scale movement studies considering pedestrians using different types of wheelchairs was carried out. As a result it is shown that the empirical relations ρ¯(v¯) and Js¯(ρ¯) are strongly affected by the presence of participants with visible disabilities (such as wheelchair users). We observed an adaption of the overall movement speeds to the movement speeds of participants using a wheelchair, even for low densities and free flow scenarios. Flow and movement speed are in a complex relation and do not depend on density only. In our studies, the concept of specific flow fits for the nondisabled subpopulation but it is not valid for scenario considering wheelchair users in the population.

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Leopold, Christina R., and Steven C. Hess. "Corridor- and stopover-use of the Hawaiian goose (Branta sandvicensis), an intratropical altitudinal migrant." Journal of Tropical Ecology 30, no. 1 (December 13, 2013): 67–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467413000783.

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Abstract:We outfitted six male Hawaiian geese, or nene (Branta sandvicensis), with 45-g solar-powered satellite transmitters and collected four location coordinates d−1 from 2010 to 2012. We used 6193 coordinates to characterize migration corridors, habitat preferences and temporal patterns of displacement for 16 migration events with Brownian bridge utilization distributions (BBUD). We used 1552 coordinates to characterize stopovers from 37 shorter-distance movement events with 25% BBUDs. Two subpopulations used a well-defined common migration corridor spanning a broad gradient of elevation. Use of native-dominated subalpine shrubland was 2.81 times more likely than the availability of this land-cover type. The nene differed from other tropical and temperate-zone migrant birds in that: (1) migration distance and the number of stopovers were unrelated (Mann–Whitney test W = 241, P < 0.006), and; (2) individual movements were not unidirectional suggesting that social interactions may be more important than refuelling en route; but like other species, nene made more direct migrations with fewer stopovers in return to breeding areas (0.58 ± 0.50) than in migration away from breeding areas (1.64 ± 0.48). Our findings, combined with the direction and timing of migration, which is opposite that of most other intratropical migrants, suggest fundamentally different drivers of altitudinal migration.

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Kushnarev, Aleksey, Sergey Schitov, and Evgeniy Kuznetsov. "STUDY OF ROTATION KINEMATICS OF MULTI-LINK TRACTOR AND TRANSPORTATION UNITS WITH DEVICES CORRECTING THE WIDTH OF THE TRANSPORTATION CORRIDOR." Tekhnicheskiy servis mashin 1, no. 142 (January 2021): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.22314/2618-8287-2020-59-1-65-71.

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The efficiency of the tractor-transport unit is largely due to its mobility, which in turn depends on many interrelated factors, such as handling, stability of movement and agility. One of the most important factors is the turnability, which ensures the ability of the tractor-transport unit to perform curved movement efficiently and safely. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in increasing the efficiency of the tractor-transport unit by using multi-link tractor trains. (Materials and methods) The main deterrent to the use of multi-link tractor trains in the Russian Federation is the increase in the overall width of the turn lane. The article presents a device that allows you to adjust the turning radius of the second trailer in order to optimize the width of the transport corridor. By changing the point of connection of the links in the turn, the movement is stabilized and the width of the transport corridor of the second link (trailer) is adjusted when moving. The article presents parameters of maneuverability of the tractor-transport train. (Results and discussion) The article presents the results of theoretical and experimental studies of the influence of the design and technological parameters of the proposed device on the maneuverability parameters of multi-link tractor-transport units. (Conclusions) The use of a towing-distributing device allows optimizing the width of the transport corridor of a multi-link tractor-transport unit by changing the turning radius of the second trailer.

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Li, Shiwei, and Huimin Niu. "Simulation of Bi-direction Pedestrian Movement in Corridor Based on Crowd Space." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 138 (July 2014): 323–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.07.210.

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Ji, Xiangfeng, Jian Zhang, Yongkai Hu, and Bin Ran. "Pedestrian movement analysis in transfer station corridor: Velocity-based and acceleration-based." Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 450 (May 2016): 416–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2015.12.139.

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Chow, W. K., and R. Yin. "Numerical Verification of Scaling Laws for Smoke Movement in Room-Corridor Structure." Journal of Architectural Engineering 4, no. 2 (June 1998): 52–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1076-0431(1998)4:2(52).

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Sathish, Dhivya, and Archana P. S. "A Study On Change In Mode Of Transport From Road To Rail And It’s Impact On Logistics Provider On Road." Restaurant Business 118, no. 4 (April 15, 2019): 76–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.26643/rb.v118i4.7644.

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The purpose of this paper is to explore these changes in transportation from road to rail and to show the impact on the logistics providers who completely relay on road. The dedicated freight corridor a newly launched railway project which is under construction guarantee the movement efficient, reliable, safe and cheaper then road. The DFC is designed to be the best logistics solution for customers. DFC is the eco friendly operation since it’s a government project we have to support and welcome the solutions offered in order to help in growing are economic health and wealth. This results show the change in mode of transportation how it helps in reducing the transit time, how to reduce the movement of vehicle in operation and save money, how much of cost benefit is there in using the newly proposed corridor.

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Hendrawan, Christianto, and Yohanes Basuki Dwisusanto. "Active Concept in Pedestrian Design." ARTEKS : Jurnal Teknik Arsitektur 2, no. 1 (December 1, 2017): 15–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.30822/arteks.v2i1.38.

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In recent times, there’s an active living design trend in cities around the world, giving chances for people to actively move inside the city, making city healthier. Active Living can occur within pedestrian way along shopping street corridor which has potential to move shoppers from one store to another through walking. Pedestrian way along shop corridor are potentially attractive for people move around inside the city. The purpose of this study is to give us information about how far active living concept has been implemented within L. L. R. E. Martadinata street. The information and analysis can be use for further development in pedestrian way design. Our study conducted through analyzing existing active design problems along with literature studies about active living in design. Within the study, we conclude that L. L. R. E. Martadinata Street hasn’t quite well providing active living movement for shopping street pedestrian way. Pedestrian way has become uncomfortable, for people to walk from store to store within street corridor. There’s a missing value about active living, where people rather use automobile than actively moving along street corridor.

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Saputra, Isro, and F. A. Nabila. "Prediction of Land Use Change Due to Light Rail Transit (LRT) Development in Palembang." TATALOKA 22, no. 1 (January 31, 2020): 124–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/tataloka.22.1.124-129.

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Light rail transit (LRT) is an effective transportation in serving the needs of movement in urban area that can increase commercial land uses. The first construction of LRT in Palembang started in 2015 which became one of the national priority projects in Indonesia. The development had an impact on land use change around the LRT corridor. This paper attempts to identify land use change due to LRT development in Palembang. This study used an explorative approach to develop an understanding of land use change due to the development of LRT and Markov-cellular automata model to predict the change. The results of this study indicated that the prediction of land use change in 2025 around the LRT corridor tends to shift more into commercial land use, this will increase investment from commercial activities in the Palembang LRT Corridor.

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Susanto, Muhamad Iqbal. "Kedudukan Hukum People Power dan Relevansinya dengan Hak Kebebasan Berpendapat di Indonesia." Volksgeist: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Konstitusi 2, no. 2 (December 13, 2019): 225–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.24090/volksgeist.v2i2.2844.

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This article is here to examine the legal position of People Power which is associated with the constitutional movement considering that interpretations relating to People Power in Indonesia are still very diverse. The writing method used is the deductive method. This article concludes that People Power is synonymous with the spread of propaganda both through social media, demonstrations, and the greater emphasis on resources mobilized. Then People Power if it is related to constitutional rights based on Article 28 of the 1945 Constitution, concerning association and assembly, expressing thoughts verbally and in writing. Of course as long as it is still in the corridor mandated by the 1945 Constitution, the People Power in question is considered constitutional activity. But on the contrary if the people power is outside the corridor of the 1945 Constitution, where the intended People Power is intended to overthrow by force a legitimate government, then it will automatically be considered as an unconstitutional movement.

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Kim, Woon Hyung, Chang Geun Yang, Gun Mo Yang, Woo In Joung, and Jong Hoon Kim. "A Video Analysis of Movement Speed and Density of People in Building Corridor." Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation 18, no. 3 (April 30, 2018): 167–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.9798/kosham.2018.18.3.167.

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Kim, Woon Hyung, Gyu Hong Lee, and Jong Hoon Kim. "Measurement of the Movement Speed and Density of People on a Building Corridor." Fire Science and Engineering 31, no. 1 (February 28, 2017): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.7731/kifse.2017.31.1.036.

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Zhang, Xiaotao, Lingling Du, Yue Zhang, and Guihong Pei. "Smoke movement analysis in an inner corridor building with vents on the stairwell." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 510 (July 14, 2020): 052097. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/510/5/052097.

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Jackson, Stephen M., Mark Parsons, Marcus Baseler, and David Stanton. "Landscape management of the mahogany glider (Petaurus gracilis) across its distribution: subpopulations and corridor priorities." Australian Mammalogy 42, no. 2 (2020): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am19010.

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Key threatening processes to biodiversity include habitat loss and fragmentation, with populations restricted to small fragments of habitat being more prone to extinction. The mahogany glider (Petaurus gracilis) is endemic to sclerophyll woodland forests between Tully and Ingham in north Queensland and is one of Australia’s most endangered arboreal mammals due to these processes. The aim of this study was to identify the degree of habitat fragmentation of the remaining remnant vegetation of the mahogany glider, identify subpopulations within its distribution and identify key wildlife corridors for restoration to facilitate the movement of this species within and between subpopulations. Ten glider subpopulations, spread over 998 habitat fragments, were identified, of which only five subpopulations may currently be considered to be viable. To assist in providing habitat connectivity between and within the subpopulations, 55 corridors were identified for restoration that had an average length of 8.25 km. The average number of gaps greater than 30 m was 3.4 per corridor, with the average length of these gaps being 523 m. This study confirmed a high degree of habitat fragmentation across the distribution of the mahogany glider and highlighted the need to strengthen the remaining subpopulations by restoring habitat connectivity between the remaining habitat fragments.

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Кураксин, A. Kuraksin, Шемякин, and A. Shemyakin. "ANALYSIS OF THE INTENSITY AND COMPOSITION OF TRAFFIC FLOWS IN THE CITY CENTER RYAZAN." Alternative energy sources in the transport-technological complex: problems and prospects of rational use of 3, no. 1 (March 16, 2016): 259–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/17852.

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The article presents the description of the experimental research of the intensity of traffic flow, held at the UDS of the city of Ryazan. The paper shows the technique of research of a num-ber of controlled intersections to identify clock irregularities in the intensity of movement when moving along the transport corridor.

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Fedorenko, Roman V. "Problems of developing the customs and logistics infrastructure of the East-West International Transport Corridor." RUDN Journal of Economics 28, no. 3 (December 15, 2020): 491–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2329-2020-28-3-491-504.

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The aim of this work is to identify key aspects of the impact of customs and logistics infrastructure on patterns of change in trade between the countries participating in the East-West International Transport Corridor. Author identifies factors that have the greatest impact on the volume of freight traffic and highlights the prospects for the development of foreign trade cooperation. The article describes the main problems hindering the full use of the transit potential of the transport corridor, and indicates areas for improving its transport and customs and logistics infrastructure. The relevance of the studied problem is due to the increased interest of the participating countries of the East-West International Transport Corridor to its further development and increase in mutual trade. The scientific significance of this problem is due to the need for an integrated approach to forming the framework of the international transport corridor, combining terminal-warehouse infrastructure, a customs administration system and a range of services arranged by logistics providers and customs intermediaries. Currently, there is no comprehensive understanding of the processes of organizing the movement of international goods flows. This combined understanding should unite issues of customs escort, development of terminal handling of goods, embedding the existing logistics infrastructure in the international transport corridor and ensuring the attractiveness of this route both for foreign companies using it as a transit route and for enterprises aimed at exporting their products.

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Khazheeva, Mariia A., and Ekaterina A. Bondarchuk. "Economic connectivity of international transport corridor projects and the trans-Siberian railway." SHS Web of Conferences 112 (2021): 00031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202111200031.

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The development of Russia’s foreign economic potential in the current conditions of globalization is inextricably linked with the assessment of the prospects for implementing the country’s transport and infrastructure potential. The importance of transport in the conditions of increasing instability of the world economy is a factor in the sustainability of the national economy. Implementing a cluster approach to the development of an efficient and modern transport and logistics infrastructure will help to accelerate the movement of goods and reduce costs in international trade, as well as the consistent integration of the country’s transport system into the global network of international transport corridors. Hence, the Trans-Siberian Railway occupies a leading place in the Russian state policy on the formation of international transport corridors of latitudinal striking. The Trans-Siberian Railway’s ability to provide international transit container transportation as an alternative to the traditional sea route is being considered. In this regard, consideration of the prospects for integrating the projects of international transport corridors with the participation of the Trans-Siberian Railway is most relevant. This article discusses both economic, technological and political factors that influence the potential effectiveness of this project. The prospect for the development and integration of the Trans-Siberian Railway with the Trans-Korean Railway leads to the creation of an effective transport corridor for the foreign trade of the countries of Southeast Asia and Europe, primarily the Republic of Korea with the EU countries, as well as with Russia. Analysis of the foreign trade turnover of these participants of economic cooperation shows the perspective of dynamics and the huge potential of foreign trade. Attention is focused, on the one hand, on the competitive advantages of the Trans-Siberian Railway, including an increase in throughput capacity, which is largely due to the use of the polygon management model.

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Kushnarev, A. N., E. E. Kuznetsov, S. V. Shchitov, V. G. Evdokimov, and E. I. Reshetnik. "Optimization of the width of the transportation corridor of tractor trains for agricultural purpose." E3S Web of Conferences 262 (2021): 01004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126201004.

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The main works related to the production and transportation of crop production take place in the Amur region in conditions when the surface of the movement has a weak carrying capacity, which imposes additional requirements on transport units to increase their traction-chain properties.So the issue of exporting crop products from the fields is important and relevant both for peasant farms (PF) and for private farms. The use of multi-link tractor trains (MTU) in the region is limited by a significant deterrent, such as the increase in the width of the transport corridor in turns. Why the issue of increasing the efficiency of the ICC should be considered both in the direction of increasing traction-chain properties, and at the same time optimizing the width of the transport corridor when it moves. The proposed article provides theoretical, experimental research and experience with the use of the designer and scientific novelty, designed to enhance traction-clutch properties and reduce the width of the MTU corridor in an arbitrary turn.

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Ruefenacht, Bonnie, and Richard L. Knight. "Influences of corridor continuity and width on survival and movement of deermice Peromyscus maniculatus." Biological Conservation 71, no. 3 (1995): 269–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0006-3207(94)00036-p.

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Huo, Fei Zhou, Wei Guo Song, Wei Lv, and K. M. Liew. "Simulation of Pedestrian Flow on Floor-Stair Interface Using an Extended Lattice Gas Model." Applied Mechanics and Materials 444-445 (October 2013): 1550–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.444-445.1550.

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In this paper, an extended lattice gas model is proposed to simulate pedestrian flow on floor-stair interface by considering inner-side walking preference, turning behavior and different desired speeds. The effects of different injection rates for pedestrians from corridor on the mean velocity and occupancy are investigated, and the merging behavior, which happened on floor-stair interface, is analyzed. The simulation results show that the extended model can reproduce some essential features of pedestrian flow on stairs, such as transition of movement state at higher injection rate, merging behavior on floor-stair interface. The effects of two kind of typical structures of the floor-stair interface on pedestrian merging behavior are discussed, and merging process simulated by the model appears biased to that the corridor is connected opposite to the incoming stair.

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McCormick, Stephen D., Lars P. Hansen, Thomas P. Quinn, and Richard L. Saunders. "Movement, migration, and smolting of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 55, S1 (January 1, 1998): 77–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/d98-011.

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A variety of movements characterize the behavioral plasticity of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in fresh water, including movements of fry from redds, establishment of feeding territories, spawning movements of sexually mature male parr, movement to and from winter habitat, and smolt migration in spring. Smolting is an adaptive specialization for downstream migration, seawater entry, and marine residence. While still in fresh water, smolts become silvery and streamlined, lose their positive rheotaxis and territoriality, and begin schooling. Physiological changes include increased salinity tolerance, olfactory sensitivity, metabolic rate, scope for growth, and altered hemoglobin and visual pigments. Through their impact on the neuroendocrine system, photoperiod and temperature regulate physiological changes, whereas temperature and water flow may initiate migration. Smolt survival is affected by a limited period of readiness (a physiological "smolt window") and the timing of seawater entry with environmental conditions such as temperature, food, and predators (an ecological "smolt window"). Smolt development is adversely affected by acidity, pollutants, and improper rearing conditions, and is often more sensitive than other life stages. Unfortunately, the migration corridor of smolts (mainstems of rivers and estuaries) are the most heavily impacted by pollution, dams, and other anthropogenic activities that may be directly lethal or increase mortality by delaying or inhibiting smolt migration.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Corridor of movement'

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