Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Corrosion – Effets du dioxyde de soufre'
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Zerouki, Alain. "Corrosion de revêtements d'alliages M-CrAlY par le soufre vapeur et le dioxyde de soufreTexte imprimé." Dijon, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985DIJOS043.
Full textMorel, Jean-Michel. "Rôle de la structuration des patines formées sur acier autopatinable vis-àvis de la résistance à la corrosion atmosphérique : Influence de la diminution des teneurs en SO2 dans les atmosphères post-industrielles." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LAROS015.
Full textThe aim of this work was to determine the extent to which the drastic reduction in SO2 levels in postindustrial atmospheres affected the corrosion kinetics of weathering steels as well as their morphology, chemical composition and crystallographic structure. The experiments covered a wide spectrum of steel grades, exposure time and conditions of formation of these patinas. The structuring of the patinas has been studied with in particular the implementation of cryogenic fractography as well as the kinetics corrosion monitoring. Corrosion products formed on weathering steels or on conventional steels have a similar structuration consisting of a layer of laminated lepidocrocite over denser and more protective corrosion products, usually goethite. These products extend up to forming a relatively homogeneous protective layer. The analysis of the defects of the patinas suggests a very close relation between their density and the corrosion rate. Alloying elements would then play a role in reducing these defects but the exact mechanisms remain to be established. All these results have led to questioning the parameters of the predictive corrosion resistance model of the ISO 9223 standard because they are not adapted to environments with very low level of SO2. They also made it possible to propose an alternative and on destructive method of monitoring the corrosion’s performance of low-alloy steels, this family encompassing so-called weathering steels
Dawi, Kamel. "Corrosion à haute température de fontes GS à matrice ferritique et austénitique sous atmosphères complexes." Compiègne, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009COMP1803.
Full textDjoudjou, Rachid. "Influence des espèces soufrées sur la corrosion par piqûre des aciers inoxydables et sur son inhibition par les ions molybdate." Compiègne, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993COMPD598.
Full textGosselin, Catherine. "Inhalation d'anhydride sulfureux et pathologie respiratoire : à propos d'un cas d'inhalation aiguë accidentelle survenu en milieu de travail (CHR de Caen)." Caen, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990CAEN3103.
Full textJouen, Samuel. "Corrosion du cuivre, du nickel et de l'étain au contact de polluants atmosphériques." Rouen, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ROUES070.
Full textThis study gives on the one hand, an overall view of the copper, nickel and tin corrosion exposed in various outdoor atmospheres, on the other hand, some considerations on the setting of the technical device allowing normalised indoor corrosion tests with four pollutant gas (SO₂, NO₂, H₂S et Cl₂). A multi-analytical approach was chosen to characterise the corrosion products, combining physical and chemical techniques, that give qualitative and quantitative informations. Corrosion of copper is uniform and the corrosion layer consists of a complex mixture rich in copper (I) oxide and copper sulfates. With the nickel, we are able to show a pitting corrosion mechanism, in which there is formation of nickel sulfates and nickel chlorines corrosion products in the pit and a nickel carbonate all around. Tin corrosion is heterogeneous with formation of clusters composed of several corrosion products, in which an amorphous stannic hydrated oxide is the main phase. Atmospheric precipitations have an essential impact on the copper corrosion rate, and more again on the nickel one. Ozone concentration in air appears also as an essential parameter, which must be taken into account to understand the corrosion mechanism. As part of the accelerated corrosion test in laboratory, we have shown a catalytic effect of the stainless steel exposure chamber, on the chemical reactions between gas. The effect of the concentration ratio H₂S/Cl₂ in copper, nickel and tin corrosion have been also studied
Mathieu, Christian. "Corrosion à haute température d'un alliage Ni20Cr et d'un superalliage Ni15Cr8Fe par le dioxyde de soufre : étude de l'influence des contraintes externes." Dijon, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991DIJOS017.
Full textDuhail, Céline. "La pourriture du raisin : facteurs de sélection des micro-organismes dominants et incidences œnologiques." Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR20670.
Full textElbouazzaoui, Sanaâ. "Effets du soufre sur des catalyseurs de type "piège à NOx" à base de baryum et (ou) d'oxydes réductibles." Poitiers, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005POIT2256.
Full textNyassi, Abdelhamid. "Contribution à l'étude du comportement d'un alliage ferritique dans des milieux gazeux complexes (oxydant-sulfurant) à haute température." Dijon, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985DIJOS030.
Full textMalka, Pascale. "Étude en chambres à ciel ouvert, des effets de doses subnécrotiques d'ozone et de dyoxide de soufre sur la croissance et le fonctionnement stomatique de Picea abies." Paris 12, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA120053.
Full textGuillou-Largeteau, Isabelle. "Etude de substances de faible poids moléculaire combinant le dioxyde de soufre dans les vins blancs issus de vendange botrytisée : mise en évidence et importance du rôle de l'hydroxypropanedial." Bordeaux 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR20425.
Full textBarbe, Jean-Christophe. "La combinaison du dioxyde de soufre dans les moûts et vins issus de raisins botrytisés : rôle des bactéries acétiques." Bordeaux 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR20745.
Full textLaborde, Jean-Louis. "Contribution à l'étude des phénomènes d'oxydation dans les vins rouges : rôle joué par l'anhydride sulfureux." Bordeaux 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987BOR20160.
Full textNguyen, Thi-Phuong. "Etude des effets de la pollution atmosphérique sur la dégradation de la gélatine photographique." Rouen, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ROUES101.
Full textMalka, Pascale. "Etude en chambres à ciel ouvert des effets de doses sunécrotiques d'ozone et de dioxyde de soufre sur la croissance et le fonctionnement stomatique de Picea abies." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37615594b.
Full textStock, Pierre-Côme. "Etude de revêtements métalliques pour la protection des surchauffeurs d'usines d'incinération de déchets urbains." Nancy 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000NAN10076.
Full textAt present, the combustion of household refuse in incineration plants leads to the forming of gas such as HC1 and SO2, which are very corrosive to the installation. Industrials today tend to use protective coating, less expensive than solid materials. This study is thus focused on this particular aspect, and is structured in three parts. In a first phase, a physico-chemical characterization of 8 coatings was carried out, which consisted of a thorough metallographic study (chemical composition, microstructure, hardness, porosity. . . ) of the various coatings deposited on low carbon steel. In a second phase, all the coatings were tested in a corrosion known as "stand by" ( a corrosion due to the rehydratation of deposits and the condensation of corrosive gas. )This study was carried out through the standard electrochemical methods, in a acid environment highly concentrated in chlorides, simulating the conditions met by the industries. In a same type of conditions the influence of the oxydes obtained after differents thermals processings (variations in the temperature and the durations) were studied. This study thus allowed us to determine which oxides give the best protection against this type of corrosion. Finally, a protocol for testing the various coatings in incineration conditions has been completed. For this purpose, three temperatures and two gas composition were used. The coatings were embedded in incinerator deposits and tested in those conditions. After these tests, the observations of the samples allowed us to go back to the degradation mechanisms and to establish a classification. This classification seems to be in good agreements with industrials tests realized in plants
Chaabouni, Henda. "Étude par spectroscopie infrarouge de l'ozone et du dioxyde de soufre adsorbés sur la surface de la glace ou piégés dans son volume entre 10 et 170 k. Effets d'irradiation à 266 nm sur le mélange O3 + SO2 piégé en matrice d'argon ou dans la glace." Paris 6, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA066230.
Full textFoucart, Brice. "Observation et modélisation de la Formation de Nouvelles Particules (FNP) au sein du panache volcanique du Piton de la Fournaise." Thesis, La Réunion, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LARE0014/document.
Full textVolcanic activity can be a natural source of air pollution. This pollution can lead to a deterioration in air quality, affect human health and disrupt aviation safety. The Piton de la Fournaise in Reunion Island is one of the most active basaltic volcanoes in the world. Its sporadic eruptions generate volcanic plumes consisting mainly of gases and nanoparticles that spread in the atmosphere. During the day, a part of the sulphur dioxide can be oxidized to sulphuric acid thanks to oxidants production (photolysis). H2SO4molecules tend to react with atmospheric water molecules and form clusters via homogeneous binary nucleation. Then, these clusters grow by condensation and/or coagulation processes leading to the formation of a submicronic volcanic aerosol. This thesis aims to observe, understand and model the New Particle Formation (NPF) processes within volcanic plumes. Consequently, it is organized in two parts. The first is based on the data gathered during the multidisciplinary STRAP campaign conducted at both the Maïdo Observatory and Piton de la Fournaise volcano in 2015. It presents the results from a dual analysis of the NPF events frequency and intensity at the observatory. While the first analysis focuses on processes in the absence of the volcanic plume, the second highlights the specificities of the NPF related to the presence of the plume at Maïdo. The second part focuses on 0D then 3D NPF processes modelling within volcanic plumes via the Meso-NH atmospheric model
El, Hassan Jinane. "Evaluation fiabiliste de l'impact des facteurs climatiques sur la corrosion des poutres en béton armé : application au cas libanais." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CLF22064/document.
Full textWhen exposed to aggressive environment, reinforced concrete structures are subject to a degradation mechanism that affects their integrity. Among various environmental attacks, the corrosion of RC structures is considered the most dangerous. The process is launched by the penetration of aggressive agents, precisely the chlorides and carbon dioxide into the concrete. The chlorides induce a localized corrosion, also called pitting corrosion, while on the other hand the carbon dioxide leads to a general corrosion called uniform corrosion. This corrosion phenomenon depends on several factors such as the materials characteristics,loadings, geometry and the environment. All these components include different levels of uncertainties that are taken into account throughout a probabilistic approach. In this work, we propose two models for the corrosion mechanisms induced separately by the chlorides and the carbon dioxide. These models take into account the effect of the climatic condition that is mainly described by the temperature and the relative humidity. In addition to that, as a study case we have treated in details the Lebanese climatic context. We have proposed a physical model of steel corrosion in reinforced concrete beams that occurs in two phases : - An initiation phase where aggressive agents like the chlorides and carbon dioxide penetrate into the concrete and reach a critical concentration values causing the depassivation of the steel ; - A propagation phase in which the active corrosion of steel decreases the strength of the beam leading to its failure. All the factors that have uncertainties are treated as random variables. Several probabilistic models are listed and discussed in the literature while only the models that match with our context are selected. The reliability analysis allowed us to assess the reliability of beams subjected to corrosion in ULS and SLS. The loss of steel section due to the corrosion mechanism induces a decrease of the bearing beam capacity, and an increase in the tension stress in the concrete.This causes an increase of the width of cracks openings. Thus, taking into account the serviceability limit state, the safety margin goes to zero when the width of crack opening exceeds the acceptable width as recommended by the Eurocode 2. The limit state function in ULS is the bending strength. The failure occurs when the applied moment equals or surpasses the resisting moment. The reliability calculations are carried out using Monte-Carlo simulations. Finally, several applications to the corrosion model are proposed via this work. The first application concerns the sensitivity analysis of the corrosion models for the different parameters. The effects of the mean values and the variability of the random variables on the model response are also examined. The impact of climatic factors on the corrosion phenomenon took the biggest part of this work. We have applied the chloride’s corrosion model with the real temperatures and relative humidity of three coastal cities having different climatic characteristics. Then a comparative study showing the effect of the ba rdiameters and the cover thickness on the reliability of the RC beam subjected to aggressive environment is carried out. (...)
Zindine, El Mostafa. "Etude de la résistance à la corrosion de quelques métaux et alliages susceptibles d'être utilisés en connectique sans traitement de surface préalable." Besançon, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987BESA2029.
Full textPlennevaux, Cécile. "Etude des risques de corrosion et de rupture différée des aciers en présence d'H2S dans les conditions d'exploration de pétrole et de gaz à haute pression et haute température." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ISAL0101.
Full textThe production of high pressure (HP) and high temperature (HT) wells has considerably increased in the last decade. It is therefore needed to reassess the risks of corrosion in always more severe environments. This work was three fold to better assess the risk of Sulfide Stress Cracking (SSC) in these environments. Firstly, there was a need to improve prediction methods for the evaluation of HP/HT environments severity, especially the in situ pH calculation. A model was which taking into account the non-ideal behaviour of gas and liquid phases in equilibrium. The determination of the in situ pH and the acid gas fugacity at high pressure and high temperature is more accurate. In a second part of the work, the impact of CO2 partial pressure (PCO2) on surface reactions and hence on the risk of SSC was examined. Electrochemical and hydrogen permeation measurements in the absence of an iron sulphide film showed that CO2 induces an increase of both cathodic reactions kinetics and hydrogen charging in the steel, especially at low H2S partial pressure (PH2S). In the last part of this work, SSC tests were performed at constant pH and constant PH2S, with various PCO2 from 0 to 100 bar. The objective was to experimentally confirm that increasing PCO2 increases the SSC risk, as inferred from the electrochemical study. Unfortunately, experimental artefacts linked with autoclave test conditions did not lead to clear conclusions on this point. However, this work shows that conventional tools might lead to underestimate SSC risks at high PCO2 and low PH2S. In these specific conditions, the new results presented in this report may contribute to improve materials selection criteria for high pressure and high temperature conditions
Durand, Jonathan. "Modélisation de la dynamique et de l'évolution physico-chimique des gaz volcaniques lors de l'éruption d'avril 2007 du Piton de la Fournaise." Thesis, La Réunion, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LARE0004/document.
Full textSulphur dioxide (SO2) is one of the main gases emitted during volcanic eruptions. The Reunion Island experienced its biggest eruption of Piton de la Fournaise Volcano during April 2007 and this event degassed more than 230 kt of SO2. Theses emissions led to important health issues, accompanied by environmental and infrastructure degradations. SO2 measurements made by the ORA noted higher concentrations than the critical threshold for health but not to periods when the eruption was the most intense. Our study is to use the atmospheric mesoscale model Meso-NH to simulate the transport of SO2 between 2 and 7April, with a focus on the influence of heat flow from lava flows. Three domains are nested from 2km to 100m of horizontal resolution. This modeling study torque simultaneously (i) atmospheric dynamics of mesoscale Meso-NH, (ii) a chemistry module in the gas phase and aqueous phase, and (iii) a surface model simulating a lava flow spread. All flow (heat,vapor, SO2, CO2 and HCl) are triggered online and are function of the dynamics of thepropagation front. Our simulations reproduce the observations of surface concentrations of SO2 for that period and various sensitivity analyzes show that the sulfur distribution was mainly controlled by the lava heat flow. The latest simulations include the modeling of the Laze plume when the lava meet the sea. Finally, two sensitivity tests were performed on the day of April 5 to analyze the dynamic interactions between convections: the crater andover the lava (sensible heat flux) and at the entry of lava into the sea (latent heat flux)
Salma, Mohammad. "Etude et caractérisation de l'état " Viable mais Non Cultivable " chez Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00973496.
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