Relevant bibliographies by topics / Corrosion in the conditions of sulfate reduction

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers
  5. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Corrosion in the conditions of sulfate reduction'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 30 May 2022
Last updated: 31 May 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Corrosion in the conditions of sulfate reduction"

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Enning, Dennis, and Julia Garrelfs. "Corrosion of Iron by Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria: New Views of an Old Problem." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 80, no. 4 (2013): 1226–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02848-13.

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ABSTRACTAbout a century ago, researchers first recognized a connection between the activity of environmental microorganisms and cases of anaerobic iron corrosion. Since then, such microbially influenced corrosion (MIC) has gained prominence and its technical and economic implications are now widely recognized. Under anoxic conditions (e.g., in oil and gas pipelines), sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) are commonly considered the main culprits of MIC. This perception largely stems from three recurrent observations. First, anoxic sulfate-rich environments (e.g., anoxic seawater) are particularly co
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Nicoletti, Danika, Mohita Sharma, and Lisa M. Gieg. "Assessing Microbial Corrosion Risk on Offshore Crude Oil Production Topsides under Conditions of Nitrate and Nitrite Treatment for Souring." Microorganisms 10, no. 5 (2022): 932. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10050932.

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Oilfield souring is a detrimental effect caused by sulfate-reducing microorganisms that reduce sulfate to sulfide during their respiration process. Nitrate or nitrite can be used to mitigate souring, but may also impart a corrosion risk. Produced fluids sampled from the topside infrastructure of two floating, production, storage, and offloading (FPSO) vessels (Platform A and Platform B) were assessed for microbial corrosion under nitrate and nitrite breakthrough conditions using microcosm tests incubated at 54 °C. Microbial community compositions on each individual FPSO were similar, while tho
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Vyšvařil, Martin, and Markéta Rovnaníková. "Study of Fine-Grained Composites Exposed to Sulfuric Acid and Sodium Sulfate." Applied Mechanics and Materials 827 (February 2016): 275–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.827.275.

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The degradation of concrete due to ingress of sulfate ions from the environment plays an important role in the durability of concrete constructions, especially in sewage collection systems where concrete sewer pipes are exposed to sulfates from waste water and from biogenic activity of bacteria. During this process the pH of the surface of concrete sewer pipes is reduced and it may lead to the steel depassivation and results in the corrosion of steel reinforcement. Damage due to sulfate interaction can result in the cracking and softening, with loss of strength of concrete. This paper is focus
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Boontian, Nittaya. "Effect of Zero Valent Iron (ZVI) in Wastewater Treatment: A Review." Applied Mechanics and Materials 775 (July 2015): 180–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.775.180.

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Cathodic hydrogen was produced in the presence of anaerobic zero valent iron (ZVI) corrosion by water. It can enhance microbial denitrification to convert nitrate to N2O and N2. Autotrophic denitrifying growth on ZVI can enhance nitrate removal. Results showed that by increasing nitrate removal rates, innocuous gases (N2O and N2) are produced rather than ammonium. Using steel wool with a small specific surface area instead of powdered ZVI, pH was not significantly increased. Little pH change was caused by corrosion. This is a positive condition for autotrophic denitrifying bacteria. ZVI was us
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Choung, Y. K., and S. J. Jeon. "Phosphorus removal in domestic wastewater using anaerobic fixed beds packied with iron contactors." Water Science and Technology 41, no. 1 (2000): 241–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2000.0035.

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The objective of this study is to develop an alternative phosphorus removal system for small-scale plants disposing domestic wastewater. In order to promote anaerobic microbial corrosion by sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB), a bench-scale upflow anaerobic fixed bed (UAFB) packed with iron contactors was installed, and operated to investigate the treatment characteristics of domestic wastewater from an apartment complex. It was found that there is a linear relationship between anaerobic corrosion and sulfate reduction by SRB within the range of operational conditions. As the results of introducin
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Fang, Xiao Jun, Li Liu, Zhi Gang Yang, and Yong Qiang Zhang. "Preparation and Performance Evaluation of a Novel Bactericide for Sulfate Reducing Bacteria." Materials Science Forum 1035 (June 22, 2021): 624–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1035.624.

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The sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) bactericide was synthesized using KNO3, isothiazolinone, quaternary ammonium salt, and additives as main components, and the optimal ratio and critical concentration of the bactericide were determined. Weight loss method, potentiodynamic polarization curve, compatibility study were used to investigate the changes of corrosion rate and corrosion current density and compatibility after adding the bactericide. The results showed that the optimal formula ratio of the bactericide was: KNO3: isothiazolinone: quaternary ammonium salt: additive is 20:1:2:3, and the
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Ehsani, Ali, Mohammad Ghasem Mahjani, Maryam Nasseri, and Majid Jafarian. "Influence of electrosynthesis conditions and Al2O3 nanoparticles on corrosion protection effect of polypyrrole films." Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials 61, no. 3 (2014): 146–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/acmm-07-2012-1193.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper was to investigate the anti-corrosion behavior of polypyrrole (PPy) films in different states and presence of alumina nanoparticles synthesized by galvanostatic electropolymerization on stainless steel (SS) electrodes in an artificial seawater solution using potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Design/methodology/approach – The electrochemical measurements were used to examine the effects of PPy and its nanocomposite on the corrosion behavior of SS type 316L in artificial seawater. A standard electrochemical cell wit
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García-Ávila, Fernando, Lía Ramos-Fernández, and César Zhindón-Arévalo. "Estimation of corrosive and scaling trend in drinking water systems in the city of Azogues, Ecuador." Ambiente e Agua - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science 13, no. 5 (2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.4136/ambi-agua.2237.

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The quality of drinking water flowing in a distribution network can possess corrosive characteristics that may cause the material degradation of pipes and accessories. This problem can result in reduction of the service life of pipes and create a major public health problem. The agreement between the physical-chemical water quality analysis and national standards are not enough to confirm the balance of the water quality in terms of corrosion. In order to predict pipe corrosion in water distribution system networks, the corrosive trend was evaluated using the Langelier (LSI), Ryznar (RSI), and
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Vossoughi, M., and I. Alemzadeh. "A Study of Microbial Problems and Their Control in the Oilfield Waters." Water Science and Technology 25, no. 3 (1992): 263. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1992.0102.

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Microorganisms present in injection water or other oilfield water may cause corrosion or plugging of lines and reservoir formation rock. It should be pointed out that the mere presence of bacteria or other microorganisms in water does not necessarily mean that they present a problem. Elimination or reduction of bacteria is justified only if it represents an economical solution to a corrosion or plugging problem. This paper is an attempt to report the most important bacteria which grow in oilfield of Ahwaz (Iran), in order to control the action and their growth. Sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB)
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Chen, Shi Qiang, Dun Zhang, and Jia Jia Wu. "Influence of Sulfide on Oxygen Reduction Reaction in 3.5% Sodium Chloride Solution." Advanced Materials Research 581-582 (October 2012): 104–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.581-582.104.

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Different from the corrosion under anaerobic conditions, oxygen (O2) takes part in the cathodic reaction under aerobic conditions. Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) have been regarded for many years as strictly anaerobic bacteria, but recently, they are found to be able to survive in the presence of O2, and how they affect the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) has not been clear. In this study, the role of sulfide, a key inorganic metabolite of SRB, in ORR has been investigated on Q235 carbon steel electrode with cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Three cathodic process
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Corrosion in the conditions of sulfate reduction"

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Zhao, Weijie. "Corrosion initiation induced by sodium sulfate and sodium chloride particles on Cu and the golden alloy Cu5Al5Zn at simulated atmospheric conditions." Thesis, KTH, Materialvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-219471.

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Effects of sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) particle deposition on the atmospheric corrosion of copper (Cu) metal and a Cu-based alloy (Cu5Al5Zn) used in architectural applications were investigated at laboratory conditions compared with effects induced by sodium chloride (NaCl) and to some extent ammonium sulfate (NH4)2SO4 induced corrosion. Pre-deposited surfaces were exposed to repeated wet/dry conditions in a climatic chamber and the formation of corrosion products were assessed using light optical microscopy (LOM), scanning electron microscopy with elemental analysis (SEM/EDS), Fourier transform i
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Погребова, Інна Сергіївна. "Наукові основи створення синергетичних адсорбційних інгібіторів корозії поліфункціонального призначення". Doctoral thesis, Київ, 2021. https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/45499.

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Дисертація присвячена вирішенню важливої науково-технічної проблеми: підвищенню корозійної стійкості та експлуатаційно-технічних властивостей металевих виробів, устаткування та пристроїв шляхом використання синергетичних адсорбційних інгібіторів корозії широкого спектру захисної дії. Розроблено науково-обґрунтований підхід до створення ефективних інгібіторів корозії на основі поліфункціональних органічних сполук та комбінацій органічних сполук і солей металів. Підхід базується на комплексному дослідженні процесів адсорбції, встановленні взаємозв’язку між будовою органічних сполук, їх а
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Liu, Bert C. Liu. "Joining Dissimilar Structural Alloys by Vaporizing Foil Actuator Welding: Process Conditions, Microstructure, Corrosion, and Strength." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1471629967.

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Eckert, Thomas. "The Influence of Sulfide Stress Conditions on the 34S-isotope Enrichment in Sulfate During Dissimilatory Sulfate Reduction." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/32006.

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The purpose of this thesis was to experimentally investigate the influence of increasing sulfide concentrations on the 34S isotope enrichment in sulfate during dissimilatory sulfate reduction (DSR). Two independent batch culture experiments with different maximum sulfide concentrations of up to 20 mM in the first and up to 40 mM in the second experiment were conducted using the marine sulfate reducer Desulfobacter latus. A comparison of the results from both experiments revealed a distinct offset towards more positive δ34S(SO42-) values in the 'high-sulfide' experiment, compared to the 'low-su
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Book chapters on the topic "Corrosion in the conditions of sulfate reduction"

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Bijmans, M. F. M., C. J. N. Buisman, and Piet N. L. Lens. "Sulfate Reduction under Acidic Conditions in High Rate Bioreactor Systems for Treatment of Mining and Metallurgical Waste and Process Water." In Advanced Materials Research. Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-452-9.324.

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"Trichloroethylene biodegradation under sulfate reduction conditions." In Advanced Engineering and Technology. CRC Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b16699-34.

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Wood, Robert J. K., and Mandar R. Thakare. "Abrasion-Corrosion of Thermal Spray Coatings." In Materials Science and Engineering. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-1798-6.ch050.

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WC-based thermal-spray and High Velocity Oxy-Fuel (HVOF) coatings are extensively used in a wide range of applications ranging from downhole drilling tools to gas turbine engines. WC-based thermal spray coatings offer improved wear resistance as a result of hard phases dispersed in binder-rich regions. However, the presence of hard and soft phases within the coating can also lead to the formation of micro-galvanic couplings in aqueous environments leading to some reduction in combined wear-corrosion resistance. Furthermore, the coating also responds differently to change in mechanical loading conditions. This chapter examines the wear-corrosion performance of thermal spray coatings in a range of wear, electrochemical, and wear-corrosion tests under varying contact conditions to develop models and establish relationships between wear mechanisms, wear rates, and environmental factors such as pH and applied load.
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Daniyal, Md, and Sabih Akhtar. "Corrosion Assessment and Control Techniques for Reinforced Concrete Structures." In New Challenges and Industrial Applications for Corrosion Prevention and Control. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-2775-7.ch010.

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The steel reinforced concrete structures perform well in various environmental conditions, but structures may undergo premature damage in aggressive environments such as marine or acidic, primarily due to steel corrosion, and substantial reduction in service life occurs. This also causes huge economical loss and create safety and environmental problems. The repair and maintenance of steel reinforced concrete structures for their safety needs effective monitoring and inspection systems for evaluating the corrosion condition of steel. Since the corrosion of steel reinforcement occurs through electrochemical reactions, electrochemical methods are suitable to study the corrosion processes. In this chapter, some commonly used electrochemical techniques have been comprehensively explained. In addition, there is a critical requirement to develop effective and long-lasting techniques to control the corrosion of steel. Hence, some of the commonly used corrosion control methods have been comprehensively described in this chapter.
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Najiah Dahnel, Aishah, Mohamad Noor Ikhwan Naiman, Muhammad Azim Mirza Mohd Farid, Ahmad Faris Abdul Rahman, and Nur Munirah Meera Mydin. "Drilling of 7075 Aluminum Alloys." In Aluminium Alloys - Design and Development of Innovative Alloys, Manufacturing Processes and Applications [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.102864.

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Aluminum alloy (Al 7075) has been increasingly used as structural components in automotive and aerospace industry due to their low density, high strength and good corrosion resistance compared with other metals. To manufacture and assemble the components, drilling operations are often conducted. However, Al 7075 is ductile and soft, which causes difficulty in drilling, resulting in material adhesion, high tool wear, short tool life and poor hole quality. As a result of the poor hole quality, there is a high percentage of part rejection, which can increase the manufacturing time and cost. This chapter discusses challenges and techniques to drill Al 7075 in terms of the cutting parameters and drilling conditions to prolong the tool life and achieve good hole quality. Drilling experiments on Al 7075-T6 (heat-treated) were conducted using carbide cutting tools at various cutting parameters. Reducing cutting speed and increasing feed rate resulted in reducing tool wear, whereas a reduction in surface roughness, hence improved machined surface finish, was found when both cutting speed and feed rate were reduced in drilling Al 7075-T6. Producing good hole quality is vital during the drilling process to ensure a good assembly and product service performance.
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Su, Chunming, Robert W. Puls, Thomas A. Krug, et al. "Long-Term Performance Evaluation of Groundwater Chlorinated Solvents Remediation Using Nanoscale Emulsified Zerovalent Iron at a Superfund Site." In Waste Management. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1210-4.ch061.

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This chapter addresses a case study of long-term assessment of a field application of environmental nanotechnology. Dense Non-Aqueous Phase Liquid (DNAPL) contaminants such as Tetrachloroethene (PCE) and Trichloroethene (TCE) are a type of recalcitrant compounds commonly found at contaminated sites. Recent research has focused on their remediation using environmental nanotechnology in which nanomaterials such as nanoscale Emulsified Zerovalent Iron (EZVI) are added to the subsurface environment to enhance contaminant degradation. Such nanoremediation approach may be mostly applicable to the source zone where the contaminant mass is the greatest and source removal is a critical step in controlling the further spreading of the groundwater plume. Compared to micro-scale and granular counterparts, NZVI exhibits greater degradation rates due to its greater surface area and reactivity from its faster corrosion. While NZVI shows promise in both laboratory and field tests, limited information is available about the long-term effectiveness of nanoremediation because previous field tests are mostly less than two years. Here an update is provided for a six-year performance evaluation of EZVI for treating PCE and its daughter products at a Superfund site at Parris Island, South Carolina, USA. The field test consisted of two side-by-side treatment plots to remedy a shallow PCE source zone (less than 6 m below ground surface) using pneumatic injection and direct injection, separately in October 2006. For the pneumatic injections, a two-step injection procedure was used. First, the formation was fluidized by the injection of nitrogen gas alone, followed by injection of the EZVI with nitrogen gas as the carrier. In the pneumatic injection plot, 2,180 liters of EZVI containing 225 kg of iron (Toda RNIP-10DS), 856 kg of corn oil, and 22.5 kg of surfactant were injected to remedy an estimated 38 kg of chlorinated volatile compounds (CVOC)s. Direct injections were performed using a direct push rig. In the direct injection plot, 572 liters of EZVI were injected to treat an estimated 0.155 kg of CVOCs. Visual inspection of collected soil cores before and after EZVI injections shows that the travel distance of EZVI was dependent on the method of delivery with pneumatic injection achieving a greater distance of 2.1 m than did direct injection reaching a distance of 0.89 m. Significant decreases in PCE and TCE concentrations were observed in downgradient wells with corresponding increases in degradation products including significant increases in ethene. In the pneumatic injection plot, there were significant reductions in the downgradient groundwater mass flux values for chlorinated ethenes (>58%) and a significant increase in the mass flux of ethene (628%). There were significant reductions in total CVOCs mass (78%), which was less than an estimated 86% decrease in total CVOCs made at 2.5 years due to variations in soil cores collected for CVOCs extraction and determination; an estimated reduction of 23% (vs.63% at 2.5 years) in the sorbed and dissolved phases and 95% (vs. 93% at 2.5 years) reduction in the PCE DNAPL mass. Significant increases in dissolved sulfide, volatile fatty acids (VFA), and total organic carbon (TOC) were observed and dissolved sulfate and pH decreased in many monitoring wells. The apparent effective destruction of CVOC was accomplished by a combination of abiotic dechlorination by nanoiron and biological reductive dechlorination stimulated by the oil in the emulsion. No adverse effects of EZVI were observed for the microbes. In contrast, populations of dehalococcoides showed an increase up to 10,000 fold after EZVI injection. The dechlorination reactions were sustained for the six-year period from a single EZVI delivery. Repeated EZVI injections four to six years apart may be cost-effective to more completely remove the source zone contaminant mass. Overall, the advantages of the EZVI technology include an effective “one-two punch” of rapid abiotic dechlorination followed by a sustained biodegradation; contaminants are destroyed rather than transferred to another medium; ability to treat both DNAPL source zones and dissolved-phase contaminants to contain plume migration; ability to deliver reactants to targeted zones not readily accessible by conventional permeable reactive barriers; and potential for lower overall costs relative to alternative technologies such as groundwater pump-and-treat with high operation and maintenance costs or thermal technologies with high capital costs. The main limitations of the EZVI technology are difficulty in effectively distributing the viscous EZVI to all areas impacted with DNAPL; potential decrease in hydraulic conductivity due to iron corrosion products buildup or biofouling; potential to adversely impact secondary groundwater quality through mobilization of metals and production of sulfides or methane; injection of EZVI may displace DNAPL away from the injection point; and repeated injections may be required to completely destroy the contaminants.
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"gluten quality involves the addition of low levels of gluten, ied typically are compared to results obtained by some about 2%, to a standard test flour, which often is of a type of baking test. McDermott [85] compared baking "weak" type, and observing the effects on bread quality. (Chorleywood bake test) and other properties of 30 com-Water absorption is adjusted as appropriate for the gluten mercial glutens, mostly of European origin (Table 8), and levels added [23]. A stressed gluten-enriched baking test found that under his test conditions six samples were of was identified [31], which assumes that gluten is added to relatively poor quality; correlation between baking perfor-enable production of specialty breads using substantial mance and other measured properties was not high. levels of non-gluten-containing ingredients such as rye Weegels and Hamer [130] studied a group of 32 European flour, dietary fiber, bran and germ, or raisins [49]. Czucha-commercial glutens. These workers devised a test involv-j owska and Pomeranz [31] described a simple, repro-ing protein content, denaturation index (based on a series ducible method for baking undiluted gluten, highly corre-of sodium dodecyl sulfate sedimentation measurements), lated with the gluten-enrichment baking test. and extensigraph resistance; a model utilizing these tests A prime reason for performing end-use tests of func-was able to predict 59% of the baking quality variation of tionality, of course, is to monitor variations in the quality the glutens. Bushuk and Wadhawan [20] examined 27 of commercial wheat glutens that can occur. Differences commercial gluten samples, although only 8 were subject-among commercial gluten are usually attributable to varia-ed to extensive end-use testing; the highest correlation co-tions in the starting material, wheat or flour, and/or efficients were between loaf volume and acetic acid-solu-changes caused by production processing conditions. Dur-ble protein (r = 0.88) and between loaf volume and ing processing, the drying of gluten is critical, as noted fluorescence of acetic acid extract (r = 0.98). above, and investigators have shown that less than opti-mum heat treatment can lower the baking quality of gluten (b) Nonbaking Tests. Considerable efforts have been [14,49,98,111,130]. However, McDermott [85] reported expended in developing nonbaking tests to evaluate the no definite relationship between manufacturing variables quality or vitality of wheat gluten for baking purposes. The and gluten quality in a group of 30 commercial glutens. baking test is often cited as being labor intensive, relative-Dreese et al. [38] studied commercial and hand-washed ly expensive, requiring skilled workers, and not effectively lyophilized gluten and found that differences were more differentiating gluten quality [86]. The farinograph has attributable to washing procedures than to drying proce-been used to evaluate gluten for many years. The usual ap-dures. proach has been to test the gluten as a gluten-flour mixture Results obtained by other methods that have been stud-(e.g., Refs. 5, 18, 36, and 49), while an alternative method TABLE 8 Properties of 30 Commercial Glutens Baking performance Property Average Range Poor Average Good Increase in loaf volume, %a 10 7.7-12.2 8.3 10.2 11.8 Protein, %b 77.4 66.4-84.3 76.2 77.4 81.1 Moisture, % 7.55.3-10.2 8.877.7 Particle size, % <160 p.m 88.8 55.8-98 80.5 91 90.3 Color 68.3 56.5-75 65.2 68.9 69.5 Lipid, % 5.84.2-7.65.86.15.1 Ash, % 0.69 0.44-0.94 0.71 0.74 0.6 Chloride, %` 0.08 0.01-0.28 0.10.08 0.08 Water absorption, mug protein 2.37 1.84-2.93 2.26 2.45 2.29 SDS sedimentation volume, ml/g protein 99 55-159 70 107 127 Lactic acid sedimentation, % reduction in turbidity 18 2-68 49 11 7 Hydration time, min 0.90.2-10 2.72.40.6 Extensibility, units/min 3.80.7-9.33.23.93.9 Viscosity, cP 117 73-222 159 109 101 '2% gluten protein. Dry matter basis. `As NaCl. Source: Ref. 85." In Handbook of Cereal Science and Technology, Revised and Expanded. CRC Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420027228-83.

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Conference papers on the topic "Corrosion in the conditions of sulfate reduction"

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Sharobem, Timothy T., and Marco J. Castaldi. "The Effect of SO2:HCl in Mixed Gas and Deposit Corrosion of Waste-to-Energy Boilers." In 2013 21st Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nawtec21-2722.

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High temperature corrosion via chlorine is a key factor in the degradation of boiler tubes in waste-to-energy (WTE) plants. Corrosion rates are particularly high in the superheater where material temperatures may exceed 450°C and where carbon or low alloy steels may be used. Although increasing sulfur, in the form of SO2, in WTE flue gas has been shown in previous works to have potential for decreasing the corrosion of these materials, the inhibitive effect is not well understood. This work investigated the corrosion of SA178A, a low carbon steel alloy (0.07 wt% C), and NSSER-4, a stainless st
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Wang, Lu, Amy T. Kan, Zhang Zhang, et al. "Field Method for Determination of Bicarbonate Alkalinity." In SPE International Oilfield Scale Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/spe-169758-ms.

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Abstract Alkalinity is used to calculate the bicarbonate concentrations under various production conditions and the bicarbonate concentration is needed to calculate saturation indices for the prediction of carbonate and sulfide scale formation and also to predict the corrosivity of the produced water during production. Since the saturation index is related to the square of the bicarbonate concentration, the accuracy of alkalinity is vitally important for the prediction of corrosion and scaling indices of all oil and gas production systems. Unfortunately, the total alkalinity remains one of the
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Tiemeyer, Amy E., Tara A. Kneeshaw, and Erin M. Driver. "USING MICROCOSMS TO EVALUATE IRON AND SULFATE REDUCTION RATES UNDER VARYING BIOGEOCHEMICAL CONDITIONS." In GSA Annual Meeting in Seattle, Washington, USA - 2017. Geological Society of America, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2017am-301466.

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Shifler, David A. "The Increasing Complexity of Corrosion in Gas Turbines." In ASME Turbo Expo 2019: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2019-90111.

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Abstract Removal of fuel sulfur assumes that hot corrosion events will subsequently end in shipboard and aero gas turbine engines. Most papers in the literature since the 1970s consider Na2SO4 and SO3 as the primary reactants causing hot corrosion. However, several geographical sites around the world have relatively high pollutant levels (particulate matter, SO2, etc.) that have the potential to initiate high-temperature corrosion. The deposit chemistry influencing hot corrosion is more complex consisting of multiple sulfates and silicates with the addition of chlorides in a marine environment
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Men, Hong, Yan Peng, Jing Zhang, Shanrang Yang, and Zhiming Xu. "Study on Biocorrosion Induced by Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria on Heat Exchanger Material in Cooling Water." In 2010 14th International Heat Transfer Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ihtc14-22747.

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Corrosion associated with microorganisms has been recognized for over 50 years and yet the study of microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) is relatively new. MIC can occur in diverse environments. Industrial cooling water from rivers, lakes and sea water contain lots of microorganisms which are able to grow and multiply under certain conditions when pH, water temperature and sunlight etc are suitable. MIC is one of key cause of heat exchanger faults. MIC of heat exchanger materials in cooling waters has caused expensive unplanned outages, the need for local repairs and, in some cases, co
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Jeon, Chi-Ho, and Chang-Su Shim. "Experimental study on PSC beams with various conditions of corrosion." In IABSE Congress, Christchurch 2021: Resilient technologies for sustainable infrastructure. International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/christchurch.2021.0148.

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&lt;p&gt;There have been many reports released on failure of prestressing steels due to corrosion. This is taken seriously in that it can cause sudden collapse of the structure. In this paper, experimental investigation was performed to evaluate the performance of prestressed concrete beams. The strands of the specimens were electro-chemically corroded with Impressed Current Method (ICM). Location of corrosion, degree of corrosion, and the number of corroded strands are the parameters considered herein. The test result shows strength reduction of a centrally corroded PSC beam, but not in the o
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Miller, Jonathon D., Brett J. Warren, and Luc G. Chabot. "Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion of Gulf of Mexico Mooring Chain at 6,000 Feet Depths." In ASME 2012 31st International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2012-84067.

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During a post-installation inspection of a polyester and chain mooring system in water depths of approximately 6,000 ft, evidence of microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) was found in the form of rust tubercles known as rusticles. These porous concretions commonly form on submerged steel shipwrecks and provide evidence that subsea corrosion occurs in a hypoxic environment. Iron and sulfate-reducing bacteria cause corrosion in marine environments. This paper will discuss one form of MIC found on submerged steel structures, analyze the ambient conditions required for MIC to occur, and com
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Hannon, C. L., J. Gerstmann, F. B. Mansfeld, and Z. Sun. "Development of Corrosion Inhibitors for Absorption Heat Pumps." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-33411.

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This paper describes the results of a research project to develop a non-toxic corrosion in hibitor for the protection of carbon steel surfaces of ammonia-water absorption heat pumps through the use of rare earth metal salt (REMS) compounds. Chromate compounds are currently used as corrosion inhibitors in these systems, but are toxic, environmentally harmful, and their use is being phased out. Corrosion concerns in ammonia-water absorption systems are primarily those of non-condensable (NC) gases generated by corrosion reactions impeding the heat and mass transfer processes in the system. The r
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Vega, Oscar E., Jose´ M. Hallen, Agusti´n Villagomez, and Antonio Contreras. "Microstructure, Mechanical Properties and SSC Susceptibility of Multiple SMAW Repairs in Line Pipe Girth Welds." In 2008 7th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2008-64187.

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Girth welds of seamless API X52 steel pipe containing multiple shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) repairs and one as-welded condition were studied. Microstructural characterization, mechanical behavior and sulfide stress corrosion cracking (SSC) susceptibility of the welded joints were evaluated by means of optical and scanning electron microscopy, hardness, tension, Charpy-V impact resistance and slow strain rate tests (SSRT). The results of this work indicate that increasing the number of welding repairs promotes grain growth in the heat affected zone (HAZ). The yield strength (YS) and ultima
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Ferrari, Jean Vicente. "Discussion of Oxygen Threshold Level for Corrosion Management in Seawater Injection Systems." In SPE International Oilfield Corrosion Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/205041-ms.

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Abstract Generally, in water injection systems, oxygen levels starting from around eight ppm are deoxygenated to below 50 ppm, following international standards' guidelines. This work aims to discuss the impact of such a magnitude value of oxygen contamination on steel corrosion in seawater injection systems by analysing theoretical polarisation curves and results from published works with different approaches. Corrosion models consider mass-transfer controlled diffusion of oxygen to predict the maximum steel corrosion rate, which depends on the oxygen limiting current, which in turn is strong
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Reports on the topic "Corrosion in the conditions of sulfate reduction"

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Kingston, A. W., O. H. Ardakani, and R A Stern. Tracing the subsurface sulfur cycle using isotopic and elemental fingerprinting: from the micro to the macro scale. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/329789.

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Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a toxic and corrosive gas that commonly occurs in deeply buried sedimentary systems. Understanding its distribution is paramount to creating safe and effective models of H2S occurrence aiding in the identification of high-risk areas. Characterizing subsurface sulfur sources and H2S formation pathways would enhance these models leading to more accurate predictions of potential high H2S regions. However, gaps remain in our understanding of the dominant formation processes and migration pathways of key ingredients for H2S production in the Lower Triassic Montney Formatio
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