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Journal articles on the topic 'Corrosione'
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1
Curtolo, Cristina. "Il circuito della frustrazione e la corrosione dell'orgoglio nell'intervento educativo." MINORIGIUSTIZIA, no. 3 (September 2012): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/mg2012-003006.
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Sun, Ji Ku, Zong Jie Cao, De Jian Sun, and Yi Chen. "Characteristic of Corrosive Damages about Aircraft Structures in Service." Applied Mechanics and Materials 543-547 (March 2014): 316–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.543-547.316.
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In engineering practices, aircraft structures have been damaged due to the structural corrosion, the corrosive problem of aircrafts needs to call high attentions for researchers because aircraft structures are composed of metals and compound metals. In this paper, corrosion problems and structural reliability of aircraft structures are discussed. Corrosion morphology and mechanism of aircraft structures are analyzed based on metal corrosion theory. The characteristics of the various types of corrosions of aircraft structures have been enumerated. The effect of environments in corrosion process of aircraft structures is studied. The law of corrosion developed at aircraft structural parts or materials is summarized. This research contributes to improving professionals capacity of corrosion prevention and control. It also provides technical support for aircraft maintainers.
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Yu, Zhu Huan, Jun Feng Qiang, and Hui Lu Li. "Electrochemical Corrosion Behavior of Different Graphite Shapes Cast Irons in Acidic Solution." Advanced Materials Research 906 (April 2014): 275–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.906.275.
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The effect of graphite shapes on the electrochemical corrosion behavior of cast iron was studied by means of weight loss tests, electrochemical measurements and electron microscopy. It was found that the electrochemical corrosion behavior of graphite is significantly different from one other, and the corrosive potential difference between carbide ad the matrix is the main driving force of the different phase corrosions. Among them, the center A type and edge D type graphite exhibited the highest corrosion resistance. The corrosion of white iron is worst, because there are so many type carbides in white iron and so there is an obvious tendency to produce micro-cell in white iron.
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Sun, Qi Lei, Li Zhang, Jie Dong, and Lu Hua He. "Study on Electrochemical Behavior of Prestressed Reinforcement in Simulated Concrete Solution." Applied Mechanics and Materials 357-360 (August 2013): 917–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.357-360.917.
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Using electrochemical impedance spectroscop (EIS) and polarization curve technique, the electrochemical behavior of prestressed reinforcement under different stress levels was studied in simulated concrete solution. The results show that: As the stress increasing, the impedance spectroscopy changes significantly, the entire impedance spectroscopy shows an elongated semi-circular deformation, high-frequency capacitance arc radius corrosion decreases with the corrosion progress, in other words, the reaction resistance decreases, the corrosion rate of the sample increases. And when the galvanized steel is in 1064MPa stresss condition, corrosion current density reaches the maximum, is 9 times larger than that of none stress corrosions condition. Under the combined effects of the external stress and corrosive media, dislocation can be emitted, value-added and moves. When it reached a critical state, it would lead to the crack nucleation of Stress corrosion cracking (SCC).
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Cong, Shen, Ke Tong, Dong Feng Li, Zhi Xin Chen, and Ke Cai. "Leakage Failure Analysis of the ERW Steel Pipeline." Materials Science Forum 993 (May 2020): 1224–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.993.1224.
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This paper provides a thorough investigation on the leakage reason of the ERW steel pipeline in an oil field. Through appearance inspection, physicochemical inspection, metallographic inspection and scanning electron microscope (SEM), it was found that the main reason of corrosions was caused by residual liquid at the bottom of the pipeline and O2 and CO2 in the air pressure test. The corrosion medium was large volume of O2 and CO2 forming continuously saturated corrosive aqueous solution in small volume of residual liquid, and the corrosion type was the under-deposit corrosion. It is recommended to conduct hot air purging on the pipelined before pressure test for building pipelines in the future, and if the pipeline is not put into use in time, it is recommended to use nitrogen to maintain pressure.
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Yang, Yanpeng, Xiaojuan Cao, Yang Li, Zhongchi Wang, Bingjie Li, Xudong Jiang, Junji Jia, and Chunxu Pan. "Spontaneous Symmetry-Breaking in the Corrosion Transformation of Ancient Bronzes." Minerals 10, no. 8 (July 24, 2020): 656. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10080656.
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In general, during long-term museum conservation, ancient bronzes will generate new corrosion products also called the “secondary corrosion” on the surface of the unearthed “primary corrosion” products due to various environmental conditions. In this paper, the corrosion stages of several ancient Chinese bronzes are characterized by using optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectrometer (Raman). It is found that there exist phase transformation relationships in between the “primary corrosion” and the “secondary corrosion” stages (i.e., (1) the crystal lattice type tends to transform from a high symmetry system to a low symmetry system; (2) in case of the same crystal lattice type, the corrosions exhibit an inter-transformation or symbiosis). It is interesting to note that these transformation rules are very consistent with the well-known physical law of “spontaneous symmetry-breaking”, which won the 2008 Nobel Prize in Physics and also has been considered to be general law of nature, in addition to the principle of Gibbs free energy reduction. The significance of this discovery allows us to achieve the predictability and controllability of the bronze corrosion products (i.e., to predict the corrosive trends in advance and control the “second corrosion” by adjusting the conservation conditions. This research provides a novel conservation concept of ancient bronzes.
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Mahecha-Gómez, Andrey Felipe, Claudia Patricia Mejía-Villagrán, and Jhon Jairo Olaya-Flórez. "Aplicación de una metodología mixta para la selección de materiales resistentes a la corrosión en medios ácidos y salinos." Respuestas 20, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.22463/0122820x.265.
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Objetivo: En este artículo se presenta una metodología mixta de selección de materiales para determinar qué material presenta la mejor relación entre resistencia a la corrosión, propiedades mecánicas y costos. Metodología: El trabajo se llevó a cabo utilizando pruebas potenciodinámicas de extrapolación (Tafel) e impedancia electroquímica (EIS), sometiendo las muestras a medios corrosivos de NaCl (3%) y H2SO4 (5%). Las muestras utilizadas fueron el cerámico Zirconia no sinterizada y los aceros AISI 304L, AISI 316 y AISI 316L. Finalmente se aplicó una metodología de selección de materiales para escoger el material que presenta mejor comportamiento en este tipo de medios. Resultados: Como resultado, para las pruebas de extrapolación Tafel con 5% de ácido sulfúrico (H2SO4), se obtuvo que el acero AISI 316 presenta la corriente de corrosión más baja y una pasivación a mayor potencia. En el medio electrolítico con 3%de NaCl, se observa que los valores de potencial de corrosión más altos se presentan en los aceros inoxidables, evidenciándose una menor velocidad de corrosión en los aceros de la serie 316. Conclusiones: Como resultado se obtuvo que el acero AISI 316 utilizado presenta el mejor comportamiento de resistencia a la corrosión en los medios Medios ácidos y salinos.Abstract Objective: This article presents a mixed materials selection methodology is presented to determine which material has the best balance between corrosion resistance, mechanical properties and costs. Methods: The work was realized using potentiodynamic tests of extrapolation (Tafel) and electrochemical impedance (EIS), subjecting the samples to corrosive media of NaCl (3%) and H2SO4 (5%). The samples used were zirconia, steel AISI 304L, AISI 316 and AISI 316L. Finally a mixed methodology was applied in the materials selection to choose the material that has better comportment in this type of electrolyte. Results: For Tafel extrapolation test with 5% sulfuric acid (H2SO4) was obtained that AISI 316 steel which has the lowest current corrosion and passivation at higher power. In the electrolytic medium with 3 % NaCl, shows that higher values for corrosion potential present in stainless steels, showing a lower corrosion rate in the steels of the 316 series. Conclusions: The results showed that steel AISI 316 used presents the best performance to corrosion resistance in saline and acid.Palabras claves: Corrosión, Medios ácidos y salinos, Metodología mixta, Selección de materiales.
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P, Roshith, and Arivarasu M. "Improvements on hot corrosion behaviour of HVOF coated CO2 laser beam and pulsed gas tungsten arc weldments in 2.5% sulphur gas plus molten salt in industrial waste incinerator environment." Engineering Research Express 4, no. 2 (April 4, 2022): 025003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2631-8695/ac5ebd.
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Abstract This research article discusses in detail how the rate of corrosion increases for the Alloy 254 in the molten salt mixture of 10 wt% NaCl + 40 wt% K2SO4 + 40 wt% Na2SO4 + 10 wt% KCl and corrosive gas combination of 2.5% SO2 + 3% O2 + 25% CO2 + 69.5% N2 in simulated municipal solid waste incinerator environment at 700 °C and 800 °C. In addition, the article shows rate of thermal corrosion abridged due to the addition of 80 Ni- 20 Cr -High-velocity oxygen fuel coating on the SMO 254 specimen. Thermogravimetric analysis is adapted to analyze the corrosion rate. A higher hardness was obtained for the High-velocity oxygen fuel coated specimen than that of base metal. Surface roughness was measured on the thermal barrier coated surface. As a result of the impact of molten salt and corrosive gas, hot corrosion by-products such as sulphides, chlorides and Na are produced, which are observed to increase the severity of corrosion rate. The study provides a detailed analysis of the metallurgical changes along the cross-section on the hot corroded samples by optical and Scanning electron microstructural image analysis. X-ray diffraction analysis was used to know about the corrosion products formed during corrosion. Formation of the major protective oxide phases such as NiCr2O4, Cr2O3, NiO and CrMnO4 provide better corrosion resistance to the substrate in the coated samples. The diffusion of the corrosive elements along the cross-section of the weld interface, weld zone, and base metal zone was analyzed in detail using Electron dispersive spectroscopy data in the point scan, line scan, and x-ray mapping techniques. Thermal spray coatings were found to be effective to prevent the hot corrosion, however, a higher weight gain (17.75 mg cm−2) was observed on the pulse current gas tungsten arc weldment sample in the simulated environment compared to a weight gain (2.66 mg cm−2) base metal specimen at 700 °C. Spallation of coated surface occurred at 800 °C, and it could be concluded that the coating has found to be effective in preventing the hot corrosion and safe to operate at a temperature of 700 °C for Alloy 254 in this aggressive simulated environment.
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Ryu, Hwa Sung, and Han Seung Lee. "Study on the Anti- Corrosion Properties of Organic and Inorganic Inhibitor by Electrochemical Treatment in Aqueous Solution." Advanced Materials Research 415-417 (December 2011): 2070–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.415-417.2070.
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The various methods for improving chloride penetration resistance in the reinforced concrete have been developed. Among the related general ways, using of corrosion inhibitor became very common. Therefore, in this study, in order to comprehend performance of corrosion inhibitor, the experiment study was conducted about corrosion characteristic of 3 steps(0.0, norm 1/2, norm) compared to organic corrosion inhibitor standard use of liquid and molar 3 steps(0.0, 0.3, 0.6%) of Chloride by added amount of inorganic corrosion inhibitor by the corrosion inhibitor types about 2.4kg/m3, 4.8kg/m3based on Chloride ion content 1.2kg/m3for service life prediction of concrete structure by using Poteniostat. As results, in the case of inorganic nitrous acid corrosion inhibitor, it was confirmed that anti-corrosive performance of Chloride ion content 1.2kg/m3by corrosion Ecorr -0.30V in more than molar ratio 0.3%, and it also was confirmed that anti-corrosive performance of 2.4kg/m3, 4.8kg/m3in more than molar ratio 0.6%. In addition, the excellent anti-corrosive performance of organic corrosion inhibitor was shown in 1/2(0.42kg/m3) of norm regardless of Chloride ion content, and it can be seen that absorption types organic corrosion inhibitor has excellent anti-corrosive performance compared to the inorganic nitrous acid corrosion inhibitor by the added amount of corrosion inhibitor.
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Mao, Jincheng, Difei Han, Jinzhou Zhao, Xiaojiang Yang, Chong Lin, and Heng Zhang. "Experimental and Theoretical Study on Cyanuric Chloride Derivatives as Corrosion Inhibitors for Oxyen Corrosion of Mild Steel in High Salinity Corrosive Medium." Revista de Chimie 72, no. 2 (May 7, 2021): 119–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.21.2.8425.
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Designed and synthesized two corrosion inhibitors that can resist corrosion of low-carbon steel in high-salinity corrosive media. When these compounds are used as corrosion inhibitors in high salinity corrosive media, the laboratory evaluation results clearly showed that the two corrosion inhibitors had an excellent corrosion resistance. The synthetic corrosion inhibitors have an symmetrical structure which not only has a symmetrical appearance but also has the practical significance of forming an entire surface covering layer, which avoids the general corrosion and pitting corrosion.
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Smolyago, G. A., A. V. Dronov, and N. V. Frolov. "MODELING OF REDUCTION IN THE CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA OF STEEL REINFORCEMENT IN CONCRETE UNDER THE ACTION OF CORROSIVE ENVIRONMENT." Proceedings of the Southwest State University 21, no. 1 (February 28, 2017): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21869/2223-1560-2017-21-1-43-49.
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Process of depassivation of steel in concrete under the action of chloride corrosive environment is considered. Method of durable testing of bended reinforced concrete structures during corrosive period is described. Results of experimental research in steel reinforcement corrosion in reinforced concrete beams under the action of corrosive environment are described in the article. The diagram of corrosive potential changes during the testing time is given in the article. Measurements of corrosion potential were carried out by the corrosion analyzing instrument. Analysis of corrosive potential changes during the testing time was carried out. Main properties and features of chloride corrosion process and damages are considered. Corrosive pits on the surface of the reinforcement bars were studied. Measurements of depth and diameter of the corrosive pits were carried out. Stress-strain diagrams of steel after the corrosive period were obtained. Mathematical model of reduction in the cross-sectional area of steel reinforcement in concrete under the action of corrosive chloride environment is suggested. This model allows to consider effect of concrete cover thickness on depth of corrosion. Comparison of experimental results and theoretical calculations reveals high accuracy of corrosion damage definition by given mathematical model. The ways to use the model are suggested. The given model allows to consider corrosive damages of steel rebars by definition of cross-section area losses and may be used in calculations of strength and deformations of RC structures. It’s possible to use the model for prediction of the remaining strength life of RC structures.
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Zhang, Ye Qin, Li Chun Qi, and Yi Sheng Huang. "Anticorrosion Property of TC27 Titanium Alloys and Application Evaluation in Tubing." Materials Science Forum 1035 (June 22, 2021): 615–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1035.615.
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In view of the combined effect of the load and the corrosive environment on the downhole tubing and the need for the selection of downhole tubing materials, the study on the pitting corrosion, crevice corrosion, erosion corrosion, high temperature and high pressure simulation of corrosion, galvanic corrosion, resistance to sulfide stress corrosion cracking SSC, resistance to hydrogen induced cracking, stress corrosion cracking test under simulated working conditions for TC27 titanium alloy was carried out. Furthermore, the corrosion performance was evaluated by the test results and evaluation standards such as GB/T 18590-2001, SY/T 7394-2017, GB/T 15748-2013. The results show that TC27 have excellent resistance to pitting corrosion, crevice corrosion and erosion corrosion under the corrosive environment of NaCl and H2S. The alloy also has excellent corrosion resistance and crack resistance under high-intensity environments such as high temperature and high pressure, and has good overall performance, which can effectively meet the needs of anti-corrosion performance of downhole tubing materials in different corrosive environments.
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Journal, Baghdad Science. "Some Non-destructive Testing for Al metal in 0.1N of NaCl and NaOH." Baghdad Science Journal 8, no. 4 (December 4, 2011): 988–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.8.4.988-995.
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In this work the corrosion behavior of Al metal was studied by using non- destructive testing (NDT), which is a noninvasive technique for determining the integrity of a material. The ultrasonic waves was used to measure the corrosion which occur by two corrosive medium (0.1N sodium chloride and 0.1N sodium hydroxide) and study the corrosion by weight-loss method and electrochemical method in addition to performance the microscopic inspection for the samples before and after the immersion in the corrosive medium. Corrosion parameters were interpreted in these media which involve corrosion potential (Ecorr) and corrosion current density (icorr). The results indicate that both media was corrosive but the 0.1N NaOH was more corrosive than 0.1N NaCI. Micro hardness test indicates that, the hardness value of the testing metal is decrease in 0.1N NaOH solution more than 0.1N NaCl solution with longest time of immersion.
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Li, Li, Jun Ling Tian, Yi Liang Peng, and Guo Xin Li. "Investigation on the Anti-Corrosion Layer of the Power Transmission Steel Structures." Applied Mechanics and Materials 427-429 (September 2013): 400–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.427-429.400.
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The power transmission steel structures are used in the outdoor and the durability will be decreased due to the various corrosions, so the structures usually coated the anti-corrosion layers such as hot-dip coating, zinc-rich coating or thermal spray zinc coating. The anti-corrosion layers on three power transmission steel structures in Henan province, China were investigated by the corrosion morphology and the residual coating thickness. The results indicated that the corrosion degree of the bolts is higher than that of the steels, and there are local corrosions occurred on the surface of the steels due to the plating leakage or clash.
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Castellanos, Esteban, and Isabel Díaz-Tang. "EVALUACIÓN DE LA EFICIENCIA DE UN NEUTRALIZADOR DE GLICOL E INHIBIDOR DE CORROSIÓN PARA ACERO AL CARBONO EN SISTEMA DE GLICOL." Revista de la Sociedad Química del Perú 81, no. 1 (March 31, 2015): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.37761/rsqp.v81i1.14.
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Se realizó una caracterización fisicoquímica a muestras de trietilenglicol rico (en contacto congas natural y humedad), trietilenglicol pobre TEGP (sin humedad) y agua de condensacióntomadas del sistema de trietilenglicol ACT de una unidad criogénica. Se realizó pruebas deresistencia a la polarización lineal (LPR) y curvas de polarización Tafel para determinar lavelocidad de corrosión del TEGR, TEGP Y ACT y la eficiencia del inhibidor de corrosión(Coastal 1755) en diferentes concentraciones para condiciones estáticas. Para la evaluaciónse utilizó un electrodo de anillo rotatorio acoplado a un potenciostato galvanostato Autolab/PGSTAT 302N, utilizando procedimientos de acuerdo con la norma ASTM G-170- 01,“Standard Guide for Evaluating and Qualifying Oil Field and Refinery Corrosion Inhibitorsin the Laboratory”.Se caracterizó el depósito de corrosión extraído del sistema de drenaje mediante espectrometríade emisión Jarell Ash y difracción de rayos X, marca Phillips.La velocidad de corrosión del agua de proceso sin inyección de inhibidor está en el orden de4 mpy (0,114 mm/año) y para las mezclas de trietilenglicol se consideran despreciables, porlo tanto el inhibidor Coastal 1755-C está neutralizando la acidez y controlando la corrosiónen el sistema.
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Fan, Yu Guang, Zai Dong Piao, Bing Chen, and San Pin Zhou. "The Analysis of the Corrosion Parameters' Sensitivity of the Fractionator Overhead Recycle System." Advanced Materials Research 590 (November 2012): 91–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.590.91.
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The relation model established by artificial neural network that includes 4 corrosive material parameters that are Cl-, H2S, NH3 and pH value and corrosion testing parameter that is Fe2+ of the fractionator overhead recycle system, studied the corrosion sensitivity of the corrosion parameters, has got the sensitive areas, put forward the suitable range of the corrosive material parameters of corrosion control in the production process.
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Zhang, Xin, Xue Dong Wu, Jian Zhong Li, Hui Wang, Dan Dai, and Zhen Lun Song. "Anticorrosion Behaviors of Quaternary Polyethyleneimine in Acidic Environment." Materials Science Forum 610-613 (January 2009): 136–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.610-613.136.
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Polymeric compounds are of great interest as corrosion inhibitors in acidic environment due to their inherent stability. Polymeric film is effectively used for the protection of metals partly owing to their capacity to act as a physical barrier between the metal surface and the corrosive environment. In this paper, a cation polyelectrolyte inhibitor (Quaternary Polyethyleneimine, QPEI) was prepared. The quality and inhibition efficiency of QPEI self-adsorbed films were studied by polarization curve and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, respectively. The compositions and morphologies of the polymer film on the steel surface were examined with the aids of SEM and XPS, respectively. The results showed that QPEI could greatly retard the corrosion of iron in sulfuric acid, which was attributed mainly to the protective QPEI film formed on the surface. Meanwhile, the inhibition of QPEI could be supposed as a mixed process, in which both cathodic and anodic corrosions were simultaneously restrained. Based on the results of XPS and SEM, it could be evidenced that the QPEI can form a protective polymer layer on the metal surface by adsorption.
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Lin, Zhen, Guo Zhang Li, Hong Bai Bai, and Chun Hong Lu. "Experimental Investigation on Damping Characteristic of Metal Rubber Material at Simulated Marine Environment." Applied Mechanics and Materials 456 (October 2013): 110–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.456.110.
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To meet the need of damping material at the marine corrosive environment, the clamped-edge disk type of metal rubber specimen is designed and its corrosion-load alternate experiment is performed, the anti-corrosive and damping characteristic of the material at the marine corrosive environment is researched. The experimental results show that the corrosive rate of 304 stainless steel metal rubber specimen at cycle-immersion corrosion-load alternate environment is the highest and its decay rate of dynamic average rigidity is also the highest, and followed by full-immersion, cycle-salt-spray and full-salt-spray environment. The damping characteristic of metal rubber specimen is relatively stable at the corrosion-load alternate experiment; the metal rubber material has anti-corrosion ability at marine environment.
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Suarsana, I. Ketut, I. Made Astika, and I. Gede Putu Agus Suryawan. "Efek perlakuan pack carburizing dan media korosif pada baja AISI 1045 terhadap laju korosi." Jurnal Energi Dan Manufaktur 14, no. 2 (January 11, 2022): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jem.2021.v14.i02.p01.
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Corrosion is a destructive symptom that affects the properties of a metal, which means that the physical properties and quality of the metal decrease due to the electrochemical reaction between the metal and its environment so that the strength of the metal decreases. Corrosion control can be used to avoid the negative impact of corrosion, through the pack carburizing treatment method. The material used in this research is AISI 1045 steel. To determine the effect of pack carburizing on the corrosion rate of steel, the research was carried out by varying the suhue of the carburizing pack and corrosive media. In this study, the pack carburizing process with suhue variations used was 750°C, 850°C, 950°C and the corroding media used were air, fresh water and sea water. This was observed in accordance with the application of AISI 1045 material. The corrosive process through corrosive media was carried out for 720 hours. The results showed that pack carburized steel at a temperature of 950°C had a lower corrosion rate than pack carburized steel at 750°C. Also, air corrosive media provides a lower corrosion rate compared to seawater corrosion rate.
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Ahmed, Muhammad, Muhammad Shahid, Zulfiqar Khan, Ameen Ammar, Abdul Saboor, Amir Khalid, Asad Hayat, Adil Saeed, and Mehran Koohgilani. "Electrochemical Comparison of SAN/PANI/FLG and ZnO/GO Coated Cast Iron Subject to Corrosive Environments." Materials 11, no. 11 (November 11, 2018): 2239. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11112239.
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ZnO/GO (Graphene Oxide) and SAN (Styrene Acrylonitrile)/PANI (Polyaniline)/FLG (Few Layers Graphene) nanocomposite coatings were produced by solution casting and sol-gel methods, respectively, to enhance corrosion resistance of ferrous based materials. Corrosive seawater and ‘produced crude oil water’ environments were selected as electrolytes for this study. Impedance and coating capacitance values obtained from Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) Alternating Current (AC technique) showed enhanced corrosion resistance of nanocomposites coatings in the corrosive environments. Tafel scan Direct Current (DC technique) was used to find the corrosion rate of nanocomposite coating. SAN/PANI/FLG coating reduced the corrosion of bare metal up to 90% in seawater whereas ZnO/GO suppressed the corrosion up to 75% having the impedance value of 100 Ω. In produced water of crude oil, SAN/PANI/FLG reduced the corrosion up to 95% while ZnO/GO suppressed the corrosion up to 10%. Hybrid composites of SAN/PANI/FLG coatings have demonstrated better performances compared to ZnO/GO in the corrosive environments under investigation. This study provides fabrication of state-of-the-art novel anti corrosive nanocomposite coatings for a wide range of industrial applications. Reduced corrosion will result in increased service lifetime, durability and reliability of components and system and will in turn lead to significant cost savings.
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Brezinová, J., J. Koncz, D. Draganovská, and A. Guzanová. "The evaluation of corrosion properties of coated materials by utilization of EIS." Koroze a ochrana materialu 60, no. 2 (June 1, 2016): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/kom-2016-0006.
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Abstract The paper presents results of research aimed at determining the corrosive properties of steel with cathode metal coating in selected corrosive environments. The corrosion properties of the tin coated steel were evaluated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiodynamic tests. For realised measurements, distilled water, 0.5 mol dm−3 NaCl solution, 0.1 mol dm−3 NaCl solution and SARS, which simulates acid rain were used as corrosive solutions. Both corrosion methods are suitable for diagnosing corrosion properties of steel with metal coatings.
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Wang, Xibao, and Yong Liang. "Corrosive wear of the Co–Cr–W alloy in liquid zinc." Journal of Materials Research 16, no. 6 (June 2001): 1585–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2001.0220.
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The corrosive wearing behavior of the Co–Cr–W alloy in liquid zinc was investigated using a specially designed wearing test machine. Its corrosion rate and wear rate during corrosive wearing process with different conditions were analyzed. The corrosive wearing mechanism of the Co–Cr–W alloy was investigated by analysis on its sliding surface using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometry, and microhardness sclerometer. The experimental results led to the following conclusions: (i) The corrosion of the Co–Cr–W alloy is accelerated by wearing process in the liquid zinc. (ii) The liquid zinc provides obvious lubrication to the sliding surfaces of this alloy and then reduces its wearing rate during the corrosive wearing process. (iii) Its corrosive wearing rate is increasing sharply with increasing temperature of the liquid zinc. (iv) The corrosive wearing of the Co–Cr–W alloy is caused by preferential corrosion of the eutectic phases in this alloy and fatigue cracking of the worn surface. The fatigue wearing of this alloy is directly due to the synthetic effect of strain hardening of the layer on and under sliding surface and serious stress corrosion in the crack tips during the corrosive wearing period.
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Zhang, Jifu, Chunming Deng, Jinbing Song, Changguang Deng, Min Liu, and Mingjiang Dai. "Electrochemical Corrosive Behaviors of Fe-Based Amorphous/ Nanocrystalline Coating on Stainless Steel Prepared by HVOF-Sprayed." Coatings 9, no. 4 (March 29, 2019): 226. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings9040226.
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In this study, FeCrMnWMoSi amorphous/nanocrystalline coating was prepared on stainless steel by high-velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) spraying. In order to thoroughly evaluate this novel material, the corrosion behaviors and corrosive film characteristics of the amorphous/nanocrystalline coating in NaCl corrosive media were studied using electrochemical measurement technologies such as potentiodynamic polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). It was found that the corrosion resistance of Fe-based amorphous/nanocrystalline coating could be attributed to the passive film formed, which consisted of Fe, Cr, Mo, and W oxides. pH has an important influence on the corrosion resistance of amorphous/nanocrystalline coating by changing the pitting corrosion mechanism. Under neutral and acidic conditions, the corrosion mechanism of Fe-based amorphous/nanocrystalline coating was mainly local pitting corrosion. However, under strong alkaline conditions, the amorphous/nanocrystalline coating not only had pitting corrosion, but also had the active dissolution of the passive film. Therefore, the anti-corrosion performance of Fe-based amorphous/nanocrystalline coating under alkaline conditions was not as good as neutral and acidic corrosive medium.
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Kumar, Saurabh, Reena Singh, and N. S. Maurya. "Assessment of Corrosion Potential Based on Water Quality Index in the Distribution Network of Urban Patna, Bihar, India." Nature Environment and Pollution Technology 21, no. 5(Suppl) (December 29, 2022): 2117–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.46488/nept.2022.v21i05.008.
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Corrosion in the distribution network pipe can lead to pipe failure and water quality problems. This study assesses the corrosion or scaling potential based on the Water Quality Index (WQI) of drinking water in the distribution networks of Patna, Bihar, India. The water samples were collected from 18 points of the distribution network. In situ parameters like temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, and TDS were measured. Other parameters such as Alkalinity, Total hardness, Calcium, Magnesium, Chloride, Residual chlorine, Sulfate, Nitrate, and Dissolved oxygen were examined in the laboratory. Corrosiveness indicators, such as the Langelier saturation index (LSI), Ryznar stability index (RSI), Puckorius scaling index (PSI), Larson-Skold index (Ls), and Aggressive index (AI) are being used for water sample corrosion prediction. Experimental Corrosion rate (CR) is analyzed to show the actual prediction of corrosion. WQI was calculated to observe the effect of water quality on Corrosiveness indices and CR. A general conclusion was reached that LSI concludes 66.67% corrosive, 22.22% scaling, and 11.11% neutral, RSI concludes 88.88% corrosive, 5.56% scaling, and 5.56% neutral, PSI indicates 38.88% corrosive, 5.56% scaling, and 55.56% neutral, Ls indicates 94.44% scaling, and 5.56% corrosive, AI indicates 77.78% corrosive, and only 22.22% scaling. The average Experimental Corrosion rate is found at 1.91 mils per year. In this study, a weak correlation (r = 0.35) between Corrosion rate and WQI has been observed. A weak correlation is also observed between corrosion rate and corrosiveness indices (r < 0.5). It is concluded that the Corrosiveness Indices fail to represent the actual behavior of water.
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Дронов and Andrey Dronov. "THE PROPERTIES OF PITTING CORROSION OF STEEL REINFORCEMENT OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS." Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov 2, no. 3 (April 4, 2017): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/24678.
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Two types of steel reinforcement depassivation process: carbonation of concrete and chloride penetration are considered in the article. The comparison between the corrosion due to carbonation of concrete and the chloride-induced corrosion was carried out. It was found out, that chlorides induced corrosion is potentially more dangerous than that resulting from carbonation. Method of durable tests of reinforced concrete structures under the action of the gravitational load and the corrosive chloride environment is described in the article. The results of experimental research on reinforced concrete structures with corrosive damages to steel reinforcement are given in the article. The properties of corrosion cracking in the case of the pitting corrosion were determined. The character of corrosive damage distribution along the reinforcement bars and its effect on the strength of reinforced concrete beams were determined.
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Pletnev, Mikhail. "Carbon nanocomposites in the corrosion inhibition." E3S Web of Conferences 225 (2021): 05002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202122505002.
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Metal-carbon nanocomposites have been investigated as additives to enhance the protective effect of corrosion inhibitors. Two inhibitors were used as corrosion inhibitors. Inhibitor VNH-L-113 (1-morpholinomethylcyclohexylamine) belongs to Schiff bases, which are known as corrosion inhibitors in neutral and acidic media. Inhibitor SNPKh-1004 is often used in the practice of corrosion protection in the oil and gas industry. For research, an electrochemical method was applied using corrosion rate meters of the Monicor type. Neutral aqueous solution and water simulating the corrosive environment of oil fields were chosen as corrosive media. The result shows, that the copper-carbon nanocomposite enhances the protective effect of corrosion inhibitors of various chemical nature in various corrosive environments. The studies carried out make it possible to consider the use of metal-carbon nanocomposites as a promising direction for increasing the effectiveness of inhibitors in the oil and gas industry.
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Guo, Qifeng, Jiliang Pan, Min Wang, Meifeng Cai, and Xun Xi. "Corrosive Environment Assessment and Corrosion-Induced Rockbolt Failure Analysis in a Costal Underground Mine." International Journal of Corrosion 2019 (March 4, 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2105842.
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As an effective ground-reinforcing system, rockbolts have been widely used in underground excavations. Corrosion of rockbolts has been one of the most reasons for rockbolts system failure. In this paper, the chemical composition and pH values of the groundwater in Sanshandao Gold mine are first tested. Corrosion of the slotted rockbolts used in roadways of the mine is analysed. The corrosion rate of rockbolts is evaluated based on experimental results from similar corrosive conditions. A time-dependent analytical model on anchoring force degradation caused by corrosion of the rockbolt is developed. Furthermore, the effects of corrosion rate and geometric parameters of the slotted rockbolts on anchoring force degradation are discussed. Suggestions on rockbolts support design in corrosive conditions are given. It has been found that, with the corrosion time increasing, the anchoring force between the rock and the rockbolt gradually decreases. The larger the corrosion rate is, the faster the anchoring force decreases. For long-term service roadways under corrosive conditions, a slotted rockbolt with a smaller radius and thicker wall can enhance the anchoring force.
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Umoren, S. A., and M. M. Solomon. "Recent Developments on the Use of Polymers as Corrosion Inhibitors - A Review." Open Materials Science Journal 8, no. 1 (July 11, 2014): 39–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874088x01408010039.
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The use of corrosion inhibitors is the one the most economical and practical means of controlling metallic corrosion in different corrosive media. Interest on the use of eco-friendly organic compounds as corrosion inhibitors has extended to the use of polymers to inhibit metallic corrosion. The use of polymers as corrosion inhibitors has attracted attention and has gained wide acceptance in recent times. This has been attributed to a number of factors namely: (i) they are low cost and stable to metallic materials in acid media, (ii) they possess multiple adsorption sites, (iii) through their functional groups, they form complexes with metal ions and on the metal surface these complexes occupy a large area, thereby blanketing the surface and protecting the metal from corrosive agents present in the solution. A number of synthetic and natural polymers as metallic corrosion inhibitors have been investigated and reported. As an update to previous review work on the use of polymers as corrosion inhibitors, the present review presents most of the contributions made to the literature on the use of polymers as corrosion inhibitors of diverse metals in different corrosive media in the last four (2010-2013) years.
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Yan, Xu, Tie Ying Li, and Ning Yang. "Corrosion Condition Research and Bearing Capacity Analysis of a Space Truss Base on Corrosive Environments." Advanced Materials Research 163-167 (December 2010): 838–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.163-167.838.
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A certain natatorium is selected as the object for the corrosion researches on common carbon steel which has been used in the corrosive environments for 20 years. Bearing and deformation capacities are calculated to simulate corrosion by elastic and elasto-plastic finite elements analysis with ANSYS. The result is shown that corrosion condition should be considerable to the space truss with thin wall thickness in the severely corrosive environments.
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Hussain, Mahmoud. "Synthesis, Characterization and evaluation of new." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY 12, no. 2 (December 16, 2016): 3956–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jac.v12i2.2153.
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ABSTRACT A new polymer surfactant derived from cis-1,4-cyclohexane bis(methylamine) and ethylenediamintetraacetic acid [2,2'-(1,12-bis(4-(aminomethyl)cyclohexyl)-3,10-dioxo-2,5,8,11-tetraazadodecane-5,8-diyl) diacetic acid ] was synthesized and characterized by FTIR and 1HNMR. A series of electrochemical measurements, including corrosion potential and corrosion current has been made on the surfactant for carbon steel samples in corrosive environment. Results showed that the surfactant can offer some degrees of protection in the corrosive environments. The corrosion study of this polymer outline that it have a good resistant to the corrosion of carbon steel in 0.1 M solution of HCl, which can be indicate to uses as anti-corrosion materials
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Zhang, Xiaowen, Lixia Wang, and Juncai Sun. "Corrosive characteristics of surface-modified stainless steel bipolar plate in solid polymer fuel cell." Modern Physics Letters B 29, no. 06n07 (March 20, 2015): 1540001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984915400011.
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In this paper, corrosion behavior of an AISI 304 stainless steel modified by niobium or niobium nitride (denoted as niobized 304 SS and Nb - N 304 SS, respectively) is investigated in simulated solid polymer fuel cell (SPFC) operating conditions. Potentiodynamic polarizations show that the corrosion potentials of surface modified 304 SS shift to positive direction while the corrosion current densities decrease greatly comparing with the bare 304 SS in simulated anodic SPFC environments. The order of corrosive resistance in corrosive potential, corrosive current density and pitting potential is: Nb - N 304 SS > niobized 304 SS > bare 304 SS. In the methanol-fueled SPFC operating conditions, the results show that the corrosion resistance of bare and niobized 304 SS increases with the methanol concentration increasing in the test solutions.
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Li, Jian Zhong, Yu Cheng Wang, Yan Wen Tian, Ying Li, and Xiu Li Sun. "Study on Corrosion Process of Lead Alloy Anode in Plating Solution of Tin Free Steel." Advanced Materials Research 396-398 (November 2011): 336–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.396-398.336.
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Plating solution of tin free steel (TFS) composes of Cr ions and F ions, which have a characteristic of strong corrosion. The weight loss/gain of the specimens immersed in the test solution was measured by using the electro-balance, to evaluate the erosion of the lead alloy in the corrosive solutions. The results show that lead alloy anode is eroded obviously by F- ions solution, and corrosion rates are constant throughout the examined time. The F- ions concentration have an insignificantly effect on corrosion rate. Corrosion product of anode materials in Cr6+ ions solution is partly deposited on anode materials surface, others might be dissolved into plating solution. This is leading to weight of anode materials remaining almost constant. But the weight of lead alloy anode firstly increases and decreases, then increases using the mixed solution of F- ions and Cr6+ ions as corrosive solution. Corrosion structure variation of lead alloy anode is investigated by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD). XRD results indicate that corrosion product structure is different using different ions solution as corrosive solution.
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Potgieter, J. H., P. Olubambi, and S. S. Potgieter-Vermaak. "The Corrosion Behaviour of WC-Co-Ru Alloys in Aggressive Chloride Media." International Journal of Electrochemistry 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/594871.
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Hardmetals possess excellent wear resistance, making them suitable alloys in several industrial applications. Mine waters with both dissolved chloride and sulphate salts can be severely corrosive and can limit the application of hardmetal tools in the mining industry. Ru additions to these alloys can refine and improve selected mechanical properties, but its influence on the corrosion resistance is unknown. A series of WC-Co-Ru alloys was evaluated in different chloride containing media to investigate their corrosion resistance. Standard electrochemical corrosion tests, chronoamperometric measurements, and surface analyses with Raman spectroscopy were conducted. An increasing amount of Ru improves the corrosion resistance of all the alloys. The effect is not as dramatic as that observed with stainless steels containing Ru in corrosive media. In both corrosive media Ru decreased the cathodic Tafel constant and has a retarding influence on the cathodic part of the corrosion reaction. Raman analyses indicated the presence of tungsten oxide, hydrated tungsten oxide compounds, and CoO and Co3O4formed on the alloy surfaces during the corrosion process.
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Liu, Xiao Chun, Jun Wei, and Zhen Yu Wang. "Use of Vibrating Wire Strain Gauges to Monitor Corrosion-Induced Deterioration of Concrete." Key Engineering Materials 517 (June 2012): 357–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.517.357.
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Steel reinforcement corrosion is always one of the most significant incentives of concrete structure deterioration, especially under severe chloride erosion environment. In order to describe the whole process of concrete deterioration induced by reinforcement corrosion, the mechanism of rust expansion and crack propagation in concrete was analyzed from the perspective of elastoplastic mechanics and fracture mechanics firstly, and experimental study was carried out to use vibrating wire strain gauges for monitoring corrosion-induced concrete deterioration process. The mechanism analysis of corrosion-induced concrete deterioration indicates that the degradation process of cover concrete can be divided into aggressive medium transmission process, free corrosive expansion process, corrosive expansion stress development process, corrosive expansion crack generation and propagation process, and vibrating wire strain gauges can be used to monitor corrosion-induced cover concrete stress development, crack initiation and propagation process along with the procedure of reinforcement corrosion. The test curve seems to be generally consistent with that of the theoretic analysis, and the signals captured by vibrating wire strain gauges can successfully reflect the durability degradation process of reinforced concrete structure under severe erosion environment.
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Michailidis, Nikolaos, Antonios Ragousis, Fani Stergioudi, and Homero Castaneda. "The footprint of surface modification treatments on the corrosion-fatigue of AA7075-T651." MATEC Web of Conferences 188 (2018): 03011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201818803011.
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Different manufacturing and surface modification treatments distinctively affect the surface characteristics and microstructure of the workpiece, having a different impact on their effective life-span. The corrosion-fatigue behavior of as-machined (wire-EDM), blasted and anodized aluminum alloy 7075-T651 was investigated using 3.5wt% NaCl aqueous solution and distilled water as corrosive media. An in-situ corrosion-fatigue device capable of producing cyclic loads in a corrosive solution was employed, coupled with FEM analysis. Blasting process offered a prolongation of the corrosion-fatigue life-span in both corrosive media, when compared to the as-machined samples under identical conditions. Anodizing had a deleterious effect in all the examined cases.
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Wan, Li Ping, Ying Feng Meng, Gao Li, and Hua Zhou. "Corrosion Behavior of Drilling Pipe Steels for High Sour Gas Field." Advanced Materials Research 415-417 (December 2011): 2292–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.415-417.2292.
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A polymer drilling fluid containing high content of hydrogen sulfide was used as the corrosive medium to investigate the effects of temperature, flow velocity, pH value and partial pressure ratio of CO2/ H2S on the corrosion behavior of high strength drill pipe steel S135 and G105. The morphology and composition of the corrosion products were analyzed as well. It was found that the average corrosion rate of the two types of steel increased with increasing temperature of the corrosive medium, with the corrosion rate to decrease slightly within 60°C-80°C and keep almost unchanged above 120°C. At the same time, the corrosion rate of the drill pipe steels had little to do with the flow rate but increased with decreasing pH value of the corrosive medium. Moreover, the partial pressure ratio of CO2/ H2S had a slight effect on the corrosion behavior of the drill pipe steel. However, the two types of drill pipe steel showed a larger corrosion rate in gas phase than in liquid phase corrosive medium, which was contrary to what were observed in gas and liquid phases corrosion tests of conventional acidic drilling fluids. In addition, it was confirmed by sulfide stress corrosion test that the drill pipe steel of a higher strength had smaller critical stress, and the resistance of the drill pipe to stress attack was ranked as G105(C)＞G105(D)＞S135(B)＞S135(A). It was anticipated that the present research results could be used to guide the selection of materials for drilling pipe steels used in natural gas field of high acidity.
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Wang, Kui, Zhanqiang Li, and Mingjie Zhao. "Mechanism of Localized Corrosion of Steel Pipe Pile Foundation for Offshore Wind Turbines and Corrosive Action." Open Civil Engineering Journal 10, no. 1 (October 31, 2016): 685–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874149501610010685.
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The wind turbine foundation serves as a permanent construction in the harsh marine corrosive environment, its anti-corrosion design is essential to the safe use of the wind turbine structure. At present, there is a significant controversy over the local corrosion mechanism (such as pitting corrosion, and crevice corrosion) and its diffusion mechanism in the academic circle. In the paper, the Faraday electrochemistry formula was used to compute the local corrosion degree of the steel pipe pile for the wind turbine and obtain the general corrosion equivalent. The local corrosion effect of the offshore steel pipe pile for the wind turbine was converted into homogeneous corrosion thickness loss of certain length, and then the ultimate strength of the offshore steel pipe pile foundation for the wind turbine was analyzed under the conditions of local corrosion. The result indicates that the maximum ultimate strength reductionof the steel pipe pile for the wind turbine induced by the local corrosion in the splash zone is 80.8% of the non-corrosive ultimate strength. The maximum ultimate strength reduction of the steel pipe pile for the wind turbine induced by the local corrosion in the continuous immersion zone is 63% of the non-corrosive ultimate strength. Once the local corrosion rate in the splash zone exceeds 10%, the ultimate strength of the steel pipe pile for the wind turbine will exhibit a negative exponential decrease. The local corrosion in the continuous immersion zone has a huge effect on its ultimate strength. There are no significant signs of the structural strength loss. The areas prone to local corrosion should be prioritized in anti-corrosion design of the steel pipe pile for the wind turbine.
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Han, Qing Kai, Hui Ru Li, Bang Chun Wen, Shui Yuan Chen, and Chang Sheng Liu. "Fractal Features of Surface Morphology of Uneven Eroded Hot-Dip Galvanized Steel." Key Engineering Materials 353-358 (September 2007): 1688–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.353-358.1688.
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The corrosion surface of hot-dip galvanized steel is regarded to be fractal and contains abundant self-similar information. In most cases, the corrosions of surface are not uniform as considered. For such an uneven eroded surface, regional fractals are introduced here in order to improve the analysis accuracy for local corrosions. Basing on the singular value decomposition of surface image, fractal dimensions of the energy norm along with the energy scale are analyzed. Combining energy norm of singular values and wavelet transform, the corrosion surfaces are described in different scales and decomposed levels.
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Liu, Congcong, Zongde Liu, Yuan Gao, Xinyu Wang, and Chao Zheng. "High-temperature corrosion behavior of TP91, C22 alloy and C22 based on laser coatings in simulated reducing corrosion environment." Materials Research Express 9, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 016519. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ac4732.
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Abstract To explore corrosion characteristics of TP91, C22 alloy and C22 laser coatings in reducing environment caused by low-nitrogen combustion at 500 °C–600 °C, a synthetic corrosive medium containing 0.2 vol% H2S-0.1 vol% O2–N2 were selected. Results showed that the order of corrosion resistance is: C22 laser coatings>C22 alloy>TP91. 550 °C was the limit corrosion temperature for C22 alloy and C22 laser coatings. The reason for the strong corrosion resistance of C22 alloy and C22 laser coatings is that a dense layer of Cr-rich corrosion products due to the is produced in the inner layer, thus protecting the matrix from direct corrosion by corrosive gas. Finer grains before corrosion tests and the formation of dense Cr2O3 inner layers in much speedier process were the main reasons for the best corrosion resistance of C22 laser coatings.
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Mathew, Varughese, and Sheila Chopin. "Corrosion reliability of copper wirebond (CuWB) packages-Impact of voltage and corrosive ions from packaging materials." International Symposium on Microelectronics 2015, no. 1 (October 1, 2015): 000286–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/isom-2015-wa51.
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Reliability of electronic devices used in extreme and harsh conditions such as in automotive applications is often associated with prevention of corrosion at the interfaces of dissimilar interconnect metals and of metal (Al or Cu) bonding pads. Packaging materials, especially molding compounds, contain several ionic components and can uptake certain level of moisture to provide electrolytic conditions to initiate corrosion processes. Probability of occurrence of corrosion in devices with high voltage applications is of special interest as many analog devices operates at higher voltages and with new CuWB packages there is a higher susceptibility of corrosive failures. This paper examines the impact of voltage on the mold compound compatibility with CuWB packages up to 65 V. Bias HAST reliability evaluation of various mold compounds at different voltages will be described. Corrosion of bonding pad (Al) and at the Al-Cu intermetallic compound interface was observed in the presence of certain ions present in mold compounds. Even though current mold compounds are “green”, the allowable amounts of halide ions can far exceed the ppm limit to prevent CuWB corrosive failures. Bromide ions are known to be very corrosive to metals. Br ions are still present in some mold compounds. The impact of the Br ion on CuWB reliability will be described. Additive impact of Br ions in presence of Cl will be examined. Another corrosive component present in many mold compounds, sulfur compounds, also can be corrosive under certain reliability stress conditions. Difference in corrosion behavior of Cu and Pd –Cu wirebonded packages due to sulfur compounds will be presented. Corrosive impact of high levels of Cl on the Al pad corrosion leading thick aluminum oxide growth and reliability failures will be discussed.
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Kubzová, Monika, Vit Křivý, Viktor Urban, and Katerina Kreislova. "Corrosive Environment Factors and their Influence on the Development of Weathering Steel Corrosion Products." Key Engineering Materials 832 (February 2020): 137–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.832.137.
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This article deals with the topic of atmospheric corrosion. Atmospheric corrosion causes damage to nearly 80% of all existing steel structures. The main parameters of atmospheric corrosion are the time of wetness (TOW), air temperature and aggressive corrosive agents such as chlorides, sulfur dioxide and others. Currently, low alloy steels with improved atmospheric corrosion resistance called weathering steels are used for the steel structures located in outdoor environment. A protective layer of corrosion products is created on the steel surface and this layer can reduce continuation of corrosion of steel. The time of wetness together with the effect of aggressive corrosive agents are various for surfaces oriented vertically or horizontally. Experimental tests of atmospheric weathering steel were carried out to monitor the impact of location and position of surface on the different constructions. These tests allow monitoring the development of corrosion products in real exposures. The article presents a part of the research, which includes monitoring the development of the thickness of corrosion products with regard to the position on the structure. Research is developed to refine of prediction models with the aim of improving determination of corrosion losses during the service life of the structure. Second part of these experiments is dedicated to measuring the deposition rate of chlorides. Chlorides have a corrosive impact on the steel surface. Under normal conditions the chlorides does not create suitable environment for the development of a protective layer of corrosion products.
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Rippy, Kerry C., Emily Volk, Reagan Beers, Eric Kozubal, Kristin Gauderman, and Judith Vidal. "Corrosion of Metal Alloys in Potassium Acetate Solutions for Liquid Desiccant Dehumidification and Air Conditioning." Energies 15, no. 12 (June 17, 2022): 4421. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15124421.
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For commercial buildings, liquid desiccant air conditioners (LDACs) could provide up to 80% energy savings compared to high-efficiency vapor compression AC, but commonly utilized liquid desiccants are highly corrosive. This precludes the use of metallic components, necessitating specialized plastics and thereby driving up cost, weight, and limiting operational temperature and pressure ranges. Less corrosive alternatives are sought. Here, potassium acetate solutions are investigated as less-corrosive alternatives to the chloride salt solutions that are typically used in LDAC systems. Corrosion evaluations for a Cu alloy (C12200) and two Al alloys (Al3003 and Al1100) in both potassium acetate and chloride salt solutions are presented. We show that yearly corrosion rates are lower in potassium acetate solutions by up to three orders of magnitude. Active corrosion behavior is largely absent in potassium acetate solutions but is present in chloride salt solutions. Furthermore, solid corrosion products are observed in chloride salt solutions. Thus, we conclude that potassium acetate is a promising candidate as a less corrosive alternative liquid desiccant for LDAC systems with metallic components.
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Kolawole, S. K., F. O. Kolawole, O. P. Enegela, O. O. Adewoye, A. B. O. Soboyejo, and W. O. Soboyejo. "Pitting Corrosion of a Low Carbon Steel in Corrosive Environments: Experiments and Models." Advanced Materials Research 1132 (December 2015): 349–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1132.349.
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This paper presents the results of the combined study of experiments and modeling of the pitting corrosion behavior of low carbon steel. The effects of pH are elucidated via experiments on low carbon steel exposed to various corrosive media. The corrosion rates for the steel samples immersed in various corrosive media were determined by polarization experiments via a gamry potentiostat. The microscopic observations of the surfaces reveal clear evidence of corrosion pits that increase in size with increasing exposure duration. The observed pit size distribution and the evolution of pit size are modeled using statistical models. The implications of the results are used for the application of low carbon steels in corrosive environment.
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Dawood, Nawal Mohammed. "Erosion-Corrosion Behavior of Al-20%Ni-Al2O3 Metal Matrix Composites by Stir Casting." Materials Science Forum 1002 (July 2020): 161–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1002.161.
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Aluminium as matrix in particulars have been vastlys investigateds, this is becauses of the diverses applicationss of aluminium dues to its exceptional propertiess. Material scientistss alwayss face a challenges when it comess to the tribologicals and mechanicals propertiess of aluminium, as it exudess rather poors behaviours in these aspectss. Hences this works aims to improves the mechanicals and corrosives resistances of Aluminiums by reinforcings with aluminum oxides and Nickel throughs stir casting usings vortex techniques. Al-Ni-Al2O3 composites with percentages of Ni fixed at 20 % and Al2O3 differed through 4-8% in incrementss of 2 wt. % . Composites material was prepareds by stir castings using vortex techniques. The hardness value of the aluminiums matrix composites improved with increaseds percentages of Al2O3, maximums increase was obtaineds for 8% Al2O3 composite, viewing an increases of about 55%. A generals corrosions and erosion-corrosions for the Al-20%Ni bases alloys and the prepareds composites were carrieds out in 3.5wt% NaCl solutions as corrosives mediums for general corrosions while in erosion-corrosions with impacts angles 90° in slurry solutions ( 1wt%SiO2 sand in 3.5wt% NaCl solution as the erodent). It was founds that the general corrosions rates for composite specimens is lower than thats of the bases alloy (Al-20%Ni). In case of erosion-corrosion resultss, it was founds that the erosion corrosions resistances property of the prepareds composites improveds significantlys with the increaseds percentages of Al2O3. There wass a noticeable improvements in the corrosion resistances of the aluminiums composites compareds to its purest forms, owing to the presences of nickel. Howevers, the increases in Al2O3 percentages decrease the corrosions rates. The extreme decreases was obtaineds for 8% Al2O3 composites, with a decreases of 26% corrosion rates in (mpy) unit for composites material is lowers than that of the bases alloys.
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Hadi, Syamsul, Sza Sya Monica Valeria, Satworo Adiwidodo, Utsman Syah Amrullah, R. N. Akhsanu Takwim, and Hilmi Iman Firmansyah. "Corrosion Rate of Black Chromium Coating Result of Electroplating on Copper." INTEK: Jurnal Penelitian 7, no. 2 (February 3, 2021): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.31963/intek.v7i2.2681.
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The problem faced is that the white chromium coating has a low selling value or aesthetic value than the black chromium layer which is more in demand, especially by the younger generation who prioritizes aesthetics. The purpose of the corrosion test was to determine the corrosion resistance ability of the black chromium coating resulting from the electroplating process on the relationship between the solution temperature and the immersion time of copper in a corrosive solution. Corrosion test methods include literature studies, field observations, weighing specimens, immersing specimens in corrosive solutions, weighing specimens, calculating corrosion rates, and data analyzing. Corrosion test results show that the higher the temperature of the solution and the longer the immersion time, the smaller the corrosion rate for the lowest conditions at 30oC and a duration of 5 minutes with a corrosion rate of 0.2004 mm/year and the highest conditions at a temperature of 50oC and a duration of 9 minutes at a rate of corrosion of 0.0108 mm/year.
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Flores-Garcia, N. S., C. D. Arrieta-Gonzalez, J. J. Ramos-Hernandez, G. K. Pedraza-Basulto, J. G. Gonzalez-Rodriguez, J. Porcayo-Calderon, and L. Martinez-Gomez. "Rare Earth-Based Compounds as Inhibitors of Hot-Corrosion Induced by Vanadium Salts." Materials 12, no. 22 (November 19, 2019): 3796. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12223796.
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In this study, the performance evaluation of lanthanum compounds as corrosion inhibitors of vanadium salts was performed. The inhibitors tested were lanthanum acetate and La2O3. The performance of the inhibitors was tested using sodium metavanadate (NaVO3) as a corrosive medium at 700, 800, and 900 °C. The corrosion inhibitory effect was evaluated on the corrosion process of 304H stainless steel. The corrosion rate of the steel was determined by the mass loss technique after 100 h of immersion in the corrosive salt with and without the addition of the corrosion inhibitor. The results show that lanthanum compounds act as corrosion inhibitors of vanadium salts. The inhibitory effect increases by increasing the concentration and tends to decrease when increasing the test temperature. Lanthanum compounds act as excellent corrosion inhibitors due to their ability to stabilize vanadium cations. Vanadium is stabilized by forming a new compound, lanthanum vanadate (LaVO4), with a melting point much higher than the compounds formed when Mg or Ni compounds are used as corrosion inhibitors.
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Martin, Holly J., M. F. Horstemeyer, and Paul T. Wang. "Effects of Variations in Salt-Spray Conditions on the Corrosion Mechanisms of an AE44 Magnesium Alloy." International Journal of Corrosion 2010 (2010): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/602342.
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The understanding of how corrosion affects magnesium alloys is of utmost importance as the automotive and aerospace industries have become interested in the use of these lightweight alloys. However, the standardized salt-spray test does not produce adequate corrosion results when compared with field data, due to the lack of multiple exposure environments. This research explored four test combinations through three sets of cycles to determine how the corrosion mechanisms of pitting, intergranular corrosion, and general corrosion were affected by the environment. Of the four test combinations, Humidity-Drying was the least corrosive, while the most corrosive test condition was Salt Spray-Humidity-Drying. The differences in corrosivity of the test conditions are due to the various reactions needed to cause corrosion, including the presence of chloride ions to cause pit nucleation, the presence of humidity to cause galvanic corrosion, and the drying phase which trapped chloride ions beneath the corrosion by-products.
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Zhou, Qi, Chun Lin He, and Qing Kui Cai. "Corrosion Behavior of Sealed Films on Anodized Al Alloy." Advanced Materials Research 233-235 (May 2011): 1498–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.233-235.1498.
Full textAbstract:
Alumina sol sealing is one of new green technology for anodized Al alloy. The corrosion mechanism of films sealed by sol and corrosion behaviour of films sealed by sol, Na2Cr2O7, boiling water were analyzed by their curves of open circuit voltage-time (E-T) and potentiodynamic polarization curve. It is found that corrosion tendency of sol sealing film is less than other sealed films by E-T inspection. Fluctuation of open-circuit potential is furious in the immersing prophase and slows down in the anaphase for anodized sealed films. At this time corrosive reactions gradually reach steady state. Open-circuit potential greatly waves for the rough sealed films. Potentiodynamic polarization curves of sealed films show that passive area is the longest for films sealed by sol which has the minimum corrosive current , the passivate current, anodic current and cathode current, but the maximum pitting potential and open-circuit potential. Corrosion parameters are the second for the film sealed by dichromate. Anodic reactions are strongly inhibited by sol sealing films in Cl- corrosive solution. Sol sealing films weaken cathode O2 depolarize reaction. Cl- ions erode anodized Al material on which covered with sol film and produce corrosion. The corrosion of sol-gel film goes through two periods: pitting induced phase and pitting corrosion period.
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Selvam Kevin, Panneer, Abhishek Tiwari, Saravanan Seman, Syed Ali Beer Mohamed, and Rengaswamy Jayaganthan. "Erosion-Corrosion Protection Due to Cr3C2-NiCr Cermet Coating on Stainless Steel." Coatings 10, no. 11 (October 28, 2020): 1042. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10111042.
Full textAbstract:
Cr3C2–NiCr coatings have been used extensively to combat the erosion corrosion of hydro power turbine blades made of stainless steel. Cr3C2–NiCr coatings are also used in aqueous corrosive environments due to the high corrosion resistance rendered by the NiCr binder. In this investigation, both erosion and corrosion environments are introduced to cermet coating to study corrosion behavior using potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. The cermet coatings are useful for reducing the risk of deterioration of mechanical properties of hydro power turbines due to the continuous exposure to the erosive and corrosive action of the corrosive environment containing silt. It was observed that Cr3C2–NiCr coating offered a reasonable improvement in corrosion resistance when compared to bare substrate. The corrosion behavior of the coating was studied in a 150 mL solution of 0.1 M NaCl with 2 gms of quartz particles (0.2–0.8 mm) at various rotation speeds (3000, 4500, 6000 rpm) of the solution over a 1 h immersion using potentiodynamic polarization and EIS studies in a specifically designed experimental set-up for erosion corrosion. When compared to the bare stainless steel samples at 3000 rpm and 6000 rpm, the coating showed the highest improvement at 6.57 times and the least improvement at 3.79 times, respectively.
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Ma, Rui Na, An Du, Jian Jun Wu, and Xiao Ming Cao. "Corrosive Wear Behavior of Several Materials Coupled with Si3N4 in the Molten Zinc." Applied Mechanics and Materials 34-35 (October 2010): 1804–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.34-35.1804.
Full textAbstract:
In continuous hot dip galvanizing, serving parts working in the molten zinc, such as sink roll, sleeves, etc. tend towards degradation and failure due to corrosion and wear. In this paper, corrosive wear performance of several materials, such as boronized，H13，Co-based alloy and Fe-based alloy coupled with Si3N4 is evaluated with the aid of a self-made test machine of block-column sliding wear. Moreover, the corrosive wear mechanism is analyzed. It has been found that these materials suffered not only considerable wear, but also the corrosion of molten zinc. For boronized layer, the wear is the main reason to cause the failure of work parts under the act of the corrosive wear. For H13, the interaction between corrosion and wear plays a very important role on its failure. For those alloys with bad corrosion resistance such as Co-based alloy and Fe-based alloy, both corrosion of solid solution and wear of intermetallic compound act on their failure at the same time. However, the rate of wear shows no obvious relation to the hardness although wear performance is important. The failure greatly lies on the ratio of the hardness of corrosion products to matrix.