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Journal articles on the topic 'Cortical scaffolds'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 12 February 2022

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1

Lipowiecki, Marcin, and Dermot Brabazon. "Design of Bone Scaffolds Structures for Rapid Prototyping with Increased Strength and Osteoconductivity." Advanced Materials Research 83-86 (December 2009): 914–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.83-86.914.

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The geometry of bone scaffolds plays a crucial role in bone tissue regeneration. This architecture, especially pore size and shape, determines the mechanical strength of the scaffold. A number of previous workers have indicated the parameters which are believed to be the main stimulus in the adaptive bone remodelling process. An ideal bone manufacturing system would deliver bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) and provide adequate mechanical properties. The aim of this study was to design a highly osteoconductive and mechanically strong bone regeneration scaffold which can be successfully manufac

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Qin, Jingwen, Meizhi Wang, Tianyun Zhao, et al. "Early Forebrain Neurons and Scaffold Fibers in Human Embryos." Cerebral Cortex 30, no. 3 (2019): 913–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhz136.

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Abstract Neural progenitor proliferation, neuronal migration, areal organization, and pioneer axon wiring are critical events during early forebrain development, yet remain incompletely understood, especially in human. Here, we studied forebrain development in human embryos aged 5 to 8 postconceptional weeks (WPC5–8), stages that correspond to the neuroepithelium/early marginal zone (WPC5), telencephalic preplate (WPC6 & 7), and incipient cortical plate (WPC8). We show that early telencephalic neurons are formed at the neuroepithelial stage; the most precocious ones originate from local te

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Wang, Li Li, Xiu Feng Wang, Hong Tao Jiang, and Cheng Long Yu. "Preparation of Porous Hydroxyapatite-Zirconia Composite Scaffolds by Combination of Gel-Casting and Polymer Sponge Methods." Advanced Materials Research 105-106 (April 2010): 616–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.105-106.616.

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Hydroxyapatite (HA) doped with 3%yttria-stabilized 20wt% zirconia (ZrO2) ceramic were developed in order to produce a porous composite biomaterial by integrating the gel-casting technique with polymer sponge method with improved mechanical strength and controllable porous structure. The pore morphology, size, and distribution of the scaffolds were characterized using an electron microscope. The scaffolds prepared have an open, uniform and interconnected porous structure with a pore size of 300~500m. The porosity of the open pores in the scaffold can be controlled by changing HA-ZrO2 composite

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Stuckensen, Kai, José M. Lamo-Espinosa, Emma Muiños-López, et al. "Anisotropic Cryostructured Collagen Scaffolds for Efficient Delivery of RhBMP–2 and Enhanced Bone Regeneration." Materials 12, no. 19 (2019): 3105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12193105.

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In the treatment of bone non-unions, an alternative to bone autografts is the use of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), e.g., BMP–2, BMP–7, with powerful osteoinductive and osteogenic properties. In clinical settings, these osteogenic factors are applied using absorbable collagen sponges for local controlled delivery. Major side effects of this strategy are derived from the supraphysiological doses of BMPs needed, which may induce ectopic bone formation, chronic inflammation, and excessive bone resorption. In order to increase the efficiency of the delivered BMPs, we designed cryostructured c

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Gu, Ben Jiahe, Dennis Jgamadze, Guoming (Tony) Man, and Han-Chiao Isaac Chen. "4418 Optimization and Validation of a Silk Scaffold-Based Neural Tissue Construct." Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 4, s1 (2020): 13–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cts.2020.85.

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OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Our goal is to develop a silk fibroin scaffold-based neural tissue construct and characterize it in a rat model of cortical injury. We aim to optimize the construct for transplantation, test pharmacologic interventions that may enhance its survival, and evaluate its integration with the host brain. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: To optimize cell density and health, silk fibroin scaffolds varying in porosity and stiffness were seeded with E18 GFP+ rat cortical neurons and imaged at DIV 5. Different seeding methods and loads were similarly tested. Constructs, loaded with an inhibito

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Mahmood, Asim, Hongtao Wu, Changsheng Qu, et al. "Suppression of neurocan and enhancement of axonal density in rats after treatment of traumatic brain injury with scaffolds impregnated with bone marrow stromal cells." Journal of Neurosurgery 120, no. 5 (2014): 1147–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2013.12.jns131362.

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Object Neurocan is a major form of growth-inhibitory molecule (growth-IM) that suppresses axonal regeneration after neural injury. Bone marrow stromal cells (MSCs) have been shown to inhibit neurocan expression in vitro and in animal models of cerebral ischemia. Therefore, the present study was designed to investigate the effects of treatment of MSCs impregnated with collagen scaffolds on neurocan expression after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods Adult male Wistar rats were injured with controlled cortical impact and treated with saline, human MSCs (hMSCs) (3 × 106) alone, or hMSCs (3 × 1

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Linder, Houston R., Austin A. Glass, Delbert E. Day, and Scott A. Sell. "Manipulating Air-Gap Electrospinning to Create Aligned Polymer Nanofiber-Wrapped Glass Microfibers for Cortical Bone Tissue Engineering." Bioengineering 7, no. 4 (2020): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering7040165.

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Osteons are the repeating unit throughout cortical bone, consisting of canals filled with blood and nerve vessels surrounded by concentric lamella of hydroxyapatite-containing collagen fibers, providing mechanical strength. Creating a biodegradable scaffold that mimics the osteon structure is crucial for optimizing cellular infiltration and ultimately the replacement of the scaffold with native cortical bone. In this study, a modified air-gap electrospinning setup was exploited to continuously wrap highly aligned polycaprolactone polymer nanofibers around individual 1393 bioactive glass microf

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Dehghan-Manshadi, Ali, Yunhui Chen, Zhiming Shi, et al. "Porous Titanium Scaffolds Fabricated by Metal Injection Moulding for Biomedical Applications." Materials 11, no. 9 (2018): 1573. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11091573.

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Biocompatible titanium scaffolds with up to 40% interconnected porosity were manufactured through the metal injection moulding process and the space holder technique. The mechanical properties of the manufactured scaffold showed a high level of compatibility with those of the cortical human bone. Sintering at 1250 °C produced scaffolds with 36% porosity and more than 90% interconnected pores, a compressive yield stress of 220 MPa and a Young’s modulus of 7.80 GPa, all suitable for bone tissue engineering. Increasing the sintering temperature to 1300 °C increased the Young’s modulus to 22.0 GPa

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Du, Dajiang, Teruo Asaoka, Makoto Shinohara, Tomonori Kageyama, Takashi Ushida, and Katsuko Sakai Furukawa. "Microstereolithography-Based Fabrication of Anatomically Shaped Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering." BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/859456.

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Porous ceramic scaffolds with shapes matching the bone defects may result in more efficient grafting and healing than the ones with simple geometries. Using computer-assisted microstereolithography (MSTL), we have developed a novel gelcasting indirect MSTL technology and successfully fabricated two scaffolds according to CT images of rabbit femur. Negative resin molds with outer 3D dimensions conforming to the femur and an internal structure consisting of stacked meshes with uniform interconnecting struts, 0.5 mm in diameter, were fabricated by MSTL. The second mold type was designed for corti

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Wong, Darice Y., Paul H. Krebsbach, and Scott J. Hollister. "Brain cortex regeneration affected by scaffold architectures." Journal of Neurosurgery 109, no. 4 (2008): 715–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns/2008/109/10/0715.

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Object The aim of this study was to compare designed scaffolds with a random-pored sponge scaffold to determine what role scaffold architecture plays in a cortical injury model. Methods Cylindrical scaffolds (3 × 3 mm) were made of a poly-(ε-caprolactone) polymer with 2 different molds from a 3D printer and had either: 1) unidirectional channels and microgrooves oriented longitudinally within the cylinder or 2) orthogonally intersecting channels and axial microgrooves within the cylinder. Additional randomized porosity was imparted using a salt-leaching method. A control scaffold without chann

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Ziaee, Mohsen, Rebecca Hershman, Ayesha Mahmood, and Nathan B. Crane. "Fabrication of Demineralized Bone Matrix/Polycaprolactone Composites Using Large Area Projection Sintering (LAPS)." Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing 3, no. 2 (2019): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmmp3020030.

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Cadaveric decellularized bone tissue is utilized as an allograft in many musculoskeletal surgical procedures. Typically, the allograft acts as a scaffold to guide tissue regeneration with superior biocompatibility relative to synthetic scaffolds. Traditionally these scaffolds are machined into the required dimensions and shapes. However, the geometrical simplicity and, in some cases, limited dimensions of the donated tissue restrict the use of allograft scaffolds. This could be overcome by additive manufacturing using granulated bone that is both decellularized and demineralized. In this study

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Qu, Changsheng, Ye Xiong, Asim Mahmood, et al. "Treatment of traumatic brain injury in mice with bone marrow stromal cell–impregnated collagen scaffolds." Journal of Neurosurgery 111, no. 4 (2009): 658–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2009.4.jns081681.

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Object This study was designed to investigate new ways of delivering human marrow stromal cells (hMSCs) to the injured brain by impregnating them into collagen scaffolds in a mouse model of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods Eight C57BL/6 J mice were injured with controlled cortical impact and received transplantation into the lesion cavity of 0.3 × 106 hMSCs impregnated into 3D porous collagen scaffolds. Additional experimental groups of 8 mice each received scaffolds implanted alone into the lesion cavity, hMSCs administered alone intracerebrally or intravenously, or saline injected into

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Liu, YuHao. "Bio Focus: Silk-collagen scaffolds engineered to create cortical brain tissue model." MRS Bulletin 41, no. 2 (2016): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs.2016.8.

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Hwang, Do Won, Jong Bo Park, Dongchul Sung, et al. "3D graphene-cellulose nanofiber hybrid scaffolds for cortical reconstruction in brain injuries." 2D Materials 6, no. 4 (2019): 045043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2053-1583/ab3889.

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15

Nisbet, D. R., S. Pattanawong, N. E. Ritchie, et al. "Interaction of embryonic cortical neurons on nanofibrous scaffolds for neural tissue engineering." Journal of Neural Engineering 4, no. 2 (2007): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1741-2560/4/2/004.

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Xu, Qinwei, Lin Jin, Cheng Li, Shreyas Kuddannayai, and Yilei Zhang. "The effect of electrical stimulation on cortical cells in 3D nanofibrous scaffolds." RSC Advances 8, no. 20 (2018): 11027–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ra01323c.

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Gladfelter, Amy S., Trevin R. Zyla, and Daniel J. Lew. "Genetic Interactions among Regulators of Septin Organization." Eukaryotic Cell 3, no. 4 (2004): 847–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/ec.3.4.847-854.2004.

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ABSTRACT Septins form a cortical scaffold at the yeast mother-bud neck that restricts the diffusion of cortical proteins between the mother and bud and serves as a signaling center that is important for governing various cell functions. After cell cycle commitment in late G1, septins are assembled into a narrow ring at the future bud site, which spreads to form a mature septin hourglass immediately after bud emergence. Although several septin regulators have been identified, it is unclear how they cooperate to assemble the septin scaffold. We have examined septin localization in isogenic strai

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Sotoudeh, Amir, Gholamreza Jahanshahi, Amirali Jahanshahi, Mohammad Ashrafzadeh Takhtfooladi, Iman Shabani, and Masoud Soleimani. "Combination of poly L-lactic acid nanofiber scaffold with omentum graft for bone healing in experimental defect in tibia of rabbits." Acta Cirurgica Brasileira 27, no. 10 (2012): 694–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-86502012001000005.

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PURPOSE: To investigate the osteoconductive properties and biological performance of Poly L-lactic acid (PLLA) with omentum in bone defects. METHODS: PLLA nanofiber scaffolds were prepared via electrospinning technique. Forty four New Zealand white female rabbits randomly divided into three groups of 18 rabbits each. Created defects in right tibias were filled in group I with omentum, in group II with PLLA nanofiber scaffold and in group III with combination of the omentum and PLLA. The same defects were created in left tibia of all groups but did not receive any treatment (control group). His

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Mancuso, Elena, Naif Alharbi, Oana A. Bretcanu, et al. "Three-dimensional printing of porous load-bearing bioceramic scaffolds." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine 231, no. 6 (2017): 575–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954411916682984.

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This article reports on the use of the binder jetting three-dimensional printing process combined with sintering to process bioceramic materials to form micro- and macroporous three-dimensional structures. Three different glass-ceramic formulations, apatite–wollastonite and two silicate-based glasses, have been processed using this route to create porous structures which have Young’s modulus equivalent to cortical bone and average bending strengths in the range 24–36 MPa. It is demonstrated that a range of macroporous geometries can be created with accuracies of ±0.25 mm over length scales up

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Costa, Hermes S., Alexandra A. P. Mansur, Edel Figueiredo Barbosa-Stancioli, Marivalda Pereira, and Herman S. Mansur. "Hybrid Bioactive Glass-Polyvinyl Alcohol Prepared by Sol-Gel." Materials Science Forum 587-588 (June 2008): 62–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.587-588.62.

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Bioactive glasses are materials that have been used for the repair and reconstruction of diseased bone tissues, as they exhibit direct bonding with human bone tissues. However, bioactive glasses have low mechanical properties compared to cortical and cancellous bone. On the other hand, composite materials of biodegradable polymers with inorganic bioactive glasses are of particular interest to engineered scaffolds because they often show an excellent balance between strength and toughness and usually improved characteristics compared to their individual components. Composite bioactive glass-pol

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Neto, Ana, and José Ferreira. "Synthetic and Marine-Derived Porous Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering." Materials 11, no. 9 (2018): 1702. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11091702.

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Bone is a vascularized and connective tissue. The cortical bone is the main part responsible for the support and protection of the remaining systems and organs of the body. The trabecular spongy bone serves as the storage of ions and bone marrow. As a dynamic tissue, bone is in a constant remodelling process to adapt to the mechanical demands and to repair small lesions that may occur. Nevertheless, due to the increased incidence of bone disorders, the need for bone grafts has been growing over the past decades and the development of an ideal bone graft with optimal properties remains a clinic

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Skop, Nolan B., Sweta Singh, Henri Antikainen, et al. "Subacute Transplantation of Native and Genetically Engineered Neural Progenitors Seeded on Microsphere Scaffolds Promote Repair and Functional Recovery After Traumatic Brain Injury." ASN Neuro 11 (January 2019): 175909141983018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1759091419830186.

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There is intense interest and effort toward regenerating the brain after severe injury. Stem cell transplantation after insult to the central nervous system has been regarded as the most promising approach for repair; however, engrafting cells alone might not be sufficient for effective regeneration. In this study, we have compared neural progenitors (NPs) from the fetal ventricular zone (VZ), the postnatal subventricular zone, and an immortalized radial glia (RG) cell line engineered to conditionally secrete the trophic factor insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). Upon differentiation in vitr

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Van der Stok, Johan, Olav P. Van der Jagt, Saber Amin Yavari, et al. "Selective laser melting-produced porous titanium scaffolds regenerate bone in critical size cortical bone defects." Journal of Orthopaedic Research 31, no. 5 (2012): 792–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jor.22293.

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Chen, Cheng, Xin Dong, Kai-Heng Fang, et al. "Develop a 3D neurological disease model of human cortical glutamatergic neurons using micropillar-based scaffolds." Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 9, no. 3 (2019): 557–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsb.2019.03.004.

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Romero, Raimundo, Laura Chubb, John K. Travers, Timothy R. Gonzales, Nicole P. Ehrhart, and Matt J. Kipper. "Coating cortical bone allografts with periosteum-mimetic scaffolds made of chitosan, trimethyl chitosan, and heparin." Carbohydrate Polymers 122 (May 2015): 144–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.01.015.

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Haugen, Håvard Jostein, Marta Monjo, Marina Rubert, et al. "Porous ceramic titanium dioxide scaffolds promote bone formation in rabbit peri-implant cortical defect model." Acta Biomaterialia 9, no. 2 (2013): 5390–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2012.09.009.

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Crovace, Alberto Maria, Luca Lacitignola, Donato Monopoli Forleo, et al. "3D Biomimetic Porous Titanium (Ti6Al4V ELI) Scaffolds for Large Bone Critical Defect Reconstruction: An Experimental Study in Sheep." Animals 10, no. 8 (2020): 1389. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10081389.

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The main goal in the treatment of large bone defects is to guarantee a rapid loading of the affected limb. In this paper, the authors proposed a new reconstructive technique that proved to be suitable to reach this purpose through the use of a custom-made biomimetic porous titanium scaffold. An in vivo study was undertaken where a complete critical defect was experimentally created in the diaphysis of the right tibia of twelve sheep and replaced with a five-centimeter porous scaffold of electron beam melting (EBM)-sintered titanium alloy (EBM group n = 6) or a porous hydroxyapatite scaffold (C

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Liao, Chengzhu, Yuchao Li, and Sie Chin Tjong. "Polyetheretherketone and Its Composites for Bone Replacement and Regeneration." Polymers 12, no. 12 (2020): 2858. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12122858.

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In this article, recent advances in the development, preparation, biocompatibility and mechanical properties of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and its composites for hard and soft tissue engineering are reviewed. PEEK has been widely employed for fabricating spinal fusions due to its radiolucency, chemical stability and superior sterilization resistance at high temperatures. PEEK can also be tailored into patient-specific implants for treating orbital and craniofacial defects in combination with additive manufacturing process. However, PEEK is bioinert, lacking osseointegration after implantation

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Mahmood, Asim, Hongtao Wu, Changsheng Qu, Ye Xiong, and Michael Chopp. "Effects of treating traumatic brain injury with collagen scaffolds and human bone marrow stromal cells on sprouting of corticospinal tract axons into the denervated side of the spinal cord." Journal of Neurosurgery 118, no. 2 (2013): 381–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2012.11.jns12753.

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Object This study was designed to investigate how transplantation into injured brain of human bone marrow stromal cells (hMSCs) impregnated in collagen scaffolds affects axonal sprouting in the spinal cord after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in rats. Also investigated was the relationship of axonal sprouting to sensorimotor functional recovery after treatment. Methods Adult male Wistar rats (n = 24) underwent a controlled cortical impact injury and were divided into three equal groups (8 rats/group). The two treatment groups received either hMSCs (3 × 106) alone or hMSC (3 × 106)–impregnated co

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Uri, Ofir, Eyal Behrbalk, and Yoram Folman. "Local implantation of autologous adipose-derived stem cells increases femoral strength and bone density in osteoporotic rats: A randomized controlled animal study." Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery 26, no. 3 (2018): 230949901879953. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2309499018799534.

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Background: Deficient osteogenic capacity of bone marrow stem cells plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of osteoporosis. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have emerged as a promising source of skeletal progenitor cells. The capacity of ADSCs to undergo osteogenic differentiation and induce mineralized tissue formation may be beneficial in the treatment of osteoporosis. We question whether administration of autologous ADSCs into the proximal femur of osteoporotic rats will induce osteogenesis and enhance bone quality and strength. Materials and Methods: Thirty ovariectomized female ra

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Zhong, Yinghui, and Ravi V. Bellamkonda. "Biomaterials for the central nervous system." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 5, no. 26 (2008): 957–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2008.0071.

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Biomaterials are widely used to help treat neurological disorders and/or improve functional recovery in the central nervous system (CNS). This article reviews the application of biomaterials in (i) shunting systems for hydrocephalus, (ii) cortical neural prosthetics, (iii) drug delivery in the CNS, (iv) hydrogel scaffolds for CNS repair, and (v) neural stem cell encapsulation for neurotrauma. The biological and material requirements for the biomaterials in these applications are discussed. The difficulties that the biomaterials might face in each application and the possible solutions are also

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Horne, Malcolm K., David R. Nisbet, John S. Forsythe, and Clare L. Parish. "Three-Dimensional Nanofibrous Scaffolds Incorporating Immobilized BDNF Promote Proliferation and Differentiation of Cortical Neural Stem Cells." Stem Cells and Development 19, no. 6 (2010): 843–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/scd.2009.0158.

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Crowe, J. A., A. El-Tamer, D. Nagel, et al. "Development of two-photon polymerised scaffolds for optical interrogation and neurite guidance of human iPSC-derived cortical neuronal networks." Lab on a Chip 20, no. 10 (2020): 1792–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9lc01209e.

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We identified photopolymers for 2-photon polymerisation with biocompatibility for human iPSC-derived neural network development. Generation of microscale scaffold topologies enabled neurite guidance, demonstrating use in reproducing aligned networks.

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Evans, Michael G., Arwa Al-Shakli, and Divya M. Chari. "Electrophysiological properties of neurons grown on soft polymer scaffolds reveal the potential to develop neuromimetic culture environments." Integrative Biology 11, no. 11 (2019): 395–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/intbio/zyz033.

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Abstract Tissue engineering methodologies for various physiological systems are seeing a significant trend towards 3D cell culture in or on ‘soft’ polymeric hydrogel materials, widely considered to provide a more biomimetic environment for cell growth versus ‘hard’ materials such as glass or plastic. Progress has been slower with 3D neural cell culture with current studies overwhelmingly reliant on hard substrates. Accordingly, our knowledge of the alterations in electrochemical properties of neurons propagated in soft materials is relatively limited. In this study, primary cortical neurons an

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Pors, S. E., M. Ramløse, D. Nikiforov, et al. "Initial steps in reconstruction of the human ovary: survival of pre-antral stage follicles in a decellularized human ovarian scaffold." Human Reproduction 34, no. 8 (2019): 1523–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dez077.

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Abstract STUDY QUESTION Can a reconstructed ovary using decellularized human ovarian tissue (DCT) support survival of pre-antral stage follicles? SUMMARY ANSWER We have demonstrated an effective protocol for decellularization of human ovarian tissues and successful recellularization with isolated human ovarian cells and pre-antral follicles. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Survivors of leukemia or ovarian cancer run a risk of reintroducing malignancy when cryopreserved ovarian tissue is transplanted to restore fertility. A reconstructed ovary free of malignant cells could provide a safe alternative. Dec

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He, Shu-Kun, Liang-Ju Ning, Xuan Yao, et al. "Hierarchically Demineralized Cortical Bone Combined With Stem Cell–Derived Extracellular Matrix for Regeneration of the Tendon-Bone Interface." American Journal of Sports Medicine 49, no. 5 (2021): 1323–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546521994511.

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Background: Poor healing of the tendon-bone interface after rotator cuff repair is one of the main causes of surgical failure. Previous studies demonstrated that demineralized cortical bone (DCB) could improve healing of the enthesis. Purpose: To evaluate the outcomes of hierarchically demineralized cortical bone (hDCB) coated with stem cell–derived extracellular matrix (hDCB-ECM) in the repair of the rotator cuff in a rabbit model. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Tendon-derived stem cells (TDSCs) were isolated, cultured, and identified. Then, hDCB was prepared by the grade

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Cetinel, Oktay, Ziya Esen, and Bora Yildirim. "Fabrication, Morphology Analysis, and Mechanical Properties of Ti Foams Manufactured Using the Space Holder Method for Bone Substitute Materials." Metals 9, no. 3 (2019): 340. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met9030340.

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Porous titanium (Ti) offers several key attributes as a biomedical material. Among the known characteristics of Ti relevant to biomedical applications, the mechanical performance and effects of a pore structure on the deformation characteristics under compressive loading were examined. The space holder method was employed to generate Ti foams with target porosities of 60%, 70%, and 80%. A micro-computed to mography analysis and light and scanning electron microscopy were performed to examine the pore morphology and microstructure. The mechanical properties along with the elastic modulus and co

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Arumugam, Soundhar, Jayakrishna Kandasamy, Ain Umaira Md Shah, et al. "Investigations on the Mechanical Properties of Glass Fiber/Sisal Fiber/Chitosan Reinforced Hybrid Polymer Sandwich Composite Scaffolds for Bone Fracture Fixation Applications." Polymers 12, no. 7 (2020): 1501. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12071501.

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This study aims to explore the mechanical properties of hybrid glass fiber (GF)/sisal fiber (SF)/chitosan (CTS) composite material for orthopedic long bone plate applications. The GF/SF/CTS hybrid composite possesses a unique sandwich structure and comprises GF/CTS/epoxy as the external layers and SF/CTS/epoxy as the inner layers. The composite plate resembles the human bone structure (spongy internal cancellous matrix and rigid external cortical). The mechanical properties of the prepared hybrid sandwich composites samples were evaluated using tensile, flexural, micro hardness, and compressio

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Bastiaens, Xie, and Luttge. "Nanogroove-Enhanced Hydrogel Scaffolds for 3D Neuronal Cell Culture: An Easy Access Brain-on-Chip Model." Micromachines 10, no. 10 (2019): 638. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi10100638.

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In order to better understand the brain and brain diseases, in vitro human brain models need to include not only a chemically and physically relevant microenvironment, but also structural network complexity. This complexity reflects the hierarchical architecture in brain tissue. Here, a method has been developed that adds complexity to a 3D cell culture by means of nanogrooved substrates. SH-SY5Y cells were grown on these nanogrooved substrates and covered with Matrigel, a hydrogel. To quantitatively analyze network behavior in 2D neuronal cell cultures, we previously developed an automated im

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Somaa, Fahad A., Ting-Yi Wang, Jonathan C. Niclis, et al. "Peptide-Based Scaffolds Support Human Cortical Progenitor Graft Integration to Reduce Atrophy and Promote Functional Repair in a Model of Stroke." Cell Reports 20, no. 8 (2017): 1964–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2017.07.069.

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Holien, Toril, Marita Westhrin, Siv Helen Moen, et al. "BMP4 Gene Therapy Inhibits Myeloma Tumor Growth, but Has a Negative Impact on Bone." Blood 132, Supplement 1 (2018): 1928. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-112429.

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Abstract TH and MW contributed equally to this work. Background Multiple myeloma is caused by an accumulation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow. Myeloma is characterized by an osteolytic bone disease, caused by increased bone degradation and reduced bone formation. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are members of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β superfamily. BMP-signaling is important for both pre- and postnatal bone formation. Additionally, several BMPs induce growth arrest and apoptosis in myeloma cells. Thus, increasing BMP-signaling in myeloma patients may reduce tumor gr

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McCrary, Myles R., Kaleena Jesson, Zheng Z. Wei, et al. "Cortical Transplantation of Brain‐Mimetic Glycosaminoglycan Scaffolds and Neural Progenitor Cells Promotes Vascular Regeneration and Functional Recovery after Ischemic Stroke in Mice." Advanced Healthcare Materials 9, no. 5 (2020): 1900285. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adhm.201900285.

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Lischer, Christophorus. "Tissue particularities and problems related to bone healing and fracture repair." Ciencias Veterinarias 37, no. 3 (2019): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.15359/rcv.37-3.4.

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The natural bone repair processes are sufficient to effect timely restoration of skeletal integrity for most fractures when an appropriate mechanical environment exists or is created with internal fixation or coaptation. However, some situations require manipulation or augmentation of natural healing mechanisms to regenerate larger quantities of new bone than would naturally occur to achieve surgical goals. Examples include substantial loss of host bone from trauma, arthrodesis, non- or delayed unions, or insufficient healing potential of the host because of local or systemic disease, e.g. bon

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Galati, Domenico F., Stephanie Bonney, Zev Kronenberg, et al. "DisAp-dependent striated fiber elongation is required to organize ciliary arrays." Journal of Cell Biology 207, no. 6 (2014): 705–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201409123.

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Cilia-organizing basal bodies (BBs) are microtubule scaffolds that are visibly asymmetrical because they have attached auxiliary structures, such as striated fibers. In multiciliated cells, BB orientation aligns to ensure coherent ciliary beating, but the mechanisms that maintain BB orientation are unclear. For the first time in Tetrahymena thermophila, we use comparative whole-genome sequencing to identify the mutation in the BB disorientation mutant disA-1. disA-1 abolishes the localization of the novel protein DisAp to T. thermophila striated fibers (kinetodesmal fibers; KFs), which is cons

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Kloeters, Oliver, Irina Berger, Henning Ryssel, Kai Megerle, Uwe Leimer, and Günter Germann. "Revitalization of cortical bone allograft by application of vascularized scaffolds seeded with osteogenic induced adipose tissue derived stem cells in a rabbit model." Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery 131, no. 10 (2011): 1459–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00402-011-1306-5.

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Wolfe, J. "Cytoskeletal reorganization and plasma membrane fusion in conjugating Tetrahymena." Journal of Cell Science 73, no. 1 (1985): 69–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.73.1.69.

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The conjugation junction of Tetrahymena is the specialized site where plasma membrane fusion occurs between two cells of complementary mating types. The junction is constructed through a series of cooperative interactions and morphogenetic steps. A contact-mediated interaction between free-swimming, sexually mature and mating-competent cells of two complementary mating types induces a morphological transformation of the anterior tips. Cells then join in pairs aligned by the apposition of their modified tips. Thin sections show that the plasma membranes of the tips are separated by approximatel

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Martín-López, Eduardo, Manuel Nieto-Díaz, and Manuel Nieto-Sampedro. "Differential Adhesiveness and Neurite-promoting Activity for Neural Cells of Chitosan, Gelatin, and Poly-l-Lysine Films." Journal of Biomaterials Applications 26, no. 7 (2010): 791–809. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0885328210379928.

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Chitosan (Ch) and some of its derivatives have been proposed as good biomaterials for tissue engineering, to construct scaffolds promoting tissue regeneration. In this work we made composite films from Ch and mixtures of Ch with gelatin (G) and poly-l-lysine (PLL), and evaluated the growth on these films of PC12 and C6 lines as well as neurons and glial cells derived from cerebral tissue and dorsal root ganglia (DRG). C6 glioma cells proliferated on Ch, G, and Ch + G films, although metabolic activity was decreased by the presence of the G in the mixtures. NGF-differentiated PC12 cells, adhere

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van der Stok, Johan, Huanan Wang, Saber Amin Yavari, et al. "Enhanced Bone Regeneration of Cortical Segmental Bone Defects Using Porous Titanium Scaffolds Incorporated with Colloidal Gelatin Gels for Time- and Dose-Controlled Delivery of Dual Growth Factors." Tissue Engineering Part A 19, no. 23-24 (2013): 2605–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/ten.tea.2013.0181.

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Alabid, Ibrahim, Martin Hardt, Jafargholi Imani, et al. "The N-acyl homoserine-lactone depleted Rhizobium radiobacter mutant RrF4NM13 shows reduced growth-promoting and resistance-inducing activities in mono- and dicotyledonous plants." Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection 127, no. 6 (2020): 769–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41348-020-00360-8.

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Abstract The Alphaproteobacterium Rhizobium radiobacter (syn. Agrobacterium tumefaciens, “A. fa brum”) can live in close association with the sebacinoid fungus Serendipita (syn. Piriformospora) indica that forms a mutualistic Sebacinalean symbiosis with a wide range of host plants. The endobacterial strain R. radiobacter F4 (RrF4), which was originally isolated from the fungus, has plant growth promotion and resistance-inducing activities resembling the beneficial activities known from the endobacteria-containing S. indica. The mechanism by which free endobacterial cells influence growth and d

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D'Abaco, Giovanna M., Cristiana Mattei, Babak Nasr, et al. "Graphene foam as a biocompatible scaffold for culturing human neurons." Royal Society Open Science 5, no. 3 (2018): 171364. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.171364.

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In this study, we explore the use of electrically active graphene foam as a scaffold for the culture of human-derived neurons. Human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived cortical neurons fated as either glutamatergic or GABAergic neuronal phenotypes were cultured on graphene foam. We show that graphene foam is biocompatible for the culture of human neurons, capable of supporting cell viability and differentiation of hESC-derived cortical neurons. Based on the findings, we propose that graphene foam represents a suitable scaffold for engineering neuronal tissue and warrants further investigation

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