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1

Bonnin, Debby. "COSATU Congress." Agenda, no. 5 (1989): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4065643.

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2

Carrim, Yunus. "COSATU: towards disciplined alliances." Review of African Political Economy 14, no. 40 (December 1987): 87–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03056248708703752.

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3

Mellet, Andre. "Labour union voices in South Africa and arguments to scrap inflation targets – a historical and 21st Century debate." New Contree 61 (May 31, 2011): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/nc.v61i0.356.

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Inflasieteikens wat inflasieverwagtings anker, is die primêre doelwit van monetêre beleid van sentrale banke in ontwikkelde lande. Binne 21e eeuse debatte kritiseer vakbonde, en spesifiek Congress of South African Trade Unions, die regering dat die monetêre beleid ekonomiese groei en indiensname benadeel. In hierdie bespreking word die skrapping van inflasieteikens bespreek teen die agtergrond van ‘n historiese fokus rakende vakbonde en arbeid in Suid Afrika. Swart werkers het teen die toe-heersende wetlike gesag in die sewentiger jare gemobiliseer en die rol van vakbonde het gestalte in 1973 gekry met ‘n eerste groot staking in Durban. Die eertydse Wiehahn Kommissie het die rol van vakbonde ondersoek en wetgewing wat op die kommissie se verslag gevolg het, het kollektiewe bedinging meegebring. Die invloed van vakbonde het vanaf die tagtigerjare beduidend vergroot. Vakbonde en veral COSATU, is egter histories nie met suiwer vakbond aangeleenthede betrokke nie. Vakbonde en veral COSATU is aktief betrokke in politieke prosesse as alliansielid van die African National Congress regering, arbeidswetgewing en inspraak met makro ekonomiese beleid in Suid Afrika. Die rol van COSATU met betrekking tot monetêre beleid word onder die soeklig geplaas en hulle meer resente kritiek teen die beleid van inflasieteikens word bespreek. Die Ministerie van Finansies in die tyd van Minister van Finansies Trevor Manual het die beleid van inflasieteikens in 2000 geïmplementeer en onderskryf. Die daaropvolgende Minister van Finansies (Pravin Gordhan) het na die verkiesing van mnr Zuma as nuwe president in 2009 in sy eerste begrotingstoespraak in 2009 bevestig dat die Regering nie sal afwyk van die inflasieteikens beleid nie afgesien van voortdurende kritiek van COSATU.
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4

ALEXANDER, PETER. "Striking Back: A history of COSATU." African Affairs 91, no. 364 (July 1992): 483–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a098540.

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5

Kappo-Abidemi, Christiana O., Charles Allen-Ile, and Chux Gervase Iwu. "The underbelly of trade unionism in Africa: A comparative analysis of two national trade union federations." Corporate Ownership and Control 12, no. 2 (2015): 455–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv12i2c4p5.

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Since the evolution of organised labour, workers the world-over have depended upon and trusted their trade union federations to defend and advance their social, political and economic interests. These and other worker-related issues have been the focus of successful trade unionism before the emergence of globalization, privatization, outsourcing, contracting and labour-related phenomena associated with diminishing power of organised labour. These factors have been used as indices to determine the growth and effectiveness of trade union federations globally. This article, however, examines ways by which selected trade union federations in Africa have been able to tackle factors militating against their effectiveness. The article draws on perspectives from two biggest federations in Africa- Congress of South Africa Trade Unions (COSATU) and the Nigeria Labour Congress (NLC). These two countries are often referred to as ‘African powerhouses’. COSATU is by far, the largest of the three union federations in South Africa. The NLC on the other hand, is the only recognized trade union federation in Nigeria. The aim of this paper is to shed ‘new’ light on the performance of trade union federations in Africa by comparatively analysing how they are perceived by their general membership in relation to their effectiveness in securing or promoting governance and the resultant effect on their members and non-members alike are examined and compared with respect to their effectiveness in both countries. The paper is based on research that utilised quantitative and primary data collected through survey questionnaires administered to members of selected trade unions that are affiliated to these two trade union federations. Results emerging from empirical analyses indicate that COSATU and NLC activities go far beyond traditional workers representation
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6

Orr, Liesl, Jeremy Daphne, and Claire Horton. "COSATU Congress: Did Women Reject the Quota?" Agenda, no. 35 (1997): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4066085.

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7

Rassool, Ciraj. "Book reviews : Striking Back: a history of Cosatu." Race & Class 34, no. 2 (October 1992): 100–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030639689203400215.

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8

Schiavone, Michael. "Social Movement Unions and Political Parties (in South Africa and the Philippines): A Win-Win Situation?" African and Asian Studies 6, no. 4 (2007): 373–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156921007x236954.

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AbstractSocial movement unionism is increasingly being seen as the strategy that US unions should adopt. However, what is often forgotten is that social movement unionism originated in the Third World. As part of the strategy it is argued that unions should form alliances with political parties. However, by analyzing the alliances between the Congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU) and the African National Congress (ANC), and the Kilusang Mayo Uno (KMU) and the Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP) I argue that union alliances with political parties have badly damaged social movement unions.
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9

Barrett, Jane. "Women and the Economy: An Analysis of Cosatu Economic Policy." Agenda, no. 18 (1993): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4065662.

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10

Séverin, Marianne. "D’une alliance à une «dés-Alliance tripartite» : ANC-SACP-COSATU." Recherches Internationales 101, no. 1 (2014): 75–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/rint.2014.1425.

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11

Desai, A., and A. Habib. "COSATU and the Democratic Transition in South Africa: Drifting towards Corporatism?" Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East 15, no. 1 (March 1, 1995): 29–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/07323867-15-1-29.

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12

Sinwell, Luke. "Labour Beyond Cosatu: Mapping the Rupture in South Africa’s Labour Landscape." South African Historical Journal 70, no. 2 (April 3, 2018): 449–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02582473.2018.1471095.

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13

Beckman, Björn. "A paradox of victory: COSATU and the democratic transformation in South Africa." Review of African Political Economy 38, no. 130 (December 2011): 657–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03056244.2011.631330.

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14

Wood, Geoffrey, and Pauline Dibben. "The Challenges Facing the South African Labour Movement." Articles 63, no. 4 (December 10, 2008): 671–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/019542ar.

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There is a growing body of literature on the role and impact of unions in the developing world, and on their ability to mobilize members against a background of neo-liberal reforms. The South African trade union movement represents a source of inspiration to organized labour worldwide, but has faced many challenges over the years. This article engages with debates on union solidarity and worker democracy, and draws on the findings of a nationwide survey of members of the Congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU) to explore the extent of fragmentation according to gender, age, skill level and ethnicity. The survey reveals regular participation in union affairs, democratic accountability, participation in collective action, and a strong commitment to the labour movement, but variation in levels of engagement between categories of union members indicates significant implications for union policy and practice.
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15

MAREE, J. "THE COSATU PARTICIPATORY DEMOCRATIC TRADITION AND SOUTH AFRICA'S NEW PARLIAMENT: ARE THEY RECONCILABLE?" African Affairs 97, no. 386 (January 1, 1998): 29–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a007919.

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16

Tshoaedi, Malehoko. "(En)gendering the transition in South Africa: the role of COSATU women activists." Transformation: Critical Perspectives on Southern Africa 78, no. 1 (2012): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/trn.2012.0021.

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17

Paret, Marcel. "Building Labor Solidarity in Precarious Times: The Danger of Union Paternalism." Labor Studies Journal 44, no. 4 (November 27, 2018): 314–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0160449x18814310.

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In a global context of union decline and widening economic insecurity, unions must decide how to relate to extra-workplace struggles and those without stable or unionized employment. One possibility is that unions will adopt a paternalistic view, in which they attempt to serve the interests of nonunion individuals and groups by disciplining them or speaking for them. Drawing on seventy-five brief interviews with participants in a protest led by the Congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU), I examine how union activists understood their relationship to the unemployed and local protests within residential areas. Revealing support for union involvement in extra-workplace struggles, the results show that South Africa’s legacy of social movement unionism remains strong. Yet, some union activists also wanted to discipline or substitute for community struggles, and felt the need to educate or speak for the unemployed. Such paternalistic views may become an obstacle to broad working-class solidarity, in South Africa or elsewhere.
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18

Pillay, Devan. "Zwischen Fragmentierung und Wiederbelebung: COSATU, NUMSA und die Politik für die Arbeiterklasse in Südafrika." Journal für Entwicklungspolitik 31, no. 2 (2015): 31–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.20446/jep-2414-3197-31-2-31.

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19

Ruggunan, Shaun. "Trade Unions and Democracy: Cosatu workers’ political attitudes in South Africa (review)." Transformation: Critical Perspectives on Southern Africa 68, no. 1 (2008): 121–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/trn.0.0022.

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20

Hirschsohn, Philip. "From Grassroots Democracy to National Mobilization: COSATU as a Model of Social Movement Unionism." Economic and Industrial Democracy 19, no. 4 (November 1998): 633–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0143831x98194005.

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21

Dibben, Pauline, Geoffrey Wood, and Kamel Mellahi. "Is social movement unionism still relevant? The case of the South African federation COSATU." Industrial Relations Journal 43, no. 6 (November 2012): 494–510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2338.2012.00683.x.

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22

Buhlungu, Sakhela, and Christine Psoulis. "Enduring solidarities: accounting for the continuity of support for the alliance amongst Cosatu members." Society in Transition 30, no. 2 (May 1999): 120–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10289852.1999.10520177.

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23

Buhlungu, Sakhela. "Gaining Influence but Losing Power? COSATU Members and the Democratic Transformation of South Africa1." Social Movement Studies 7, no. 1 (May 2008): 31–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14742830801969316.

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24

Bonnin, Debby. "A Paradox of Victory: COSATU and the democratic transition in South Africa (review)." Transformation: Critical Perspectives on Southern Africa 78, no. 1 (2012): 148–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/trn.2012.0032.

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25

Gentle, Leonard. "What about the workers? The demise of COSATU and the emergence of a new movement." Review of African Political Economy 42, no. 146 (October 2, 2015): 666–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03056244.2015.1085729.

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26

Bassett, Carolyn. "From Worker Mobilisation to Policy Engagement: NALEDI and the Remaking of COSATU in the 1990s." Journal of Southern African Studies 43, no. 4 (June 8, 2017): 771–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03057070.2017.1328038.

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27

Webster, Edward. "Labour beyond Cosatu: mapping the rupture in South Africa’s labour landscape ed. by Andries Bezuidenhout, Malehoko Tshoaedi." Transformation: Critical Perspectives on Southern Africa 97, no. 1 (2018): 132–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/trn.2018.0015.

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28

Ejiogu, EC. "Post-Liberation South Africa: Sorting Out the Pieces." Journal of Asian and African Studies 47, no. 3 (June 2012): 257–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021909611428041.

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The written history and narratives of the anti-apartheid liberation struggle in South Africa has been cast, albeit erroneously, as if it was waged and won solely by the African National Congress (ANC), its ally the South African Communist Party (SACP), and the Congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU), the three alliance partners that have held the reins of state power since the first multi-racial democratic elections in 1994. The truth is that the Pan-Africanist Congress (PAC) of Azania, the Azania People’s Organization (AZAPO), the New Unity Movement (NUMO), and several other liberation movements played significantly vital roles in that struggle. The ensuing discourse puts this state of affairs on the PAC’s diminished status in the politics of post-liberation South Africa, which derives partly from its radical antecedents from its inception that placed it apart from the ANC from which it split in 1959, earned it immediate proscription from the apartheid stage before it could root itself properly as well as notoriety in the West. The discourse argues and concludes that a more comprehensive narrative and written history of that struggle will benefit the on-going quest for the transformation of South Africa’s multi-racial democracy and the course of democracy in the rest of Africa.
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29

Tshoaedi, Malehoko. "‘Gender [Equality] will not Happen in this Family’: Cosatu Women's Experiences of Gender Struggles in their Personal Lives." South African Review of Sociology 44, no. 1 (April 2013): 72–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21528586.2013.784449.

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30

Albrecht, Lawrence G. "Symposium Editor's Introduction." Journal of Law and Religion 5, no. 2 (1987): 259–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0748081400011541.

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Valparaiso University School of Law and the Christian Legal Society annually present a symposium on a critical public issue which is examined from a variety of perspectives. Between October 28-31, 1987, a major symposium was held entitled: “Perspectives on South African Liberation.” In the light of press and other media restrictions in effect since a state of emergency was declared in South Africa on June 12, 1986, and the banning of all political activity by 17 anti-apartheid organizations on February 24, 1988, it is crucial that the world community have access to current information and analysis concerning developments in that tragic land.The Pretoria regime has renewed the state of emergency for a third year following an unprecedented three-day nationwide protest strike on June 6-8 by more than two million black workers mobilized by the Congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU) and other anti-apartheid groups to protest the recent bannings, a proposed restrictive labor bill, the continuation of apartheid and the regime's violence. These comments are written on June 16, the 12th anniversary of the Soweto student uprising (now commonly known as South African Youth Day) as several million black workers again defied the regime by staying away from work in honor of the hundred of blacks killed following the 1976 protests against apartheid education.
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31

Fine, Ben. "Submission to the COSATU Panel of Economists on “The Final Recommendations of the International Panel on Growth” (the Harvard Panel)." Transformation: Critical Perspectives on Southern Africa 69, no. 1 (2009): 5–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/trn.0.0030.

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32

Xiaoling, Ning, Chen Yangyi, and Zhang Linsen. "A Sparse CoSaMP Channel Estimation Algorithm With Adaptive Variable Step Size for an OFDM System." International Journal of Aerospace Engineering 2024 (May 14, 2024): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2024/8897214.

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Compressive sampling matching pursuit (CoSaMP), as a conventional algorithm requiring system sparsity and sensitive to step size, was improved in this paper by approximating the sparsity with adaptive variable step size. In the proposed algorithm (CoSaMP with variable step size abbreviated as Vss-CoSaMP), the idea of approximating sparsity with adaptive step size was borrowed from the sparsity adaptive matching pursuit (SAMP) algorithm to determine the sparsity for the CoSaMP algorithm. The applicability of the CoSaMP algorithm was therefore expanded considerably. On this basis, a step size reduction was added as the iteration termination condition of an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system. An adaptive variable step size algorithm was then put forward to address the CoSaMP algorithm’s sensitivity to step size. It could realize the required precision at different initial step sizes. A simulation was carried out to analyze the influence of pilot number and step size in an OFDM system on the algorithm. The algorithms, including SAMP, CoSaMP, and Vss-CoSaMP, were compared with two sparse channels, revealing that the Vss-CoSaMP algorithm overcame the problem of the CoSaMP algorithm, that is, the impossibility to forecast the channel sparsity. With the adaptive step size, the proposed algorithm could reach and achieve better accuracy than the CoSaMP algorithm. Additionally, the proposed algorithm was superior over the SAMP algorithm in terms of reconstruction, mean square error (MSE), and bit error ratio (BER).
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33

Fuentes, Isabel, Andreu Andrio, Francesc Teixidor, Clara Viñas, and Vicente Compañ. "Enhanced conductivity of sodium versus lithium salts measured by impedance spectroscopy. Sodium cobaltacarboranes as electrolytes of choice." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 19, no. 23 (2017): 15177–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cp02526b.

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Scheme of the proposed mechanism to explain the mobility of the cations through the monomers COSANE and TPB. While in COSANE the mechanism is through jumps (hopping mechanism) in TPB the ionic transport is vehicular.
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34

Needell, Deanna, and Joel A. Tropp. "CoSaMP." Communications of the ACM 53, no. 12 (December 2010): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1859204.1859229.

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35

Zeng, Lingfang, Zehao Zhang, Yang Wang, Dan Feng, and Kenneth B. Kent. "CosaFS." ACM Transactions on Storage 13, no. 4 (December 15, 2017): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3149482.

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36

Zhang, Lin. "Image Reconstruction Based on Compressive Sensing via CoSaMP." Applied Mechanics and Materials 631-632 (September 2014): 436–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.631-632.436.

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Compressive Sampling Matching Pursuit (CoSaMP) is a new iterative recovery algorithm which has splendid theoretical guarantees for convergence and delivers the same guarantees as the best optimization-based approaches. In this paper, we propose a new signal recovery framework which combines CoSaMP and Curvelet transform for better performance. In classic CoSaMP, the number of iterations is fixed. We discuss a new stopping rule to halting the algorithm in this paper. In addition, the choice of several adjustable parameters in algorithm such as the number of measurements and the sparse level of the signal also will impact the performance. So we gain above parameters via a large number of experiments. According to experiments, we determine an optimum value for the parameters to use in this application. The experiments show that the new method not only has better recovery quality and higher PSNRs, but also can achieve optimization steadily and effectively.
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37

Kahnt, Maik, Konstantin Klementiev, Vahid Haghighat, Clemens Weninger, Tomás S. Plivelic, Ann E. Terry, and Alexander Björling. "Measurement of the coherent beam properties at the CoSAXS beamline." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 28, no. 6 (October 5, 2021): 1948–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577521009140.

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The CoSAXS beamline at the MAX IV Laboratory is a modern multi-purpose (coherent) small-angle X-ray scattering (CoSAXS) instrument, designed to provide intense and optionally coherent illumination at the sample position, enabling coherent imaging and speckle contrast techniques. X-ray tracing simulations used to design the beamline optics have predicted a total photon flux of 1012–1013 photons s−1 and a degree of coherence of up to 10% at 7.1 keV. The normalized degree of coherence and the coherent flux of this instrument were experimentally determined using the separability of a ptychographic reconstruction into multiple mutually incoherent modes and thus the Coherence in the name CoSAXS was verified. How the beamline can be used both for coherent imaging and XPCS measurements, which both heavily rely on the degree of coherence of the beam, was demonstrated. These results are the first experimental quantification of coherence properties in a SAXS instrument at a fourth-generation synchrotron light source.
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38

Kahnt, Maik, Konstantin Klementiev, Vahid Haghighat, Clemens Weninger, Tomás S. Plivelic, Ann E. Terry, and Alexander Björling. "Measurement of the coherent beam properties at the CoSAXS beamline." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 28, no. 6 (October 5, 2021): 1948–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577521009140.

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The CoSAXS beamline at the MAX IV Laboratory is a modern multi-purpose (coherent) small-angle X-ray scattering (CoSAXS) instrument, designed to provide intense and optionally coherent illumination at the sample position, enabling coherent imaging and speckle contrast techniques. X-ray tracing simulations used to design the beamline optics have predicted a total photon flux of 1012–1013 photons s−1 and a degree of coherence of up to 10% at 7.1 keV. The normalized degree of coherence and the coherent flux of this instrument were experimentally determined using the separability of a ptychographic reconstruction into multiple mutually incoherent modes and thus the Coherence in the name CoSAXS was verified. How the beamline can be used both for coherent imaging and XPCS measurements, which both heavily rely on the degree of coherence of the beam, was demonstrated. These results are the first experimental quantification of coherence properties in a SAXS instrument at a fourth-generation synchrotron light source.
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39

Seetharamaswamy, Shashi Kiran, and Suresh Kaggere Veeranna. "Image reconstruction through compressive sampling matching pursuit and curvelet transform." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 13, no. 6 (December 1, 2023): 6277. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v13i6.pp6277-6284.

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An interesting area of research is image reconstruction, which uses algorithms and techniques to transform a degraded image into a good one. The quality of the reconstructed image plays a vital role in the field of image processing. Compressive Sampling is an innovative and rapidly growing method for reconstructing signals. It is extensively used in image reconstruction. The literature uses a variety of matching pursuits for image reconstruction. In this paper, we propose a modified method named compressive sampling matching pursuit (CoSaMP) for image reconstruction that promises to sample sparse signals from far fewer observations than the signal’s dimension. The main advantage of CoSaMP is that it has an excellent theoretical guarantee for convergence. The proposed technique combines CoSaMP with curvelet transform for better reconstruction of image. Experiments are carried out to evaluate the proposed technique on different test images. The results indicate that qualitative and quantitative performance is better compared to existing methods.
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40

Liao, Jia, Baihui Jiang, Peng Zhao, Lei Ning, and Liming Chen. "Unmanned Aerial Vehicle-Assisted Federated Learning Method Based on a Trusted Execution Environment." Electronics 12, no. 18 (September 18, 2023): 3938. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12183938.

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In the face of increasing concerns around privacy and security in the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for mobile edge computing (MEC), this study proposes a novel approach to secure UAV-assisted federated learning. This research integrates a trusted execution environment (TEE) into UAV-assisted federated learning and proposes a robust aggregation algorithm based on cosine distance, denoted as CosAvg. This study further designs and evaluates a TEE-based federated learning model, comparing its resource overhead with other secure aggregation frameworks, like homomorphic encryption (HE) and differential privacy (DP). Experimental results indicate a significant reduction in resource overhead for TEE against DP and HE. Moreover, the proposed CosAvg algorithm demonstrated superior robustness against adversarial scenarios, maintaining high accuracy in the presence of malicious clients. The integration of TEE and the CosAvg algorithm provides a secure and robust solution for UAV-assisted federated learning, effectively defending both gradient inversion attacks and byzantine attacks.
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41

Laoghaire, Diarmuid Ó., and Seán Ó. Duinn. "Orthaí Cosanta." Béaloideas 58 (1990): 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20522361.

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42

Quella, Thomas, and Volker Schomerus. "Asymmetric cosets." Journal of High Energy Physics 2003, no. 02 (February 18, 2003): 030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1126-6708/2003/02/030.

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43

Grassi, P. A., and P. van Nieuwenhuizen. "Gauging cosets." Nuclear Physics B 702, no. 1-2 (December 2004): 189–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2004.07.033.

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44

Klimčík, C., and P. Ševera. "Dressing cosets." Physics Letters B 381, no. 1-3 (July 1996): 56–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0370-2693(96)00669-7.

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45

Penniman, W. David. "Remembering “Andy” Aines: A look back at his call for a national STI policy." Information Services & Use 41, no. 1-2 (December 27, 2021): 185–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/isu-210119.

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A commemoration is presented of the passing 25 years ago of Andrew A. Aines, a pioneer and staunch advocate for a rational national information policy and approach to the dissemination of scientific and technical information. Included in this recognition of his efforts is information on an unfinished manuscript of major proportions covering the post-World War II efforts to create such a national policy. This manuscript includes a detailed history of the establishment and evolution of the Committee on Scientific and Technical Information (COSATI) and is available on the Internet Archive.
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46

Martínez-Tibbles, Rebeca. "David Manzano. El Imperio español en Oceanía." Sillares. Revista de Estudios Históricos 3, no. 5 (July 11, 2023): 336–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.29105/sillares3.5-80.

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47

Ramith, S. "Implementation of Sparse Techniques for MIMO Channel Estimation." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VI (June 20, 2021): 1450–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.35288.

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Channel estimation plays a very important role on the performance of wireless communication systems.Channel estimation can be carried out in different ways: with or without the help of a parametric model, using frequency and/or time correlation properties in the wireless channel, blind methods or those based on training pilots, adaptive or non-adaptive methods. As more antennas are added to Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) system more computational resources and power are required. There is a need to address this problem of the overhead in training symbol based models for channel estimation. Compressed Sensing (CS) algorithms are beneficial in addressing these limitations in the system to increase the spectral efficiency can help free up resources and prevent additional taxing on the hardware. Compressed sensing the pilot symbols by using CS algorithms like OMP, SP, and CoSaMP algorithms. The channel coefficients are obtained through LS, MMSE and LMS techniques. Then, a very small amount of frequency-domain orthogonal pilots are used for the accurate channel estimation.The traditional algorithms like LS , MMSE and LMS combined with CS algorithms have better performance at low SNRs compared to conventional techniques alone in terms of computational time complexity and Normalised Mean Square Error(NMSE) performance. There is a halving of pilot symbols used for training by using the CS algorithm. MSE performance is increased with increase in sparsity level. CoSaMP performs better than SP and OMP at low SNRs. With increase in sparsity level after 50K, the performance of SP is comparable to that of CoSaMP. OMP is simple to implement but MSE performance is less and computational time is more compared to SP and CoSaMP.
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48

Eglitis, P., I. W. McCrea, T. R. Robinson, T. Nygrén, K. Schlegel, T. Turunen, and T. B. Jones. "New techniques for auroral irregularity studies with COSCAT." Annales Geophysicae 16, no. 10 (October 31, 1998): 1241–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-998-1241-0.

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Abstract. The COSCAT system enables the detection of E-region auroral backscatter with the EISCAT remote receivers at magnetic aspect angles close to 90 °. This is achieved by utilising a low-power transmitter stationed in Oulu, Finland. Many important observations of E-region irregularities have been achieved with this simple experiment. Recent studies have attempted to push the COSCAT system to its experimental limits. Firstly, the CW signal has been phase-modulated with 13-bit Barker codes with baud lengths of 40, 70 and 100 µs. Interpretation of the received power allows the spatial distribution of the auroral scatterers to be determined. The second advance is in the use of a sophisticated correlator program which allows data to be buffered within the correlator at very high time resolution. This enables the coherent backscatter power to be sampled every 12.5 ms and the full auto-correlation function to be measured every 100 ms. These measurements allow the COSCAT system to be employed for the first time in an investigation of the growth and decay of the auroral irregularities.Key words. Ionosphere (ionospheric irregularities) · Radio science (Instruments and techniques)
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49

Lizama, Diego Ignacio, and Sergio González Miranda. "La COSACH y la crisis de la industria salitrera, un intento de estanco comercial (1927-1934)." Tiempo Histórico, no. 22 (July 10, 2021): 39–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.25074/th.v0i22.1925.

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Luego de la gran crisis económica de 1929, la industria del salitre entró en un proceso de reorganización interna con tal de sobrevivir comercialmente y mantenerse como el principal sostén de la economía nacional. En ese sentido, el presente trabajo tiene como finalidad demostrar que la respuesta a ese problema fue el desarrollo de un intento de estanco con características particulares, dando origen a la Compañía de Salitres de Chile (COSACH), tal como sucedió en 1873 con el intento de estanco salitrero peruano que fue la respuesta a la crisis económica de esa década. Analizaremos las diferencias entre uno y otro proceso y explicaremos el origen y ocaso de la COSACH.
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50

N. Jayanthi, P., and S. Ravishankar. "Model-based compressed sensing algorithms for MIMO- OFDM channel estimation." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.4 (March 10, 2018): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.4.10030.

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High data rates on the wireless channel can be achieved by combining orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) with multiple input multiple output (MIMO) communication modulation scheme. MIMO-OFDM system impulse response of the channel is approximately sparse. Sparse channelestimation can be done using Compressive Sensing (CS) techniques. In this paper, a low complexity model based CoSaMp Compressive Sensing (CS) algorithm with conventional tools namely Least Square (LS) and Least Mean Square (LMS) are used for MIMO-OFDM channel estimation. Simulation results show amodel based CoSaMP for MIMO-OFDM channel estimation with LMS tool the Normalized Mean Square Error(NMSE)reduced by 34%with very reduced complexity.
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