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Journal articles on the topic 'Cosmetics and Body Hygiene Products'
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1
Ibegbulam-Njoku, Peace N., and Chinenye C. Chijioke-Osuji. "Microbiological evaluation of cosmetics products sourced in Aba city, Nigeria." International Journal of Scientific Reports 2, no. 4 (April 25, 2016): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20161273.
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<p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Background:</span></strong><span lang="EN-US"> Cosmetics are external preparations normally applied to human body parts mainly for beautifying, cleansing and protecting. These products are basically non-sterile but must be completely free of high-virulence microbial pathogens. Production of stable cosmetics products require integrated quality management system which consists of quality raw material, proper product formulation, hygienic design of production facilities, good production hygiene process, packaging containers and a validated preservative system. Inadequately preserved products can provide conducive environments for microorganisms especially in the tropical region. The objective of this study is to assess the microbial quality of some selected brands of cosmetics produced in the country and sold within the commercial city of Aba, Abia state of Nigeria thus to note the health hazards consumers are exposed to.</span></p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Methods:</span></strong>Twenty brands of commercially available Cosmetic products manufactured in Nigeria were evaluated for their microbial quality using standard procedures.</p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Results:</span></strong><span lang="EN-US"> There was no viable bacterial growth in 40% of the samples tested and no yeast growth in 65% of the samples tested. 35% of the products indicated < 300 CFU /g of samples tested. The predominant bacterial isolates were <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> and S<em>taphylococci aureus</em>. Preservative efficacy tests carried out on the products using <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> ATCC 9027 showed only 30% of the products tested were adequately preserved.</span></p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Conclusions:</span></strong>The poor microbiological quality of the preparations investigated can be attributed to either the formulation of these brands or environmental conditions during the manufacturing process. It is hoped that the training of the personnel that handle these processes will improve cosmetic products quality in Nigeria.</p>
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Abzalov, L. F. "ГИГИЕНИЧЕСКАЯ КУЛЬТУРА НОМАДОВ ЕВРАЗИЙСКИХ СТЕПЕЙ XIII – XV вв." Uchenye Zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta. Seriya Gumanitarnye Nauki 162, no. 6 (2020): 22–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.26907/2541-7738.2020.6.22-34.
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Based on a comprehensive study of various written sources and ethnographic materials, this paper considers some aspects of personal hygiene of nomads, who lived in the Eurasian steppes during the 13th–15th centuries, i.e., primarily in the states of Genghis Khan and his descendants. Regarding both similar living conditions and ethnocultural situation, as well as the important role of traditions in the nomadic society of Central Asia, the data of the ethnographic sources about the everyday life of nomads during the subsequent eras (in the 16th–20th centuries) were extrapolated to the nomadic society of Genghis Khan’s states. The body hygiene procedures (associated with face, hands, and head hair) were analyzed. The main personal hygiene products (combs, scissors, mirrors, cosmetics (white paint), soap, etc.) were described. It was revealed that the hygiene culture of nomads in the Eurasian steppes developed under the influence of the following objective factors: nature and climate, economic and living conditions. In this process, the faith-related factors and the worldview were also critical, mostly in Ulus and Jochi. The hygiene knowledge and practices of all nomads were generally similar, but there were some specific features associated with their ethnocultural background.
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Janmay Singh Hada. "New Trends in Non-Woven Wet Wipes." International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology 06, no. 9S (October 12, 2020): 89–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.46501/ijmtst0609s15.
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The wet tissue or wipes is emerging trend and fast growing market in non-woven materials. In light of global pandemic Covid 19, increasing concern and consciousness for better hygiene and cleanliness, non-woven industry is geared the formation of new products and variants of wet wipes like disinfectant wet wipes. It offers numerous advantage and meet user requirement for personnel care like body wipes, baby wipes, cosmetic wet wipes, cleaning wipes for domestic and industrial, flushable wipes and different variants. The wet wipes provide safety and protection of superior level with cleaning and disinfecting property. The present paper discusses aboutnew trends and key design aspects for wet wipes category like as used of fibers (Natural/advanced), physical characteristics (like as orientation, porosity, thickness, weight, durability),chemical compositions of preservatives and efficacy testing,manufacturing process, hygiene measures and markets for future innovations, such as accelerators. This paper also study about the factors governs for low performer of wet wipes commercially.
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Bujak, Tomasz, Tomasz Wasilewski, and Zofia Nizioł-Łukaszewska. "Effect of molecular weight of polyvinylpyrrolidone on the skin irritation potential and properties of body wash cosmetics in the coacervate form." Pure and Applied Chemistry 91, no. 9 (September 25, 2019): 1521–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pac-2018-0703.
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Abstract Body wash cosmetics are among the most common groups of cosmetics used by consumers. Faced with strong competition in the marketplace, cosmetic manufacturers search for innovative solutions both in terms of product composition and form. An example of an innovative technology which can be used in the production of body wash cosmetics is the process of coacervation which yields a concentrated body wash product. Another important aspect which needs to be considered in the formulation of body wash cosmetics is their safety of use. It is crucial to ensure that such cosmetic products do not induce skin irritations. At present, the most widespread method of reducing the skin irritation potential of cosmetic products is the use of surfactant mixtures. The study is an attempt to evaluate the effect of using polyvinylpyrrolidone in the formulations of model body wash cosmetics in the coacervate form on the skin irritation potential and basic quality determinants of body wash products. Polyvinylpyrrolidone was found to contribute to a significant reduction in the irritant effect, and the skin irritation potential decreased in proportion to increasing molecular mass of the polymer. The application of polyvinylpyrrolidone with the different molecular weight also has an impact on improving the foaming properties of model body wash cosmetics and the stability of foam they produce.
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Neena, Cherakkulath C., K. Sreejith, B. Athulnadh, K. V. Musaina Thasneem, Namitha Maniyan, and P. P. Muhamed Faris. "Ocular Allergy: A Review on Ocular Effects of Cosmetic Products." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 10, no. 5-s (October 15, 2020): 299–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v10i5-s.4512.
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The eyes are the windows to the body, healthy brain function needs healthy eyesight. Recently so many problems arise due to the unsafe use of ocular cosmetics. Eye cosmetics can cause ocular allergy or toxicity. It produces mild discomfort to serious vision threatening problems. This review focus on the reason as well as problems associated with ocular cosmetics. Based on the data from various reviews and research shows that preservatives, metals & fragrances include in the products are the main causative agents for ocular allergy. The main adverse reactions were found to be allergic blepharo conjunctivitis, disruption of the tear film and other inflammatory reactions. The purpose of this article is to give a general awareness about the safe use of ocular cosmetics to get rid of ocular allergy.
Keywords: Ocular cosmetics; Ocular Allergy; Allergic contact blepharo conjunctivitis; inflammatory reactions.
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Prajapati, Disha P., and Tanvi R. Dodiya. "A REVIEW ON SKIN MICROBIOME: NOVEL STRATEGY IN COSMETICS." International Journal of Research in Ayurveda and Pharmacy 12, no. 3 (July 6, 2021): 99–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.7897/2277-4343.120382.
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Human skin is the largest organ composing a complex ecosystem harbouring different types of microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi and mites that are together known as the skin microbiome. These organisms play an important role in communicating and instructing the cutaneous arm of the immune system to keep the skin healthy. Diet, hormonal imbalance, lifestyle, use of medications and cosmetics have been reported to influence the composition of skin microbiome. These factors can sometimes cause an imbalance in the microbiome leading to a condition known as ‘dysbiosis’. This disruption can then lead to several skin disorders such as dandruff, acne, psoriasis, or atopic dermatitis. Hygiene products, make-up, perfume, skin cream, nail polish, soap, shampoo, shaving cream, deodorant etc. also implicated in modifying the skin microbiome. Consumers today are moving towards a simpler, cleaner and nature based products for cosmetics. Microbiome balancing skincare natural products can respond to the rising concerns of environment pollution, skin sensitivity and premature ageing. These products can enrich the skin to repair itself by boosting skins immune system and natural defence barrier. These natural products are meant to remove pathogenic but to retain the composition mutualistic organism. The skincare market has recently embraced these distinct approaches of targeting the skin microbiome through different fronts like Probiotics, Prebiotics and Postbiotics.
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Witjaksana, Gunawan, and Samudi Samudi. "BAHASA TUBUH PEREMPUAN DALAM IKLAN KOSMETIKA DI TELEVISI ( SEBUAH ANALISIS WACANA)." Jurnal The Messenger 2, no. 1 (March 24, 2016): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.26623/themessenger.v2i1.279.
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<em>In the era of liberalization that characterized the television media with comodification various impressions to attract viewers, in many ways carried on various kinds of impressions displayed. No exception impressions cosmetic ads which in practice is clearly a lot of exploiting women's body language to attract the audience that they ultimately want to use the products offered. Cosmetics with herbs ad exploits women's bodies are often ignored ethics, especially related to KPI P3SPS and cultural and religious views of society and the rights of adolescents and women. The impact is certainly there was a negative. For that research using discourse analysis techniques to examine the use of body language in women's cosmetics advertisements on television to be attractive for the study. The goal is clear to see how the exploitation of women's body language in advertisements on television cosmetics. Through discourse analysis method of recording by cosmetics ads on television, and then analyzed by discourse analysis, it can be concluded that, of cosmetics advertisements on television were likely to utilize and exploit the perfect female body , in order to reach an audience sympathetic to using products that offered them. Unfortunately, the exploitation of women's body language in the cosmetics ads, less attention to ethical and religious views of the majority of Muslims in Indonesia, so the ad tend ignore the interests of general public and particularly children, adolescents, and women themselves.</em>
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Feroz, Farahnaaz, and Kamal Kanta Das. "Presence of microorganisms in commonly used baby cosmetics, available in Dhaka City." Stamford Journal of Microbiology 9, no. 1 (February 27, 2020): 9–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sjm.v9i1.45650.
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Cosmetics especially baby products should be safe as children are immunocompromised which means their immune system is not developed enough to combat infections caused by the presence of any pathogenic bacteria. Different factors like chemical composition of cosmetics, handling and storage conditions can influence the chance of contamination of cosmetic products. This study aimed to evaluate the microbiological quality of different commercially available baby cosmetics such as body lotion, body wash or soap, baby shampoo, baby oil of different popular brands sold in Dhaka city. In the current investigation four different brands of cosmetics were subjected to bacteriological and mycological screening. Total viable bacteria and fungal load in all the samples of Brand 1 was in average of 105 cfu/g which exceeded the acceptable limit. The samples were found to contain pathogenic bacteria as well, especially Klebsiella spp. The findings indicate that the quality Brand 1 products were not satifactory and might cause harm to children and other consumers. Microbial load of other brands fell within the acceptable limit which indicate their good quality. The incidence of microorganisms in Brand 1 might be due to contamination during the production process or storage under unhygienic condition. Therefore in order to avoid infections in children due to microbial contamination of cosmetics items it is essential to take precautions during production process and storage in appropriate conditions and avoiding use of cosmetics products on damaged skin.
Stamford Journal of Microbiology, Vol.9(1) 2019: 9-11
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Rodríguez-Medina, María Jésus. "The Use of Anglicisms in Spanish Television Commercials of Cosmetics, Hygiene and Personal Care Products." HERMES - Journal of Language and Communication in Business, no. 55 (August 29, 2016): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/hjlcb.v0i55.24295.
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This paper analyses the use of English in Spanish television commercials, since no scientifi c studies have been carried out so far in this fi eld. Although there are a few similar studies of print media, our review of the literature has shown some gaps in the research on Anglicisms used in advertising. English seems to be widely present in television commercials in Spain for different reasons. Marketing and cost-saving strategies of multinational companies together with the prestige of the English language and Anglo-American culture in Spain are some of the primary causes. In our study, we have focused on a corpus of pure Anglicisms (English words which have not been adapted to Spanish) and pseudo-Anglicisms (terms that do not exist in English, though they are similar to English words), found in commercials related to cosmetics, hygiene and personal care products, as part of the research project “Globalisation and Impact of the Anglo-American Culture on Spain”. Five hundred and thirty one commercials of the three main private national television channels in Spain (Tele5, Antena3, LaSexta) and children’s Disney Channel (Spain) were compiled in 2013. The results confi rm a considerable presence of pure Anglicisms, English-Spanish code switching, pseudo-Anglicisms and Anglo-American imagery and music in the advertising of products related to cosmetics, hygiene and personal care on Spanish television. Consequently, the link of these products to the prestige of the English-speaking world is reinforced.
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Rodríguez-Medina, María Jesús. "The Use of Anglicisms in Spanish Television Commercials of Cosmetics, Hygiene and Personal Care Products." HERMES - Journal of Language and Communication in Business, no. 55 (August 30, 2016): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/hjlcb.v0i55.24308.
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This paper analyses the use of English in Spanish television commercials, since no scientific studies have been carried out so far in this field. Although there are a few similar studies of print media, our review of the literature has shown some gaps in the research on Anglicisms used in advertising. English seems to be widely present in television commercials in Spain for different reasons. Marketing and cost-saving strategies of multinational companies together with the prestige of the English language and Anglo-American culture in Spain are some of the primary causes. In our study, we have focused on a corpus of pure Anglicisms (English words which have not been adapted to Spanish) and pseudo-Anglicisms (terms that do not exist in English, though they are similar to English words), found in commercials related to cosmetics, hygiene and personal care products, as part of the research project “Globalisation and Impact of the Anglo-American Culture on Spain”. Five hundred and thirty one commercials of the three main private national television channels in Spain (Tele5, Antena3, LaSexta) and children’s Disney Channel (Spain) were compiled in 2013. The results confirm a considerable presence of pure Anglicisms, English-Spanish code switching, pseudo-Anglicisms and Anglo-American imagery and music in the advertising of products related to cosmetics, hygiene and personal care on Spanish television. Consequently, the link of these products to the prestige of the English-speaking world is reinforced.
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Urakov, A. L. "OXYGEN-ALKALINE BLEACHING CLEANERS: IN WHICH COUNTRY AND WHEN THESE COSMETICS AND HYGIENE PRODUCTS INVENTED." Journal of Bio Innovation 10, no. 1 (February 15, 2021): 275–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.46344/jbino.2021.v010i01.23.
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Rahim, Norafni @. Farlina. "Prophetic Food-Based Cosmetics: A Segment of Halal Beauty Market." Ulum Islamiyyah 26 (January 23, 2019): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.33102/uij.vol26no.88.
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The current trends witness the Sunnah revival in every aspect of life. The studies and research of prophetic foods has shown a tremendous progress as alternative medicine. The numerous studies have proved that prophetic foods are very good for health. However, the potential of prophetic food in cosmetics and beauty products is still under explored. The prophetic food as main ingredients for cosmetics and beauty product is not new as some cosmetics brands have already have their products infused with prophetic food as main ingredients such as in Safi, The Body Shop and Good Virtues & Co. Thus, this paper tries to review the potential of prophetic food-based cosmetics as a segment in Halal beauty industry and its prospective in the Muslim market.
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Jairoun, Ammar Abdulrahman, Sabaa Saleh Al-Hemyari, Moyad Shahwan, Baharudin Ibrahim, Mohamed Azmi Hassali, and Sa’ed H. Zyoud. "Risk Assessment of Over-the-Counter Cannabinoid-Based Cosmetics: Legal and Regulatory Issues Governing the Safety of Cannabinoid-Based Cosmetics in the UAE." Cosmetics 8, no. 3 (June 23, 2021): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics8030057.
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Purpose: The lack of scientific evidence of the safety and efficacy of over-the-counter topical cannabinoid-based cosmetics remains a concern. The current study attempted to assess the quality of cannabinoid-based cosmetic products available on the UAE market. In particular, the study attempted to quantify the presence of undeclared tetrahydrocannabinol, specifically delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA), in these products. Methods: A total of 18 cannabinoid-based cosmetics were collected and analysed in this study. GC-MS analysis was used to determine the presence of total undeclared tetrahydrocannabinol. Results: The estimate for the average tetrahydrocannabinol content was 0.011% with a 95% CI (0.004−0.019). Leave-on cosmetics products are more likely to contain total tetrahydrocannabinol compared to rinse-off cosmetics (p = 0.041). Although there was no statistically significant difference in the total tetrahydrocannabinol according to cosmetic category, there was a tendency towards higher tetrahydrocannabinol content in the hand care products, baby products, and body care preparations. Conclusion: The current study reveals the need for producers of cannabinoid-based cosmetic products to issue quality certificates for each batch produced to inform users of the tested levels of tetrahydrocannabinol.
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Rampal, Abhimanyu, and S. P. Yamini Kanti. "Cosmetics in US and India: Overview of Regulations and Registration process." International Journal of Drug Regulatory Affairs 8, no. 4 (December 15, 2020): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/ijdra.v8i4.430.
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Cosmetics, for a long period of time have been used as beauty products for the care of body and face which eventually enhances a person’s appearance. These products are usually constituted from a mixture of different chemical compounds which are synthetic as well as organic in nature. For a long period of time, these products have not come under the ambit of regulatory authorities and have gone through the markets unchecked. The way a drug manufacturing and sale process is monitored by the regulatory authorities across the world, which includes careful monitoring of clinical trials, scrutinizing research results like safety, efficacy and quality of a drug has been avoided for a long period of time in case of parameters related to cosmetics. Some groups alleged that the industry practices are flawed, that there is little government regulation, and that cosmetics contain cancer-causing chemicals and other toxicants which are harmful for human body. Rules have certainly changed over time and major countries like India have started following guidelines while giving regulatory approval to cosmetics just like USA. The U.S. (FDA) functions include the banning and restriction of ingredients for safety purposes. The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) which is an independent review board that critically evaluates chemical ingredients used in cosmetics and publishes results of its findings. Similarly in India, CDSCO (Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation) and DCGI (Drug Controller General Of India), both are responsible for evaluating the composition of cosmetic products and their safety while referring to a drafted set of guidelines known as BIS( Bureau of Indian standards) guidelines. The article focuses on various aspects considered by USA and India while giving regulatory approval to cosmetic products.
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Murugavel, D. Muthamizh Vendan. "Talcum Powder: Problems And Satisfaction Of Consumers." Ushus - Journal of Business Management 8, no. 2 (June 10, 2017): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.12725/ujbm.15.7.
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Indian cosmetics and toiletries market is valued at $950 million. The key growth drivers for the cosmetics and toiletries market in India are rapid urbanization, increase in disposable incomes, and changes in people's tastes. The cosmetics market can be segregated into talcum powder, colour cosmetics (lip, eye, face, and nail care products), deodorants, and perfumes. The cosmetics market has been growing at the rate of 15-20% for the last few years. The sector has witnessed growth mainly from medium and low priced category that accounts for 90% of the cosmetic market. Talcum powders are the largest selling single item among cosmetics, since their application either directly to the body or even as a powder base provides a finishing touch to any make-up process. Talcum powders are intended for use on the body. The modern woman and man believe in concealing undue gloss or shine on the face and body. Talcum powder serves precisely this purpose. The success of this product is mainly concerned with the satisfaction of consumers, but, now-a-days they are facing numerous problems while using it.
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Šniepienė, Gražina, and Judita Jonuševičienė. "COSMETICS USAGE HABITS AND RELATED SIDE EFFECTS AMONG FEMALES: LITHUANIAN CASE." CBU International Conference Proceedings 7 (September 30, 2019): 824–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.12955/cbup.v7.1462.
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Background. Nowadays, it is generally recognized that physical appearance is important, women are particularly interested in their aesthetic appearance and the use of various cosmetic products. The long-term usage habits of cosmetic products have influenced not only the condition of the skin and hair but also on human health.
The aim of the survey was to investigate cosmetics use habits and related side effects among females.
Methods: A quantitative survey was performed; an original questionnaire based on scientific resources was used, used data collection method - a written survey. Survey sample – 336 Lithuanian women. Data analysis was performed using the social research statistics program SPSS 25.0. Percentage frequencies were calculated for ordinal variables - averages and standard deviations. The Pearson’s Chi-Square test and the non-parametric Kruskal Wallis and Mann Whitney tests were used to detect statistically significant differences. The significance level selected was p <0.05.
Results. The survey revealed the prevalence and frequency of the use of cosmetic products by women, as well as the choice criteria for selecting cosmetic products. The side effects related to the use of cosmetics experienced by women are investigated as well as some practices and habits regarding the use of cosmetics.
Conclusions. The study shows that the choice criteria of cosmetic products differ among separate women age groups. The older women are more concerned about the composition of the products, their naturalness, and the manufacturer, while the price is less important. Most commonly used are personal hygiene products including deodorants and perfumers. The older women use less cosmetic products (p <0.05) than the younger ones. The majority of women have experienced side effects related to the use of cosmetics. The study shows that the occurrence of side effects does not depend on the number of products used. However, they are related to the use habits: women who experience side effects more often (p <0.05) use expired cosmetic products. In addition, women with side effects are less likely to use cosmetic testers.
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Baptista, Augusto Henrique Amaral. "CONSUMER BEHAVIOR IN RELATION TO COSMETICS." South American Development Society Journal 6, no. 17 (September 2, 2020): 426. http://dx.doi.org/10.24325/issn.2446-5763.v6i17p426-444.
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Cosmetics are shown highlighted in trade not only in Brazil, but also worldwide. If previously there was little participation of the male audience in this segment, currently the scenario is different. The change in male behavior, the demands of modern society and the labor market for a better appearance, were the main factors that drove male demand for beauty products and services. The general objective is to understand and analyze male consumer behavior with cosmetics. The methodology used was a bibliographic, exploratory, quantitative research, with male consumers. The survey showed that 58% are concerned with appearance, 73% spend up to R $ 100.00, 55% are concerned with quality, 57% buy from specialized stores, vanity is related to well-being 61% and 48% buy products to take care of the whole body.
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Yao, Ming Long, and Jayesh C. Patel. "Rheological Characterization of Body Lotions." Applied Rheology 11, no. 2 (April 1, 2001): 83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/arh-2001-0005.
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Abstract This study is attempted to demonstrate the application of rheological measurements in characterization of cosmetics products. As part of this study, several rheological tests were carried out on three common, commercially available body lotions to analyze their complex properties. The tests described in this study were simple and predictive in which the viscoelastic properties were successfully related with the end-use performance properties such as applicability, processing behavior, temperature sensitivity and storage and thermal stability.
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Savych, A. M. "Peculiarities of care for patients with coronavirus infection. Important safety issues for health care workers." Infusion & Chemotherapy, no. 3.2 (December 15, 2020): 254–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.32902/2663-0338-2020-3.2-254-256.
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Background. In case of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), contact persons include, but are not limited to, health care workers (HCW) and caregivers of COVID-19 patients. Personal protective equipment is required for HCW working with patients or individuals with suspected COVID-19. Correct sequence and the correct technique of putting them on is very important.
Objective. To describe the safety measures for HCW in care of patients with COVID-19.
Materials and methods. Analysis of literature sources on this topic.
Results and discussion. Contaminated environmental surfaces take part in the contact route of transmission. To reduce the role of fomites in the transmission of the new SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, special recommendations of the Ministry of Health on surface cleaning and disinfection have been developed. After cleaning, disinfectants must be used to reduce the viral load on the surface. These disinfectants are also effective against other pathogens that are important in health care settings. Such agents include ethanol 70-90 %, chlorine-based agents, and hydrogen peroxide >0.5 %. The register of disinfectants of Ukraine contains more than 200 brands. The vast majority of them are represented by alcohol- and chlorine-containing solutions of various concentrations, colors and odors. The use of these solutions is limited to the torso and extremities. These solutions have a number of limitations and caveats in their use. For instance, in case of contact with mucous membranes, they have an irritating effect and require rinsing with plenty of water. Vapors of some of them should not be inhaled, so they should be used in well-ventilated areas or with protective equipment. Alcohol-based products should not be applied to damaged areas of the skin due to protein denaturation. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recommends to use the chlorine- and alcohol-based solutions with caution due to the lack of evidence of their safety. The decamethoxine-based solution Yusept (“Yuria-Pharm”) is intended for disinfection of hands and other parts of the body, including the face; for disinfection of HCW gloves and gloves in other places; for disinfection and pre-sterilization cleaning of all medical devices from various materials; for disinfection of hairdresser’s, manicure, pedicure and cosmetic accessories; for disinfection of rooms, furniture, patient care items, hygiene products, utensils, containers, sanitary equipment, rubber carpets; for current, final and preventive disinfection; for use in aerosol disinfection systems such as Yu-box and other disinfection systems. Proper hand washing technique is also an important preventive measure. The effectiveness of prevention of HCW infection during their professional duties depends on how serious the problem is taken by the management of the health care institution and the HCW, who work with infectious patients, themselves.
Conclusions. 1. For HCW working with patients or persons with suspected COVID-19, the use of personal protective equipment is mandatory. 2. Contaminated surfaces take part in the implementation of the contact route of infections’ transmission. 3. The vast majority of disinfectant solutions are alcohol- and chlorine-containing ones, which have a number of limitations and precautions in use. 4. Yusept solution is intended for disinfection of hands and other parts of the body, including the face; for disinfection and pre-sterilization cleaning of all medical devices; for disinfection of rooms, furniture, patient care items; for use in aerosol disinfection systems.
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Amasa, Wayessa, Dante Santiago, Seblework Mekonen, and Argaw Ambelu. "Are Cosmetics Used in Developing Countries Safe? Use and Dermal Irritation of Body Care Products in Jimma Town, Southwestern Ethiopia." Journal of Toxicology 2012 (2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/204830.
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Background. Rabbit skin model was used to test skin irritation of the most commonly used cosmetic products in Jimma town, southwestern Ethiopia. The most commonly used cosmetics were Dove, Glysolid, College, Top Society, Fair and Lovely, Nivea, Lux, Magic fruit world, Solea, Body talk, Kris, Holly, Victoria, and Sweet Heart.Methods. Intact and abraded rabbit skins were tested for erythema and edema under shade and under sun exposure. Draize Primary Irritation Index (PII) was used to calculate skin irritation of each cosmetic. Cosmetic ingredients were analyzed from the labels.Results and Discussion. Only Dove cream caused no skin irritation except for an abraded skin under sun exposure for five consecutive days. It has been identified that application of cosmetics on abraded skin under sunny condition worsens the irritation. Cosmetic labels revealed that most ingredients used in all products were those restricted chemicals due to their adverse health effects.Conclusion. This study has concluded that use of cosmetics under sunshine and also on abraded skin increases skin irritation. Hence, those users who have abraded skin are advised not to apply those cosmetics on continuous basis specifically under sun exposure.
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Su, Zhe, Fei-ya Luo, Xin-rong Pei, Feng-lan Zhang, Shu-xia Xing, and Gang-li Wang. "Final Publication of the “Regulations on the Supervision and Administration of Cosmetics” and New Prospectives of Cosmetic Science in China." Cosmetics 7, no. 4 (December 17, 2020): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics7040098.
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In June 2020, the new “Regulations on the Supervision and Administration of Cosmetics” (CSAR) was finally issued and published in China. This is the first revision of the “Regulations on Hygiene Supervision of Cosmetics” (CHSR) since its publication in 1989. As the basic and fundamental legislation for cosmetics, CSAR has a far-reaching impact on the whole industry and also reveals new trends in scientific research work. To provide an interpretation of this regulation and help enterprises and researchers better understand the new policies, in this study, the main contents of CSAR and its regulatory system were introduced, and the major changes and background considerations were summarized, especially in the definition and scope of cosmetics, classification and categorization, ingredient management, safety evaluation, efficacy substantiation and technical evaluation work. A brief review of technical progress worldwide and a comparison of regulatory requirements were provided where necessary. Finally, new prospects of cosmetic science in China were discussed. In conclusion, CSAR will initiate a renewed and integrated regulatory system for cosmetics. Advanced concepts of supervision, encouragement of innovation, utilization of technical approaches and emphasis on scientific investigations are reflected in the regulations, which will deeply influence the development of both cosmetic products and new ingredients. With all these new challenges and opportunities, everyone involved should get prepared.
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Miranda-Bermudez, Enio, Bhakti Petigara Harp, and Julie N. Barrows. "Qualitative Identification of Permitted and Non-permitted Color Additives in Cosmetics." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 97, no. 4 (July 1, 2014): 1039–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5740/jaoacint.14-025.
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Abstract Color additives are dyes, pigments, or other substances that can impart color when added or applied to foods, drugs, cosmetics, medical devices, or the human body. These substances must be pre-approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and listed in the Code of Federal Regulations before they may be used in FDA-regulated products. Both domestic and imported cosmetic products sold in interstate commerce fall under FDA jurisdiction, and FDA's district laboratories use a combination of analytical methods for identifying or confirming the presence of potentially violative color additives. We have developed a qualitative method for identifying 29 water- and methanol-soluble color additives in various types of cosmetic products. The color additives are extracted with combinations of methylene chloride, methanol, acetic acid, and water and are identified by LC with photodiode array detection. Estimated LOD values ranged from 0.1 to 1.5 mg/L. A survey of lip products, nail polishes, eye products, blushes, body glitter, face paints, bath products, creams, and toothpastes identified permitted and non-permitted color additives. Our new LC method is intended to supplement the visible spectrophotometry and TLC methods currently used by FDA's district laboratories and will help optimize the use of time, labor, and solvents.
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Jaini, Azila, Farzana Quoquab, Jihad Mohammad, and Nazimah Hussin. "“I buy green products, do you…?”." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Healthcare Marketing 14, no. 1 (December 9, 2019): 89–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijphm-02-2019-0017.
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Purpose In recent years, consumers are moving toward purchasing green cosmetics instead of chemical one. Plenty of cosmetics products are banned globally due to the usage of poisonous substances such as triphenyl phosphate and petroleum. As such, it is needed to shift the conventional purchase behavior to green purchase behavior (GPB) to reduce the negative impact on the environment and health. This study aims to investigate the factors that affect GPB in the context of cosmetics products purchase. Additionally, this study examines the moderating role of electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM) in influencing such green behavior. Design/methodology/approach This study used value-belief-norm (VBN) theory and elaboration likelihood model as a theoretical basis. By using judgmental sampling techniques, a total of 318 usable responses were gathered through online survey. The structural equation modeling approach using partial least square (SmartPLS, version 3.7) technique was used to test the study hypotheses. Findings Results reveal that altruistic value and hedonic value both positively affect pro-environmental beliefs, which eventually affect consumers’ personal norms. It is found that hedonic value has a greater influence on pro-environmental belief than altruistic value. Additionally, personal norm also exerts significant influence on GPB. Data also support the mediating role of pro-environmental belief and personal norm. Moreover, the multidimensional eWOM moderates the relationship between personal norm and GPB. Practical implications The findings from this study provide valuable insights for marketers, academicians and practitioners about the drivers of consumers’ green cosmetics purchase behavior. It will enable marketers to develop better strategies for the green market segment. Social implications The study findings also contribute to the social aspects by understanding consumers’ purchase behavior toward green cosmetics products. It ultimately promotes to consider a healthier lifestyle and to be concerned about environmental well-being. Originality/value This study is the first to introduce the eWOM as a moderator in the VBN theory. Moreover, this study contributes to the existing body of knowledge in the field by examining few new linkages; more specifically, considering pro-environmental belief as to the mediator between “hedonic value and personal norm,” as well as the mediating effect of personal norm in the relationship between “pro-environmental belief and GPB.” Moreover, this is a pioneer study to consider eWOM as a multidimensional construct rather than unidimensional, which is new in green marketing literature.
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Magacz, Marcin, Karolina Kędziora, Jacek Sapa, and Wirginia Krzyściak. "The Significance of Lactoperoxidase System in Oral Health: Application and Efficacy in Oral Hygiene Products." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 6 (March 21, 2019): 1443. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20061443.
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Lactoperoxidase (LPO) present in saliva are an important element of the nonspecific immune response involved in maintaining oral health. The main role of this enzyme is to oxidize salivary thiocyanate ions (SCN−) in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to products that exhibit antimicrobial activity. LPO derived from bovine milk has found an application in food, cosmetics, and medical industries due to its structural and functional similarity to the human enzyme. Oral hygiene products enriched with the LPO system constitute an alternative to the classic fluoride caries prophylaxis. This review describes the physiological role of human salivary lactoperoxidase and compares the results of clinical trials and in vitro studies of LPO alone and complex dentifrices enriched with bovine LPO. The role of reactivators and inhibitors of LPO is discussed together with the possibility of using nanoparticles to increase the stabilization and activity of this enzyme.
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Brandão, Pedro Francisco, Rui Miguel Ramos, and José António Rodrigues. "GDME-based methodology for the determination of free formaldehyde in cosmetics and hygiene products containing formaldehyde releasers." Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 410, no. 26 (July 30, 2018): 6873–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00216-018-1287-0.
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Kroløkke, Charlotte, Elizabeth Dickinson, and Karen A. Foss. "The placenta economy: From trashed to treasured bio-products." European Journal of Women's Studies 25, no. 2 (November 17, 2016): 138–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1350506816679004.
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This article examines the human placenta not only as a scientific, medical and biological entity but as a consumer bio-product. In the emergent placenta economy, the human placenta is exchanged and gains potentiality as food, medicine and cosmetics. Drawing on empirical research from the United States, the United Kingdom, Denmark and Japan, the authors use feminist cultural analysis and consumer theories to discuss how the placenta is exchanged and gains commodity status as a medical supplement, smoothie, pill and anti-ageing lotion. Placenta preparers and new mothers cite medical properties and spirituality as reasons for eating or encapsulating the placenta, reinstating ideas of the liberated good mother. Meanwhile, the cosmetics industry situates the placenta as an extract and hence a commodity, re-naturalizing it as an anti-ageing, rejuvenating and whitening bio-product. The authors conclude that, in the emergent bio-economy, the dichotomy between the inner and the outer body is deconstructed, while the placenta gains clinical and industrial as well as affective value.
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Dugalic, Sretenka. "Strategic management of technology in phytopharmacy." Chemical Industry 57, no. 5 (2003): 219–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind0305219d.
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The paper deals with the: 1. Meaning, characteristics and developing possibilities of phytotherapy; 2. Dimensions of markets and technologies in managing phytotherapic assortment. By observing the final results, which were obtained by means of representative sources and other research of phytotherapeutics products, it can be expected applicable to a broader range in practice with input to marketing ideas. The models, presented here, are meant to be innovative applications in the medical marketing concept, by the results of broad spending in the food service industry (domain of dietetics) in the manufacture of food for children, in the manufacture of 'medical cosmetics' and cosmetic-druggist assortments (products for hygiene, shampoos soaps, creams and buble baths).
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Hall, Sophie W., Ron Shaoul, and Andrew S. Day. "The Contribution of Non-Food-Based Exposure to Gluten on the Management of Coeliac Disease." Gastrointestinal Disorders 2, no. 2 (May 22, 2020): 140–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gidisord2020014.
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The management of coeliac disease involves the life-long adherence to a strict gluten free diet. There have been concerns about exposure to gluten or other cereal components that are not contained in foods. This manuscript reviews the available literature focused on the potential for exposure to non-food-based gluten and the potential relevance of this to the ongoing management of individuals with coeliac disease. The products of consideration included dental and oral hygiene products, cosmetics and packaging products. Each of these items has been considered, with caution noted in regards to dental products and potential concern about novel packaging applications. Accidental ingestion by younger children of items such as play-dough during play also requires care. In conclusion, there is currently little firm data to guide individuals with coeliac disease, other than caution about specific items.
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De Deus, Estefani Sandmann, and Carmem Ligia Iochins Grisci. "Indícios da relação entre embelezamento físico e trabalho imaterial na indústria e na mídia." Revista de Administração da UFSM 12, no. 4 (November 27, 2019): 701. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/1983465923533.
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With the overall objective of questioning whether there is evidence pointing to physical beautification as a positive factor for immaterial labor, the present paper sought specifically to gather evidence from: a) the Brazilian Society of Plastic Surgery (ABCP); b) the Brazilian Association of personal hygiene, perfume and cosmetics industry (ABIHPEC); c) the Brazilian institute of geography and statistics (IBGE); d) the Commercial Board of the State of Rio Grande do Sul (JUCERGS); e) headlines of nationwide circulation magazines. Evidence was found pointing to a relationship between production and consumption of beauty products with a view to self-profitability within the scope of immaterial labor. From the results of the study, it can be said that the previously mentioned evidence strengthens physical attractiveness as a positive factor for immaterial labor.With the overall objective of questioning whether there is evidence pointing to physical beautification as a positive factor for immaterial labor, the present paper sought specifically to gather evidence from: a) the Brazilian Society of Plastic Surgery (ABCP); b) the Brazilian Association of personal hygiene, perfume and cosmetics industry (ABIHPEC); c) the Brazilian institute of geography and statistics (IBGE); d) the Commercial Board of the State of Rio Grande do Sul (JUCERGS); e) headlines of nationwide circulation magazines. Evidence was found pointing to a relationship between production and consumption of beauty products with a view to self-profitability within the scope of immaterial labor. From the results of the study, it can be said that the previously mentioned evidence strengthens physical attractiveness as a positive factor for immaterial labor.
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Arora, Gulhima. "Insights into Cosmeceuticals." Cosmoderma 1 (August 18, 2021): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/csdm_34_2021.
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A cosmetic is “intended to be rubbed, poured, sprinkled, or sprayed on, introduced into, or otherwise applied to the human body for cleansing, beautifying, promoting attractiveness, or altering the appearance” while a drug is “intended for use in diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease, i.e. it affects the structure and function of the body.” Cosmeceuticals attempt to interface between a pure cosmetic and a drug. They are those which lie between a prescription and a non-prescription over-the-counter product. They are medical products, which are cosmetics, with functional benefits for the skin, hair, and nails. Cosmeceuticals are disease-treating and disease-modifying. Dermatologists form a unique interface between products with perceived advantages and those with proven efficacy. In an attempt to hard-sell products with minimal side effects, certain compounds may contain subtherapeutic doses of topical agents hence rendering them ineffective. On the other hand, certain products may form a useful bridge with a safety profile better than cosmetics in their class. This article reviews commonly available and evolving cosmeceuticals, their rationale, side effects, and use in dermatology practice with the aim to sensitize dermatologists about their perceived usefulness.
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Wang, Lai-Hao, and Shu-Jen Tsai. "Voltammetric behavior of chlorhexidine at a film mercury electrodes and its determination in cosmetics and oral hygiene products." Analytica Chimica Acta 441, no. 1 (August 2001): 107–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0003-2670(01)01083-2.
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Nieradko-Iwanicka, Barbara, Katarzyna Chrobok, Justyna Skolarczyk, and Joanna Pekar. "What is the pH, Fe and Cl2 content of cosmetics we use? – a pilot study on safety of skin care products." Polish Journal of Public Health 127, no. 2 (June 1, 2017): 78–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pjph-2017-0017.
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Abstract Introduction. The skin is one of the largest organs of the body protecting from external insults in order to maintain homeostasis. It plays many roles: in thermal, electrolyte, hormonal, metabolic, and immune regulation. Proper pH of skin plays a role in creation of skin barrier and resistance to external agents. Cl2 and Fe may irritate skin. If noxious factors are strong, they damage the tissues under the skin. When the insult is severe enough to overwhelm the protective function of the skin, it may manifest itself with acute or chronic skin injury. Therefore, it is important to know if the used skin products are safe. Aim. The objective of the study was to determine pH, Cl2 and Fe content in selected cosmetics. Material and methods. A total of 62 skin product samples were collected and divided into 4 groups: I soaps and gels, II hair cosmetics, III creams and balms, IV facial cosmetics. The pH, Cl2 and Fe content in each sample was determined three times and means were calculated. Data were analyzed with one way ANOVA followed by Tukey test. P<0.05 was considered significant. Results. The pH in group III was significantly higher than in the other groups. Fe content was significantly higher in hair cosmetics as well as in creams and balms. Cl2 content was high in soaps and hair cosmetics. Conclusions. The majority of the analyzed samples had pH within the healthy range. Traces of Cl2 and Fe present in cosmetics are unlikely to cause skin irritation.
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ANIS SAATI, ELFI, THEOVILLA RRD, and SIMON BW. AULANNI’AM. "OPTIMALISASI FUNGSI PIGMEN BUNGA MAWAR SORTIRAN SEBAGAI ZAT PEWARNA ALAMI DAN BIOAKTIF PADA PRODUK INDUSTRI." Jurnal Teknik Industri 12, no. 2 (February 18, 2012): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/jtiumm.vol12.no2.133-140.
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The roses known to contain anthocyanins pigments and as a bioactive compound which can act as free radical catcher material. When harvest season arrives in number will be very abundant. Flowers sorting which can decrease the selling price can be processed in the form of natural dyes for food, cosmetics and medicines / herbs. The purpose of this study is to know applications rose to the quality of some industrial products. The experiment was conducted in (fresh, 2 and 4 days), that performed using randomized block design. Phase II is the application of pigment products of red roses on some industrial products (ie food products, herbal and cosmetics), using the design in accordance with their respective target. The results showed that ucts such as fruit juice, yoghurt, jelly, carbonated beverage (food) and body lotion (cosmetic), and can contribute to the natural color at a time serves as a source of bioactive in effervescent tablets.
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Mujtaba, Syed Faiz, Agha Parvez Masih, Ibrahim Alqasmi, Ahmad Alsulimani, Faizan Haider Khan, and Shafiul Haque. "Oxidative-Stress-Induced Cellular Toxicity and Glycoxidation of Biomolecules by Cosmetic Products under Sunlight Exposure." Antioxidants 10, no. 7 (June 23, 2021): 1008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox10071008.
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Cosmetics, commonly known as ‘makeup’ are products that can enhance the appearance of the human body. Cosmetic products include hair dyes, shampoos, skincare, sunscreens, kajal, and other makeup products. Cosmetics are generally applied throughout the face and over the neck region. Sunlight has different wavelengths of light, which include UV-A, UV-B, UV-C, and other radiations. Most cosmetic products have absorption maxima (λmax) in the range of visible light and UV-R. The effect of light-induced photosensitization of cosmetic products, which results in the production of free radicals through type-I and type-II photosensitization mechanisms. Free-radicals-mediated DNA damage and oxidative stress are common consequences of cosmetic phototoxicity. Cosmetic phototoxicity may include percutaneous absorption, skin irritation, eye irritation, photosensitization, mutagenicity, and genotoxicity. Oxidative stress induces membrane lipid peroxidation, glycoxidation, and protein covalent modifications, resulting in their dysfunction. Natural antioxidants inhibit oxidative-stress-induced cosmetic toxicity. Sunlight-induced photodegradation and accumulation of cosmetic photoproducts are also a matter of serious concern. India has tropical weather conditions throughout the year and generally, a majority of human activities such as commerce, agriculture, sports, etc. are performed under bright sunlight conditions. Thus, more focused and dedicated research is warranted to explore the effects of cosmetics on oxidative stress, glycoxidation of biomolecules, and photoproducts accumulation for its total human safety.
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Lim, Ying San,, Phing Cai, Andy Hong, Tuan Hock, Ng, and Ying Zhee, Lim. "Generation Z: The Purchase Intention of Green Skin Care Products." 12th GLOBAL CONFERENCE ON BUSINESS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 12, no. 1 (October 8, 2021): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/gcbssproceeding.2021.12(83).
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The cosmetics and toiletry industry has growing up very fast. In 2016, the total global revenue cosmetics industry amounted to USD$444 billion. According to Lee, Goh, & Noor ( 2019), the skincare products dominated the cosmetics and toiletry market with a market value of approximately USD$ 120 billion. Between 2012 and 2019, the global skincare market expanded by 41.8 percent, and by 2025, it is expected to be worth $189 billion (Ledesma, 2020). The skin is the largest organ in the body, hence, many people will find ways to protect it, one of the way people are using to protect the skin is to apply any supplement on skin to keep the good condition of the skin. However, according to Cunningham (2014), the used of chemical items in the cosmetic skin care industry is extremely unregulated. For example, Parabens that cause breast cancer are found in cosmetics. The chemical used in the skin care products had rise the attention of the users to start to pay attention on the ingredient of the skin care products. One of the way people are using in order to avoid the harmful chemical in skin care products is to to choose skin care with natural ingredient (Espitia, 2020), this happend especially among the younger consumers (Boon et al., 2020; Hsu et al.,2017). The green skincare industry is growing rapidly. Green skin care, according to previous studies (Fauzi & Hashim, 2015; Hsu et al., 2017), is any skin care products which can preserve or enhance the natural environment by conserving energy or resources and decreasing or eliminating the usage of harmful agents, pollution, and waste. Studies showed there is an increasing in the consumption of green skincare products and toiletries by 45%, from a peak of RM 1.6 billion (in 1998) to RM 2.2 billion (in 2010), with sales estimated to exceed $1.1 billion in 2010 among young people (Boon et al., 2020). Keywords: Green Skin Care, Generation Z, Theory Of Planned Behaviour
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Nieradko-Iwanicka, Barbara, Kornelia Dąbrowska, and Wiktoria Chodun. "The pH of soaps, skin care products and cosmetics used in the period of COVID-19 pandemic." Polish Journal of Public Health 130, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 57–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pjph-2020-0013.
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Abstract Introduction. Human skin is the outer cover of the body. It performs important functions for the entire organism, such as protection of internal organs. The skin also protects the body against the effects of the external environment, ensures the balance between the environment and the inside of organism. Due to the pandemic, all members of the public are encouraged to frequently wash or disinfect hands, which may lead to skin irritation. Aim. The aim of the study was to check the pH of soaps, skin care products and selected cosmetics used in the period of COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and methods. For pH determination the CP-105 pH meter manufactured by ELMETRON® (Poland) was used. A total of 111 products available on the Polish market were collected for testing. The results were compared with the pH of tap water samples. Results. The soaps had mean pH of 5.04±1.04, shampoos 6.04±1.57, creams 6.87±0.1, products for depilation 9.8±3.06. All the values were within legal ranges. Conclusion. The majority of skin and hair cosmetics have pH close to the pH of tap water. Chemical hair removal products have the most alkaline pH and therefore, require extreme caution as they can cause irritation.
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Bhuvaneswari, V. S., and R. S. Chandan. "REVIEW ON SAFETY ASSESSMENT OF A COSMETIC PRODUCT." International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research 10, no. 3 (May 17, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijcpr.2018v10i3.27333.
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Cosmetics can be defined as, “substances which are intended to be applied to the human body for cleansing, beautifying, promoting attractiveness, or altering the appearance without affecting the body’s structure or functions” according to USFDA. This review encompasses a brief description of the process of safety assessment of a cosmetic product. There is no significant systemic absorption of cosmetics by penetration through skin, but some products are intended to apply on the mucous membranes or skin surrounding the mucous membranes which may result in significant systemic absorption on continuous use. Serious health hazards have not been observed mostly, but in some cases, lead to severe reactions like, allergy, irritation, comedogenicity, genotoxicity, photosensitivity etc. At the same time, long terms effects of usage of cosmetics are still unknown as the products are used repeatedly over a long period of time. Hence, safety evaluation of a cosmetic product is the most prominent step before release of the product into the market. There are no specific safety regulations for cosmetics, but the safety of the product is the responsibility of the manufacturer. The article explains about different organizations that are responsible for the safety of the cosmetic products before they are released into the market in different countries and also about the Product Information File (PIF). The safety of a cosmetic product both at industrial level and finished product level are explained. The different tests deployed for the safety assessment of a cosmetic product are also explained.
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Smith, Michelle J., and Jane Nicholas. "Soft Rejuvenation: Cosmetics, Idealized White Femininity, and Young Women’s Bodies, 1880–1930." Journal of Social History 53, no. 4 (2020): 906–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jsh/shz036.
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Abstract In this article we draw together the histories of rejuvenation and cosmetic use in order to examine discourses of “soft rejuvenation” in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. While rejuvenation has typically been considered in relation to transnational medicalized attempts to restore youthful vitality and virility, we suggest that the logic of rejuvenation was feminized through the promotion of cosmetic and daily self-care regimens in this period. Drawing on material from British, American, and Canadian contexts relating to beauty and hygiene, we suggest that daily practices of caring for and disciplining the white female body, especially through cosmetic use, were legitimated, in part, using the rhetoric of rejuvenation. The article considers how the transnational, the modern, and the propagation of whiteness in the early twentieth century were mobilized in these ideas of how daily bodily work could preserve the (white) youthful face and body, which was understood to embody health and vigor. This discourse was significant for young women, who were subject to male control over their bodies as they began to be employed in nontraditional workplaces; however, we also argue that these cosmetic practices can be understood as a component of girls’ and women’s own self-fashioning of modern identities.
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Kheder, Malik H., Hanaa N. Azeez, and Firas M. Al-Jomaily. "ALPHA EMITTERS RADIOACTIVITY CONCENTRATIONS IN SOME COSMETICS USED IN IRAQ USING LR-115 DETECTOR." EUREKA: Physics and Engineering 2 (March 31, 2020): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2461-4262.2020.001171.
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Cosmetics play an important role of human external appearance, its products used to alter or enhance the facial appearance or the body and skincare, currently worldwide consumed with frequently use increasing the human body exposure to the various chemical elements including radioactive substances. This research aimed to measure the concentrations of alpha emitters, and the annual effective dose AED resulting from radon intake. LR-115 track detector used to measure radon, and radium concentrations in 20 cosmetics samples selected from markets. In this work the concentrations of radon in the samples found to vary from 9.876 to 30.97 Bq/m3 with 22.11 Bq/m3 a mean value, this mean value is a very small than 100 Bq/m3 the reference level limits of the World Health Organization (WHO). The annual radon effective dose varied between 0.249–0.781 mSv/y which is within the range of 0.2-10 mSv/y (UNSCEAR). Radium contents vary between 0.041–0.249 Bq/Kg with 0.115 Bq/Kg as a mean value. This work identified law measured concentrations of radionuclide present in cosmetics showed its safe for use
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Kama, Amit, and Sigal Barak-Brandes. "Taming the shame: Policing excretions and body fluids in advertisements for hygiene products." European Journal of Cultural Studies 16, no. 5 (June 25, 2013): 582–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1367549413491719.
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Nizioł-Łukaszewska, Zofia, Tomasz Bujak, Tomasz Wasilewski, and Edyta Szmuc. "Inulin as an effectiveness and safe ingredient in cosmetics." Polish Journal of Chemical Technology 21, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pjct-2019-0008.
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Abstract Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus) and chicory (Cichorium intybus) are valuable pharmaceutical raw materials on account of their high content of inulin, a natural prebiotic. Inulin-rich plants are also increasingly employed in the formulation of cosmetic products. The paper presents the biological properties of aqueous and aqueous-ethanolic extracts of Jerusalem artichoke and chicory. The extracts have been found to have a high free radical scavenging ability, with the most beneficial antioxidant properties being observed for the aqueous-ethanolic extract of Jerusalem artichoke. Inulin isolated from both plant types is a safe and non-toxic raw material. Inulin added to model body wash gel formulations markedly reduces their potential to cause skin irritation and sensitization.
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Abd Rahman, Azmawani, Ebrahim Asrarhaghighi, and Suhaimi Ab Rahman. "Consumers and Halal cosmetic products: knowledge, religiosity, attitude and intention." Journal of Islamic Marketing 6, no. 1 (March 9, 2015): 148–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jima-09-2013-0068.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to add to the body of knowledge about attitude and intention to choose a Halal product. Despite the importance of the Halal cosmetic market for both producers and consumers, the existing literature focusses on Halal food products, and only a limited number of studies exist about Halal cosmetic products. This study assesses the effects of knowledge and religiosity on attitudes towards Halal cosmetics products, as well as the effect of those attitudes on the intention to buy the Halal cosmetic products. This study also investigates the existence of differences between consumers’ attitudes towards Halal cosmetics and Halal food products. Design/methodology/approach – This study used a self-administrated questionnaire with closed-ended questions. The questionnaire was distributed using non-probability convenience sampling. At the end of data collection period, a total of 110 usable questionnaires from Muslim respondents over the age of 18 years old were used for further analysis. To assess the relationship between knowledge, religiosity, attitude and intention, a structural equation modeling technique was used. And to investigate the difference between attitude and intention for Halal cosmetic and Halal food products, the pair sample t-test were applied. Findings – The findings of the study show that the relationship between knowledge and attitude is insignificant, but there is a significant positive relationship between religiosity and attitude. From the lens of theory of reasoned action (TRA), this study indicates that there is a positive relationship between attitude and intention to choose Halal cosmetic products. This study also found a significant difference between consumers’ attitudes towards Halal cosmetics and attitudes towards Halal food products, as well as consumers’ intentions to choose Halal cosmetics and intentions to choose Halal food products among Malaysian consumers. Moreover, the results indicate that Malaysian consumers have more positive attitudes and intentions towards Halal food products than towards Halal cosmetic products. Research limitations/implications – Because the sample of the study is limited to consumers from one country (Malaysia), it is suggested that the future studies choose their samples from consumers in different countries. Practical implications – The results of the study give implication to firms competing in the cosmetic industry. Religiosity is one of the main factors that should be taken into account in promoting their cosmetic products. Also, as the relationship between attitude and intention to choose Halal cosmetics is similar to the relationship for Halal foods, marketers may try similar ways to promote both the products. However, the attitude and intention to choose Halal cosmetics is still lower than Halal foods. Social implications – The result of this study provides an insight for the Malaysian consumers to realize whether knowledge and religiosity have any relationship towards consumers’ attitudes towards Halal cosmetic products. The results also provide information to consumers that they are more likely to have stronger attitudes towards Halal food products than the cosmetic products. This study will be significant to the consumers, the importer and exporter, the producer and marketer and the researcher as well as the government. Originality/value – This study is the first study which has assessed the antecedents and consequence of consumers’ attitude towards Halal cosmetic products in one model. Moreover, this research is among the first attempts to investigate the significant difference in Malaysian consumers’ attitude and intention between Halal cosmetic and food products.
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Rahmadani, Tuti Alawiyah, and Rina Herowati. "Detection of Heavy Metal Pb in Cosmetics at Traditional Market of Banjarmasin." Journal of Pharmacy and Science 6, no. 2 (July 22, 2021): 99–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.53342/pharmasci.v6i2.220.
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Background: Impurities produced from the basic ingredients of making cosmetics, one of which is lead (Pb). Lead is a substance that is harmful and toxic to the human body. Lead can affect the hematopoetic system, nervous system, reproductive system, endocrine system and is carcinogenic. Objective: To determine the presence of lead (Pb) heavy metal contamination in mascara products circulating in the Banjarmasin traditional market. Methods: This study used a descriptive observational method. Testing qualitatively using KI, NaOH, and HCl reagents. Results: The test results obtained from the sample after being reacted with the three reagents showed a positive presence of lead (Pb) heavy metal. With KI solution shows a yellow-black precipitate, with NaOH solution shows a white precipitate and with HCl solution shows a white precipitate. Conclusion: Qualitative tests on mascara cosmetic products taken at different points of sale in the Banjarmasin traditional market using color reagents in KI solution, NaOH solution, and HCl solution, it can be concluded that the qualitative test results show a positive presence of heavy metal lead (Pb). on mascara products.
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Sukmarani, I. Gusti Ayu Putu. "TUPOKSI APOTEKER DALAM PENJAMINAN MUTU PRODUK KOSMETIK SESUAI KETENTUAN CPKB DI INDUSTRI FARMASI KOSMETIK." Indonesian Journal of Legal and Forensic Sciences (IJLFS) 10, no. 2 (December 30, 2020): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/ijlfs.2020.v10.i02.p04.
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Cosmetics are a preparation or product for women and men that are used on the outside of the human body. The cosmetic industry implements an operational system in producing cosmetics by ensuring the quality and safety of cosmetic products to be produced. A cosmetic industry in producing cosmetics must comply with the standard requirements for the quality of cosmetic products that have been determined in accordance with the CPKB (Good C Manufacturing Practices). CPKB is a basic feasibility guideline according to the requirements aimed at making a cosmetic industry produce safe, useful and quality products. Pharmacists who work as QA (Quality Assurance) in the pharmaceutical industry for quality assurance of cosmetic products. The benefit of this article is the role of pharmacists in quality assurance of cosmetic products according to GCMP provisions in the cosmetic pharmaceutical industry. The purpose of this article is to determine the role of pharmacists in the quality assurance of cosmetic products contained in the GCMP. The method in this article is literature study using sources, guidelines, references regarding the main duties and functions of a pharmacist. Quality Assurance (QA) functions to ensure that product quality remains during the shelf-life to distribution processes, ensures that self-inspection or quality audits are in accordance with procedures, ensures suppliers of the starting materials used and the packaging are evaluated in accordance with the provisions in order to meet quality requirements. The task of pharmacists as quality assurance is to regulate the design, manufacture and development of products in accordance with applicable regulations, implement the product manufacturing process to comply with the provisions, ensure that the supply of materials, use of starting materials, manufacture and packaging are correct.
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Tran, Thien Hien, Thi Kim Ngan Tran, Thi Cam Quyen Ngo, Tri Nhut Pham, Long Giang Bach, Nguyen Quynh Anh Phan, and Thi Hong Nhan Le. "Color and composition of beauty products formulated with lemongrass essential oil: Cosmetics formulation with lemongrass essential oil." Open Chemistry 19, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 820–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/chem-2021-0066.
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Abstract Diversification of products that are derived from essential oils carries important implications in reducing agricultural waste and promoting the medicinal materials industry. In this study, we formulated a shampoo and a body wash product incorporated with lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) essential oils (LEOs) and evaluated their color stability and the LEO compositional change. We first determined the color change and chemical composition of bare LEO under different storage conditions. Afterward, the washing product base was formulated, and its formulation process was optimized to minimize the color change by varying a wide range of parameters including pH, the inclusion of preservatives and antioxidants, LEO/antioxidant ratio, and emulsification temperature. The base product was then used in body wash and shampoo formulation following our previously reported procedure. The results indicated that direct incorporation of the LEO into the cosmetic products resulted in better color stability and citral retention in comparison with emulsion formation. In addition, shampoo and body wash products showed no detectible presence of compounds resulting from citral decomposition such as 3,7-dimethyl-1,3,6-octatriene, p-mentha-1,5-dien-8-ol, and p-cymene-8-ol. The current findings are expected to aid in diversifying LEO-derived commodities and justifying scalability of the cosmetics production process with a focus on the incorporation of naturally derived ingredients.
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Dini, Irene, and Sonia Laneri. "The New Challenge of Green Cosmetics: Natural Food Ingredients for Cosmetic Formulations." Molecules 26, no. 13 (June 26, 2021): 3921. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26133921.
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Nowadays, much attention is paid to issues such as ecology and sustainability. Many consumers choose “green cosmetics”, which are environmentally friendly creams, makeup, and beauty products, hoping that they are not harmful to health and reduce pollution. Moreover, the repeated mini-lock downs during the COVID-19 pandemic have fueled the awareness that body beauty is linked to well-being, both external and internal. As a result, consumer preferences for makeup have declined, while those for skincare products have increased. Nutricosmetics, which combines the benefits derived from food supplementation with the advantages of cosmetic treatments to improve the beauty of our body, respond to the new market demands. Food chemistry and cosmetic chemistry come together to promote both inside and outside well-being. A nutricosmetic optimizes the intake of nutritional microelements to meet the needs of the skin and skin appendages, improving their conditions and delaying aging, thus helping to protect the skin from the aging action of environmental factors. Numerous studies in the literature show a significant correlation between the adequate intake of these supplements, improved skin quality (both aesthetic and histological), and the acceleration of wound-healing. This review revised the main foods and bioactive molecules used in nutricosmetic formulations, their cosmetic effects, and the analytical techniques that allow the dosage of the active ingredients in the food.
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Kazimierska, Kinga, and Urszula Kalinowska-Lis. "Milk Proteins—Their Biological Activities and Use in Cosmetics and Dermatology." Molecules 26, no. 11 (May 28, 2021): 3253. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26113253.
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Milk and colostrum have high biological potential, and due to their natural origin and non-toxicity, they have many uses in cosmetics and dermatology. Research is ongoing on their potential application in other fields of medicine, but there are still few results; most of the published ones are included in this review. These natural products are especially rich in proteins, such as casein, β-lactoglobulin, α-lactalbumin, lactoferrin, immunoglobulins, lactoperoxidase, lysozyme, and growth factors, and possess various antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anticancer, antioxidant, immunomodulatory properties, etc. This review describes the physico-chemical properties of milk and colostrum proteins and the natural functions they perform in the body and compares their composition between animal species (cows, goats, and sheep). The milk- and colostrum-based products can be used in dietary supplementation and for performing immunomodulatory functions; they can enhance the effects of certain drugs and can have a lethal effect on pathogenic microorganisms. Milk products are widely used in the treatment of dermatological diseases for promoting the healing of chronic wounds, hastening tissue regeneration, and the treatment of acne vulgaris or plaque psoriasis. They are also increasingly regarded as active ingredients that can improve the condition of the skin by reducing the number of acne lesions and blackheads, regulating sebum secretion, ameliorating inflammatory changes as well as bestowing a range of moisturizing, protective, toning, smoothing, anti-irritation, whitening, soothing, and antiaging effects.
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Nourmoradi, H., M. Foroghi, M. Farhadkhani, and M. Vahid Dastjerdi. "Assessment of Lead and Cadmium Levels in Frequently Used Cosmetic Products in Iran." Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2013 (2013): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/962727.
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This study aims to investigate the content of lead and cadmium in most frequently used brands of cosmetic products (lipstick and eye shadow) in Iran. Fifty samples of lipstick (5 colors in 7 brands) and eye shadow (3 colors in 5 brands) were selected taken from large cosmetic stores in Isfahan (Iran) and lead and cadmium of them were analyzed. The results showed that the concentration of lead and cadmium in the lipsticks was within the range of 0.08–5.2 µg/g and 4.08–60.20 µg/g, respectively. The eye shadow samples had a lead level of 0.85–6.90 µg/g and a cadmium level of 1.54–55.59 µg/g. The content range of the heavy metals in the eye shadows was higher than that of the lipsticks. There was significant difference between the average of the lead content in the different brands of the lipsticks and eye shadows. Thus, the continuous use of these cosmetics can increase the absorption of heavy metals, especially Cd and Pb, in the body when swallowing lipsticks or through dermal cosmetic absorption. The effects of heavy metals such as lead can be harmful, especially for pregnant women and children. Therefore, effort must be made to inform the users and the general public about the harmful consequences of cosmetics.
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Watanabe, Eiji, Mitsuharu Fukaya, Kaori Nishizawa, Takeshi Miki, and Hiroshi Taoda. "Test Method for Skin Damage of Titania Photocatalyst Nanoparticles In Vitro." Materials Science Forum 569 (January 2008): 9–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.569.9.
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Nanoscale TiO2 is widely used in consumer products like sunscreen and cosmetics. The establishment of damage evaluation test method was attempted to examine the potential neurotoxicity of nanoscale TiO2 to human body skin in vitro model. The emergence amounts of carbon dioxide, which was expected one of the generation products from the skin according to the titania photocatalyst nanoparticles activity under UV / visible light radiation, were identified and measured by the gas analyzer. It was found that it could evaluate the degrees of damage to skin with the photocatalysts activity by using the new evaluation test method considered.
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Md Saleh, Noorashikin. "Vortex Assisted Extraction for Propyl Paraben Analysis in Cosmetics." ASM Science Journal 12 (November 5, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2019.310.
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Propylparaben is an ester of para-hydroxybenzoic acid and commonly used as a preservative in the cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and food products. However, several recent reports demonstrated that paraben possesses an estrogenic activity and causes cancer for the consumer. Therefore, the extraction of propylparaben from cosmetics requires method that is easy, fast, user-friendly and accurate reproducible result. Conventional techniques such as liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) show some disadvantages such as the use of a large amount of solvent and time-consuming. Therefore, this present study aims to apply vortex assisted extraction (VAE) in determining the concentration of propylparaben in cosmetic samples and analyse using ultraviolet spectroscopy (UV-Vis). From the results, the calibration curve was found in the range of 0.2-1.0mg/L with a regression coefficient, r2=0.9932 and relative standard deviation (RSD) less than 1%. The limit of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) for VAE was 0.090mg/L and 0.302mg/L, respectively. Operating parameters for VAE (concentration of salt, type of solvent and extraction time) and LLE (concentration of salt, extraction time, type and volume of solvent) have been optimised and subsequently applied to the extraction using the real samples. Ten cosmetic products were chosen randomly such as shampoo, body wash, gargle, toner, mouth rinse, lotion, feminine wash, face mask, and scrub. The recoveries for VAE and LLE were 76.7% -103.4% (RSD=0.1-4.0%) and 62.5%-93.9% (RSD=<1%), respectively. Therefore, VAE is the best modern method for determination of propylparaben in cosmetics because it is simpler, faster with high percentage of recovery compared to other techniques.