Log in

Relevant bibliographies by topics / Cosmic-ray neutron / Journal articles

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Cosmic-ray neutron.

Journal articles on the topic 'Cosmic-ray neutron'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 19 July 2025

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Cosmic-ray neutron.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

1

Mishra, R. A., and R. K. Mishra. "Cosmic ray modulation at neutron monitor energies." Kosmìčna nauka ì tehnologìâ 14, no. 3 (2008): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/knit2008.03.019.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Dorman, L. I., and I. V. Dorman. "Cosmic-ray atmospheric electric field effects." Canadian Journal of Physics 73, no. 7-8 (1995): 440–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p95-063.

Full text

Abstract:

Experimental data on the atmospheric electric field effect in the cosmic-ray muon component are discussed on the basis of the general theory of cosmic-ray meteorological effects. In this framework, we develop the theory of atmospheric electric field effects in the hard- and soft-muons of secondary cosmic rays and in the neutron-monitor counting rates as well. We show that the experimental results can be understood on the basis of this theory. We also show that a sufficient atmospheric electric field effect in the cosmic-ray neutron component is to be expected because the neutron monitors work

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Rivera Villarreyes, C. A., G. Baroni, and S. E. Oswald. "Calibration approaches of cosmic-ray neutron sensing for soil moisture measurement in cropped fields." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 10, no. 4 (2013): 4237–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-10-4237-2013.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract. Measurement of soil moisture at the plot or hill-slope scale is an important link between local vadose-zone hydrology and catchment hydrology. This study evaluates the applicability of the cosmic-ray neutron sensing for soil moisture in cropped fields. Measurements of cosmic-ray neutrons (fast neutrons) were performed at a lowland farmland in Bornim (Brandenburg, Germany) cropped with sunflower and winter rye. Three field calibration approaches and four different ways of integration the soil moisture profile to an integral value for cosmic-ray neutron sensing were evaluated in this s

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Shinoki, Masataka. "Measurement of cosmogenic neutron production in SK-Gd." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2156, no. 1 (2021): 012187. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2156/1/012187.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract The Super-Kamiokande-Gd (SK-Gd) experiment has started after adding the gadolinium (Gd) into ultra-pure water in the SK detector. SK-Gd dramatically improves the sensitivity to supernova relic neutrino searches by tagging neutrons. Cosmic-ray muons penetrating into the SK detector induce hadronic showers. Such muon often break oxygen nuclei in water and produce unstable radioactive isotopes and neutrons, which are major background sources for supernova relic neutrino searches. On the other hand, the cosmogenic neutrons produced by muons can be used for the detector calibration source.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Escobar, G. J., L. J. Pellizza, and G. E. Romero. "Cosmic-ray production from neutron escape in microquasar jets." Astronomy & Astrophysics 650 (June 2021): A136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202039860.

Full text

Abstract:

Context. The origin of Galactic cosmic rays remains a matter of debate, but supernova remnants are commonly considered to be the main place where high-energy cosmic rays are accelerated. Nevertheless, current models predict cosmic-ray spectra that do not match observations and the efficiency of the acceleration mechanism is still undetermined. On the other hand, the contribution of other kinds of sources to the Galactic cosmic-ray population is still unclear, and merits investigation. Aims. In this work we explore a novel mechanism through which microquasars might produce cosmic rays. In this

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Shuttleworth, J., R. Rosolem, M. Zreda, and T. Franz. "The COsmic-ray Soil Moisture Interaction Code (COSMIC) for use in data assimilation." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 17, no. 8 (2013): 3205–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-3205-2013.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract. Soil moisture status in land surface models (LSMs) can be updated by assimilating cosmic-ray neutron intensity measured in air above the surface. This requires a fast and accurate model to calculate the neutron intensity from the profiles of soil moisture modeled by the LSM. The existing Monte Carlo N-Particle eXtended (MCNPX) model is sufficiently accurate but too slow to be practical in the context of data assimilation. Consequently an alternative and efficient model is needed which can be calibrated accurately to reproduce the calculations made by MCNPX and used to substitute for

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Köhli, Markus, Martin Schrön, Steffen Zacharias, and Ulrich Schmidt. "URANOS v1.0 – the Ultra Rapid Adaptable Neutron-Only Simulation for Environmental Research." Geoscientific Model Development 16, no. 2 (2023): 449–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-449-2023.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract. The understanding of neutron transport by Monte Carlo simulations led to major advancements towards precise interpretation of measurements. URANOS (Ultra Rapid Neutron-Only Simulation) is a free software package which has been developed in the last few years in cooperation with particle physics and environmental sciences, specifically for the purposes of cosmic-ray neutron sensing (CRNS). Its versatile user interface and input/output scheme tailored for CRNS applications offers hydrologists straightforward access to model individual scenarios and to directly perform advanced neutron

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Shuttleworth, J., R. Rosolem, M. Zreda, and T. Franz. "The COsmic-ray Soil Moisture Interaction Code (COSMIC) for use in data assimilation." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 10, no. 1 (2013): 1097–125. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-10-1097-2013.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract. Soil moisture status in land surface models (LSMs) can be updated by assimilating cosmic-ray neutron intensity measured in air above the surface. This requires a fast and accurate model to calculate the neutron intensity from the profiles of soil moisture modeled by the LSM. The existing Monte Carlo N-Particle eXtended (MCNPX) model is sufficiently accurate but too slow to be practical in the context of data assimilation. Consequently an alternative and efficient model is needed which can be calibrated accurately to reproduce the calculations made by MCNPX and used to substitute for

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Olinto, A. V. "Ultrahigh Energy Cosmic-ray Accelerators." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 195 (2000): 303–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900163053.

Full text

Abstract:

The surprising lack of a high energy cutoff in the cosmic ray spectrum at the highest energies, together with an apparently isotropic distribution of arrival directions, have strongly challenged most models proposed for the acceleration of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays. Young neutron star winds may be able to explain the mystery. We discuss this recent proposal after summarizing the observational challenge and plausible acceleration sites. Young neutrons star winds differ from alternative models in the predictions for composition, spectrum, and angular distribution, which will be tested in futu

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

D’Avino, Vittoria, Fabrizio Ambrosino, Roberto Bedogni, et al. "Characterization of Thermoluminescent Dosimeters for Neutron Dosimetry at High Altitudes." Sensors 22, no. 15 (2022): 5721. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22155721.

Full text

Abstract:

Neutrons constitute a significant component of the secondary cosmic rays and are one of the most important contributors to natural cosmic ray radiation background dose. The study of the cosmic ray neutrons’ contribution to the dose equivalent received by humans is an interesting and challenging task for the scientific community. In addition, international regulations demand assessing the biological risk due to radiation exposure for both workers and the general population. Because the dose rate due to cosmic radiation increases significantly with altitude, the objective of this work was to cha

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Ortiz, E., J. F. Valdés-Galicia, A. Hurtado, et al. "Neutron and gamma-ray fluxes measured by SciCRT prototype at the top of Sierra Negra volcano, Mexico." Revista Mexicana de Física 65, no. 5 Sept-Oct (2019): 545. http://dx.doi.org/10.31349/revmexfis.65.545.

Full text

Abstract:

The mini-SciCR is a cosmic ray detector, it is made of scintillator bars with a total volume of 20 x 20 x 20.8 $cm^{3}$. The array of scintillator bars act both as a target and as a tracker of the incident radiation. In this paper we describe the method developed with the help of a Monte Carlo simulation to distiguish the neutron signals from gamma ray signals, it is based on the different maximum energy deposited at a scintillator bar by neutrons and gamma rays. To distiguish the neutral emission signals (neutrons and gamma rays) from charged particles signals, we implemented via software a s

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Yanchukovsky, Valery, Marina Kalyuzhnaya, and Rashit Hisamov. "Intensity of the neutron component of cosmic rays and air humidity." Solar-Terrestrial Physics 10, no. 1 (2024): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/stp-101202405.

Full text

Abstract:

Neutron monitor data is currently corrected only for the barometric effect. We cannot, however, exclude that changes in air humidity affect the intensity of the cosmic-ray neutron component recorded by neutron monitors. In this regard, we have carried out continuous measurements of air humidity and temperature when observing variations in the cosmic ray intensity with a neutron monitor in Novosibirsk. Analysis of the results of observations of meteorological parameters and cosmic ray intensity in Novosibirsk, as well as data from the global network of neutron monitors, made it possible to iden

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Hidaka, Hiroshi, Shigekazu Yoneda, Kunihiko Nishiizumi, and Marc Caffee. "The Neutron Energy Spectra of Lunar Meteorites Evaluated from Sm and Er Isotopic Compositions." Astrophysical Journal 925, no. 2 (2022): 209. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac423a.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Cosmic-ray exposure records of 13 lunar meteorites, Dhofar 081, Dhofar 910, Dhofar 911, Northwest Africa (NWA) 482, NWA 2995, NWA 2996, NWA 3136, NWA 3163, NWA 4472, NWA 4734, NWA 4884, NWA 4932, and NWA 4936, were characterized from the abundances of spallogenic (10Be and 26Al) and neutron-captured (36Cl, 41Ca,150Sm, and 168Er) nuclides produced by cosmic-ray irradiation. Assuming a single-stage irradiation model for individual meteorites, 11 of the 13 meteorites had resided at shallow depths in the range of 55 to 330 g cm−2 from the lunar surface and experienced cosmic-ray irradiati

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Peterson, Amber M., Warren D. Helgason, and Andrew M. Ireson. "Estimating field-scale root zone soil moisture using the cosmic-ray neutron probe." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 20, no. 4 (2016): 1373–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-1373-2016.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract. Many practical hydrological, meteorological, and agricultural management problems require estimates of soil moisture with an areal footprint equivalent to field scale, integrated over the entire root zone. The cosmic-ray neutron probe is a promising instrument to provide field-scale areal coverage, but these observations are shallow and require depth-scaling in order to be considered representative of the entire root zone. A study to identify appropriate depth-scaling techniques was conducted at a grazing pasture site in central Saskatchewan, Canada over a 2-year period. Area-average

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Peterson, A. M., W. D. Helgason, and A. M. Ireson. "Estimating field scale root zone soil moisture using the cosmic-ray neutron probe." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 12, no. 12 (2015): 12789–826. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-12-12789-2015.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract. Many practical hydrological, meteorological and agricultural management problems require estimates of soil moisture with an areal footprint equivalent to "field scale", integrated over the entire root zone. The cosmic-ray neutron probe is a promising instrument to provide field scale areal coverage, but these observations are shallow and require depth scaling in order to be considered representative of the entire root zone. A study to identify appropriate depth-scaling techniques was conducted at a grazing pasture site in central Saskatchewan, Canada over a two year period. Area-aver

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Stowell, P., S. Fargher, L. F. Thompson, A. M. Brown, and P. M. Chadwick. "Gadolinium loaded Cherenkov detectors for neutron monitoring in high energy air showers." Journal of Instrumentation 17, no. 02 (2022): T02005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/17/02/t02005.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Monitoring of high energy cosmic ray neutrons is of particular interest for cosmic ray water Cherenkov detectors as intense bundles of delayed neutrons have been found to arrive after the initial passage of a high energy air shower. In this paper we explore the possibility of building large-area high-energy neutron monitors using gadolinium-loaded Water Cherenkov Detectors (WCDs). GEANT4 simulations of photon production in WCDs are used to estimate the maximum detection efficiency for a hypothetical system. Requiring a series of neutron induced gamma ray flashes distributed over an ex

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Goldhagen, Paul. "Cosmic-Ray Neutrons on the Ground and in the Atmosphere." MRS Bulletin 28, no. 2 (2003): 131–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2003.41.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractNeutrons from collisions of cosmic rays with the nuclei of atoms in the atmosphere are an irremovable external radiation that causes single-event upsets in microelectronic devices. Predicting soft error rates requires knowledge of the flux and energy distribution of the cosmic-ray-induced neutrons. This article reviews cosmic-ray neutrons in the atmosphere and on the ground, the factors that determine their intensity, and recent calculations and state-of-the-art measurements of neutron spectra covering 12 decades of energy, from the thermal energy range up to 10 GeV.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Park, Eun Ho, Jongil Jung, Suyeon Oh, and Paul Evenson. "Solar Cyclic Modulation of Diurnal Variation in Cosmic Ray Intensity." Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences 35, no. 4 (2018): 219–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5140/jass.2018.35.4.219.

Full text

Abstract:

Cosmic rays are ions that move at relativistic speeds. They generate secondary cosmic rays by successive collisions with atmospheric particles, and then, the secondary particles reach the ground. The secondary particles are mainly neutrons and muons, and the neutrons are observed by the ground neutron monitor. This study compared the diurnal variation in cosmic ray intensity obtained via harmonic analysis and that obtained through the pile-up method, which was examined in a previous study. In addition, we analyzed the maximum phase of the diurnal variation using four neutron monitors with a cu

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Yakum, P., S. Khamphakdee, W. Nuntiyakul, et al. "Analysis of neutron monitor count rates and timing distributions from latitude surveys." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2653, no. 1 (2023): 012019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2653/1/012019.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Neutron monitors continuously record the hadronic part of secondary atmospheric radiation on the ground, which originates from primary cosmic rays. In Thailand, we developed a mobile neutron monitor housed inside a standard-size shipping container named “Changvan.” It contains three neutron-sensitive proportional counters set up in the typical NM64 layout. However, the central counter doesn’t have the lead producer, leading us to refer to it as a “semi-leaded” neutron monitor. We examined cosmic ray spectral variations on two latitude surveys during 2018-2019 and 2019-2020. This work

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Gong, Yiwei, Zhiwen Wen, Peng Luo, et al. "Calibration and validation measurements of the Extended-range Bonner sphere spectrometer." Journal of Instrumentation 19, no. 06 (2024): P06010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/06/p06010.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract An Extended-range Bonner sphere spectrometer (EBSS) has been developed to investigate the neutron spectra of the China initiative Accelerator Driven System. This paper presents the design, calibration, and validation measurements of the EBSS system using a standard 241Am-Be neutron source and the cosmic ray neutrons. The EBSS system was simulated using the PHITS code, and the geometric structures were designed using the response functions obtained by simulations. The EBSS system comprises of seven polyethylene-only spheres and seven extended-range spheres encased in lead, copper, or t

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Nakamura, Takashi. "Cosmic-ray Neutron Spectrometry and Dosimetry." Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology 45, sup5 (2008): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00223131.2008.10875772.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Andreasen, Mie, Karsten H. Jensen, Marek Zreda, Darin Desilets, Heye Bogena, and Majken C. Looms. "Modeling cosmic ray neutron field measurements." Water Resources Research 52, no. 8 (2016): 6451–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015wr018236.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Yanchukovsky, Valery, Marina Kalyuzhnaya, and Rashit Hisamov. "Intensity of the neutron component of cosmic rays and air humidity." Solnechno-Zemnaya Fizika 10, no. 1 (2024): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/szf-101202405.

Full text

Abstract:

Neutron monitor data is currently corrected only for the barometric effect. We cannot, however, exclude that changes in air humidity affect the intensity of the cosmic-ray neutron component recorded by neutron monitors. In this regard, we have carried out continuous measurements of air humidity and temperature when observing variations in the cosmic ray intensity with a neutron monitor in Novosibirsk. Analysis of the results of observations of meteorological parameters and cosmic ray intensity in Novosibirsk, as well as data from the global network of neutron monitors, made it possible to iden

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

FLÜCKIGER, E. O., R. BÜTIKOFER, L. DESORGHER, et al. "THE GIANT FORBUSH DECREASE IN OCTOBER/NOVEMBER 2003: DATA ANALYSIS FOR THE SOLAR NEUTRON DETECTOR AT GORNERGRAT." International Journal of Modern Physics A 20, no. 29 (2005): 6684–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x05029800.

Full text

Abstract:

In connection with the X17.2 flare on October 28, 2003, a coronal mass ejection was emitted at a high speed directly towards the Earth and caused a dramatic Forbush decrease (Fd) in the count rates of the worldwide network of ground-based cosmic ray detectors. During the initial phase of this Fd the ratios of the two Gornergrat solar neutron telescope particle channels (charged + neutral) and neutral show a step-like increase lasting about three days. This phenomenon is investigated based on Monte Carlo simulations of the cosmic ray cascades in the Earth's atmosphere and of the interactions of

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Rosolem, R., W. J. Shuttleworth, M. Zreda, T. E. Franz, X. Zeng, and S. A. Kurc. "The Effect of Atmospheric Water Vapor on Neutron Count in the Cosmic-Ray Soil Moisture Observing System." Journal of Hydrometeorology 14, no. 5 (2013): 1659–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jhm-d-12-0120.1.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract The cosmic-ray method for measuring soil moisture, used in the Cosmic-Ray Soil Moisture Observing System (COSMOS), relies on the exceptional ability of hydrogen to moderate fast neutrons. Sources of hydrogen near the ground, other than soil moisture, affect the neutron measurement and therefore must be quantified. This study investigates the effect of atmospheric water vapor on the cosmic-ray probe signal and evaluates the fast neutron response in realistic atmospheric conditions using the neutron transport code Monte Carlo N-Particle eXtended (MCNPX). The vertical height of influence

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Rasche, Daniel, Markus Köhli, Martin Schrön, Theresa Blume, and Andreas Güntner. "Towards disentangling heterogeneous soil moisture patterns in cosmic-ray neutron sensor footprints." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 25, no. 12 (2021): 6547–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-6547-2021.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract. Cosmic-ray neutron sensing (CRNS) allows for non-invasive soil moisture estimations at the field scale. The derivation of soil moisture generally relies on secondary cosmic-ray neutrons in the epithermal to fast energy ranges. Most approaches and processing techniques for observed neutron intensities are based on the assumption of homogeneous site conditions or of soil moisture patterns with correlation lengths shorter than the measurement footprint of the neutron detector. However, in view of the non-linear relationship between neutron intensities and soil moisture, it is questionab

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

GOLDBERG, HAIM. "TEV ANTINEUTRINOS FROM CYGNUS OB2." International Journal of Modern Physics A 20, no. 06 (2005): 1132–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x05024006.

Full text

Abstract:

High energy cosmic ray experiments have identified an excess from the region of the Galactic Plane in a limited energy range around 1018 eV ( EeV ). This is very suggestive of neutrons as candidate primaries, because the directional signal requires relatively-stable neutral primaries, and time-dilated neutrons can reach Earth from typical Galactic distances when the neutron energy exceeds an EeV . We here point out that if the Galactic messengers are neutrons, then those with energies below an EeV will decay in flight, providing a flux of cosmic antineutrinos above a TeV which is observable at

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Zacharias, Steffen, and Martin Schrön. "From Space to Soil: Revealing Environmental Water with Cosmic-Ray Neutron Sensing." ARPHA Conference Abstracts 8 (May 28, 2025): e148049. https://doi.org/10.3897/aca.8.e148049.

Full text

Abstract:

The Cosmic-ray neutron sensing (CRNS) technique is a modern technological solution that facilitates continuous measurement of the average water content in the environment, including soil, snow, and vegetation. The sensor monitors an area of 10 to 15 hectares and soil depths up to 50 centimeters. This configuration enables the non-invasive and field-scale measurement of the soil water content or snow water equivalent that is insensitive to small-scale heterogeneities. The method has the potential to serve as an alternative to conventional in-situ sensors or costly soil or snow samples, while al

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Zhou, Weixin, Tongyuan Cui, Zhi Zhang, Yigang Yang, Han Yi, and Donghui Hou. "Measurement of wide energy range neutrons with a CLYC(Ce) scintillator." Journal of Instrumentation 18, no. 02 (2023): P02014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/18/02/p02014.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract The CLYC(Ce) (Cs2LiYCl6:Ce3+) scintillator can identify different particles with various specific energy losses and is capable of measuring the fast neutron energy via the 35Cl(n,p)35S reaction. Thus, it is rational to expect using this detector for monitoring the on-site neutron dose rate for astronauts or equipments working at a spacecraft, which may undergo the irradiation of cosmic rays of energetic protons or alpha particles that could induce the production of spallation neutrons. However, as the spallation neutrons, as well as the moderated neutrons, have an energy distribution

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Yang, F., X. H. Ma, H. K. Chen, et al. "Correlation between thermal neutrons and soil moisture measured by ENDA." Journal of Instrumentation 18, no. 05 (2023): P05020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/18/05/p05020.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Hadrons are the “skeleton” of extensive air shower (EAS). They possess favorable information concerning composition and energy of cosmic ray. Thermal neutrons generated by the EAS hadrons in the ground as well as charged particles in EAS front plane can be detected by Electron-Neutron detector (EN-detector). A prototype of EN-Detector Array (ENDA), ENDA-16 was built at Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) to test its performance of detection of cosmic ray composition and energy spectrum. It has been proved in former work that there is a decrease of thermal neutrons dete

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Agarwal, R., and R. Mishra. "Galactic Cosmic Ray Modulation Up to Recent Solar Cycles." Latvian Journal of Physics and Technical Sciences 48, no. 4 (2011): 66–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10047-011-0029-2.

Full text

Abstract:

Galactic Cosmic Ray Modulation Up to Recent Solar Cycles Cosmic ray neutron monitor counts obtained by different ground-based detectors have been used to study the galactic cosmic ray modulation during the last four solar activity cycles. Since long, systematic correlative studies have been per-formed to establish a significant relationship between the cosmic ray intensity and different helio-spheric activity parameters, and the study is extended to a recent solar cycle (23). In the present work, the yearly average of 10.7 cm solar radio flux and the interplanetary magnetic field strength (IMF

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Caravaca, J. "SNO: Recent new results." International Journal of Modern Physics A 35, no. 34n35 (2020): 2044012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x20440121.

Full text

Abstract:

The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO), whose main purpose was to study the neutrinos produced in the Sun, demonstrated that neutrinos can change flavor and, thus, they are massive particles. SNO detected and recorded neutrino and cosmic ray interactions from 1999 to 2006 and several analyses have been completed in the past year using legacy data. We present the results of the most recent ones: the measurements of neutron production in atmospheric neutrino interactions and neutron production by cosmic muons, a search for Lorentz symmetry violation in neutrino oscillations and a search for neut

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Starodubtsev, Sergei. "Shape of spectrum of galactic cosmic ray intensity fluctuations." Solar-Terrestrial Physics 8, no. 2 (2022): 71–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/stp-82202211.

Full text

Abstract:

The impact of solar wind plasma on fluxes of galactic cosmic rays (CR) penetrating from the outside into the heliosphere with energies above ~1 GeV leads to temporal variations in the CR intensity in a wide frequency range. Cosmic rays being charged particles, their modulation occurs mainly under impacts of the interplanetary magnetic field. It is well known that the observed spectrum of interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) fluctuations in a wide frequency range ν from ~10–7 to ~10 Hz has a pronounced falling character and consists of three sections: energy, inertial, and dissipative. Eac

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Duldig, Marc. "Antarctic Cosmic Ray Astronomy." Highlights of Astronomy 13 (2005): 947–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1539299600017718.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractCosmic ray observations related to Antarctica commenced in the austral summer of 1947-48 from sub-Antarctic Heard and Macquarie Islands and from the HMAS Wyatt Earp. Muon telescope observations from Mawson station, Antarctica, followed from 1955. The International Geophysical Year was the impetus for the installation of a number of neutron monitors around Antarctica, observing the lowest energy cosmic rays accessible by ground based instruments. In 1971 a new observatory was built at Mawson including the only underground muon telescope system at polar latitudes in either hemisphere. Ov

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Kobelev, Pavel, Yuldash Hamraev, and Viktor Yanke. "Analysis of meteorological effects of cosmic ray neutron component based on data from mid-latitude stations." Solar-Terrestrial Physics 10, no. 4 (2024): 99–105. https://doi.org/10.12737/stp-104202411.

Full text

Abstract:

Precision neutron monitors providing continuous monitoring with a statistical accuracy of ~0.15 %/hr are effective for studying cosmic ray variations; therefore, contributions from other error sources should not exceed the contribution of this statistical error. Such possible sources primarily include changes in atmospheric pressure and humidity. The aim of the work is to estimate the barometric effect of the neutron component of cosmic rays for the low-latitude stations Tashkent and Alma-Ata (mountain), including periods of maximum solar activity. The technique developed on the basis of multi

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Mishra, Rajesh, Rekha Agarwal, and Sharad Tiwari. "Solar Cycle Variation of Cosmic ray Intensity along with Interplanetary and Solar Wind Plasma Parameters." Latvian Journal of Physics and Technical Sciences 45, no. 3 (2008): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10047-008-0013-7.

Full text

Abstract:

Solar Cycle Variation of Cosmic ray Intensity along with Interplanetary and Solar Wind Plasma ParametersGalactic cosmic rays are modulated at their propagation in the heliosphere by the effect of the large-scale structure of the interplanetary medium. A comparison of the variations in the cosmic ray intensity data obtained by neutron monitoring stations with those in geomagnetic disturbance, solar wind velocity (V), interplanetary magnetic field (B), and their product (V' B) near the Earth for the period 1964-2004 has been presented so as to establish a possible correlation between them. We us

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Andreasen, Mie, Karsten H. Jensen, Darin Desilets, Marek Zreda, Heye R. Bogena, and Majken C. Looms. "Cosmic-ray neutron transport at a forest field site: the sensitivity to various environmental conditions with focus on biomass and canopy interception." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 21, no. 4 (2017): 1875–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-1875-2017.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract. Cosmic-ray neutron intensity is inversely correlated to all hydrogen present in the upper decimeters of the subsurface and the first few hectometers of the atmosphere above the ground surface. This correlation forms the base of the cosmic-ray neutron soil moisture estimation method. The method is, however, complicated by the fact that several hydrogen pools other than soil moisture affect the neutron intensity. In order to improve the cosmic-ray neutron soil moisture estimation method and explore the potential for additional applications, knowledge about the environmental effect on c

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Harrison, R. Giles, and David B. Stephenson. "Empirical evidence for a nonlinear effect of galactic cosmic rays on clouds." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 462, no. 2068 (2006): 1221–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2005.1628.

Full text

Abstract:

Galactic cosmic ray (GCR) changes have been suggested to affect weather and climate, and new evidence is presented here directly linking GCRs with clouds. Clouds increase the diffuse solar radiation, measured continuously at UK surface meteorological sites since 1947. The ratio of diffuse to total solar radiation—the diffuse fraction (DF)—is used to infer cloud, and is compared with the daily mean neutron count rate measured at Climax, Colorado from 1951–2000, which provides a globally representative indicator of cosmic rays. Across the UK, on days of high cosmic ray flux (above 3600×10 2 neut

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Han, X., H. J. H. Franssen, R. Rosolem, R. Jin, X. Li, and H. Vereecken. "Correction of systematic model forcing bias of CLM using assimilation of cosmic-ray Neutrons and land surface temperature: a study in the Heihe Catchment, China." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 19, no. 1 (2015): 615–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-615-2015.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract. The recent development of the non-invasive cosmic-ray soil moisture sensing technique fills the gap between point-scale soil moisture measurements and regional-scale soil moisture measurements by remote sensing. A cosmic-ray probe measures soil moisture for a footprint with a diameter of ~ 600 m (at sea level) and with an effective measurement depth between 12 and 76 cm, depending on the soil humidity. In this study, it was tested whether neutron counts also allow correcting for a systematic error in the model forcings. A lack of water management data often causes systematic input er

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Han, X., H. J. Hendricks Franssen, R. Rosolem, R. Jin, X. Li, and H. Vereecken. "Correction of systematic model forcing bias of CLM using assimilation of cosmic-ray neutrons and land surface temperature: a study in the Heihe catchment, China." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 11, no. 7 (2014): 9027–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-11-9027-2014.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract. The recent development of the non-invasive cosmic-ray soil moisture sensing technique fills the gap between point scale soil moisture measurements and regional scale soil moisture measurements by remote sensing. A cosmic-ray probe measures soil moisture for a footprint with a diameter of ~600 m (at sea level) and with an effective measurement depth between 12 and 76 cm, depending on the soil humidity. In this study, it was tested whether neutron counts also allow to correct for a systematic error in the model forcings. Lack of water management data often cause systematic input errors

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Ruderman, M. "Neutron Star Powered Accelerators." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 195 (2000): 463–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900163508.

Full text

Abstract:

Neutron stars can be the underlying source of energetic particle acceleration in several ways. The huge gravitational-collapse energy released in their birth, or the violent fusion at the end of the life of a neutron-star binary, is the energy source for an accelerator in the surrounding medium far from the star. This would be the case for: (a) cosmic rays from supernova explosions with neutron-star remnants; (b) energetic radiation from “plerions” around young neutron stars (e.g., the Crab Nebula, see Pacini 2000); and (c) “afterglow” and γ-rays of cosmic Gamma-Ray Burst (GRB) sources with po

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Rosolem, R., T. Hoar, A. Arellano, et al. "Translating aboveground cosmic-ray neutron intensity to high-frequency soil moisture profiles at sub-kilometer scale." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 18, no. 11 (2014): 4363–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-4363-2014.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract. Above-ground cosmic-ray neutron measurements provide an opportunity to infer soil moisture at the sub-kilometer scale. Initial efforts to assimilate those measurements have shown promise. This study expands such analysis by investigating (1) how the information from aboveground cosmic-ray neutrons can constrain the soil moisture at distinct depths simulated by a land surface model, and (2) how changes in data availability (in terms of retrieval frequency) impact the dynamics of simulated soil moisture profiles. We employ ensemble data assimilation techniques in a "nearly-identical tw

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Rivera Villarreyes, C. A., G. Baroni, and S. E. Oswald. "Integral quantification of seasonal soil moisture changes in farmland by cosmic-ray neutrons." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 15, no. 12 (2011): 3843–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-15-3843-2011.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract. Soil moisture at the plot or hill-slope scale is an important link between local vadose zone hydrology and catchment hydrology. However, so far only a few methods are on the way to close this gap between point measurements and remote sensing. One new measurement methodology that could determine integral soil moisture at this scale is the aboveground sensing of cosmic-ray neutrons, more precisely of ground albedo neutrons. The present study performed ground albedo neutron sensing (GANS) at an agricultural field in northern Germany. To test the method it was accompanied by other soil m

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Jeong, Jaesik, and Suyeon Oh. "Seasonal Variation of Cosmic Ray Intensity Observed by the Oulu Neutron Monitor." Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences 37, no. 3 (2020): 165–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5140/jass.2020.37.3.165.

Full text

Abstract:

Muons and neutrons are representative secondary particles that are generated by interactions between primary cosmic ray particles (mostly protons) and the nuclei of atmospheric gas compounds. Previous studies reported that muons experience seasonal variations because of the meteorological effects of temperature. The intensity of neutrons has a typical modulation with various periods and reasons, such as diurnal and solar variation or transient events. This paper reports that cosmic ray particles, which were observed by neutron monitors, have seasonal variations using the daily data at the Oulu

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Hall, D. L., M. L. Duldig, and J. E. Humble. "The North–South Anisotropy and the Radial Density Gradient of Galactic Cosmic Rays at 1 AU." Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia 12, no. 2 (1995): 153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1323358000020191.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractThe radial density gradient (Gr) of Galactic cosmic rays in the ecliptic plane points outward from the Sun. This indicates an increasing density of cosmic ray particles beyond the Earth’s orbit. Due to this gradient and the direction of the Sun’s interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) above and below the IMF wavy neutral sheet, there exists an anisotropic flow of cosmic ray particles approximately perpendicular to the ecliptic plane (i.e. in the direction parallel to BIMF × Gr). This effect is called the north–south anisotropy (ξNS) and manifests as a diurnal variation in sidereal time in

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Янчуковский, Валерий, Valery Yanchukovsky, Владислав Григорьев, et al. "Receiving vectors of muon telescope of cosmic ray station Novosibirsk." Solar-Terrestrial Physics 2, no. 1 (2016): 103–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/19883.

Full text

Abstract:

The method of receiving vectors allows us to determine cosmic ray anisotropy at every moment of time. Also, the method makes it possible to study fast anisotropy fluctuations related to the interplanetary medium dynamics. Receiving vectors have been calculated earlier for neutron monitors and muon telescopes. However, most muon telescopes of the network of cosmic ray stations for which calculations were made does not operate now. In recent years, new, improved detectors have been developed. Unfortunately, the use of them is limited because of the absence of receiving coefficients. These detect

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Loach, J. C. "Neutron Production by Cosmic Ray Muons at the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory." Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements 229-232 (August 2012): 556. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2012.09.193.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Chen, W. L., S. H. Jiang, and R. J. Sheu. "Cosmic-ray neutron simulations and measurements in Taiwan." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 161, no. 1-4 (2014): 303–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncu030.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Tommasino, L., R. K. Jain, D. O'Sullivan, et al. "Cosmic-ray neutron spectrometry by solid state detectors." Radiation Measurements 36, no. 1-6 (2003): 307–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1350-4487(03)00141-0.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Duldig, M. L. "Australian Cosmic Ray Modulation Research." Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia 18, no. 1 (2001): 12–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/as01003.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractAustralian research into variations of the cosmic ray flux arriving at the Earth has played a pivotal role for more than 50 years. The work has been largely led by the groups from the University of Tasmania and the Australian Antarctic Division, and has involved the operation of neutron monitors and muon telescopes from many sites. In this paper, the achievements of the Australian researchers are reviewed and future experiments are described. Particular highlights include: the determination of cosmic ray modulation parameters; the development of techniques for modelling ground-level en

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!