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1

Kloock, Josef, and Ulf Schiller. "Marginal costing: cost budgeting and cost variance analysis." Management Accounting Research 8, no. 3 (1997): 299–323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/mare.1996.0048.

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2

Adi Wibowo, Seto Sulaksono, Dwi Amelia Putri, and Yosi Handayani. "Cost Budget Variance." JURNAL AKUNTANSI, EKONOMI dan MANAJEMEN BISNIS 9, no. 1 (2021): 60–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.30871/jaemb.v9i1.3154.

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The research was conducted at the Scanner Engineering Department of PT Epson Batam. The topic is written about budget management for repair and maintenance (die & mold) costs with the aim of knowing how to minimize the variance between budgeted costs and their realization. Data collection methods used in this study were interviews, observation, and documentation, and descriptive and quantitative methods were used for data analysis. The existing budgeting system in the Scanner Engineering Department has been carried out correctly and effectively met the objectives, but overall during the 20
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DARROUGH, MASAKO N. "Variance analysis: A unifying cost function approach." Contemporary Accounting Research 5, no. 1 (1988): 199–221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1911-3846.1988.tb00702.x.

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4

Greenberg, Penelope Sue. "MODELING TIME-DEPENDENT PROCESSES FOR COST VARIANCE ANALYSIS." Journal of Business Finance & Accounting 13, no. 3 (1986): 311–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5957.1986.tb00500.x.

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5

Voss, Gemma B. W., Pascal G. P. Limpens, Lou J. H. Brans-Brabant, and André van Ooij. "Cost-variance analysis by DRGs; a technique for clinical budget analysis." Health Policy 39, no. 2 (1997): 153–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-8510(96)00868-8.

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Banerjee, Bimalendu. "Labour Cost Variance Analysis Through Diagrams - Integration to MIS." Management Accountant Journal 54, no. 6 (2019): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.33516/maj.v54i6.61-66p.

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7

de Korvin, Andre, Jerry Strawser, and Philip H. Siegel. "An Application of Control System To Cost Variance Analysis." Managerial Finance 21, no. 3 (1995): 17–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb018504.

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8

Beckerman, Daniel, Melissa Esparza, Sun Ik Lee, et al. "Cost Analysis of Single-Level Lumbar Fusions." Global Spine Journal 10, no. 1 (2019): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2192568219853251.

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Study Design: Cost analysis of a retrospectively identified cohort of patients who had undergone primary single-level lumbar fusion at a single institution’s orthopedic or neurosurgery department. Objective: The purpose of this article is to analyze the determinants of direct costs for single-level lumbar fusions and identify potential areas for cost reduction. Methods: Adult patients who underwent primary single-level lumbar fusion from fiscal years 2008 to 2012 were identified via administrative and departmental databases and were eligible for inclusion. Patients were excluded if they underw
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9

Wilke, Thomas J. "The Project Cost Variance Analysis Model: A Project Management Tool." Journal of Cost Analysis & Management 7, no. 1 (2005): 13–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15411656.2005.10462251.

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10

WU, J., J. LI, S. WANG, and T. CHENG. "Mean–variance analysis of the newsvendor model with stockout cost☆." Omega 37, no. 3 (2009): 724–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.omega.2008.02.005.

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M. Andawei, Mee-Edoiye. "Project cost monitoring and control: A case of cost/time variance and earned value analysis." IOSR Journal of Engineering 4, no. 2 (2014): 22–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/3021-04212225.

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12

Vieth, Gary R., and Pramote Suppapanya. "An Evaluation of Selected Decision Models: A Case of Crop Choice in Northern Thailand." Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 28, no. 2 (1996): 381–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1074070800007380.

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AbstractThis research examines the predictability of a profit maximization model, an expected value-variance utility maximization (E-V) model, and two versions of the target-MOTAD model for modeling risky agricultural production decisions. Model solutions were translated into expected value and variance of farm income for analysis. Direct comparison and chi-square analysis of actual and predicted expected income distributions were used in the analyses. It was concluded that the utility maximization and cash-cost target-MOTAD models predicted distributions of farm income better than the variabl
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Lee, Hee Sook. "A Case Study on Standard Costing, Cost Variance and Profitability Analysis." Korea Business Review 22, no. 1 (2018): 67–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.17287/kbr.2018.22.1.67.

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14

Revaldería, J. González, J. J. Villafruela, J. Sabater, S. Lamas, and J. Ortuño. "Variance analysis by use of a low cost desk top calculator." Computers in Biology and Medicine 16, no. 4 (1986): 311–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0010-4825(86)90015-6.

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15

Ashif, Izzatul, Qimyatus Sa’adah, and Halleina Rejeki Putri Hartono. "Analisis Penerapan Biaya Standar terhadap Pengendalian Biaya Produksi pada PG Poerwodadie." JAMER : Jurnal Akuntansi Merdeka 1, no. 1 (2020): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.33319/jamer.v1i1.22.

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Abstract— Competition in the business world requires companies to be able to manage their production cost effectively and efficiently. One of the method that can be use to controlling production cost is a standard cost. This research aims to analyze the implementation of standard cost on controlling of production cost at PG Poerwodadie. The data collection technique are used by interview, documentation, and data triangulation. Data analysis in this research is done by setting the standard cost and analyzing using the two-way model variance. The results of the research indicate that between the
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Tiriplica, Petre Gheorghe, Cristian Doicin, Cristian Tarba, Ionut Gabriel Ghionea, and Florian Draganescu. "Analysis of the Product Cost and Price Variation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 760 (May 2015): 677–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.760.677.

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The paper presents a method for analysing the variance of manufacturing cost and price components using a scenario method. The analysis model is based on the usual relations for calculus of the total manufacturing cost and final price of the product, by integrating relationships that take into account complex dependencies between different components of a product cost and selling price.
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Firdasari, Firdasari. "KAJIAN PERENCANAAN APLIKASI ANALISIS VARIANS DAN KONSEP NILAI HASIL MENGGUNAKAN MICROSOFT ACCESS DALAM PENGENDALIAN PROYEK KONSTRUKSI." Jurnal Teknik Sipil Unaya 3, no. 2 (2019): 39–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.30601/jtsu.v3i2.25.

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Techniques and methods of cost control and project schedule that quickly reveals the deviation is by using analysis of variance and earned value concept. Using the applications such as Microsoft Access program to support the control techniques is required. But how to apply Microsoft Access in the control of construction projects with the calculation method of analysis of variance and earned value concept, so as to provide information on the implementation of the project quickly and accurately. The purpose of this study was to plan a construction project control method by using analysis of vari
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18

Li, Wei, Nianbo Dong, and Rebecca A. Maynard. "Power Analysis for Two-Level Multisite Randomized Cost-Effectiveness Trials." Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics 45, no. 6 (2020): 690–718. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/1076998620911916.

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Cost-effectiveness analysis is a widely used educational evaluation tool. The randomized controlled trials that aim to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of the treatment are commonly referred to as randomized cost-effectiveness trials (RCETs). This study provides methods of power analysis for two-level multisite RCETs. Power computations take account of sample sizes, the effect size, covariates effects, nesting effects for both cost and effectiveness measures, the ratio of the total variance of the cost measure to the total variance of effectiveness measure, and correlations between cost and eff
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Kim, Du Y., Seung H. Han, and Hyoungkwan Kim. "Discriminant Analysis for Predicting Ranges of Cost Variance in International Construction Projects." Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 134, no. 6 (2008): 398–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9364(2008)134:6(398).

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20

Kalamkar, Prachi, Ariel Sandhu, Daniel Jung Lee, et al. "Cost variance analysis in treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 36, no. 15_suppl (2018): e18929-e18929. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2018.36.15_suppl.e18929.

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21

Sipi, Agustina, Elfreda Aplonia Lau, and Rina Masithoh Haryadi. "ANALISIS PERUBAHAN LABA KOTOR PADA UD SOFY DI SAMARINDA." Research Journal of Accounting and Business Management 3, no. 1 (2019): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.31293/rjabm.v3i1.4222.

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This study aims to analyze diverse of gross profit in UD Sofy Samarinda from the results of cement tonasa sales in 2016 compared to 2015. In addition, this study aims to investigate the factors that cause change in gross profit from the sales aspect as well as from the aspect of cost of goods soldThe theory used in this study is management accounting theory, especially about gross profit, sales, cost of goods sold, with the first hypothesis that the increase in sales and increase in cost of goods sold causes an increase in gross profit. The second hypothesis of this study is the factors that c
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Tantet, Alexis, and Philippe Drobinski. "A Minimal System Cost Minimization Model for Variable Renewable Energy Integration: Application to France and Comparison to Mean-Variance Analysis." Energies 14, no. 16 (2021): 5143. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14165143.

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The viability of Variable Renewable Energy (VRE)-investment strategies depends on the response of dispatchable producers to satisfy the net load. We lack a simple research tool with sufficient complexity to represent major phenomena associated with the response of dispatchable producers to the integration of high shares of VRE and their impact on system costs. We develop a minimization of the system cost allowing one to quantify and decompose the system value of VRE depending on an aggregate dispatchable production. Defining the variable cost of the dispatchable generation as quadratic with a
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23

Nenni. "MEASURING DRIVERS’ EFFECT IN A COST MODEL BY MEANS OF ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE." American Journal of Applied Sciences 10, no. 12 (2013): 1570–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3844/ajassp.2013.1570.1574.

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24

Silvester, Katherine J. "Faith’s Country Primitives: An Excel Project In Flexible Budgeting And Standard Cost Analysis." Journal of Business Case Studies (JBCS) 13, no. 3 (2017): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jbcs.v13i3.9991.

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Cost accounting textbooks typically contain extensive technical coverage of standard costing and variance analysis in a manufacturing context. Covering the material adequately usually requires multiple class lectures, due to the complexity of the material. The calculations involved are detailed, multi-step, and can be numerically intensive. In order to make the material accessible to the learner, most textbook problems focus on the individual steps inherent in the budgeting, calculation, analysis, and interpretation process of standard costing and variance analysis. This simplification makes i
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Silvester, Katherine J. "Faith’s Country Primitives: An Excel Project In Flexible Budgeting And Standard Cost Analysis." Journal of Business Case Studies (JBCS) 13, no. 4 (2017): 85–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jbcs.v13i4.10030.

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Cost accounting textbooks typically contain extensive technical coverage of standard costing and variance analysis in a manufacturing context. Covering the material adequately usually requires multiple class lectures, due to the complexity of the material. The calculations involved are detailed, multi-step, and can be numerically intensive. In order to make the material accessible to the learner, most textbook problems focus on the individual steps inherent in the budgeting, calculation, analysis, and interpretation process of standard costing and variance analysis. This simplification makes i
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26

Swain, Monte, Shannon Charles, Scott Hobson, Kevin Stocks, and Cameron Pratt. "Managing the CPA Firm at Dodge Company: “Shoeing the Cobbler’s Children”." Issues in Accounting Education 25, no. 4 (2010): 721–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/iace.2010.25.4.721.

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ABSTRACT: This teaching case, based on the activities of an actual local CPA firm, explores the application of management accounting principles to the management of a CPA firm. Management principles explored include: basic cost accounting; managerial discretion when classifying variable versus fixed costs, and direct versus indirect costs; the use of regression analysis to further explore classification of variable versus fixed costs; and cost-volume-profit analysis. In this case, students have the opportunity to explore the use of management accounting concepts and tools in a service industry
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27

Hasanah, Nurul. "Evaluasi Kinerja Keungan Dengan Menggunakan Strategic Variance Analysis." JURNAL ILMU MANAJEMEN DAN BISNIS 11, no. 1 (2020): 11–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/jimb.v11i1.21581.

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AbstractThis study aims to evaluate the financial performance of Satuan Pendidikan Kerjasama X, a privately-owned Education Operation Unit in Jakarta. The growing amount of SPK schools in Jakarta demands a good competitive strategy with regards to cost leadership and product differentiation to better position the school in the market. The problem in this study is the absence of an evaluation method to assess the effectiveness of the implemented strategy and this research attempts to use Strategic Variance Analysis (SVA) to evaluate the change in the school’s operating income between the period
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28

Ding, Peng. "Two seemingly paradoxical results in linear models: the variance inflation factor and the analysis of covariance." Journal of Causal Inference 9, no. 1 (2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jci-2019-0023.

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Abstract A result from a standard linear model course is that the variance of the ordinary least squares (OLS) coefficient of a variable will never decrease when including additional covariates into the regression. The variance inflation factor (VIF) measures the increase of the variance. Another result from a standard linear model or experimental design course is that including additional covariates in a linear model of the outcome on the treatment indicator will never increase the variance of the OLS coefficient of the treatment at least asymptotically. This technique is called the analysis
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Yahya-Zadeh, Massood. "A Linear Programming Framework for Flexible Budgeting and Its Application to Classroom Teaching." Issues in Accounting Education 17, no. 1 (2002): 69–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/iace.2002.17.1.69.

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Accounting educators and practitioners are well aware of the importance of increased competencies in analytical areas. In response to this need, authors of management accounting textbooks typically offer brief introductions to linear programming (LP), regression analysis, and decision theory. Most textbooks introduce LP in the context of optimal product-mix decisions. However, it is possible to incorporate LP into the discussion of other accounting topics, such as product costing and pricing, and financial and operational budgeting. (For a pioneering article on the subject of integrating activ
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Eliufoo, Harriet. "Preliminary Estimates of Building Cost and the Lowest Evaluated Tender." Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology 30, no. 1 (2007): 36–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.52339/tjet.v30i1.395.

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The paper has investigated and established to what extent are preliminary estimates of building costs close to the lowestevaluated tender and how geographical proximity influences the variance between preliminary estimate and the lowestevaluated tender.A multiple case study constituting 43 building projects in Tanzania were statistically analysed covering a period from1995- 1999. Findings reveal a significant variance exists between the quantity surveyor’s preliminary estimate figureand the lowest evaluated tender; and that the variance between the quantity surveyor’s figure and the bidder is
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Wang, Wen Xiu, En Jian He, and Yan Fei Zhao. "Earned Value Analysis Application in Project Management." Advanced Materials Research 971-973 (June 2014): 2494–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.971-973.2494.

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The focus of earned value management is the deviation ( schedule variance and cost deviation ) to determine the project, by determining the deviation monitor project status . Discussion earned value analysis methods use a combination of project management . Earned Value Analysis method as an effective project monitoring tools, you can maximize avoid state ( time and cost ) project-specific business and technical implementation of the project 's content and confused together, intuitively given project status information.
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Cao, Li Ying, He Long Yu, Li Ma, Gui Fen Chen, and Ting Ting Yang. "Application of Variance Analysis Method in Agriculture Information in Statistics." Applied Mechanics and Materials 651-653 (September 2014): 2130–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.651-653.2130.

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Variance analysis is a method commonly used in biological statistics. How to use the statistical analysis software for the analysis of variance to achieve the results of the rapid and scientific treatment, to obtain the correct conclusion, is an important part of agricultural research. This paper introduces how to use SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Science or Statistic Products andService Solution) data analysis tool for the variance analysis method; the data analysis and processing of fast, accurate and intuitive; compared with Excel, the statistical analysis function of SPSS is mor
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Gholizadeh, Pouya, and Behzad Esmaeili. "Cost of Occupational Incidents for Electrical Contractors: Comparison Using Robust-Factorial Analysis of Variance." Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 146, no. 7 (2020): 04020073. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)co.1943-7862.0001861.

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34

Marzban, Caren, Scott Sandgathe, James D. Doyle, and Nicholas C. Lederer. "Variance-Based Sensitivity Analysis: Preliminary Results in COAMPS." Monthly Weather Review 142, no. 5 (2014): 2028–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-13-00195.1.

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Abstract Numerical weather prediction models have a number of parameters whose values are either estimated from empirical data or theoretical calculations. These values are usually then optimized according to some criterion (e.g., minimizing a cost function) in order to obtain superior prediction. To that end, it is useful to know which parameters have an effect on a given forecast quantity, and which do not. Here the authors demonstrate a variance-based sensitivity analysis involving 11 parameters in the Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPS). Several forecast quantitie
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35

Brecht, M. L., J. Arthur Woodward, and Jodi Gistenson. "Comparison of Three Statistical Computer Programs in Teaching Analysis of Variance." Journal of Educational Technology Systems 13, no. 4 (1985): 237–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/jldj-0lpc-7lfd-j00x.

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Subjects analyzed data from typical ANOVA designs using three different computer programs. Several measures of cost, completion, and ease of program use were recorded and compared in a repeated measures Latin square design. Within time constraints and support that simulate an instructional setting, subjects could not answer the research questions using two traditional computer packages, but subjects completed all analyses using an interactive personal computer program designed to minimize computer-related difficulties. Such results can be useful in guiding design of instructional strategies an
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36

Anih, Paul C., and Sunday Usenemana. "Determinants of Variance in Cost Method of Valuation in Uyo, Nigeria." Real Estate Management and Valuation 29, no. 3 (2021): 77–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/remav-2021-0023.

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Abstract Variance in the cost method of valuation as caused by certain variables is objectionable in the profession of estate surveying and valuation at both local and international best practices. The study aimed at determining the variables for the variance in the application of the cost method of valuation for estate surveying and valuation practice in Uyo. The sample of the population used for the research comprised 110 estate surveyors in Uyo. The survey method was used for the research. The sampling technique was purposive sampling. The data were analyzed using standard deviation and ana
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37

Anderson, Shannon W., and Henri C. Dekker. "Strategic Cost Management in Supply Chains, Part 1: Structural Cost Management." Accounting Horizons 23, no. 2 (2009): 201–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/acch.2009.23.2.201.

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SYNOPSIS: Strategic cost management is the deliberate alignment of a firm’s resources and associated cost structure with long-term strategy and short-term tactics. Although managers continue to pursue efficiency and effectiveness within the firm, increasingly improvements are obtained across the value chain: through reconfiguring firm boundaries, relocating resources, reengineering processes, and re-evaluating product and service offerings in relation to customer requirements. In this first paper in a two-part series on strategic cost management in supply chains, we review structural cost mana
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Yanti, Elfrida. "Analysis the Appropriate using Standard Costing Applying in Land Cost Component of Real Estate Development Activities: A Case Study of PT Subur Agung." Binus Business Review 2, no. 1 (2011): 408. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/bbr.v2i1.1147.

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Standard cost is generally used by manufacturing business, which direct material, labor, and factory overhead are cleared allocated. On real estate business in this case PT Subur Agung use standard cost based on three costs, raw land, land improvement and interest expense categories instead of direct material, direct labor and overhead. Developer use these cost to predict the project cost and estimate the pre-selling price, in accordance with the cost estimation classification matrix, the variance range is in the expected accuracy rate by testing the variance percentage between standard cost a
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Balakrishnan, Ramji, and Geoffrey B. Sprinkle. "Integrating Profit Variance Analysis and Capacity Costing to Provide Better Managerial Information." Issues in Accounting Education 17, no. 2 (2002): 149–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/iace.2002.17.2.149.

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We present a framework for integrating profit variance analysis and capacity costing to provide better managerial information. The framework expands traditional variance analysis to incorporate planned and unplanned changes in inventory levels and the use of practical capacity to determine overhead rates. The framework has practical value because effective cost management and performance evaluation require ascertaining the costs (effects on profit) associated with capacity and the manner in which it is being used. Pedagogical value stems from connecting concepts underlying the choice of a deno
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Cao, Dong, Kun Yu Niu, and Fang Yu. "Economic Analysis on Pollution Control for Textile Industry." Advanced Materials Research 332-334 (September 2011): 1087–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.332-334.1087.

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Since the present researches on pollution control for textile printing & dyeing industry are mainly focused on qualitative description up to now, instead of special quantitative analysis, based on the census data of pollution sources, this paper adopts literature collection method and single-factor variance components method for continuous variables to identify the factors influencing cost for pollution control, and then establishes a function of investment and operation cost for textile printing & dyeing industry by MLE (maximum likelihood estimation) method on the basis of normal dis
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Adinata, Surya, and Akbar Alfa. "PENERAPAN METODE KONSEP NILAI HASIL (EARNED VALUE CONCEPT) PADA PROYEK PENINGKATAN JALAN ASPAL DI LOKASI F4 (SUNGAI SIRIH)." Selodang Mayang: Jurnal Ilmiah Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir 6, no. 2 (2020): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.47521/selodangmayang.v6i2.171.

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The cost control is a very important aspect in project management. Poor cost control often results in project construction costs that differ from planned costs.
 The applying of the Earned Value Concept method for analytical calculations requires the following data: Implementation time along with the S curve; Volume data of each work item; Percentage of work weighted; Standard daily reports, weekly reports, and monthly project reports; Actual project financial data and SPI. The stage of data analysis for each job are: determining of BCWS (Budgete Cost Of Work Schedule); BCWP (Budgeted Cos
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42

Hampl, Filip. "A statistical analysis of the financial performance of organic and conventional farms in the Czech Republic with respect to their size." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 66, No. 1 (2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/78/2019-agricecon.

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Organic farming represents an environment-friendly alternative to conventional farming techniques. The aim of this paper is to assess whether there are differences in financial performance of the Czech agricultural enterprises as measured by financial analysis indicators in relation to the selected farming system (conventional vs. organic), the farm size (with respect to organic and conventional farms) and the interaction of these two factors in the period 2012–2016. A three-step approach including two-way multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), non-parametric two-way analysis of variance
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43

Górecki, Jarosław, and Manuel Díaz-Madroñero. "Who Risks and Wins?—Simulated Cost Variance in Sustainable Construction Projects." Sustainability 12, no. 8 (2020): 3370. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12083370.

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More and more construction projects are closed before they ever start. Among the most significant reasons for project failures is cost risk. Construction companies have many problems with reliable cost management. Rising demands of the key market players insist on making construction projects more sustainable according to the simultaneous improvement of the economic, environmental and social responsiveness dimensions. In order to investigate these problems, a four-phase research methodology has been followed consisting of: (1) literature review to identify research trends and gaps, (2) survey
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Shukla, Arjun, V. M. Prasad, Vijay Bahadur, and Samir E. Topno. "Comparative Studies of Tomato and Cherry Tomatoes Different Varieties under Poly House Condition." International Journal of Advances in Agricultural Science and Technology 8, no. 8 (2021): 201–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.47856/ijaast.2021.v08i8.022.

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Research was carried out at Vegetable Research Farm, Department of horticulture, SHUATS, Prayagraj (U.P.) during winter season of 2020 - 2021, to evaluate different varieties of poly house condition traits of 7 Hybrids, with three replications in Randomized Block Design (RBD). Analysis of variance in the present investigation indicated that the genotypes evaluated differed significantly among all the treatment for all Thirteen traits. The hybrids Arka rakshak (887.01 kg) yield/hac and Total cost of cultivation (INR ha-1) 72,250.00. Cost Benefit Ratio of different varieties of tomato, Variable
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Russo, G. E., N. Leopardi, and E. Vitaliano. "Therapeutical Apheresis: Cost Analysis." International Journal of Artificial Organs 21, no. 6_suppl (1998): 72–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/039139889802106s15.

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The constant technological advancement implies the definition of new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies that are in contrast with present requirements to reduce health costs. As far as apheretic therapy is concerned cost analysis should be carried out on a variable series: prevention, method efficacy, selection of one method rather than another, patient's social and working recovery, disablement, reduction in hospitalization and drugs. So, if on one hand we find ourselves facing therapeutical technology the cost of which is well defined, on the other an accurate “therapeutic prescription” i
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46

Negrín, Miguel A., Francisco J. Vázquez-Polo, María Martel, Elías Moreno, and Francisco J. Girón. "Bayesian Variable Selection in Cost-Effectiveness Analysis." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 7, no. 4 (2010): 1577–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph7041577.

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47

Govindasamy, R., Dhanya Sai Das, and R. Tamilarasi. "An Economic Analysis on Turmeric Cultivation in Coimbatore District of Tamilnadu." Shanlax International Journal of Economics 9, no. 2 (2021): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/economics.v9i2.3747.

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India is agrarian society where sole dependence has been on agriculture since time immemorial trading of agricultural produce began in exchange of money. Agriculture is the primary source of livelihood for about 58 percent of India’s population. Gross Value Added (GVA) by agriculture forestry and fishing was estimated at Rs.19.48lakh Crore (Us$276.37 Billion) in 7y 20(PE). Growth in GVA in agriculture and allied sectors stood at 4 percent in 7Y 20. In 2020-21 Government of India is targeting total food grain production of 298 MT. Indian turmeric is the best in the world due to the presence of
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48

Kapoor, Trishul, Sean M. Wrenn, Peter W. Callas, and Wasef Abu-Jaish. "Cost Analysis and Supply Utilization of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy." Minimally Invasive Surgery 2018 (December 10, 2018): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7838103.

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Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is one of the highest volume surgeries performed annually. We hypothesized that there is a statistically significant intradepartmental cost variance with supply utilization variability amongst surgeons of different subspecialty. This study sought to describe laparoscopic cholecystectomy cost of care among three subspecialties of surgeons. This retrospective observational cohort study captured 372 laparoscopic cholecystectomy cases performed between June 2015 and June 2016 by 12 surgeons divided into three subspecialties: 2 in bariatric surgery (BS), 5 in acute
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MUSTAJIB, M. IMRON, and DRADJAD IRIANTO. "AN INTEGRATED MODEL FOR PROCESS SELECTION AND QUALITY IMPROVEMENT IN MULTI-STAGE PROCESSES." Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Systems 09, no. 01 (2010): 31–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219686710001788.

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All production processes produce variance around the desired target value of quality characteristic. This variance affects the product quality level. Accordingly variance reduction needs to be done as the main goal of quality improvement programs. However effort to improve quality of each product unit must take into account to improvement costs. This paper proposes an optimization model for quality improvement in multi-stage processes using a non linear programming model by selecting alternatives process and determining unit of production of each stage to maximize profit as the difference betw
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Strawser, William R., and Jeffrey W. Strawser. "Discussing Variance Analysis with the Performance of a Basketball Team." Issues in Accounting Education 29, no. 3 (2013): 481–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/iace-50671.

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ABSTRACT While current cost and managerial accounting texts devote extensive coverage to comparisons of actual and expected costs, relatively scant attention is devoted to analyzing comparable differences in revenues. Methods commonly used to identify differences between actual and expected revenues include the calculation of variances such as the sales price (SPV), sales quantity (SQV), and the sales mix (SMV) variances. We decided to approach the discussion of these variances in an innovative setting by presenting the SQV and SMV in the context of analyzing the performance of a basketball te
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