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Journal articles on the topic 'Cost and standard living'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 27 July 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Wang, Xiaolin, Liping Xu, Xiaoyuan Shang, and Ping Guo. "Extra Costs for Urban Older People with Disabilities in Northern China." Social Policy and Society 10, no. 1 (2010): 79–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474746410000412.

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This paper uses the living standards method to estimate the extra costs for older people with functional disabilities in urban areas in Northern China. The research finds that the cost for older people who live alone is higher than those who live with other family members, and their living standard is lower. The costs increase with the age, especially for the oldest old people who live alone. The cost for older women is higher than their male counterparts. The extra costs of support for people with functional disabilities decrease the overall living standard of the household.

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2

Nelson, F. Howard. "An Interstate Cost-of-Living Index." Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis 13, no. 1 (1991): 103–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/01623737013001103.

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This research describes a simple way to generate an interstate cost-of-living index from market basket data collected at the standard metropolitan statistical area (SMSA) level. Models were developed for each of four regions to explain differences in the cost of living among more than 180 SMSAs. The regression coefficients were then used as weights and combined with comparable state level data to establish a state cost-of-living index. Finally, the state cost-of-living index values were normalized so that 100 represents the national average for all states weighted by their population. In the c

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Mutchler, Jan E., Jiyoung Lyu, Ping Xu, and Jeffrey A. Burr. "Is Cost of Living Related to Living Alone Among Older Persons? Evidence From the Elder Economic Security Standard Index." Journal of Family Issues 38, no. 17 (2015): 2495–511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192513x15606773.

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This study examines whether the cost of living is related to the probability of living alone among unmarried persons age 65 years and older in the United States. Cost of living is measured at the metropolitan area level by the Elder Economic Security Standard Index, which takes into account geographic variability in cost of housing, food, transportation, and medical care. Using multilevel modeling, we find that higher cost of living is related to a lower likelihood of living alone net of personal resources. Results also show that the gap in the likelihood of living alone between high- and low-

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Sonia. "Economic aspirations and challenges before Indian economy in special reference to post COVID scenario." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 16, no. 3 (2022): 734–40. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7903539.

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The paper aims at studying the various economic aspects like unemployment rate, health care, purchasing power, cost of living and safety index of Indian economy. The data taken is secondary in nature and five years of data is studied to analyse the results. The t-test is applied to test the hypothesis and correlation analysis is done to see the comparative results. For ease of study, the factors like cost of living, purchasing power, health facilities, pollution index and safety index are averaged and categorised as Standard of Living Index.

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5

Tydal, Fredrik. "The Cost of the Necklace in Dorothy Parker’s “The Standard of Living”." Studies in the American Short Story 4, no. 1 (2023): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/studamershorstor.4.1.0077.

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ABSTRACT There are two ways to interpret Dorothy Parker’s “The Standard of Living” in which two lower-class women admire a necklace in an expensive jewelry store. One is that the necklace really does cost a quarter of a million dollars, as the clerk says, but the other is that he is lying to them. The support for this latter and less common interpretation is that the clerk, working in an upscale boutique on fifth avenue, would immediately be able to tell that Annabel and Midge are not the kind of people who would be able to afford the piece of jewelry in question. In fact, as the clerk can sur

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Mergen, Patricia, Maarten Trekels, Frederik Leliaert, et al. "Describing Living Collections and Specimens." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 5 (August 31, 2021): e73697. https://doi.org/10.3897/biss.5.73697.

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Many institutions harbor living collections in the form of living plants, animals, microrganisms or seeds. In the framework of the TDWG collections and specimen descriptions standards, it has become important to align exisiting standards for living collections and specimens or to identify where concepts or controlled vocabularies would be needed in the current TDWG standards. In September 2021 a workshop was organized in the framework of the COST Action Mobilise (https://www.mobilise-action.eu/) to get a better common understanding of the different types of living collections to consider and s

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Кондрашова, Н. Г. "5.7. ANALYSIS OF STATISTICAL DATA OF MAIN INDICATORS OF THE LIVING STANDARDS OF POPULATION: REGIONAL ASPECT." Audit and Financial Analysis, no. 4 (January 4, 2021): 113–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.38097/afa.2020.82.45.015.

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Одной из основных задач развития социально-экономической политики государства является повышение уровня жизни населения. Наиболее показательным критерием для оценки уровня жизни являются денежные доходы, среднемесячная заработная плата, величина прожиточного минимума. Анализ их динамики в различных регионах позволяет выявить тренды, дифференциации, проблемы малообеспеченности населения и возможности повышения уровня жизни для улучшения благосостояния населения. One of the main tasks of the development of the socio-economic policy of the state is to improve the living standards of the populatio

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Кондрашова, Н. Г. "5.7. ANALYSIS OF STATISTICAL DATA OF MAIN INDICATORS OF THE LIVING STANDARDS OF POPULATION: REGIONAL ASPECT." Audit and Financial Analysis, no. 4 (January 4, 2021): 113–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.38097/afa.2020.82.45.015.

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Одной из основных задач развития социально-экономической политики государства является повышение уровня жизни населения. Наиболее показательным критерием для оценки уровня жизни являются денежные доходы, среднемесячная заработная плата, величина прожиточного минимума. Анализ их динамики в различных регионах позволяет выявить тренды, дифференциации, проблемы малообеспеченности населения и возможности повышения уровня жизни для улучшения благосостояния населения. One of the main tasks of the development of the socio-economic policy of the state is to improve the living standards of the populatio

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Sintayehu, Birhanu, and Anwar Ahmed Hussien. "Living Standard of Academic Staff at Haramaya University." Education Research International 2021 (July 6, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/7956736.

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Maslow’s theory of the hierarchy of needs suggests that human beings cannot reach the level of self-actualization in the event that their basic needs are not properly fulfilled, i.e., physiological needs and needs related to security. This study is an effort to test the theory against the living standard of instructors of Haramaya University (the researchers explore where academic staff are leveled). A qualitative approach was employed to make an empirical investigation of living conditions of instructors in this particular university and its implication on imparting quality education. To do s

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Stipek, Vladimir. "Disadvantages of the Replacement Ratio Indicator with Calculation of a New Variant of This Indicator: A Case Study of Czech Republic." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 14, no. 1 (2018): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2018.v14n1p62.

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This article deals with the analysis of the replacement ratio (an indicator of the relation between the average wage and the average pension). This was carried out on the basis of the analysis of pensioners’ consumer baskets and their expenditures. It proposes a more appropriate concept of the so-called real replacement ratio. The replacement ratio is often used for longterm (intergenerational) comparisons of the standard of living of pensioners. Also, the weaknesses of this indicator make such comparisons insufficiently informative. On the other hand, the so-called real replacement ratio take

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Thapa, Arjun Kumar, and Sonia Singla. "Determinants of Household’s Healthcare Payment in Nepal: Evidence from Living Standard Survey III Data." Journal of Advanced Academic Research 6, no. 1 (2019): 46–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jaar.v6i1.35325.

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Healthcare financing has always remained an important development issue for Government of Nepal to ensure equity and availability of basic health care services for all but the largest portion of health financing is met by out of pocket payment (OOP), a private financing source of households. So this study aims to assess the situation of private healthcare financing and analyze the factors associated with it. A cross sectional descriptive cum analytical study was designed based on living standard survey data of CBS (2012), Nepal. It is a rich and country wide representative data comprising 5988

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Korchak, Elena A. "Cost of Living in the Regions of the Arctic Zone of Russia." Теория и практика общественного развития, no. 11 (November 29, 2023): 222–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.24158/tipor.2023.11.27.

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Active efforts to develop all elements of socio-economic systems of the regions of the Arctic zone of the Rus-sian Federation are the key to the effective development of their resources. The main element of territorial sys-tems of the Russian Arctic is labor potential, the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of which are deter-mined by the standard of living of the population. One of the main indicators of living standards in Russian sta-tistics is the cost of living. The aim of the study, the results of which are presented in this article, is to analyze the values of this indicator f

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Achit, Hamza, Francis Guillemin, Georges Karam, et al. "Cost-effectiveness of four living-donor nephrectomy techniques from a hospital perspective." Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 35, no. 11 (2019): 2004–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ndt/gfz143.

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Abstract Background In Europe, transplantation centres use different nephrectomy techniques: open surgery, and standard, hand-assisted and robot-assisted laparoscopies. Few studies have analysed the disparity in costs and clinical outcomes between techniques. Since donors are healthy patients expecting minimum pain and fast recovery, this study aimed to compare the cost-effectiveness of four nephrectomy techniques focusing on early surgical outcomes, an essential in the donation act. Methods A micro-costing approach was used to estimate the cost of implementation from a hospital perspective. E

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Bostrom, Nick. "Astronomical Waste: The Opportunity Cost of Delayed Technological Development." Utilitas 15, no. 3 (2003): 308–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0953820800004076.

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With very advanced technology, a very large population of people living happy lives could be sustained in the accessible region of the universe. For every year that development of such technologies and colonization of the universe is delayed, there is therefore a corresponding opportunity cost: a potential good, lives worth living, is not being realized. Given some plausible assumptions, this cost is extremely large. However, the lesson for standard utilitarians is not that we ought to maximize the pace of technological development, but rather that we ought to maximize its safety, i.e. the pro

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Coelho, Philip R. P. "The Hidden Cost of Economic Development: The Biological Standard of Living in Antebellum Pennsylvania." Agricultural History 81, no. 3 (2007): 414–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00021482-81.3.414.

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Sunder, Marco. "The Hidden Cost of Economic Development. The Biological Standard of Living in Antebellum Pennsylvania." Social History of Medicine 19, no. 2 (2006): 347–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/shm/hkl015.

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Nghiem, Son, Rasheda Khanam, Xuan-Binh Vu, and Bach Xuan Tran. "Implicitly Estimating the Cost of Mental Illness in Australia: A Standard-of-Living Approach." Applied Health Economics and Health Policy 18, no. 2 (2019): 261–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40258-019-00526-y.

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Tevin-Anyali, Chizoba Linda, Obi, Chinasa Ifeoma, and Oladipo, Abimbola Oluwaseun. "Nigeria’s Standard of Living in the Face of Inflation." Asian Research Journal of Arts & Social Sciences 21, no. 4 (2023): 32–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/arjass/2023/v21i4490.

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Inflation in Nigeria has been the major problem causing a lower standard of living for people as it erodes the purchasing power of people. As such, studies have been conducted but with different findings. Furthermore, theoretically and practically, Nigeria experiences economic and social instability owing to the fact that it consumes more than it produces, and imports most of the raw materials for the little production it makes. This has however made the cost of living high. Hence, this study examines the impact of the inflation rate on the standard of living of people in Nigeria, collecting d

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Chalayonnavin, Auschala. "The Savings and Credit Cooperative of Royal Police Cadet Academy Limited: New Guidelines for Good Governance Reform in the Royal Thai Police." Asian Social Science 12, no. 5 (2016): 214. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v12n5p214.

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<p>The fluctuations in the Thai economy since 1997 have had a big impact on the standard cost of living of the police officers. Many struggle to earn enough income to cover the expenses. Debt problems have put officers under a lot of stress affecting their standards of performance and encouraging corruption. The Savings and Credit Cooperative of Royal Police Cadet Academy Limited (RPCA Coop Ltd) has played a crucial role in improving a quality of life of the members by alleviating their financial problems. An evaluation of RPCA Coop Ltd operation revealed that it has achieved an objectiv

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Madugba, Joseph Ugochukwu, Tony Uche Agburuga, Ben-Caleb Egbide, Fadoju, Samuel Oludaro, and Joseph Falaye. "Dysfunctional Association Between Public Expenditure Growth and National Consumption Cost: A Vector Error Correction Approach." Asian Economic and Financial Review 11, no. 10 (2021): 794–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/journal.aefr.2021.1110.794.804.

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The management of public expenditure is crucial due to its effect on people’s standard of living. In line with this, this study investigated public expenditure growth and national consumption costs using a vector error correction approach. The objective is to determine the effect of capital and recurrent expenditure on the consumer price index. The dependent variable in this study is national consumption measured by the consumer price index, while the independent variable is public expenditure measured by capital and recurrent expenditures. An ex post facto research design was adopted, and dat

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ONEH, CYREEL OVYENNE, and SITI HAJAR SAMSU. "AN URBAN HOUSEHOLD LIVING WAGE: AN EMPIRICAL OVERVIEW." Quantum Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities 4, no. 6 (2023): 50–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.55197/qjssh.v4i6.291.

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As Malaysia is rapidly progressing towards the status of a high-income nation, it is imperative that all of its residents strive for at least a minimally decent standard of living. Keeping a comfortable standard of living is becoming increasingly challenging for many families as the cost of living continues to rise. The goal of this research is to learn how much is the living wage for the household residing in Kota Kinabalu need to get by. In this research, a "household" is a person or a group of people, whether they are related or not, who live in the same house and make financial decisions t

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МЕЩЕРЯКОВ, Д. А., and О. Н. ТОМАШОВА. "EVALUATION OF THE STANDARD OF LIVING OF CITIZENS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION." Экономика и предпринимательство, no. 5(154) (July 1, 2023): 579–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.34925/eip.2023.154.5.112.

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В современных социально-экономических условиях одной из основных стратегических целей государственной политики является повышение уровня жизни населения. В статье рассматривается динамика и взаимосвязь факторов, определяющих уровень жизни, а именно: минимального размера оплаты труда, величины прожиточного минимума, инфляции, средней продолжительности жизни, а также условий жизни. Приводится оценка эффективности программ по повышению качества жизни населения, проводимых правительством РФ, определены причины изменений факторов за период 2013–2022 год. One of the main strategic goals of state pol

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Anandapandian.KanapathyThangavel, Kasirajan, Kabe Temesgen, Rani.R Divya, and Rajan Pandia. "Disease Burden among Homeless Individuals with Low Living Standards at Bule Hora Town, Southern Ethiopia." Annals of R.S.C.B 25, no. 3 (2022): 7681–93. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7179952.

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ABSTRACT Background: Poverty is inability to attain minimum standards of living. Possibility of disease load is the effect of a health problem as measured by economic cost, death, injury, or other health indicators. Objective: Objective of the research is to find out the disease burden among individuals with low living standards. Materials and Methods: Community based random sample study was conducted among 121 homeless individuals between the age group of 15-45 years in BuleHora town. The questionnaire was given to collect data by interviewing them. In low-income nations; communicable disease

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Sonia. "Economic aspirations and challenges before Indian economy in special reference to post COVID scenario." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 16, no. 3 (2022): 734–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2022.16.3.1439.

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The paper aims at studying the various economic aspects like unemployment rate, health care, purchasing power, cost of living and safety index of Indian economy. The data taken is secondary in nature and five years of data is studied to analyse the results. The t-test is applied to test the hypothesis and correlation analysis is done to see the comparative results. For ease of study, the factors like cost of living, purchasing power, health facilities, pollution index and safety index are averaged and categorised as Standard of Living Index.

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Kozlova, M. A. "Temporal cost-of-living index: from the generation of conception to the applied assessment." Statistics and Economics 15, no. 5 (2018): 63–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/2500-3925-2018-5-63-72.

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The purpose of this paper consists in the identification of historical development pattern of the cost-of-living index, which is a significant price indicator of macroeconomic process.Materials and methods. The analysis of the cost-of-living index conception in dynamics is realized on the base of the foreign (American and West European) periodical data, also on the base of bulletins of U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. The methods of research is an analysis of generated conceptions of the cost-of-living index, mathematically well-founded selection of possible formulae of cost-of-living index, e

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Mahmood, Farrukh, Shumaila Hashim, and Hina Fatima. "A Complete Picture of Spatial Disparity in Cost of Living Index: A Case Study of Pakistan’s Cities." Journal of Applied Economics and Business Studies 5, no. 1 (2021): 47–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.34260/jaebs.513.

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This study constructed the cost of living index by using all available data on 488 commodities of the 40 cities of Pakistan for the month of May 2019. Empirically, results revealed that there is a statistical difference in the cost of living index among cities from the standard of living. Based on the national average prices, the Islamabad is ranked at first, and Mirpurkhas, a city of Sindh, is at fortieth. Furthermore, Province wise highest cost of living is found in NWFP and lowest in Sindh. By employing national average prices that have aggregation bias; therefore, it is replaced by provinc

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Tobiloba, Somefun, Awosope Claudius, Abdulkareem Ademola, Ojo Joseph, Amuta Elizabeth, and Sanni Timilehin. "Cost implications analysis of grid supplied electricity and solar source of electricity in Nigeria." TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication, Computing, Electronics and Control 18, no. 6 (2020): 3258~3265. https://doi.org/10.12928/TELKOMNIKA.v18i6.13558.

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Energy is a key component in the overall growth of every nation. Insufficient energy delivery hinders political growth, restricts social growth, limits economic growth, and negatively affects the standard of living of citizens, both in urban and rural areas. Sufficient energy delivery increases food production, improves the standards of living of citizens, improves healthcare and enhancements in other human services, enhances industrial output, provides effective and efficient transportation not forgetting adequate shelter to the citizens of the nation. Currently, there is a significant level

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Antón, José-Ignacio, Francisco-Javier Braña, and Rafael Muñoz de Bustillo. "An analysis of the cost of disability across Europe using the standard of living approach." SERIEs 7, no. 3 (2016): 281–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13209-016-0146-5.

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Knapp, M., J. Beecham, V. Koutsogeorgopoulou, et al. "Service use and Costs of Home-Based Versus Hospital-Based Care for People with Serious Mental Illness." British Journal of Psychiatry 165, no. 2 (1994): 195–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.165.2.195.

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Background.The Daily Living Programme (DLP) offered problem-oriented, home-based care for people aged 17–64 with severe mental illness facing emergency admission to the Bethlem–Maudsley Hospital. The multidisciplinary DLP team acted as direct provider and link with other services. Each patient had a key worker. Cost-effectiveness was assessed.Method.The comprehensive costs of DLP and standard in-patient care were compared within a randomised controlled trial. Cost measures ranged over all service inputs and living expenses. The costs of informal care and lost employment were also considered. A

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Schneider, John E., Jacie Cooper, Cara Scheibling, and Anjani Parikh. "Economic evaluation of passive monitoring technology for seniors." Aging Clinical and Experimental Research 32, no. 7 (2019): 1375–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40520-019-01323-2.

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Abstract Background Advances such as passive monitoring technology (PMT), which provides holistic supervision of chronically ill and elderly patients, enable and support improved monitoring and observation, thus empowering the growing population of older adults to live more independently while lowering health care expenses. Aims This study develops a conceptual model to estimate the potential savings associated with PMT. Methods We first develop a conceptual model to identify the main cost variables associated with independent living, focusing on three pathways: (1) PMT, (2) independent living

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Busheva, T. I., and A. A. Kurylev. "Review of methods for assessing the cost-effectiveness of medical interventions." Real-World Data & Evidence 4, no. 4 (2025): 3–10. https://doi.org/10.37489/2782-3784-myrwd-057.

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Assessment of the effectiveness of a drug is a complex process. Currently, the standard method for assessing the effectiveness of a medical intervention is the quality-adjusted life years (QALY). In the summer of 2024, a description of a new method for assessing the effectiveness of medical interventions — Standard of Living Valuation (SoLV) was published. The proposed method is more difficult than QALY, but its capabilities are broader. However, this method is also not optimal. The problem of creating an optimal method for assessing the cost-effectiveness of health technologies remains open.

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Njiru, Christine W., and Sammy C. Letema. "Energy Poverty and Its Implication on Standard of Living in Kirinyaga, Kenya." Journal of Energy 2018 (November 14, 2018): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3196567.

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Energy poverty affects physical health, well-being, and ability to prosper. A large proportion of Kenyan population lack access to electricity because they are located far from the national grid where it is uneconomical to extend electricity. This paper assesses energy poverty situation in Kirinyaga and reviews its implication on standard of living. Kirinyaga is a rural county with the main economic activity being agriculture and a few agroprocessing factories. Most rural households in Kirinyaga rely on fuel wood to meet their basic energy requirements and lack access to electricity. Tea facto

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Ademola, Abdulsalam S., and Lami Shehu Ubale. "Investigating the effect of Inflation on Household Standard of Living in Nigeria; Empirical Evidence Using ARDL Model." FUDMA Journal of Humanities, Social Science and Creative Arts 1, AHBSI (2025): 134–41. https://doi.org/10.70882/fujohssaca.2025.v1(ahbsi).16.

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The study investigates the effect of Inflation on Standard of living in Nigeria using time series data (1980-2023), that are mainly sourced from Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) statistical bulletin and National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) of various issues and World Development Indicator (WDI). Auto-Regressive Distribution Lag (ARDL) econometric technique of analysis were employed given mixed order of integration of the variables and existence of long run relationship among the variables using cointegration bound test. The empirical findings indicate that, there is a negative and statistically si

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Arroyo Abad, Leticia. "FAILURE TO LAUNCH: COST OF LIVING AND LIVING STANDARDS IN PERU DURING THE 19TH CENTURY." Revista de Historia Económica / Journal of Iberian and Latin American Economic History 32, no. 1 (2014): 47–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0212610913000232.

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ABSTRACTBased on a variety of archival sources, this paper presents estimations for cost of living and living standards for Lima, Peru during the 19th century. During this century Peru experienced deep swings in economic activity marked by the independence wars, the War of the Pacific, and a commodity boom. These new series show that a sizable inflationary period during the guano age had dampening effects on the living standards of the popular class. While living standards peaked by mid 1850s, GDP per capita did not do so until two decades later. These results suggest that the guano bonanza fa

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Niță, Anca Jeanina. "A constitutional perspective on the connection between the state and the economy. Implications of the fundamental right in a decent standard of living." Technium Social Sciences Journal 39 (January 8, 2023): 297–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v39i1.8240.

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Starting from an indisputable reality, namely that the numerous global and interconnected crises (pandemic crisis, biodiversity crisis, economic crisis and energy crisis, etc.) exacerbate the cost of living crisis and affect the right to a decent standard of living in all states of the world, the present study proposes a "radiography" of the decent standard of living in Romania - between the constitutional consecration and the social reality. The coordinates of the state-economy connection and of the standard of living in the consecration of the Romanian Constitution are presented. It starts f

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S, Latha, and R. Gurumoorthy T. "Cost and Return Analysis of Jatropha Bio fuel Plantation in Ramanathapuram District." Shanlax International Journal of Management 6, S1 (2019): 155–62. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2567719.

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India has developed rapidly during the past decades, reducing the percentage of the population living below the  poverty  line from 55 per cent in 1973 to 21 percent in the late 1990s. However, 250 million Indians still live in poverty and are dependent on continued development to raise their standard of living. In order to fight poverty and enhance livelihoods in developing countries the supply of food and energy must be secured; the population needs food for sustenance, and access to modern energy sources is necessary in order to achieve both economic growth and sufficient social a

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TOYOKAWA, Saikaku. "THE ECONOMICS OF HOUSING IN TANGE LAB REPRODUCTIVE AND STANDARD COST OF LIVING UNDER GENERAL MOBILIZATION." Journal of Architecture and Planning (Transactions of AIJ) 71, no. 609 (2006): 171–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aija.71.171_3.

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Umobong, Asian A. "The Nexus of Green Accounting and Standard of Living in Nigeria." Sumerianz Journal of Business Management and Marketing, no. 74 (December 24, 2024): 108–19. https://doi.org/10.47752/sjbmm.74.108.119.

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The objective of the study was to determine the long run effect of green accounting on standard of living in Nigeria using data obtained from manufacturing firms’ financial statement for Green accounting and CBN and World Bank publication for Standard of living for the period 2003 to 2022. The Pooled Mean Group (PMG) estimation technique was used in the empirical analysis to estimate the long-run and short-run relationship amongst the variables for the panel data. The study found only economic cost has significant effect on inflation. Social costs had significant impact on unemployment alone i

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Ismail, Nor Asmat, Lynda Daud, Saidatulakmal Mohd, Narimah Samat, and Abdul Rahim Ridzuan. "Living Style and Cost of Living: A Cross-Section Analysis of B40 Households in Malaysia." Malaysian Journal of Consumer and Family Economics 31, no. 1 (2023): 393–427. http://dx.doi.org/10.60016/majcafe.v31.15.

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The cost of living has become an economic problem for everyone. Studies on the cost of living often connect income and inflation as the cost of living factors. This study aims to look from a different perspective by analysing the influence of lifestyle on the household cost of living in Malaysia. Lifestyle changes are one effect that arises from changes in household income and living standards. Households’ arrangement of upgrading basic needs by consuming more expensive and better-quality goods is defined as lifestyle and it is determined using household income elasticities. This study uses th

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Inchiem, Nur Azureen binti, Imbarine Bujang, Hylmee Matahir, and Debbra Toria anak Nipo. "FACTORS INFLUENCING THE LIVING WAGE IN EAST MALAYSIA." Malaysian Journal of Business and Economics (MJBE) 7, no. 1 (2020): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.51200/mjbe.vi.2834.

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Living wage goes beyond just about affording necessities such as food, clothes, and shelter. It also comprises the ability for people to allow themselves to be involved with society. Many countries all around the world have been implementing the living wage to their people. Nevertheless, in Asian countries, the push to implement the living wage is still low. Thus, this paper aims to identify the factors that influence the living wage for workers who are currently working in East Malaysia. For this study, Anker’s model is adopted to develop the framework. The independent variables for this stud

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Pollak, Robert A. "The Consumer Price Index: A Research Agenda and Three Proposals." Journal of Economic Perspectives 12, no. 1 (1998): 69–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.12.1.69.

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This paper argues that dealing with current concerns about the CPI within the framework of economic theory requires developing the theory of the cost-of-living index under more general assumptions than have thus far been standard. It examines three neglected but critical issues that should rank high on the research agenda because of their practical implications for index number construction: Whose cost-of-living index? Why shop? and What is a good? It concludes by discussing the intersection between the technical problems of constructing the CPI and the political problems of indexing taxes and

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Feinstein, Charles H. "Pessimism Perpetuated: Real Wages and the Standard of Living in Britain during and after the Industrial Revolution." Journal of Economic History 58, no. 3 (1998): 625–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050700021100.

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New estimates of nominal earnings and the cost of living are presented and used to make a fresh assessment of changes in the real earnings of male and female manual workers in Britain from 1770 to 1870. Workers' average real earnings are then adjusted for factors such as unemployment, the number of their dependants, and the costs of urbanization. The main finding is that the standard of living of the average working-class family improved by less than 15 percent between the 1780s and 1850s. This long plateau is shown to be consistent with other economic, political, and demographic indicators.

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Xu, Dong, Xue Ying Wang, and Ya Jun Wu. "Study on the Application Pattern of Solar Energy of Rural House in the Cold Area." Applied Mechanics and Materials 193-194 (August 2012): 165–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.193-194.165.

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China's rural residential energy consumption increase constantly, and explore practical rural residential solar energy application technology, solve the energy problem of heating in winter, improve the living standards of the people, and improve the quality of life, to accelerate the pace of China's overall energy conservation of the building is of vital importance. Through investigation method, the cold areas of the present situation, the rural housing live characteristics, the peasant's living standard, the solar energy application investigated. The sun room types, characteristics, collectio

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Wycliffe, Muma Bosire, and Jane Queen Omwenga Dr. "DETERMINANTS OF COST OF LIVING OF THE HOUSEHOLDS IN KAJIADO NORTH SUB-COUNTY." International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 10, no. 4 (2022): 148–67. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7183190.

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<strong>Abstract:</strong> This research was carried out to examine the determinants of the cost of living of the Households in Kajiado North sub county. It attempted to answer: What is the influence of utilities on the cost of living of the Kajiado county residents? What is the influence of the household income on the cost of living of the Kajiado county residents? How does inflation affect the cost of living of the Kajiado county residents? How do taxes influence the cost of living of the Kajiado county residents? The study reviewed theories that are relevant to the study. These theories inc

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Koh, Fung Chieng, and Fara Diva Mustapa. "SMART LIVING IMPLEMENTATION IN MALAYSIA: A PRELIMINARY OVERVIEW." Journal of Information System and Technology Management 6, no. 24 (2021): 79–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.35631/jistm.624008.

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The purpose of this study is to review the development of Smart Living for Smart City in Malaysia. Smart Living is an innovative concept of residential inspired through Smart City that complies with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by accomodating human well-being and environmental concerns. However, there have been inconsistencies in terms of definition and features practised for the local context. Hence, this research seeks to determine the practical definition and standard of Smart Living by referring to Singapore, Finland, Thailand, and Ho Chi Minh. A preliminary literature review anal

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Elakhovsky, V. S. "Measuring Regional Differences in Living Standards in Russia." Voprosy statistiki 27, no. 5 (2020): 48–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.34023/2313-6383-2020-27-5-48-57.

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The article reflects some of the results of the author’s research on improving the accuracy of statistical assessments of inter-regional differences in the standard of living of the Russian population. Regional differences that have taken place over the past 15 years in the Russian Federation are measured using important indicators of living standards such as average per capita monetary income and final consumption per capita. The author states that the inter-regional differences in the period under review, although present, were quite small and relatively stable over time. Treatment of the re

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Sadykov, R. M. "Assessment of the living standard of elderly people and their well-being in a changing social environment." Vestnik Universiteta, no. 1 (March 20, 2024): 184–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.26425/1816-4277-2024-1-184-191.

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The current scientific article presents the results of assessing the living standard of elderly people, their well-being, livelihoods in conditions of economic instability and changing social space. Global and all-Russian official statistics indicate an increase in the ageing process of the population. Besides, there is a steady growth in the share of pensioners in its structure. In recent years, in the Russian Federation in general and in the Republic of Bashkortostan in particular, there has been a real trend of ageing population, longer life expectancy (73 years), and a greater number of se

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Zlenko, Yelena. "Development of the Mechanism for Regulating Low Income from Employment as a Trend of Increasing the Living Standards of Population of the Russian Arctic." Living Standards of the Population in the Regions of Russia 15, no. 4 (2019): 36–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/1999-9836-2019-10080.

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The Arctic has a special place in the strategy of socioeconomic development of Russia. The strategic tasks outlined at the present stage imply the integrated development of the Arctic, achieving positive changes in the economy and the social sphere, raising the standard of living and the role of income from employment in ensuring the livelihoods of the population. The article is devoted to the mechanism of regulation of low income from employment, considered in the framework of improving the living standards of citizens living and working in the Arctic.The Object of the Study. Arctic living st

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Kučas, Andrius, Boyan Kavalov, and Carlo Lavalle. "Living Cost Gap in the European Union Member States." Sustainability 12, no. 21 (2020): 8955. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12218955.

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The living cost gap refers to the differential amongst income, expenditures, and poverty lines. It is important since it addresses a number of aspects that point towards historic and continued living standards. The purpose of this study is to identify, measure, and compare the living cost gap in the Europe Union member states. Twenty-nine indicators/criteria from Eurostat and World Bank, covering the period 2008–2017, are employed. In order to rank and compare living cost gap by countries, objective functions for each criterion are defined and applied. The importance of each criterion is asses

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Andreev, V. V., and V. O. Timashov. "State social standards and norms in the system of social protection." Analytical and Comparative Jurisprudence, no. 2 (May 11, 2024): 296–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2788-6018.2024.02.51.

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The article analyses the concepts of social standards and norms, the subsistence minimum as one of the basic indicators for providing various types of benefits, their objectives, scope and peculiarities of legal regulation. The formation of a system of social standards and norms and the role of the subsistence minimum in social protection of citizens are studied. A state that recognises itself as a state governed by the rule of law and social justice must ensure a living wage that covers the real basic needs of its citizens. The basic social standard should embody the idea of social justice an

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