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Vanhook, Patricia M. "Cost-Utility Analysis/Cost Effectiveness of Nursing Care." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7432.
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Myers, Lorena. "Performance bond cost-effectiveness analysis." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0041335.
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Xia, Jintang, and 夏金堂. "Cost-effectiveness of laparoscopic cholecystectomy during the index admission in mild acute gallstone pancreatitis." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B39724694.
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Vasiliadis, Helen-Maria. "A cost-effectiveness and cost-utility study of lung transplants /." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=84852.
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Introduction. Lung recipients are faced with life-threatening complications which may impede in reaching an acceptable overall clinical and HRQOL level. Furthermore, the reported costs associated with the rigid follow-up care and expensive drug regimen raises the question whether this intervention is cost-effective.<br>Objectives. To determine the incremental cost-effectiveness (C/E) and cost-utility (C/U) of lung transplantation (L-Tx) according to the health system perspective.<br>Methods. A C/E and C/U analysis of L-Tx was carried out on 124 patients accepted unto the Quebec L-Tx waiting list (1997--2001). Survival was presented in mean life years (LY). HRQOL and utility were assessed using the SF-36 and standard gamble; they were studied cross-sectionally and longitudinally on a group of patients. Utility was used in the computation of the QALY. The economic impact of L-Tx was based on direct medical costs for 3 time periods: the waiting list, the transplant procedure and post-transplant phase. In the incremental C/E and C/U ratio, the costs for the procedure and follow-up care were compared to those during the waiting list, which served as an estimate for costs without transplantation. Estimates were modeled beyond the study period based on registry data. Simulating different person-time experiences during the waiting time (1 to 6 years) and post-transplant phase (1 to 8 years) tested key assumptions. Costs were based on provincial and national data and were discounted at a rate of 5%.<br>Results. The estimates were based on the 1,090.0 and 1,421.5 person-months contributed by the cohort (N = 124) to the waiting list and post-transplant phase (N = 91), respectively. The mean LYs and QALYs gained were 0.57 (95% CI: 0.36--0.78) and 0.62 (95% CI: 0.36--0.78), respectively. HRQOL was higher on average for all domains in lung recipients versus candidates. Utility scores were also higher in recipients as compared to candidates: 0.76 (95% CI: 0.69, 0.83) versus 0.17 (95% CI: 0.12, 0.22). The estimated total average cost per patient without Tx was $15,015 or $1,708 (95% CI: $1,327--$2,090) per month. The L-Tx program induced an additional screening cost of $9,622 per patient. The average cost of a transplant procedure was $49,314 (95% CI: $39,216--$69,465). The average post-Tx follow-up cost per patient per month in the first, second, third and fourth year was $2,804 ($1,840--$3,792), $1,643 ($1,090--$2,291), $1,749 ($804--$2,690) and $971 ($768--$1,175), respectively.
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Asif, Mohammad. "Simple generic models for cost-significant estimating of construction project costs." Thesis, University of Dundee, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.330103.
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Harden, Monroe B. "Cost effectiveness analysis of wingship combatants." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1994. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA286210.
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Thesis (M.S. in Aeronautical Engineering) Naval Postgraduate School, September 1994.<br>Thesis advisor(s): Conrad F. Newberry. "September 1994." Includes bibliographical references. Also available online.
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Sharifi, Husham. "Cost Effectiveness Analysis in Orthopaedic Surgery." Yale University, 2010. http://ymtdl.med.yale.edu/theses/available/etd-03302010-163307/.
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The purpose of this thesis was to explore the use of cost effectiveness for interventions in orthopaedics. This was done through three cost effectiveness articles that have been published by the author. In each of these articles, similar methodologies were used. Decision models were constructed for cost-effectiveness analyses of competing orthopaedic interventions. Outcome probabilities and effectiveness values were derived from the literature. Effectiveness was expressed in quality adjusted life years gained. Cost data were compiled and verified from either hospital cost data or from Medicare data. Costs and utilities were discounted in accord with the United States Panel on Cost Effectiveness in Health and Medicine. Principal outcome measures were average incremental costs, incremental effectiveness, incremental quality-adjusted life years, and, in the case of one article, net health benefits. In particular the articles compared the following: 1. Core decompression versus conservative management for osteonecrosis of the hip as a way to delay hip replacement; 2. Total knee arthroplasty versus unicompartmental knee arthroplasty; and 3. Periacetabular osteotomy versus total hip arthroplasty for a young adult with developmental dysplasia of the hip. The more cost effective intervention was identified in each case, along with implications of the results for clinical and operative decision-making. Cost effectiveness was found to be a useful tool in orthopaedic surgery under limited circumstances of either scarce data on new interventions or the need to use more resources to achieve greater effectiveness. It also can provide excellent insight into ways to direct future clinical research.
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Mantopoulos, Theodoros. "Incorporating covariates in cost-effectiveness analysis." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2017. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.768195.
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Ballman, Karla V. "Cost-effectiveness of smart traffic signals." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/13829.
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Thom, Howard Henry Zappe. "Structural uncertainty in cost-effectiveness models." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648265.
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Jackson, Thomas William. "The cost effectiveness of electronic communication." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2001. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7555.
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Electronic communication is becoming an integral part of the communication structure within organisations, but the costs and benefits are not being assessed. Communication by email is usually assumed to be an efficient and effective means of sending messages. However, on analysis the process is seen to be much more complex and much less efficient than is normally assumed. Communication is carried out in many different forms, but the common underlying motive of communication is to improve working practices and to increase productivity. As communication pervades nearly everything we do, even small improvements in the effectiveness and cost of our communication processes can have significant benefits. The aim of this research was to analyse the cost effectiveness of using email and to suggest ways in which the cost effectiveness can be improved. A number of studies have been conducted into the cost effectiveness of email within organisations. The studies were carried out mainly at the Danwood Group, the company sponsoring the author's PhD research. The Danwood Group has just over 500 employees at 19 sites around the UK and its head office is based in Lincoln, where all of the email case studies in this thesis where undertaken. The Danwood Group retails office equipment, predominately photocopiers. Email behaviour was monitored by the use of software at the Danwood Group. This raised a number of questions on the ethical issues of electronic monitoring. This thesis explores these issues and proposes a set of guidelines to allow electronic monitoring within strict professional and ethical guidelines. The Danwood Group studies examined how and when email was used. It was found that, when the company first started using email, over two thirds of messages were non-business-related, though this dropped to less than half in a few months. It was also found that many messages could be delivered in one line of text. A one-line message service was introduced and this was found to save employee time for both senders and receivers of the messages. A costing formula was developed measuring the human cost of operating email messaging. The final study was to determine how long it took employees to recover and return to normal work after an email interruption and this was compared with published data for telephone interrupts. From these results a set of guidelines were developed to enable companies to make the most efficient use of email. The thesis concludes by identifying further areas of research into email usage that would help give a better understanding of methods to enable email to become even more cost effective.
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Yang, Zhi, and 楊治. "Essays on China's collectively-owned enterprises." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B40687417.
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Perera, Attanayake A. D. A. J. "Cost effective designs." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1989. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7085.
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Different cost effective design methods have been developed to reduce the cost of buildings, of which structural optimum design methods and cost effective designs methods using estimating data, are the most common. However, there is no record of the use of cost effective design methods in practice. Consequently, potential benefits of such methods remain untapped. This research evaluated the cost savings through cost effective design methods, identified difficulties involved in their use and examined favourable conditions for the implementation of such methods in design practice. The research aimed at investigating whether or not the opinion among practising designers, (structural engineers and architects) that "cost benefits through cost effective designs are insignificant and methods are not practical" is justified. Previous researchers have developed cost effective design methods, but very little has been done to change the opinion of building designers regarding these methods. A proper evaluation of cost effective design methods and a study of the design process are therefore necessary to gain the attention of designers in practice. The opinion among practising designers is that cost savings through optimum methods are less than 10% of elemental cost and 1% of total building cost. The analysis of cost savings of 22 historical buildings have shown that this is not the case. Optimum design methods using the computer to find the minimum cost from a set of feasible designs were developed for reinforced concrete elements; slabs, beams, columns and independent footing foundations. These optimum methods were applied to the design of 22 historical buildings. More than 10% of elemental cost savings were observed. 2.91% of total building cost can be saved using optimum methods for design of reinforced concrete elements, which is more than 45% of the total design fee of a building. The study proved that for a given building, probabilities of total building cost saving exceeding 1%, 2% and 3% are 0.96, 0.79 and 0.47 respectively. Design and build contracts provide not only a facility but also an incentive, to designers to use cost effective design methods. On the contrary, percentage fee contracts act as a disincentive. Therefore, the legal procedures in design practice, may sometimes serve as obstacles for the use of cost effective design methods. Furthermore, current design practice lacks motivating factors to designers to use cost effective design methods. Therefore building construction industry may need to pay additional fee to get benefits from cost effective design methods.
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Li, Yuen-mei Emmy, and 李琬微. "Cost-effectiveness of treating normal tension glaucoma." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45173114.
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Arbel, Giora. "Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness evaluation of an advanced artillery weapon system." Thesis, Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 1992. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA257477.
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Thesis (M.S. in Operations Research)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 1992.<br>Thesis Advisor: Boger, D. C. "September 1992." Description based on title screen as viewed on April 22, 2009. Includes bibliographical references (p. 90). Also available in print.
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Fryatt, Robert John. "Cost effectiveness of TB services in Nepal." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.243793.
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Dowson, Henry Malcolm Pollock. "The cost effectiveness of laparoscopic colorectal surgery." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.529441.
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Mroczek, Austin J. "Determining the cost effectiveness of nano-satellites." Thesis, Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/43959.
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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited<br>Nano-satellites have grown in popularity and capability since the 1990s. Over ninety were launched into low earth orbit between November 2013 and January 2014. Various Department of Defense services and agencies, including the Department of the Navy, have funded a number of demonstration missions that are being evaluated for military utility. While nano-satellites cost significantly less than traditional space missions, they also provide less capability. A quantitative method is required to determine the cost-effectiveness of nano-satellite missions to inform naval decision-makers. This thesis develops a framework to compare the cost-effectiveness of nano-satellites. After examining different methods of quantifying small-satellite performance and cost, a generic cost-effectiveness model is developed. The model is demonstrated using two hypothetical scenarios where both nano-satellite and traditional satellite options are considered.
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Techakehakij, Win. "The cost-effectiveness of child obesity interventions." Thesis, University of York, 2011. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/1936/.
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Childhood obesity has increasingly come to be recognized as a health problem globally. A number of interventions have been implemented in the attempt to reduce the prevalence of obesity in children, involving both curative and preventive measures. Efforts to tackle childhood obesity take a variety of forms, including medicinal, behavioural, school-based, and other types of interventions. Despite considerable efforts to reduce childhood obesity, however, there is as of yet no evidence-based standard protocol for either treatment or prevention. One potential deterrent to the adoption of an intervention is the uncertainty of return on investment, due largely to unclear future benefits gained from the various interventions, as well as poor cost measurement. This is because most of the health benefits of child obesity interventions are not revealed until adulthood, making health gains from the interventions difficult to observe. Moreover, there is no method to assess the future medical costs saved due to the reduced prevalence of obesity in childhood. Modelling the costs and benefits of the interventions is therefore crucial, especially in making policy decisions as to which interventions are worth implementing using public funding. Cost-effectiveness analysis is an economic evaluation method used in resource allocation that compares the costs and benefits of competing alternatives. The author explores evidence regarding the cost-effectiveness of child obesity interventions, with the aim of making contributions to the existing body of knowledge in this field. The first chapter provides an overview of obesity in childhood, addressing such issues as epidemiology, definition, aetiology, and physical and social consequences. The author then conducts a literature review of the cost-effectiveness of child obesity interventions, with results showing that only a handful of high-quality published studies are available. In order to perform the cost-effectiveness analysis, MEND 7-13, a child obesity intervention that aims to treat obese children aged 7 to 13, is used as a case study. The author explores the background of the MEND 7-13 programme and assesses the extent to which various characteristics of participants affect the benefits uptake of the programme. The data used in the analysis come from the MEND rollout phase, which lasted from January 2007 to December 2009 and included 6,828 participants, with an average follow-up duration of 10 weeks. The results showed that significant predictors of BMI change in White children are gender, programme attendance rate, and baseline BMI; for Asian children, the only significant predictor is having parents who own their own houses; no evidence of association is shown in Black children; and total attendance and gender are significant predictors in the ‘Other’ group. The results also showed that the programme centre influences the change in BMI to some extent in all children. The effectiveness of the MEND rollout programme, derived from the MEND rollout data, is used in the cost-effectiveness analysis. An economic modelling technique is developed and employed based on the assumption that MEND 7-13 is available to all children who meet the eligibility criteria in England in 2010. The intervention costs and medical costs saved due to the programme are estimated to be £551.2 million and £216 million, respectively. 200,910 incremental QALYs are gained, leading to an estimated ICER of £1,668.2 per QALY. The author performs a sensitivity analysis using Monte Carlo methods to assess the effect of parameter uncertainty on the cost-effectiveness outcomes. The strengths and weaknesses of the economic modelling techniques are then discussed, with emphasis on the knowledge contributed by this thesis to the existing literature. The author also points out the research and policy implications of the results, alongside recommendations for future research.
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Moore, Adam Mousley. "Relational Diagnosis and Psychotherapy Treatment Cost Effectiveness." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2011. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2927.
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Despite a call by researchers for estimates of the treatment clinical and cost effectiveness for relational problems, very little has been done to answer this call. The present study is an examination of actual treatment costs and recidivism rates for patients treated for a relational problem (either in individual or conjoint therapy sessions) in the CIGNA network. Despite the fact that this study compares treatment provider cost-effectiveness for treating relational problems, analyses do not control for average amounts paid by provider license type. Policymakers and third-party payers may use such clinical-effectiveness and cost-effectiveness data to make decisions regarding treatment of relational problems and funding allocation. The present study is also the first to compare the costs of couples therapy versus family therapy for relational problems.
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Moye, William Andrew. "Cost-effectiveness Analysis of Preimplantation Genetic Screening." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4806.
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In vitro fertilization (IVF) is used to help infertile couples achieve a live birth. Clinical studies have suggested that multiple, consecutive cycles of IVF can increase live birth rate significantly. Others have documented improved live birth rates from the use of new laboratory techniques for preimplantation genetic screening (PGS). This genetic screening technique seeks to determine the ploidy of the embryo prior to implantation into the woman. To date, no study has examined the cost-effectiveness of using IVF in conjunction with PGS compared to that of IVF alone for 3 consecutive cycles in achieving a live birth. This study compared the incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICER) from each intervention arm based on the clinical probabilities for each outcome and this study was grounded in the protection motivation theory. Costs were obtained from secondary sources, such as the literature and government databases. The model was constructed using a decision-analytical approach that allowed for z test statistical analysis of the outcomes, where the ICER is the dependent variable and the independent variables are the 2 interventions. The robustness of the model was tested through univariate and probabilistic sensitivity analysis and stratified by age groups. The results showed that PGS with IVF was cost-effective for women aged under 40 and women aged 40-42, but not for women over 42. Based on a willingness-to-pay threshold of $100,000, IVF with PGS was the most cost-effective strategy in all age groups. The positive social change implication of this study is such that understanding the costs associated with a new technology to achieve a live birth is significant for society to help guide clinical treatment of these patients.
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Chalmers, Malcolm G. "Spending to save: Retrospective Case Studies." University of Bradford, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/3628.
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yes<br>The key questions to be addressed in this study are:
¿ with the benefit of hindsight, what conflict prevention `packages¿ could the international community have designed in order to minimise the probability of the conflicts that actually took place?
¿ how much would have been saved if these packages had been implemented, given reasonable estimates about their costs, compared with the actual cost of conflict and post-conflict intervention.
The first section provides a background to the conflicts. This is followed by an assessment of the levels of resources that the international community has committed to the Western Balkans since 1991. The third part of the study provides two hypothetical scenarios for CP interventions that might have restrained conflict from breaking out. These CP packages are then costed and an assessment of their probability of success is made.
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Collier, Corey M. Kacala Jeffrey C. "A cost-effectiveness analysis of tactical satellites, high-altitude long-endurance airships, and high and medium altitude unmanned aerial systems for ISR and communication missions." Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2008. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2008/Sept/08Sep%5FCollier.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Space Systems Operations)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2008.<br>Thesis Advisor(s): Welch, William J. "September 2008." Description based on title screen as viewed on November 5, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. ). Also available in print.
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Walleser, Silke. "The cost-effectiveness of screening for chlamydia trachomatis." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2005. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/27921.
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Objective: The aim of this study is to examine the cost—effectiveness of a
hypothetical screening programme for chlamydia trachomatis compared to no
screening, based on annual opportunistic testing of all women 25 years of age or
younger consulting a GP.
Methods: A decision-analytic modelling approach is used to determine the
incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (lCER) of screening compared to no screening
over 25 years. The analysis measures Australian health care costs and benefits are
assessed in terms of quality adjusted life years (QALYs).
Results: The analysis resulted in a cost per QALY of $2,968 for screening.
Univariate sensitivity analyses on all model variables show a wide range for the
cost-effectiveness, from dominance (where screening is effective and saves money
overall) to an ICER of $20,359 per QALY.
Conclusions: This study is the first to present the cost-effectiveness of screening
for Chlamydia in Australia, which compares favourably to other interventions
currently funded. However, the model results reflect uncertainties around the
effectiveness of screening and natural history of chlamydia and consequently, any
conclusions on whether screening for chlamydia is a worthwhile intervention cannot
be drawn at this stage.
Implications: Further primary data collection is needed on the natural history of
Chlamydia and on the effectiveness of screening, to be established by a randomised
controlled trial.
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Burkamshaw, Leon Keith. "Towards a low-cost quadrotor research platform." Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 2010. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2010/Mar/10Mar%5FBurkamshaw.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Software Engineering)--Naval Postgraduate School, March 2010.<br>Thesis Advisor(s): Horner, Douglas. Second Reader: Michael James B. "March 2010." Description based on title screen as viewed on April 27, 2010. Author(s) subject terms: Rapid application development, quadrotor helicopter, quadcopter, inertial measurement unit, digital signal processing, Nintendo Wii Motionplus, dsPIC. Includes bibliographical references (p. 65-66). Also available in print.
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Shearon, Blane T. "The cost effectiveness of West Coast Distributed Simulation Training for the Pacific Fleet." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2001. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA406612.
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Thesis (M.S. in Management) Naval Postgraduate School, Dec. 2001.<br>Thesis advisor(s): San Miguel, Joseph G.; Hatch, William D. II. "December 2001." Includes bibliographical references (p. 171-175). Also available in print.
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Kavaliauskienė, Liubov. "Analysis of the cost-effectiveness and costs rationalization of antidepressants consumption in Lithuania." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2013. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2013~D_20130222_153819-30983.
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In recent years, there has been much debate regarding the rationality of consumption and cost effectiveness of antidepressants. The economic aspects of treating depression are becoming more frequently evaluated as newer antidepressants become available and as healthcare entities attempt to address increasing costs. The aim of the research. To investigate and assess the possibilities of a more rational use of the public and private funds of the Lithuanian population in the cases of medicament depression treatment. The tasks of the research: 1. To perform a comparative analysis of the antidepressant consumption in the years 2004 to 2009 in Lithuania. 2. To evaluate depression diagnosis and treatment effectiveness and depression diagnosis dynamics in Lithuania from 2004 to 2009. 3. To perform antidepressant cost analysis from 2004 to 2009 in Lithuania. 4. To perform the cost-effectiveness analysis of depression treatment and propose the possible ways for costs rationalization. Scientific novelty of the research. For the first time, depression relapse rate was used as a medicament depression treatment effectiveness evaluation indicator in assessing the rationality of the costs of treatment with antidepressants. The survey data can be used in practice when dealing with antidepressants consumption and the improvement of the effectiveness of evaluation and reimbursement systems in Lithuania.<br>Pastaraisiais metais kyla daug diskusijų dėl antidepresantų panaudojimo racionalumo bei sąnaudų efektyvumo. Rinkoje atsirandant naujiems antidepresantams vis dažniau analizuojami ekonominiai depresijos gydymo aspektai, o sveikatos priežiūros sektoriaus valdymo institucijos bando spręsti išlaidų didėjimo problemą. Darbo tikslas. Ištirti ir įvertinti galimybes racionaliau naudoti viešąsias ir privačias Lietuvos gyventojų lėšas vaistams, skiriamiems medikamentiniam depresijos atvejų gydymui. Darbo uždaviniai. 1. Atlikti lyginamąją antidepresantų sunaudojimo 2004–2009 m. Lietuvoje analizę. 2. Įvertinti depresijos diagnozavimo ir gydymo efektyvumą bei depresijos diagnozavimo dinamiką Lietuvoje 2004–2009 m. 3. Atlikti išlaidų antidepresantams per 2004–2009 m. Lietuvoje analizę. 4. Atlikti depresijos gydymo sąnaudų efektyvumo analizę ir pateikti galimus išlaidų racionalizavimo būdus. Darbo mokslinis naujumas ir praktinė reikšmė. Vertinant gydymo antidepresantais išlaidų racionalumą, pirmą kartą kaip medikamentinio depresijos atvejų efektyvaus gydymo vertinimo indikatorius buvo panaudotas depresijos pasikartojimo rodiklis. Tyrimo rezultatai gali būti naudojami praktikoje, nagrinėjant antidepresantų panaudojimą, sąnaudų efektyvumo vertinimą ir kompensavimo sistemos tobulinimą Lietuvoje.
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Harris, Neil J. "Contractors and the cost of war: research into economic and cost-effectiveness arguments." Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/10071.
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MBA Professional Report<br>Since the end of the Cold War, the Department of Defense has led unprecedented efforts in outsourcing and privatization. Empirically, private firms offer efficiency incentives and cost savings which are maximized in competitive markets. Recent contingency operations have underscored the importance of contractors, as evidenced by the number and magnitude of reconstruction contracts. In turn, utilizing private contractors has raised questions regarding their true cost-effectiveness. This research highlights the key features of the private military industry from an economic perspective. After revisiting DoD's initial objectives for outsourcing many of their traditionally inhouse roles, an assessment is made to whether current efforts are based primarily on capability or financially-driven constraints. The economics of privatization are subsequently explored, with particular emphasis on current contracting efforts. The research will provide deeper insight to contract valuation, industry competitiveness, and cost effectiveness arguments. Despite their current controversies, a case is made that contractors are cost effective given their inherent flexibility. The argument becomes stronger after considering the military's relevant alternatives to using private military companies.
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Deichert, Martin K. "United States Marine Corps personal discount rates as evidenced from voluntary separation payment programs." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2006. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/06Mar%5FDeichert.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Management)--Naval Postgraduate School, March 2006.<br>Thesis Advisor(s): Nayantara D. Hensel, Kathryn M. Kocher. "March 2006." Includes bibliographical references (p. 103-104). Also available online.
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Syvertson, Tracey L. "Cost effectiveness analysis comparing two medical imaging technologies." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1995. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA302992.
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Thesis (M.S. in Management) Naval Postgraduate School, June 1995.<br>Thesis advisor(s): William R. Gates, John Robert Barrios-Choplin. "June 1995." Bibliography: p. 51-52. Also available online. Mode of access: World Wide Web. System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader.
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Hibbard, Rustie L. "Satellite on-orbit refueling : a cost effectiveness analysis /." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1996. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA319243.
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Thesis (M.S. in Systems Technology (Space Systems Operations)) Naval Postgraduate School, September 1996.<br>Thesis advisor(s): Dan C. Boger. "September 1996." Includes bibliographical references (p. 89-90). Also available online.
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Dinh, Ngoc-Thy. "The Cost-Effectiveness of Screening Mammography in Canada." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32325.
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This work includes a series of studies that examines the health and economic impacts of screening mammography from international and Canadian perspectives. This work is a compendium of several researched chapters that include an introduction, four body chapters, and a discussion. The body chapters include a systematic review of the health economic literature on screening mammography, a review of quantitative models used to examine the consequences of breast cancer screening, and cost-effectiveness analyses of screening mammography programs in Canada for the general female population and for subgroups of the population at high-risk for breast cancer. There are three analytic chapters that will be submitted as manuscripts for peer-reviewed publication. The main results of this research show that current screening mammography practices in Canada may extend life at an acceptable cost to the health care system. Due to the outlined methodological limitations of this research the results should be interpreted with caution.
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Johansson, Mikael. "Cost effectiveness of sterilization logistics Västernorrland County Council." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för teknik och naturvetenskap, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-94495.
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As a result of the current global financial recession public health care in Sweden is receiving less subsidies from the Government. These circumstances call for logistic improvements in order to slash health care costs and retain high quality service. This thesis is commisioned by Västernorrland County Council and comprises the sterilization logistics at the three county hospitals. The focal point of the thesis is the flow of material and information between the sterilization department (supplier) and the operating department (internal customer). There are currently one sterilzation department at each of the three hospitals with responsibilities to sterilize and deliver operating instruments to their customers. The operating departments are the largest customers in terms of revenue and quantity. To decribe the present situation of the flow of material and infomartion an account of the business has been conducted and analyzed with logistics methods. Furthermore, the commisioner expressed a desire of investigating prevailing conditions for implementing pull based production into the organisation and consequences of having external transports between hospitals (if a production facility was to be shut down). Moreover, conditions for implenting lean principles into the organisation have been surveyed. When analyzing the flow of material and information some problem areas have been identified. The current break down of responsibility for the product flow between supplier and customer may cause multiple unnecessary control check points, whereas alloting one of the departments with responsibility of the majority of the flow might be more favourable for overall performance. Furthermore, capital occupied in stock are high and so is the ratio of resterilization of unused products. The results of the external transports study was ambigous as the facility costs for the Örnsköldsvik and Sollefteå sterilization departments were similar. Therefore, further work is needed to establish what functions are required at the hospital where production might be shut down. However, transports in favour of local production show great potential for decreasing overall costs. This study also show that conditions for implementation of lean principles within sterilization activities in Västernorrland City Council are not optimal. However, present push based production is causing high stock levels. Any changes in ways of production must be designed to accompany safety guidelines enforced by the operating department.<br>Sjukvården är en del av offentlig sektor som drabbats av den rådande ekonomiska lågkonjunkturen i form av bland annat minskade anslagsnivåer. Därför finns anledning att försöka hitta vägar att förbättra verksamheten. Steriliseringslogistik vid länets tre sjukhus är det område som studerats i denna rapport på uppdrag av Landstinget Västernorrland. Fokus har framför allt riktats mot material- och informationsflödet mellan sterilcentral (leverantör) och operationsavdelning (intern kund). Sterilcentralerna (en vid varje sjukhus) ansvarar för sterilisering och leverans av operationsinstrument till sina kunder där operationsavdelningarna vid respektive sjukhus utgör de största kunderna. Studien är gjord med hjälp av en nulägesbeskrivning innehållande bland annat flödeskartläggning som sedan analyserats med olika logistiska metoder och verktyg. Från uppdragsgivarens sida fanns det uttalat önskemål att utreda förutsättningar för att införa behovsstyrning i produktion samt effekter av att låta externa transporter i egen regi mellan sjukhusen ersätta lokal produktion vid någon av orterna Örnsköldsvik och/eller Sollefteå. Vidare utreds förutsättningar för implementation av produktionsfilosofin lean i verksamheten. Några problemområden som identifierats är ansvarsfördelningen mellan leverantör och kund för sterilgodset i materialflödet, tendenser till funktionstänkande mellan avdelningarna, hög kapitalbindning i färdigvaruförråd och hög andel inkuranta produkter i förråd. För studien av externa transporter blev resultatet inte entydigt rörande vilket alternativ (Örnsköldsvik eller Sollefteå) som genererar den största potentiella kostnadsbesparingen vid eventuell nedläggning, då kostnadsbilden för de båda sterilcentralerna är snarlik. Resultatet från studien ger dock en fingervisning om att transporter som ersättning för lokal produktion kan innebära betydande kostnadsbesparingar för verksamheten. Tider av ekonomisk lågkonjunktur gör det särskilt svårt att blunda för detta. Studien visar också att sterilverksamheten inte besitter optimala produktionsförutsättningar för lean-filosofin. Rådande tryckstyrning i produktion vid sterilcentralerna ger dock upphov till hög kapitalbindning i färdigvaruförråd varför logistiska incitament för förändringar i produktionssätt finns. Förändringar i produktionssätt måste dock utformas i balans med de speciella säkerhetskrav som ställs på den opererande verksamheten vid sjukhusen.
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Lockhart, Janine. "Managing absenteeism for improved productivity and cost-effectiveness." Thesis, Cape Technikon, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1013.
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Thesis (Mtech(Business Administration)--Cape Technikon, Cape Town, 2001<br>The researcher identified an absenteeism problem at the Cape Technikon
Library and sees the effect of it on a daily basis. It is a costly and disruptive
problem and places unnecessary pressure on staff that are at work. From
the outset, companies might not realise the cost of absenteeism until they
actually measure it. Absenteeism of other staff members create various
problems such as low morale, increased stress, break in team work, etc.
between the staff that are at work. To reduce the absenteeism rate, certain
measures and control systems should be put in place. Absenteeism can
either be addressed by putting a reward system in place or making use of
punishment contingencies, or using a combination of both. If staff members
see that other staff members get away with excessive absenteeism, they will
soon follow. Within the context of the Cape Technikon Library, a culture of
absenteeism has been created and it is not easy to break that culture. This
study considered possible reasons for the absenteeism as well as possible
solutions. To improve productivity and cost-effectiveness, the Gross
Absence Rate (GAR) should be less than 3% (Van der Merwe: 1988:25).
According to Van der Merwe (1988:25) an absence rate of 10% is extremely
serious and any absence rate of more than 5% should be regarded as an
indicator of a situation needing further investigation. An absence rate of less
than 3% can be regarded as satisfactory, although capable of furtherimprovement. On some days the absenteeism rate at the Cape Technikon
Library is approximately 12%.
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Carrigan, Amanda Jane. "Determining the Cost-Effectiveness of Preventive Health Services." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/146241.
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The purpose of the thesis was to explore the issues surrounding the cost and implementation of prevention. Specifically, methods for determining cost-effectiveness and measuring the health benefits conferred from prevention were explored and services that have been determined to be cost-effective were discussed. Through interviews with health care professionals, administrators, and public health professors, perceptions of the benefits and costs of prevention were explored. Barriers to the implementation of prevention were discussed. The thesis concludes with suggestions on steps that health care providers and policy-makers can take to improve the health of the U.S. population through prevention.
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Jumper, Travis. "Cost-Effectiveness of Virtual Reality in Agriculture Mechanics." OpenSIUC, 2012. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/855.
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The purpose of this study was to determine the baseline data for the incorporation of virtual reality in agriculture mechanics. The study was a census survey of the 320 agriculture education programs within the state of Illinois. This study first sought to establish four main goals: 1) identify the demographics of the instructors and the students that were enrolled in the course; 2) the average cost to run a welding program per student per hour; 3) the amount of savings to the welding budget there would have to be for the instructors to consider the use of a virtual reality welding simulator; 4) the willingness of the instructors to incorporate different forms of technology into the welding curriculum. This study found there was a positive opinion about virtual reality and similar technologies but, the cost of the virtual reality welding simulator needed to dramatically decrease in order to incorporate them into agriculture mechanics and be a cost-effective form of training.
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Edmunds, Kim. "Cost-effectiveness of exercise medicine for prostate cancer." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2021. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2405.
Full textAbstract:
Background
Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is associated with numerous adverse effects that impact on quality of life and contribute further to the cost burden of prostate cancer (PCa) via treatment and supportive care. Exercise medicine is effective in slowing PCa progression, reversing treatment adverse effects and improving quality of life and survival of patients, however, no economic analyses have been conducted to determine whether exercise is cost-effective in this population.
Objectives
Firstly, to examine the adverse effects of ADT for PCa and the evidence supporting the use of exercise medicine in their management. Secondly, to conduct the first economic evaluations of exercise medicine in the management of the adverse effects of ADT for PCa to strengthen the evidence base for the development of effective health policy around exercise and PCa survivorship.
Methods
A systematic review was conducted to determine the incidence of the adverse effects of ADT for PCa. A rapid review examined the role of exercise in managing these adverse effects. Three economic evaluations were then conducted to determine the cost-effectiveness of supervised exercise for men with PCa receiving ADT. Two trial-based cost-effectiveness analyses (CEAs) compared exercise training and usual care (a suggestion to exercise). The first involved a preliminary randomised controlled trial (RCT) of exercise for 20 men with metastatic PCa. A value of information (VOI) analysis was also conducted to examine the need for and value of a larger trial. The second CEA involved a RCT of exercise for men previously treated with radiation therapy and ADT. For the third economic evaluation, a decision analytic Markov model was constructed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of an exercise intervention in preventing falls and fractures for men with localised or locally advanced PCa receiving ADT. All economic analyses were conducted from a healthcare payer perspective and the primary outcome measure was quality adjusted life years (QALYs) gained. Uncertainty in the results was explored using deterministic univariate and probabilistic sensitivity analysis where appropriate.
Results
The systematic review generated incidence evidence for nine adverse effect groups and 19 sub-groups, with statistically significant increased risks in 17 sub-groups. The rapid review revealed that exercise was effective in improving body composition, physical function and fatigue, as well as mitigating the bone loss, sexual dysfunction and psychosocial effects associated with ADT. The first within-trial CEA of exercise for men with metastatic PCa resulted in an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of $133,509 and a 30% probability of being cost-effective after three months at a willingness-to-pay of AU$50,000. VOI analysis suggested further research is likely to be cost-effective to conduct. The second within-trial CEA of exercise for men who received radiation therapy and adjuvant ADT for localised PCa resulted in an ICER of $64,235 and a 41 per cent probability of cost-effectiveness after six months at a willingness-to-pay of AU$50,000. For the modelled cost-utility analysis, the exercise intervention dominated usual care (a suggestion to exercise), as it was less costly and more effective. Net monetary benefit (NMB) was $102,112 and probabilistic sensitivity analysis showed a 58% probability of cost-effectiveness at a willingness-to-pay of AU$50,000.
Conclusion
This research is the first to examine the cost-effectiveness of exercise for men with PCa receiving ADT. Supervised exercise is effective in managing many adverse effects of PCa treatment and cost saving in preventing falls and fractures. Future efforts need to focus on strengthening the evidence base in exercise for ADT adverse effect management. Uncertainty in economic evaluation can be reduced with more comprehensive cost and outcome data, longer follow up and larger sample sizes. This research has the potential to translate into changes in clinical practice, better informed policy decisions, cost savings for healthcare payers, and ultimately, better health and quality of life for PCa patients, survivors and their families.
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Foster, John R. "Cost factors in software maintenance." Thesis, Durham University, 1993. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/1561/.
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Hamilton, Andrew James. "The effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a Northern Ireland public access defibrillation project." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.527927.
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Goodacre, S. W. "The effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of Chest Pain Observation Unit versus routine care." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.269396.
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Douglas, Mary Elizabeth. "Cost analysis and balance-of-plant of a solid oxide fuel cell/gas turbine combined cycle." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/17960.
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Clowes, Brian Woodbridge. "Simplified Framework Evaluation of Large Water Resource Project Impacts." PDXScholar, 1988. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1203.
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The document most frequently used to support a water resource project's economic feasibility is the commercial benefit-cost analysis, which quantifies tangible and direct project consequences. The objective of this type of analysis is simply to maximize net monetary benefits. This analysis assigns an arbitrary monetary value to ecological and social disruptions, if it does not ignore these effects entirely. An improvement on this method is the social benefit-cost analysis, which assesses sane intangible costs such as air and noise pollution. Unfortunately, even the social analysis usually neglects the sometimes profound effects that a large water resource project has upon quality of life, particularly with regards to massive relocations. The purpose of this dissertation is to resolve these problems by presenting a method by which a water resource study team may use five unique viewpoints - technical, organizational, personal, social, and environmental - to quantify and compare the true benefits and costs of project construction and operation. The study team begins by rigorously documenting the three general categories of project consequence (economic, social and environmental) and assigning each benefit or cost a relative value within category according to perceived positive or negative effects. The second step is to use these quantifications to produce three impact vs. dam height curves. The final and most difficult step in this study process is to assign a relative weight to the respective economic, social, and enviromental impact clusters, depending on national priorities and the biases and personal viewpoints of the decisiomaker (s). The final product of this procedure is a single curve which is used to further investigate and assess the overall feasibility of a water resource project and the 'optimum' range of dam heights. All of the possible impacts of a large water resource project, whether they be tangible or intangible, should be investigated in order to produce an authentic indicator of project efficiency. The only way to insure that all impacts are properly accounted for is to perform an exhaustive examination of a water resource project from the five perspectives mentioned above. The body of this dissertation is an example analysis based upon the proposed Three Gorge Dam and Reservoir on the Yangtze River in the People's Republic of China. This project will be the world's largest power plant at 13,000 megawatts. Because of its size, anticipated impacts, and the interest it has generated all over the world, the Three Gorge project is considered the ideal subject of a comprehensive multiple perspective analysis as described in this study.
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麥永靑 and Wing-ching Sarah Mak. "Cost-benefits analysis of certified environmental management systems." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31254093.
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Chalmers, Malcolm G. "Spending to save: Is conflict prevention cost-effective." University of Bradford, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/3626.
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Yes<br>The objective of this study is to provide an evidence base concerning the costs and benefits of conflict prevention (CP) activities (defined as those activities undertaken primarily to reduce the risk of conflict), compared with those of engaging after large-scale conflict has begun.
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Chia, Wee Lee. "Enhancement of the acquisition process for a combat system a case study to model the workflow processes for an Air Defense System Acquisition." Thesis, Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2009/Dec/09Dec%5FChia%5FWee%20Lee.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Computer Science)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2009.<br>Thesis Advisor(s): Michael, James Bret ; Shing, Man-Tak. "December 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on February 01, 2010. Author(s) subject terms: Acquisition process, concept-refinement phase, GQM Method, use case analysis, activity diagram, workflow process, StateChart Assertions, runtime execution monitoring. Includes bibliographical references (p. 45-47). Also available in print.
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Bolls, Matthew L. "Analysis of elements of the Continuous Monitoring Program." Thesis, Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2009/Dec/09Dec%5FBolls.pdf.
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Thesis (M.B.A.)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2009.<br>Thesis Advisor(s): Euske, Kenneth J. ; Mutty, John E. "December 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on January 28, 2010. Author(s) subject terms: Ticonderoga Class Cruiser, Oliver Hazard Perry Frigate, Continuous Monitoring Program (CMP), operating target (OPTAR), other consumable (SO), repair parts (SR), and administrative (SX), sub-account. Includes bibliographical references (p. 81-82). Also available in print.
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Neto, NapoleÃo Moura Dias. "Study of cost-effectiveness and cost-utility antihypertensive drugs used in hiperdia peaked - PI." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2009. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=4226.
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nÃo hÃ<br>Hypertension is a major cause of cardiovascular disease and study the costeffectiveness and cost-utility of anti-hypertensive drugs are rare in Brazil. This paper is a study of type pharmacoeconomic cost-effectiveness and cost-utility analysis of patients enrolled in the program HiperDia the municipality of Picos â PI in the period 20/8/2009 to 30/10/2009. We analyzed the direct costs of
treatment, considering only the price of antiretroviral drugs, the effectiveness as measured by mean reduction in blood pressure in mm Hg and the utility measured by the degree of patient satisfaction with treatment. The patients
chosen were registered in HiperDia by these make use of standard drugs for the program. The patient underwent a questionnaire and during the interview was checked for blood pressure, and compared with the initial blood pressure of patients registered in a standardized form to register for the program HiperDia.Com on the data obtained were analyzed pharmacoeconomic cost effectiveness-checking the percentage of patients who had controlled BP <140 mmHg/90 mmHg; percentage of patients who changed their stage of hypertension in the transition matrix, the sum of changes in SBP and DBP between the entry into the program and the status and cost-utility with the percentage of patients who reported a marked improvement with treatment.
Propranolol that although fewer prescription was better than the costeffectiveness and cost-utility, when combined with HCTZ came to have the best performance in the transition matrix, with the largest number of patients with
some level of improvement in hypertension.<br>A hipertensÃo à uma das principais causas de doenÃas cardiovasculares, e o estudo sobre custo-efetividade e custo-utilidade de medicamentos antihipertensivos à raro no Brasil. Neste trabalho, à realizado um estudo farmacoeconÃmico do tipo custo-efetividade e custo-utilidade de pacientes
cadastrados no programa HiperDia, no municÃpio de Picos â PI, no perÃodo de 20/8/2009 a 30/10/2009. Foram analisados os custos diretos do tratamento, considerando apenas o preÃo dos medicamentos anti-hipertensivos, a efetividade medida pela reduÃÃo mÃdia da pressÃo arterial em mmHg e a
utilidade medida pelo grau de satisfaÃÃo dos pacientes ao tratamento. Os pacientes escolhidos eram cadastrados no HiperDia em virtude de fazerem uso de medicamentos padronizados pelo programa. O paciente foi submetido a um
questionÃrio fechado e no momento da entrevista foi verificada a sua pressÃo arterial, sendo comparada com a pressÃo arterial inicial do paciente registrado em ficha padronizada ao se cadastrar no programa HiperDia. Com base nos dados obtidos, foram analisados farmacoeconomicamente o custo-efetividade, verificando o percentual de pacientes que tiveram a PA controlada < 140 mmHg/90 mmHg; percentual de pacientes que mudaram de estÃgio de
hipertensÃo na matriz de transiÃÃo; soma da variaÃÃo da PAS e da PAD entre a entrada no programa e a condiÃÃo atual e anÃlise de custo-utilidade com percentual de pacientes que declararam uma melhora acentuada com o tratamento. O propranolol, embora tenha um menor nÃmero de prescriÃÃo,
apresentou o melhor resultado de custo-efetividade e custo-utilidade quando combinado com o HCTZ, vindo a ter o melhor desempenho na matriz de transiÃÃo, com o maior nÃmero de pacientes com alguma melhora de nÃvel de hipertensÃo.
Palavras-chave: Farmacoeconomia; Anti-hipertensivos; Custo-efetividade;
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Adetunji, Hamed Ademola. "A study of costs and cost-effectiveness estimation of hepatitis B immunisation in Nigeria." Thesis, London South Bank University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.312999.
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Yang, Shih-Hsien. "Effectivess of Using Geotextiles in Flexible Pavements: Life-Cycle Cost Analysis." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31442.
Full textAbstract:
Using geotextiles in secondary roads to stabilize weak subgrades has been a well accepted practice over the past thirty years. However, from an economical point of view, a complete life cycle cost analysis (LCCA), which includes not only costs to agencies but also costs to users, is urgently needed to assess the benefits of using geotextile in secondary road flexible pavement.
In this study, a comprehensive life cycle cost analysis framework was developed and used to quantify the initial and the future cost of 25 representative design alternatives. A 50 year analysis cycle was used to compute the cost-effectiveness ratio for the design methods. Four flexible pavement design features were selected to test the degree of influence of the frameâ s variables. The analysis evaluated these variables and examined their impact on the results.
The study concludes that the cost effectiveness ratio from the two design methods shows that the lowest cost-effectiveness ratio using Al-Qadiâ s design method is 1.7 and the highest is 3.2. The average is 2.6. For Perkinsâ design method, the lowest value is 1.01 and the highest value is 5.7. The average is 2.1. The study also shows when user costs are considered, the greater TBR value may not result in the most effective life-cycle cost. Hence, for an optimum secondary road flexible pavement design with geotextile incorporated in the system, a life cycle cost analysis that includes user cost must be performed.<br>Master of Science
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Tong, Ka-hang Matthew, and 湯嘉恆. "Cost-effectiveness of screening for chronic kidney disease: a systematic review." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45174179.
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