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Journal articles on the topic 'Cost of CO2 avoided'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 February 2022

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1

Escosa, Jesús M., and Luis M. Romeo. "Optimizing CO2 avoided cost by means of repowering." Applied Energy 86, no. 11 (2009): 2351–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2009.02.015.

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2

Gatti, Manuele, Emanuele Martelli, Daniele Di Bona, et al. "Preliminary Performance and Cost Evaluation of Four Alternative Technologies for Post-Combustion CO2 Capture in Natural Gas-Fired Power Plants." Energies 13, no. 3 (2020): 543. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13030543.

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The objective of this study is to assess the technical and economic potential of four alternative processes suitable for post-combustion CO2 capture from natural gas-fired power plants. These include: CO2 permeable membranes; molten carbonate fuel cells (MCFCs); pressurized CO2 absorption integrated with a multi-shaft gas turbine and heat recovery steam cycle; and supersonic flow-driven CO2 anti-sublimation and inertial separation. A common technical and economic framework is defined, and the performance and costs of the systems are evaluated based on process simulations and preliminary sizing

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3

Lee, Bong Jae, Jeong Il Lee, Soo Young Yun, Cheol-Soo Lim, and Young-Kwon Park. "Economic Evaluation of Carbon Capture and Utilization Applying the Technology of Mineral Carbonation at Coal-Fired Power Plant." Sustainability 12, no. 15 (2020): 6175. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12156175.

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Based on the operating data of a 40 tCO2/day (2 megawatt (MW)) class carbon capture and utilization (CCU) pilot plant, the scaled-up 400 tCO2/day (20 MW) class CCU plant at 500 MW power plant was economically analyzed by applying the levelized cost of energy analysis (LCOE) and CO2 avoided cost. This study shows that the LCOE and CO2 avoided cost for 400 tCO2/day class CCU plant of mineral carbonation technology were 26 USD/MWh and 64 USD/tCO2, representing low LCOE and CO2 avoided cost, compared to other carbon capture and storage CCS and CCU plants. Based on the results of this study, the LC

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Fimbres Weihs, G. A., and D. E. Wiley. "Steady-state design of CO2 pipeline networks for minimal cost per tonne of CO2 avoided." International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 8 (May 2012): 150–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2012.02.008.

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Gładysz, Paweł, Anna Sowiżdżał, Maciej Miecznik, Maciej Hacaga, and Leszek Pająk. "Techno-Economic Assessment of a Combined Heat and Power Plant Integrated with Carbon Dioxide Removal Technology: A Case Study for Central Poland." Energies 13, no. 11 (2020): 2841. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13112841.

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The objective of this study is to assess the techno-economic potential of the proposed novel energy system, which allows for negative emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2). The analyzed system comprises four main subsystems: a biomass-fired combined heat and power plant integrated with a CO2 capture and compression unit, a CO2 transport pipeline, a CO2-enhanced geothermal system, and a supercritical CO2 Brayton power cycle. For the purpose of the comprehensive techno-economic assessment, the results for the reference biomass-fired combined heat and power plant without CO2 capture are also presente

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Hamadeh, Hachem, Sannan Y. Toor, Peter L. Douglas, S. Mani Sarathy, Robert W. Dibble, and Eric Croiset. "Techno-Economic Analysis of Pressurized Oxy-Fuel Combustion of Petroleum Coke." Energies 13, no. 13 (2020): 3463. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13133463.

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Petroleum coke (petcoke) is a by-product of heavy petroleum refining, with heating values comparable to that of coal. It is readily available in oil-producing countries such as the United States of America (USA) and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) at minimum costs and can be used as an inexpensive fossil fuel for power generation. Oxy-petcoke combustion is an attractive CO2 capture option as it avoids the use of additional absorption units and chemicals, and results in a CO2 + H2O flue gas stream that is compressed and dehydrated in a CO2 capture and purification unit (CO2CPU). The additiona

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Calili, Rodrigo F., Reinaldo C. Souza, Alain Galli, Margaret Armstrong, and André Luis M. Marcato. "Estimating the cost savings and avoided CO2 emissions in Brazil by implementing energy efficient policies." Energy Policy 67 (April 2014): 4–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2013.09.071.

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8

Gardarsdottir, Stefania, Edoardo De Lena, Matteo Romano, et al. "Comparison of Technologies for CO2 Capture from Cement Production—Part 2: Cost Analysis." Energies 12, no. 3 (2019): 542. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12030542.

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This paper presents an assessment of the cost performance of CO2 capture technologies when retrofitted to a cement plant: MEA-based absorption, oxyfuel, chilled ammonia-based absorption (Chilled Ammonia Process), membrane-assisted CO2 liquefaction, and calcium looping. While the technical basis for this study is presented in Part 1 of this paper series, this work presents a comprehensive techno-economic analysis of these CO2 capture technologies based on a capital and operating costs evaluation for retrofit in a cement plant. The cost of the cement plant product, clinker, is shown to increase

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9

Zhuang, Quan, Philip Geddis, and Bruce Clements. "The Impact of Coal and Biomass Co-Firing on the Economy of Power Plant Carbon Capture." Advances in Sciences and Engineering 12, no. 2 (2020): 67–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.32732/ase.2020.12.2.67.

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A detailed economic evaluation was carried out to determine the impact of biomass and coal co-firing on power plant carbon capture by methods of plants equipment designing factors and performance, and the sum up of the associated breakdowns of CAPEX and OPEX. Based on the assumptions of the CO2 neutrality of biomass and likely governmental incentives to reduce CO2 emissions, the study results show that biomass and coal co-firing would result in both lower cost of carbon avoided (carbon capture) and lower incremental cost of electricity generation when MEA solvent carbon capture is applied. Two

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Mukundufite, Fabien, Jean Marie Vianney Bikorimana, Etienne Ntagwirumugara, and Alex Kyaruzi. "CO2 emission reduction and energy management for an integrated smart grid — Case of study: Rwandan electrical network." E3S Web of Conferences 181 (2020): 03002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202018103002.

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Many scholars have been focusing on the energy management by Integrating a smart grid into a conventional electrical grid. They have showed that to meet a certain power demand of the consumers, using energy management, the electric utility can turn on some generators, which may have the least operation cost, while the generators with high operation cost are left to supply extra load demand in specific peak periods. Henceforth, the operation cost of its generation units is minimized. The issue remains at a level of relating the energy management to CO2 emission. The present paper briefly discus

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Chiesa, Paolo, and Stefano Consonni. "Natural Gas Fired Combined Cycles With Low CO2 Emissions." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 122, no. 3 (2000): 429–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1287496.

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This paper assesses performances and economic viability of CO2 removal by chemical absorption from the flue gases of natural gas-fired Combined Cycles, more specifically for two configurations: one where CO2 is removed ahead of the stack without modifying the power cycle; the other where part of the flue gases is recirculated to the gas turbine, thereby reducing the flow to be treated by chemical absorption. In both cases sequestered CO2 is made available at conditions suitable to storage into deep oceanic waters. Performances and cost of electricity are evaluated for systems based on large, h

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Châtel-Pélage, Fabienne, Rajani Varagani, Pavol Pranda, et al. "Applications of oxygen for NOx control and CO2 capture in coal-fired power plants." Thermal Science 10, no. 3 (2006): 119–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci0603119c.

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Two promising combustion modification approaches applicable to pulverized coal fired boilers are presented: "Oxygen-Enriched Combustion" (OEC) for NOx control and "Oxy-Combustion" (PC-OC) for CO2 capture. Oxygen-enriched air rather than air is used as an oxidizer in the OEC technology. Unlike flue gas treatment technologies, OEC directly impacts the NOx formation process by significantly reducing the conversion of coal bound nitrogen to NOx. Pilot-scale and full-scale tests have shown 20 to 30% NOx reduction from an optimized staged-air baseline. In addition to the overall cost competitiveness

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Mikhailova, Elena A., Garth R. Groshans, Christopher J. Post, Mark A. Schlautman, and Gregory C. Post. "Valuation of Soil Organic Carbon Stocks in the Contiguous United States Based on the Avoided Social Cost of Carbon Emissions." Resources 8, no. 3 (2019): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/resources8030153.

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Soil organic carbon (SOC) generates several ecosystem services (ES), including a regulating service by sequestering carbon (C) as SOC. This ES can be valued based on the avoided social cost of carbon (SC-CO2) from the long-term damage resulting from emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2). The objective of this study was to assess the value of SOC stocks, based on the avoided SC-CO2 ($42 per metric ton of CO2 in 2007 U.S. dollars), in the contiguous United States (U.S.) by soil order, soil depth (0–20, 20–100, 100–200 cm), land resource region (LRR), state, and region using information from the Stat

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Groshans, Mikhailova, Post, Schlautman, and Zhang. "Determining the Value of Soil Inorganic Carbon Stocks in the Contiguous United States Based on the Avoided Social Cost of Carbon Emissions." Resources 8, no. 3 (2019): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/resources8030119.

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Carbon sequestered as soil inorganic carbon (SIC) provides a regulating ecosystem service, which can be assigned a monetary value based on the avoided social cost of carbon (SC-CO2). By definition, the SC-CO2 is a measure, in dollars, of the long-term damage resulting from the emission of a metric ton of carbon dioxide (CO2). Therefore, this dollar figure also represents the value of damages avoided due to an equivalent reduction or sequestration of CO2. The objective of this study was to assess the value of SIC stocks in the contiguous United States (U.S.) by soil order, soil depth (0–20, 20–

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15

Doreau, M., L. Bamière, S. Pellerin, M. Lherm, and M. Benoit. "Mitigation of enteric methane for French cattle: potential extent and cost of selected actions." Animal Production Science 54, no. 9 (2014): 1417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an14207.

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The purpose of this study was (i) to select options for enteric methane abatement in French conditions, while maintaining production and changing practices but not systems, and (ii) to evaluate the extent of abatement and its cost from 2010 to 2030. Two options were selected: supplying unsaturated fats, and using nitrates as a dietary additive in the diet. Unsaturated fats resulted in a higher abatement, because a greater number of animals were concerned by the option, but incurred a higher total cost and a higher cost per ton of CO2-equivalent avoided. The results were sensitive to methodolog

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16

Cinar, Yildiray, Peter R. Neal, William G. Allinson, and Jacques Sayers. "Geoengineering and Economic Assessment of a Potential Carbon Capture and Storage Site in Southeast Queensland, Australia." SPE Reservoir Evaluation & Engineering 12, no. 05 (2009): 660–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/108924-pa.

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Summary This paper presents geoengineering and economic sensitivity analyses and assessments of the Wunger Ridge flank carbon capture and storage (CCS) site. Both geoengineering and economics are needed to derive the number of wells required to inject a certain amount of CO2 for a given period. A numerical reservoir simulation examines injection rates ranging from 0.5 to 1.5 million tonnes of CO2 year for 25 years of injection. Primary factors affecting the ability to inject CO2 include permeability, formation fracture gradient, aquifer strength, and multiphase flow functions. Secondary factor

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17

Castaneda, Monica, Sebastian Zapata, and Andres Aristizabal. "Assessing the Effect of Incentive Policies on Residential PV Investments in Colombia." Energies 11, no. 10 (2018): 2614. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11102614.

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As the cost of solar photovoltaic (PV) falls, their potential for transforming modern electricity generation increases. Solar PV provides a simpler way of producing clean and affordable energy, which makes it an attractive investment. Great investments in solar PV have occurred in industrialized countries, but government efforts to promote this technology have not been effective in nonindustrialized countries. Despite this, some of these countries may have a high solar PV potential, such as Colombia, where policies to encourage solar PV are only just starting to take place. Therefore, this pap

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18

Restrepo-Valencia, Sara, and Arnaldo Walter. "Techno-Economic Assessment of Bio-Energy with Carbon Capture and Storage Systems in a Typical Sugarcane Mill in Brazil." Energies 12, no. 6 (2019): 1129. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12061129.

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For significantly reducing greenhouse gas emissions, those from electricity generation should be negative by the end of the century. In this sense, bio-energy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) technology in sugarcane mills could be crucial. This paper presents a technical and economic assessment of BECCS systems in a typical Brazilian sugarcane mill, considering the adoption of advanced—although commercial—steam cogeneration systems. The technical results are based on computational simulations, considering CO2 capture both from fermentation (released during ethanol production) and due to

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19

Petersen, Ann Kristin, and Birger Solberg. "Substitution between floor constructions in wood and natural stone: comparison of energy consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, and costs over the life cycle." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 33, no. 6 (2003): 1061–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x03-020.

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This paper compares two floor constructions used at the new airport outside Oslo, one made of solid oak and one made of natural stone, to (i) make an inventory of energy consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions over the life cycle of the two constructions, (ii) calculate the differences regarding GHG emissions and cost, and (iii) determine which factors have the strongest influence on the results. Manufacturing the wood floor required 1.6 times more energy and produced one-third of the GHG emissions compared with the natural stone floor. Over the life cycle, net GHG emissions can be avoi

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20

Limmeechokchai, Bundit, Somporn Tanatvan, and Ram M. Shrestha. "MITIGATING CO EMISSIONS FROM THE POWER SECTOR: LEAST-COST ANALYSIS OF POLICY OPTIONS IN THAILAND." ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development 19, no. 1 (2017): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.29037/ajstd.331.

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Traditionally, the method used in the electricity generation expansion planning has concentrated only on the supply-side options to identify the sequence of generation additions meet the forecasted demand at a minimum cost. Electricity generation expansion planning with both supply- and demand-side options, commonly known as integrated resource planning are also being used in some developed countries. With growing environmental concerns, especially the emission of air-pollutants from the power generation, demand-side management and clean and efficient generation technology options in the power

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21

Migo-Sumagang, Maria Victoria P., Monet Concepcion Maguyon-Detras, Martin Gummert, et al. "Rice-Straw-Based Heat Generation System Compared to Open-Field Burning and Soil Incorporation of Rice Straw: An Assessment of Energy, GHG Emissions, and Economic Impacts." Sustainability 12, no. 13 (2020): 5327. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12135327.

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Rice is a staple food crop, and its production generates large volumes of agricultural waste, rice straw. Several studies have proven that open-field burning and soil incorporation are unsustainable practices of managing rice straw, but remain as prevalent methods of treating and disposing of rice straw. An alternative solution is to harness the energy from rice straw via a small-scale heat conversion system for paddy drying applications, which can reduce rice grain post-processing costs and improve paddy storage conditions. This study investigated the energy flow, Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissio

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Arévalo, Paul, Darío Benavides, Juan L. Espinoza, and Francisco Jurado. "Optimal Design and Energy Management for a Grid Connected Renewable Hybrid System (PV-HKT-GRID)." E3S Web of Conferences 173 (2020): 02001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017302001.

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The integration of renewable energy is transcendental for sustainable development. This article analyses a hybrid grid-connected system composed of renewable energy technologies (photovoltaichydrokinetic), where several scenarios for energy management are proposed. They include a battery system as energy storage and a system without storage but with resale fee to grid, with the aim of determining the best economic and environmental balance. The results show that, by having a (PV-HKT-GRID) system with energy storage and no resale fee to the grid, the Net Present Cost (NPC) is increased by USD $

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Erans, María, Dawid Hanak, Jordi Mir, Edward Anthony, and Vasilije Manovic. "Process modelling and techno-economic analysis of natural gas combined cycle integrated with calcium looping." Thermal Science 20, suppl. 1 (2016): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci151001209e.

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Calcium looping (CaL) is promising for large-scale CO2 capture in the power generation and industrial sectors due to the cheap sorbent used and the relatively low energy penalties achieved with this process. Because of the high operating temperatures the heat utilisation is a major advantage of the process, since a significant amount of power can be generated from it. However, this increases its complexity and capital costs. Therefore, not only the energy efficiency performance is important for these cycles, but also the capital costs must be taken into account, i.e. techno-economic analyses a

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Olczak, Piotr, Małgorzata Olek, Dominika Matuszewska, Artur Dyczko, and Tomasz Mania. "Monofacial and Bifacial Micro PV Installation as Element of Energy Transition—The Case of Poland." Energies 14, no. 2 (2021): 499. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14020499.

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The several government subsidies available in Poland contributed to an increased interest in PV installations. Installed PV capacity increased from 100 MW in 2016 up to 2682.7 MW in July 2020. In 2019 alone, 104,000 microinstallations (up to 50 kWp) were installed in Poland. The paper determines the energy gain and the associated reduction of CO2 emissions for two types of solar installation located in Poland. The monofacial solar modules with a power of 5.04 kWp (located in Leki) and bifacial solar modules with a power of 6.1 kWp (located in Bydgoszcz). Both installations use mono-crystalline

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Hu, Yue, Yachi Gao, Hui Lv, Gang Xu, and Shijie Dong. "A New Integration System for Natural Gas Combined Cycle Power Plants with CO2 Capture and Heat Supply." Energies 11, no. 11 (2018): 3055. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11113055.

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Although carbon mitigation in power industry is attracting more and more attention around the world, the large scale application of carbon capture technology is obstructed because of the enormous energy consumption and huge capital investment required. In this study, an integrated system with power generation, CO2 capture and heat supply are proposed, which adopts three measures to reutilize the waste heat released from the CO2 capture process, including extracted steam recirculation, a CO2 Rankine cycle and a radiant floor heat subsystem. Amongst these measures, the radiant floor heat subsyst

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Szima, Szabolcs, Carlos Arnaiz del Pozo, Schalk Cloete, et al. "Techno-Economic Assessment of IGCC Power Plants Using Gas Switching Technology to Minimize the Energy Penalty of CO2 Capture." Clean Technologies 3, no. 3 (2021): 594–617. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cleantechnol3030036.

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Cost-effective CO2 capture and storage (CCS) is critical for the rapid global decarbonization effort recommended by climate science. The increase in levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) of plants with CCS is primarily associated to the large energy penalty involved in CO2 capture. This study therefore evaluates three high-efficiency CCS concepts based on integrated gasification combined cycles (IGCC): (1) gas switching combustion (GSC), (2) GSC with added natural gas firing (GSC-AF) to increase the turbine inlet temperature, and (3) oxygen production pre-combustion (OPPC) that replaces the air

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CARON, JUSTIN, STUART M. COHEN, MAXWELL BROWN, and JOHN M. REILLY. "EXPLORING THE IMPACTS OF A NATIONAL U.S. CO2 TAX AND REVENUE RECYCLING OPTIONS WITH A COUPLED ELECTRICITY-ECONOMY MODEL." Climate Change Economics 09, no. 01 (2018): 1840015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010007818400158.

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This paper provides a comprehensive exploration of the impacts of economy-wide CO2 taxes in the U.S. simulated using a detailed electric sector model [the National Renewable Energy Laboratory’s Regional Energy Deployment System (ReEDS)] linked with a computable general equilibrium model of the U.S. economy [the Massachusetts Institute of Technology’s U.S. Regional Energy Policy (USREP) model]. We implement various tax trajectories and options for using the revenue collected by the tax and describe their impact on household welfare and its distribution across income levels. Overall, we find tha

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Qvist, Staffan, Paweł Gładysz, Łukasz Bartela, and Anna Sowiżdżał. "Retrofit Decarbonization of Coal Power Plants—A Case Study for Poland." Energies 14, no. 1 (2020): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14010120.

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Out of 2 TWe of coal power plant capacity in operation globally today, more than half is less than 14 years old. Climate policy related to limiting CO2-emissions makes the longer-term operation of these plants untenable. In this study, we assess the spectrum of available options for the future of both equipment and jobs in the coal power sector by assessing the full scope of “retrofit decarbonization” options. Retrofit decarbonization is an umbrella term that includes adding carbon capture, fuel conversion, and the replacement of coal boilers with new low-carbon energy sources, in each case re

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Chazdon, Robin L., Eben N. Broadbent, Danaë M. A. Rozendaal, et al. "Carbon sequestration potential of second-growth forest regeneration in the Latin American tropics." Science Advances 2, no. 5 (2016): e1501639. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1501639.

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Regrowth of tropical secondary forests following complete or nearly complete removal of forest vegetation actively stores carbon in aboveground biomass, partially counterbalancing carbon emissions from deforestation, forest degradation, burning of fossil fuels, and other anthropogenic sources. We estimate the age and spatial extent of lowland second-growth forests in the Latin American tropics and model their potential aboveground carbon accumulation over four decades. Our model shows that, in 2008, second-growth forests (1 to 60 years old) covered 2.4 million km2 of land (28.1% of the total s

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Dorrian, Cathy, Jim Ferguson, Kim Ah-See, et al. "Head and neck cancer assessment by flexible endoscopy and telemedicine." Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare 15, no. 3 (2009): 118–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/jtt.2009.003004.

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We have conducted a feasibility study to establish whether ENT tele-endoscopy would be a suitable method of service delivery for patients who live in the Shetland Islands. Ten clinics were conducted over a period of 17 months using ISDN-based videoconferencing at a bandwidth of 384 kbit/s. A total of 42 patients were seen in Aberdeen via videoconferencing for a head and neck cancer assessment. Feasibility was confirmed after the first 20 patients, following positive feedback from all concerned and the absence of any significant clinical or technical problems. A total of 42 journeys was avoided

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CHEN, XUEYE, YUE TIAN, and SHUAI ZHANG. "CO2 LASER ABLATION MICROCHANNEL BASED ON KOCH FRACTAL PRINCIPLE." Surface Review and Letters 27, no. 05 (2019): 1950141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x19501415.

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In this paper, we focussed on the processing power of CO2 laser systems and the impact of scanning speed, scanning power and number of scans on the quality of microchannels. We created microchannels which are based on the Koch fractal principle through a flexible and low-cost CO2 laser system. The processing and manufacturing method of Koch fractal micromixer on polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) substrate was also studied. The microchannel structure based on the Koch fractal principle can increase the contact area and mixing time of the fluid and improve the mixing efficiency of the micromixer. I

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Barelli, Linda, Gianni Bidini, Panfilo Andrea Ottaviano, and Michele Perla. "Liquefied Synthetic Natural Gas Produced through Renewable Energy Surplus: Impact Analysis on Vehicular Transportation by 2040 in Italy." Gases 1, no. 2 (2021): 80–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gases1020007.

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Time mismatch between renewable energy production and consumption, grid congestion issues, and consequent production curtailment lead to the need for energy storage systems to allow for a greater renewable energy sources share in future energy scenarios. A power-to-liquefied synthetic natural gas system can be used to convert renewable energy surplus into fuel for heavy duty vehicles, coupling the electric and transportation sectors. The investigated system originates from power-to-gas technology, based on water electrolysis and CO2 methanation to produce a methane rich mixture containing H2,

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Abdel-hamed, Alaa M., Kamel Ellissy, Ahmed R. Adly, and H. Abdelfattah. "Optimal Sizing and Design of Isolated Micro-Grid systems." International Journal of Environmental Science & Sustainable Development 4, no. 3 (2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.21625/essd.v4i3.673.

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Micro-grid and standalone schemes are emerging as a viable mixed source of electricity due to interconnected costly central power plants and associated faults as well as brownouts and blackouts in additions to costly fuels. Micro-Grid (MG) is gaining very importance to avoid or decrease these problems. The objective of this paper is to design an optimal sizing and energy management scheme of an isolated MG. The MG is suggested to supply load located in El-shorouk Academy, Egypt between 30.119 latitudes and 31.605 longitudes. The components of the MG are selected and designed for achieving mini

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Arena, Claudio, Mario Genco, Alessio Lombardo, Ignazio Meli, and Mario Mazzola. "A Cost–Benefit Based, Parametric Procedure to Screen Existing Irrigation and Municipal Supply Reservoirs for Wind Energy Storage." Water 10, no. 12 (2018): 1813. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10121813.

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Pumped hydro storage (PHS) is one of the more suitable energy storage technologies to provide bulk storage of intermittent renewable energy sources (RES) such as wind. Since the main limiting factors to the expansion of this mature technology are environmental and financial concerns, the use of an existing reservoir can help mitigate both types of impacts. In addition, the high number of reservoirs for municipal and irrigation supply in many areas of the world makes the idea of using PHS as a relatively diffuse, open-market, technology for RES management attractive. These arguments in favor of

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Griscom, Bronson W., Justin Adams, Peter W. Ellis, et al. "Natural climate solutions." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 44 (2017): 11645–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1710465114.

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Better stewardship of land is needed to achieve the Paris Climate Agreement goal of holding warming to below 2 °C; however, confusion persists about the specific set of land stewardship options available and their mitigation potential. To address this, we identify and quantify “natural climate solutions” (NCS): 20 conservation, restoration, and improved land management actions that increase carbon storage and/or avoid greenhouse gas emissions across global forests, wetlands, grasslands, and agricultural lands. We find that the maximum potential of NCS—when constrained by food security, fiber s

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Matsui, Akihisa, Naoya Ogiyama, Takumi Endo, Jun Arakawa, and Takao Nakagaki. "Performance Evaluation of Phase Separation Process Using High-concentration AMP Promoted by MAPA for CO2 Capture." MATEC Web of Conferences 333 (2021): 16001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202133316001.

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Reduction of the energy penalty and cost of CO2 capture from concentrated gas streams using amine-based solutions can be achieved by minimizing the energy penalty in the solvent regeneration process. High concentration 2-Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) solution precipitates as a carbonate when enough CO2 has been absorbed. By sending the separated carbonate to the stripper, the sensible heat of regeneration can be reduced. However, previous testing using 50 weight percent AMP solution mixed with Piperazine (PZ) with solid-liquid separation showed that the CO2 recovery rate was limited to 65% d

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37

Matsui, Akihisa, Naoya Ogiyama, Takumi Endo, Jun Arakawa, and Takao Nakagaki. "Performance Evaluation of Phase Separation Process Using High-concentration AMP Promoted by MAPA for CO2 Capture." MATEC Web of Conferences 333 (2021): 16001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202133316001.

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Reduction of the energy penalty and cost of CO2 capture from concentrated gas streams using amine-based solutions can be achieved by minimizing the energy penalty in the solvent regeneration process. High concentration 2-Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) solution precipitates as a carbonate when enough CO2 has been absorbed. By sending the separated carbonate to the stripper, the sensible heat of regeneration can be reduced. However, previous testing using 50 weight percent AMP solution mixed with Piperazine (PZ) with solid-liquid separation showed that the CO2 recovery rate was limited to 65% d

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Guarino, Stefania, Pietro Catrini, Alessandro Buscemi, Valerio Lo Brano, and Antonio Piacentino. "Assessing the Energy-Saving Potential of a Dish-Stirling Con-Centrator Integrated Into Energy Plants in the Tertiary Sector." Energies 14, no. 4 (2021): 1163. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14041163.

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Energy consumed for air conditioning in residential and tertiary sectors accounts for a large share of global use. To reduce the environmental impacts burdening the covering of such demands, the adoption of renewable energy technologies is increasing. In this regard, this paper evaluates the energy and environmental benefits achievable by integrating a dish-Stirling concentrator into energy systems used for meeting the air conditioning demand of an office building. Two typical reference energy plants are assumed: (i) a natural gas boiler for heating purposes and air-cooled chillers for the coo

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Barrella, Roberto, Irene Priego, José Ignacio Linares, Eva Arenas, José Carlos Romero, and Efraim Centeno. "Feasibility Study of a Centralised Electrically Driven Air Source Heat Pump Water Heater to Face Energy Poverty in Block Dwellings in Madrid (Spain)." Energies 13, no. 11 (2020): 2723. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13112723.

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Energy poverty can be defined as the inability to pay the bills that are required for maintaining the comfort conditions (usually in winter) in dwellings. The use of energy efficient systems is one way forward to mitigate this problem, with one option being the electrically driven air source heat pump water heater. This paper assesses the performance of a centralised heat pump (200 kW of heating capacity) to meet the space heating demand of block dwellings in Madrid (tier four out of five in winter severity in Spain). Two models have been developed to obtain the following variables: the hourly

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Brown, Marilyn A., Puneet Dwivedi, Sudhagar Mani, et al. "A framework for localizing global climate solutions and their carbon reduction potential." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 31 (2021): e2100008118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2100008118.

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Localized carbon reduction strategies are especially critical in states and regions that lack top-down climate leadership. This paper illustrates the use of coupled systems in assessments of subnational climate solutions with a case study of Georgia, a state located in the southeastern United States that does not have statewide climate goals or plans. The paper illustrates how robust place-specific plans for climate action could be derived from foundational global and national work and by embedding that research into the context of socio-ecological-technological systems. Our replicable methodo

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Zhan, Tung Sheng. "Dynamic Economic Dispatch Incorporating Wind Power with Carbon Trading Scheme." Advanced Materials Research 487 (March 2012): 94–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.487.94.

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This paper proposed an issue aiming at the goal of pierces the relationship between the emission trading scheme and dynamic economic dispatch (DED) problem for the electricity utility. A model of the CO2 emission trading market will be investigated and introduced into DED problem incorporating wind power plant and independent power providers (IPPs). Then, an accelerated particle swarm optimization (APSO) algorithm is introduced in order to avoid prematurity convergence of the original PSO and improve searching efficiency. Thus, APSO was used to determine the DED strategy of the utility with in

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Hooper, B., B. Koppe, and L. Murray. "COMMERCIAL AND TECHNICAL ISSUES FOR LARGE-SCALE CARBON CAPTURE AND STORAGE PROJECTS—A GIPPSLAND BASIN STUDY." APPEA Journal 46, no. 1 (2006): 435. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj05025.

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The Latrobe Valley in Victoria’s Gippsland Basin is the location of one of Australia’s most important energy resources—extremely thick, shallow brown coal seams constituting total useable reserves of more than 50,000 million tonnes. Brown coal has a higher moisture content than black coal and generates more CO2 emissions per unit of useful energy when combusted. Consequently, while the Latrobe Valley’s power stations provide Australia’s lowest- cost bulk electricity, they are also responsible for over 60 million tonnes of CO2 emissions per year—over half of the Victorian total. In an increasin

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de Vries, I. E., M. Janssens, and S. J. Hulshoff. "A specialised delivery system for stratospheric sulphate aerosols (part 2): financial cost and equivalent CO2 emission." Climatic Change 162, no. 1 (2020): 87–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-020-02686-6.

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Abstract Temporary stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI) using sulphate compounds could help avoid some of the adverse and irreversible impacts of global warming, but comprises many risks and uncertainties. Among these, the direct financial cost and carbon emissions of potential SAI delivery systems have hitherto received only modest attention. Therefore, this paper quantifies the initial and operating financial costs and initial and operating equivalent CO2 (CO2eq) emissions of the specialised aircraft-based SAI delivery system developed with relatively high-fidelity tools in part 1 of this s

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Luisetto, Igor, Maria Rita Mancini, Livia Della Seta, et al. "CaO–CaZrO3 Mixed Oxides Prepared by Auto–Combustion for High Temperature CO2 Capture: The Effect of CaO Content on Cycle Stability." Metals 10, no. 6 (2020): 750. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10060750.

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Cycling high temperature CO2 capture using CaO–based solid sorbents, known as the calcium looping (CaL) process, is gaining considerable scientific and industrial interest due to the high theoretical sorbent capacity (0.78 gCO2/gCaO), the low specific cost, and the negligible environmental impact of the employed materials. In this work, we investigated the self–combustion synthesis of CaO–CaZrO3 sorbents with different CaO contents (40, 60, and 80 wt%) for use in the CaL process. CaZrO3 was used as a spacer to avoid CaO grains sintering at high temperature and to reduce the diffusional resista

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Montes, María José, José Ignacio Linares, Rubén Barbero, and Beatriz Yolanda Moratilla. "Optimization of a New Design of Molten Salt-to-CO2 Heat Exchanger Using Exergy Destruction Minimization." Entropy 22, no. 8 (2020): 883. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e22080883.

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One of the ways to make cost-competitive electricity, from concentrated solar thermal energy, is increasing the thermoelectric conversion efficiency. To achieve this objective, the most promising scheme is a molten salt central receiver, coupled to a supercritical carbon dioxide cycle. A key element to be developed in this scheme is the molten salt-to-CO2 heat exchanger. This paper presents a heat exchanger design that avoids the molten salt plugging and the mechanical stress due to the high pressure of the CO2, while improving the heat transfer of the supercritical phase, due to its compactne

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BARRON, ALEXANDER R., ALLEN A. FAWCETT, MARC A. C. HAFSTEAD, JAMES R. MCFARLAND, and ADELE C. MORRIS. "POLICY INSIGHTS FROM THE EMF 32 STUDY ON U.S. CARBON TAX SCENARIOS." Climate Change Economics 09, no. 01 (2018): 1840003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010007818400031.

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The Stanford Energy Modeling Forum exercise 32 (EMF 32) used 11 different models to assess emissions, energy, and economic outcomes from a plausible range of economy-wide carbon price policies to reduce carbon dioxide (CO[Formula: see text] emissions in the United States. Here we discuss the most policy-relevant results of the study, mindful of the strengths and weaknesses of current models. Across all models, carbon prices lead to significant reductions in CO2 emissions and conventional pollutants, with the vast majority of the reductions occurring in the electricity sector. Importantly, emis

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Shu, Yong Bao, Wen Jun Li, and Zhong Xue Li. "The Technology of Liquid CO₂ Used for Fire Prevention and the Related Device." Advanced Materials Research 347-353 (October 2011): 1642–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.347-353.1642.

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In order to avoid spontaneous combustion of coal, reduce cost and improve the effect of fire prevention and extinction, this essay brings about the technology and related device to prevent and control the spontaneous combustion of coal based on the properties of fire prevention and extinction of the liquid CO2 toward fire area, such as: asphyxiation oxygen, cooling down and inerting. The technical difficulties such as the safety packing, transportation and perfusion to the fire area underground of liquid CO2 are solved. The liquid CO2 is transported safely to the fire area underground and are

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Harding, Frances C., Alan T. James, and Hazel E. Robertson. "The engineering challenges of CO2 storage." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 232, no. 1 (2018): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957650918756542.

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The permanent underground storage of large quantities of anthropogenic carbon dioxide from thermal energy and industrial plant is widely recognised as a fundamental tool which can help to avoid the worst impacts of climate change. To achieve this effectiveness, it will require widespread global deployment in a new industry which would rival the current oil and gas industry in its scale and ambition. Many of the technologies for carbon dioxide storage are the adaptations of oil and gas technology, but there are some important differences. These arise from: 1. the thermodynamic properties of car

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Qi, Chao, and Yongrok Choi. "A Study of the Feasibility of International ETS Cooperation between Shanghai and Korea from Environmental Efficiency and CO2 Marginal Abatement Cost Perspectives." Sustainability 11, no. 16 (2019): 4468. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11164468.

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With the worldwide spread of emissions trading schemes (ETSs) and the need for international cooperation on climate change, there is growing interest in linking ETSs. Along with sustainable development, preventing and controlling pollution, is now regarded as an urgent priority by China and Korea. In the context of the willingness of the Chinese and Korean governments to cooperate on ETS, this paper examines the feasibility of a pilot ETS cooperation between Shanghai and Korea from environmental efficiency and CO2 marginal abatement cost (MAC) perspectives. We apply a directional distance func

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Park, CS, JG Kwak, C. Lee, C.-H. Lee, SK Lee, and YL Kim. "Near-infrared spectroscopy as a possible device for continuous monitoring of arterial carbon dioxide tension during cardiac surgery." Perfusion 26, no. 6 (2011): 524–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0267659111419034.

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Background: Insufflation of carbon dioxide (CO2) to the operative field has been used to prevent major organ injury attributed to air embolisms in cardiac surgery. However, it may be preferable to avoid hypercapnia induced by CO2 insufflation, owing to its potentially harmful effect. To investigate the effectiveness of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) as a possible method for continuous monitoring of arterial CO2 tension during cardiac surgery, we evaluated the correlation between the change in arterial CO2 tension and the change in regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rScO2) obtained from NI

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