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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Costly approach'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 28 May 2022
Last updated: 30 July 2025

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1

Яременко, Наталія Сергіївна, Наталья Сергеевна Яременко та Nataliia Serhiivna Yaremenko. "Традиційні підходи до оцінки вартості банку та можливість їх використання в Україні". Thesis, Істина, 2010. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/58928.

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Проаналізовано традиційні підходи та сучасні методи оцінки вартості банку, з точки зору можливості їх застосування в соціально-економічних умовах України в цілому, і банківській системи зокрема.<br>The article presents the analysis of traditional approaches and modern methods of the bank valuation in term of their possible using in the socio-economic conditions of Ukraine in general, and banking system in particular.
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Wood, Peter Steven. "Comparing cost uplift in infrastructure delivery methods : a case based approach." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2010. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/47529/1/Peter_Wood_Thesis.pdf.

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In 2009 the Australian Federal and State governments are expected to have spent some AU$30 billion procuring infrastructure projects. For governments with finite resources but many competing projects, formal capital rationing is achieved through use of Business Cases. These Business cases articulate the merits of investing in particular projects along with the estimated costs and risks of each project. Despite the sheer size and impact of infrastructure projects, there is very little research in Australia, or internationally, on the performance of these projects against Business Case assumptio
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Shetelig, Haakon. "Shipbuilding Cost Estimation : Parametric Approach." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for marin teknikk, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-22360.

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A continuously increasing global competition in the ship building industry leads to decreasing margins and an increased cost pressure for Norwegian shipbuilders. The Norwegian ship designers and shipbuilders are known throughout the world for delivering complex vessel with high quality, on time. Shipowners have so far been willing to pay the price for Norwegian offshore support vessels. However, high quality products will at some point be outcompeted by less expensive solutions.An effective cost estimation framework can contribute to a competitive advantage. This thesis presents a methodology
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Tilton, Catherine J. "An approach for estimating system engineering costs." Master's thesis, This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-12232009-020146/.

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Nikolaou, Nikolaos. "Cost-sensitive boosting : a unified approach." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/costsensitive-boosting-a-unified-approach(ae9bb7bd-743e-40b8-b50f-eb59461d9d36).html.

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In this thesis we provide a unifying framework for two decades of work in an area of Machine Learning known as cost-sensitive Boosting algorithms. This area is concerned with the fact that most real-world prediction problems are asymmetric, in the sense that different types of errors incur different costs. Adaptive Boosting (AdaBoost) is one of the most well-studied and utilised algorithms in the field of Machine Learning, with a rich theoretical depth as well as practical uptake across numerous industries. However, its inability to handle asymmetric tasks has been the subject of much criticis
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Germain, Marion. "The links between dispersal and individual fitness : correlation or causality ? : exploring mechanisms using correlative and experimental approaches in a passerine bird species, the collared flycatcher." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Zooekologi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-254731.

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Dispersal is commonly defined as the movement of an individual from its natal orprevious breeding site to a new breeding site. Because dispersal involves movements ofindividuals and genes among populations, it is recognized as a key life history trait withstrong effects on many ecological and evolutionary processes such as populationdynamics and genetics but also species spatial distribution or response to brutalenvironmental variations induced by human activities. Yet, the consequences of dispersalin terms of individual fitness remain poorly understood despite their crucial importance inthe u
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Gregoire, Zach. "A strategic approach to reducing mycoplasma testing costs." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/38619.

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Master of Agribusiness<br>Department of Agricultural Economics<br>Vincent R. Amanor-Boadu<br>Mycoplasma; it is not a household name for many Americans or people around the world, but for those in the livestock industry, it has been a major concern. Mycoplasma, a member of the class Mollicutes, has had and continues to have a major impact on the cattle, swine and poultry industry, causing conditions such as arthritis, otitis media, reduced growth rate and reduced egg production (Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 2011) (Okwara 2016). This class of bacteria is unlike other classes, as def
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8

Feehan, Patrick Joseph. "Attendance demand for soccer : a spatial cross-sectional approach." Thesis, University of Salford, 2002. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/26673/.

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The cost of a return journey to a soccer match can often be comparable to, or even exceed, the admission price. However, in spite of the importance of travel costs, previous studies on the demand for live soccer generally exclude travel costs from the analysis. The thesis explores the consequences of this omission and shows that the likely effect is to bias estimates of the ticket price elasticity downwards. The thesis also argues that the previous estimates of the ticket price and income elasticities are likely to be biased due to generic problems with the time series approach and methodologi
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9

Proaktor, Gil. "Costs of reproduction invertebrates : an ecological and evolutionary approach." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.444064.

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10

Lovelace, Robin. "The energy costs of commuting : a spatial microsimulation approach." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/5027/.

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Commuting is a daily ritual for a large proportion of the world's population. It is important materially, consuming large amounts of time, money and natural resources. As with many routine activities travel to work is often taken for granted but its energy consumption is of particular interest due to its heavy reliance on fossil fuels and the inflexibility of the demand for commuting. This understudied area of knowledge, the energy costs of travel to work, forms the basis of the thesis. There is much research into commuting and transport energy use as separate fields, but they have rarely been
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Atrushi, Nejir, and Johnny Waldemarsson. "CSR - Opportunity or Cost? A methodological approach." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-52033.

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12

Marchbanks, Miner Peek III. "A transaction cost approach to unilateral presidential action." Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3127.

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Presidents have two major assets at their disposal when seeking to alter policy: executive orders and legislative action. There are certain advantages and disadvantages to each course. Although presidency scholars have focused extensively on presidential efforts in the legislative arena, little attention has been paid to how a president affects policy through direct action. Because executive orders have been under-researched, there has been a dearth of theory development that adequately explains when presidents will act unilaterally through executive orders and when they will instead seek legi
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Grandits, Peter, and Werner Schachinger. "Leland's approach to option pricing. The evolution of a discontinuity." SFB Adaptive Information Systems and Modelling in Economics and Management Science, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 1999. http://epub.wu.ac.at/1448/1/document.pdf.

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A claim of Leland (1985) states that in the presence of transaction costs a call option on a stock S, described by geometric Brownian motion, can be perfectly hedged using Black-Scholes delta hedging with a modified volatility. Recently Kabanov and Safarian (1997) disproved this claim, giving an explicit (up to an integral) expression of the limiting hedging error, which appears to be strictly negative and depends on the path of the stock price only via the stock price at expiry ST . We prove in this paper that the limiting hedging error, considered as a function of ST, exhibits a removable di
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Boman, Anna, and Jonas Larsson. "Patent Valuation in Theory and Practice." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Management and Economics, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-1578.

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<p>Background: Today, an increased need to value patents is expressed in several different situations. For example, banks more frequently accept patents as collateral for loans and patents are being exchanged more often between companies. It is argued that a hindrance for the recognition of the value of patents, and other assets lacking physical form, is that the current methods of valuation are not developed for this type of assets. </p><p>Purpose: Our objective is to investigate the practical relevance of four theoretical valuation approaches in the context of patent valuation and to point o
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Islamoglu, Mehmet. "Information technology, transaction costs and governance structures : an institutional approach." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.402133.

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16

Balážová, Veronika. "Aplikace vybraných způsobů ocenění na atypický rodinný dům." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-413827.

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This diploma thesis is focused on the estimation value of the family house in the area of Slezská Ostrava. In the first part of the thesis, theoretical background is defined. Theoretical background describes the terms closely related to the issue of valuation and valuation methods that are applied to the family house. The next part consists of the description of the area, identification of the land, and the essential information about the family house from the construction and layout perspective. Furthermore, the thesis provides the description of the market in the area, as well as the databas
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Cavanaugh, Kevin J. "A multilevel approach to minimal cost network flows." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/23972.

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This thesis presents an exploration of the application of multigrid/multilevel techniques to a non-geometriclongtransportationproblem. Anintroductiontomultigrid is given, and specifics of how it is applied to this minimum cost network flow problem are explored. This research shows that multilevel techniques can be applied to network optimization problems. Further, since a previous restriction is removed by transferring the problem from a physical space to a cost space, the techniques can be applied to a broader range of problems. Both a multilevel V-cycle and a Full Multigrid (FMG) algorithm
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18

Ferreira, C. "European banking efficiency: a panel cost frontier approach." Thesis, Українська академія банківської справи Національного банку України, 2012. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/59145.

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In this paper we test banking efficiency across European Union countries in the wake of the recent crisis. We opt to use the intermediation approach and taking into account the specific character of the bank production activities and the available data, we define a cost frontier function considering three outputs (total loans, total securities and other earning assets) and the prices of three inputs (borrowed funds, physical capital and labour). Our data are taken from the Bankscope database, which is recognised as one of the best sources, since it includes data for all EU countries an
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Almond, Stephen. "GP consultation and prescribing behaviour : a health econometric approach." Thesis, University of Kent, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.242942.

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20

Sliška, Andrej. "Využití BIM při oceňování nemovitostí." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-402601.

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The main objectives of this diploma thesis are to introduce the building information model as an effective tool, helping at work with the buildings throughout their lifecycle and to consider its use for real estate valuation, from the point of view of individual valuation methods, used in Czech Republic. The real estate valuation methods and the functional principles of building information model, as well as its features, are described in the first part of the thesis. In addition, the first part of the thesis also deals with the model implementation conditions in selected countries of the worl
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21

Muchoza, Tongesai. "An assessment of social consequences of using water management devices on the poor households in Harare. The case of Sunningdale high density suburb prepaid water meter project in Harare." University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7036.

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Magister Artium (Development Studies) - MA(DVS)<br>A prepaid water metering project was implemented in various high density suburbs around the city of Harare in 2015 with the intention of spreading the project throughout the whole country. It was anticipated that the use of prepaid water meters as a water management device would improve the social, health, hygiene and general well-being of the poor households in the Sunningdale high density suburb. This study will investigate the social implications that were caused by the use of prepaid water meters as a tool for water management among p
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22

Smalley, Joseph Allen. "An integrated approach to financial management." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/77840.

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The various components of financial structure management are usually discussed in isolation with little concern for the other components. A unified model of financial structure management bridging these components has not yet been developed. This dissertation seeks to establish such an underpinning by combining Miller and Orr's cash management model with contemporary corporate finance theory, and is able to address a wide range of questions while retaining a comprehensible format. I simulate the proposed strategy to show the consequences of implementation, and to provide hypotheses about the b
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23

Mahadik, Aditya U. "Cost Estimation of Layer Additive Manufacturing using Break-down Approach." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1533569070264811.

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24

Svoboda, Václav. "Oceňování hotelů." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-264665.

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The thesis deals with comparison of selected methods applicable in valuation of hotels. Methods are applied to the valuation of a particular hotel. The hotel is valued by the cost method, comparative methods, income methods and other methods used in the valuation of hotels. The results are compared, any differences are analyzed. Valuation of the hotel is based on financial analysis, strategic analysis, forecast of value drivers and financial plan.
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Wesseling, Catharina. "Health effects from pesticide use in Costa Rica : an epidemiologic approach /." Stockholm, 1997. http://diss.kib.ki.se/1997/91-628-2697-2.

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26

Nuce, James, Tom Sikora, and Lydia Robinson. "Combating the military's escalating pharmacy costs: a lean Six Sigma approach." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/10316.

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MBA Professional Report<br>Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited<br>The pharmacy operations of three military, Medical Treatment Facilities (MTF) were observed, to determine possible process improvements and cost saving mechanisms that may be achieved through Lean Six Sigma methodologies. After mapping the processes of each facility (one large, one medium, and one small) each was modeled and validated in order to forecast potential savings, increases in efficiency, and/or waste reduction while either maintaining or improving customer satisfaction (i.e., processing times). The
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Nuce, James Robinson Lydia Sikora Tom. "Combating the military's escalating pharmacy costs a lean Six Sigma approach /." Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2008. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/MBAPR/2008/Dec/08Dec%5FNuce%5FMBA.pdf.

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"Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Business Administration from the Naval Postgraduate School, December 2008."<br>Advisor(s): Heath, Susan ; Apte, Uday ; Kang, Keebom. "December 2008." "MBA professional report"--Cover. Description based on title screen as viewed on January 28, 2009. Includes bibliographical references (p. 115-118). Also available in print.
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Ahiaga-Dagbui, Dominic Doe. "Rethinking construction cost overruns : an artificial neural network approach to construction cost estimation." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/10454.

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The main concern of a construction client is to procure a facility that is able to meet its functional requirements, of the required quality, and delivered within an acceptable budget and timeframe. The cost aspect of these key performance indicators usually ranks highest. In spite of the importance of cost estimation, it is undeniably neither simple nor straightforward because of the lack of information in the early stages of the project. Construction projects therefore have routinely overrun their estimates. Cost overrun has been attributed to a number of sources including technical error in
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Yan, Yonghe, and 嚴勇河. "A multi-agent based approach to transmission cost allocation." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3124256X.

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30

Meli, Louis Marcel. "Breath analysis : investigation of a low cost FTIR approach." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.316270.

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31

Oh, Jin S. (Jin Suk). "A cost allocation approach to defining and specifying tolerances." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/12225.

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32

Niskanen, Jonne. "On Aircraft Systems’ Acquisition Cost Estimation : – A Parametric Approach –." Thesis, KTH, Flygdynamik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-180469.

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The aim of this master thesis is to increase the precision of the aircraft systems’ acquisition cost estimations required as input to the Saab in-house software employed in concept studies at the company. This is achieved by developing a systematic methodology based on parametric techniques for data collection, normalization and validation, resulting in a mathematical Cost Estimating Relationship (CER) between a technical parameter and the acquisition cost. The accuracy of the CER is evaluated through residual and confidence band-analysis. This paper is a summarized, de-classified version of
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33

Schnaider, Paula Sarita Bigio. "Heterogeneity of plural forms: a revised transaction cost approach." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12139/tde-07032016-092021/.

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This dissertation addresses an important empirical regularity that is still not very well understood: the same firm, in a given institutional context, simultaneously relies on different organizational arrangements to govern similar (or identical) transactions. I will follow Bradach & Eccles (1989) and Menard (2013) and treat this phenomenon as \'plural forms\'. The dissertation is composed of four chapters, each of which, providing different but complementary approaches to plural forms and serving as input for the next: the first half of this dissertation remains theoretical, while the second
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Xiao, Wu. "DirectShow Approach to Low-Cost Multimedia Security Surveillance System." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2002. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3297/.

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In response to the recent intensive needs for civilian security surveillance, both full and compact versions of a Multimedia Security Surveillance (MSS) system have been built up. The new Microsoft DirectShow technology was applied in implementing the multimedia stream-processing module. Through Microsoft Windows Driver Model interface, the chosen IEEE1394 enabled Fire-i cameras as external sensors are integrated with PC based continuous storage unit. The MSS application also allows multimedia broadcasting and remote controls. Cost analysis is included.
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Staley, Samuel R. "Urban planning and economic development : a transaction-cost approach." Connect to resource, 1997. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=osu1261247325.

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36

Saunders, Brian J. "A Total Cost Approach to Supply Chain Risk Modeling." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2011. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3179.

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The modern supply chain is long, complex, interconnected and global, and plays a fundamental role in business competitiveness. These conditions, along with various supply chain management trends in recent years have increased risks in supply chains which threaten supply chain performance. Greater impact, especially on cost, from an increased threat of supply disruptions is one area of particular concern. Companies today are struggling to find effective means to manage this increased risk and avoid adverse financial impacts. An approach to managing supply disruption risk in supply chains based
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37

Anchukaitis, Kevin John. "A Stable Isotope Approach to Neotropical Cloud Forest Paleoclimatology." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195637.

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Many tropical trees do not form reliable annual growth rings, making it a challenge to develop tree-ring width chronologies for application to paleoclimatology in these regions. Here, I seek to establish high-resolution proxy climate records from trees without rings from the Monteverde Cloud Forest in Costa Rica using stable isotope dendroclimatology. Neotropical cloud forest ecosystems are associated with a relatively narrow range of geographic and hydroclimatic conditions, and are potentially sensitive to climate variability and change at time scales from annual to centennial and longer. My
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38

Kučera, Vlastimil. "Komparace oceňovacích procesů v USA a tuzemsku." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-408050.

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The thesis serves as a comparison of valuation processes, which are being used in the CZ and the US. It brings information about appraisal practice in the CZ and the US. It describes individual valuation approaches and definitions of important variables according to the available literature. Moreover, the thesis focuses deeper on market approach valuation. It shows differences in individual processes and approaches on the application of processes on selected example and then uses obtained differences to determine recommended changes. In shows different structures of appraisal reports in the co
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Jones, Stephen David. "Sharing the recurrent costs of rural water supply in Mali : the role of WaterAid in promoting sustainable service delivery." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2013. http://repository.royalholloway.ac.uk/items/acfbf66d-4512-4fdd-9afe-0195aeaa0c46/1/.

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This thesis analyses how and why the recurrent costs of water services are shared between different actors in the rural local government areas in Mali which are supported by the international NGO WaterAid. This analysis of the financing arrangements for rural water services is used to critically assess theory, policy and practice in three areas: the community-based management approach to service delivery, the role of decentralised local governments in supporting community management, and the ability of external organisations to influence institutional change. Empirical evidence is presented fo
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Gandhi, Raju P. "REDUCTION / ELIMINATION OF ERRORS IN COST ESTIMATES USING CALIBRATION – AN ALGORITHMIC APPROACH." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1134575761.

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41

Na, Sungsoo. "A Heuristic Approach to a Portfolio Optimization Model with Nonlinear Transaction Costs." NCSU, 2008. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-04242008-122235/.

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In this thesis we extend the Markowitz Mean-Variance model to a rebalancing portfolio optimization problem incorporating realistic considerations such as transaction costs and a risk-free asset with short-selling allowed, and we apply the Tabu Search (TS) heuristic to solve practical portfolio problems. First of all, we propose a biobjective portfolio optimization model which we expect to yield a portfolio equilibrium by combining the two objectives: maximize the portfolioâs expected return and minimize its risk. For realistic portfolio problems we consider the multi-objective portfolio optimi
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42

McCarthy, John. "WIND FARM DECOMMISSIONING: A DETAILED APPROACH TO ESTIMATE FUTURE COSTS IN SWEDEN." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-256669.

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Although targets for renewable energy exist in Sweden, developing wind energy has proven to be challenging for developers. This is due in part to the demands made by authorities for monetary amounts to be set aside to take care of wind turbine dismantling and site restoration costs at the end of their lifecycle. There has been a large degree of uncertainty surrounding the amounts being demanded and the level to which sites must be restored, partially due to a lack of guidelines. Coupled with ambiguity, there has been a tendency by authorities and developers to use figures from previous high co
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43

Bajpai, Anil Kumar. "Computer simulation of quality costs and benefits : a system dynamics modelling approach." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.278347.

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44

Jeria, David (David O. Jeria López). "An approximate dynamic programming approach to risk sensitive control of execution costs." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/55112.

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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, February 2009.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 43-44).<br>We study the problem of optimal execution within a dynamic programming framework. Given an exponential objective function, system variables which are normally distributed, and linear market dynamics, we derive a closed form solution for optimal trading trajectories. We show that a trader lacking private information has trajectories which are static in nature, whilst a trader w
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Walberg, Mark P. "A patient-perspective approach to Medicare Part D prescription drug plan costs." Scholarly Commons, 2009. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/2394.

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Since its inception in 2003, Medicare Part D has become the largest addition to the Medicare benefit since it was signed into law in 1965. Despite this novel prescription drug coverage, the design and benefit structure of Medicare Part D has been challenging for beneficiaries and healthcare providers alike. Beneficiaries have been faced with a plethora of drug plan offerings. Additionally, the unique benefit structure and annual variation in plan offerings and plan parameters have left beneficiaries unaware of gaps in coverage and reluctant to re-evaluate plan offerings. Despite these issues,
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46

Aysegul, Kuzucu. "Analyzing Cost Structure In Logistics Sector: A System Dynamics Approach." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12606936/index.pdf.

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In today&rsquo<br>s conditions, systems that surround individuals have evolved in structure such that, nature of variable interactions are much more complex and changing continuously. Logistics systems, which constitute an example for such systems, have also necessitated fast management and decision-making in a fast paced environment, under limited sources with the additional effect of increasing customer requirements and competition. These conditions require a dynamic analysis. In this study, system dynamics approach was shown to be a competent alternative to analyze complex and dynamic syste
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Aysegul, Kuzucu. "Analyzing cost structure in logistics sector: a system dynamics approach." Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12606820/index.pdf.

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In today&#039<br>s conditions, systems that surround individuals have evolved in structure such that, nature of variable interactions are much more complex and changing continuously. Logistics systems, which constitute an example for such systems, have also necessitated fast management and decision-making in a fast paced environment, under limited sources with the additional effect of increasing customer requirements and competition. In this study, system dynamics approach was shown to be a competent alternative to analyze complex and dynamic systems like logistics systems and its cost structu
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48

Engevall, Stefan. "Cost allocation in some routing problems : a game theoretic approach /." Linköping : Univ, 2002. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2002/tek754s.pdf.

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49

Beauchamp, Pierre. "Water-centric approach to developing green infrastructure (framework and cost)." Thesis, McGill University, 2014. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=123225.

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WATER-CENTRIC APPROACH TO DEVELOPING GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE: Framework and CostPierre Beauchamp, P. Eng., 15 avril 2014AbstractGreen infrastructure (GI) has emerged as an active term of reference in project development planning. However, elaboration and discussion of integrated frameworks to assist engineering organizations in planning the start-up of new projects are largely absent from GI research literature, particularly in the context of greening and sustainability. The present study attempts to bridge this gap by developing and proposing an integrated framework focused on the start-up devel
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50

Muniz, de Barros Arielle. "A new approach to develop cost-effective lignocellulosic bioethanol production." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2016. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6854/.

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2\(^n\)\(^d\)-generation bioethanol can be produced from cellulose fraction present in lignocellulosic biomass and has become a significant research focus due to its potential for replacing fossil fuels and decreasing greenhouse gases emissions. In order to produce 2\(^n\)\(^d\)-generation bioethanol, biomass processing is required in order to access cellulose within lignocellulose and convert it into glucose. However, an efficient cost-effective and environmental-friendly process has not been achieved. The aim of this work was to produce glucose from purified cellulose from \(Miscanthus\) \(x
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