Academic literature on the topic 'Costs centers'

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Journal articles on the topic "Costs centers"

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Ashley, Dennis W., Robert F. Mullins, Christopher J. Dente, et al. "What are the Costs of Trauma Center Readiness? Defining and Standardizing Readiness Costs for Trauma Centers Statewide." American Surgeon 83, no. 9 (2017): 979–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000313481708300935.

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Trauma center readiness costs are incurred to maintain essential infrastructure and capacity to provide emergent services on a 24/7 basis. These costs are not captured by traditional hospital cost accounting, and no national consensus exists on appropriate definitions for each cost. Therefore, in 2010, stakeholders from all Level I and II trauma centers developed a survey tool standardizing and defining trauma center readiness costs. The survey tool underwent minor revisions to provide further clarity, and the survey was repeated in 2013. The purpose of this study was to provide a follow-up an
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Katzman, Mitchell. "Freestanding Emergency Centers: Regulation and Reimbursement." American Journal of Law & Medicine 11, no. 1 (1985): 105–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s009885880000914x.

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AbstractThe freestanding emergency center, which combines the functions of a doctor's office and a hospital emergency room, has emerged as a new provider of health care. These centers have generated considerable controversy over their role in the health care market. Proponents argue that freestanding emergency centers reduce costs by providing care in a more efficient manner and cause other health care providers such as hospital emergency rooms to reduce costs and improve service. Opponents argue that the centers create an additional layer of health care which duplicates existing services and
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Klapita, Vladimír, and Zuzana Švecová. "LOGISTICS CENTERS LOCATION." TRANSPORT 21, no. 1 (2006): 48–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16484142.2006.9638041.

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It is fairly questionable to estimate future costs in the problems of strategic decision. The uncertainty may cause a resulting solution to be very inefficient considering current costs. In this report we try to find an approach which enables to determine a unique solution of a location problem at uncertain costs so that the solution is resistant to future changes. We deal with a sensitivity analysis and with a connection of an exact mathematical programming method and the theory of fuzzy sets.
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Barton, Susan S., John J. Haydu, Roger Hinson, et al. "REQUIREMENTS AND COSTS OF ESTABLISHING AND OPERATING A GARDEN CENTER." HortScience 27, no. 6 (1992): 659b—659. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.6.659b.

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The objective of this project is to estimate establishment and operating costs for garden centers at two levels of sales and to specify the general set of financial, marketing and business principles that should be available to the owner/manager of a garden center. After surveying 25 garden centers across the United States, two models were derived. A large garden center with annual sales of $1,000,000 is described. A smaller garden center with annual sales of $350,000 is described. Capital budgets, including investment and operations costs for each firm have been developed. Each firm is evalua
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De Prisco, Roberto, Alfredo De Santis, and Marco Mannetta. "Reducing costs in HSM-based data centers." Journal of High Speed Networks 24, no. 4 (2018): 363–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jhs-180600.

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Nugraha, Yohanes, Mudjiono Mudjiono, and Dedeng Wahyu Edi. "BIAYA LOGISTIK DAN KELANCARAN PENGIRIMAN BARANG PADA GERAI BUKU." JURNAL MANAJEMEN TRANSPORTASI DAN LOGISTIK 3, no. 2 (2017): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.25292/j.mtl.v3i2.103.

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This study aims to determine the effect of the quality of human resources, the location of distribution centers and logistics costs in the effective delivery of goods from distribution centers to book stores. This survey respondents amounted to 78 employees in Scholastic Distribution Center and a few head or store manager Scholastic. The sampling technique using Simple Random Sampling and analysis techniques using path analysis (path analysis) with SPSS. The results showed the quality of human resources, the location of distribution centers and logistics costs directly affect the good’s delive
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Manjunatha S. and Suresh L. "Minimization of Energy Using Heuristic Resource Allocation and Migration for Cloud Computing." International Journal of Knowledge and Systems Science 12, no. 1 (2021): 74–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijkss.2021010106.

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Data center is a cost-effective infrastructure for storing large volumes of data and hosting large-scale service applications. Cloud computing service providers are rapidly deploying data centers across the world with a huge number of servers and switches. These data centers consume significant amounts of energy, contributing to high operational costs. Thus, optimizing the energy consumption of servers and networks in data centers can reduce operational costs. In a data center, power consumption is mainly due to servers, networking devices, and cooling systems, and an effective energy-saving s
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Bonastre, Julia, Eric Noël, Julie Chevalier, et al. "Implications of learning effects for hospital costs of new health technologies: The case of intensity modulated radiation therapy." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 23, no. 2 (2007): 248–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026646230707033x.

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Objectives: The impact of learning effects on the variability of costs of new health technologies in a prospective payment system (PPS) through the case of intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) was studied.Methods: A series of consecutive patients treated in nine medical centers was enrolled in a prospective study. Direct costs were assessed from the perspective of the healthcare providers. We used a two-level model to explain the variability of costs: patients nested within centers. Learning effects at the center level were considered through a fixed effect (the learning curve slope) a
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Pajrok, Andor. "Responsible Accounting in the Hospitality Industry." Journal of Education Culture and Society 5, no. 2 (2020): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.15503/jecs20142.53.60.

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Nowadays, due to globalization and intensified market competition, management attention has to be focussed on efforts where they will do the most good. In order to survive, especially in the service industry, Managers in the new business environment need more relevant cost and performance information on the organization’s activities, processes, products/services and customers. The task of management accounting is to prepare this accounting information, which has the possibility to indicate what costs, revenues and results should be. Responsible accounting is an underlying concept of accounting
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Walker, Gordon, and Laura Poppo. "Profit Centers, Single-Source Suppliers, and Transaction Costs." Administrative Science Quarterly 36, no. 1 (1991): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2393430.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Costs centers"

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Mukherjee, Koyel. "Algorithmic approaches to reducing resource costs in data centers." Thesis, University of Maryland, College Park, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3612196.

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<p> A substantial portion of resource costs incurred by data centers relate to energy costs, with cooling energy and equipment powering energy accounting for a major fraction. Other major costs incurred by data centers, is due to huge data transmission volume and resultant network bandwidth consumption. In this dissertation, we study problems inspired by the needs to reduce energy consumption and network bandwidth billing costs in data centers. </p><p> A significant amount of data center cooling energy is wasted due to thermal imbalance and hot spots. In order to prevent this, the workload
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Yu, Wing-chi Winnie. "Contractual arrangements in shopping centre leasing in Hong Kong a transaction cost perspective /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B40987620.

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Tomosk, Steven. "Applications of Traditional and Concentrated Photovoltaic Technologies for Reducing Electricity Costs at Ontario Data Centers." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/34324.

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Demand for cloud-based applications and remote digital storage is increasing. As such, data center capacities will need to expand to support this shift in computing. Data centers consume substantial amounts of electricity in support of their operations, and larger data centers will mean that more energy is consumed. To reduce electricity bills, data center operators must explore innovative options, and this thesis proposes leveraging solar technology for this purpose. Three different photovoltaic and concentrated photovoltaic costing scenarios, as well as four different Ontario-based el
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Olson, Darcie Lange. "Trends in work-related injury rates and the associated incurred costs in long-term care centers." Thesis, The University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3615712.

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<p> <i>Background.</i> Nursing assistants, working in long&ndash;term care facilities, have consistently been among the top occupational groups experiencing work-related musculoskeletal injuries. These injuries have been attributed the physical demands of lifting and moving the individuals in their care. Great strides in research have identified successful risk reduction strategies such as the implementation safe patient handling and mobility programs. The benefits of these programs have been advocated over the last two decades, but the rate of injuries among nursing assistants continues to be
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Ngobeni, Robson Mpande. "The impact of high Telecommunications costs on the callcentre industry in Cape Town, South Africa." Thesis, [S.l. : s.n.], 2009. http://dk.cput.ac.za/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1061&context=td_cput.

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Yu, Wing-chi Winnie, and 余詠芝. "Contractual arrangements in shopping centre leasing in Hong Kong: a transaction cost perspective." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B40987620.

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Reddy, Hari Mallam. "Case study on costs and efficiency of Urgent Care Center Desert Valley Medical Group, Victorville." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2001. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1733.

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Špicarová, Kateřina. "Využití controllingu v podniku." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-442964.

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The master´s thesis is focused on application of Management Control System in company especially on planning and analysis of deviations. In theoretical part of the thesis will be described basic charakteristic and terms and will be used continualy in the analytical part. In this part Honeywell s.r.o. will be described and analyzed its current situation and methods for planning costs. Then will be analyzed and interpreted deviations based on actual data in MS Excel. In the proposal part will be propose actions to improve the current situation in the form of implemetation new program MS Power BI
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Замула, Олена Василівна. "Управління інформаційними витратами переробних підприємств". Thesis, НТУ "ХПІ", 2016. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/20381.

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Дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата економічних наук за спеціальністю 08.00.04 – економіка та управління підприємствами (за видами економічної діяльності). – Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут", 2016. Дисертація присвячена вирішенню теоретичних, методичних та практичних задач в сфері управління інформаційними витратами переробних підприємств. В роботі запропоновано визначення поняття "інформаційні витрати" як грошового вираження ресурсів, які використані підприємством для здійснення інформаційного процесу. Розвинуто класифікацію інформаційних
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Замула, Олена Василівна. "Управління інформаційними витратами переробних підприємств". Thesis, НТУ "ХПІ", 2016. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/20379.

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Дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата економічних наук за спеціальністю 08.00.04 – економіка та управління підприємствами (за видами економічної діяльності). – Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут", 2016. Дисертація присвячена вирішенню теоретичних, методичних та практичних задач в сфері управління інформаційними витратами переробних підприємств. В роботі запропоновано визначення поняття "інформаційні витрати" як грошового вираження ресурсів, які використані підприємством для здійснення інформаційного процесу. Розвинуто класифікацію інформаційних
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Books on the topic "Costs centers"

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Commerce, Montana Dept of. Montana visitor information centers. The Dept., 1990.

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Montana. Dept. of Commerce. Montana visitor information centers. The Dept., 1990.

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Montana. Dept. of Commerce. Montana visitor information centers. The Dept., 1990.

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Blau, David. The supply of quality in child care centers. National Bureau of Economic Research, 1999.

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Waite, Linda J. What parents pay for: Child care characteristics, quality, and costs. Rand, 1991.

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Townson, Monica. The Costs and benefits of a national child care system for Canada. Canadian Day Care Advocacy Association, 1986.

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Thomas, Rauschenbach, Hans Rudolf Leu, and Angelika Diller. Kitas und Kosten: Die Finanzierung von Kindertageseinrichtungen auf dem Prufstand. Verlag Deutsches Jugendinstitut, 2004.

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Lyons, Jeffrey D. Child care $ubsidy: The costs of waiting. Day Care Services Association, 1998.

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Inc, City Design Collaborative. Operating cost prototypes: Study for the development of day care centers in state facilities. The Office, 1987.

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Sŏ, Mun-hŭi. Yŏngyua yangyuk piyong chiwŏn ŭi hyokwa e kwanhan yŏn'gu. Yuga Chŏngch'aek Yŏn'guso, 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "Costs centers"

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De Prisco, R., A. De Santis, and M. Mannetta. "Reducing Costs in HSM-Based Data Centers." In Green, Pervasive, and Cloud Computing. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57186-7_1.

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Tschoegl, Adrian E. "The Benefits and Costs of Hosting Financial Centers." In International Banking and Financial Centers. Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2504-5_12.

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Bhattacharya, Anindya K. "The Costs and Benefits of Establishing an International Banking Center." In International Banking and Financial Centers. Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2504-5_9.

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Da Costa, Georges, Ariel Oleksiak, Wojciech Piatek, Jaume Salom, and Laura Sisó. "Minimization of Costs and Energy Consumption in a Data Center by a Workload-Based Capacity Management." In Energy Efficient Data Centers. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15786-3_7.

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Albers, Susanne, and Jens Quedenfeld. "Algorithms for Energy Conservation in Heterogeneous Data Centers." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75242-2_5.

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AbstractPower consumption is the major cost factor in data centers. It can be reduced by dynamically right-sizing the data center according to the currently arriving jobs. If there is a long period with low load, servers can be powered down to save energy. For identical machines, the problem has already been solved optimally by [25] and [1].In this paper, we study how a data-center with heterogeneous servers can dynamically be right-sized to minimize the energy consumption. There are d different server types with various operating and switching costs. We present a deterministic online algorithm that achieves a competitive ratio of 2d as well as a randomized version that is 1.58d-competitive. Furthermore, we show that there is no deterministic online algorithm that attains a competitive ratio smaller than 2d. Hence our deterministic algorithm is optimal. In contrast to related problems like convex body chasing and convex function chasing [17, 30], we investigate the discrete setting where the number of active servers must be an integral, so we gain truly feasible solutions.
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Mann, Vijay, Avinash Kumar, Partha Dutta, and Shivkumar Kalyanaraman. "VMFlow: Leveraging VM Mobility to Reduce Network Power Costs in Data Centers." In NETWORKING 2011. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-20757-0_16.

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Ahmed, Riaz. "Cost Centers." In Cloud Computing Using Oracle Application Express. Apress, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-2502-8_11.

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Ahmed, Riaz. "Cost Centers." In Cloud Computing Using Oracle Application Express. Apress, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-4243-8_11.

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Botta, Volkmar. "Vom Cost-Center zum Profit-Center." In Organisation und Steuerung dezentraler Unternehmenseinheiten. Gabler Verlag, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-82431-8_11.

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Giles, R. S. "Accounting for Overheads; Cost Centres." In Finance and Accounting. Macmillan Education UK, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-13486-1_31.

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Conference papers on the topic "Costs centers"

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Chen, Yiyu, Amitayu Das, Wubi Qin, Anand Sivasubramaniam, Qian Wang, and Natarajan Gautam. "Managing server energy and operational costs in hosting centers." In the 2005 ACM SIGMETRICS international conference. ACM Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1064212.1064253.

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Shi, Ying, and Juan Wu. "Minimizing Energy and Network Costs of Data Centers in China." In 2013 International Conference on Cloud and Green Computing (CGC). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cgc.2013.12.

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Cader, Tahir, Ratnesh Sharma, Cullen Bash, Les Fox, Vaibhav Bhatia, and Mohandas Mekanapurath. "Operational Benefits of Real-Time Monitoring and Visualization in Data Centers." In ASME 2009 InterPACK Conference collocated with the ASME 2009 Summer Heat Transfer Conference and the ASME 2009 3rd International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/interpack2009-89379.

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The 2007 US EPA report to Congress (US EPA, 2007) on the state of energy consumption in data centers brought to light the true energy inefficiencies built into today’s data centers. Marquez et al. (2008) conducted an initial analysis on the productivity of a Pacific Northwest National Lab computer using The Green Grid’s Data Center Energy Productivity metric (The Green Grid, 2008). Their study highlights how the Top500 ranking of computers disguises the serious energy inefficiency of today’s High Performance Computing data centers. In the rapidly expanding Cloud Computing space, the race will
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Demetriou, Dustin W., Vinod Kamath, and Howard Mahaney. "Understanding the True Total Cost of Ownership of Water Cooling for Data Centers." In ASME 2015 International Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Microsystems collocated with the ASME 2015 13th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2015-48152.

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The generation-to-generation IT performance and density demands continue to drive innovation in data center cooling technologies. For many applications, the ability to efficiently deliver cooling via traditional chilled air cooling approaches has become inadequate. Water cooling has been used in data centers for more than 50 years to improve heat dissipation, boost performance and increase efficiency. While water cooling can undoubtedly have a higher initial capital cost, water cooling can be very cost effective when looking at the true lifecycle cost of a water cooled data center. This study
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He, Yongzhan, Guofeng Chen, Jiajun Zhang, et al. "Consideration for Running Data Center at High Temperatures and Using Free Air Cooling." In ASME 2015 International Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Microsystems collocated with the ASME 2015 13th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2015-48169.

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The advent of the big data era, the rapid development of mobile internet, and the rising demand of cloud computing services require increasingly more compute capability from their data center. This compute increase will most likely come from higher rack and room power densities or even construction of new Internet data centers. But an increase in a data center’s business-critical IT equipment (servers, hubs, routers, wiring patch panels, and other network appliances), not to mention the infrastructure needed to keep these devices alive and protected, encroaches on another IT goal: to reduce lo
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Marwah, Manish, Martin Arlitt, Christopher Hoover, Cullen Bash, and Ratnesh K. Sharma. "Exploratory Analysis of Aggregate Power Metrics in Data Centers." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-39503.

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In recent years, climate change, depletion of conventional energy sources and rising energy costs have led to an increased focus on sustainability. Within the Information Technology (IT) sector, data centers are significant energy consumers. The first steps towards reducing power consumption in data centers are to monitor it and to determine the heavy hitters. Unfortunately, fine-grain power information is often not readily available within data center environments. In this paper, we conduct an exploratory analysis of aggregate power data in a data center. We collect data from the power infras
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Shaoming Chen, Yue Hu, and Lu Peng. "Optimization of Electricity and Server Maintenance Costs in Hybrid Cooling Data Centers." In 2013 IEEE 6th International Conference on Cloud Computing (CLOUD). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cloud.2013.104.

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Emil, Emre, E. Lerzan Ormeci, and F. Sibel Salman. "Shift Scheduling in Call Centers with Multiple Skill Sets and Transportation Costs." In 2007 IEEE International Conference on Service Operations and Logistics, and Informatics. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/soli.2007.4383904.

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Herrlin, Magnus K., and Michael K. Patterson. "Energy-Efficient Air Cooling of Data Centers at 2000 W/ft2." In ASME 2009 InterPACK Conference collocated with the ASME 2009 Summer Heat Transfer Conference and the ASME 2009 3rd International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/interpack2009-89224.

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Increased Information and Communications Technology (ICT) capability and improved energy-efficiency of today’s server platforms have created opportunities for the data center operator. However, these platforms also test the ability of many data center cooling systems. New design considerations are necessary to effectively cool high-density data centers. Challenges exist in both capital costs and operational costs in the thermal management of ICT equipment. This paper details how air cooling can be used to address both challenges to provide a low Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) and a highly energ
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Nakajo, Yusuke, and Hiroaki Nishi. "Temperature-Based Request Distribution for Effective CRAC and Equipment Life-Cycle Extension." In ASME 2017 International Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Microsystems collocated with the ASME 2017 Conference on Information Storage and Processing Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2017-74341.

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With the growth of Internet-based services, data centers must deal with increasing data traffic. Load-balancing technologies can help data centers process data effectively and stably; however, the current load-balancing methods do not take into account the heat generated by servers. Excessive heat can increase the failure rate of IT devices and the energy consumption of air conditioning systems, both of which lead to higher data center maintenance costs. This paper aims to simultaneously increase the coefficient of performance (COP) of the data center’s air-conditioning equipment and decrease
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Reports on the topic "Costs centers"

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Cavin, Edward S. User Fees and Program Costs in Marine Corps Child Care Centers. Defense Technical Information Center, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada223252.

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Erulkar, Annabel, and Barbara Mensch. Youth centres in Kenya: Evaluation of the Family Planning Association of Kenya programme. Population Council, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh1997.1025.

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Since 1987, the Family Planning Association of Kenya (FPAK) has operated two youth centers, one in Nairobi and the other in Mombasa. The centers target unmarried youth aged 10–24 and their primary objective is reduction in incidence of sexual and reproductive-health-related problems. These centers offer recreational and sports facilities, counseling services, including reproductive health (RH) information, limited RH services, and referrals. In 1996, FPAK undertook a systematic evaluation of its youth-center program including a situation analysis of the centers, a survey in their catchment are
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Ke, Jian-yu, Fynnwin Prager, Jose Martinez, and Chris Cagle. Achieving Excellence for California’s Freight System: Developing Competitiveness and Performance Metrics; Incorporating Sustainability, Resilience, and Workforce Development. Mineta Transportation Institute, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.2023.

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This study explores the question of whether California's freight system is staying competitive with other US regions. A novel analytical framework compares supply chain performance metrics across multiple US states and regions for seaports, airports, highways, freight rail service, and distribution centers by combining the Performance Evaluation Matrix (PEM), Competitive Position Matrix (CPM), and Business Process Management (BPM) approaches. Analysis of industry data and responses from structured interviews with 30 freight industry experts across 5 transportation sectors suggests that Califor
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Svynarenko, Radion, Theresa L. Profant, and Lisa C. Lindley. Effectiveness of concurrent care to improve pediatric and family outcomes at the end of life: An analytic codebook. Pediatric End-of-Life (PedEOL) Care Research Group, College of Nursing, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.7290/m5fbbq.

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Implementation of the section 2302 of the 2010 Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) enabled children enrolled in Medicaid/Children's Health Insurance Program with a prognosis of 6 months to live to use hospice care while continuing treatment for their terminal illness. Although concurrent hospice care became available more than a decade ago, little is known about the socio-demographic and health characteristics of children who received concurrent care; health care services they received while enrolled in concurrent care, their continuity, management, intensity, fragmentation; and t
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Mocan, H. Naci. Quality Adjusted Cost Functions for Child Care Centers. National Bureau of Economic Research, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w5040.

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Cromwell, Jerry, and Leslie Greenwald. Costs and Productivity in Patient-Centered Medical Homes: A Simulation. RTI Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2016.op.0028.1607.

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Mulligan, Casey. Peltzman Revisited: Quantifying 21st Century Opportunity Costs of FDA Regulation. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w29574.

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Olaiya, Samuel T. Selection of Equipment Service Option, Estimation of Equipment Maintenance Costs, and Comparative Costs Analysis, Brooke Army Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, Texas. Defense Technical Information Center, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada420753.

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Richards, Jonathan E. Cost Analysis of Dental Services at Wilford Hall Medical Center. Defense Technical Information Center, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada432041.

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Turner, Andrew M. Amphibious Assault in the 21st Century: Are the Costs and Risks Too High? Defense Technical Information Center, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada546082.

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