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Kwok, Swee Har Teresa. "Aqueous film-coating with the ultra-coater (hybrid coater)." Curtin University of Technology, School of Pharmacy, 2004. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=15059.
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Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), which is available in different degrees of substitution and viscosity designations, is one of the most commonly used cellulosic polymers in aqueous film coating. It is relatively easy to process due to its non-tacky nature and has been known to produce smooth and clear films. For aqueous film coating, it is cost effective to use a coating formulation containing a high concentration of polymer without affecting the viscosity or spray rate and compromising on the quality of the film coat. Hence, it is ideal to use a polymer of low viscosity grade. The rheological properties of HPMC with various viscosity grades were determined. It was found that HPMC Methocel E3 had the lowest viscosity and was the least affected by the increase in polymer concentration. Additives can modify the film properties, including the glass transition temperature of the coating polymer. Glass transition temperature influences the viscosity of the coating solution and the mechanical properties, adhesion and permeability of the film coat. Various concentrations of different additives were incorporated in HPMC formulations to study the effect on these properties. Some long-chain fatty acids were included in the study to investigate if their hydrophobic carbon chains could retard moisture permeation of HPMC films. It was observed that HPMC films containing water-soluble additives produce films with clarity similar to those without additives, whereas those with hydrophobic additives tend to be patchy or hazy in appearance. A vinyl pyrrolidone / vinyl acetate copolymer (S630) was investigated for its influence on HPMC films, comparing the results with a commonly used plasticizer, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and another copolymer, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Intrinsic properties of the solutions, such as viscosity and glass transition temperature, were evaluated.The effect of S630 on the film properties, such as physical appearance, surface roughness, moisture permeation and mechanical properties, as well as its ability to promote better adhesion of the film coat to the core surface, were compared. S630 was found to be effective both as a film-former and plasticizer, reducing the glass transition temperature and viscosity, but enhancing the tensile strength, elongation and work of failure of the cast film. The water vapour permeability was slightly increased but not to the same extent as with polyethylene glycol PEG). A 10% concentration of this copolymer increased the adhesive strength and toughness of the HPMC film coat. Aqueous film coating was carried out in the ultra-coater, using HPMC coating formulations containing 8% w/w of solids, without or with 10% concentration (based on dry weight of total solids) of the additives, PEG, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and S630, for coating the tablets. Capsule-shaped lactose tablet cores of specific surface area, hardness, weight, friability and disintegration time were used to study the process variables. Process variables, including air flow rate, temperature and humidity, coating application rate or pump flow rate, atomising air pressure and speed of the rotating disk, were investigated in order to obtain the optimum operating conditions for these solutions. It was found that the process parameters were similar for all the coating formulations containing 8% solid. The additives used in the coating formulations had little influence on the coating process. The ultra-coater was an effective unit for the aqueous film coating of tablets with a batch size of not less than 5 kg.
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Asteborg, Marcus. "Flexible Audio Coder." Thesis, KTH, Ljud- och bildbehandling, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-55344.
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As modern communications networks are heterogeneous and, therefore, highly variable, the design of source coders should reflect this network variability. It is desired that source coders are able to adapt instantly to any bit-rate constraint. Source coders that possess this property offer coding flexibility that facilitates optimal utilization of the available communication channel within a heterogeneous network. Flexible coders are able to utilize feedback information and therefore perform an instant re-optimization. This property implies that flexible audio coders are better suited for networks with high variability due to the fact a single configuration of the flexible coder can operate at continuum of bit-rates. The aim of the thesis is to implement a flexible audio coder in a real-time demonstrator (VoIP application) that facilitates instant re-optimization of the flexible coding scheme. The demonstrator provides real-time full-duplex communications over a packet network and the operating bit-rate may be adjusted on the fly. The coding performance of the flexible audio coding scheme should remain comparable to non-flexible schemes optimized at their operating bitrates. The report provides a background for the thesis work and describes the real-time implementation of the demonstrator. Finally, test results are provided. The coder is evaluated by means of a subjective MUSHRA test. The performance of the flexible audio coder is compared to relevant state-of-the-art codecs.
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Vice, President Research Office of the. "Cover and Contents." Office of the Vice President Research, The University of British Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/2678.
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Vice, President Research Office of the. "Cover and Contents." Office of the Vice President Research, The University of British Columbia, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/1521.
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Vice, President Research Office of the. "Cover and Contents." Office of the Vice President Research, The University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/2664.
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Vice, President Research Office of the. "Cover and Contents." Office of the Vice President Research, The University of British Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/9511.
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Demário, Renata Léia. "Comer no hospital." Florianópolis, SC, 2007. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/89582.
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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Programa de Pós-Graduação em NutriçãoMade available in DSpace on 2012-10-22T23:41:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 256273.pdf: 512667 bytes, checksum: e6558801fbd967f9f5e6f399ac99c7ae (MD5)
A pesquisa teve como objetivo conhecer a percepção de pacientes em relação à alimentação em um hospital público de referência para a Política de Humanização Hospitalar - PNH do Estado de Santa Catarina. A fundamentação teórica compreendeu temas relacionados às concepções de saúde e doença, à hospitalização e experiência da internação, à humanização e à alimentação hospitalar, com o objetivo de fornecer suporte para a elaboração de um modelo de análise composto por duas categorias: O cotidiano do paciente e a experiência da hospitalização e o Significado do comer. O estudo teve como modelo de abordagem a pesquisa qualitativa. A técnica central de coleta de dados foi a entrevista em profundidade semi-estruturada com o auxílio de um guia de entrevistas. Participaram da pesquisa pacientes adultos e idosos internados há quatro ou mais dias nas unidades de clínicas médicas. Os resultados permitiram conhecer que os pacientes consideram a alimentação como parte das regras da instituição, relacionando-a com a doença e com a recuperação da saúde; consideram também que a vontade de comer é influenciada pela presença do acompanhante e pelo ambiente do hospital; o horário das refeições foi considerado como um modelo a ser seguido em casa. A aceitação da refeição está relacionada com a doença e com os aspectos sensoriais da alimentação (sabor, apresentação, aparência, aroma, variedade do cardápio, temperatura, textura e tipo de preparação). Os pacientes demonstraram dificuldade em manifestar opiniões sobre mudanças desejadas na alimentação ou nas rotinas da instituição. A refeição é um momento de interação entre os próprios pacientes, acompanhantes e equipe de saúde, sendo o atendimento considerado bom. Como conclusão, a pesquisa apontou que o alimentar-se e o comer devem fazer parte da função terapêutica da alimentação hospitalar. Portanto, há necessidade de incorporar as expectativas dos pacientes e valorizar aspectos dietéticos, sensoriais e simbólicos às refeições servidas.
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Smits-Veldt, Mieke B. "Samuel Coster, ethicus-didacticus : een onderzoek naar dramatische opzet en morele instructie van Ithys, Polyxena en Iphigenia /." Groningen : Wolters-Noordhoff/Forsten, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37148521m.
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Quaas, Johannes, Bjorn Stevens, Philip Stier, and Ulrike Lohmann. "Interpreting the cloud cover." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-186087.
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Statistical analysis of satellite data shows a positive correlation between aerosol optical depth (AOD) and total cloud cover (TCC). Reasons for this relationship have been disputed in recent literature. The aim of this study is to explore how different processes contribute to one model’s
analog of the positive correlation between aerosol optical depth and total cloud cover seen in the satellite retrievals. We compare the slope of the linear regression between the logarithm of TCC and the logarithm of AOD, or the strength of the relationship, as derived from three satellite data sets to the ones simulated by a global aerosol-climate model. We analyse
model results from two different simulations with and without a parameterisation of aerosol indirect effects, and using dry compared to humidified AOD. Perhaps not surprisingly we find that no single one of the hypotheses discussed in the literature is able to uniquely explain the positive relationship. However the dominant contribution to the model’s
AOD-TCC relationship can be attributed to aerosol swelling in regions where humidity is high and clouds are coincidentally found. This finding leads us to hypothesise that much of the AOD-TCC relationship seen in the satellite data is also carried by such a process, rather than the direct effects of the aerosols on the cloud fields themselves.
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Loftie-Eaton, Megan. "Woody cover and birds." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29375.
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Major influences on biodiversity in general and on species distributions in particular have occurred on South African landscapes over time as a result of human activities and climate change. Landscapes in southern Africa are not only a product of changes in climate, but they are also a product of the changes brought about by people and their land management practices. In recent decades, bush encroachment has increased dramatically throughout the Savanna Biome of South Africa. Bush encroachment is a vegetation dynamic of global interest. It refers to the thickening or increase of woody vegetation (trees and shrubs) at the expense of grasses and/or herbaceous vegetation. In many areas across South Africa, systems that were once open grassland have become dense thickets dominated by trees and shrubs. Bush encroachment is driven by global factors like increasing carbon dioxide (CO2) levels in the atmosphere as well as local factors like grazing pressures and fire management practices. In Africa, it has long been recognized that there is an influence of vegetation patterns and structure on the distribution and abundance of birds. Changes in habitats due to an increase or decrease in woody cover has been linked to changes in bird diversity and community structure. This thesis looks at what impacts bush encroachment has had on bird distributions in eastern South Africa, with a special focus on the Kruger National Park as well as Palearctic migrants. Chapter 2 of the thesis develops a new quantitative method to relate bird distributions to woody cover. The algorithm is experimental, and an important aspect of the chapter is to investigate whether the results obtained coincide with expectations. The approach first estimates the proportion of the bird species in an area which occur in each woody cover category in a region. It also calculates the proportion of the area of the region which is in each woody cover category. It then uses Jacobs Index to provide an estimate of the extent of preference/avoidance of each species for each woody cover category, on a scale that runs from +1 (the entire population of the species is in that woody cover category) to –1 (none of the population of the species is in that woody cover category). The method is tested on a region consisting of three one-degree grid cells spanning Mpumalanga, Limpopo and Gauteng which include a diversity of woody cover categories, from grassland (no woody cover) to savanna to dense woodland. Chapter 3 applies this approach to the birds of the Kruger National Park, examining which species have distributions which can, and which cannot, be explained to a greater or lesser extent by a preference for a particular range of woody covers. Bird species are selected for close monitoring for ecological management purposes of the Kruger National Park. Chapter 4 considers a set of 10 bird species, all of which are migrants to South Africa from Eurasia, and occur to a large extent during their non-breeding period within the savanna biome of South Africa. For each species, the extent of increase in relative abundance between the first and second bird atlas projects in the region (SABAP1 and SABAP2) is estimated. In most cases, the change of relative abundance can be explained in terms of bush encroachment. The likely provenance of these species in Eurasia is considered; for most species, this area lies in southwestern Asia, i.e. the Ukraine and adjacent Russia. Changes in habitat in this region are also considered and help to improve the understanding of how the populations in South Africa have changed.
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Carney, Nicholas. "Roman Domination Cover Rubbling." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3617.
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In this thesis, we introduce Roman domination cover rubbling as an extension of domination cover rubbling. We define a parameter on a graph $G$ called the \textit{Roman domination cover rubbling number}, denoted $\rho_{R}(G)$, as the smallest number of pebbles, so that from any initial configuration of those pebbles on $G$, it is possible to obtain a configuration which is Roman dominating after some sequence of pebbling and rubbling moves. We begin by characterizing graphs $G$ having small $\rho_{R}(G)$ value. Among other things, we also obtain the Roman domination cover rubbling number for paths and give an upper bound for the Roman domination cover rubbling number of a tree.
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Tucker, Katherine. "Comer: A Short Story." Ohio University Art and Sciences Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouashonors1525185196109174.
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Birgmark, Anja. "Wear of Coater Blades." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för teknik- och naturvetenskap, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-27183.
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Spano, Giada. "(Re) coser a margem." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Arquitetura, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/15299.
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Streib, Noah Sametz. "Planar and hamiltonian cover graphs." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/43744.
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This dissertation has two principal components: the dimension of posets with planar cover graphs, and the cartesian product of posets whose cover graphs have hamiltonian cycles that parse into symmetric chains. Posets of height two can have arbitrarily large dimension. In 1981, Kelly provided an infinite sequence of planar posets that shows that the dimension of planar posets can also be arbitrarily large. However, the height of the posets in this sequence increases with the dimension. In 2009, Felsner, Li, and Trotter conjectured that for each integer h at least 2, there exists a least positive integer c(h) so that if P is a poset with a planar cover graph (the class of posets with planar cover graphs includes the class of planar posets) and the height of P is h, then the dimension of P is at most c(h). In the first principal component of this dissertation we prove this conjecture. We also give the best known lower bound for c(h), noting that this lower bound is far from the upper bound. In the second principal component, we consider posets with the Hamiltonian Cycle--Symmetric Chain Partition (HC-SCP) property. A poset of width w has this property if its cover graph has a hamiltonian cycle which parses into w symmetric chains. This definition is motivated by a proof of Sperner's theorem that uses symmetric chains, and was intended as a possible method of attack on the Middle Two Levels Conjecture. We show that the subset lattices have the HC-SCP property by showing that the class of posets with the strong HC-SCP property, a slight strengthening of the HC-SCP property, is closed under cartesian product with a two-element chain. Furthermore, we show that the cartesian product of any two posets from this strong class has the (weak) HC-SCP property.
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Tong, Henry Hoi-Yu. "A perceptually adaptive JPEG coder." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ29417.pdf.
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Perdue, Peter C. "China Marches West: Jacket cover." Harvard University Press, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9567.
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The China we know today is the product of vast frontier conquests of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries by the expanding Qing empire. China Marches West tells the story of this unprecedented expansion and explores its consequences for the modern Chinese nation.Jacket cover of book
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Munda, Bruce, Tim C. Knowles, Art Meen, Vic Wakimoto, and Bill Worthy. "Winter Forage Cover Crop Trials." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/208283.
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Several crops were evaluated at Worthy farms, near Marana, AZ, Wakimoto farms, Mohave Valley, near Bullhead City, AZ, and the Tucson Plant Materials Center for use as a winter cover crop following cotton with potential to reduce wind erosion and produce one to two hay cuttings. Hairy vetch (Vicia villosa), 'Lana' woolypod vetch (Vicia villosa ssp. varia), 'Papago' pea (Pisum sativum), and 'Biomaster' pea (Pisum sativum) were sown at the Tucson Plant Materials Center. Species sown at Worthy farm were: Papago pea, Lana vetch, and Biomaster pea. Species sown at Wakimoto farm were: Biomaster pea, Lana vetch, 'Seco' barley (Hordeum vulgare), and 'Multi-cut' berseem clover (Trifolium alexandrinum). Forage yield varied between locations due to sowning date, number of irrigations, and soil textures. Biomaster pea, Papago pea, and Lana vetch performed well at all three locations. However, Biomaster yields were more consistent and due to its shorter growing season may be the better choice as a winter cover between cotton crops. Additional trials are scheduled for the fall of 1998.
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Wellpott, Axel. "Stability of continuous cover forests." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/11534.
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Two field campaigns were carried out in which the wind and tree interaction was investigated. Wind profiles, turbulence, and turning moment at the tree base were measured with a high temporal resolution for a group of nine trees in both surveys. The first experiment took place in a mature even-aged Sitka spruce forest stand, which appeared to be more stable than model calculations anticipated. Differences in wind loading between the individual trees were calculated and related to tree properties. Absolute turning moments were positively correlated with tree properties such as diameter at breast height, tree height, and stem weight. The estimated turning moment for tree failure for the strongest tree in the sample is more than five times higher than the value for the weakest one. However, due to their dominance and their exposed position in the stand the biggest trees also experience higher wind drag. The results suggest that the balance between individual tree resistive moment and applied moments is such that the critical wind speeds for damage are very similar. This implies that the tress are adapted to their local wind climate. Post damage surveys from continental Europe suggest that irregular forests are more stable then regular ones. This hypothesis was tested in the second field campaign in which the wind and tree interaction were compared in two contrasting stands. One group of trees was located where an understorey was present, while two other trees were at a location with no understorey at all. The analysis suggests that the trees with an understorey benefit from the understorey in terms of wind loading and wind damage risk.
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Comber, Alexis. "Automated land cover change detection." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.248628.
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This thesis describes a generic approach for automated land cover monitoring. Knowledge about land cover is acquired through a knowledge acquisition exercise and used to augment image analysis in order to determine land cover change direction. It is demonstrated that taking a task-oriented approach to the change problem avoids the specificity of more traditional data-oriented approaches. The approach described here involves four key analyses that have contributed to the overall problem solution: Identifying the knowledge used to determine different land cover elements (elicitation and modelling); Land cover remote sensing characteristics; Land cover bio-geographic characteristics; Investigation of the most suitable approach for combining evidence. The results of these investigations were applied to semi-natural change problems: evidence about areas known to have changed was reasoned with and change directions identified by applying the knowledge and interpreter rules of thumb. The results were compared with field surveys of the change areas, and were shown to have correctly identified the land cover change direction in each case.
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McPhail, Diane. "Area the big cover-up /." View thesis, 2007. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/27435.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Western Sydney, 2007."A thesis submitted to the University of Western Sydney, College of Arts, School of Education in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy." Includes bibliography.
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Dwyer, Edward J. "Cover Photographs for Reading Journals." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 1995. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/3318.
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Bellido, Rojas Ana Lucía, Filomeno Johana Shelley Echegaray, Loyola Issa Fiorella García, and Alfaro Diego Alonso Gonzales. "Cobertores para inodoros: Cover Queen’s." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/624145.
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El trabajo contiene información para el desarrollo de una idea de negocio sobre el lanzamiento de un nuevo producto de higiene personal, que consta de un cobertor para inodoros descartable, dirigido especialmente a mujeres. El negocio plantea una estructura de operaciones que refleja políticas, especificaciones y todo el proceso para desarrollar el producto, teniendo en cuenta todos los pasos para que sea un plan favorable para la marca.The work contains information for the development of a business idea about the launch of a new personal hygiene product, consisting of a disposable toilet cover, aimed especially at women. The business proposes an operations structure that reflects policies, specifications and the entire process to develop the product, taking into account all the steps to make it a favorable plan for the brand.
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Mühlbach, Ramona. "Plantar, pescar... cozinhar e comer." Florianópolis, SC, 2004. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/88038.
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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Agrárias. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agroecossistemas.Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-22T05:01:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 207078.pdf: 1058648 bytes, checksum: 70e112d855553fab0b12e6f023b7468d (MD5)
O alimento é tratado neste estudo como um condutor para se entender o ser humano em seu ambiente e nas suas relações sociais. Tais relações articulam-se quando se compreende o alimento a partir de sistemas alimentares e das culturas humanas, ou seja, quando se percebe que sociais. Este trabalho aborda tais relações a partir de um grupo social específico - os moradores antigos do bairro Campeche (Florianópolis, SC # Brasil), cognominados "nativos", com os quais se buscou compreender as relações entre as formas de obter os alimentos e a sua representação/significação dentro do cotidiano alimentar. Realizou-se uma pesquisa qualitativa, cujos dados principais se obteve por meio de entrevistas semi-estruturadas e do levantamento de documentos sobre a história da comunidade e do município. Os resultados mostraram que, até meados do século XX, as famílias de nativos ainda tinham como prática alimentar a variedade oferecida pelos alimentos locais - mandioca, feijão, batata-doce, amendoim, melancia, peixes e aves -, os quais representavam os períodos de plantio, colheita e extração (caso do peixe e dos frutos do mar), assim como lançavam mão das estratégias de circulação de alimentos (escambo ou venda) para complementação da dieta alimentar. Na tomada de decisão sobre o que, como e onde plantar, agiam diversos fatores pautados no conhecimento sobre os agroecossistemas e as necessidades de consumo alimentar das famílias, os quais se articulavam e garantiam a identidade do grupo. A partir de 1970, verificou-se que tanto as formas de obtenção como as práticas alimentares sofreram transformações decorrentes, sobretudo, do processo de avanço da urbanização na região. Como conseqüência, houve a redução de espaços agricultáveis, e os alimentos passaram então a ser ofertados por uma nova e crescente rede de mercados, muitas vezes não condizentes com aquela antiga produção local. O resultado final pôde ser constatado nas alterações em torno do ato alimentar, na incorporação de novos alimentos e preparações, bem como nas mudanças na comensalidade entre as gerações. O estudo indica para a importância de trabalhos, políticas públicas e ações efetivas direcionadas à valorização dos alimentos, das comidas e das antigas práticas construídas culturalmente por este grupo dentro de um novo contexto onde predomina um modo de vida urbano.
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De, la Port Dian. "The cover story effect : investors’ reactions to cover stories and the impact on share price." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/23781.
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The objective of this study was to analyse the impact of business magazine cover stories, albeit positive, neutral or negative, on the share price of the featured company. Two of the aspects of investment finance are rational behaviour and efficient markets. Both of these concepts were explored to understand why a cover story would have an impact on a company share price. Causal research was conducted to analyse the correlation between a magazine cover story and the featured company’s share price. The cover stories were collected form the Financial Mail and Finance Week archives. The holding period returns were calculated and compared to zero to analyse whether there was any momentum or contrarian signals. The holding period returns were also adjusted for that of the average of the resources index (J258) to ascertain whether the returns were abnormal or not. The results have shown that in some instances, such as with neutral cover stories, the markets show strong signs of efficiency. The results of positive cover stories showed these to be momentum indicators, however when the results were adjusted for the resource index, many the positive returns dissipated. Negative cover stories had the strongest results, where after the cover story there were clear contrarian signals. Most of the companies stopped showing negative returns. CopyrightDissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2011.
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
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Spiekermann, Geraldine. "Tränen in der modernen Kunst." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät III, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16528.
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Tränen überschreiten die Grenzen des Körpers von innen nach außen und werden damit zu einem sichtbaren Anzeichen eines seelischen Extremzustands. In der Arbeit wird untersucht, ob die Träne, die Körpergrenzen gefährdet oder sogar auflöst, in der modernen und gegenwärtigen Kunst Metapher und Trägerin innerästhetischer Transgression werden kann. Dies bedeutet zugleich, dass eine Umwertung der Träne, von der Perle der Reinheit zu einem bedrohlichen Fluidum, stattgefunden hat. Die Träne als eine bedrohliche Grenzüberschreiterin ist ein Motiv, das in früheren Kunstepochen so nicht anzutreffen ist. Damit verweist sie zugleich exemplarisch auf die Auflösungsstrategien, welche die Kunst des 20. und 21. Jahrhunderts bestimmen. Fotoarbeiten von Man Ray, Madame Yevonde und Sam Taylor-Wood, Zeichnungen von Pablo Picasso und Hans Bellmer, Performances von Marina Abramović und Gina Pane, Video-arbeiten von Bill Viola und Bas Jan Ader, Installationen von Daniele Buetti und eine Buchserie von Dieter Roth, denen allen das Motiv der Träne gemeinsam ist, werden in einem Close Rea-ding auf Auflösungstendenzen hin untersucht. Besonderes Augenmerk gilt medienspezifischen Strukturen und Analogien.Tears overstep the bounds of the human body from within – to become evidence of a crit-ical state of mind. The present study examines whether the tear, which endangers or even dispels the boundaries of the body, could be seen as a metaphor and even as an indication of aesthetic transgression in modern and contemporary art. This would mean that the tear as motif has also undergone a paradigm change, from the pearl of purity to a threatening fluid. The aspect of the tear as a transgressor of boundaries is not to be found in earlier periods of art. Accordingly, it also references the process of disintegration, which strongly determines 20th and 21st century art. Photographs by Man Ray, Madame Yevonde and Sam Taylor-Wood, drawings by Pablo Picasso and Hans Bellmer, performances of Marina Abramovic and Gina Pane, video works by Bill Viola and Bas Jan Ader, installations by Daniele Buetti and a series of books by Dieter Roth – which all deal with the tear complex – will be examined in close reading. Their connection with disintegrative tendencies will be scrutinised, and special attention given to media-specific structures and analogies.
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Skelsey, Chris. "A system for monitoring land cover." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.361785.
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Underlying the majority of remotely-sensed data analysis is the assumption that geographical phenomena, such as rivers, heather-moors and the dynamics associated with such objects, can be adequately detected and identified through the use of spectral and other visual information alone. There is a common misconception that any major deficiencies of quantitative analyses are "hardware problems": that by increasing the spectral, spatial, radiometric and temporal resolutions of sensors, geographical phenomena will be identified with similarly increasing accuracy and reliability. This, however, is an unrealistic viewpoint. This thesis has developed a prototype of an automated system based on the principle that by considering the "real-world" properties of the land, a more effective and robust analysis of its dynamic nature can ensue. SYMOLAC is an automated SYstem for MOnitoring LAnd Cover based upon theories of artificial intelligence. It has been developed within a specifically designed hybrid software environment called ETORA, an Environment for Task-Orientated Analysis. This prototype environment allows SYMOLAC to utilise disparate sources of spatial data, to reason with both quantitative and qualitative knowledge, to model disparate domain uncertainties, and to exploit the functionality of third-party software components. Unlike standard approaches, it allows an automated analysis to focus on each particular domain task and how it may best be performed with the available data, knowledge and software resources. The detection of forest felling and the subsequent update of the Land Cover of Scotland (1988) dataset forms the initial application of SYMOLAC. It is concluded that the system's approach is flexible, extensible and adaptable, and demonstrates one way in which satellite imagery can offer potential to the future monitoring of complex land cover change without the need for human intervention.
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Castano, Antoine. "Méthode d'analyse des cotes de fabrication." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37612513s.
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Geidne, Anna. "Validation of Remote SensingSnow Cover Analysis." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Luft-, vatten och landskapslära, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-303862.
Full textAbstract:
The by SMHI (Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute) developed snow cover product, that analyses snow cover from satellite images, needs to be validated. A reliable validation method should be developed and concentrated to verify the snow cover analyses from images emerged from the recently operative European MSG-satellite. The validation is done for Europe, and this first validation test to evaluate the validation method is only done for a couple of clear days in March 2004. The snow cover analyses from the MSG images, computed by the snow cover product, are compared to synoptic snow observations and to a similar snow cover product from the NOAA project NESDIS. Every grid point of the MSG analysis area and the reference NESDIS area has been given a snow classification, describing the local status of the snow cover. The synoptic classification is derived from snow depth reports, stored in SMHI database. The product (MSG) classification and the reference classification in every grid point has then been added to a table and presented for manual evaluation. The most exacting work is to prepare the validation data to be comparable. The preparation quality affects the results, especially at the comparison to the synoptic source where the snow cover classification is a delicate problem. The synoptic reference data has shown up to be far too sparse to be used for a serious validation. There are also problems with the interpretation of the snow reports. Using the NESDIS source as reference the result looks better and the validation method is probably reliable. Images of the snow cover from MSG and NESDIS sources have also been sketched and compared. This comparison shows that the snow cover differences might originate from the snow cover product. The temperature of the ground might affect the snow detection; the snow is not detected sufficiently when ground is cold. On the other hand high altitude clouds seems possibly generate false snow detection. From the image comparison could also be presumed that forest might hide the snow cover. A more complete validation is now needed to draw any definitive conclusions if the existing snow cover differences originate from the snow cover product or from the validation method. But the method seems to work. Synoptic source is not recommended to use as validation reference, but the snow cover scenes from NESDIS seems to be a reliable reference source and works well for the validation method.En produkt för beräkning av snötäckningsgrad har utvecklats av SMHI (Sveriges meteorologiska och hydrologiska institut). Produkten analyserar snötäcke utifrån satellitbilder och en tillförlitlig metod att validera produkten ska utvecklas. Valideringen som sedan ska göras, koncentreras till att verifiera snötäckesanalyser utifrån den nyligen operativa Europeiska MSG-satellitens bilder. Valideringen görs för Europa, och denna första testvalidering för att utvärdera valideringsmetoden görs för ett fåtal dagar med klart väder under mars 2004. Produktens snötäckesanalyser från MSG-satellitens bilder jämförs med synoptiska snöobservationer tillika analyser från en liknande produkt från amerikanska NOAAs projekt NESDIS. MSG- och NESDIS-analysernas snötäckesinformation finns lagrat i ett snöklassificeringsfält motsvarande den geografiska arean (Europa), där alla gridpunkter har tilldelats en klassificering vilket beskriver den lokala statusen på snötäcket i punkten. Snötäckesklassificeringen för de synoptiska observationerna görs utifrån snödjupsrapporter lagrade i SMHIs databas. De olika värdena på MSG-klassificeringen och referensklassificeringen i varje punkt summeras och presenteras i en tabell för utvärdering. Det mest krävande jobbet är att förbehandla indatat från de olika källorna för att få det jämförbart. Kvalitéten på förarbetet påverkar resultatet, speciellt vid jämförelsen mot synoptiska data där snötäckesklassificeringen är komplicerad. Resultattabellen tenderar att visa på ett bra resultat, men produkten för snötäckesanalys verkar ha svårt att detektera snö tillfredställande. Den synoptiska referenskällan har visat sig innehålla alldeles för lite data för att kunna användas i en seriös validering. Det finns även vissa problem med tolkningen av snörapporterna från databasen. Med NESDIS-produktens analys som referens ser resultatet bättre ut och valideringsmetoden kan sannolikt betraktas som tillförlitlig. En jämförelse mellan kartbilder över de två källornas klassificeringar har visat att det är möjligt att avvikelserna i beskrivningen av snötäcket beror på produkten för snötäckesanalys. Produktens snödetektering ser ut att kunna påverkas av marktemperaturen, snön upptäcks inte tillräckligt bra då marken är kall. Även höga moln ser ut att kunna påverka snödetekteringen och ger i så fall falskt klassificeringen snö där det enligt referenskällan är barmark. Utifrån bildjämförelsen kan också antas att skog kan gömma snötäcket. En mer komplett validering krävs för att dra några definitiva slutsatser om skillnaderna i snötäckningsgrad beror på valideringsmetoden eller på produkten för snötäckesanalys. Men metoden ser ut att kunna fungera. Synoptiska observationer rekommenderas inte att använda som referens, men snötäckesanalyser från NESDIS-projektets produkt verkar vara en tillförlitlig referens och fungerar väl för valideringsmetoden.
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Araújo, Daniel Séjour. "Incivilidade à mesa?: comer com desconhecidos." Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, 2012. https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/12885.
Full textAbstract:
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorThis research has as its object the relations established among individuals who do not know each other at restaurants in the central area of Uberlândia - MG. It was carried out from the perspective of the study of everyday life as a way to perceive the experiences of the common man in the processes of societal change. We conducted a case study through observations and interviews in which we seek to apprehend the representations of the patrons of establishments that have a particular feature, almost mandatory, that their clients share a table. From the theoretical references which allow considering food as a means for the analysis of social relations; the construction of rules of behavior in society; eating out and the changes of the interactions in public space, we analyze how the definitions of behaviors considered appropriate for the occasion affect relations among strangers in the restaurant area. We could see that the behavior shared by clients have the effect of dismissing the strangers, through rules that guide people\'s attitudes so as not to disrespect others.
A presente pesquisa tem como objeto as relações estabelecidas entre indivíduos que não se conhecem, em restaurantes no centro da cidade de Uberlândia - MG. Foi realizada a partir da perspectiva do estudo do cotidiano como forma de perceber as experiências do homem comum e suas vivências nos processos de mudança social. Por meio de observações e entrevistas, realizamos estudo de caso no qual buscamos apreender as representações dos frequentadores de estabelecimentos que têm por característica particular a quase obrigatoriedade de que seus clientes dividam uma mesa. A partir das referencias teóricas que permitem pensar a alimentação como um meio para a análise de relações sociais, a construção de regras de comportamento em sociedade, o comer fora de casa e as alterações das interações no espaço púbico, analisamos de que maneira as definições dos comportamentos considerados adequados para a ocasião condicionam as relações entre desconhecidos no espaço do restaurante. Pudemos perceber que as condutas partilhadas pelos clientes têm por efeito dispensar os estranhos do contato, por meio de regras que orientam as atitudes das pessoas para que não se desrespeite os outros.
Mestre em Ciências Sociais
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Castano, Antoine. "Methode d'analyse des cotes de fabrication." Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066123.
Full textAbstract:
Modele definissant la distance entre deux surfaces par une fonction aleatoire. Ce modele permet l'analyse du comportement de la piece dans son montage d'usinage. Il permet d'exploiter les donnees des machines a mesurer tridimensionnelles ainsi que les controles statistiques. On en deduit une methode generale de determination des cotations de fabrication. Applications a la productique, a la fabrication assistee, aux systemes flexibles de fabrication et a l'informatique industrielle
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AlBanna, Muna. "Methane oxidation in landfill cover soil." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26834.
Full textAbstract:
Methane, one of the primary greenhouse gases, negatively affects climate change. Its atmospheric concentration has increased dramatically over the last century and is expected to continue rising due to human activities. Oxidation of methane by methanotrophic bacteria provides a sink for methane. The rate at which methane is biologically oxidized depends on different parameters. This study aims to better understand methane oxidation in landfill cover soils. This was done through laboratory batch reactor experiments, under two levels of moisture content, two soil layer thicknesses and with and without nutrient additions.
Adding nutrients to the 200 mm layer of landfill cover soil that contained 30% moisture content (by weight), increased the CH4 oxidation efficiency from 38% to 81% and the CH4 substrate utilization from 2750 mumoles/L to 5540 mumoles/L.
The kinetic constants were studied in the landfill cover soil. The maximum CH4 utilization rate for different experimental runs and under different levels of the three specified parameters were between 31 and 699 mumoles/dayxkg of dry soil weight.
A statistical design model was developed to describe the expected methane oxidation efficiencies under different levels of moisture content and nutrient addition that can occur in a typical landfill cover soil.
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Carlsson, Erik. "Sulphide-rich tailings remediated by soil cover : evaluation of cover efficiency and tailings geochemistry, Kristineberg, northern Sweden /." Luleå : Luleå tekniska univ, 2002. http://epubl.luth.se/1402-1544/2002/44.
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Deyi, Kakou. "La criminalite en cote d'ivoire." Caen, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986CAEN0008.
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La criminalite en cote d'ivoire est la consequence de la degradation des moeurs ainsi que de la disposition des valeurs traditionnelles africaines. La civilisation des pays developpes envahit irresistiblement les civilisations, les traditions des pays sous-developpes. Les progres scientifiques et technologiques qui tendent vers un mieux-etre, comportent cependant des mefaits qui sont la contrepartie ineluctable d'une civilisation qui semblent remettre en cause toutes les valeurs, y compris la religion et la morale. L'individu etant sensible au milieu, la civilisation d'aujourd'hui tendant a se confondre avec la vie urbaine, la recherche de bonheur materiel est devenue l'objectif prioritaire pour lequel certains n'hesitent pas a enfreindre, par des comportements extremes, les regles susceptibles de troubler l'ordre public. Les atteintes aux biens l'emportent. Le choix designe comme prioritaires les banques et les transferts de fonds. Les violences graves contre les personnes sont devenues le complement habituel de ce type d'agressions spectaculaires. Le banditisme international, favorise par des moyens techniques de communications et de deplacements lies a la civilisation moderne, a pris une dimension inquietante. Les vols les moins graves, les plus nombreux, constituent le domaine privilegie de la delinquance juvenile. Le seul comportement inquietantCriminality in ivory coast is the consequence of the degenerating culture and the state of the african traditional values. The civilisation of the developed countries continue to besiege irresistibly the civilisations and the traditions of the developing countries. The scientific and technological progress which tends to ameliorate the human lives comprises, however, the damaging affects wich are the inescapable compensations of a civilisation wich seems to put into question all values including religion and moral. Every individual beign sensible to this enviroment, today's civilisation tends to be confused with urbain life, the research for material happiness and satisfaction has become the prime objectif to the extent that somme did not hesitate to infringe by their extreme attitudes the rules susceptible to trouble the public order. Attacks against properties sem to be victorious. The pririty of choice among others are the banks and money in transit. The grevious violences against people have become an habitual compliment the type of spectacular agression. The international gangsterism favoured and facilited by the technical means of communications and the movements attached to the nature
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Rector, Lucas Scott. "Herbicide Carryover to Cover Crops and Evaluation of Cover Crops for Annual Weed Control in Corn and Soybeans." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/95984.
Full textAbstract:
While cover crops are actively growing, they compete with winter annual weeds. Studies were conducted to determine the ability of early planted cover crop monocultures and mixtures and a fall applied residual herbicide to compete with winter annual weeds. Cereal rye containing cover crops provided the greatest control of winter weeds in May. Flumioxazin, as a fall applied herbicide, controlled winter weeds in December, but control did not persist until May. Once cover crops are terminated, their residue suppresses summer annual weeds. A greenhouse experiment studying the effects of cereal rye biomass on common ragweed and Palmer amaranth control and light penetration and two field experiments to determine the effects of cereal rye and wheat cover crop biomass terminated with a roller crimper or left standing on summer weed control and light penetration were conducted. For summer weed control, as cover crop biomass increased, weed control increased, light penetration decreased, soil temperature decreased, and soil moisture increased. Standing cover crop residue provided greater control of common ragweed compared to rolled residue until 8400 kg ha-1 of cover crop biomass. As cover crop biomass increased, rolled cover crop residue reduced light penetration compared to standing residue. Wheat cover crop residue increased soil moisture more compared to cereal rye residue. Cover crops must become established to produce adequate biomass to compete with weeds. Herbicide carryover has the potential to reduce cover crop establishment. A study was conducted to evaluate the potential for 30 different residual herbicides applied in the cash crop growing season to carryover to 10 different cover crops. While visible injury was observed, cover crop
biomass was similar to the nontreated check in all cases, indicating that herbicide carryover to cover crops is of little concern. Herbicide carryover has few biological effects on establishment of cover crops, under the conditions and herbicides evaluated, that are effective at competing with winter annual weeds and suppressing summer annual weeds.Master of Science in Life Sciences
Cover crops are grown after the cash crop has been harvested and terminated before another is planted. They are grown for environmental and agronomic benefits and not harvested. Cover crops improve soil health, reduce erosion, prevent nutrient loss, and control weeds. Cover crops can compete with weeds while they are actively growing. Their residue can create a mulch layer to reduce weed establishment and limit the amount of light reaching weed seed to reduce germination and establishment. As winter cover crops are growing, they compete with winter weeds for sunlight, nutrients, and water. Fall applied herbicides that remain active in the soil are also utilized to control winter weeds in between cash crop growing seasons. Experiments evaluated the ability of cover crop monocultures and cover crop mixtures compared to a fall applied herbicide to compete with winter annual weeds. Monocultures and mixtures of cereal rye, crimson clover, hairy vetch, and forage radish were utilized. Cereal rye containing treatments provided the greatest control of winter weeds in the spring. The fall applied herbicide provided adequate control of winter weeds in December, but control did not persist until the May, indicating that a fall applied herbicide will not provide control of winter weeds from cash crop harvest to the next cash crop planting. As cover crop biomass increases, summer annual weed control increases. Cover crops are usually terminated with herbicide and left standing in Virginia, but the use of a roller crimper lays down residue and creates a mulch layer. Experiments compared the effects of cereal rye and wheat cover crops at different biomass rates terminated with herbicide only (left standing) or a roller crimper and herbicide on summer weed control, light penetrating the cover crop canopy and reaching the soil surface, soil moisture, and soil temperature. As cover crop biomass increased, weed control increased, light reaching the soil surface decreased, soil temperature decreased, and soil moisture increased. Standing cover crop residue provided greater weed control until 8400 kg ha-1 of cover crop biomass was reached. After 8400 kg ha-1 rolled cover crop residue provided greater control, but control from standing and rolled were both greater than 80% compared to the no cover control. Cereal rye intercepted more light than wheat cover crop residue at less than 6000 kg ha-1 of cover crop biomass was achieved. Rolled cover crop residue intercepted more light than standing residue. Established cover crops most produce adequate biomass to effectively control weeds. Herbicides applied during the cash crop growing season to control weeds can remain active in the soil and reduce the establishment of subsequently planted cover crops. Experiments evaluated the potential for different herbicides applied during the cash crop, such as corn, cotton, or soybeans, to remain in the soil at high enough concentrations to injure cover crops commonly utilized in the Mid-Atlantic region. Cover crops utilized were wheat, barley, cereal rye, oats, annual ryegrass, forage radish, Austrian winter pea, crimson clover, hairy vetch, and rapeseed. Results suggest that little potential exists for the herbicides utilized to persist in the soil to injure the five grass cover crop species utilized. There is the potential for some herbicides to injure forage radish, crimson clover, and rapeseed, but no reduction in cover crop biomass was observed, indicating there is little concern for herbicide carryover to cover crops. Residual herbicide carryover has little effect on establishment of cover crops and does not reduce cover crop biomass, under the conditions and herbicides tested in this study. Cover crops can effectively compete with winter weeds, and as cover crop biomass increases, summer annual weed control increases.
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Peterson, Alan Tollof. "Intersowing Cover Crops Into Standing Soybean in the Upper Midwest." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/31688.
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In order to reduce nutrient losses and soil erosion in the United States Upper Midwest following soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], cover crops can be intersown into standing soybean. The objective of this study was to determine the establishment of intersown cover crops and their impacts on a soybean-wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) rotation. Four cover crops, winter camelina [Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz], winter pea [Pisum sativum ssp. arvense (L.) Poir], winter rye (Secale cereale L.), and radish (Raphanus sativus L.), were directly sown into the ground at the R4 and R6 stages of soybean at two locations, Prosper and Fargo, ND in 2016-2018. Results indicated intersowing cover crops have no impact on soybean yield, can produce above ground biomass which ranged from 0.44 to 3.04 Mg ha-1, and show potential to mitigate soil nitrate losses in areas that grow soybean as a cash crop.
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Wallén, Daniel. "Cover times of random walks on graphs." Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Mathematics, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-125278.
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Phillips, Benjamin John. "Multidisciplinary optimisation of a CFRP wing cover." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2009. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/4641.
Full textAbstract:
With the market introduction of both the Airbus A350XWB and the Boeing 787,
Carbon Fibre Reinforced Plastics (CFRP) has been applied to primary structure of large
commercial aircraft, as a means of enhancing overall performance. Both these aircraft
are being developed and produced in a unique way where Airbus and Boeing are acting
as System Integrators and using Risk Sharing Partners to develop the majority of the
principal components.
To support this new business and technological model it is necessary that the System
Integrator has sufficient knowledge and tools to support the development of the
components. Of particular interest are items such as the wing covers, as they are both
heavy and expensive items, thus offering large opportunities for optimisation, in
particular when the benefits of applying CFRP are considered. This creates the forum
for this thesis, i.e. to thoroughly understand all factors that influence a CFRP wing
cover, from which an optimisation methodology is developed, incorporating design
constraints, while seeking the lightest weight solution, with a resultant Life Cycle Cost
(LCC). Based on this, different solutions can be compared based on weight and LCC.
In general stringer-stiffened panels are, from a weight perspective, the optimal
configuration for wing covers, and thus are solely considered. Serendipitously, due to
their prismatic shapes, buckling calculations of stringer-stiffened panels can be solved
with reasonable accuracy and ease using the Finite Strip Method (FSM), as opposed to
more time consuming methods such as the Finite Element Method. A suitable FSM
program is available from ESDU, which when used in combination with a configured
Excel spreadsheet can take into consideration constraints established from the extensive
literature review. Once the lowest weight solution is obtained under buckling
constraints, the solution is then checked for in-plane and if desired out-of-plane
strength.
Based on the structurally optimised wing cover, the manufacturing cost is calculated
using a Process Based Cost Model (PBCM), which has been developed based on
different CFRP materials for the skin and stringer fabrication, as well as suitable
manufacturing and integration methods. In order to consider the LCC, i.e. all costs from
cradle to grave, the PBCM factors in both the cost of recycling scrap material during
manufacture and after retirement. Furthermore, when more than one solution is
compared then the Economic Value of Weight Saving, which is based on the range
equation, can be factored in to consider the financial benefit of weight saving.
The optimisation methodology and PBCM has been evaluated on diverse wing cover
examples, which has considered both uni-directional prepreg, non-crimp fabric and
braids materials in combination with autoclave and liquid composite moulding
techniques. The results demonstrated a trend which can be considered realistic, although
the cost estimation is very much dependent on the assumptions made. In conclusion, the
thesis and the optimisation methodology can be used to compare different
configurations.
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Choy, Eddie L. T. "Waveform interpolation speech coder at 4 kbs." Thesis, McGill University, 1998. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=20901.
Full textAbstract:
Speech coding at bit rates near 4 kbps is expected to be widely deployed in applications such as visual telephony, mobile and personal communications. This research focuses on developing a speech coder based on the waveform interpolation (WI) scheme, with an attempt to deliver near toll-quality speech at rates around 4 kbps. A WI coder has been simulated in floating-point using the C programming language. The high performance of the WI model has been confirmed by subjective listening tests in which the unquantized coder outperforms the 32 kbps G.726 standard (ADPCM) 98% of the time under clean input speech conditions; the reconstructed speech is perceived to be essentially indistinguishable from the original. When fully quantized, the speech quality of the WI coder at 4.25 kbps has been judged to be equivalent to or better than that of G.729 (the ITU-T toll-quality 8 kbps standard) for 45% of the test sentences. Further refinements of the quantization techniques are warranted to bring the coder closer to the toll-quality benchmark. Yet, the existing implementation has produced good quality coded speech with a high degree of intelligibility and naturalness when compared to the conventional coding schemes operating in the neighbourhood of 4 kbps.
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De, Aloknath. "Auditory distortion measures for speech coder evaluation." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=41270.
Full textAbstract:
One of the important research problems in the area of speech coding is to determine the sound quality of coded speech signals. This quality can best be evaluated by a subjective assessment which is often difficult to administer and time consuming. An objective measure which is consistent with subjective assessment could play a vital role in the evaluation as well as in the design of a low bit-rate speech coder. In this dissertation, we introduce two distortion measures for speech coder evaluation. Since the perceptual abilities of a human being determine the precision with which speech data must be processed, we consider the details of cochlear (inner ear) and other auditory processing. Using Lyon's auditory model, the time-domain signal is mapped onto a perceptual-domain (PD). Any speech utterance is communicated to the brain through a series of all-or-none electrical spikes (firings) and the PD representation provides information pertaining to the probability-of-firings in the neural channels. Our first measure, namely the cochlear discrimination information (CDI), evaluates the cross-entropy of the neural firings for the coded speech with respect to those for the original one. With this measure, we also compute the rate-distortion function determining the lowest bit-rate required for a specified amount of distortion. In the second measure, namely the cochlear hidden Markovian (CHM) measure, we attempt to capture the high-level processing in the brain with simple hidden Markov models (HMMs). We characterize the firing events by HMMs where the order of occurrence of PD observations and correlations among adjacent observations are modeled suitably. For computing the coder distortion, the PD observations of the coded speech are matched against the HMMs derived from the PD observations of the original speech. Experimental results show that these measures conform to subjective evaluation results in majority of the cases. Finally, the introduced measures are also app
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Abdi, Arash. "Control of Quad-copter with suspended load." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/16490/.
Full textAbstract:
A Quadrotor (QR) is a type of unmanned aerial vehicles which has been absorbed lots of attention recently with many institutes have investigated on many application with this tools include search and rescue, surveillance, supply of food and medicine in emergency sub-problem of load transportation by the control of the cable suspended load or directly control of the QR robustly.
The goal of this thesis is to present a nonlinear control approach and investigate on novel approach. The focus is lies on the quadrotor-load subsystem where the cable tension is not zero, which analogous to modeling a rigid link between the quadrotor and load.
After introducing the basic concept, an introduction is given on geometric mechanics. This differential geometric based approach is used to model and control the system, based on the geometric properties of the system dynamics. It is shown how the configuration spaces and analyzed with the principles of differential geometry. Also the common approach for second approach will be hired for illustrate the configuration of the Quadrotor-load, while both approach avoiding the problem of singularities would occur on local charts.
Next, the geometric properties are utilized to define tracking error functions on these same space. A back-stepping approach is applied to generate a cascade structure with multiple nonlinear geometric controllers, allowing control of several flight modes that are responsible for the control of a) quadrotor attitude b) load attitude c) load position.
Finally, simulation illustrate the stability and ability of the geometric controller. Also Zero-dynamics is derived to compare both performances. The tracking performances of both controllers are discussed for many different experiences.
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Lawrence, Peter. "Climate impacts of Australian land cover change /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2004. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18055.pdf.
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Martínez, Vázquez Alberto. "Snow cover monitoring techniques with gb-SAR." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/6922.
Full textAbstract:
Los radares de apertura sintética basados en tierra (GB-SAR) son instrumentos que, aun siendo relativamente jóvenes, se utilizan con éxito para monitorizar operacionalmente deslizamientos de tierra. Por otra parte, el manto nivoso se ha estudiado tradicionalmente a nivel local con sensores invasivos o con radares de onda continua. El trabajo presentado en esta tesis contribuye a la conjunción de ambos campos: el uso de sensores GB-SAR para la monitorización del manto nivoso. En los capítulos 5, 6 y 7 se muestran las tres técnicas desarrolladas: cálculo de la altura del manto nivoso, cálculo del volumen de nieve desplazado en una avalancha, y detección y clasificación de avalanchas.La altura del manto nivoso se calcula a partir de la fase interferométrica diferencial de dos adquisiciones SAR consecutivas bajo la hipótesis de nieve seca y asumiendo un modelo de nieve de una capa. El volumen desplazado en una avalancha se obtiene mediante la resta de dos modelos del terreno digitales (DTM) generados justo antes y después del fenómeno avalancha. Los DTMs se obtienen con el modo topográfico del instrumento: dos antenas separadas una cierta distancia reciben simultáneamente los ecos de una tercera antena que transmite. La tercera técnica de monitorización, detección y clasificación de avalanchas, se realiza mediante la magnitud de la coherencia compleja entre dos imágenes SAR consecutivas. Las avalanchas de nieve presentan valores de coherencia muy bajos en el área afectada, que puede ser identificada mediante un modelo basado en características morfológicas y estadísticas. En la presente tesis se presenta un innovador algoritmo para la detección y clasificación de avalanchas.
El GB-SAR del Joint Research Centre, una vez mejorado para permitir su uso continuado 24h al día y 7 días a la semana (capítulo 3), ha sido utilizado para desarrollar y verificar las técnicas mencionadas anteriormente. Se han realizado medidas durante seis inviernos, que han proporcionado más de 120000 imágenes SAR a una frecuencia aproximada de 12 minutos por imagen. Se han estudiado dos emplazamientos, cada uno con características diferentes con el fin de verificar el uso operativo de las técnicas bajo condiciones reales. Los resultados muestran que la obtención de la altura del manto nivoso es posible pero su aplicación está limitada al campo experimental ya que su uso está condicionado por fuertes restricciones. Un estudio de viabilidad posteriormente confirmado con medidas muestra, en cambio, las limitaciones de precisión de los instrumentos GB-SAR para obtener una estima del volumen de nieve desplazado en una avalancha. Finalmente, la técnica más prometedora es la de detección y clasificación de avalanchas, la cuál se demuestra factible y robusta desde un punto de vista operativo y práctica desde una perspectiva de usuario final.
Ground-based synthetic aperture radars (GB-SAR) are instruments that, although relatively young, are operationally used to monitor landslides with sub-millimetre accuracy. There are however other application fields that deserve some attention.
Monitoring of the snow cover and, in particular, of those processes associated with the snow avalanches are a clear example of this. To date, monitoring of the snow cover has been traditionally carried out at local scale either with invasive sensors or with continuous wave (CW) radars, while at wider scales air- or satellite-borne sensors have been employed. The work presented in this PhD thesis is a first attempt to study the potential use of GB-SAR sensors to monitor the snow cover. Three techniques for monitoring snow cover with GB-SAR are presented through Chapters 5, 6 and 7: snow height retrieval, snow avalanche volume retrieval and avalanche events detection and classification.
Snow height is retrieved by using the differential interferometric phase of two consecutive SAR acquisitions under the assumption of single layer model and dry snow conditions. The volume displaced in a snow avalanche is computed by subtracting two digital terrain models (DTM) generated immediately before and after the avalanche event.
DTMs are obtained with the topographic interferometric mode of the instrument: a spatial base line separates two antennas that simultaneously receive the echoes of a third transmitting antenna. The third monitoring technique, avalanche detection and classification, is achieved identifying low-coherence anomalies in the coherence image between two successive SAR acquisitions. Snow avalanches present a low-coherence signature that can be identified by a morphological and statistical parameter model. A novel detection and classification scheme for snow avalanches is proposed.
The Joint Research Centre's GB-SAR sensor, upgraded to allow continuou operation 24 hours a day 7 days a week, also as part of the work of this thesis (Chapter 3), was used to develop and assess the before mentioned techniques. Measurements were carried out during six winters, providing more than 120000 SAR images at a rate of one image every 12 minutes approximately. Two test sites were studied, each with different characteristics in order to assess under real conditions the operational use of the monitoring techniques. Results show that snow height retrieval is achievable but remains, for the moment, an on-going research topic due to strong constraints limiting its use. A feasibility study is presented showing the accuracy limitations of GB-SAR to compute the snow volume involved in an avalanche. Finally, the most promising technique is snow avalanche detection and classification, which is demonstrated to be feasible and robust from an operational point of view and practical from an end user perspective.
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Schehl, Donald J. "Monitoring of thermoplastic pipes under deep cover." Ohio : Ohio University, 2000. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1172865071.
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Abela, Jeanette Mireille. "Blinding Struts in Cut-and-Cover Excavations." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.511839.
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Bago, Enric Palle. "Solar activity, cloud cover and climate change." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.368467.
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Heras, Alejandro de las. "Predicting human impacts on tropical forest cover." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.443178.
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Makido, Yasuyo Kato. "Land cover mapping at sub-pixel scales." Diss., Connect to online resource - MSU authorized users, 2006.
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Lumbuenamo, Sinsi Dianza 1954, and Sinsi Dianza 1954 Lumbuenamo. "Litter cover effect on soil spectral response." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276620.
Full textAbstract:
In order to assess the influence of litter cover on soil background spectral response, trays of dry Lehmann Lovegrass (Eragrostis lehmanniana) were used at three different densities (635, 1015, 2815 Kg/ha) over three different soil backgrounds (Whitehouse sandy clay loam, Superstition sand, and Cloversprings loam). After analysis, spectral measurements made with a Barnes Multi-Modular Radiometer revealed that, soil-litter mixtures exhibit an oil like spectral behavior in the (0.45-2.30 m) waveband range. Mulched soils could not be discriminated from bare soils solely on the basis of the spectral response. However, mulched and bare soil spectral responses differed in amplitude depending on the difference in brightness between the bare soil and the litter cover. In addition, the results showed that while an increase of litter cover density on the soil surface decreased RVI, NDVI and PVI predicted greenness, it increased the GVI based greenness for all soils except the Superstition sand where the GVI showed a reversed trend. The PVI increased at low and intermediate litter densities and decreased at higher ones for the Superstition sand.
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Lounsbury, Natalie Pennoyer. "Spring seedbed characteristics after winterkilled cover crops." Thesis, University of Maryland, College Park, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1552505.
Full textAbstract:
Tillage is the common practice for seedbed preparation prior to early spring vegetables. To investigate the possibility of eliminating the need for spring tillage through the use of cover crops, spring seedbed characteristics after winterkilled cover crops forage radish (Raphanus sativus L.) and oat (Avena sativa L.) were monitored prior to and during growth of no-till and rototilled plantings of spinach (Spinacia oleracea var. Tyee) over four site years in Maryland's Coastal Plain and Piedmont regions. Results indicate that forage radish can facilitate no-till planting of spring vegetables in the mid-Atlantic without herbicides or fertilizer. Forage radish increases soil nitrate and sulfate in early spring and is best suited as a cover crop before the earliest planted main crops.