Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Cotonniers'
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Staubli, Maurus. "Reich und arm mit Baumwolle : exportorientierte Landwirtschaft und soziale Stratifikation am Beispiel des Baumwollanbaus im indischen Distrikt Khandesh (Dekkan) 1850-1914 /." Stuttgart : F. Steiner, 1994. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb366763030.
Full textDufresne-Seurre, Geneviève. "Les Waddington, sept générations de cotonniers : 1792-1961." Paris, EHESS, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990EHES0011.
Full textThe waddington company's first cotton mill was founded in 1792 at stremy-sur-avre by henry sykes,an english merchant. In 1812, he was joined by several members of his family, including his grandson thomas and his son-in-law, william waddington. The waddington family took control of the company at the death of its founder in 1813. During the forty-year partnership of thomas and his brother frederic, which began in 1825, three factories were added. They were succeeded by their sons, richard and evelyn. True to their protestant background, the waddington family began early on to create innovative social institutions and, by the end of the xixth century, waddington's had gained a reputation as a prosperous company with forward-looking social policies. Richard waddington and his elder brother, william henry, both deputies and, later, senators, made note insignificant contributions as centre left republicans during the iiird republic. From 1913 onward, the company seems to have operated under its acquired momentum. The slump of the nineteen thirties, however, proved fatal to waddington's; the gradual demolition of the firm's factories began in 1934. The company ceased to exist in 1961
Claude, Marquié Catherine. "Mise au point et étude de films biodégradables réalisés avec des farines de graines de cotonniers." Montpellier 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON20033.
Full textDelannoy, Etienne. "Caractérisation de péroxydases associées à la défense du cotonnier ("Gossypium hirsutum") contre "Xanthomonas campestris" pathovar "Malvacearum"." Montpellier 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON20175.
Full textLevrat, Régine. "Le coton en Afrique occidentale et centrale avant 1950 : un exemple de la politique coloniale de la France /." Paris : l'Harmattan, 2008. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41402209f.
Full textBibliogr. p. 459-481.
Picard, Jérôme. "Espaces et pratiques paysannes : les relations élevage-agriculture dans deux terroirs cotonniers du Nord Cameroun." Paris 10, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA100063.
Full textDusserre, Julie. "Incidence d'une réduction de l'éclairement sur les ajustements de puits, la répartition des assimilats carbonés et sur les composantes du rendement et la qualité des fibres de coton à l'échelle de l'organe reproducteur du cotonnier (Gossypium hirsutum L. )." Aix-Marseille 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX30031.
Full textThis study sought to analyse effects of a shade treatment on cotton fibre production and quality, with emphasis on interactions among reproductive sinks. Pruned plants, with a single serie of successively appearing inflorescences, of the cultivar DES 119 were cultivated in field in Thailand and controlled environments. In a parallel experiment with similar treatments, the distribution of 14C activity after 11 h exposure to labelled COz was investigated. An index of apparent competition for assimilates was calculated by dividing boll load by plant growth rate. Within the boll, shading affected all components of a cascade of development processes, including boll retention, carpel growth (which may actually represent a reserve for future seed-cotton growth), fibre yield components: seed number, seed-cotton dry weight and dry weight partitioning between seed and fibre, and fiber quality (cell wall thickening). Each of these processes is sensitive to resources during a particular period. In addition to these quantitative components, two temporal ones were also identified, rate of appearance of new inflorescences and boll duration. Reducing assimilate supply during reproductive development did neither change distribution of assimilated C14 between vegetative and reproductive structures, nor between bolls. The boll's demand was determined according to its age and its seed number. Inside the boll, under darkened conditions, distribution at the carpels was reduced during theirs development, benefiting seed-cotton growth. On the basis of results, perspectives were proposed concerning simulation model, and diagnosis tool of the resource restriction
Chedeme, Cossi Claude. "Les relations entre la culture cotonnière et les cultures vivrières au Bénin." Montpellier 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON10009.
Full textSince 1982, year in which major rural development projects took off, benin simultaneously has experienced a spectacular rise in cotton production and a net increase in food crops. The positive result recorded on the food production is the work of the cotton producing regions which have enabled the country to reach a satisfactory cereal balance. The balance between cotton and food production is obtained thanks to the strategy of the farmers who face to the two cultivations, seek first and foremost to satisfy their selfsufficiency in food production and simultaneously to ensure money. The cotton cultivation does not compete with food cultivations but, on the contrary, it induces their improvement
Refaat-Chahbandar, Medhat. "L'apport des techniques de culture in vitro dans les programmes d'amélioration du cotonnier Gossypium sp." Paris 11, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA112120.
Full textThis thesis is concerned with the possibility to exploit different techniques of in vitro culture in different cotton species. Haploid plants were obtained from Gossypium hirsutum L. By the direct androgenesis from well determined stage development of microspores. Plants issued from anther callus did not lead to haploid plants. Protoplasts were isolated by well-developed techniques from differents explants. Protoplasts populations from zygotic embryos and cotyledons showed different division capacity. Best results were obtained from protoplasts of zygotic embryos which permitted to pass the usual stage of development to callus stage. Different techniques of hybridization in vitro with or without stigmatic tissues led to the obtainment of interspecific hybrids between G. Hirsutum L. (4n) x G. Barbadense. L (4n). The fertilization of isolated ovules proved the possibility to obtain hybrid embryos between G. Herbaceum (2n) x G. Hirsutum (4n). First stages of somatic fusion between G. Herbeceum and G. Hirsutum would permit to raise some other barriers of incompatibility between cultivated and wild species. The insertion of these techniques in programs of cotton improvement is envisaged
TCHATCHUENG, JEAN-BOSCO. "Controle qualite des produits cotonniers et optimisation du procede de raffinage de l'huile brute provenant des graines a gossypol." Paris 6, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA066592.
Full textLevrat, Régine. "La culture cotonnière en Afrique soudanienne de la zone Franc depuis les débuts de la colonisation : l'exemple du Cameroun." Bordeaux 3, 2007. https://www.dawsonera.com/abstract/9782296212718.
Full textStarting from a general study on cotton (ecological and historical), this thesis deals with the history of the spreading of the cultivation of the cotton by France in its African colonies. After the first attempts, diversified and with unequal results (failure in "AOF" and Cameroun, questionable success in AEF), in 1950 was put in place organizations which ensured the success of this approach: IRCT (Institut de Recherches du Coton et des Textiles Exotiques) and CFDT (Compagnie Française pour le Développement des Fibres Textiles). This cultivation and the companies who promoted it, CFDT and national subsidiaries which relayed it, invested of a mission widened to the whole development, played a preponderant role in the raising up of this area, by applying an identical plan based on the small producers and the integration of the chain from the production of the "cotton-graine" to the commercialization of the fiber, as it is well illustrated with the case of the Cameroun. From the example of the cotton, the analysis widens to the economical politic of France vis-à-vis these African countries, during the colonial age and after, pointing out their situation of dependence in regards of their former mother country and international bodies (BM and OMC), setting the problem of a disparity North/South in the present system of globalization dominated by the US through the action of falling quotations and subventions
Blavet, Didier. "Hydro-pédologie d'un versant représentatif d'un paysage sur socle granito-gneissique d'Afrique de l'Ouest (Togo) : Relations avec le comportement d'une plante cultivée." Montpellier 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON20281.
Full textBadlissi, Salim. "Le blé et le coton en Syrie : stratégie d'un choix entre une culture alimentaire et une culture d'exportation : recherches sur l'optimisation de la rentabilité économique de l'utilisation de ressources hydriques limitées." Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010631.
Full textColl, Jérôme. "Les sociétés rurales du Mali en pôles : pouvoirs, coton et développements au village à l'heure de la décentralisation (cercle de Koutiala et Sikasso)." Paris, EHESS, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EHES0144.
Full textRural societies of South Mali move between four "worlds": villages, state, cotton economy and development. This thesis synthesizes two years of field research in anthropology of politics and development, when the country entered into a wide decentralization reform. On the basis of investigations on a sample of various villages and social actors at the regional and national levels, I analyse these worlds focusing on their interactions and the configurations of powers occurring at the local level. Villages are organized around multiple stacked poles founded on a set of customary and new legitimacies. At the interface of the intervention strategies and these local dynamics are appearing, here and there, forms of balancings and discrepancies that reveal, at the time of decentralization reform, all the sociological worth, complexity and actual stakes of the Sikasso region's peasants and rural societies of Mali
Sangare, Oumar. "Modes d'encadrement et transformations socio-économiques engendrées par la production cotonnière en Haute-Guinée (République de Guinée)." Toulouse 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOU20093.
Full textThis study concerns the transformations brought about by the policies of the cotton development in High Guinea. The information collected during the documentary research and field investigations, show that cotton situation in High Guinea is singular in Western Africa. The production integrated in the PDRGH and the PCK appear as the main form of supervision in which , the cotton appeared as the structuring agricultural culture in High Guinea
Ndjendole, Sylvain. "Contraintes pluviométriques sur les cultures annuelles en Centrafrique : l'exemple de la culture cotonnière." Dijon, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001DIJOL014.
Full textOndo, Zue Abaga Norbert. "Efficacité du vétiver (Vetiveria zizanioides) pour limiter la dispersion de trois micropolluants dans les sols cotonniers et maraîchers du Burkina Faso : endosulfan, cuivre et cadmium." Phd thesis, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00761070.
Full textHaj, Najib Bassel. "Gestion optimale de l'utilisation de l'eau douce et salée pour l'irrigation du coton dans le bassin de l'Euphrate en zone semi-aride." Lille 1, 2007. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2007/50376-2007-147.pdf.
Full textMagrin, Géraud. "Le sud du Tchad en mutation : des champs de coton aux sirènes de l'or noir." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010642.
Full textLuquet, Delphine. "Suivi de l'état hydrique des plantes par infrarouge thermique : analyse expérimentale et modélisation 3D de la variabilité des températures au sein d'une culture en rang de cotonniers." Paris, Institut national d'agronomie de Paris Grignon, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002INAP0028.
Full textTersiguel, Philippe. "Boho-Kari, village Bwa : les effets de la mécanisation dans l'aire cotonnière du Burkina Faso." Paris 10, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA100078.
Full textThis study looks at the effects of agricultural mechanization on the farming systems found in Burkina Faso's cotton-growing area chapter one describes the conditions underlying the development of mechanization in the western region of the country, while the chapters from two to six present a monography study of the village of Boho Kari. Here, an analysis is developed concerning: 1)the relationships between different types of farming units distinguished on the basis of farming equipment (ox-draft, motorized equipment or neither), and 2)the effects of mechanization on the pattern of land appropriation and on the spatial organization of village lands. The study integrales a thorough analysis of work organization according booth farming equipment which is owned and or utilized by production units, finally, chapter seven analyzes the results of agricultural motorization on a regional bans within the framework of a development project
Dello, Jean-Jacques. "Crises cotonnières et évolution durable de la production cotonnière dans les pays de l'Union économique et monétaire ouest-africaine (UEMOA)." Montpellier 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON10017.
Full textDuring 60s, the cotton production bursts out in the countries of UEMOA, under the impetus of the French company for textile fibres development (CFDT, in French). In 70s, national companies of development take over. Backbone of a "functionnally integrated" commodity chain, cotton companies handle most of the functions : supplying the farmers with inputs on credit, marketing, ginning, etc. The cotton company is under an obligation to buy almost all the seed cotton produced by farmers as a price theoretically fixed in advance before planting. The production increases from 50 000 tons in 1960 to 630 000 tons just before the great cotton crisis in the mid-80s. The cotton commodity chain was reorganized then in order to reduce the production costs (thus to restore competitivity) with the purpose to reduce the financial deficits. The objective of this work is to study the West African cotton sectors, and to analyse the reasons of their relative success in terms of rentability and competitivity as well as the impact of the liberalization process
Gorra, Diane-Grace. "«L' or blanc » mythe ou réalité : la problématique cotonnière en Afrique de l'Ouest." Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0128.
Full textField of cotton is an activity of primary sector. Whish has, and continues to be the hall mark of development economies as it was the case in Europe, USA, Brazil and China. Countries with environmental conditions allowing cotton cultivation have developed agricultural sectors and crafts, with further industrial processing sectors of great importance. Cotton has become organized into hierarchy although his organization responsible for distortions and competition for the monopole. Cotton path may be divided in two blocks: the North block with USA has a quasi total control and a challenger: China. The other block is constituted by West African cotton producers. In view of the development of unregulated liberalism in Africa through structural adjustment policies and general privatization, we decided to study the system of cotton cultivation in Benin, Burkina Faso, Mali and Togo. We aimed to focus the potential of cotton cultivation to become a highly specialized, diversified and development strategy. Protectionism is arising in the North block and there is a need for further investigation of the actual policies policies for cotton agriculture. Thus the actual collaboration policies between North and African block are primary beneficial for the industrial sector at the detriment of the small Africans producers of the primary sector. This highlight that the "White Gold" is an important business even if some branches remain heavily subsidized in certain countries of the North creating ipso facto dependence towards this monoculture in countries of the south where it is and still remains as a product said or "pension". So we have to ask the question: White Gold myth or reality ?
Loison, Romain. "Analyse écophysiologique et modélisation de l’interaction génotype x environnement x itinéraire technique chez le cotonnier (Gossypium hirsutum L.) au Cameroun pour la conception d'idéotypes." Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTS174/document.
Full textCotton lint is the first natural fiber used in the world. Cotton provides income to more than 10 million people in West and Central Africa. In Cameroon, it is produced in rainfed conditions and water shortage is the major abiotic factor limiting yield and lint quality. In this context, a breeding program was initiated in 1950 to increase lint yield, fiber quality and disease resistance. After 60 years, this program has released more than 20 cultivars. However, seed cotton yield has been levelling off for more than thirty years.This study analyzed growth and development of main cultivars released from 1950 to-date to evaluate genetic gain including drought adaptation traits indirectly bred for. It also analyzed genotype by environment by crop management interactions (GEI) under water limited conditions in order to use a cotton simulation model in Cameroonian conditions. Then, crop simulation model was used to design cotton ideotypes under Cameroonian cropping conditions. An application of this work was in providing key drought adaptation traits to breed for cultivars that better withstand water stress.Firstly, phenotype evolution over breeding time and its interaction with cropping conditions in Cameroon was evaluated on cotton development, growth (including roots), yield, and fiber quality. Ten major cultivars were studied under rainfed conditions (field) and controlled conditions (greenhouse and phytotron). Classical GEI analysis of variance of cultivars and regression over their respective year of release were done. The results showed that the breeding program succeeded in improving cotton lint yield and the potential of fiber quality when the crop reached physiological maturity before the end of the rainy season. In late season drought, breeding reduced the fiber quality (fiber length, uniformity and strength). Most of the development and growth variables did not change with time, except the number of leaves which reduced. Breeding created cultivars with better potential fiber production and quality, but with reduced plasticity to sub-optimal environments and access to soil water. Secondly, an analysis of GEI for ecophysiological traits conferring a good response to drought was done in good and water limited conditions for a subset of four cultivars. The results indicated that water deficit had a negative impact on almost all plant functions, both under field and controlled environments. The recent cultivar L484 bred for the driest production area had the fastest development, thickest leaves with most chlorophyll and thus maintained the highest level of photosynthesis and transpiration per unit of leaf area in water-limited conditions. In these conditions, L484 had the highest radiation use efficiency and water use efficiency maintenances. Despite these traits this cultivar did not show any improvement in terms of biomass, harvest index and cotton yield across water conditions. Cotton breeding program in Cameroon succeeded in providing a cultivar (L484) better adapted to local conditions, with a higher stability and faster development coupled with a strategy of growth maintenance, without any improvement in yield. Thirdly, the crop simulation model CROPGRO-Cotton was used in order to design ideotypes with higher yield than existing cultivars. Field experiments in Cameroon were used to constitute the minimum dataset for the crop model calibration. Then, cultivars AC, L484 and forty-two virtual cultivars with ±20% from L484 parameter values were compared across 99 years of generated weather in two locations. Compared to L484, the cotton ideotypes in Cameroonian rainfed conditions had reduced emergence to anthesis duration, longer reproductive duration, higher maximum level of photosynthesis with thicker leaves, and smaller leaves for Far North region or bigger ones for North region
Bouchaud, Charlène. "Paysage et pratiques d'exploitation des ressources végétales en milieux semi-aride et aride dans le sud du Proche-Orient : approche archéobotanique des périodes antique et islamique (IVe siècle aV. J.-C. - XVIe siècle ap. J.-C." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010644.
Full textJonsson, Pernilla. "Marknadens väv : svenska mekaniserade bomullsväverier i distribution och försäljning 1850-75 /." Uppsala : Acta universitatis Upsaliensis, 2000. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40928512r.
Full textRenaudin, Camille. "Le paysannat cotonnier africain dans la mondialisation : impacts sociaux, économiques et géographiques. Le cas de la région Est du Burkina Faso." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Sorbonne - Paris IV, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00624815.
Full textRaschmann, Simone-Christiane. "Baumwolle im türkischen Zentralasien : philologische und wirtschaftshistorische Untersuchungen anhand der vorislamischen uigurischen Texte /." Wiesbaden : O. Harrassowitz, 1995. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36706901p.
Full textBibliogr. p. 194-208. Index.
Chassagne, Serge. "La naissance de l'industrie cotonniere en france : 1760-1840, trois generations d'entrepreneurs." Paris, EHESS, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986EHES0056.
Full textThe making of french cotton industry took place in three stages : 1. From 1760 to 1785, calico printing dominated the cotton industry. It was the time for proto-factories. 2. From 1785 until the end of the empire, the english spinning techniques spread, either hand or water powered, which concentrated the spinning in factories, while the handloom weaving remained scattered. This stage of technological diffusion takes place during the french revolution, and with a policy of protection. 3. After the peace, in 1815, and the maintening of protection, all the production phases were mecanized : spinning, weaving and printing. The factory became therefore the leading form of production. For each phase, which lasted as long as a generation, the cost of capital and the social group of entrepreneurs have been surveyed. We can conclude that the only period of social opening was the beginning, because very soon trade overwhelmed industry, putting the great transformation rather on the side of continuity than of discontinuance
Soulama, Sagnaba. "Caractérisation mécanique et thermique de biocomposites à matrice polystyrène recyclé renforcée par des coques de cotonnier (Gossypium Hitsutum L.) ou des particules de bois de Kénaf (Hibiscus Cannabinus L.)." Thesis, Belfort-Montbéliard, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BELF0243/document.
Full textIn the current context marked by a large emergence of environmental issues, the circular economy and sustainable development, the development of eco-materials represents a major challenge which offers an alternative to plastics recycled at end of life cycles.The objective of this work is to contribute to the development of two eco-materials from plant biomass non-cultivable food available, associated with synthetic polymers recycled at end of life cycles.It is a part, to develop a biosourced material constitutes of recycled polystyrene, strengthened of hulls of cotton. This material will be likely to be a substitute for polystyrene in areas of various applications such as the manufacture of parts for thermal insulation, interior trim from cars, the hulls of cellular mobile, computers, photocopiers, and various packaging.On the other hand, to develop particle board in wood of cotton stems and stalks of kenaf associated with a binder natural (the glue of bone) for use in the area of the thermal insulation of interior in replacing the panels of particles prepared with glue urea formaldehyde.The influence of the parameters for the development for each of the two materials was analyzed. After optimization of conditions of implementation for each material, the holding mechanical, thermal properties and the microstructure have been determined and optimized in each case
Kadekoy-Tigague, David. "Impact des stratégies multifonctionnelles sur la performance économique des exploitations agricoles en zone de savanes de Centrafrique face à la crise cotonnière." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00551619.
Full textLacape, Marc Jean. "Analyse ecophysiologique de la reponse de varietes de cotonnier au deficit hydrique." Montpellier, ENSA, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ENSA0003.
Full textNisbet, Stuart M. "The rise of the cotton factory in eighteenth-century Renfrewshire /." Oxford : Archaeopress, 2008. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41310139n.
Full textDomche, Lucienne. "Réponses morphologiques, physiologiques et biochimiques du cotonnier (Gossypium hirsutum L.) à la toxicité aluminique." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211761.
Full textDao, Vi Thuy. "Le gossypol et ses nouveaux dérivés : synthèse et étude d'activités biologiques." Paris 11, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA112286.
Full textNew Schiff bases of racemic gossypol and gossypolone and of (+)- or (-)-gossypol enantiomers are described. Schiff bases obtained from gossypol enantiomers are optically stable at room temperature whereas gossypolone Schiff bases racemize quickly and may be observed only at lower temperatures. Their cytotoxic activities on KB human cancer cells were determined : the methylimine and ethylimine derivatives of racemic gossypolone were the most active compounds, and the cytotoxicity of racemic gossypol and gossypolone was increased when the tests were performed in the absence of serum and decreased when catalase as well as mannitol were added to the culture medium. (+)-gossypol and (-)-gossypol derivatives displayed higher toxicities on KS and MCF7 cells than the corresponding (+) isomers. New derivatives of gossypol and gossypolone: dithianes or dithiolanes, were synthesized using dithioethane or dithiopropane in the presence of BF3. Et2O. Furthermore, the same reaction conditions with tetramethyl or hexamethyl ethers of gossypol lead to cyclic thioderivatives. These thioderivatives exhibited very low toxicity in KB cells. This masking of the aldehyde groups may be reverted by the use of electrophiles such as nitroxide ions, nitrosonium tetrafluoroborate which regenerate gossypolone or transform thiogossypols in new compounds, more toxic. Since toxicities of the derivatives issued from nitrosonium tetraf luoroborate action or nitric oxide plus ferric ion are increased, these results support the hypothesis that gossypol and gossypolone dithiane and dithiolanes could be proposed as prodrugs targeted against cells that express or are surrounded by high concentrations of nitric oxide, for instance, tumor cells
Wang, Ju. "Prospérité et déclin de l'industrie cotonnière nationale de Shangai (1945-1949)." Paris, EHESS, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997EHES0042.
Full textThe years 1945 to 1949 represent a time of double transition in china : first the transition from japanese occupation to guomindang's rule, second the civil war and guomindang's defeat which leads to the victory of the communist party. During that period and for the first time, foreign interests are no more in competition with chinese investments, as far as the cotton industry is concerned. An important state-owned group is created, which will compete with the private cotton mills. Funds gathered during the time of "isolated island" (1937-1941) and favorable economic conditions enable the shanghai private cotton mills to enjoy a new "golden age", which will however last no more than two years, as the government takes constraining measures in order to meet the civil war needs and a galloping inflation. Private funds then escape to foreign countries or go illicit. Relations between private companies and state-owned ones become complex, extending from collaboration to confrontation, through all sorts of arrangements. The public sector is altogether a means of state control and a warehouse for cotton products ; submitted to a strong state intervention, it cannot work properly. During these four years, the guomindang economic policy is both rigid and inadequate. As a result, the bourgeoisie will look towards the opposition parties and a certain number of technocrats will leave the public sector. But it is also a time when the first public companies were born in the field of light industry
Ba, Alassane. "Exploitation du cheptel bovin dans la zone cotonnière au Mali-Sud." Thesis, Montpellier, SupAgro, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NSAM0016/document.
Full textIn the cotton-growing area of Southern Mali, the different studies conducted explain the growth of the cattle herds' size by the under off-take of the herds by the breeder. The objective of the thesis is therefore to make a diagnosis on the off-take of the cattle herds in the cotton-growing area of Southern Mali and to identify the constraints of the herd off-take. The research methodology combined zoo technical and sociological approach to analyze the practices and the off-take decisions of the breeder's herds. The use of a demographic model permitted to measure the sensitivity of the productivity rate to the different demographic parameters. The valued off-take rate of the herd was of 0.08 year-1. This rate compared to the rate of 0.11 year-1 of the numeric productivity of livestock shows that there is not under off-take of the cattle herds. The processes of animal's off-take imply several decision-makers. However, the different organizational structures and decision don't constitute a hindrance to the animal's off-take. The monetary need is the main reason of animal's sale to face the family's expenses. The rates of off-take and in-take of animals are tie with the herd size and the behaviors of the families. The off-take rate is related to the productivity of the herd. The productivity improvement passes by the reproduction improvement and the proportion of reproductive females in the herd
Madi, Ali. "Politique agricole et elacticite de l'offre dans les exploitations de la zone cotonniere au cameroun." Montpellier, ENSA, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ENSA0001.
Full textPrudent, Patrick. "Etude bio-écologique d'Eutinobothrus brasiliensis, HAMBL., Coleoptera, Curculionidae, foreur de tige du cotonnier au Paraguay." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37617911d.
Full textPrudent, Patrick. "Etude bio-écologique d'Eutinobothrus brasiliensis (HAMBL)(Coleoptera : Curculionidae), foreur de tige du cotonnier au Paraguay." Toulouse 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOU30252.
Full textDUBOIS, MARIE-PIERRE. "Etude de la variabilite genetique de fusarium oxysporum f. Sp. Vasinfectum, champignon pathogene du cotonnier." Paris 11, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA112325.
Full textPoutouli, Wiyao. "Contribution a l'étude des hétéroptères associés à la rotation culturale mai͏̈s-cotonnier-niebe au Togo." Paris 6, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA066428.
Full textChassagne, Serge. "La Naissance de l'industrie cotonnière en France, 1760-1840 trois générations d'entrepreneurs." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37596626v.
Full textDembele, Sidi. "Structuration spatiale de la biodiversité agricole dans la zone cotonnière du Mali." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMC046.
Full textThe diversity of cropping systems and varieties plays an important role in the ability of family farms to withstand socio-economic and environmental shocks. For better conservation, this agricultural diversity needs to be characterized and monitored in space and time. While they were dominated by elements of price, area and production until recently, agricultural monitoring systems are beginning to integrate diversity issues. The diversity of cropping systems and varieties plays an important role in the ability of family farms to resist socio-economic and environmental shocks, whereas until the end of the 1990s it was considered as a limiting factor in improving the productivity of farming systems in varietal selection processes. In a situation of uncertain rainfall, to reduce the risk of this hazard, farmers use several species and varieties to survive and produce through all the hazards encountered. The peasant strategy consists in cultivating several varieties with different agronomic characteristics (early maturity, yield, resistance to diseases, parasites and drought, etc.) and culinary in the same field or in different fields. This strategy allows farmers to cultivate the varieties best suited to the soil conditions of their fields and to meet their diverse needs.It is in this context that this thesis focuses on the spatial structuring of agrobiodiversity in the cotton zone. To achieve this objective, several methods and approaches have been used. The approach adopted combines the digital analysis of satellite imagery and the use of data from field surveys. The analysis of these data is based on the spatial distribution of biodiversity and its correlation with agro-ecological practices and conditions, agronomic performance and performance.The main results from the analysis of the study data are:a) There is a great heterogeneity and diversity of landscapes in the cotton zone of Mali-Sud with a total of eleven (11) landscape units;b) There is great diversity at the specific level and in cropping systems. The mean values of the most specific indicator of diversity are recorded in villages where the mean rainfall is between 700 and 1000 mm of water followed by villages of less than 700 mm;c) The specific pressure indicator shows a geographical distribution of the pressures of the different crop species. Indeed, in villages where cotton is at the head of rotation, it exerts strong pressure on other species. In these villages, the cotton area is much larger than for the other species;d) For yield, most villages have average yields of cotton above the national average in 2015. Analyzing its evolution between 2013 and 2015, there is a decline in yield in most villages if this decline is very often sawtooth with increases in 2013 and 2014.e) The yield stability indicator shows that yields are stable with all species except maize.These results open the way for a greater contribution of geography in agronomic analysis
Thanisawanyangkura, Sornprach. "Modelisation de l'interception du rayonnement et de sa variabilite spatio-temporelle dans un couvert de cotonnier." Paris 11, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA112160.
Full textEngdahl, Torbjörn. "The exchange of cotton : Ugandan peasants, colonial market regulations and the organisation of international cotton trade, 1904-1918 /." Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 1999. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb388683225.
Full textYeo, Tople. "Culture cotonnière et développement en région de savane : le cas du nord ivoirien." Bordeaux 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987BOR1D307.
Full textIntegrated into the structures of the subsistence economy, cotton could be described as a "transitory" crop. In fact, the subsistence economy is founded on a variety of foodstuffs, the majority of which are consumed by the producer. Cotton remains, therefore, the main source of revenue. As a result, cotton production brings about certain essential socio-economic transformations in the developement of northern ivory coast village economy (the breaking up of large units of traditional production, depersonalization of labour, mechanization of agriculture). The advantages of this diversification are somewhat limited: the additional revenue obtained from the introduction of cotton does not compensate the effort that the peasants put into its production. Nevertheless, cotton production contributes important earnings to the national economy
Laboucheix, Jean. "Contribution à l'étude de la transmission de la virescence florale du cotonnier, Gossypium hirsutum L., au Burkina Faso." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37598861d.
Full textPinchard, Véronique. "Etude des mécanismes de résistance à la deltaméthrine chez un ravageur du cotonnier : Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae)." Toulouse, INPT, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPT029A.
Full textLaboucheix, Jean. "Contribution à l'étude de la transmission de la virescence florale du cotonnier (Gossypium hirsutum L. ) au Burkina Faso." Paris 11, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA112135.
Full textThe floral virescence of cotton, also called phyllody, is a disease which affects cotton fields in Burkina Faso (Former Upper Volta). With the development of cotton growing, it has taken a certain extent and epidemic strokes may happen and affect seriously cotton production in some areas. The disease starts with a greening of floral buds (virescence), followed by a progressive transformation of floral structures into foliar like elements and by a dense proliferation of small leaves (phyllody). Foliar yellowing may happen. Cotton plant becomes sterile and unable to produce. The disease is associated with the presence of MLO (mycoplasma like organisms) and is the first of this kind to be described in Africa. The present study establishes the responsibility of Orosius cellulosus (Homoptera, Cicadellidae) in the disease transmission, and the role of Sida cordifolia and S. Rhombifolia (Malvaceae) as host-plants and inoculum reservoir is discussed, as well as the presence of other plants such as Mitracarpus scaber and Sesamum sp. Through various transmission tests, the existence of a common MLO in both diseases of cotton and Sida sp. Is considered. The study of the different aspects of the transmission of the disease shows that both sexes are able to transmit, but not nymphs. Biology and dynamics of populations of O. Cellulosus are described, and differences in sex-ratio according to various host-plants are discussed